Record ID: ESS-A0B960
Object type: BARBED AND TANGED ARROWHEAD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
An incomplete worked flint barbed and tanged arrowhead of Bronze Age date (c.1500-1100 BC). The object is triangular in plan with two notches in the base between the central tang and a barb to either side. One of these barbs is almost completely missing and the other is broken across the end. It is formed from a tertiary flake of translucent grey-brown flint which is bifacially worked with covering, scaled, low angle removals.  Measurements: Length: 21.6mm; Width: 17.8mm; Thickness: 3.1mm; Weight: 0.95g.
Created on: Monday 12th February 2024
Last updated: Friday 19th April 2024
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-F9F7F2
Object type: AWL
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Lincolnshire
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
A near complete cast copper-alloy awl of probable of Bronze Age date (c.1600-800 cal BC). Description: The object is rectangular in cross-section at one half, slightly curved and gradually flattening to a flat end. The other half is circular in cross-section and tapers to a point. It has a light green and brown patchy patina. Measurements: length: 101.2mm; width: and thickness: 5.2mm; weight: 11.19g Discussion: Awls were a range of rod-like tools that were usually round sectioned and pointed at one end, and rectangular sectioned with a sq…
Created on: Tuesday 23rd January 2024
Last updated: Thursday 1st February 2024
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-52B6A2
Object type: CASTING WASTE
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Cambridgeshire
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
A near complete cast copper-alloy casting jet or gate of Late Bronze Age date (c.1300-800) Description: The object is pointed-oval in plan, and conical in profile, with broken sprues at the apex and casting seems running from these, along the pointed sides to the base. On the underside, is a concave bowl-like cavity, the surface of which is wrinkled. The object has a green and light-brown patina. Measurements: length: 41.3 mm; width: 30.6 mm; thickness: height 31.6 mm; weight: 77.5g Discussion: The object represents waste from an object cast in a t…
Created on: Monday 15th January 2024
Last updated: Friday 12th April 2024
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-EFFF96
Object type: CHISEL
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
An incomplete cast copper-alloy chisel of possible Bronze Age date (c.2350-800 BC). Description: The object is rectangular in plan and in cross-section at one end. It tapers in thickness to a flat blade at the other while maintaining its width. The blade has a crescentic cutting edge. The object has a light green patina.  Measurements: length 67.38mm; width 10.28mm; thickness 9.63mm; weight 40.92g Discussion: Similar examples of block chisels have been found in the Glentrool Hoard (Burgess and Gerloff 1975: pl. 127) and Allerston hoard (Jessop 2004) so there…
Created on: Tuesday 5th December 2023
Last updated: Thursday 21st December 2023
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-5FC08B
Object type: FLAT AXEHEAD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
An incomplete and very worn copper-alloy flat axehead of Early Bronze Age date (c.2350-1600BC). Description: The axehead remains as the blade end and the lower half of the body. The body is narrow and waisted, gradually widening to the blade where it sharply flares to the blade's corners. The blade edge is curved and worn. The butt end ends in a transverse break. The axehead is very worn and pitted with a orange-brown uneven surface, with areas of a medium to light blue-green colour.  Measurements: length: 57.9mm; width: 51.2; thickness: 10mm; weight: 88g
Created on: Tuesday 28th November 2023
Last updated: Wednesday 7th February 2024
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-4C9031
Object type: WEIGHT
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
A complete cast copper-alloy probable weight of probable Bronze Age date. Description: The object is rectangular in plan and cross-section with worn edges. One face has tool marks radiating from the corner, covering the surface. Measurements: length: 44.2mm width: 22.2mm; thickness: 6.2mm; weight: 36.46g Discussion: The object hold some similarities with a decorated copper-alloy weight from Kent recorded on the database (KENT-115078) but does not have the distinctive wavy decoration that this and parallels found on the continent do (see Rahmstorf 2019). Rahmstorf (pers. comm.) …
Created on: Monday 27th November 2023
Last updated: Wednesday 7th February 2024
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-602663
Object type: SPEARHEAD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
A fragment of cast copper-alloy spearhead of Middle to Late Bronze Age date (c.1600-800 BC). Description: The object remains as the mid section of the spearhead which sub-rectangular in plan with slightly tapering sides towards the pointed end of the spearhead, which is now missing due to a worn transverse break. The opposite end has a circular socket, the edges of which are also worn. The object has a wide, pronounced midrib, taking the shape of the length of the socket. All edge of the spearhead are very worn. The oxidisation of the copper has created a…
Created on: Thursday 16th November 2023
Last updated: Friday 5th January 2024
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-273BE3
Object type: CHISEL
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
 An incomplete copper alloy socketed probable chisel of late bronze age date (c. 1000BC - 800BC). Description: The socket is circular in cross section, narrowing at the the blade which sub-triangular in plan, and rectangular in cross section with worn and broken edges. The blade tapers in width and thickness to an almost pointed end, missing its tip. It is also broken at the socket edge, and any possible collar is now missing. The edge of the break is very uneven and slightly frayed. Measurements: Length: 71.9mm, Width (on the blade section): 14.2mm Thic…
Created on: Wednesday 1st November 2023
Last updated: Thursday 16th November 2023
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-112CA7
Object type: CORE
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
A complete worked flint core of late Neolithic to Bronze Age date (c.3000-1000 BC). Description: The core is irregular in shape, struck from a nodule of dark grey flint. There are flake removals on all sides with multiple striking platforms. Pronounced ripple marks indicate use of a hard hammer.  Measurements: length 89.6mm; height 51.6mm; width 60.9mm; weight 367g Discussion: Use of hard hammer and multiple striking platforms suggest Late Neolithic to Bronze Age date.
Created on: Tuesday 31st October 2023
Last updated: Tuesday 7th November 2023
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-E99504
Object type: SCABBARD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
An incomplete cast copper alloy scabbard chape of Bronze Age date (c.1050-800BC) Description:  The object is broadly rectangular in plan and lozengiform in cross-section. It is hollow with a diagonal break at one end,leaving only parts of two of the four sides, and complete at the other with a knop at the terminal. It has a light to medium green patina.   Measurements: Length 41.3m, Width: 11.6mm, Thickness: 8.8 mm, Weight: 9.06 g Discussion: Compare with WILT-37F8E1. 
