NLM-AF06D1: SCRAPER (TOOL)
Mid-grey opaque flint scraper. A tiny plano-convex object with covering angled scalar retouch across its dorsal side and a flat ventral surface. Battered around the meeting of the flat and convex surfaces. Suggested date: Early Bronze Age, 2350-1600 BC Width: 15.0mm, Height: 12.2mm, Thickness: 6.7mm, Weight: 1.48gms
Stable URI: https://finds.org.uk/database/artefacts/record/id/1156538

NLM-2BE6E4: SPEARHEAD
Copper alloy spearhead fragment. Fragment of the tip of a Bronze Age spear. Davis (2015: 162) dates hollow blade form spearheads to the Wiburton period with some examples also appearing in the Ewart Park Phase c.1125-800 cal BC. Length: 47.4mm, Width: 21.2mm, Thickness: 7.8mm, Weight: 13.05gms
Stable URI: https://finds.org.uk/database/artefacts/record/id/1155460

NLM-8CBDE6: SOCKETED AXEHEAD
Copper alloy socketed axe fragment. Cast corner from the mouth of a socketed axe-head, with a rounded rib passing round the outside of the mouth of the socket; fiercely abraded. What remains indicates a squarish socket in excess of 11.5mm by 21mm. Suggested date: Late Bronze Age, 1000-800 BC Length (along axehead): 20.5mm, Height: 28.8mm, Thickness: 5.4mm, Weight: 18.34gms
Stable URI: https://finds.org.uk/database/artefacts/record/id/1147792

NLM-CC10AC: SOCKETED AXEHEAD
Copper alloy probable socketed axe-head fragment. The edge of a crescentic cutting edge from a copper alloy axe-head, most likely of socketed form – the latest type. Diagonal striations on one side of the blade may arise from its sharpening, suggesting this may have broken away - perhaps on a casting flaw - from an axe that was in use. Suggested date: Late Bronze Age, 1000-800 Length/Height: 31.5mm, Width/Length along axe: 9.2mm, Thickness: 6mm, Weight: 4.94gms

NLM-7E3DCD: SPEARHEAD
Copper alloy spearhead fragment. Tip of a cast spearhead of lozenge section, melted at its proximal end where the tip of the central hollow casting appears. Suggested date: Middle to late Bronze Age, 1500-800BC Length: 26.3mm, Width: 16.9mm, Thickness: 6.6mm, Weight: 6.92gms

NLM-FB76A5: SPEARHEAD
An incomplete cast copper alloy side looped spearhead fragment. A small cast and slightly tapered socket with opposed loops of length 11mm near its upper narrower end, both now worn or broken to paired stubs. The socket mouth [chipped] is of estimated diameter 15.4mm and the diameter at the broken upper end is 10.7mm. Davis 2012 dates these forms to c. 1500-1000 cal BC. Length: 36.9mm, Thickness (wall, clear of loops): 1.5mm, Weight: 10.40gms

NLM-C1C946: FABRICATOR
Grey flint possible fabricator. A knapped flint implement with two broad flakes struck from its dorsal side and a flat rippled ventral surface with a tiny striking platform at one end. Short abrupt retouch executed from the ventral aspect follows one long edge of a triangular-section object; other marks along the arises between faces are from fortuitous edge-on impacts. Suggested date: Early Bronze Age, 2350-1600BC Length: 62mm, Width: 25.6mm, Thickness: 15.2mm, Weight: 24.18gms

NLM-B4B274: SCRAPER (TOOL)
Dark grey flint scraper. A thumbnail scraper with a single convex flake struck from the dorsal side to afford a thumb rest, and with a bulbar ventral surface. Short abrupt retouch executed from the dorsal aspect follows the curving edge. Suggested date: Early Bronze Age, 2350-1600 BC Length: 28.3mm, Width: 24.7mm, Thickness: 7.9mm, Weight: 7.00gms

NLM-E5F19C: BARBED AND TANGED ARROWHEAD
Flint barbed and tanged arrowhead. Barbed and tanged arrowhead. Retouched on bulb on back. Suggested date: Early Bronze Age, 2350-1600 BC. Length: 33.5mm, Width: 22.2mm, Thickness: 4.6mm, Weight: 2.64gms

NLM-42C139: BARBED AND TANGED ARROWHEAD
Fragment of a barbed and tanged arrowhead. Suggested date: Early Bronze age, 2350-1600 BC Length: 22.6mm, Width: 20.7mm, Thickness: 3.6mm, Weight: 1.50gms

NLM-3E136B: BARBED AND TANGED ARROWHEAD
Flint barbed and tanged arrowhead - source record advances date of c.1800 BC. Suggested date: Early Bronze Age, 2350-1600 Length: 32.9mm, Width: 22.5mm, Thickness: 4.7mm, Weight: 2.72gms

NLM-D8ABBF: SCRAPER (TOOL)
Pale grey flint possible scraper. A thin flake with opposed concave edges with fine serrations that are more readily felt than observed, and a third concave side, all probably worn by passing use as a possibly improvised ‘shaft straightener’ or hollow scraper. Suggested date: Early Bronze Age, 2350-1600 BC Length: 26.6mm, Width: 25.3mm, Thickness: 5.5mm, Weight: 2.84gms

NLM-D88A87: SCRAPER (TOOL)
Pale grey flint possible scraper. A naturally frost-formed pot lid fractured flake with broad flakes struck from its dorsal side and short abrupt retouch executed from its bulbar ventral aspect forming or following a slight hollow on one side. Suggested date: Early Bronze Age, 2350-1600 BC Length: 21.2mm, Width: 26mm, Thickness: 8mm, Weight: 4.57gms

NLM-C485B1: SCRAPER (TOOL)
Grey-brown flint with re-formed cortex possible hollow scraper. A thin irregular flake with a broad flake struck from the re-cortified dorsal surface. Short abrupt retouch executed from the ventral aspect may have formed or finished a curved notch apt to the trimming of a shaft. Iron spotting suggests the flint had been incorporated into gravels, perhaps before it was worked as here described. Suggested date: possibly Late Bronze Age, 2350-1600 BC Length: 32.9mm, Width: 32.8mm, Thickness: 8.1mm, Weight: 7.30gms

NLM-C3BD07: SCRAPER (TOOL)
Pale grey opaque flint with cortex, scraper. A thick chunk from the end of a nodule, probably split as a preliminary stage of working. A granular cortex is trimmed by short abrupt retouch executed from the dorsal aspect, following one long edge. Suggested date: Early Bronze Age, 2350-1600 BC Length: 49.6mm, Width: 31.5mm, Thickness: 22.9mm, Weight: 38.31gms

NLM-5D2093: POINT
Dark grey flint possibly collected from the East Coast, possible point. A thick dentiform chunk bears a concave scar on its dorsal side, and ripples arising from the same impact on its ventral surface. A powdery ?marine-deposited patina? was removed by this draft, and also by short abrupt retouch executed from the dorsal aspect which follows a sub-triangular projecting point. The appearance of retouch along a long edge may be misleading, as most of the scars appear to result from edge-on impacts. The fresh condition of the flint is also much as would be found today on East Coast beaches, so if an ancient piece it had perhaps been incorporated into a sealed deposit shortly after its retouching. Suggested date: possibly Bronze Age, 2350-800BC Length: 66.9mm, Width: 50mm, Thickness: 18.8mm, Weight: 66.43gms

NLM-222B5C: SCRAPER (TOOL)
Opaque grey flint with ‘sandy-looking’ surface patch suggesting it may have been collected from the East Coast, scraper. Thick flake with a broad flake removal scar with a positive hinge fracture at one end on its ventral surface, forming a thumb rest area, and with angled scalar retouch executed from the ventral aspect following one long edge as a working edge. Invasive angled scalar retouch executed from the dorsal aspect also trims one end and one corner. Suggested date: Early Bronze Age, 2350-1600 BC Length: 47mm, Width: 38.4mm, Thickness: 15.2mm, Weight: 34.49gms

NLM-A4ABE6: SWORD
Green copper alloy possible sword blade fragment. Fragment of a Bronze Age blade, very worn. Suggested date: Late Bronze Age, 1000-800BC Length: 48.2mm, Width: 20.9mm, Thickness: 2.8mm, Weight: 11.47gms

NLM-913577: PLANO CONVEX KNIFE
Brown with white speckles, flint, plano-convex knife. Suggested date: Early Bronze age, 2350-1600 BC Length: 37.1mm, Width: 16.4mm, Thickness: 4.3mm, Weight: 4.51gms

NLM-9E1424: BARBED AND TANGED ARROWHEAD
Light brown flint probable barbed and tanged arrowhead. Described simply as a neolithic arrowhead by source record. Suggested date: Early Bronze Age, 2350-1600 BC

NLM-8A81BE: SPEARHEAD
Dark brown copper alloy spear head fragment. Tip only of a very profiled spear head, broken at both ends. Suggested date: Middle Bronze Age, 1600-1000 BC Length: 51.8mm, Width: 21.6mm, Thickness: 8.2mm, Weight: 15.77gms

NLM-8A280B: BARBED AND TANGED ARROWHEAD
Flint barbed and tanged arrowhead. Suggested date: Early Bronze Age, 2350-1600 BC. Length: 36.5mm, Width: 17.5mm, Thickness: 7.5mm, Weight: 4.77gms

