Record ID: LIN-B5E1EC
Object type: MINIATURE OBJECT
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Lincolnshire
Workflow stage: Published
Miniature copper-alloy axehead of Early Bronze Age c. 2000 BC - 1700 BC. The object is a miniature or model flat axehead or chisel. The sides are bowed. It is trapezoidal and wedge-shaped in cross-section with a flaring cutting edge and narrowed shaft. The sides descend from the butt almost vertically then expand in a smooth curve to produce a cutting edge. Heavily pitted with some damage to the cutting edge. Length: 51.78 mm; Width: 31.65 mm; Thickness: 9.77 mm; Weight: 58g Diminutive axes are often associated with Roman votive offerings…
Created on: Wednesday 10th May 2023
Last updated: Friday 12th May 2023
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Near Bourne', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: WILT-40EB06
Object type: MINIATURE OBJECT
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Wiltshire
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
A complete Bronze Age to Roman copper alloy miniature socketed axehead dating to c 800 BC - AD 410. It is rectangular in form, partly hollow, tapering from an oval mouth to a vertical cutting edge. It does not have the usual loop, instead it has a circular hole through the upper part of the blade itself, perhaps to allow it to be suspended and worn. Dimensions: 13.2mm in height; 14.1mm in length; 8.5mm thick; 5.1g in weight This resembles Robinson's Type IVa 'Miniature axes with parallel vertical sides - essentially square' (nos. 16-18), although as the edges flare a little …
Created on: Monday 11th April 2022
Last updated: Wednesday 11th May 2022
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: WAW-353C3E
Object type: CHISEL
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Worcestershire
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
An incomplete copper alloy chisel or possible miniature axehead dating to the Early Bronze Age (c. 2000BC -1700 BC). The object is trapezoidal in plan and wedge-shaped in cross-section with a flaring cutting edge and narrowed shaft. The sides descend from the butt almost vertically then fan out in a smooth curve to form the, now chipped, cutting edge. For a comparable example see PAS record LIN-9CD5CA. According to Brundle (2021) 'diminutive axes are often associated with Roman votive offerings. However, the axe recorded here is clearly of a Bronze Age form. Miniature flat axes …
Created on: Wednesday 22nd December 2021
Last updated: Tuesday 17th May 2022
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: LIN-9CD5CA
Object type: MINIATURE OBJECT
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Lincolnshire
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
Miniature copper-alloy axehead of Early Bronze Age c. 2000 BC - 1700 BC. The object is a miniature or model flat axehead or chisel. The sides are bowed. It is trapezoidal and wedge-shaped in cross-section with a flaring cutting edge and narrowed shaft. The sides descend from the butt almost vertically then expand in a smooth curve to produce a cutting edge. Length: 28.54 mm; Width: 14.08 mm; Thickness: 3.81 mm; Weight: 4.97g Diminutive axes are often associated with Roman votive offerings. However, the axe recorded here is clearly of a Bronze Age form. Miniature flat a…
Created on: Tuesday 21st September 2021
Last updated: Thursday 7th October 2021
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: NMS-C8BC70
Object type: PALSTAVE
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Norfolk
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
A cast copper alloy (bronze) early / primary looped palstave, group I - shield patterned type - of Middle Bronze Age date (1500-1300 BC). This palstave axe fits best within the Acton Park II and Taunton metalworking assemblages (Needham Period 5) - both of which conform to Burgess's Metal Working Stage VIII and IX. The palstave is incomplete (recovered in two pieces); when recombined the overall length of the axehead is approximately 160mm. Width is 66.2mm measured across the blade tips and 22.3mm at the butt-end. The width measured across the upper and&nb…
Created on: Tuesday 6th April 2021
Last updated: Saturday 9th September 2023
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: NMGW-81C2E4
Object type: WEDGE
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: the Vale of Glamorgan
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
Lead axe-shaped wedge, possibly a miniature votive axe of uncertain date, possibly Bronze Age to Roman The axe-shaped object has been hammer-shaped and is complete (with a length of 28.7mm and weight of 8.1g). The butt is thickened and of rectangular section (8.4mm wide and 5.2mm thick). The sides are straight and divergent before flaring to the expanded blade edge (with a blade width of 16.6mm and a thickness of 0.8mm). The faces are somewhat irregular but generally flat and gradually convergent from the butt to the blade. There is no applied decoration to the object. The w…
Created on: Monday 1st February 2021
Last updated: Monday 1st February 2021
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: NMS-3D0CDA
Object type: PALSTAVE
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Norfolk
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
Palstave axe of Middle Bronze Age date (c. 1,600 to 1,400 BC), of typical non side-looped form with a "shield" shaped moulding immediately below the stop ridge. The H shaped hafting channels at the butt are well developed with high side flanges to support the split wood handle, the end of the butt terminates in an oblique angle, this is most likely due to a casting flaw at the top of the mould, it looks unlikely that this is post-depositional damage. The axe is complete, though there are small losses to the thin cutting edge. Most of the surfaces are patinated dark brown, indicative …
