{ "romanEmperor":{ "details":[ { "id":"19", "name":"Marcus Aurelius (as Caesar)", "reeceID":"7", "pasID":"265", "dbpedia":"Marcus_Aurelius", "viaf":"102895066", "nomismaID":"marcus_aurelius", "date_from":"139", "date_to":"180", "biography":"
Marcus Annius Verus was born in AD 121 and somehow caught the attention of the reigning emperor Hadrian. At age 18, he was adopted by Antoninus Pius along with Lucius Ceionius Commodus; he because deeply attached to his adoptive father. <\/p>
Upon the death of Antoninus Pius, Marcus Aurelius had himself and Lucius Verus proclaimed co-emperors, although it seems to have been his father\u2019s wish that only Marcus Aurelius fulfil that position. Marcus Aurelius may have thus elevated his adoptive brother because he wished to have more time for philosophy. <\/p>
Soon after their accession, the dual Caesars faced the Parthian War and, immediately after, the Plague. Germanic invaders also attacked in the north. Verus suffered a stroke in 168, and Marcus Aurelius was left to rule alone. He had to deal with continued revolts in Germany, as well as an attempt by the governor of Syria to gain more power. <\/p>\r\n\r\n
Faustina the Younger, wife of Marcus Aurelius, conspired against him with this governor of Syria (Cassius). However, soldiers loyal to the emperor killed Cassius and the ruler himself sought to avoid further conspiracy. At this point, Marcus Aurelius\u2019 son Commodus joined him in the struggles on the Danube frontier. <\/p>\r\n\r\n
The emperor died after several years of body pains and a possible dependence on opium. He was buried in Hadrian\u2019s mausoleum and remembered as a good emperor who met with undue hardship. <\/p>", "image":"MAurelius1.jpg", "zoomfolder":"Marcus_Aurelius_1", "dynasty":"5", "murdoch":"O6ZSi5MqsEE", "updated":"2012-06-21 10:32:50", "updatedBy":"56", "created":"2007-08-09 10:51:43", "createdBy":"56", "p":"Period 7", "i":"5", "dyn":"The Antonines", "filename":"marcus_aurelius_caesar.jpg" } ], "issuedDenominations":[ { "id":"17", "period":"21", "denomination":"As", "nomismaID":"as", "dbpediaID":null, "bmID":null, "rarity":null, "description":null, "weight":null, "diameter":null, "thickness":null, "design":null, "obverse":null, "notes":null, "old_material":"Copper alloy", "material":"7", "valid":"1", "created":"1998-09-28 00:00:00", "createdBy":null, "updated":"2007-01-09 15:40:03", "updatedBy":null, "rulerID":"265", "issuer":"Marcus Aurelius (as Caesar)" }, { "id":"32", "period":"21", "denomination":"Aureus (Republic\/Empire)", "nomismaID":"aureus", "dbpediaID":null, "bmID":null, "rarity":"Rare, but 1st to 2nd century AD most common.", "description":"
The aureus (pl. aurei) was a gold coin of ancient Rome valued at 25 silver denarii. The aureus was regularly issued from the 1st century BC to the beginning of the 4th century AD, when it was replaced by the solidus. The aureus is approximately the same size as the denarius, but is heavier due to the higher density of gold.<\/p>
Gold (Roman gold is a rich yellow rather than a pale yellow).<\/p>", "weight":null, "diameter":"19", "thickness":"3", "design":"High relief.", "obverse":"Laureate or bare-headed", "notes":null, "old_material":"Gold", "material":"23", "valid":"1", "created":"1998-09-28 00:00:00", "createdBy":"56", "updated":"2008-09-23 14:12:41", "updatedBy":"56", "rulerID":"265", "issuer":"Marcus Aurelius (as Caesar)" }, { "id":"25", "period":"21", "denomination":"Denarius (Empire)", "nomismaID":"denarius", "dbpediaID":null, "bmID":null, "rarity":null, "description":null, "weight":null, "diameter":null, "thickness":null, "design":null, "obverse":null, "notes":null, "old_material":"Silver", "material":"22", "valid":"1", "created":"1998-09-28 00:00:00", "createdBy":null, "updated":"2008-11-13 