NLM-897655: SCABBARD
Dark green copper alloy scabbard chape. Purse shaped sword chape. Suggested date: Late Bronze Age, 900-800 BC. Height: 30mm, Width: 47.8mm, Thickness: 11.6mm, Weight: 29.71gms

NLM-C9ECB2: SCRAPER (TOOL)
Dark grey flint scraper. A thumbnail scraper, as kindly identified by the finder, with covering angled scalar retouch across the dorsal side and with a bulb at one end of the ventral surface. Light scalar retouch at the bulb was executed from the ventral aspect, next to a striking platform at that edge. The flint retains its dark colour, perhaps hinting at the recent exposure of this object from a sealed context. Suggested date: Early Bronze Age, 2350-1600 BC Length: 26mm, Width: 24.1mm, Thickness: 10.2mm, Weight: 6.46gms

NLM-E0ADCE: PLANO CONVEX KNIFE
Flint plano-convex knife. Suggested date: Early Bronze Age, 2350-1600 BC Length: 48.5mm, Width: 19.6mm, Thickness: 3.6mm, Weight: 11.58gms

NLM-B90D69: SWORD
Green copper alloy with some corrosion, sword blade fragment. Suggested date: Late Bronze Age, 1000-800BC Length: 37.5mm, Width: 27.5mm, Thickness: 5.9mm, Weight: 24.74gms

NLM-B8E191: SOCKETED AXEHEAD
Copper alloy socketed axe. Cast with linear patterns and hollow socket, single loop. Suggested date: Late Bronze Age, 1000-800BC Length: 82.9mm, Width: 48.1mm, Thickness: 6mm This socketed axehead, having three widely spaced fine ribs running roughly half the axe’s length below a prominent collar fits the main characteristics of Yorkshire type axeheads as described by Schmidt and Burgess (1981: 223) first defined by Fox (1933L 158: 1959, 71). Similarly this is a relatively short, squat form which also separates these from other ridged varieties (see examples illustrated by Schmidt and Burgess 1981: plates 89-99). They suggest these date to the Ewart Park phase of the Bronze Age (c.950-800 cal bc) and did not survive into the Llyn Fawr period. (ibid: 237-8). Similar examples on the database include SWYOR-CAB4F0, DUR-1D7899 and NLM-56E601 alongside numerous examples from the Driffield Hoard (YORYM-D028FE)

NLM-B85DB1: SOCKETED AXEHEAD
Green copper alloy cast socketed axe fragment, from the mouth of the socket. Suggested date: Late Bronze Age, 1000-800BC Length: 21.9mm, Width: 29.3mm, Thickness: 6.8mm, Weight: 12.30gms

NLM-9140B9: VESSEL
Pottery. Pale purple-grey fabric with abundant black flecks to length 1.5mm, probably from the Coal Measures, possibly from a handmade vessel; everted rim sherd with two faint lines below the rim externally. Fiercely abraded. An even earlier date might be offered were not the mere survival of this sherd indicative of a harder firing than might be expected of clamp-fired pottery. Suggested date: Iron Age, 800BC-AD42 Height: 17.8, Weight: 4.73gms

NLM-B32197: SPEARHEAD
Deark green copper alloy spearhead, corroded. Very mangled remains of a spear head. Suggested date: Middle to Late Bronze Age, 1600-800BC Length: 41.7mm, Width: 19mm, Thickness: 3.4mm, Weight: 6.75gms

NLM-4E10D1: SPEARHEAD
Leaf shaped spearhead, socket end not preserved. Suggested date: Middle Bronze Age, 1400-1000BC. Length [from drawing]: 75mm

NLM-36A322: FLANGED AXEHEAD
Flat flanged axe, flared cutting edge. Suggested date: Early to Middle Bronze Age, 1800-1400 BC. Length [from drawing]: 105mm

NLM-36864C: SOCKETED AXEHEAD
Copper alloy axe fragment. Crescentic cutting end of a cast bronze axe. Found among the stones from a potato picking machine. Suggested date: Bronze Age, 1500-800BC Length [from drawing]: 42mm

NLM-2E04AE: SPEARHEAD
Copper alloy possible spearhead fragment. Cast ogival lentoid-section tip from a blade; here considered as possibly broken from a light spearhead. Suggested date: Late Bronze Age, 1000-800BC Length: 17.6mm, Width: 8.4mm, Thickness: 1.8mm, Weight: 0.95gms

NLM-CB4F0D: SCRAPER (TOOL)
Grey-buff flint with cortex, possibly collected from the East Coast, scraper. A thick oval flake with broad flakes struck by hard hammer from the dorsal side, and with multangular covering scalar retouch across a bulbar ventral surface. Suggested date: Early Bronze Age, 2350-1600 BC. Length: 38.1mm, Width: 41.1mm, Thickness: 15.3mm, Weight: 25.03gms

NLM-3DD10C: CASTING WASTE
Copper alloy (bronze) casting waste of uncertain date; most probably Mid - Late Bronze Age (1500-700 BC). However, due to the lack of context and the continuation of casting styles this artefact could be dated from Bronze Age - Roman period (c. 1500 BC - 450 AD). This fragment is from the neck (funnel / well) of a composite probably two part mould. The casting waste is conical; being oval in plan and D shaped in cross section. In profile the edges of the waste taper relatively evenly. The base of the casting waste is irregular with the remains of two runners / casting jets being present. These jets / runners are heavily abraded. The sides show no evidence of casting seams although they are also similarly abraded. The upper surface is pitted and rough, although heavily patinated: at the centre of the upper surface is a slight depression. This surface is commonly seen where the metal is poured into the neck of the mould and shrinks on cooling. The casting waste is a mid green colour with a slight mid grey coloured corrosion product present in several areas. Casting waste is very hard to date in isolation but the patina and form might suggest a Bronze Age - Roman date. The fact that this mould comes to an oval broken edge may suggest that it was for casting a palstave or possibly a tool; it is most likely to date from the Middle Bronze Age. A direct comparison has not been found. The survival of casting waste is relatively rare as it is usually recycled swiftly as a bi-product of casting. Length: 29.1mm, Width: 28.7mm, Thickness: 19.5mm, Weight: 50.93gms

NLM-81761C: SCRAPER (TOOL)
Grey flint, possibly collected from the East coast, scraper. A small flake with broad flakes trimmed from its dorsal side and with a bulbar ventral surface with a striking platform at its edge. Invasive angled scalar retouch executed from the dorsal aspect follows a curving edge to produce a thumbnail scraper, using the platform as its butt. Unlike other material reported from the vicinity, this does not bear any surface patina. Suggested date: Early Bronze Age, 2350-1600 Length: 22.4mm, Width: 26.2mm, Thickness: 8.5mm, Weight: 5.19gms

NLM-8152E8: DEBITAGE
Pale grey flint, appearing brownish under transmitted light, debitage. A tiny oval flake with broad and narrow flakes struck from its dorsal side. A small striking platform at one end, and a bulb on the ventral surface. Short abrupt retouch executed from the dorsal aspect follows one end edge; an adjacent long curving edge is so finely serrated or chipped that this is discernible only by touch. Unlike accompanying flints, this object does not bear surface patina. Suggested date: Early Bronze Age, 2350-1600 BC Length: 14.1mm, Width: 11.3mm, Thickness: 3.1mm, Weight: 0.59gms

NLM-811759: DEBITAGE
Grey flint, appearing brown under transmitted light, debitage. A tiny lightly concavo-convex flake, possibly detached by a natural pot lid fracture; with broad and narrow flakes struck from its dorsal side and with a bulbar ventral surface. Short abrupt retouch follows one curved edge. Possibly subsequently chipped. Unlike accompanying material from the immediate vicinity, this object does not bear a surface patina. Suggested date: Early Bronze Age, 2350-1600 BC Length: 18mm, Width: 15.3mm, Thickness: 4.9mm, Weight: 1.71gms

NLM-806C45: LITHIC IMPLEMENT
Toffee-coloured brown flint with cortex, possible lithic implement. A small irregularly bar-shaped chunk with [now] rounded ends; with broad flakes struck by hard hammer from its dorsal side and a nearly flat ventral surface. Long angled retouch executed from the dorsal aspect produced a curved surface at one end, and a negative hinge fracture on the dorsal side also provides a thumb rest which would permit pressure to be exerted on either end of the putative tool. Small chips arising on one long edge were, however, probably fortuitously formed by edge-on impacts. Suggested date: Early Bronze Age, 2350-1600 BC Length: 80mm, Width: 34.7mm, Thickness: 19.2mm, Weight: 50.09gms

NLM-3F5A73: DEBITAGE
Grey-brown flint with cortex, debitage. A thick flake with a broad flake struck from its dorsal side and with broad parallel flakes struck from its convex ventral surface. Two or three draughts of angled scalar retouch executed from the dorsal aspect appear at one end of the object, and the same edge is lightly battered. The form of the flint recalls that of a naturally formed pot lid fracture, though this may have been adapted; improvised or casual use may be represented. Suggested date: Bronze Age, 2350-800 BC. Length: 53.1mm, Width: 37.8mm, Thickness: 14.4mm, Weight: 28.87gms