Created on: Tuesday 17th October 2023
Last updated: Thursday 26th October 2023
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-E97221
Object type: VESSEL
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
A fragment of vessel of probable Late Bronze Age to Early Iron Age date (c.1000 - c. 600 BC).  Description:  The sherd is a body sherd, sub-rectangular in plan and slightly curved in profile. It is of a handmade grey, soft fabric. It is well fired, and is tempered with angular, poorly sorted, flint inclusions.  Measurements: Length: 27.1mm, Width: 21.5mm, Thickness: 10.3 mm, Weight: 6.17 g
Created on: Tuesday 17th October 2023
Last updated: Wednesday 18th October 2023
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-807BE0
Object type: AWL
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
A near complete cast copper-alloy awl of probable of Bronze Age date (c.1600-800 cal BC). Description: The object is hexagonal in cross section, slightly thicker at approximatley two thirds along its length. From here, the awl bends at an approximate 20 degree angle. Both ends are pointed.  It has a light green and brown patchy patina. Measurements: length: 58.2mm; width and thickness: 4.5mm; weight: 4.94g Discussion: Awls were a range of rod-like tools that were usually round sectioned and pointed at one end, and rectangular sectioned with a …
Created on: Thursday 12th October 2023
Last updated: Wednesday 18th October 2023
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-8631A9
Object type: BORER
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Suffolk
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
A complete worked flint possible borer of probable Bronze Age date (c.2350-800 BC). Description: The object is broadly triangular in shape with a slightly curved ventral face. It is formed of a tertiary flake with a translucent grey colour with some darker grey areas. The proximal end has been formed into a blunt point with short, sub-parallel, abrupt retouch to both sides and there are conchoidal ripple marks on the ventral face. This end is much thinner in thickness than the distal end as about a third of the way down the length there is a ridge ac…
Created on: Monday 18th September 2023
Last updated: Tuesday 3rd October 2023
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-85A955
Object type: SPEARHEAD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
An incomplete cast copper-alloy spearhead and associated sheet metal fragments of Middle to Late Bronze Age date (c.1600-800 BC). Description: The object remains as the mid-section of the spearhead, missing its tip and broken at the top of the socket where there are the remains of two loops. It and sub-lozenge in cross-section having a very pronounced rounded midrib which runs towards the tip. Either side of the midrib are wings which are now broken and worn. The socket is circular. The object has a light green patina with medium brown patching.  Measurm…
Created on: Monday 18th September 2023
Last updated: Thursday 29th February 2024
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-39A121
Object type: SOCKETED AXEHEAD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
A fragment of a socketed axehead of uncertain type of Late Bronze Age date (c.1150-800BC) Description: The object remains as the blade end, with breaks extending down either side. The object has bent so that the blade is now asymmetrical, with one side being convex and the other slightly concave. The convex side appears to have raised ridges following the curve of the blade but this is likely warping from being bent. The object has a medium green patina.  Measurements: length: 33.9mm; width: 16.3mm; thickness: 11mm; weight: 13.16g
Created on: Wednesday 9th August 2023
Last updated: Thursday 10th August 2023
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-E0B50C
Object type: SOCKETED AXEHEAD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
A fragment of a socketed axehead of uncertain type of Late Bronze Age date (c.1150-800BC) Description: The object remains as the blade end including the bottom of the waisted body which flares and curls out to the blade's corners which are now worn. The cutting edge is curved and worn. The socketed end has worn transverse break. There are no visible casting seams. The object has a medium green patina.  Measurements: length: 25mm; width: 33.7mm; thickness: 13mm; weight: 27.11g
Created on: Friday 12th May 2023
Last updated: Monday 4th September 2023
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-D07AEB
Object type: SPEARHEAD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
An incomplete cast copper-alloy spearhead of probable middle to late Bronze Age date (c.1550 – 800 BC) Description: The object remains as the tip end of the spearhead. It is triangular in plan and sub-lozenge in cross-section having a pronounced rounded midrib which runs, although gradually flattens, towards the tip. Either side of the midrib are wings which widen towards an old transverse break. The socket is circular. The object has a medium green pitted patina. A ring of light green metal can be seen within the socket. Measurments: length: 28mm; widt…
Created on: Thursday 11th May 2023
Last updated: Monday 3rd July 2023
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-A33ECB
Object type: LITHIC IMPLEMENT
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
A complete worked flint or chert tertiary flake or blade of Late Neolithic to Bronze Age date (C.2500-1500BC). Description: The object is broadly rectangular in plan and trapezoid in cross-section. It is also slightly curved in profile. It has been produced from a medium orange flint. There is no evidence of striking on either face; the dorsal face has two prominent longitudinal ridges to each side. The edges have short, abrupt, sub-parallel retouch to both the dorsal and ventral faces. The dorsal face has a areas of white surface patina. Measurements: length: 53mm; width: …
Created on: Tuesday 9th May 2023
Last updated: Monday 10th July 2023
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-A2F8F0
Object type: LITHIC IMPLEMENT
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
A complete worked flint tertiary flake of Late Neolithic to Bronze Age date (C.2500-1500BC). Description: The object is broadly trapezoid in plan and triangular in cross-section. It is also curved in plan and in profile. It has been produced from a dark grey flint with areas of light grey. The ventral face bears the bulb of percussion and concentric ripples; the dorsal face has one prominent longitudinal ridge to one side. The edges have short, abrupt, sub-parallel retouch to both the dorsal and ventral faces.  Measurements: length: 87.2mm; width: 45.5mm; thickness: 8.…
Created on: Tuesday 9th May 2023
Last updated: Wednesday 28th June 2023
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-C54E7B
Object type: SICKLE
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
An incomplete cast copper-alloy socketed sickle of Late Bronze Age date (c.1000-800 BC). Description: The sickle remains as approximately three quarters of the socket and the base of the blade. The socket has an oval opening, 26.7mm in length with one half of this missing to halfway down the length of the socket. It has a raised rim with a thickness of 3mm. The socket narrows gradually on all sides, squaring off at its end from which the blade emerges. On the complete side of the socket, the wall is perforated with a single circular hole. The blade extends from the end and b…
Created on: Thursday 23rd March 2023
Last updated: Thursday 11th May 2023
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-F1E21D
Object type: CHAIN
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Published
A gold chain composed of two interlocking tripartite composite rings of Middle Bronze Age date (c.1300-1150 BC).  Description: The object is composed of two separately-constructed C-shaped penannular rings. Each ring in constructed from three circular-sectioned rods, stacked one on top of the other and curled round to form an open loop. The rods terminate in flat ends. The rings have been linked so that one passes through the centre of the other. The surface of the gold is rough on the inside of each ring as well as on the outside where the rings are the most curved. El…
Created on: Wednesday 1st March 2023
Last updated: Friday 24th November 2023
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Beaumont-cum-Moze', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: ESS-797717
Object type: AWL
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Hertfordshire
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
A near complete cast copper-alloy awl of probable of Bronze Age date (c.1600-800 cal BC). Description: The object is rectangular in cross section at the centre, gradually narrowing and flattening to a a now slightly broken point. At the other end, the object becomes circular in cross-section and ends in a point, also now broken slightly. It has a light green and brown patchy patina. Measurements: length: 51.6mm; width and thickness: 4.5mm; weight: 3.49 Discussion: Awls were a range of rod-like tools that were usually round sectioned and pointed at one end, and rectang…
Created on: Thursday 23rd February 2023
Last updated: Tuesday 25th April 2023
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-EA714B
Object type: ANVIL
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
This stone artefact is interpreted as being a possible anvil or polishing stone. These objects are also known as cushion stones. It is of rectangular shape with rounded faces, flattened ends and one flattened side and one curved side. The stone from which it is made is light grey in colour and very fine grained. There is a shallow chip on one face which looks as though it might have resulted from a hammer blow and there is also an area of damage on one end.  The artefact measures 83 mm long, 50 mm wide (max.) and 37 mm thick. It weighs 27 g.
Created on: Monday 23rd January 2023
Last updated: Monday 6th March 2023
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Walton', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: ESS-AF6803
Object type: SOCKETED AXEHEAD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Kent
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
An incomplete, copper alloy socketed axe, dating to the late Bronze Age, c. 1000-800 BC. The object is sub-rectangular in plan. The axe is cast, with a plain and gently tapering body lacking any external ridging, a semi-circular loop whose inner end coincides with a low moulding for a round collared mouth of external diameter 39.06mm. The cutting edge is missing, and there is a vertical break along the object, which might have been deliberate. Within the socket, the mouth achieves a sub-rectangular shape. 
Created on: Friday 9th September 2022
Last updated: Monday 3rd April 2023
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Near Maidstone', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: ESS-70F2B6
Object type: DAGGER
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
A fragment of a copper alloy Blade, Dagger or Rapier, of Mid to Late Bronze Age date (1600-800 BC). The object is rectangular in plan and a pointed oval in cross section. It is incomplete on all sides but has a visible bevel along the left and right hand edges away from the mid-rib. The cutting edges have been extensively broken and abraded. The metal is a mid-green in colour with a slightly pitted patina. 