17:46:45", "updatedBy":null, "rulerID":"265", "issuer":"Marcus Aurelius (as Caesar)" }, { "id":"18", "period":"21", "denomination":"Dupondius", "nomismaID":"dupondius", "dbpediaID":null, "bmID":null, "rarity":null, "description":null, "weight":null, "diameter":null, "thickness":null, "design":null, "obverse":null, "notes":null, "old_material":"Copper alloy", "material":"7", "valid":"1", "created":"1998-09-28 00:00:00", "createdBy":null, "updated":"2007-01-09 15:38:31", "updatedBy":null, "rulerID":"265", "issuer":"Marcus Aurelius (as Caesar)" }, { "id":"19", "period":"21", "denomination":"Sestertius", "nomismaID":"sestertius", "dbpediaID":null, "bmID":null, "rarity":"As UK finds: Common AD 50s to 260s, especially 2 nd century", "description":"
The sestertius, or sesterce, was an ancient Roman coin. During the Roman Republic it was a small silver, and rare, coin issued only very occasionally. During the Roman Empire it was a large brass coin.<\/p>\r\n
The name sestertius means \"2 1\/2\", the coin's original value in asses, and is a combination of semis \"half\" and tertius \"third\", that is, \"the third half\" (0 1\/2 being the first half and 1 1\/2 the second half) or \"half the third\" (two units plus half the third unit, or halfway between the second unit and the third). <\/p>
Copper alloy (brass, pale yellow when cleaned.)<\/p>", "weight":"15", "diameter":"30", "thickness":"3", "design":"High relief ", "obverse":"Laureate or bare-headed", "notes":"Includes the prominent letters S C ", "old_material":"Copper alloy", "material":"7", "valid":"1", "created":"1998-09-28 00:00:00", "createdBy":null, "updated":"2009-06-10 13:37:32", "updatedBy":null, "rulerID":"265", "issuer":"Marcus Aurelius (as Caesar)" }, { "id":"167", "period":"21", "denomination":"Dupondius or as", "nomismaID":null, "dbpediaID":null, "bmID":null, "rarity":null, "description":null, "weight":null, "diameter":null, "thickness":null, "design":null, "obverse":null, "notes":null, "old_material":"Copper Alloy", "material":"7", "valid":"1", "created":"0000-00-00 00:00:00", "createdBy":"56", "updated":"2007-01-09 15:38:46", "updatedBy":"56", "rulerID":"265", "issuer":"Marcus Aurelius (as Caesar)" }, { "id":"15", "period":"21", "denomination":"Quadrans", "nomismaID":"quadrans", "dbpediaID":null, "bmID":null, "rarity":null, "description":null, "weight":null, "diameter":null, "thickness":null, "design":null, "obverse":null, "notes":null, "old_material":"Copper alloy", "material":"7", "valid":"1", "created":"1998-09-28 00:00:00", "createdBy":null, "updated":"2013-04-15 11:47:30", "updatedBy":"56", "rulerID":"265", "issuer":"Marcus Aurelius (as Caesar)" }, { "id":"24", "period":"21", "denomination":"Quinarius", "nomismaID":"quinarius", "dbpediaID":null, "bmID":null, "rarity":null, "description":null, "weight":null, "diameter":null, "thickness":null, "design":null, "obverse":null, "notes":null, "old_material":"Silver", "material":"22", "valid":"1", "created":"1998-09-28 00:00:00", "createdBy":null, "updated":"2013-12-19 14:07:56", "updatedBy":"491", "rulerID":"265", "issuer":"Marcus Aurelius (as Caesar)" }, { "id":"191", "period":"21", "denomination":"Medallion", "nomismaID":null, "dbpediaID":null, "bmID":null, "rarity":null, "description":null, "weight":null, "diameter":null, "thickness":null, "design":null, "obverse":null, "notes":null, "old_material":null, "material":null, "valid":"1", "created":"2007-01-16 15:35:35", "createdBy":"56", "updated":"2007-01-16 15:35:35", "updatedBy":null, "rulerID":"265", "issuer":"Marcus Aurelius (as Caesar)" } ], "issuingMints":[ { "mint_name":"Rome", "mint_id":"180", "pleiadesID":"423025", "woeid":"12843585", "geonamesID":"3169070", "i":"8", "pasID":"265", "name":"Marcus Aurelius (as Caesar)", "id":"19" } ] } }