NLM-7CDDD3: SOCKETED AXEHEAD
Copper alloy socketed axe head. Cast socketed single looped axe head, lightly flared towards its crescentic curved cutting edge. The plain narrower upper and lower sides each bear a clear central mould line; the other broader sides are flat and plain. At c.50mm in from the cutting edge, narrow grooves of width c.4.5mm appear at the arises where flat sides meet, and these continue until 5mm before the edge of the socket. This appears square with rounded corners externally, framing a rounded aperture measuring 27mm in both directions and with a thickened triangular section border. A single loop of length 17.5mm, width 6.5mm and height [i.e. protrusion] 7mm is set on one narrower side adjacent to the socket, with the mould line noted above continuing along it. Most of the object bears an appealing brownish patina; this has suffered only limited disruption by localised damage on one broader side, and is more extensively removed from the other, where a deeper dent also appears, presumably the result of plough strike. A chocolate brown material with an orange tinted stain where it is lost appears around the inner side of the mouth of the socket, and might even represent the otherwise decayed wood of a haft. The cutting edge remains sharp. The thickened socket mouth, which is amply reinforced at the point which would receive more stress than any other, adds to the general impression of a viable tool which remained fully functional at the time of its deposition. Suggested date: Late Bronze Age, 1000-800 BC. Length: 101mm, Height (at cutting edge): 51.4mm, Width (at mouth of socket): 36.5mm, Thickness (at mouth of socket): 5.9mm, Weight: c.230gms

NLM-1B7C6B: SCRAPER (TOOL)
Grey flint with cortex scraper. A large oval flake with broad flakes struck from its dorsal side by multangular hard hammer strike. The ventral surface is smooth and slightly concave. Short abrupt retouch executed from the dorsal aspect follows a part of the curved edge, opposite either a striking platform or a flat butt. Misty patina has developed over all struck surfaces, suggesting the object has endured a period of exposure to a calcareous environment after its deposition. Where this is interrupted, it is by slight adventitious impacts. Suggested date: Early Bronze Age, 2350-1600 BC. Length: 42.1mm, Width: 40mm, Thickness: 12mm, Weight: 25.19gms

NLM-CD7254: AXEHEAD
Copper alloy axe head fragment. A tiny chip from the end of the cutting edge of a cast axe head, possibly parted from its matrix at the site of a casting flaw. The cutting edge was crescentic with abrupt ends, though too little remains to firmly ascribe this scrap to a particular type. Suggested date: Middle to Late Bronze Age, 1600-800 BC. Height: 18.2mm, Width: 9.5mm, Thickness: 5mm, Weight: 2.59gms

NLM-CD5186: SCRAPER (TOOL)
Brown flint with cortex spot, scraper. A tiny thumbnail scraper with narrow flakes trimmed from its dorsal side and with a concave ventral surface. Short abrupt retouch executed from the dorsal aspect follows a curved edge. Suggested date: Early Bronze Age, 2350-1600 BC. Length: 15.3mm, Width: 16.4mm, Thickness: 5.4mm, Weight: 1.49gms

NLM-6C8397: SWORD
Copper alloy sword fragment. Cast fragment of a long narrow leaf-shaped blade, from towards its tip. A flattened rhomboid section at the narrower end of the fragment is rendered lentoid at the wider end by the rubbing down in antiquity of the aris between the sides of the blade on both its sides. The cutting edges remain sharp. Suggested date: Late Bronze Age, 1000-800 BC. Length: 30.6mm, Width: 18.3mm, Thickness: 3.7mm, Weight: 6.61gms

NLM-9ED85B: SCRAPER (TOOL)
Dark grey-green flint with cortex spots; possible scraper. A thick chunk with broad flakes removed by hard hammer working towards one end, which has sustained light battering thereafter. Suggested date: Early Bronze Age, 2350-1600 BC. Length: 46.5mm, Width: 30.3mm, Thickness: 19mm, Weight: 26.89gms

NLM-9DCB7B: CORE
Dark grey flint with cortex; possible core. A long chunk with large flakes removed from three of its four sides by hard hammer strike. The aris between adjacent faces is crisp, and only a small pot lid fracture and a larger conchoidal scar appear to post-date the putative evidence for working. This may argue the recent exposure of this object. Suggested date: Early Bronze Age, 2350-1600 BC. Height: 62.7mm, Width: 36.6mm, Thickness: 20.9mm, Weight: 55.86gms

NLM-8ABDF2: SCRAPER (TOOL)
Black flint possible scraper. A large thick flake with broad flakes struck from its dorsal side by angled hard hammer strike, and with a bulbar ventral surface. A putative working edge [top] is battered. Conchoidal fractures and other edge damage may be naturally formed as these are common on unworked flints from the vicinity. Suggested date: Early Bronze Age, 2350-1600 BC. Length: 51.9mm, Width: 46.4mm, Thickness: 10.6mm, Weight: 35.32gms

NLM-3694E4: SCRAPER (TOOL)
Dark grey flint, appearing brown under transmitted light, with cortex; scraper. A small thick flake with a long flake trimmed along one edge of the dorsal side and with a bulbar ventral surface. Short abrupt retouch executed from the dorsal aspect follows the curved end. Suggested date: Early Bronze Age, 2350-1600 BC. Length: 29.9mm, Width: 22mm, Thickness: 8.8mm, Weight: 6.28gms

NLM-0949CC: SCRAPER (TOOL)
Dark grey flint with cortex possible scraper. Thick conical chunk with cortex trimmed in broad flakes by hard hammer strike from the dorsal side, and with a concave ventral surface. White milky patina has developed over all struck surfaces, suggesting a period of exposure to a calcareous environment. Suggested date: Early Bronze Age, 2350-1600 BC. Diameter: 32.3mm, Thickness: 13.9mm, Weight: 13.51gms.

NLM-0928EC: LITHIC IMPLEMENT
Red-brown flint lithic implement. A thick flake with a sub-triangular point at one end. The dorsal side bears the rippled scar from the removal of a large flake by hard hammer strike; the ventral surface is flat. Short angled retouch executed from the dorsal aspect follows the longest curving edge. This is limited by one of the slightly concave sides of a worn point, suggesting use of that part of the object as a borer. The opposite edge to the point bears possibly angled scalar retouch executed from the ventral aspect, though some or all of these shallow scars may be the result of fortuitous edge-on impacts. Suggested date: Early Bronze Age, 2350-1600 BC. Length: 36.3mm, Width: 25.7mm, Thickness: 7.9mm, Weight: 10.14gms.

NLM-9B754B: SCRAPER (TOOL)
Grey flint with cortex spot, scraper. A small thumbnail scraper with covering angled scalar retouch across the dorsal side and with a bulbar ventral surface. A spot of cortex is retained at the butt. The cutting edge has been finished with very short abrupt retouch executed from the dorsal aspect which follows its curve. Suggested date: Early Bronze Age, 2350-1600 BC. Length: 21.7mm, Width: 22.7mm, Thickness: 9.2mm, Weight: 4.94gms

NLM-8C6C44: SWORD
Copper alloy sword fragment. A short fragment from a leaf-shaped sword blade of lentoid section with faint grooves on either side running parallel to the two cutting edges. The edges converge, suggesting this fragment to come from near the mid-part of the blade. The development of swords designed for a slashing action is attributed to the later Bronze Age. The broken edge at one end of the fragment is worn [bottom], but the opposite edge [top] is rough and may suggest a larger sword fragment has been further fragmented in recent times. Suggested date: Late Bronze Age, 1000-800 BC. Length: 26.1mm, Width: 38.1mm, Thickness: 5.9mm, Weight: 28.65gms

NLM-76AC30: SOCKETED AXEHEAD
Copper alloy possible axe head fragment. Fragment from the cutting edge of a copper alloy axe; what remains has a straight edge with broken corners and a marked V section. Polished by wear or use. This is most likely to come from towards one side of the blade, as the midpart of a socketed axe blade would usually exhibit marked curvature. Suggested date: Late Bronze Age, 1000-800 BC. Length: 10.6mm, Height: 25.3mm, Thickness: 4.1mm, Weight: 3.57gms

NLM-CEED37: SCRAPER (TOOL)
Grey flint scraper. A tiny thumbnail scraper. The dorsal side has had a flake removed while the ventral surface is flat; very short abrupt retouch executed from the dorsal aspect follows a curved edge. A further small flake was trimmed from the ventral surface. Misty patina, more prominent on the ventral surface, suggests the object was exposed to a calcareous environment after its deposition. Suggested date: Early Bronze Age, 2350-1600 BC. Length: 20.3mm, Width: 19.8mm, Thickness: 5.5mm, Weight: 2.11gms

NLM-A02E0E: SERRATED IMPLEMENT
Grey flint, possibly collected from the East Coast, serrated implement. Flake with a broad flake struck from its dorsal side and a bulbar ventral surface. Very short abrupt retouch executed from the dorsal aspect trims cortex from the edge at one end, and follows the adjacent longer edge. Suggested date: Early Bronze Age, 2350-1600 BC. Length: 32.0mm, Width: 25.5mm, Thickness: 7.1mm, Weight: 7.10gms