Created on: Tuesday 6th September 2022
Last updated: Wednesday 15th March 2023
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-71837F
Object type: RIBBON
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
Description:  A strip of gold ribbon of probable Bronze Age date c. 2350-800 BC.  The strip is rectangular in shape with a perforation at each end.  It is decorated on one side with 11 grooves that run along the length of the strip.  The other side is plain.  The strip edges are damaged by nicks towards the centre and it is slightly bent in a number of places, including at the ends so the strip does not sit flat on a surface. Dimensions:  L: 73.56mm, W: 14.96mm, T: 0.62mm, Weight: 4.73g. Discussion:  Similar multi-grooved strips of a Bronze Age date…
Created on: Monday 13th June 2022
Last updated: Friday 5th May 2023
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Alresford', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: ESS-358524
Object type: SOCKETED AXEHEAD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Suffolk
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
Description: A fragment of a copper-alloy late Bronze Age socketed axehead dating to c. 1000-800BC. This fragment represents the lower blade end of the axe. It is sub-square in plan and wedge shaped in profile. When viewed in plan the sides of the body are fairly straight with little expansion. The axe blade shows signs of wear with corrosion and scratch marks visible on all sides. Dimensions: L: 48.9mm, W: 40.4mm, Weight: 66.16g Similar to: ESS-589E20 and ESS-32ED64
Created on: Thursday 17th March 2022
Last updated: Monday 20th June 2022
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Butley', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: ESS-CDD620
Object type: SPEARHEAD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
A copper alloy Bronze Age (c.1500-800 BC) spear tip. The tip is broken from the main part of the spear head. It is sub-triangular in plan, with a broad flat central longtitudinal rib on both surfaces. The tip is solid.and tapers to a point; the edges are sligtly worn.
Created on: Monday 28th February 2022
Last updated: Monday 27th November 2023
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Near Langley', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: ESS-06DD3B
Object type: ARROWHEAD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Cambridgeshire
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
Description: A cast copper alloy Bronze Age arrowhead or blade tip fragment. The fragment is sub triangular, tapering towards the tip, the extreme end of which is missing. The blade has a low centre ridge, being more pronounced on one side. The edges of the blade are sharp but worn and the fragment is lightly corroded. Dimensions: L: 15.22mm; W: 16.91mm (widest point); Weight: 1.94g Discussion: Given the size of the item and the shallowness of the central ridge (compared with other items) it is most likely to be a fragment of an arrowhead or small blade rathe…
Created on: Thursday 13th January 2022
Last updated: Monday 20th June 2022
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Litlington', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: ESS-9DB6CE
Object type: RIBBON
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Published
Description:  A fragment possibly from a gold Middle Bronze Age composite penannular ring, dating to c.1300-1100 cal BC. The warped fold plate made of three strands of gold wire, stacked on top of each other and fused together to produce a ribbed effect.  The wires are a D-shape, in cross-section, the flat surface being the inner surface of the ring where the fusing of these two pieces can be clearly seen. These wires end in smooth rounded terminals but at each end which may indicate this represents the original circular form now bent out of shape. In profile the ring is an i…
Created on: Wednesday 16th December 2020
Last updated: Thursday 2nd March 2023
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Leaden Roding', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: ESS-BD9843
Object type: SOCKETED AXEHEAD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Published
Very worn fragment of a copper-alloy socketed axehead dating to the Late Bronze Age period, that is c. 1000-800BC. The remaining fragment of the axehead takes the form of a slightly curved sub rectangular piece of the looped section of a socketed axe. The loop is still present and is integrally cast. Dimensions: weight: 10.8g, length: 27.0mm, width: 16.3mm, height: 14.9mm
Created on: Monday 23rd November 2020
Last updated: Wednesday 3rd February 2021
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-DAC5E2
Object type: HOARD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
Description:  A hoard of 23 copper-alloy objects comprised of 10 socketed axes, 1 sword fragment, 12 bun ingots of Late Bronze Age (c.1000-800 BC). Socketed Axes SF. 1: An incomplete looped socketed axehead (Southeastern Type) dating to c.950-800 BC. The socket is square in shape with a maximum width of 38.8mm and has a quadruple-collared socket, all being broadly rounded and the upper collar being thicker than the lower three at 5.4mm. The body narrows gradually towards the midpoint to a width of 27.6mm before widening again to 46.1mm, the sides curving to the blade's corne…
Created on: Wednesday 7th October 2020
Last updated: Wednesday 21st June 2023
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Near shalford', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: ESS-5F9D4A
Object type: SCABBARD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
Copper-alloy 'bag-shaped' scabbard chape, dating to the Late Bronze Age, c. 1000-800BC.  The chape is rounded on the lower edge and flared slightly in thickness.The interior is hollow and upper edge of the front face is damaged. The thickness of the walls is approx. 1.5mm. Both the front and back edges are broken, so that only the lower portion of the chape remains.  The slightly longer back face has two drilled holes present (likely to attachment to a belt), each with an approximate diameter of 2.1mm. The patina is mostly worn, with some patches of smoother c…
Created on: Thursday 2nd April 2020
Last updated: Friday 2nd December 2022
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-C9D709
Object type: ARROWHEAD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
Cast copper-alloy arrowhead or spearhead dating to the Bronze Age period, likely the later Bronze Age, c. 1500-1000 BC.  The item is triangular in shape and lozenge shaped in section, being almost circular in the mid-portion. The wider edge opposite the tip shows some damage, and some of the surface of the arrow or spear is missing. This missing portion extends into a hollow area interior to the mid-section of the artefact, which could be a socket for attachment. The wall of the hollow section is approx 1.2mm thick. The patina is smooth along the flat flanged blade edges an…
Created on: Thursday 26th March 2020
Last updated: Monday 17th April 2023
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-5011D1
Object type: HOARD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
Description: Two copper alloy items: (a) a fragment of a small, cast bronze, socketed axehead. The axe has a short body with a very gentle curve at the sides extending into a flared mouth at one end and expanded cutting edge at the other. The mouth has a prominent collar and the socket is rectangular in section. The loop projects just below the collar, although it is broken off close to the points where it joins the body of the axe. The axe is about two-thirds complete, with a considerable portion of one face missing, and there is significant damage to the cutting edge and the survivin…
Created on: Tuesday 25th February 2020
Last updated: Monday 18th December 2023
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-E8EA7E
Object type: AWL
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
Copper-alloy awl, possibly for leather working. The head is rectangular in section and tapers into a cylinder before ending at a blunt point. Likely dating from the mid-late Bronze Age c. 1250 -800 BC The item is dark brown and green with a generally smooth patina. weight: 3.28g, length: 51.1mm, width: 3.4mm
Created on: Thursday 20th February 2020
Last updated: Thursday 20th February 2020
No spatial data available.

Record ID: ESS-825B65
Object type: BEAD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
Cast copper-alloy bead of Bronze Age date. The bead is bi-conical in shape with a circular hole slightly off-centre. This circular hole is 6.0mm in diameter. The patina is smooth and dark brown in colour with some small areas of surface wear. Similar in form to ESS-975247 Dimensions weight: 13.24g, diameter: 18.4mm, thickness: 10.0mm
Created on: Monday 3rd February 2020
Last updated: Monday 11th May 2020
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-DB8E6E
Object type: RIBBON
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Published
Description: A Bronze Age (c.BC2150-1150) gold ribbon ornament in the form of a thin, parallel-sided strip with tightly rolled ends.  The strip is decorated with four rather irregular grooves which create a corrugated effect.  The object has been bent out of shape. Dimensions; Length: 26mm; width: 11mm; thickness: 1mm; weight: 2.07g. Discussion: It is difficult to identify this as a particular object type, beyond its belonging to a broad range of ribbon, or strip, ornaments of Bronze Age date. A number of parallels have been recorded on the PAS database, including …
Created on: Tuesday 14th January 2020
Last updated: Friday 5th January 2024
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'High Easter', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: ESS-D1D1E9
Object type: TORC
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Published
Description: Single fragment of a gold, four-flange, twisted bar torc comprising one terminal and a length of twisted metal which represents probably less than half of the original hoop. The surviving terminal is round in cross section and is between 3mm and 5mm in diameter. The end of the terminal displays a slight double depression which is likely to have been caused during the manufacturing process. The terminal tapers slightly before it joins the twisted hoop. Four longitudinal cuts have been made into the bar to create an X-shaped cross-section and the bar has then been twisted. T…
Created on: Tuesday 26th November 2019
Last updated: Tuesday 18th July 2023
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Near Mistley', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: ESS-D41BDF
Object type: SOCKETED AXEHEAD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
Fragment of a Bronze Age copper-alloy socketed axe, probably dating to the late Bronze Age, c. 1100-800 BC. The fragment is partially rounded on one edge and features a collar at the socketed edge. There are ribs visible on the surface. The inside of the fragment is plain. The patina is mostly red/brown with areas that have worn away to reveal green colouring. The red/brown colouring attests to the likely inclusion of a significant amount of iron in the alloy. The fragment has a weight of 17.6g, a length of 33.2mm, a width of 30.3mm and a maximum thickness of 6.1mm.
