Record ID: ESS-F1E21D
Object type: CHAIN
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Published
A gold chain composed of two interlocking tripartite composite rings of Middle Bronze Age date (c.1300-1150 BC).  Description: The object is composed of two separately-constructed C-shaped penannular rings. Each ring in constructed from three circular-sectioned rods, stacked one on top of the other and curled round to form an open loop. The rods terminate in flat ends. The rings have been linked so that one passes through the centre of the other. The surface of the gold is rough on the inside of each ring as well as on the outside where the rings are the most curved. El…
Created on: Wednesday 1st March 2023
Last updated: Friday 24th November 2023
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Beaumont-cum-Moze', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: ESS-71837F
Object type: RIBBON
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
Description:  A strip of gold ribbon of probable Bronze Age date c. 2350-800 BC.  The strip is rectangular in shape with a perforation at each end.  It is decorated on one side with 11 grooves that run along the length of the strip.  The other side is plain.  The strip edges are damaged by nicks towards the centre and it is slightly bent in a number of places, including at the ends so the strip does not sit flat on a surface. Dimensions:  L: 73.56mm, W: 14.96mm, T: 0.62mm, Weight: 4.73g. Discussion:  Similar multi-grooved strips of a Bronze Age date…
Created on: Monday 13th June 2022
Last updated: Friday 5th May 2023
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Alresford', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: ESS-9DB6CE
Object type: RIBBON
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Published
Description:  A fragment possibly from a gold Middle Bronze Age composite penannular ring, dating to c.1300-1100 cal BC. The warped fold plate made of three strands of gold wire, stacked on top of each other and fused together to produce a ribbed effect.  The wires are a D-shape, in cross-section, the flat surface being the inner surface of the ring where the fusing of these two pieces can be clearly seen. These wires end in smooth rounded terminals but at each end which may indicate this represents the original circular form now bent out of shape. In profile the ring is an i…
Created on: Wednesday 16th December 2020
Last updated: Thursday 2nd March 2023
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Leaden Roding', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: ESS-DB8E6E
Object type: RIBBON
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Published
Description: A Bronze Age (c.BC2150-1150) gold ribbon ornament in the form of a thin, parallel-sided strip with tightly rolled ends.  The strip is decorated with four rather irregular grooves which create a corrugated effect.  The object has been bent out of shape. Dimensions; Length: 26mm; width: 11mm; thickness: 1mm; weight: 2.07g. Discussion: It is difficult to identify this as a particular object type, beyond its belonging to a broad range of ribbon, or strip, ornaments of Bronze Age date. A number of parallels have been recorded on the PAS database, including …
Created on: Tuesday 14th January 2020
Last updated: Friday 5th January 2024
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'High Easter', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: ESS-EDCA69
Object type: PENANNULAR RING
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Published
A Late Bronze Age gold-plated copper alloy penannular ring dating from 1300-800BC. The ring is oval in shape and the terminals are flat ended. The ring is cracked and chipped in several places where the inner copper alloy core has corroded underneath, and the terminals have become joined by corroded metal. Dimensions: Diameter: 15.3mm, thickness: 4.1mm, weight: 3.48g Discussion: A gold-plated lock ring of a similar style on the database (LANCUM-C2543F) that is Bronze Age in date was submitted for consideration as treasure (Treasure case tracking number: 2017T810) and includes t…
Created on: Tuesday 22nd October 2019
Last updated: Friday 14th April 2023
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-1BFC58
Object type: PENANNULAR RING
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Published
A probable Middle to Late Bronze Age (c. 1400-800 BC) gold penannular ring of uncertain function. Description: The ring is made of wire with a circular cross-section that tapers at the terminals to form rounded points. It is thickest and widest section at its centre and is curled into the shape of a ring. One end is bent outwardly, misshaping the ring, but the length is sufficient for the terminals to overlap if brought together.     Dimensions:  Length: 75.3mm; width at widest point: 3.4; thickness at widest point:  3.6; Weight: 6.77g Discussion: …
Created on: Thursday 25th October 2018
Last updated: Friday 10th November 2023
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Little Bromley', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: ESS-046731
Object type: PENANNULAR RING
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Published
Description: Gold or gold plated copper alloy, Penannular Ring dating from the Late Bronze Age (c.1150-750 BC). Circular in shape and cross-section with a narrow gap between the terminals which are flat ended. Surface comprising of a bright gold colour with bands of lighter (silver-rich) gold. The ring is likely to have a copper-alloy core as its weight does not suggest it is solid gold. There are also small scratches on the surface of the ring and some cracks on both the flat terminal ends which look to cover a darker metal this could be copper-alloy. Dimensions: Weight: 1.56g,…