NLM-A01935: KNIFE
Grey flint knife. Narrow flake with a long flake struck from its dorsal side and with a flat and slightly rippled ventral surface. Invasive angled scalar retouch executed from the dorsal aspect follows one long edge and round the wider end with shorter abrupt retouch following the opposite long edge and carried up to the other, slightly narrower, end; this side is battered. The retouch approached the production of a plano-convex section though the slight hollowing of the upper or dorsal surface would improve grip while the abrupt retouch may have permitted pressure to be brought to bear on the back of the knife when in use. Suggested date: Early Bronze Age, 2350-1600 BC. Length: 31mm, Width: 13.4mm, Thickness: 4.5mm, Weight: 2.15gms

NLM-9F71F2: SCRAPER (TOOL)
Pale grey flint scraper. Thumbnail scraper with a broad flake struck from its dorsal side and with a slightly bulbar ventral surface. Invasive angled scalar retouch executed from the dorsal aspect follows the curving edge of the object. The concave upper [as used] or dorsal surface would afford a thumb-rest when the object was in use. Suggested date: Early Bronze Age, 2350-1600 BC. Length: 25.1mm, Width: 25.5mm, Thickness: 5.8mm, Weight: 4.82gms

NLM-F8611D: SCRAPER (TOOL)
Grey flint scraper. Small flake with broad flakes struck from its dorsal side and a convex ventral surface. Short abrupt retouch and invasive angled scalar retouch executed from the dorsal aspect follow a curved end. The lack of patina may suggest the object was incorporated into a sealed context shortly after its deposition. Suggested date: Early Bronze Age, 2350-1600 BC. Length: 24.1mm, Width: 19.0mm, Thickness: 5.8mm, Weight: 3.35gms.

NLM-570A79: SCRAPER (TOOL)
Opaque pale grey flint scraper fragment. Flake with broad flakes removed from the dorsal side and short abrupt retouch executed from the dorsal aspect following a curved edge. A straight edge marks where the object was broken in antiquity. Suggested date: Early Bronze Age, 2350-1600 BC. Length: 14.4mm, Width: 31.1mm, Thickness: 6.3mm, Weight: 3.19gms.

NLM-03F381: DEBITAGE
Grey flint with cortex debitage. Thick flake with broad flakes removed by angled hard hammer strike from the dorsal side, and with a prominent bulb on the ventral. Suggested date: Bronze Age, 2350-800 BC. Length: 35.3mm, Width: 34.1mm, Thickness: 14.2mm, Weight: 15.94gms.

NLM-03E856: SCRAPER (TOOL)
Dark grey flint, possibly collected from the East Coast, with patches of pale grey patina, scraper fragment. Flake with broad flakes removed from the dorsal side, faint ripples on the ventral, and with short abrupt scalar retouch following a curving edge. The opposite edge is hackled and a further extent of the object has been lost here, probably to a recent break. The patina extends over both primary and secondary working, suggesting the object endured exposure after its loss or deposition. Suggested date: Early Bronze Age, 2350-1600 BC. Length: 36.9mm, Width: 21.6mm, Thickness: 6mm, Weight: 6.08gms.

NLM-FA1B4C: DEBITAGE
Pale grey flint with cortex and misty white patina debitage. Flake with a broad flake trimmed from cortex and with a bulb on its ventral surface. Suggested date: Bronze Age, 2350-800 BC. Length: 18.8mm, Width: 20.2mm, Thickness: 3.6mm, Weight: 1.23gms.

NLM-FA1112: KNIFE
Dark grey flint with cortex and misty white patina possible knife fragment. Flake with cortex on its dorsal side and a low bulb on the ventral; the ventral surface has accumulated misty patina. Short abrupt retouch along one edge, executed from the dorsal aspect, includes a short extent which has acquired a similar patina to that of the ventral surface, but is continued by unpatinated retouch. These differences hint at reuse of this flake after a significant period of exposure. Suggested date: possibly Bronze Age, 2350-800 BC. Length: 22.5mm, Width: 15.2mm, Thickness: 4.1mm, Weight: 1.61gms.

NLM-F9EDB5: KNIFE
Grey-brown flint with cortex possible knife. Flake with cortex trimmed by angled hard hammer strike from the dorsal side leaving a striking platform and a prominent bulb on the ventral side, and with very short abrupt scalar retouch along the exposed edges of flint, executed from the dorsal aspect. Suggested date: Early Bronze Age, 2350-1600 BC. Length: 23.2mm, Width: 17.8mm, Thickness: 6.1mm, Weight: 3.00gms.

NLM-FB8407: SCRAPER (TOOL)
Grey flint with cortex scraper. Notched or hollow scraper . A flint lump with multi-directional hard hammer working removing broad flakes from the dorsal side and with a concavity at one end of the slightly rippled ventral side. Invasive angled scalar retouch trims a projecting 'nose'. An adjacent right-angled notch is defined by abrupt scalar retouch executed from the ventral aspect. Suggested date: Bronze Age, 2350-800 BC. Length: 47.4mm, Width: 34.8mm, Thickness: 18.1mm, Weight: 27.91gms.

NLM-E4D933: SCRAPER (TOOL)
Grey flint with cortex with misty white patches of patina scraper. Thumbnail scraper with a flake removed from the dorsal side by hard hammer strike and a trimmed bulb on the ventral side. Invasive angled scalar retouch along a curved edge removes some cortex. Suggested date: Early Bronze Age, 2350-1600 BC. Length: 31mm, Width: 24.8mm, Thickness: 8.3mm, Weight: 7.83gms.

NLM-D21BBB: SCRAPER (TOOL)
Grey flint with cortex patch and misty patina overall scraper. Flake with broad flakes removed by angled hard hammer strike from the dorsal side and with a bulb on the ventral. Short abrupt retouch follows a curving edge; one of the initial strikes on the dorsal side affords a thumb rest. The extent of patina suggests exposure of this object for a period after its deposition. Suggested date: Early Bronze Age, 2350-1600 BC. Length: 29.8mm, Width: 34.1mm, Thickness: 8.5mm, Weight: 6.74gms.

NLM-D1FA7B: SCRAPER (TOOL)
Grey flint of good quality scraper fragment. Lump with broad flakes removed from its dorsal surface by hard hammer strike and a concave ventral surface. Angled invasive scalar retouch of the dorsal side was followed by very short abrupt retouch along a long curving edge and for a short distance along an adjacent straight edge. The opposite side appears to have been lost to a recent break. Suggested date: Early Bronze Age, 2350-1600 BC. Length: 22.8mm, Width: 21.7mm, Thickness: 11.3mm, Weight: 5.94gms.

NLM-EF9C9D: DEBITAGE
Pale grey flint debitage. Flake with a patch of thick creamy patina along one side, with broad flakes removed from its dorsal side and with a bulb on the ventral. The appearance of a point at one end arises from recent breakage. There is a tiny patch of possible abrupt retouch at one end - that opposite the point; like other working this interrupts a thick patina along one side. Suggested date: Bronze Age, 2350-800 BC. Length: 30.8mm, Width: 17.9mm, Thickness: 7.3mm, Weight: 3.89gms.

NLM-4A5B67: SPEARHEAD
Copper alloy possible spearhead fragment. Fragment of a cast slightly tapering cylindrical object, of estimated original diameter c.40mm, interpreted by this reporter as from the socket of a spearhead. The thickness diminishes at the mouth of a putative socket; other edges are broken, and smoothed by subsequent wear. The outer convex surface is dark, while the inner surface appears paler and retains traces of orange soil. Suggested date: Middle to Late Bronze Age, 1200-800 BC. Estimated diameter: 40mm, Length: 29.4mm, Thickness: 2.0mm, Weight: 12.27gms.

NLM-4A4F79: SPEARHEAD
Copper alloy spearhead. Small cast socketed spearhead with a rounded end to its trapezoidal blade, of length 35.2mm and of thin lentoid section, which has blunt cutting edges of length 32mm. The base of the blade has an abrupt inswing, forming a slightly oblique angle with the cutting edges, though its angles are rounded like the tip. The narrow tapering socket appears to have been solid where it meets the blade, and its hollow extent was measured as only 20mm in length from its mouth, albeit without aggressive investigation. The socket, of total length 30mm, tapers from a maximum external diameter of 9.3mm at its mouth to 5.9mm where it meets the blade. The thickness of the wall of the socket is 2mm, so this could accommodate a shaft of only c.5mm diameter. The mouth of the socket is chipped on one side. The blade is now bent slightly out of alignment with the socket. The finder identifies this object as an arrowhead, though metal arrowheads of the Bronze Age have always been scarce. Evans (1881, pages 317-318) was aware of two Irish points which might have tipped a dart or javelin, and could cite a further five possible examples from the rest of the United Kingdom. None appear in Davey's 1970 survey of Bronze Age metalwork from Lincolnshire. The points and edges of this object are uniformly rounded, and all seem to have less potential to cut or pierce than the metal at the mouth of the socket. This suggests that the blunted blade is a deliberately formed feature, as both blade and socket would have been equally exposed to post-depositional wear or abrasion. The weight also exceeds that of arrowheads found practical by experimental researchers and re-enactors investigating the properties of arrowheads from the Mediterranean and the Near East. Dot Boughton has kindly solicited further comment on this object from Richard Davis,whose observations appear in the notes below. Inter alia, these confirm that a ritual or symbolic function may be suggested, particularly in the light of its small size and blunt point. The rarity of this object class commends this as a find of note. Suggested date: Late Bronze Age, 1000-800 BC. Length: 69.2mm, Width: 19.2mm, Diameter (mouth of socket): c.9mm, Thickness (base of blade): 4.8mm, Weight: 19.61gms.