Created on: Thursday 14th November 2019
Last updated: Thursday 14th November 2019
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-AB9EA7
Object type: UNIDENTIFIED OBJECT
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Hertfordshire
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
A complete cast copper-alloy rounded moustache-shaped object of late Bronze Age or Iron Age date. The object is cast in one piece comprising a narrowed body with two sweeping swollen drop shaped arms which taper towards pointed terminals. The upper centre of the body has a recess. The object is decorated with grooves, running top to botom of each arm creating a ribbed effect. It has a mottled light grey brown and light green patination. Measurements: length: 22.1mm, width: 22mm, thickness:10.9mm, weight: 11.85g Similar examples recorded on the database inlcude KENT-A12C41; NARC-…
Created on: Tuesday 12th November 2019
Last updated: Thursday 21st November 2019
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-81C661
Object type: HOARD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Published
Description:   Six copper alloy items:  1. Possible chisel in the form of a wedge-shaped bar of rectangular section, squared-off narrow end, diagonally opposite corners with three regular spaced notches.   Length: 85mm, width: 22mm tapers to 3mm, thickness: 14mm tapers to 9mm, weight: 105.77g  2. Chisel in the form of a wedge-shaped bar of square section, rounded narrow end, undecorated.  Length: 99mm, width: 9mm, thickness: 9mm tapers to 3mm, weight: 55.22g  3. Ring fragment, circular cross section, undecorated.  Length: 59mm, diamet…
Created on: Tuesday 29th October 2019
Last updated: Tuesday 7th November 2023
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Great Bentley', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: ESS-EDCA69
Object type: PENANNULAR RING
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Published
A Late Bronze Age gold-plated copper alloy penannular ring dating from 1300-800BC. The ring is oval in shape and the terminals are flat ended. The ring is cracked and chipped in several places where the inner copper alloy core has corroded underneath, and the terminals have become joined by corroded metal. Dimensions: Diameter: 15.3mm, thickness: 4.1mm, weight: 3.48g Discussion: A gold-plated lock ring of a similar style on the database (LANCUM-C2543F) that is Bronze Age in date was submitted for consideration as treasure (Treasure case tracking number: 2017T810) and includes t…
Created on: Tuesday 22nd October 2019
Last updated: Friday 14th April 2023
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-17E797
Object type: SOCKETED AXEHEAD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
Complete copper-alloy Late Bronze Age (c. 950-800 BC) socketed axehead. The axe is sub rectangular in plan and has a flared crescent shaped cutting blade edge. The sides are triangular in shape. The socket is sub-square in section. The axe is 101.2mm in length. The blade is 44.4mm wide. The internal wall of the axe is approx 6.4mm thick. The external width of the socket is 40.7mm, whilst the internal width is 30.6mm. The width of the axe inclusing the loop is 40.6mm. The weight is 307.0g The socket features a moulded bevelled collar which is immediately above a similar mould…
Created on: Wednesday 31st July 2019
Last updated: Tuesday 12th April 2022
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-4A5641
Object type: SPEARHEAD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
Fragment of a cast Bronze Age spear tip, likely dating from c. 1500 - 800 BC. Both the terminal tip and the base are now missing, though some of the mid-portion remains. The fragment is circular in section at the centre, with flanges extending to either side to form the flattened edges of the spear. The centre of the spear appears to be hollow, but is now filled with material that has been heavily compacted. The circular section gives the fragment a distinctive raised mid-rib. The surface patina is dark green and abraded in places. Dimensions: weight: 8.43g, length: 25.9mm, …
Created on: Thursday 27th June 2019
Last updated: Monday 23rd March 2020
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-35909C
Object type: LITHIC IMPLEMENT
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
A possible flint scraper tool. The object is of light grey flint and sub-triangular in shape with a rounded point. There appears to be some flaking at the round point or the dorsal face, which may not be natural, and may therefore suggest that the object is a lithic artifact. It is likely that the flake on which the tool was produced was a secondary, due to the occurrence of a small portion of cortex on the proximal end. There are no distinctive ripples or a bulb of percussion present on the ventral face of the flake, though there are at least two small removals at the very tip of …
Created on: Monday 7th January 2019
Last updated: Thursday 11th April 2019
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-1BFC58
Object type: PENANNULAR RING
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Published
A probable Middle to Late Bronze Age (c. 1400-800 BC) gold penannular ring of uncertain function. Description: The ring is made of wire with a circular cross-section that tapers at the terminals to form rounded points. It is thickest and widest section at its centre and is curled into the shape of a ring. One end is bent outwardly, misshaping the ring, but the length is sufficient for the terminals to overlap if brought together.     Dimensions:  Length: 75.3mm; width at widest point: 3.4; thickness at widest point:  3.6; Weight: 6.77g Discussion: …
Created on: Thursday 25th October 2018
Last updated: Friday 10th November 2023
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Little Bromley', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: ESS-F88237
Object type: HOARD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Published
A hoard consisting of 13 items: 3 socketed axeheads and 10 pieces of casting waste. Axeheads 1: An incomplete, heavily worn fragment of a cast Late Bronze Age copper alloy socketed axe head, dating to c.1300-700 cal BC. The fragment consists of the axe's blade above which is a worn and abraded termination that is placed such that a small portion of the interior of the socket survives. The broken edge of the axe runs transversely across its body giving a flat edge from which the sides widen in slightly concave curves to pointed wings. From these extend a crescent blade.…
Created on: Monday 17th September 2018
Last updated: Thursday 22nd September 2022
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Kelvedon', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: ESS-1F6B9C
Object type: LITHIC IMPLEMENT
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
Partially worked flake of grey flint, likely dating to the late Neolithic/early Bronze Age, c. 3000 - 1500 BC. There is retouch along the upper left edge when viewed from the ventral face which is scaled and thins the flake edge slightly. The right edge of the ventral face also shows evidence of retouch, along the bottom edge forming a shallow crescent. The upper right edge of the ventral face is straight and diagonal. When viewed from the dorsal face this edge is backed almost all along its length, with only a small portion in the middle showing no evidence of retouch. The reto…
Created on: Friday 20th July 2018
Last updated: Monday 23rd July 2018
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-1F247F
Object type: LITHIC IMPLEMENT
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
Primary flake which has been utilised as a scraper or other lithic hand-held tool. The flake's dorsal surface is covered almost entirely by cortex, suggesting it was struck as a primary flake without any prior removals on the dorsal surface. It is likely that the flake was utilised opportunistically, as there is little in terms of retouch. Where retouch is seen, primarily on the mid right edge when viewed from the dorsal face, it takes the form of parallel removals forming a steep 'backed' edge. This was likely done to blunt this portion of the edge. The retouch continues, though t…
Created on: Friday 20th July 2018
Last updated: Thursday 26th July 2018
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-1EF776
Object type: LITHIC IMPLEMENT
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
Possible debitage flake with evidence of some edge flaking. Likely early Bronze Age in date, c. 2500 - 1500 BC. The ventral face is uneven and mottled, though the right edge does show evidence of retouch in a parallel scaled fashion at the section nearest the butt. The retouch seems to continue along the right side for the length of the flak, though is not as clearly defined toward the tip. The dorsal face shows evidence of removals toward the butt and along the right side of the arris. These are not as regular as the small retouch on the ventral face. It is likely that …
Created on: Friday 20th July 2018
Last updated: Monday 23rd July 2018
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-4E0184
Object type: HOARD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Published
Addendum to a previously known hoard find from the same site (ESS-F8865B / 2015 T113), known as the 'Blackwater Hoard'. This assemblage is comprised of 13 separate artefacts, all made of copper-alloy and very likely from the same deposit as the initial hoard and adds to the subsequent addenda found on the site since the initial discovery (ESS-D0E1B5 / 2017 T301).   Description Dimensions   1 Incomplete copper-alloy socketed axe with flared blade edges. Two raised ridges are present on the upper and lower surfa…
Created on: Thursday 28th June 2018
Last updated: Thursday 27th July 2023
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-BB59D5
Object type: CHISEL
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
Copper-alloy cast chisel of probable Bronze Age date (c. 2350 - 801BC). The item is composed of a waisted portion with a curved end comprising the chisel edge, and a tapering square sectioned length emerging from the opposite side. The joint between the emergent square sectioned length and the chisel 'body' is the thickest part of the item. Dimensions: weight: 9.5g, length: 41.9mm, width: 12.2mm, thickness: 9.8mm
Created on: Thursday 21st June 2018
Last updated: Thursday 19th July 2018
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-1A7A76
Object type: SPEARHEAD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
A fragment of a Bronze Age spear head dating to 1500BC to 800BC. Only the tip of the spear head remains and is sub-triangular in plan and profile. The edges have sustained damage and the break appears not to be recent. The item is triangular in shape. The mid portion of the spear is cylindrical in section, and there are two triangular sectioned flanges that protrude at each side to prodice the sharp blade edges. The spear tapers to a point, and the breakage is at the opposite end. The surface patina is a light brown with patches of green, and the inside (seen through the breakage…
Created on: Tuesday 8th May 2018
Last updated: Thursday 26th March 2020
No spatial data available.