Created on: Monday 8th May 2017
Last updated: Wednesday 6th December 2017
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Great Dunmow', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: ESS-5ECCA2
Object type: PENANNULAR RING
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Rutland
Workflow stage: Published
A gold penannular 'lock ring' of Bronze Age date (c. 1150 - 800 BC). The ring is triangular in section with flat terminals. The outer two faces of the object are decorated with a series of ribs (wire work?), whilst the internal face is undecorated. Dimensions: outer diameter: 14.49 mm; inner diameter: 6.35 mm; thickness: 4.45 mm; weight: 4.12g. Gold plated copper alloy rings of a similar shape and style have been processed as Treasure (cf. 2009 T513). As this example is not damaged, exposing an inner core, it is difficult to say whether it is pure gold or gold plated. However…
Created on: Monday 25th July 2016
Last updated: Friday 8th December 2023
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Whissendine', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: ESS-C0C162
Object type: PENANNULAR RING
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Published
Crushed and distorted gold lock ring. Triangular in section, the ring has one plain sheet gold face and two faces comprising twisted gold wires probably joined by soldering (see scientific report). The sheet gold is folded at the terminals to form the side-plates. The ring is hollow. Non-destructive X-ray fluorescence analysis of the surface of the wire lock ring by the British Museum's Scientific Research section indicated a surface composition for the sheet gold face of approximately 86% gold, 11% silver and 3% copper. The sheet gold is folded at its ends to form the triangular e…
Created on: Friday 21st March 2014
Last updated: Wednesday 6th December 2017
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'East Colchester Area', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: ESS-71DFE4
Object type: PENANNULAR RING
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Published
1. Ring. Gold ring appearing to have been soldered together from two separate bands. Both bands have a D-sectioned profile and their terminals overlap for c.2mm. There are a number of small scuffs and scratches to the surface of the ring. Dimensions: Width (of ring): 9mm; Width of individual band: 4.5mm; Diameter (ext.) (max.): 13.5mm; Diameter (ext.) (min.): 12mm; Diameter (int.): 9mm; Thickness: 1mm. 2. Ring. Gold ring appearing to have been soldered together from two separate bands. Both bands have a D-sectioned profile, their terminals do not meet and are c.1mm apart. Dimensions…
Created on: Monday 17th March 2014
Last updated: Thursday 21st March 2024
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Great Totham Area', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: ESS-1D0C48
Object type: INGOT
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
A fragment of an ingot or, perhaps more likely, an incomplete piece of goldwork from the production process. Half of the fragment has been hammered into a bar with a relatively regular square cross-section. The end appears to have been cut. The remainder of the fragment has not been as highly worked and is a relatively irregular sub-rectangular shape that tapers away to a thinner cross-section. It is not clear whether this end has been cut or whether it has broken. The more highly worked end of the fragment can be compared with a fragment with rectangular profile from Chalvington w…
Created on: Friday 6th December 2013
Last updated: Friday 15th April 2016
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-C13B97
Object type: RIBBON
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Published
A gold fragment of parallel sided strip or ribbon. The ribbon is rectangular in plan and made from a sheet of gold. One side of the ribbon is decorated with four regular, longitudinal, incised grooves. The other side of the ribbon is plain with some light scratches. The ribbon is slightly contorted indicating that the ribbon may have been folded and then un-folded. The damage is not new. One end has a neat, flat-ended terminal with sharp 90 degree corners implying the original finish. There is a circular perforation located 1.54mm from this end of the ribbon which is slightly off-cent…
Created on: Monday 15th October 2012
Last updated: Friday 29th August 2014
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Tendring District Area', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: ESS-AF35D7
Object type: PENANNULAR RING
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Published
Description: 1. A gold ring of circular cross-section gently tapering to flat terminals. The ring bears decorative, narrow, stripes of yellow and paler gold; the stripes are still, clearly, visible on both, exterior, sides and the interior circumference, though are heavily worn on the outer circumference. There is some damage to the flat terminals Weight: 4g, External width: 14.75mm, Internal width: 6.51mm, Max breadth: 4.39mm. Discussion: The silvery-striped gold pennanular ring is a fairly common object dating to the Late Bronze Age (1150-750BC) (Meeks et al. 2004). Comparab…
Created on: Tuesday 3rd April 2012
Last updated: Tuesday 5th December 2017
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Roxwell Area', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: ESS-AD6886
Object type: PENANNULAR RING
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Published