NLM-942F0F: SCRAPER (TOOL)
Dark grey flint with cortex thumbnail scraper. Plano-convex flake with abrupt flake removal which has partially removed cortex from the dorsal side, and with a low bulb of percussion on the ventral. Edge damage probably disrupts hard hammer retouch of the curving edge. Suggested date: Early Bronze Age, 2350-1600 BC. Length: 27.1mm, Width: 24.7mm, Thickness: 10.2mm, Weight: 7.51gms

NLM-01D4A3: PALSTAVE
Copper alloy possible palstave axe fragment. Cast fragment from the angular edge of a hollow cast object with its sides meeting each other at right angles, of overall L section. The object appears to have tapered, and the extent of bubbled material on its inside surface increases as its sides converge. The outer surface bears patches of tarry material, possibly sooting, which carry across one fracture surface and appears as a small spot on the inner surface. Suggested date: possibly Middle Bronze Age, 1601-1000 BC. Length: 40.4mm, Width: 17.6mm, Thickness: 4.4mm, Weight: 15.56gms.

NLM-01AC1B: SOCKETED AXEHEAD
Copper alloy socketed axehead fragment. Shard from the mouth of a socketed axehead with a prominent moulding at the socket and a mould line visible on its outer surface. Fiercely abraded. Suggested date: Late Bronze Age, 1000-800 BC. Length: 22.3mm, Width: 29.3mm, Thickness: 6.9mm, Weight: 12.33gms.

Copper alloy possible ring fragment. Cast segment from the inner circumference of a hollow ring of estimated external diameter 60mm. The external surface has a bright grey finish, perhaps from tin in the metal mix if not applied as a plating; the latter possibility arising from its apparent loss from the edges of the piece. This object was kindly allocated to the Bronze Age by Dr Kevin Leahy (in April 2011); it may be from a suite of horse gear. Suggested date: Late Bronze Age, 1000-800 BC. Length (as found): 31.4mm, Width: 11.5mm, Thickness: 1.2mm, Weight: 3.31gms.

NLM-56F0CD: SWORD
Copper alloy sword or dagger fragment. Cast segment from a markedly tapering blade of lentoid section. The object is curved when viewed in profile, whether as a result of deliberate or adventitious damage is uncertain. Suggested date: Middle to late Bronze Age, 1600-800 BC. Length: 38.0mm, Width: 27.5mm, Thickness: 5.7mm, Weight: 24.72gms.

NLM-56E601: SOCKETED AXEHEAD
Copper alloy socketed axehead. Cast axe head with crescentic cutting edge, a slightly tapered lower blade and a broad body with a square mouth of internal dimensions 26mm by 29mm by 58mm deep. A single internal rib runs longitudinally within the socket on either side, presumably to assist hafting. Externally, three low ribs run from the socket towards the blade on either side, and a loop springs from a prominent collar moulding below the mouth. Heavily abraded though still complete. Suggested date: Late Bronze Age, 1000-800 BC. Length: 83mm, Width (at blade): 42.2mm, Thickness (overall at mouth): 39.5mm, Weight: 205gms.

NLM-A84697: RAZOR
Copper alloy probable razor. Cast U-shaped plate with a cutting edge which runs along one long edge and continuing along the short straight side; the other long side and the U shaped end are flattened. The section is of extremely flattened lentoid form, a point which is only apparent if it is viewed against a straight edge.This object was initially considered as a sword blade fragment, but it lacks any convincing strengthening of the middle part of the blade, and a single sided form would be unusual for a rapier. This object appears to have been robustly cleaned by the finder. Suggested date: possibly Late Bronze Age, 1000-800. Length: 50.9mm, Width: 26.7mm, Thickness: 3mm, Weight: 21.39gms.

NLM-256593: PLANO CONVEX KNIFE
Dark blue grey flint with cortex. Plano-convex knife. The dorsal aspect bears marginal soft hammer or pressure flaked retouch which has partially removed cortex, though more remains. The ventral side bears a bulb of percussion, possibly deliberately flattened, and prominent ripples. Suggested date: Early Bronze Age, 2300-1600 BC. Length: 42.3mm, Width: 25.7mm, Thickness: 10.6mm, Weight: 12.68gms.

NLM-255063: SCRAPER (TOOL)
Grey flint of good quality with cloudy white patches of patina. Thumbnail scraper fragment. Probably circular flake with pressure flaked retouch executed from the ventral aspect along a curved edge. This is interrupted by a straight break, but the patina over the face of the fracture suggests this damage occurred in antiquity. Suggested date: Early Bronze Age, 2300-1600 BC. Length: 19.3mm, Width: 16.8mm, Thickness: 7.3mm, Weight: 2.56gms.

NLM-254503: SCRAPER (TOOL)
Grey flint with white patina and cortex. Scraper. Oval flake with abrupt low angle hard hammer working of its dorsal aspect, and with retouch from the same side around its curving working edge. Patina extends over the drafts from initial working, and its removal is probably adventitious and more recent damage. Suggested date: Early Bronze Age, 2300-1600 BC. Length: 30.1mm, Width: 31.5mm, Thickness: 9.5mm, Weight: 10.70gms

NLM-252837: BARBED AND TANGED ARROWHEAD
Pale semi-translucent pale grey flint brbed and tanged arrowhead, type Sutton Ab. Overall covering scalar retouch with low angled soft hammer or pressure flaked working, producing a lentoid or oval section point with a round-ended tang. The lower edge of the blade springs at a slightly obtuse angle from the tang. One lower side of the blade is lost, probably as recent damage. Suggested date: Early to Middle Bronze Age, 2350-1000 BC. Length: 30.7mm, Width (as found): 20.6mm, Thickness: 4.8mm, Weight: 2.40gms

NLM-24F154: SCRAPER (TOOL)
Grey semi-translucent flint with cortex at one edge. Possible hollow scraper. Flake with erratic hard hammer flake removal scars on its dorsal aspect, and with possibly deliberately formed notches in two adjacent edges. The ventral side bears a bulb of percussion, though this is disrupted showing the notches were formed after the flake was detached from its core. The untidy work and notched form indicate a later date. Suggested date; Late Bronze Age, 1000-800. Length: 28.3mm, Width: 33.7mm, Thickness: 7.6mm, Weight: 7.66gms.

NLM-24D2A3: SCRAPER (TOOL)
White patinated flint, probably a segment from a rod-shaped nodule. Possible scraper. Sub-circular flake with relict cortex patch on edge, with retouch around its curved edge. Suggested date: Early Bronze Age, 2300-1600 BC. Length: 30.7mm, Width: 31.8mm, Thickness: 31.5mm, Weight: 13.24gms.

NLM-24C797: DEBITAGE
Pale grey flint with relict cortex. Debitage. Flake with two broad flake removal scars on its dorsal aspect from hard hammer working at a shallow angle, and a bulb of percussion on the ventral side. This was apparently formed during the rough trimming of cortex from a nodule. Suggested date: Bronze Age, 2300-800 BC. Length: 37.5mm, Width: 32.0mm, Thickness: 6mm, Weight: 7.63gms.

NLM-24BD35: SCRAPER (TOOL)
Grey flint with cloudy patina over all surfaces. Possible scraper fragment. Flake with long flake removal scars from hard hammer working at a shallow angle overall, and with possible pressure flaking towards its curving edge, all executed from the dorsal aspect. Damage occurs along the curving edge, under the patina so inflicted in antiquity, and a flat edge may be an ancient break. Suggested date: Early Bronze Age, 2300-1600 BC. Length: 24.8mm, Width: 33.4mm, Thickness: 12mm, Weight: 12.24gms.

NLM-24A428: SCRAPER (TOOL)
Pale grey flint with cortex. Scraper. Thumbnail scraper with song flake removal scar on dorsal aspect and a bulb or percussion suggesting a relict patch of cortex served as striking platform to detach the flake. Pressure flaked retouch from the dorsal aspect follows the curving edge. Dense cloudy patina over all surfaces save the cortex. Suggested date: Early Bronze Age, 2300-1600 BC. Length: 24.2mm, Width: 27.4mm, Thickness: 8.7mm, Weight: 6.15gms.

NLM-249583: SCRAPER (TOOL)
White patinated flint. Thumbnail scraper. Sub-circular flake with broad flake removal scars on its dorsal aspect with abrupt hard hammer retouch executed from the same side. A large striking platform occurs at one end. Patina overall over all worked faces. Suggested date: Early Bronze Age, 2300-1600 BC. Length: 43.8mm, Width: 40.4mm, Thickness: 19mm, Weight: 32.88gms.

NLM-245E08: SCRAPER (TOOL)
Pale grey flint with cortex. Scraper. Flake with edge trimming of cortex and possible pressure flaking at its curving edge on the dorsal aspect, with a bulb of percussion on its ventral aspect. The latter bears light patches of cloudy patina. Suggested date: Late Bronze Age, 1000-800 BC. Length: 28.6mm, Width: 24mm, Thickness: 9mm, Weight: 6.35gms.