Record ID: ESS-17C46C
Object type: PALSTAVE
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
Fragmentary copper-alloy palstave axe dating from the Middle Bronze Age c. 1500 - 1000 BC. The axe retains part of the blade and stop-ridge. The blade is lentoid in section and sub-rectangular in shape, flaring outwards nearer the blade edge. The blade edge is now missing. The stop-ridge is rectangular in shape, though the depression in one face is deeper than the other. The butt portion of the axe is also missing. The thickest portion of the item is the junction between blade and stop-ridge where flanges rise to meet at the centre. The surface is very worn and the axe app…
Created on: Tuesday 8th May 2018
Last updated: Thursday 7th June 2018
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-975247
Object type: BEAD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
Bronze age copper alloy bead, bi-conical in cross section with a central circular hole. The surface patina is generally smooth and light brown in colour, with some patches of wear Similar in form to SUSS-0C04D4, SUSS-3278C4 and BH-3A6E57. Dimensions weight: 10.13g diameter: 19mm thickness: 10.3mm
Created on: Wednesday 2nd May 2018
Last updated: Monday 3rd February 2020
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'South Woodham Ferrers', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: ESS-633FBE
Object type: LITHIC IMPLEMENT
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
Lithic flake implement of probable Bronze Age date c. 2500 - 800BC. The implement is composed of dark grey flint with mottled light grey inclusions. The flake is irregularly shaped and was knapped from a larger core or nodule. Despite the long edge being thin and sharp, there is limited evidence of retouch along the edge which would suggest refinement of the working edge. The flake was likely knapped via hard hammer technique as the curving fracture scar on the ventral face suggests that it was removed with significant force and perhaps with limited precision. There is evi…
Created on: Wednesday 10th January 2018
Last updated: Monday 15th January 2018
No spatial data available.

Record ID: ESS-DB51A6
Object type: SPEARHEAD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
Workflow stage: Published
Cast copper-alloy Bronze Age socketed spear head fragment. Broken along the vertical plane through the centre of the socket and blade, the remaining spear fragment is compose of one half of the likely original artefact. Dating from the Middle to Late Bronze Age c. 1500 - 800 BC. The blade and socket is roughly triangular in profile and tapers in thickness from socketed central portion to the thin blade edge. The shape of the item in plan also tapers slightly from a narrow pointed end, which would reflect the blade tip, to a wider portion on the opposite edge. For a simi…
Created on: Thursday 16th November 2017
Last updated: Sunday 6th June 2021
No spatial data available.

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Record ID: ESS-1E4FB6
Object type: HOARD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
Socketed tools 1.Socketed axe fragment. Copper alloy, blade end fragment. Socket filled with soil, undecorated. Dark green patina, one corrosion welt on cutting edge. Faint horizontal and vertical striations on body. Indented near socket end (likely heated and broken up). Length: 54mm. Breadth: 37mm. Socket length: 27mm. Socket breadth: 15mm. Weight: 84.0g. 2. Socketed hammer fragment. Copper alloy, dark green patina, corrosion welts on contact surface. Casting seam well-trimmed. Socket filled with soil. 4mm indent/notch on body. Undecorated. Two faces on contact s…
Created on: Thursday 26th October 2017
Last updated: Friday 12th November 2021
No spatial data available.

Record ID: ESS-79D304
Object type: UNIDENTIFIED OBJECT
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
Cast-copper alloy item of unknown function. On first inspection the artefact appears to be a blade tip, as it is sub-rectangular in shape and tapers in thickness to a point. However, when looking at the item in section, there appear to be sub-spherical cavities inside the item which suggest it was mounted or attached to another object. Based on the surface patina and the composition of the copper-alloy, a suggested date within the Bronze Age is given. Dimensions Length (mm) Width (mm) Thickness (mm) Weight (g) …
Created on: Friday 6th October 2017
Last updated: Monday 1st October 2018
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-1E6591
Object type: AXEHEAD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
Blade tip of a Bronze Age axe. The item is fragmentary and only the curved blade edge of the axe remains. This makes it difficult to identify and date precisely, though it is likely, due to the metal composition and form, that the fragment is Bronze Age in date, c. 2350 - 800BC. The blade tip is lentoid in cross section, with the edges being the thinnest point (1.1mm), and the thickness gradually tapering toward the centre and away from the edge. ​Dimensions: weight: 28.44g, length: 59.1mm, width: 19.6mm, thickness at thickest point: 7.1mm
Created on: Wednesday 2nd August 2017
Last updated: Friday 9th December 2022
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-56EE7A
Object type: CHISEL
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Suffolk
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
The item is possibly a copper-alloy Bronze Age (c. 1500 - 1150BC) small chisel or awl. The blade is square in cross section and tapers to a flat edge. One side of the blade tapers slightly more, making the edge on one side thinner and forming a slight concavity on this side. At the widest end of the blade there is an integral stop ridge which is semi-circular in plan and is partially broken. It would have been fully circular originally. It emerges perpendicular to the blade and tang, and is about 1.6mm thick. The blade protrudes from the centre of the face of this stop ridge on one f…
Created on: Wednesday 24th May 2017
Last updated: Tuesday 30th May 2017
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Holbrook', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: ESS-046731
Object type: PENANNULAR RING
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Published
Description: Gold or gold plated copper alloy, Penannular Ring dating from the Late Bronze Age (c.1150-750 BC). Circular in shape and cross-section with a narrow gap between the terminals which are flat ended. Surface comprising of a bright gold colour with bands of lighter (silver-rich) gold. The ring is likely to have a copper-alloy core as its weight does not suggest it is solid gold. There are also small scratches on the surface of the ring and some cracks on both the flat terminal ends which look to cover a darker metal this could be copper-alloy. Dimensions: Weight: 1.56g,…
Created on: Monday 8th May 2017
Last updated: Wednesday 6th December 2017
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Great Dunmow', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: ESS-D132C4
Object type: HOARD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Published
An addendum to the previously recorded 'Tendring Hoard' (see PAS ref A group of 11 bronze objects found through metal detecting in Tendring, Essex, found in the same area and therefore associated with the Tendring Hoard (2015 T590). 1) sword fragment. A fragment of a copper alloy sword blade. The fragment is from the blade, broken across the blade on both ends, resulting in a slight curved or s-shaped profile in section. The cross section shows a convex middle section which then thins towards each blade edge. The curved cross-section suggests that the fragment stems from the …
Created on: Thursday 30th March 2017
Last updated: Friday 1st December 2023
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-D0E1B5
Object type: HOARD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Published
