NMGW-E99293: COIN
A corroded and worn Roman sestertius, probably issued by Marcus Aurelius AD 161 - 180; minted at Rome. Reverse, providentiae standing left.
Stable URI: https://finds.org.uk/database/artefacts/record/id/181726

NMGW-3F62F4: COIN
A copper alloy Roman radiate of Victorinus (AD 269-271), dating to the period AD 269-271 (Reece Period 13). INVICTVS reverse type, depicting Sol running left, right hand raised, holding whip in left hand. Gallic Mint I. Elmer 683, Cunetio 2545
Stable URI: https://finds.org.uk/database/artefacts/record/id/182119

NMGW-22A933: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy plate disc brooch of 2nd century AD date The brooch is near complete, missing only the pin and peripheral lugs. The brooch is flat and had eight peripheral lugs, with a surviving maximum width of 22.50mm and weighs 3.4g. The brooch would have employed an open spring mechanism, secured by pierced lugs on the reverse. The eroded catch plate gives the brooch a surviving depth of 4.96mm. All peripheral lugs are damaged, but are likely to have been dished near the ends. The circular disc has a diameter of 18.5mm and is decorated with circular and concentric enamelled cells. The outer ring is filled with green-black enamel and the inner ring is filled with red enamel. The central circular is likely to have originally held enamel, but is now lost. The circular enamelled rings are of a single colour, which is a little unusual for the brooch type. The surface of the brooch is moderately well preserved, with a brown patina.
Stable URI: https://finds.org.uk/database/artefacts/record/id/184921

NMGW-252132: BUCKLE
Medieval copper alloy buckle plate, probably of 13th or 14th century date The buckle plate is near complete, although the buckle frame and pin are missing. The plate has a length of 21.88mm, a width of 18.04mm and has a weight of 3.8g. The buckle plate is folded with a slot for the pin and a recess for the frame. The rear of the folded plate is narrower than the face, with a width of 14.59mm. The face is decorated with a rocker-arm or zigzag border, outside a square panel defined by incised lines. On the interior of the panel is an incised spiral. The incised square and spiral contain remnants of a white in-filled deposit. The buckle plate was attached by means of two separate protruding dome-headed rivets (2.7mm diameter) positioned near the attachment end and are still in place. The buckle plate has poor surface preservation with a dark green patina, elsewhere the surface is pale green and brown. The buckle plate can be closely paralleled with a longer, double spiralled example recorded from a 13th or 14th century deposit from Bishopgate, Norwich (Margeson, 1993, p 28, fig. 13.134) . The Norwich example was gilded and also has white infill within the spiral, suggested to be enamel. Margeson (ibid, p24) suggests the Bishopgate example may have been made in the workshops around Limoges, France.

NMGW-2552A2: STRAP FITTING
Medieval copper alloy belt or strap mount, probably of 15th or 16th century date The mount is rectangular with a slightly distorted length of 33.44mm, a width of 14.09mm and has a weight of 2.8g. The mount has incised decoration comprising a border containing a central lozenge; outside the lozenge is a rocker-arm or zigzag motif within the triangular panels. At the centre of the lozenge is a circular perforation of 5.4mm diameter. The mount was attached by two separate copper alloy rivets (2.2mm diameter) at each end. The mount has moderately good surface preservation with a mid-green patina and some evidence of tinning. The mount can be closely paralleled with excavated examples recovered from 15th and 16th century deposits at London (Egan & Pritchard, 1991, p 197, Nos. 1052-1054) , Norwich (Margeson, 1991, p. 38, fig. 22.264)1 and elsewhere.

NMGW-256AE4: COIN
Roman Empire, House of Valentinian I c.AD364-78, bronze SECVRITAS REIPVBLICAE, uncertain mint.

NMGW-258B11: COIN
A copper alloy ROman nummus of Valens (AD 364-378), dating to the period AD 364-378 (Reece Period 19). SECVRITAS REI PVBLICAE reverse type, depicting Victory advancing left, holding wreath and palm. Unclear mint.

NMGW-F16A12: STEELYARD WEIGHT
Medieval copper alloy steelyard weight fragment, probably of late 13th or early 14th century date The weight is represented by a fragment of the copper alloy outer casing only and has a surviving height of 54.8mm, a surviving width of 57.3mm and has a weight of 47.3g.The casing has a thickness of 2.7mm. The casing has an embossed heraldic shield device (35.3mm long by 27.8mm wide) comprising three chevrons, the upper chevron abuts the top of the shield. Each chevron is enhanced with a central incised line. The cells surrounding the chevrons are unlikely to have held enamel. The copper alloy is flattened at the base of the fragment, indicating the beginning of the base. At the top of the fragment is an incised horizontal line, with the suggestion of incised chevrons above. The copper alloy has good surface preservation with a pale to mid green patina.

NMGW-5B9741: COIN
A copper alloy contemporary copy of a nummus of Constantius II (AD 323-361), dating to the period AD 353-360 (Reece Period 18). FEL TEMP REPARATIO reverse type, depicting a soldier advancing left, spearing a fallen horseman. Copying unclear mint. 0.52g

NMGW-5D9085: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy gilt plate brooch of glass centre-boss type and dating to the 2nd or 3rd century AD The brooch is near-complete, missing the pin and central setting. The circular brooch has a diameter of 33.7mm and weighs 17.3g. The pin and spring were likely to have been iron and were secured around a singly pierced lug on the rear of the brooch. There is a weak rib between the lug and the narrow catch (8.1mm wide). The front of the brooch is decorated with concentric circles defined by moulded ribs. The outer ring is decorated with a repeating punched S-shaped motif. The inner ring is decorated with punched conjoining circles, placed against the dividing rib, so that many of the circles are incomplete. The central setting has a diameter of 17.0mm and was seated within a deeper rib. The setting was likely to have been a coloured glass boss. At the centre of the empty setting is an unusual circular and slightly raised annulet, of uncertain purpose. The surface of the brooch is well preserved with gilding surviving in both outer rings. Tinning survives on the rear of the brooch. Elsewhere, the copper alloy has a pale to mid-green patina.