Created on: Tuesday 17th November 2020
Last updated: Tuesday 8th December 2020
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: LIN-0BCEC7
Object type: MINIATURE OBJECT
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Lincolnshire
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
A complete copper-alloy miniature flat axehead of early Bronze Age date, c.2150 - 1500 BC. The axehead is sub-trapezoidal with a curved blade tapering to a rounded cutting edge. The axe has a narrow, thinning butt with moderately concave sides. It is undecorated. The metal has a dark green/brown patina and is worn. The axehead is 46.31 mm long, 14.15 mm wide tapering to 6.40 mm wide, 2.88 mm thick and weighs 5.75g. This object is too small to have functioned as an axe and current archaeological thinking suggests they played a role in votive/ritual practices or function…
Created on: Tuesday 15th September 2020
Last updated: Tuesday 2nd February 2021
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: YORYM-3F6A11
Object type: MINIATURE OBJECT
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: North Yorkshire
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
A complete copper-alloy miniature flat axehead of early Bronze Age date, c.2150 - 1500 BC. The axehead is sub-trapezoidal with a curved blade tapering to a rounded cutting edge. The sides are slightly concaved and the axehead is undecorated. The metal has a dark green/brown patina and is worn. The axehead is 44.8mm long, 18.3mm tapering to 4.4mm wide, 4mm thick and weighs 9.4g. This object is too small to have functioned as an axe and current archaeological thinking suggests they played a role in votive/ritual practices or functioned as amulets. Despite the obvious lack of …
Created on: Wednesday 12th February 2020
Last updated: Wednesday 19th February 2020
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: PUBLIC-E10708
Object type: FLANGED AXEHEAD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Lincolnshire
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
A complete copper alloy miniature flat axe or possibly a chisel, 67.2 mm in length and dating to the early to late early Bronze Age (2050 BC- 1700BC). The axe has straight sides, expanding into a cutting edge, which is curved and 36.6 mm across, with a cutting edge around 3 mm thick. The butt end narrows to 26.9 mm in width and is slightly convex. There are flanges on both sides of the shaft. The profile of the axe is lenticular or an elongated pointed oval with a maximum thickness at the centre of 13.2 mm. Weight 130.45 gsm The surface is heavily pitted with the brownish-green patin…
Created on: Tuesday 16th July 2019
Last updated: Friday 2nd December 2022
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: SF-C4C11D
Object type: FLAT AXEHEAD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Suffolk
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
An incomplete copper alloy flanged axe or chisel, dating to the early Bronze Age. The axe has expanding straight sides flaring just behind the outer end, which has a curved cutting edge. There are very slight flanges running along both sides. The butt is rounded. The surface of the metal is heavily pitted with corrosion. With its narrow shape and stright sides this is likely to be a developed flat axe. These are dated to the Early Bronze Age (EBA phase II / III), of metalworking stage IV-V (more likely V), which corresponds to Needham's (1996) Period 3 dating to 2,050 BC - 1,700 ca…
Created on: Tuesday 9th April 2019
Last updated: Monday 17th June 2019
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Fressingfield', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: NMS-4436A4
Object type: MINIATURE OBJECT
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Norfolk
Workflow stage: Published
Complete copper-alloy miniature developed flat axe dating to the late Early/early Middle Bronze Age. The axe has a narrow butt with moderately concave sides. Initially the sides are only slightly flaring but in the last 20% of its length the width increases by another 50% to form the curved cutting edge. In profile, the axe is lenticular with the maximum thickness at the centre of its length. Dimensions: 34.4mm in length, 12.0mm in max.width, 4.2mm in max.thickness and weighs 4.97g. The axe appears to be modelled on the Class 3 non-flanged axe types of Period 2 circa 2100-1900 B…
Created on: Friday 14th December 2018
Last updated: Tuesday 26th February 2019
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: SUR-267CEF
Object type: FLAT AXEHEAD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Kent
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
A complete copper alloy miniature flat axe or possibly a chisel, 59.5mm in length and dating to the early to late early Bronze Age (2050 BC- 1700BC). The axe has straight sides, expanding into a cutting edge, which is curved and 26mm across, with a cutting edge around 1mm thick. The butt end narrows to 15.1mm in width and is slightly convex. There are no flanges or other features. The profile of the axe is lenticular or an elongated pointed oval with a maximum thickness at the centre of 7.3mm. The surface is heavily pitted with the brownish-green patina of copper-alloy - suggesting a …
Created on: Wednesday 19th September 2018
Last updated: Thursday 1st December 2022
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: HAMP-C8A4F8
Object type: PALSTAVE
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Hampshire
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