A hoard of Late Bronze Age metalwork was discovered on two separate occasions while searching with a metal detector. Date: Late Bronze Age, c.1000-700BC Copper alloy items 1.Copper alloy casting debris/ingot. Green patina. Length: 61mm. Breadth: 29mm. Depth: 19mm. Weight: 92g. 2. Copper alloy casting debris/ingot. Green patina. Length: 69mm. Breadth: 23mm. Depth: 17mm. Weight: 69.3g. 3. Copper alloy casting debris/ingot. Green patina. ‘C’ shaped. Protrusions. L: 57mm. B: 23mm. D: 10mm. W:41.8g. 4. Copper alloy casting debris/ingot. …
Created on: Thursday 30th March 2017
Last updated: Tuesday 25th February 2020
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Blackwater Hoard', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: ESS-A81B50
Object type: SOCKETED AXEHEAD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
Fragment of a copper alloy socketed axe likely dating to the late Bronze age, c. 1000 - 800 BC. The fragment is 'C' shaped in cross section and represents a 'corner' piece of the socket from a Bronze Age axe head. There is a moulded ridge on the lip of the socket, as well as another moulded transverse ridge next to this. A casting seem is still visible on the top of the object, both on the outer and inner surfaces. The item has a rough surface and a dark green/grey patina. Due to the fragmentary nature of the find, it is not possible to designate a 'type' to this axe. Dimensi…
Created on: Tuesday 28th March 2017
Last updated: Tuesday 18th July 2017
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Mayland', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: ESS-A769EC
Object type: PALSTAVE
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
Fragment of a copper alloy axe of middle to late Bronze age date (c. 1500 to 1150 BC). The item is rectangular in shape. The butt and the flanged sides remain, whilst the majority of the axe blade is missing. The flanged sides of the axe fragment are parallel to the stop, and the upper and lower faces are concave, forming an 'H' shaped cross section. The item has a rough surface, and a reddish-brown patina all over. It was treated with renaissance wax. Due to the fragmentary nature of the axe, it is not possible to assign a type. Dimensions: weight: 106.61g, length: 70.…
Created on: Tuesday 28th March 2017
Last updated: Tuesday 12th October 2021
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Brentwood', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: ESS-3965F0
Object type: ANVIL
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
Cast copper alloy anvil of probable Bronze Age date, though possibly later. The item consists of a rectangular body, 41.9mm in length, 25.76mm in width and 18.76mm in thickness. The top edge of the body is faceted, with a ridge in the centre and two faces sloping down on either side. When viewed from the side, the body of the anvil is pentagonal in shape. There is a sub rectangular projection on the bottom edge of the body approx. 28.08mm long and 6.93mm thick. This projection is sub-ovoid in cross section, and tapers to become thinner both in width and in thickness toward the end. …
Created on: Thursday 23rd March 2017
Last updated: Friday 31st March 2017
No spatial data available.

Record ID: ESS-28290D
Object type: SOCKETED AXEHEAD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
The blade tip of a bronze age axe blade. The item is broken and only the end or tip of the blade remains. It is made from cast copper alloy. The axe tip is sub-rectangular in shape, with the top and bottom edges of the axe widening slightly to form a sloghtly curved blade tip. The blade tip does not flare out and then back in on itself into the top and bottom edges, suggesting that the blade was a realtively plain and flat design. As none of body of the axe reamains, it is not possible to further identify in which way the item may have been hafted or secured. Dimensions: weight: 51.8…
Created on: Wednesday 22nd March 2017
Last updated: Monday 5th December 2022
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Roxwell', grid reference and parish protected.

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Record ID: ESS-A684CA
Object type: HOARD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
Two more fragments from a Bronze Age metal working hoard, found at the same site as the previously recorded ‘Great Canney Rapier Hoard’. These two finds amount to an addendum to this hoard (ESS-5DF6D2, 2016 T591). One fragment is lozenge shaped in cross section and is largely similar in shape and section to artefact number 12 in the original PAS record (ESS-5DF6D2). One end of this fragment is hollow, showing a circular depression. There is also some water damage present on much of the surface. Weight: 8.95g, length: 20.92mm, width: 13.62mm The other frag…
Created on: Thursday 16th March 2017
Last updated: Thursday 24th June 2021
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Great Canney', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: ESS-800C5F
Object type: CASTING WASTE
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
A lump of casting waste, probably dating to the Late Bronze Age (1500-800BC). The object is formed of a flat circular section with a irregularly shaped lump projecting from one side. As the pattina suggests much of the lump is unbroken, there is no obvious form of object that would be shaped in such a way. The most likely answer would be a cauldron lug, though the object does not curve enough. Dimensions: length: 43.28 mm; width: 53.32 mm; thickness: 24.73 mm; weight: 117.13g.
Created on: Tuesday 13th September 2016
Last updated: Wednesday 14th September 2016
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-5ECCA2
Object type: PENANNULAR RING
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Rutland
Workflow stage: Published
A gold penannular 'lock ring' of Bronze Age date (c. 1150 - 800 BC). The ring is triangular in section with flat terminals. The outer two faces of the object are decorated with a series of ribs (wire work?), whilst the internal face is undecorated. Dimensions: outer diameter: 14.49 mm; inner diameter: 6.35 mm; thickness: 4.45 mm; weight: 4.12g. Gold plated copper alloy rings of a similar shape and style have been processed as Treasure (cf. 2009 T513). As this example is not damaged, exposing an inner core, it is difficult to say whether it is pure gold or gold plated. However…
Created on: Monday 25th July 2016
Last updated: Friday 8th December 2023
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Whissendine', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: ESS-5DF6D2
Object type: HOARD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Published
Description: A hoard of 9 cast copper alloy bronze age metalwork pieces. Most of the pieces are fragmentary remains of 8 - 11 rapiers of both group III and IV. There is also a rod-like item which is lozenge shaped in cross section and could be the reamins of a spearhead, and a hollow subtriangular item with two thin, curing linear protrusions. 1. A cast copper alloy rapier blade of probable Late Bronze Age date. The item is triangular, elongated and thin in shape and the cross section is lozenge shaped with a slightly rounded central portion. The blade is broken and the lower fra…
Created on: Monday 25th July 2016
Last updated: Friday 12th November 2021
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Great Canney', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: ESS-20B4F7
Object type: PALSTAVE
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
Possibly a fragment from the blade end of a Late Bronze Age chisel or the butt of a palstave. The object is wedge shaped, with the narrow (blade?) edge slightly rounded due to wear. As the object is incomplete, it is difficult ot identify accurately, though the patina and shape would suggest a Late Bronze Age date. Diameter: 24mm.
Created on: Friday 22nd July 2016
Last updated: Tuesday 23rd August 2016
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-1E9061
Object type: SOCKETED AXEHEAD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
A fragment of a Late Bronze Age socketed axehead, dating 1,000-800BC. The blade end is all that remains and is damaged along the edge. A trace of the hollow nature of the object is visible at the break. The metal is a dark brown colour with patches of mid-green patina developing in places. Dimensions: length: 29.50 mm; width: 29.61 mm; thickness: 10.19 mm; weight: 16.07g.