NMGW-600BE8: KEY (LOCKING)
Roman copper alloy key handle of mid 2nd to 5th century date The handle is incomplete, missing the top of the loop and the base of the socket, with a surviving length of 52.2mm and a weight of 41.8g. The handle would have comprised three oval or pear-shaped loops and has a maximum width of 35.5mm. Projection remnants at each side, may suggest flanking leaves that have been lost. The base of the handle comprises a rectangular panel (25.3mm wide, 10.1mm deep and 11.2mm thick) with three horizontal ribs. The lower part of the handle comprises a broken rectangular socket with a less prominent horizontal rib. The remnants of the base on the handle have extensive iron corrosion, indicating an iron key, now lost. The surface of the copper alloy is quite poorly preserved and has surviving area of pale green patina.

NMGW-857132: CASTING WASTE
Copper alloy single-runner casting jet of uncertain date, possibly Middle to Late Bronze Age, c.1500-750BC The jet is irregular and conical-oval in shape, with a length at the top of 34.8mm and a width of 23.3mm. The jet has a weight of 35.0g and an overall depth of 17.4mm. At the base of the jet is a projecting stub or single-runner (19mm x 12mm x 7mm), which would have fed into the mould. The jet has an irregular surface with a dark green patina.

NMGW-897F40: COIN
Constans AD 337 - 350, Half-Maiorina, FEL TEMP REPARATIO, Pheonix r.on pyre, //TRS[]. Trier, 348-50.

NMGW-89D8D5: COIN
Gratian, AD367-383, Brinze, GLORIA NOVI SAECVLI, OF II//[CON] = Arles Mint.

NMGW-8A04F2: COIN
Arcadius AD 383 - 408, small bronze VICTORIA AVGG //LVGP = Lyon c.388-92 LRBC ii, 392.

NMGW-8A2B14: COIN
Gratian, AD 367 - 383, bronze, GLORIA NOVI SAECVLI, N-//SCON = Arles LRBC ii,511.

NMGW-8A3F07: COIN
House of Valentinian I AD 364 - 378, bronze, GLORIA ROMANORVM, mint unknown.

NMGW-8A5EE5: COIN
Gratian AD 367 - 383, bronze, GLORIA ROMANORVM, Soldier and captive (fragment).

NMGW-8A7107: COIN
Theodora commemorative nummus c.AD337-40 PIETAS ROMANA, Trier Mint.

NMGW-8A8A72: COIN
Divus Claudius, radiate, posthumous coinage in the name of Claudius II (268-70) circa AD 270.

NMGW-8AB3C7: COIN
Tacitus AD275-6, radiate ('aurelianus') TEMPORVM FELICITAS A*//- = Lyon Mint

NMGW-8AD7A1: COIN
Valentinian I AD364-75, bronze, GLORIA ROMANORVM, soldier and captive, //SMAQP = Aquileia LRBC ii 992

NMGW-8AEB28: COIN
Constantinopolis revers - Victory on prow, irregular nummus 9mm diameter AD330+

NMGW-9759E6: COSMETIC MORTAR
Roman copper alloy cosmetic mortar, probably of 1st or 2nd century AD date The cosmetic mortar is complete and has a length of 58.4mm and has a weight of 15.1g. The end-loop is of circular section (3.0mm-3.9mm thick) and is of turned-over form with a bill-like projection, which continues beneath the bow for a length of 9.6mm. The loop and projecting bill was likely to have been intended to resemble a stylised duck’s head (Jackson 1985, p 168) . The loop has an internal diameter of 4.9mm (11.3mm external). The bow has a maximum width around the centre of 8.3mm and a maximum thickness of 8.0mm. The base of the bow is rounded and the sides are straight. There is no decoration evident on the bow. The groove begins as a shallow depression on top of the loop and is of wide U-shaped section with a length of 43mm and a depth at the centre of 1.6mm. No wear facets are discernible in the groove. The terminal is knobbed and is separated from the bow by a wider moulding (5.2mm diameter). The cosmetic mortar has good surface preservation with a pale green patina.

NMGW-97F033: BRACELET
Copper alloy beaded bracelet fragment of late Iron Age to Early Roman date, c. 1st century AD The bracelet is represented by two globular beads and has a surviving length of 25.0mm and weighs 7.2g. The beads have a thickness and width of 9.0mm. The bracelet thins to 5.2mm between the beads. The surface of the bracelet is eroded but some surviving decoration is evident, comprising ribs near the ends of the beads. The curvature of the bracelet fragment may suggest a bracelet of c. 50mm diameter. The bracelet has poor surface preservation with pale-green surface colour.