A small copper alloy, perhaps miniature or 'model', Middle Bronze Age palstave axehead of Schmidt and Burgess 'unclassified low-flanged palstave' type with broad blade (group III) and without side loop, belonging to the Taunton phase of metalworking and corresponding to Needham's period 5, 1500-1150 BC. The flanges are a little worn (old damage) but the object is otherwise complete. From the central stop ridge (13.5mm wide, 13.3mm thick) the blade has gently expanding straight sides, curving into a broad but flattish cutting edge 19.8mm wide (with possible old damage to one corner).…
Created on: Monday 16th July 2018
Last updated: Tuesday 12th October 2021
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: DUR-2F8728
Object type: FLAT AXEHEAD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Hartlepool
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
A cast copper alloy miniature axe of early Bronze Age date (2200 BC- 1950BC). The object is sub-rectangular in plan with tapering sides which expand slightly to the cutting edge. The blade has a rounded convex edge. There is an old break along the butt edge.The object is heavily pitted with the brownish-green patina of copper-alloy - suggesting a date after the very earliest dates when axes were made of copper rather than bronze. It measures 34.54mm in length and is 23.19mm wide at the blade and 21.4mm at the break; it is 7.14mm thick and weighs 28.3g. The miniature axe head was poss…
Created on: Wednesday 9th May 2018
Last updated: Friday 3rd March 2023
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: SUSS-63EAE7
Object type: MINIATURE OBJECT
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: West Sussex
Workflow stage: Published
Miniature axe or axe-chisel of Bronze age to Roman date (2150 BC- 410 AD). The object is similar to solid flat axes with a tapering blade, resembling a miniature version of the earliest and simplest solid cast copper alloy axe-heads. The sides are slightly curved and the blades tappers to a rounded edge. The object is broken along the wider edge. The object has a heavily pitted light green patina. The broad date range has been given due to the form of the object most closely resembling early Bronze age axe heads, however there are numerous examples of Roman votive deposition of …
Created on: Saturday 24th March 2018
Last updated: Tuesday 26th February 2019
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: HAMP-B3BE22
Object type: FLANGED AXEHEAD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Hampshire
Workflow stage: Published
A complete copper alloy miniature flanged axe, dating to the late Early/ early Middle Bronze Age (c.1750 - 1550 BC). The axe has expanding, straight sides, curving into the cutting edge. At this point there is a slight imitative stop ridge on both faces. The flanges are low (c.1mm high), extending from below the butt end and tapering out as the sides curve into the cutting edge. The butt end is narrow and thin (6.3x0.9mm) with a slight convex curve and possibly a small area of damage at one corner. The cutting edge has a more pronounced curve, is 14.8mm wide and 0.8mm thick at the ve…
Created on: Friday 26th January 2018
Last updated: Wednesday 7th February 2018
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: LANCUM-FF28DD
Object type: FLAT AXEHEAD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Lancashire
Workflow stage: Published
Bronze Age small cast copper alloy flat axe with a narrow butt end and a slightly flanged blade, dating from the Early Bronze Age c. 2125-1950 BC. The edge of the blade of the axe appears to be unused, and the size of the axe suggests that it might have been used for votive reasons. The colour suggests that the axe is copper-rich and the original surface survives well in places, with patches of corrosion product and a few pits, and a few marks on one face of the blade. Otherwise the axe is in good condition. Flat axes with narrow butt ends with rectangular sections and slightly flange…
Created on: Tuesday 13th June 2017
Last updated: Friday 31st January 2020
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: BERK-5EABF5
Object type: PALSTAVE
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Oxfordshire
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
A copper alloy cast blade edge fragment of a Bronze Age axe c. 1500 - 700 BC. The cutting edge is splayed and curved with 'V' groves in the sides where the blade has been hammered into form. There are worn casting flashes to the sides. The axe has a clean break parallel with the blade and 4.5 cm above the tip of the blade. There is a darker area of casting in the centre of the break which may be indicative of the bottom of the socket having been just above that break. Perhaps it may also be due to some form of deferential cooling of the core. It may be possibility that it is a fr…
Created on: Wednesday 13th July 2016
Last updated: Thursday 24th March 2022
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: WAW-E3F2D5
Object type: FLAT AXEHEAD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Leicestershire
Workflow stage: Published
Bronze Age (-2350 to 410) to Roman flat axe: The axe is made from cast copper alloy. The axe is an elongated triangle, with rounded terminals. In profile the butt is tapers in thickness towards its edge. The thickest portion, in profile, is the point between the blade and butt. The blade, in profile tapers to a blunt, rounded edge. The axe is slightly asymmetrical in the centre and at the blade edge. The surface of the axe has a well-developed light green-brown coloured patina. The axe measures 48.05mm in length, 21.24mm in width, 6.95mm thickness and weighs 24.0g. The …
Created on: Thursday 7th July 2016
Last updated: Thursday 27th May 2021
Spatial data recorded.