NLM-4098B1: SOCKETED AXEHEAD
Copper alloy probable socketed axe fragment. Cast fragment with mould line and three grooves on its outer face, from the corrugated moulding close to the mouth of a socketed axe, probably its upper or lower side given the presence of the mould line. Fiercely abraded on all surfaces including fracture surfaces, indicating the axe was broken in antiquity and subsequently moved around in the soil. Suggested date: Late Bronze Age, 1000-800 BC. Length: 34.5mm, Width: 23.7mm, Thickness: 4.7mm, Weight: 12.55gms.

NLM-061746: PALSTAVE
Copper alloy palstave axehead fragment. Cast blade and cutting edge from a palstave axe with faint discernible traces of a central mid rib. The blade diminishes in its thickness and increases in its width towards the cutting edge. Fiercely abraded with large nicks in the cutting edge, and encrusted with soil. Suggested date: Middle Bronze Age, 1600-1100 BC. Length: 55.3mm, Width: 52.6mm, Thickness: 11.3mm, Weight: 98.32gms.

NLM-5DE752: SOCKETED AXEHEAD
Copper alloy socketed axe. Cast axe with a crescentic cutting edge, a plain and gently tapering body lacking any external ridging, a semi-circular loop whose inner end coincides with a low moulding for a round collared mouth of external diameter 32mm; within the socket the mouth achieves a sub-rectangular shape. A ridge of length c.30mm appears within the socket on either side, and was perhaps intended to enhance the grip of the axehead on its haft. A mould line appears all around the external median line of the axehead, centred on the upper and lower sides. The cutting edge remains sharp. The plain exterior and the size recalls that of socketed axes from Caythorpe 1 held in Lincoln Museum (Davey, P. 1970, Later Bronze Age Metalwork from Lincolnshire [volume 1], B. Phil. Dissertation for University of Liverpool, pages 81-85), for which parallels are cited (ibid. page 94) from Roxby, Haxey and West Halton, North Linconshire. Suggested date: Late Bronze Age, 700-600 BC. Length: 106.9mm, Width (at blade): 51.2mm, Diameter (mouth): 40.1mm, Thickness (at mouth): 6.3mm, Weight: c.295gms.

NLM-B6FC57: SCRAPER (TOOL)
Mottled grey flint scraper. Thumbnail scraper comprising a thick flake with hard hammer and pressure flaked working of its dorsal side, possibly with a chip lost along one edge on the ventral aspect. Suggested date: Early Bronze Age, 2100-1500 BC. Length: 20.0mm, Width: 20.3mm, Thickness: 9.1mm, Weight: 4.87gms.

NLM-B50DA5: DEBITAGE
Pale grey Flint possible debitage. Fragment of flint with flake removal scars from multiple impacts; however, these are not so neatly arranged as to suggest this object served as a core, and some are undoubtedly fortuitous. Suggested date: Possibly Bronze Age, 2100-800 BC. Length: 31.2mm, Width: 26mm, Thickness: 16.8mm, Weight: 17.05gms.

NLM-B50181: SCRAPER (TOOL)
Grey flint, patinated overall, scraper. Oval ended plano-convex scraper. A striking platform at one end and a bulb of percussion on the ventral aspect shows where the flake was detached from its core. The removal of at least two long flakes may have preceded this operation, which was probably followed by hard hammer and pressure flaking from the dorsal aspect to form a rounded end. Patinated overall. Suggested date: Early Bronze Age, 2100-1500 BC. Length: 41mm, Width: 22.6mm, Thickness: 8.7mm, Weight: 10.80gms.

NLM-B4F601: SCRAPER (TOOL)
Grey flint with cortex, patinated on dorsal side, scraper. Thumbnail scraper of plano-convex form, made by mainly hard hammer working around the ventral side of a plano-convex flake. Suggested date: Early Bronze Age, 2100-1500 BC. Length: 25.6mm, Width: 23.2mm, Thickness: 10.2mm, Weight: 6.03gms.

NLM-90ECB7: SCRAPER (TOOL)
Dark grey Flint possible scraper fragment. A flake with a bulb of percussion on its ventral aspect which bears pressure flaking scars immediately adjacent to it. Similar scars appear on the other side close to the edges, along with larger chips incurred as a result of fortuitous impacts on the outer edges. Broken at one end. Suggested date: possibly Early Bronze Age, 2150-1500 BC. Length: 22.4mm, Width: 25.5mm, Thickness: 6.3mm, Weight: 5.08gms.

NLM-1A50A1: SOCKETED AXEHEAD
Copper alloy socketed axe fragment. Cast lunate cutting edge from a socketed axe; the hollow socketed form is confirmed by a rectangular cavity measuring 28.5mm by 9mm revealed by its breakage behind the edge of the blade. The fracture surface is rough and pale green compared to the patinated external surface features which may indicate a fairly recent break. The marked inswing where the blade narrows to join the middle part of the axe (lost) contrasts with the form of other socketed axes reported from the vicinity, where the body widens only slightly before meeting the blade (e.g. NLM-6ABEB8) . Suggested date: Late Bronze Age, 1150-800 BC. Length: 22.7mm, Height/Width: 52.1mm, Thickness: 14.4mm, Weight: 39.49gms.

NLM-1A38C2: PALSTAVE
Copper alloy palstave axe fragment. Cast butt and ridges or flanges - more on one side than on the other, giving a partial I-section - from the end of a palstave axe, of comparable form to others from the locality (e.g. NLM-EE9650 and NLM-EE77E7) which are described as Type Silsden side-looped palstaves. The end of the butt is rounded, presumably by wear. The surface where this object was detached from the rest of the axe is rough and shows the pale green signs of recent corrosion. This probably represents a recent break. Suggested date: Middle Bronze Age, 1300-1150 BC. Length: 17.7mm, Height: 22.2mm, Thickness (at ridge): 8.8mm

NLM-B30898: SCRAPER (TOOL)
Semi-translucent grey-brown flint of good quality, scraper. Knapped plano-convex oval scraper with convergent long hard hammer flake removal scars on its dorsal face, and pressure flaking around its edges. Further scars on the ventral aspect radiate inwards from the edge of the object and are therefore deemed to represent post-depositional damage; so too does a fresh straight break at one edge. Suggested date: Early Bronze Age, 2150-1500 BC. Length: 47.2mm, Width: 41mm, Thickness: 10.6mm, Weight: 24.16gms.

NLM-39B773: SPEARHEAD
Copper alloy spearhead fragment. Cast tip of a spear with a prominent mid rib of angular rhomboid section. Although displaying some green corrosion product the break appears relatively fresh. Suggested date: Middle Bronze Age, 1500-1150 BC. Length: 39.4mm, Width: 16.6mm, Thickness (at mid rib): 7.4mm, Weight: 9.58gms.

NLM-0C6797: SOCKETED AXEHEAD
Cast copper-alloy socketed axehead. A stumpy and possibly miscast axehead with a wide sub-rectangular mouth (circa 29mm x 27mm) with a slightly flared edge of thickness circa 5mm, a loop of length 22mm adjacent to the socket, and with traces of three ribs of length circa 29mm on either side of the blade. Only the central ribs are clearly discernible, the others falling close to the aris between the sides and the upper and lower surfaces. Incompletely cleaned casting flash extends along the underside of the axe, and this is adjacent to a split of length 36mm extending from the mouth of the socket towards the blade, adjacent to the loop. The axe is abraded, most heavily at its cutting edge and socket. Given the possibility that the casting was deficient, this wear should probably not be attributed to use of the axe, and indeed, the primary function of such objects may not have been as tools. Suggested date: Late Bronze Age, 1150-800 BC. Length: 75.7mm, Width: 43.1mm, Thickness (overall): 36.0mm, Weight: 165.44gms.

NLM-CFD864: SPEARHEAD
Copper alloy spear head fragment. Cast looped socket of a side looped spear head. The loops are long - circa 20mm - and narrow - circa 3.8mm, and projecting circa 3mm from the wall of the socket, and appear entirely separate from the blade (which is lost). The socket is gently tapered, from 17.6mm diameter at the shaft end to 15.5mm diameter towards the blade. The shaft end appears to exhibit signs of a recent break; at the blade end the break appears more weathered, though should still probably be ascribed to relatively recent times. Suggested date: Middle Bronze Age, 1500-1150 BC. Length: 66.2mm, Diameter: 17.6mm, Thickness of socket wall (clear of loops, at blade end): 2.7mm-1.9mm, Weight: 27.24gms.

NLM-CFCA03: KNIFE
Black and brown parti-coloured flint, knife. Oval flake with two large flake removal scars on its dorsal aspect, and prominent rippling from the hard hammer strike which detached this flake from the core. Pressure flaked retouch was then carried round the edge of the flake, and is itself locally smoothed by subsequent use. The planar appearance is reminiscent of that of flint 'daggers' of the Early Bronze Age, though this object is not so elongated. The edge is lightly notched at one point by probably recent damage. Suggested date: Early Bronze Age, 2100-1500 BC Length: 60.5mm, Width: 41.5mm, Thickness: 8.6mm, Weight: 23.31gms.