NMGW-C1B167: VESSEL
Roman copper alloy vessel or furniture leg The leg is complete and has a length of 64.3mm and a weight of 15.7g. The top of the leg has an L-shaped bracket (with a length of 11.2mm and a width of 5.3mm) to support a vessel above. Remnants of a white adhesive or solder are discernible on the surfaces of the bracket. The leg is of sub-lozenge section and has an undulating curve to the foot. The front of the leg is enhanced with moulded projections near the top and incised grooves around the mid-section. At the rear of the mid-section is an incomplete loop (7.8mm diameter), the interior of which appears unfinished and may not have been visible. There is a casting flaw on the outside of the loop. The foot is slight (10.6mm long and 4.9mm wide) and projects forward. The copper alloy has good surface preservation with mid-green patina. The leg can be closely paralleled with an example excavated at Caerwent Basilica (Chapman pers. comm.; SF738 (c1525/G5062) gutter fill?, East Road, phase 4) from a 4th century context.

NMGW-C4CF26: VESSEL
Copper alloy inscribed plate, probably of Roman period date The plate is fragmentary and has a surviving length of 27.5mm surviving height of 20.9mm and a weight of 6.9g. The plate has a thickness of 2.5-2.8mm. The base of the fragment has an original edge, while the other edges are broken. The plate is curved across both its length and height. On the front of the plate is deeply incised lettering and decoration. The letter R is discernible after a ring-and –dot motif. Both appear to be within a double curved border outside of which is a hatched design. The plate has broken along the top of the inner border. The plate has good surface preservation with a green-bronze patina.

NMGW-C51803: SOCKETED AXEHEAD
Late Bronze Age bronze socketed axe of Southern English ribbed type, Class B (Type Welby) and of Ewart Park metalworking tradition, corresponding to Needham's (1996) Period 7, c. 950 - 750BC. The axe-head is complete, with an overall length of 105.4mm and a weight of 344.0g. The mouth of the axe is sub-rectangular, with internal dimensions of 31.1mm (depth) by 25.9mm (width). The sub-triangular socket has a depth of 75.4mm. No casting stubs are evident on the mouth but there are broken areas above each face, where the casting stubs may have been removed. Below the mouth (6.2mm beneath) is a prominent and well-defined mouth-moulding giving the axe a maximum depth of 43.5mm and width of 39.0mm. Beneath the moulding is a plain concave collar ending in a poorly-defined moulding, which appears as a slight step on the looped side. The loop begins immediately above the lower moulding and is of D-shaped section (5.6mm thick) with a width of 10.6mm, a length of 29.0mm and has a height of 11.6mm. The casting seams are clearly visible and have been neatly finished, but appear less well-finished above the loop. The sides are straight before they expand rapidly at the blade to produce a crescentric blade edge with a width of 52.3mm. Little of the original blade edge survives but the blade does not appear to be much worn. The axe has a rectangular body section, where the sides are slightly convex across their width. Both faces of the axe are decorated with three parallel ribs beginning at the lower moulding and continuing for 45mm. The face sides are also slightly enhanced to suggested further ribs. Rows of hammer marks are evident on the blade and sharpening striations are discernible running along the blade. The axe has good surface preservation with a mid-green patina. One face has a recent mark running as far as the blade which cuts the patina and was likely to have been caused during excavation. There is a black deposit surviving over large areas of the axe surface, confirmed by XRD analysis conducted by Mary Davis to be tenorite calcite, which is unlikely to be a natural corrosion product and was seemingly applied as a deliberate coating to the axe surface.

NMGW-D79451: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy disc brooch of wheel type and dating to the late 1st to 2nd century AD The brooch is complete and has a weight of 7.8g. The brooch has a hinge mechanism with twin lugs and an iron axis bar, evidenced by iron corrosion over the lugs. The circular brooch frame has a diameter of 34.3mm. The rim of the brooch projects above the surface and has no peripheral lugs. The outside ring or felloe is comparatively wide at 6.8mm with two concave panels, forming a central ridge. The inner edge of the felloe has a smaller raised rim. The brooch has four arms of sub- rectangular section and straight parallel sides. The central boss is concave and circular with a diameter of 7.7mm. The top of the boss is also concave and has an integral projecting knop of 2.7mm diameter, giving the brooch a height of 7.3mm (15.2mm overall depth). The brooch has good surface preservation with a pale to mid green patina. Deep file marks from the finishing of the brooch are evident on the reverse.

NMGW-E7EC47: COIN
Victorinus radiate, Virtus Aug, r. Mint I, much corroded.

NMGW-4EE498: COIN
A copper alloy Roman radiate of Tetricus I (AD 271-274), dating to the period AD 271-274 (Reece Period 13). PAX AVG reverse type, depicting Pax, draped, standing left, holding olive-branch in right hand and sceptre in left hand. Gallic Mint I. Normanby 1477.

NMGW-6685EC: BROOCH
An incomplete cast copper alloy Roman flat disc brooch (c. AD 75-300). The brooch is missing the pin. The body of the brooch is circular in plan and flat in profile (24.5mm in diameter, 2.1mm depth). Six peripheral knops (c. 3.7mm wide) decorate the outer circumference but all have been broken sometime in antiquity. The hinge mechanism is positioned on the reverse of the top knop, which is broken and missing appx. half of the height in an old break (surviving height is 7.7mm, 3.7mm wide). Directly across the plate is another knop which accommodates the catchplate on the reverse (surviving width 3.4mm, height 3.7mm). The disc is decorated with an outer band (2.5mm thick) incised with two thin lines around the circumference, and a single recessed band (4mm thick) likely once containing enamel surrounding a centrally perforated raised centre (6.9mm diameter; the hole is 2.2mm in diameter). The reverse is flat and undecorated. The object has a mid-green patina with a maximum length of 32mm, width 24.8mm, depth 5.4mm at the catchplate and weighs 5.22g. Brooches of this type have been classified as enamelled disc brooches with peripheral lugs in Hattatt 1987 p.170. Similar brooches are recorded on the PAS database: NMS-532C12, SUR-E3D7CD.