Created on: Thursday 28th April 2016
Last updated: Thursday 28th April 2016
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-4B8242
Object type: SWORD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
A fragment of a Late Bronze age sword, probably dating to the Ewart Park phase (1,000-800BC). Only part of the blade survives, being roughly rectangular in shape with a ridge running down the centre on both sides. The object has a mid-dark green patina. The blade edges are very worn and no longer exist. Two similar examples with a lozenge-shaped section are illustrated in Needham & Rohl (1998, 135, fig.37, nos.386-7). Dimensions: length: 41.28 mm; width: 21.97 mm; thickness: 7.21 mm; weight: 19.86g.
Created on: Monday 18th April 2016
Last updated: Friday 22nd April 2016
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-B608B5
Object type: SPEARHEAD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
An incomplete Middle Bronze Age possible spearhead, dating 1500-1150BC. The object is in incredibly poor condition and thus undiagnostic. It appears to have a central ridge, widening towards the lower end of the object, though no trace of a socket is visible. The original shape of the object is uncertain due to corrosion and damage. Peter Reavil (Finds Liaison Officer, Herefordshire & Shropshire) suggests the object may be a spearhead or a rapier blade, though based on the section of the object it is more likely to be a spearhead. In either case it would likely date from 1500 to 1…
Created on: Wednesday 10th February 2016
Last updated: Tuesday 6th June 2023
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-A7B5E4
Object type: SPEARHEAD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Suffolk
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
A Middle Bronze Age socketed spearhead, dating 1600-900BC. The blade is leaf shape with a ridge running down the centre, following the line of the socket. The blade is mostly flat with a roughly 4mm border around the edge where the blade tapers gradually towards the blade edge. The socketed end flares towards the base and has an open circular section for it to be shafted. There are two loops on opposite side of the socketed end in line with the casting seams, only traces of which remain. These loops are slightly flatened on the outside to make them appear lozenge shaped. There is a red…
Created on: Wednesday 23rd December 2015
Last updated: Thursday 1st June 2023
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Wilby', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: ESS-6B238A
Object type: LITHIC IMPLEMENT
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
A natural flake with evidence of retouch, probably dating to the Late Bronze Age (1000-800BC). The object is oval in shape with evidence of short, scaled, semi-abrupt retouch along two of the edges. Kevin Leahey notes that this is likely an "opportunistic" flint made in later Prehistory from natural or re-used flints. Dimensions: length: 91.34 mm; width: 50.82 mm; thickness: 13.20 mm; weight: 77.71g.
Created on: Tuesday 8th December 2015
Last updated: Tuesday 8th December 2015
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-9CEF92
Object type: FLANGED AXEHEAD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
Copper alloy short-flanged axehead, dating to the Middle Bronze Age (1600-1400BC). The butt is rounded with two low side flanges extending upwards, with a lozenge profile. There is a slight stop ridge half way along the axehead where the flanges cease.The blade is not at its orginal length or width due to being worn away through use. The axehead is covered in a green patina. A similar style axehead can be found on the database CORN-F6BDEC The axehead weighs 87.08g, 74.06mm in length, 11.38mm thickness (centre of axehead), 29.86mm width (blade end), 16.98mm width (butt end)
Created on: Monday 16th November 2015
Last updated: Friday 2nd December 2022
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-0DF35D
Object type: SPEARHEAD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Suffolk
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
Incomplete copper alloy socketed spear head, dating to the Middle Bronze Age (c.1500 BC-1150 BC). It has a sub triangular shape with the remains of a blade. The tip of the blade and the bottom of the socket are missing. At the bottom, just above the break on either side are two nodules, possibly the remains of a set of casting loops. The edges of the blade are worn, with a green patina developing in places, especially along the broken edges of the tip and socket. Similar style spearheads are recorded on the database, DENO-3B0107, WILT-B83B8F. Similar looped spearheads have been dated …
Created on: Wednesday 28th October 2015
Last updated: Thursday 1st June 2023
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-B857B6
Object type: INGOT
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
Copper alloy Late Bronze Age ingot, 1000-800 BC. It is plano convex in shape with the surfaces of the ingot rough and uneven. The ingot has sections that are covered in a light green patina. Other examples of Late Bronze Age plano convex ingots can be found on the database SUR-680E49, SUR-9A2783, KENT-585CA7. It is 225 grams. 54mm in length
Created on: Monday 12th October 2015
Last updated: Wednesday 18th November 2015
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-07D636
Object type: SOCKETED AXEHEAD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
A fragment of a Late Bronze age socketed axe head, dating 1000-800 BC. All that remains is part of the rim of the object. There are traces of a loop which has since broken away. A moulded rib runs around the neck of the object. The metal is a light green with a mid-dark brown patina. Dimensions: height: 27.90 mm; width: 25.57 mm; thickness: 5.56 mm; weight; 13.56g.
Created on: Friday 28th August 2015
Last updated: Friday 9th December 2022
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-D96E6E
Object type: FLAT AXEHEAD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
A Copper Alloy Early Bronze Age flat axehead, dating to 2200-2000BC. Migdale type (Schmidt & Burgess, 1981, p 35-44). The axehead is rectangular in shape with the butt being narrow, gradually widening to a flared cutting edge. All edges show signs of damage, though the butt end appears to have broken away. The blade end is also incredibly damaged. There is a light green patina with patches of dark brown corrosion in places. The axehead is similar to the Migdale axes (Schmidt & Burgess, 1981, p 35-44), although many of these have a wider flared cutting edge. A similar object can be …
Created on: Wednesday 26th August 2015
Last updated: Wednesday 30th September 2015
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-73DA0A
Object type: HOARD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Published
The entire assemblage appears to date to the period 1000-800BC, the later part of the Ewart Park phase of metalworking and possibly into the Early Iron Age. Many of the finds are not unusual for Late Bronze Age hoards, though some individual pieces are noteworthy. The presence of later objects, such as 11 and 38, would indicate the hoard is from the transitional phase between Bronze and Iron Age. AXES IDENTIFIABLE AXES 1. An incomplete winged Axe, dating to the Ewart Park phase (950-800BC). All features of the axe are present, though there is some damage at the blade edge and a break …
Created on: Friday 21st August 2015
Last updated: Friday 1st December 2023
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Tendring Hoard', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: ESS-B4F172
Object type: FLAT AXEHEAD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
Incomplete copper alloy Early Bronze age flat axehead, dating 2150 -1500 BC. The butt of the axe head is lost. It starts narrow but gradually widens, resulting in a flared cutting edge. There is a great deal of damage and wear to the axe. The metal is dark green with a patchy light green patina. The object 77mm in length It is a similar form to SWYOR-9EC7C9.