NLM-CFBE55: DEBITAGE
Pale grey semi-translucent flint of high quality, debitage. Two fragments of worked flint (a and b). One (a) bears about four flake removal scars on its dorsal aspect; the other (b) bears at least four parallel flake removal scars on its dorsal aspect, with the ripples from its detachment from the core indicating this blow was struck from the same end. Suggested date: early Bronze Age, 2100-1500 BC. Dimensions (a): Length: 27.9mm, Width: 22.9mm, Thickness: 7mm, Weight: 4.56gms. Dimensions (b): Length: 22.5mm, Width: 19.3mm, Thickness: 4.3mm, Weight: 2.32gms Combined Weight: 6.88gms.

NLM-CFB5C6: DEBITAGE
Dark grey flint debitage. Oval ended flake with long flake removal scars on its dorsal aspect, struck from both ends, and a bulb of percussion where a hard hammer strike has detached it from the core, this blow being delivered from the oval end. Suggested date: Early Bronze Age, 2100-1500 BC. Length: 44.5mm, Width: 35.5mm, Thickness: 5.7mm, Weight: 9.11gms.

NLM-CF69A5: DEBITAGE
Grey-brown flint of high quality, possible debitage. Two irregular fragments of flint (a and b) with hard and soft hammer scars and some pressure flaking, though subsequent damage obscures the sequence or intention of this working. The condition, as with other flint reported from the vicinity, may suggest recent exposure of a flint scatter. Suggested date: Probably Early Bronze Age, 2100-1500 BC. Dimensions: (a): length: 29.1mm, Width: 19.8mm, Thickness: 10.0mm, Weight: 5.76gms. Dimensions (b): Length 22.4mm, Width: 20.9mm, Thickness: 7.1mm, Weight: 3.07gms, Combined Weight: 8.82gms

NLM-CF5FC6: END SCRAPER
Semi-Translucent High Quality Flint with cortex end scraper. Flake with three flake removal scars on its dorsal aspect, a bulb of percussion where it has been detached from the core by a hard hammer strike at the opposite end from which previous working had taken place, and pressure flaked retouch at the end where work had begun. Suggested date: Early Bronze Age, 2100-1500 BC. Length: 34.7mm, Width: 17.7mm, Thickness: 7.6mm, Weight: 6.23gms.

NLM-CF5520: DEBITAGE
Toffee coloured flint debitage. Tongue shaped flake with two long and three or more short flake removal scars inflicted by hard hammer working on its dorsal aspect, and with a bulb of percussion on its ventral aspect where it was detached from a core by a hammer strike from its other end. The resultant form is plano-convex, but if a blade was intended this does not seem to have been completed; further features appear to represent fortuitous damage rather than working. Suggested date: Early Bronze Age, 2100-1500 BC. Length: 63.8mm, Width: 33.7mm, Thickness: 6.5mm, Weight: 19.26gms.

NLM-CF4AB6: SCRAPER (TOOL)
Dark grey high quality flint with cortex, scraper. Sub-triangular flake with hard hammer scars positioned erratically across its ventral surface, and with pressure flaked retouch executed from the ventral aspect along one edge, together with subsequent, possibly recent and fortuitous, damage. Suggested date: Early Bronze Age, 2100-1500 BC. Length: 34.2mm, Width: 31.2mmn, Thickness: 10.3mm, Weight: 9.56gms.

NLM-CF4022: DEBITAGE
White patinated flint, possible debitage. Pointed oval flint with hard hammer impact scars on both faces. Suggested date: Possibly Bronze Age, 2100-800 BC. Length: 44.7mm, Width: 31.8mm, Thickness: 12.1mm, Weight: 16.83gms.

NLM-CF3005: DEBITAGE
Pale grey Flint of low quality, possible debitage. Triangular fragment of struck flint with several hard hammer impact scars on its dorsal face; the ventral face has a smooth hinge fracture at one edge. Suggested date: Probably Bronze Age, 2100-800 BC. Length: 35.1mm, Width: 30.4mm, Thickness: 8.3mm, Weight: 7.38gms.

NLM-299857: BARBED AND TANGED ARROWHEAD
White patinated Flint possible arrowhead. Barbed and tanged arrowhead, albeit one made with very few hard hammer strokes; one barb appears to be lost and the tang may be lightly chipped. Suggested date: Early Bronze Age, 2100-1500 BC. Length: 26.1mm, Width: 21.5mm, Thickness: 3.6mm, Weight: 1.66gms.

NLM-7CB0D5: SCRAPER (TOOL)
Dark grey mottled flint scraper. Flint with about six flake removal scars on its dorsal aspect and either pressure flaking or fortuitous damage around the bulb of percussion on the ventral aspect. The most striking feature is a rounded and smooth edge which continues from the edge of the ventral aspect to its aris. Suggested date: probably Early Bronze Age, 2100-1500 BC. Length: 24mm, Width: 23.6mm, Thickness: 6.5mm, Weight: 4.17gms.

NLM-1BEDD2: SCRAPER (TOOL)
Flint with cortex Possible Scraper, reused as a Gunflint, as postulated by the finder. Sub-rectangular flint, possibly shaped in Prehistory as a scraper or core to judge from the extent of light patination on three angular sides - the fourth side being cortex. Two of the angular sides bear impact scars which post-date the patina, showing these edges of the object to have been struck. The finder suggests this object may have been pressed into service as an ad hoc gunflint - it bears scant relation in material or finish to a professionally manufactured gunflint. Suggested date: possibly Bronze Age, 2100-800 BC, possibly reused in the Post-Medieval period, circa 1700-1800. Length: 34.5mm, Width: 29.2mm, Thickness: 15.5mm, Weight: 16.98gms.

NLM-8F9086: SCRAPER (TOOL)
Dark grey flint possible scraper. Plano-convex flint with curved end, where the most convincing evidence for working is a series of narrow vertical flake removal scars. The surface bears many other scars, though most seem to run away from the edges and may have been incurred through the rolling of this object. The profile and material are not dissimilar to that of plano-convex tools such as 'slug knives' or 'fabricators'. Suggested date: Early Bronze Age, 2100-1500 BC. Length: 31.6mm, Width: 23.1mm, Thickness: 10.3mm, Weight: 9.22gms.

NLM-12BFE8: SPEARHEAD
Copper alloy spearhead fragment. Cast lozenge-shaped mid rib and the slightly tapered stubs of the blade of a spear head, probably from fairly close to the tip. The break at the wider end appears fairly recent, that towards the tip is more probably ancient damage. Heavily abraded. The angular section and prominent rib might both associate this with the side looped spear heads of the Middle Bronze Age; examples displayed at the NorthLincolnshireMuseum come from Waddingham, Scawby and Messingham. Suggested date: Middle Bronze Age, 1500-1100 BC. Length: 48.9mm, Width: 12.6mm, Thickness: 7.4mm, Weight: 13.22gms.

NLM-10F757: PALSTAVE
Fragment from the butt of a Middle Bronze Age palstave. The object has an I -section with flanges rising on three of its four sides as viewed where it has broken, a result of the uneven break. Two of the flanges, symmetrically or diagonally opposite each other, are grooved on their outer edges. The extent of patination indicates it was broken in antiquity. A hoard of two palstave axes from this parish is currently going through Treasure process, but this object comes from a distinct findspot on higher ground. Suggested date: Middle to Late Bronze Age, 1300-1150. Length: 18.7mm, Width: 24.9mm, Thickness: 10.1mm, Weight: 13.59gms.

NLM-404840: PLANO CONVEX KNIFE
Mottled dark and pale grey flint, lightly crazed by burning, possible plano-convex knife fragment. Knapped triangular flake fragment with a flat surface on its dorsal aspect and a concave ventral surface. The dorsal aspect bears pressure flaking scars around the converging edges running right up to a break. Lighter pressure flaking may extend to the third, broken, side. If so, indicates that it was intended to abate its sharpness to enable the continued use of a broken tool; the flat upper surface also provides a convenient thumb rest to facilitate its use in truncated form. The burning presumably followed discard in a settlement context. Suggested date: Early Bronze Age, 2100-1500 BC. Length: 29.5mm, Width: 19.8mm, Thickness: 6.2mm, Weight: 4.05gms.

Pale grey cloudy flint Possible Notched Scraper. Angular flint fragment with serrations along the edge of what a naturally formed notch. Suggested date: Possibly Bronze Age, 2100-800 BC. Length: 31.1mm, Width: 24.5mm, Thickness: 12mm, Weight: 9.12gms.

NLM-6208F3: KNIFE
White patinated flint possible knife, as identified by finder. Flake with a notch on either side, perhaps to assist hafting, and with long thin blade removal scars along two sides of a sub-triangular point. It seems that subsequent fine pressure flaking with a point has formed serrated edges at this end, though this is a feature which is more easily felt than seen. Suggested date: Early Bronze Age, 2100-1500 BC. Length: 36.8mm, Width: 19.8mm, Thickness: 7.3mm, Weight: 4.68gms.

NLM-61FCF3: SCRAPER (TOOL)
Cloudy mottled grey flint possible scraper. Flake bearing three broad flake removal scars on its dorsal aspect, this working being from the opposite end from the bulb marking where this flake was detached from the core. One edge is lightly notched and retouched by pressure flaking. Suggested date: Bronze Age, 2100-800 BC. Length: 25.8mm, Width: 27mm, Thickness: 7mm, Weight: 6.21gms.