NMGW-A32297: HARNESS FITTING
Early Medieval copper alloy harness mount probably of 11th century date The harness mount or strap distributor is of four-arm, cross form (four-way harness link) and is incomplete, missing one of the arms and the loop from another arm (with a surviving length of 61.5mm, a surviving width of 50.1mm and a weight of 43.7g). The arms are of D-shaped section (6.1mm wide and 5-6mm thick) with concave sides. The harness strap loops are circular to oval (9mm diameter) and are bevelled towards the rear. The loops are enhanced with three rounded knops (5-6mm wide, 5-6mm thick and 4-5m high). The central boss is domed with a flat top (17.7mm high, 19.3mm diameter at the base and 11m diameter at the apex). The rear of the boss is hollow. One side of the boss is damaged and perforated, where the missing arm has been lost. The surface is poorly preserved with remnant traces of pale green patina; elsewhere the surface has a red-brown colour. The harness mount can be closely paralleled with an example recovered from Sutton, Suffolk (Williams 2007, p 5-6) Published in Redknap (2012, 191; fig. 5c)

NMGW-A42002: BLADE
Copper alloy blade of uncertain date The object is a tanged bladed implement (with an overall length of 71.0mm and a weight of 5.5g). The blade is leaf-shaped (with a length of 36mm and maximum width of 16.5mm) with a central rib producing a flattened lozenge section (2.7m thick). The tang is of sub-rectangular section and both narrows and thickens towards the terminal (with a width of 1.6mm - 3mm and a thickness of 2.7mm - 3.1mm). The surface has a pale brown discolouration, with a pale to mid-green patina beneath. The implement is difficult to closely parallel and may be seen to resemble a spatula, arrowhead or knife in form. However these forms of implements tend to differ stylistically or technologically to this example, making a confident identification difficult.

NMGW-FC5697: BROOCH
Late Iron Age copper alloy bow brooch of La Tène III type and probably of mid-1st century BC to mid-1st century AD date The brooch is near complete with peripheral damage (with a length of 51.2mm, a depth of 15mm and a weight of 4.1g). The brooch is of one-piece construction with an internal chord and four spring coils (with a width of 10.8mm and diameter of 1.8mm - 2.3mm). The bow is sheet metal (with a thickness of 0.5mm) and comprises two oval lobes, separated by a narrowing in the bow. The upper lobe is damaged (with a surviving width of 15.6mm and a length of 11mm) and is likely to have been dished (convex) originally. The upper lobe was decorated with an incised geometric design, probably comprising opposing triangles. A seperate strip of copper alloy (1.5mm wide and 1.5mm thick) has been bent around the bow where it narrows. The lower lobe (with a width of 15.9mm and a length of 16mm) is flat and no decoration is now discernible. The bow narrows to a thin leg (with a maximum width of 4mm) with straight sides converging to the simple pointed foot. The front of the leg has a crude double-incised vertical groove. The catch-plate has largely been lost from the rear of the leg, with a small remnant surviving behind the foot. The brooch has an inconsistent pale-green patina, which appears to overlie the black discoloured copper alloy, possibly as a result of burning. The brooch can be closely paralleled with an example recorded by Hattatt (1989, p 22-24, No. 1454)[1] found at Hanging Langford, Wiltshire, c. 40km to the south of this find. Hattatt (ibid.) states that the form is an unusual import of the Gaulish 'Unguiforme' type and of Feugère (1985)[2] Type 11; Hull placed the type as 10.H within the La Tène III brooches. Brooches of the type have a largely southern English distribution within Britain. Most other examples, except the Hanging Langford and this example have a single lobe on the bow and both of these examples have similar decoration on the upper lobe. The Hanging Langford example does not have a strip around the bow and there does not appear to be any practical purpose for this strip. It would seem likely that the strip is a reference to the 'clips' from the return of the leg in earlier La Tène II brooches.

NMGW-576054: TOKEN
Henry, farthing, 1663 BW Devon 28, 0.710g, corroded.

NMGW-E6F8E6: UNIDENTIFIED OBJECT
Copper alloy looped swivel of uncertain date, possibly Roman The fitting comprises two parts (with an overall length of 42.0mm and a weight of 20.2g), a looped peg inside a double-hooked frame with socket. The loop is circular (with a diameter of 19.2mm and an internal diameter of 12.4mm) and is of eroded sub-square section. Beneath the loop is a tapering plug, seemingly cast within a circular socket and is held by two strips, which engage with grooves in the plug. Each side of the socket has an integral hook (with a width of 39.3mm and a depth of 21.1mm). There is a decorative groove and corresponding rib on the hook, flanking the socket. No other decoration is discernible on the fitting. The surface has differential surface preservation, with deep brown surface, discoloured by a recent coating.

NMGW-7EE142: BROOCH
An early-medieval copper-alloy brooch of ansate type, dating from the 8th or 9th century The brooch is incomplete, missing the head (with a surviving length of 29.7 mm and a weight of 3.4 g). The arched bow gives the brooch a depth of 13 mm. The bow is of D-shaped section (2.8 mm thick) with straight parallel sides (7.5 mm wide). The bow is decorated with horizontal ribs, positioned at the apex of the arched bow and at the top of the leg. There is a further slight rib at the foot and there was likely to have been another rib between the head and the arched bow and a corresponding weaker rib at the top of the head. No other decoration is evident on the brooch. The catch-plate survives on the rear of the bow, positioned at the top of the leg (with a length of 5.5 mm and a surviving depth of 2.4 mm). Coarse file marks are evident on the rear of the bow. The surface of the brooch is well preserved with dark brown patina. The brooch can be closely paralleled with an example found near Dover and recorded by Hattatt (1989, 211; no. 1686). A similar brooch, recovered from Grigley on the Hill, Nottinghamshire has been recorded by PAS. Weetch dates these brooches to the 8th or 9th centuries.