2012 T237. Description 1. A plain, gold ring of oval cross-section. Thickening occurs towards one side, with flat terminals. There is damage to both terminals. Weight: 9g, External width: 15.95mm, Internal width: 7.04mm, Max breadth (thicker side): 4.89mm, Max breadth (thinner side): 4.44mm. Discussion The solid gold pennanular ring is a fairly common object dating to the Late Bronze Age (1150-750BC) (Meeks et al. 2008). There are further penannular rings which have been recently found in broader environs as at Kelvedon, Essex (ESS-E97973) and at Takeley, Essex (ESS-E8A4F8…
Created on: Tuesday 3rd April 2012
Last updated: Tuesday 5th December 2017
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as '"Finchingfield, Essex"', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: ESS-CB3683
Object type: PENANNULAR RING
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Published
Description A gold composite ring comprising three elements that appear to be thin c-sectioned gold strips soldered together. The ring is bent to an oval shape with one end overlapping the other. The gold is light coloured and the surfaces smooth except where the strips have been soldered. Max diameter: 11mm; min diameter: 8mm; width: 6mm; weight: 3.5g Discussion The soldered strip manufacture of the ring resembles a well known Middle Bronze Age type dated to 1300-1100BC. Recent finds of these composite rings include a tripartite one in the Newchurch area of the Isle of Wight (Treasur…
Created on: Friday 25th September 2009
Last updated: Thursday 21st March 2024
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Tendring District', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: ESS-0068F1
Object type: PENANNULAR RING
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Published
2005 T495: Description 3-coil gold penannular ring which appears to be made from a rolled-up length of gold sheet; the wire thus made has a flattened oval section. The ends are slightly tapered and terminate level with each other. A very small part of the tip of one end is broken off revealing a void. The piece has been squashed in the ground. Maximum dimensions (as distorted) 28mm x 10.5mm; breadth 4mm; weight 4.46 grams. Composition See appended report. Identification Coiled gold rings (but of solid, round-sectioned wire) have been found in two Bronze Age hoards containing gold or…
Created on: Thursday 6th September 2007
Last updated: Thursday 21st March 2024
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Takeley', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: ESS-45C591
Object type: PENANNULAR RING
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Published
CORONER'S REPORT Description A late Bronze Age penannular gold ring of oval cross-section. The piece originally had alternate stripes of yellow and paler gold although this is now barely visible except internally where the surface is less worn. Measurement of specific gravity indicated that it comprises a gold covering over a base metal core. Composition Non-destructive X-ray fluorescence analysis of the surface of a very worn striped penannular ring indicated for the yellow stripes a gold content of 79-83% , a silver content of 13-17%, the remainder being copper. The gold…
Created on: Thursday 16th August 2007
Last updated: Tuesday 5th December 2017
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Theydon Mount CP', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: ESS-E9CCB4
Object type: PENANNULAR RING
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Published
A Middle Bronze Age bipartite composite penannular ring, complete but pulled out (possibly post-deposition). The piece comprises two lightly c-sectioned gold strips joined longitudinally. Length 30.5mm; width 5.3mm; thickness 1.3mm; weight 1.62 grams. This is a well known Middle Bronze Age type, decorative in nature, dating to circa 1300-100BC.
Created on: Tuesday 12th December 2006
Last updated: Thursday 21st March 2024
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Coggeshall', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: ESS-E97973
Object type: PENANNULAR RING
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Published
Gold penannular ring with body of circular cross-section tapering gently to flat terminals. The ring bears decorative narrow stripes of yellow and paler gold but this is heavily worn, especially at the circumference and outer surfaces. Slight damage to one terminal suggests that the ring comprises a gold covering over a base metal core (this was subsequently confirmed in the laboratory).The ring has an external diameter of 16x14.5mm, an internal diameter of 6mm, a breadth of 5mm and weighs 5.28g. Non-destructive X-ray fluorescence analysis of the surface of a striped penannular rin…
Created on: Tuesday 12th December 2006
Last updated: Tuesday 5th December 2017
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Kelvedon', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: ESS-E8A4F8
Object type: PENANNULAR RING
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Published
Penannular gold ring of subcircular section, with decorative banding in yellow and paler gold (Treasure case 2004 T502). The silver-rich stripes particularly have an etched appearance; examination by a Colchester Museums conservator suggested that the find had been cleaned after discovery. Analysis suggests that the ring is solid (ie does not have a base metal core). It has a dimeter of 18mm, is 6.2mm thick, has a 3.5mm gap between the terminals and weighs 14.35g. Penannular gold rings of this type are assigned to the late Bronze Age, c.1150-750 BC.
Created on: Tuesday 12th December 2006
Last updated: Tuesday 5th December 2017
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Takeley', grid reference and parish protected.