Created on: Wednesday 12th August 2015
Last updated: Thursday 13th August 2015
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-DCFBEA
Object type: HAMMER
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Cambridgeshire
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
An incomplete Middle-Late Bronze Age tool, possibly a hammer, dating 1600-800BC. The object is cylindrical with a domed end and a circular open end. There is a single facet on the object, some of which is no longer visible due to a large section of the object having broken away. The metal is a mid-light green with patches of white discolouration on the outer surface and concreted dirt on parts of the inner surface. The identification of this object being a hammer comes from Elpidia Fregni, who suggested it might be a repousse tool and that it is an unusual item for Britain. Having …
Created on: Thursday 21st May 2015
Last updated: Friday 22nd May 2015
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'South Cambridgeshire', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: ESS-77CE70
Object type: FLANGED AXEHEAD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Published
A fragment of a Middle Bronze Age short-flanged axe, dating 1500-1300 BC. All that remains is the blade end and part of the body. The object flares towards the blade edge, which is crescent shaped. Although there is some damage to the corners of the blade, it is unlikely to have extended further outwards like some examples of this type. There is a slight ridge running down the centre of the object on both sides. The shape of the body on both sides, formed by the ridge, curves upwards at the edges of the object. This would suggest that there were flanges further along. The object has a…
Created on: Wednesday 22nd April 2015
Last updated: Thursday 27th May 2021
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Stanway', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: ESS-F8865B
Object type: HOARD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
A Late Bronze Age metalworking hoard, dating 1,000-800 BC. Axes 1.1. A Ewart Park socketed Socketed axe head Copper alloy Late Bronze Age socketed axe of Needham's (1990, 28) Class A (South-eastern) type A1Plain. The axe-head is formed of a rectangular double collared mouth, the upper collar being thickest, leading to a rectangular sectioned body which flares and tapers to the blade edge. There are casting seams on both sides, with the loop following the line of the seam on one side. The loop is connected to the lower collar of the mouth. The object has a dark green patination, …
Created on: Thursday 16th April 2015
Last updated: Thursday 7th July 2016
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Blackwater Hoard', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: ESS-C0585A
Object type: CHISEL
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
An fragment of a possible Late Bronze Age copper alloy chisel, dating 1000-700BC. The object is sub-rectangular in shape, tapering slightly from one end to the other. The object would have been hollow, as only part of it remains showing one face and part of one other face. The object has a mid-dark green pattination across the surface and is rather worn considerably worn along the breaks. A similar though more decorative example has been recorded on the PAS database (DOR-EE8574). The example on the database is Late Bronze Age in date, making it likely that this object is of a simil…
Created on: Wednesday 1st April 2015
Last updated: Friday 17th April 2015
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-F3CFF5
Object type: SPEARHEAD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
An incomplete Middle Bronze Age copper alloy socketed spear-head, dating 1500-1150 BC. The blade is leaf shaped, though the edges are incredibly worn and the tip is missing. Below the blade is a cylindrical shaft which flares towards the base. Midway along the shaft, on either side, are traces of two sideloops. The base is also incredibly worn. The entire object has a dark green patintion with patches of dark brown. A few similar examples can be seen on the PAS database, cf.HESH-218915.Similar looped spearheads have been dated by Margaret Ehrenberg to the Middle Bronze Age specificall…
Created on: Thursday 26th February 2015
Last updated: Wednesday 21st June 2023
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-A35964
Object type: SOCKETED AXEHEAD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
A fragment of a Late Bronze Age copper alloy socketed axe, dating 1000-800 BC. Only part of the rim and the loop remain. The casting seam is still visible running along the line of the loop. The object has a mid brownpatinawith light green corrosion exposed in places. Due to the state of preservation it is impossible to attribute a specific type of axe to this object. Dimensions: length: 40.80 mm; width: 19.41 mm; thickness: 11.92 mm; weight: 17.15g.
Created on: Tuesday 10th February 2015
Last updated: Monday 5th December 2022
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-7D18D8
Object type: FLAT AXEHEAD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
A possible Bronze Age copper alloy developed flat axe, possibly from the Bandon type (Schmidt and Burgess, 1981, 65-7) and dating 1900 - 1700BC. The axe has a broad head, tapering to a narrown butt. The axe is very worn so some features may no longer be visible. There are possibly traces of a flange along the wings of the axe. The axe has a mid-light green pattination. Dimensions: length: 91.82 mm; width: 43.42 mm; thickness: 10.18 mm; weight: 136.08g.
Created on: Thursday 15th January 2015
Last updated: Monday 5th December 2022
No spatial data available.

Record ID: ESS-00A993
Object type: HOARD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Published
2012 T615- Hoard from Mid Essex [Addendum to cases: 2005 T299 and 2006 T562] Circumstances of Discovery On the 20th August 2012, a group of six object(four copper alloy objects and two joining fragments of sheet gold) were discovered through metal detecting on cultivated land, after deep-ploughing. The finds comprised of: two joining fragments of gold sheet, two cast copper alloy rings and two fragments of copper-alloy casting residue/ingot (one of which is possibly a casting jet or casting residue). Description 1-2. Two,small, joining fragments of curved gold sheet, undec…
Created on: Tuesday 17th June 2014
Last updated: Monday 4th December 2017
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Mid Essex', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: ESS-F9FF61
Object type: SOCKETED AXEHEAD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
An incomplete cast copper-alloy socketed axehead of Late Bronze Age date. Only the blade part survives intact. It is triangular in profile, rectangular in form with a crescentic blade that expands beyond the sides of the axe. It measures 31mm.
Created on: Tuesday 29th April 2014
Last updated: Wednesday 28th May 2014
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-C0C162
Object type: PENANNULAR RING
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Published
Crushed and distorted gold lock ring. Triangular in section, the ring has one plain sheet gold face and two faces comprising twisted gold wires probably joined by soldering (see scientific report). The sheet gold is folded at the terminals to form the side-plates. The ring is hollow. Non-destructive X-ray fluorescence analysis of the surface of the wire lock ring by the British Museum's Scientific Research section indicated a surface composition for the sheet gold face of approximately 86% gold, 11% silver and 3% copper. The sheet gold is folded at its ends to form the triangular e…
Created on: Friday 21st March 2014
Last updated: Wednesday 6th December 2017
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'East Colchester Area', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: ESS-71DFE4
Object type: PENANNULAR RING
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Published
1. Ring. Gold ring appearing to have been soldered together from two separate bands. Both bands have a D-sectioned profile and their terminals overlap for c.2mm. There are a number of small scuffs and scratches to the surface of the ring. Dimensions: Width (of ring): 9mm; Width of individual band: 4.5mm; Diameter (ext.) (max.): 13.5mm; Diameter (ext.) (min.): 12mm; Diameter (int.): 9mm; Thickness: 1mm. 2. Ring. Gold ring appearing to have been soldered together from two separate bands. Both bands have a D-sectioned profile, their terminals do not meet and are c.1mm apart. Dimensions…
Created on: Monday 17th March 2014
Last updated: Thursday 21st March 2024
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Great Totham Area', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: ESS-47AA02
Object type: SOCKETED AXEHEAD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
An almost complete, copper alloy axehead dating to the Bronze Age. The axehead is broadly rectangular in plan, expanding in width at the cutting edge. The socket is rectangular and has an old, worn break. The surface is now a dark gray and has suffered loss of surface, with a bright green patina in th damaged areas. It measures 59.8mm in length and 17.6mm in thickness. It is 38.1mm in width at the cutting edge and 28.3mm at the body. It weighs 94.76g.
Created on: Monday 3rd March 2014
Last updated: Friday 2nd December 2022
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-EECB15
Object type: HOARD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Published
Five fragments of 'bun' ingots were discovered in September 2013. The fragments were discovered in the course of metal detecting. A fragment of a copper-alloy 'Knee' Brooch of Late Iron Age or Roman in date was also discovered by the finders but does not form part of the Treasure case. It is recorded below as a non-associated find. Description 1. Fragment of 'bun' ingot A large fragment of copper alloy 'bun' ingot approx. pyramid in form with darker patches of green copper corrosion. Dimensions: Height: 34.7mm; Width: 67.8mm; Max thickness: 35.5mm; Weight: 218.2g 2.…
Created on: Monday 16th December 2013
Last updated: Monday 4th December 2017
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Langford Area', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: ESS-9BAEC6
Object type: HOARD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Cambridgeshire
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
1.) Tip of blade Copper alloy. Possibly from a Late Bronze Age leaf-shaped sword. The tip of the fragment is bent in one direction, the breaks are old and the patina is a dark green colour with lighter patches. : Width: 15.1mm; Length: 24.2mm; Max. thickness: 5.4mm; Weight: 4.7g 2.) Fragment of socketed instrument Copper alloy. Fragment (with ancient breaks) from socket collar and body of a socketed tool. Dark green patina. : Surface area of (max.) 26.1mm by 15mm, Max. thickness: 4.6mm; Weight: 4.7g 3.) Fragment of object of uncertain type/period Copper alloy. Cu…
Created on: Thursday 12th December 2013
Last updated: Monday 4th December 2017
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'South Cambridgeshire', grid reference and parish protected.