NMGW-490957: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy penannular brooch of Fowler’s (1960) Type B (or ‘omega’ / Iberian type) and of sub-type B3, probably of c. mid 1st to early 2nd century AD date The brooch is fragmentary, but is complete except for the missing pin (with a width of 45mm, a height of 44mm and a weight of 14.2g). The hoop is of quadrangular section (having a width of 6.0mm and a thickness of 4.0mm) with rounded faces, faceted on the interior edge. The terminals are composed of a crescent moulding opposing the hoop with a ‘tear-shaped’ device between the crescent and hoop. The brooch is eroded but the surface is well-preserved with a pale to mid-green patina.

NMGW-DEB551: COIN
Roman Copper Alloy coin (coin 2). Valens (probably) AD364-78, SECVRITAS REPIPVBLICAE .//SCON (=Arles) I.R.B.C. ii, 502.

NMGW-82F933: COIN
Roman copper alloy, House of Valentinian, GLORIA ROMANORVM, uncertain emperor and mint, c.364-78

NMGW-9922A7: COIN
A copper alloy Roman nummus of Constans (AD 333-350), dating to the period AD 348-350 (Reece Period 18). FEL TEMP REPARATIO reverse type, depicting a phoenix standing right on a rocky mound. Probably mint of Trier. RIC VIII Trier 226ff. 1.350g

NMGW-994341: COIN
A copper alloy nummus of Constans (AD 333-350), dating to the period AD 348-350 (Reece Period 18). FEL TEMP REPARATIO reverse type, depicting a phoenix, radiate, standing right on globe. Mint of Trier. RIC VIII, p. 154, no. 234. 2.043g

NMGW-995541: COIN
Roman Copper Alloy Coin, Valentinian I bronze Gloris Romanorum Arles OF III . // CON LRBC ii, 487 1.747g

NMGW-997096: COIN
Roman Copper Alloy Coin, House of Valentinian bronze Gloria Romanorum uncertain, 2.070g

NMGW-2853B5: BUCKLE
Roman copper alloy buckle of 2nd or 3rd century AD date The buckle is incomplete, and is missing a little less than half of the buckle’s width. The buckle has a length of 45.83mm, a maximum surviving width of 29.83mm and weighs 5.4g. The buckle frame is of flat section with a thickness of 2.3mm. The outside edge of the frame is curved and extends into the interior of the frame with a C-scroll, terminating in circular knops either side of the recess for the pin. At the rear of the buckle is a rectangular loop, with a T-shaped aperture, to secure the strap. The front of the frame is decorated with incised diagonal lines at each corner. The buckle has a pale-green surface patina and is slightly distorted. This buckle type is associated with the Roman military and is thought to date from the second half of the second century to the first half of the third century AD (Oldenstein 1976) . The buckle can be paralleled with a number of examples in the National Museum Wales Collections and largely recovered from Caerleon, Newport (Chapman, 2005) .

NMGW-28AC12: BUCKLE
Post Medieval copper alloy asymmetrical buckle, probably of 17th century date The buckle is concave in profile with one rounded and one straight edge. The buckle frame has a length of 25.73mm, a width of 20.40mm and a depth of 6.99mm. The buckle employed a chape, wrapped around the integral bar with a slot to take the pin Iron corrosion around the slot suggests an iron pin. The terminal of the chape has been lost. The outside edges of the buckle are likely to have carried moulded decoration now lost. The buckle has a pale green surface and weighs 5.2g.

NMGW-B91647: COIN
Roman Copper Alloy Coin. Mid 2nd Century (?) As or Dupondius. Uncertain.

NMGW-E8D995: FINGER RING
Roman copper alloy finger ring, probably of 3rd century date The cast finger ring is of 'Trinket' type and is complete (with a height of 25.1mm and a weight of 7.4g). The hoop is of sub-triangular section with straight sides, diverging slightly towards the bezel (3.0mm wide at the base and 5.0mm wide beneath the shoulders and 3.1mm thick). The interior of the hoop is roughly finished and exhibits file marks. The hoop has an internal diameter of 18.7mm. The shoulders are decorated with two to threes incised linear cuts. The bezel is sub-hexagonal (13.3mm long, 11.1mm wide and 3.4mm thick) and is convex across its width. The bezel is crudely decorated with incised or punched decoration comprising a punched-dot hexagonal border and central column. Transverse incised lines flank the top and bottom of the central column. A punched mark decorates the midsections on each side, between the transverse marks. The surface of the ring has a dark brown patina and the file marks and fresh appearance of the ring suggest that it was lost or discarded soon after production. The ring form would seem to best fit with Henig's (1974) Type XIII, trinket-rings with relatively large bezels and slender hoops, which he dates to the third century AD.