NLM-61F1C4: SCRAPER (TOOL)
White patinated flint with cortex at one edge, scraper fragment. Flake with two blade removal scars on its dorsal aspect, and pressure flaked from this side at one end; this formed an end scraper which was subsequently broken along its length. Suggested date: Bronze Age, 2100-800 BC. Length: 49.5mm, Width: 27.3mm, Thickness: 8.6mm, Weight: 11.41gms.

NLM-61E705: FABRICATOR
Pale cloudy grey flint fabricator, as identified by finder. Elongated biconvex finger-shaped tool shaped by hard hammer working. The object tapers towards a thinner curved end, with casually executed flake removal at the mid point affording a grip for the thumb; the other end is flat, at a recent break. The upper and lower convex surfaces are lightly smoothed, probably by wear during use, though other flaking at the edges represents post-depositional damage. Suggested date: Early Bronze Age, 2100-1500 BC. Length: 86mm, Width: 25.5mm, Thickness: 20mm, Weight: 53.56gms.

NLM-61BB27: DEBITAGE
White patinated flint of low quality, possible debitage. Large flake fragment with one long flake removed from its edge and other hard hammer working; probably heat fractured. Suggested date: Possibly Bronze Age, 2100-800 BC. Length: 58mm, Width: 39mm, Thickness: 10.2mm, Weight: 31.93gms

NLM-75C390: SCRAPER (TOOL)
White flint with cortex, possible scraper. Pot lid probably naturally fractured flint with a possibly retouched curving working edge which is formed by pressure flaking from the dorsal aspect only. This working edge has subsequently been patinated. Suggested date: Early Bronze Age, 2150-1500 BC Length: 21.7mm, Width: 22.8mm, Thickness: 7.8mm, Weight: 4.47gms.

NLM-74D9A7: SAW
Opaque grey flint with cortex, saw. Knapped flint with a residual bulb of percussion at its narrower end, and cortex retained at the other end. Between these points, cursory but skillfull knapping has produced a curving triangular section blade with, at the cortex end, a smooth thumb rest. The two longest edges of the blade are finely serrated by very delicate working, perhaps pressure flaking and apparently executed from one side only; the third edge is flattened. Though appearing roughly made, this tool retains its cutting edges in excellent condition which might suggest its recent disturbance from a sealed context. Suggested date: Early Bronze Age, 2100-1500 BC. Length: 55.8mm, Width: 18mm, Thickness: 10.3mm, Weight: 8.22gms.

NLM-8EDC63: SCRAPER (TOOL)
Flint, high quality semi-translucent grey-brown colour, with cortex patch Scraper. A struck flint flake from outer part of the core, with a well-defined bulb of percussion on its ventral side. Both ends bear pressure-flaked retouch executed from the dorsal or cortex side of the flake, and one end bears limited pressure flaked retouch from the ventral side. Suggested date: Late Neolithic to Early Bronze Age, 2500 to 1500 BC. Length: 27.45mm, Width: 21.41mm, Thickness: 8mm, Weight: 4.99gms.

NLM-C38E40: VESSEL
A body sherd of a Bronze Age pottery vessel. The light brown sherd is heavily abraded and has voids of varying sizes on both faces.

NLM-4E8DD5: VESSEL
An undecorated body sherd of Bronze Age Beaker pottery. The soft fabric is about 10% calcareous with some fine sand. The calcareous filler has now been dissolved leaving a vesicular fabric. The exterior of the sherd is light brown and the interior and the core is mid-grey in colour.

NLM-5360A5: RAPIER
A fragment from a cast copper-alloy Middle Bronze Age Rapier/Dirk. The incomplete butt has notched sides and only one surviving incomplete rivet hole with a diameter of 2.9mm. Only a fragment of the tapering blade survives and is lozenge-shaped in cross-section with a slight rib running down the centre. The surviving length is 34.5mm, the width is 34.4mm, the thickness is 2.8mm and the weight is 10.95g.

NLM-2C4815: AWL
Possibly a copper-alloy Bronze Age awl. The square sectioned shank tapers to a pointed terminal and may be incomplete at the widest end. The surviving length is 57.1mm, the maximum width is 5.6mm and the weight is 7.88g.

NLM-319064: RETOUCHED FLAKE
A large retouched flake of Late Bronze Age/Early Iron Age. The opaque grey flint has neat parallel retouch on the left edge near the distal end of the dorsal face. The flake is natural and the rest of it has not been worked. The length is 101.6mm, the width is 31.3mm and the weight is 72.04g.

NLM-3FD436: SOCKETED AXEHEAD
A fragment of an unfinished Bronze Age socketed axehead. The corner fragment of the miscast mouth is all that survives with the casting gate still attached above it. The length of the fragment and gate is 31.5mm, the width is 29.1mm and the weight is 16.35g.

NLM-3AB7B8: SOCKETED AXEHEAD
Possibly a fragment from Bronze Age socketed axehead. The body fragment is slightly convex in cross-section and worn along the edges. There are two surviving mouldings; one is thicker than the other. The length is 33.6mm, the width is 19.7mm and the weight is 8.19g.

NLM-37CAE2: DAGGER
A fragment from a Bronze age dagger or rapier. The tip is tongue shaped and lozenge-shaped in cross-section. Both faces of the tip have a slight rib running down the centre. The tip is worn around the edges and has a brown patina over a light green surface. The length of the fragment is 33.4mm, the maximum width is 16.8mm, the thickness is 2.9mm and the weight is 6.14g.

NLM-6E5052: CASTING WASTE
Probably a copper-alloy Bronze Age casting gate or jet. The gate has a flat sub-circular platform with ten integral conical projections on the underside. The projections splay outwards at a slight angle. Some of the projections are now incomplete. The platform varies slightly in thickness and has a sub-circular perforation just off the centre point. The diameter of the platform is 28.6mm, the length of the platform and projection is 15.4mm and the weight is 35.24g.

NLM-D3A6B4: SOCKETED AXEHEAD
An incomplete cast copper-alloy socketed axehead. The body and blade is all that survives of the axehead. The mouth and loop are missing. Most of the original brown patina is damaged and only remains in patches on the back. The remaining light green surface is slightly pitted. The body of the axe is rectangular in plan with gently flaring sides that expand slightly into the lower blade and cutting edge. Most of the front face is missing, making the inside of the socket visible. Packed tightly inside the socket end are possibly the remains of a wooden shaft. The surviving length is 87.0mm, the width midway down the body is 27.0mm and the maximum thickness is 20.2mm. The width from each blade tip is 35.0mm and the weight is 104.26g.

NLM-1BF8A1: VESSEL
A single sherd of a prehistoric vessel, probably Bronze Age. The sherd is of a brown/dark orange colour and has large uneven shell inclusions.

NLM-B2C642: BARBED AND TANGED ARROWHEAD
An incomplete flint barbed and tanged arrowhead. The brown flint is covered with a white patina. The sub triangular arrowhead is bifacially worked and has two notches at the proximal end to form the tang and two barbs. Both of the barbs are incomplete. One face has been retouched along the left mesial edge. The length is 29.1mm, the width is 17.3mm and the weight is 1.29g.

NLM-B2AA76: BARBED AND TANGED ARROWHEAD
An incomplete flint barbed and tanged arrowhead. The translucent flint is of a brown colour. The sub triangular arrowhead is bifacially worked and has two notches at the proximal end to form the tang and two barbs. One of the barbs is incomplete. The length is 18.6mm, the width is 14.l3mm and the weight is 0.67g.

NLM-D0C3E7: AWL
A complete copper-alloy Bronze Age awl. The awl is lozengiform in section. One end of the awl tapers to a rounded flat terminal with a width of 3.4mm. The other end tapers to a pointed terminal. The length of the awl is 46.1mm, the width in the centre is 4.41mm and the weight is 3.41g.

NLM-C4F817: RAPIER
A tip fragment of a cast copper-alloy Middle Bronze Age rapier. The blade is lozenge-shaped in cross-section and has a slight rib running down the centre of both sides. The rapier belongs to C. Burgess' Group II, lozenge blade section (1968, 3). The blade is slightly curved and bends upwards at the broken end. The blade has had some plough damage and the edges of the blade are worn and feathered in parts. The tip of the blade has a patch of brown patina on both sides, but most of the blade is a bright green colour. The surviving length 113.3mm, the widest part is 22.6mm, the thickness is 4.3mm and the weight is 28.34g. Group II rapiers come from the first phrase of the Middle Bronze Age, known as the Pickering Phrase c.1400-1200 (Burgess, 1968, 3).

NLM-01E0C4: SCRAPER (TOOL)
A thumbnail scraper. The flint is of an opaque white colour. The dorsal face has two flakes removed and has retouch around the distal end and sides. The ventral face is plain and has a prominent bulb of percussion. The length of the scraper is 28.8mm, the width is 20.7mm and the weight is 3.70g.

NLM-01CFD1: SCRAPER (TOOL)
A thumbnail scraper. The flint is of an opaque white colour. The dorsal face has long retouch around the distal end and sides. The ventral face is plain and has a prominent bulb of percussion. The length of the scraper is 20.6mm, the width is 16.3mm and the weight is 1.61g.

NLM-108FD5: ARROWHEAD
Barbed and tanged arrowhead with one of the side wings missing.

NLM-0F6E94: AXEHEAD
Fragment of an axe blade only one half of the blade remains.