NMGW-99EBE7: COIN
A copper alloy Roman radiate or nummus of an uncertain ruler dating to the period AD 260-402. Uncertain reverse type. Unclear mint. Corroded & pierced, possibly from secondary usage during the Early Medieval period

NMGW-9DA7C1: MOUNT
Roman copper alloy mount or possibly a modified disc brooch of 2nd century AD date The mount is a flat circular disc with twelve peripheral lugs (with a diameter of 21.9mm, a thickness of 1.8mm and a weight of 2.7g). The face is decorated with enamelled cells comprising a six-pointed star with a central circular pellet. The exterior of the star was filled with blue enamel and the interior contains red enamel. The rear of the mount is flat and plain. There is the suggestion of a shallow grove running across the rear. The surface of the copper alloy has a pale green patina. The mount may have been modified in antiquity from a plate brooch of disc type. The face of can be closely very paralleled with an example from Norfolk recorded by Hattatt

NMGW-9E75E1: STRAP END
Early Medieval copper alloy strap-end of 9th to later 10th century date The strap-end is incomplete and slightly distorted, missing the outside edge and possibly the attachment edge (with a surviving length of 35.6mm and a weight of 7.0g). The form of strap-end corresponds with Thomas' (2004, p 4) Class F. The strap-end is widest at the attachment end (with a width of 16.9mm) and may have been attached using two circular holes (2.0mm and 1.5mm diameters) near the corners, although there is no slot to accommodate the strap. The sides are straight but irregular and converge towards the break (where the strap-end has a width of 15.4mm). The front has a raised border, encompassing the perforations. Above the break is a prominent roundel with a raised outer border (17.2mm diameter and 3.2mm thick) containing a flat panel with radiating incised lines. At the centre of the roundel is a smaller border around a depression (3.1mm diameter), which may have held a glass or stone setting. Between the roundel and the attachment holes is the remnants of an interlace design. The rear of the strap-end is flat and plain. The missing terminal of the strap-end was likely to have been of sub-triangular form of a stylised beast's head. The surface has a green to brown patina. Traces of gilding survive within the roundel. Class F strap-ends are drawn from Insular metalworking with features originating from Ireland (ibid.) with Viking-period Dublin possibly being a production centre.

NMGW-9E8D60: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of Hod Hill type and of 1st century AD date (probably mid to late 1st century AD) The brooch is incomplete, missing the pin and leg (with a surviving length of 36.2mm, a depth of 6.7mm and a weight of 52.3g). The hinged spring is secured within a rolled head (18.7mm wide). The sides of the head converge towards the upper bow. The upper bow has side lugs beneath the head (21.4mm width), beneath which the sides of the bow are straight and convergent. The bow is decorated with vertical ribbing (2.6mm thick), with the suggestion that the ribs were knurled. The bow is stepped to the leg (with a width of 10.7mm and a thickness of 2.2mm) where the decorative double ribs are horizontal above the break. The rear of the bow is flat and plain and the beginnings of the catch-plate are evident at the top of the leg. The surface has a mid brown patina.

NMGW-2CEAC8: COIN
Roman copper alloy Roman as of Vespasian (AD 69-79), dating to the period AD 69-79 (Reece Period 4). AEQVITAS AVGVSTI reverse type, depicting Aequitas standing left, holding scales and rod. Probably mint of Rome.

NMGW-2D0457: COIN
An incomplete copper alloy cast contemporary copy of a Roman as of Domitian (AD 81-96), dating to the period AD 85-96 (Reece Period 4). Uncertain reverse type. Copying mint of Rome.

NMGW-2D0F36: COIN
A copper alloy Roman as of Hadrian (AD 117-138), dating to the period AD 121-122 (Reece Period 6). P M TR P COS III S C FORT RED reverse type, depicting Fortuna, draped, seated left on low seat, holding rudder on ground in right hand and cornucopiae in left. Mint of Rome. RIC II, Hadrian 617.

NMGW-2E6C15: COIN
A copper alloy probable nummus of an uncertain ruler, dating to the period AD 330-402 . Uncertain reverse type. Unclear mint.

NMGW-2EECF6: VESSEL
Roman copper alloy vessel lid The lid is complete and includes the hinge from the copper alloy vessel (with an overall length of 59.3mm, a width of 46.5mm and a weight of 36.7g). The surviving fragment from the body of the vessel is solid and is broken at both ends (with a surviving height of 20.5mm and a surviving width of 19mm). The lug flares at the base towards the vessel and is likely to have converged to a rounded spike above the hinge. The hinge comprises two perforated lugs on the vessel (with a depth of 9.3mm and a width of 10.3mm), flanking a single central lug on the lid. A separate copper alloy axis bar (with a diameter of 2.5mm) was secured by bending each end against the outer lugs. The lid is of pelta form, where the hinged end is convex and the sides are concave. The rounded handle lug is eroded and is riveted through the lid (with a depth of 9.6mm, a length of 13.1mm and a width of 5.5mm) and appears to have been 'L' shaped. The lid is convex across its width and is of rectangular section (3.5mm thick). No decoration survives on the lid. The surface has been lost and the lid has mid-green surface colour. Traces of lead survive on the broken areas of the vessel and may suggest an attempted to repair to the vessel. The lid is likely to have been from a jug and can be closely paralleled with two examples (described as trefoil shaped) excavated at Colchester (Crummy 1983, p 73, nos. 2048-2049) from 1st or early 2nd century contexts.

Poland, Sigismund August (1547-72), four groschen for Lithuania; 1567 Presumably passed as a sixpence

NMGW-7C8871: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch probably of trumpet derivative type and 2nd century date The brooch is fragmentary and distorted, represented by the upper bow (with a length of 25.6mm and a weight of 2.5g). The brooch employed a spring mechanism, now missing. The spring was likely to have been secured within lateral lugs, which have also been lost (giving the wings a surviving 13.7mm). Above the head are the remnants of an integral chain loop. The top of the bow is flat (with a width of 9.8mm and a depth of 7.5mm). The bow has a hollow rear (U-shaped section, with a depth of 3.6mm and a thickness of 1.6mm) and straight sides converging towards the mid bow. The face is convex across its width and is decorated with a central column of opposing triangular cells, which held enamel, the remnants of which are now blue green. The bow has a horizontal groove before a button, possibly comprising three knops. The bow has broken across the button. Remnant mid brown surface patina survives in recessed areas and on the rear.

NMGW-7D2077: COIN
A copper alloy Roman nummus of the House of Valentinian (AD 364-378), dating to the period AD 364-378 (Reece Period 19). SECVRITAS REI PVBLICAE reverse type, depicting Victory advancing left, holding wreath and palm. Unclear mint.

NMGW-7FDDE7: COIN
A copper alloy Roman nummus (maiorina) of Magnentius (AD 350-353), dating to the period AD 350-353. FELICITAS REI PVBLICE reverse type, depicting Magnentius, draped, cuirassed, standing left, holding Victory on globe in right hand and standard with Chi-Rho on banner in left hand. Mint of Trier. RIC VIII, p. 258, no. 264.

NMGW-A4BA66: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Sestertius, very corroded but probably Trajan (AD98-117)

NMGW-A4D601: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Probus (AD276-82) radiate; probably Ticinum mint; reverse: perhaps PAX AVGVSTI

NMGW-A4FC76: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of Hod Hill type and of 1st century AD date The brooch is incomplete, missing the pin and leg (with a surviving length of 36.3mm, a depth of 11.6mm and a weight of 6.2g). The hinged spring was secured within a rolled head (15.2mm wide). There is iron corrosion within the rolled head, suggestion the axis bar was iron. The sides of the bow converge beneath the head and the bow is parallel sided (at 10.1mm) to the mid-bow. The upper bow is decorated with two horizontal ribs (giving a thickness of 3.0mm). The mid-bow is expanded and has two side lugs (giving a maximum width of 28.8mm). The mid section has a wide vertical groove on each side and a central vertical rib. The side lugs have central vertical ribs flanked by shallow grooves. The top of the leg has a horizontal groove before double horizontal ribs above the break. The beginning of the catch-plate is evident on the rear of the leg. The original surface of the brooch has been lost and is currently pale green to red-brown.

NMGW-A61CF1: COIN
House of Valentinian AD364-78 GLORIA ROMANORVM

NMGW-CA3104: KNIFE
Cast copper alloy leaf-shaped blade (length 63mm, width 19mm, thickness 2mm, weight 7.9g). The edges are slightly bevelled and the blade has a very slight but relatively wide midrib. One end of the blade apparently tapers into a tang which is now largely missing. The blade is in poor condition, its tip is bent and its edges are badly damaged and notched. This damage makes it difficult to evaluate whether the apparent tang is a genuine feature or simply a fortuitous break. The blade may possibly be an example of a rare type of Early to Middle Bronze Age knife known as a Class I or 'plantain razor'(Piggot 1946, 122-126, fig.5). The term 'razor' is a slight misnomer as these artefacts were almost certainly not used specifically for shaving but were rather some form of cutting tool. Unfortunately, the tang is the most diagnostic part of this artefact type and without it a positive identification is difficult.

NMGW-CBE825: SOCKETED AXEHEAD
Fragment of a cast copper alloy (probably bronze) socketed axe with a splayed and curved blade. The fragment was apparently broken and distorted in antiquity. Microscopic examination suggests the fragment is encrusted wuth ferrous and manganese oxide corrosion products presumably derived from the burial environment. Original blade width c.51mm, surviving height of fragment 40.5mm, maximum surviving thickness 13.5mm, weight 66.2g.

NMGW-743CA6: FLAT AXEHEAD
Cast copper alloy flat axe which thickens towards the middle, with a thin, narrow and originally probably slightly rounded butt and a splayed blade. The edges of both the butt and the blade are damaged, and one face in particular is heavily corroded. Two distinct casting flaws are visible on the relatively uncorroded face of the axe. The sides of the blade more or less evenly curve outwards towards the cutting edge from a point situated slightly over one third of the length of the axe from the butt. The axe is undecorated. Longitudinal stritations visible on the relatively uncorroded face of the axe adjacent to the blade edge are probably use related polish. Length 150.5mm, width of blade 89mm, width of butt c.25mm, maximum thickness 11.5mm, weight 503.6g. An example of Migdale type of Earlyu Bronze Age flat axe.

NMGW-4634E0: FLAT AXEHEAD
Early Bronze Age bronze flat axe of uncertain type, possibly of Type Dunnottar and of Metalwork Assemblage III, corresponding to Needham's (1996) Period 2, c. 2,300 - 2,050 BC. The axe has an overall length of 106.95mm and weighs 176.7g. The butt has suffered some damage, but is narrow and short with a surviving width of 16mm and would have been rounded or possibly even pointed. The sides are straight and diverge gradually to the unexpanded blade. The sides are rounded across their thickness, giving the axe an oval section. The blade has a width of 59.04mm and has a shallow blade edge. The narrow butt, straight sides and shallow edge produce a markedly triangular form to the axe. The faces are gently convex, producing a moderate lenticular long profile. The axe is thickest around its midpoint at 10.02mm. The axe has poor surface preservation with a pale brown patina, areas of the sides and faces have active corrosion.

NMGW-D8FB76: BROOCH
Medieval copper alloy annular brooch of 13th or 14th century date The brooch is near-complete, missing the pin and settings. The frame is circular with an external diameter of 47.3mm (30.3mm internal). The brooch frame comprises a plain outer bevelled edge, leading to the central ring with eight raised collets. The collets are irregular and oval (up to 8.7mm by 6.2mm) and give the brooch a maximum thickness of 7.34mm. All but one of the collets contains a white calcium deposit. Between each collet, the frame is decorated with five rows of punched ring-and-dot decoration. There is some evidence of faceting of the surface in a perpendicular or diagonal direction to the edge of the frame. The inner edge of the frame is enhanced with small circular depressions. It is unlikely that the depressions were intended to hold stone or enamel settings. The frame has a rectangular recess, between which the pin swivelled on a narrow integral bar. The rear of the brooch is plain and is bevelled on the inner edge. The copper alloy has a dark green patina with good surface preservation.

NMGW-D96EF8: BOW BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of Dolphin type and probably of mid to late 1st century AD date The brooch is incomplete and is represented by the head and upper bow, with a surviving length of 29.26mm and weighs 20.4g. The brooch employed a hinge mechanism, set within tubular wings. The wings are comparatively wide with a width of 41.71mm. The front of the wings is decorated with vertical ribs flanking panels containing short incised marks, separated by U-shaped grooves. The bow has a curved moulding against the wings, enhanced at the edges by short incised marks. The moulding continues beneath the bow forming a V-shape. The bow has a maximum width at the head of 9.36mm and is of oval section. The front of the bow is decorated with cast ornament comprising a central sub-lozenge panel defined by raised U-shaped side mouldings. The upper bow also has a central vertical rib enhanced with short incised marks. The bow has a width of 4.9mm at the break. The brooch has very good surface preservation with a brown patina.

NMGW-DA7C26: COIN
Roman Copper Alloy Coin. CONSTANTINE I AD 306-37. Nummus, SOLI INVICTO COMITI S F // PLN = London, c.313-4. RIC VII Lon.13

NMGW-FF0EE5: BROOCH
Early Medieval copper alloy penannular brooch of Type G and of 5th to 6th century date The brooch is incomplete, missing one terminal and the pin, and has a surviving weight of 3.0g. The brooch is slightly oval with a width of 20.7mm and a height of 18.4mm. The frame is of circular section and has a diameter of between 2.9 and 3.4mm. The terminal is cuboid (6.4mm long, 6.1mm high and 3.8mm thick) with faceted sides, now rounded through water-rolling. There is the suggestion of an incised saltire cross surviving on one face of the terminal. The surface of the brooch has been lost and the copper alloy has a pale green patina. Areas of brown staining on the frame may be the result of iron corrosion, possibly from the pin. The brooch is of Fowler’s (1963, p 98-160) Type G, Fowler outlines the problems in dating brooches of this type and suggests a wide date range from the 4th century through to the 8th century (ibid, p 107-9), although this example is likely to date to the 5th or 6th century.

NMGW-647243: SEAL MATRIX
Medieval copper alloy seal matrix, probably of 15th century date The matrix is near complete, missing only the top of the loop, and has a surviving height of 22.95mm. The handle is hexagonally faceted, ending in three horizontal ribs before the loop. The seal die is slightly oval with a length of 18.45mm and a width of 17.15mm. The die is inscribed with a large letter ‘W’, and crowned with a cross. Along the border are a series of decorative chevrons. The seal matrix weighs 8.1g. The copper alloy has a pale to mid brown patina.

NMGW-787653: BUCKLE
Post Medieval copper alloy buckle of 17th century date The buckle is of rectangular double-framed form and is complete (less the pin), but has broken with a length of 47.3mm and a width of 31.21mm. Both outer edges and the central area, above the bar, are decorated with trefoil knops. The buckle weighs 6.8g and has poor surface preservation with a mid-green patina.

NMGW-E12DF6: COIN
A copper alloy Roman probable radiate or nummus of an uncertain ruler, dating to the period AD 260-402. Uncertain reverse type. Unclear mint.

NMGW-600A46: COIN
A copper alloy Roman contemporary copy of a nummus of the House of Constantine (AD 307-361), dating to the period AD 353-361 (Reece Period 18).FEL TEMP REPARATIO reverse type, depicting a soldier advancing left, spearing a fallen horseman. Copying unclear mint.

NMGW-6049B6: COIN
A copper alloy Roman nummus of the House of Theodosius (AD 378-402), dating to the period AD 388-402 (Reece Period 21). VICTORIA AVGGG reverse type, depicting Victory advancing left, holding wreath and palm. Unclear mint.

NMGW-F1D661: COIN
A 2nd century AD Roman sestertius. Unfortunately the detail has been lost through harsh cleaning.

NMGW-85A1F6: BOW BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of T-shaped variant type and probably dating to the 2nd century AD The brooch is incomplete, missing the leg and has a surviving length of 27.01mm and weighs 7.9g. The brooch employed a spring mechanism secured by a Polden Hill type arrangement around a copper alloy axis bar. The chord was tensioned through a perforated lug on the head. The wings have a width of 26.11mm. The ends of the wings are angled to the rear and the front is decorated with vertical mouldings. The perforated lug has a smaller decorative (solid) lug in front. The head projects horizontally (for 9.3mm, with a width of 9.3mm), before turning at a right angle to the front of the bow. The bow is of rectangular section with straight sides converging towards the leg. The bow is decorated with three rectangular recessed cells, which would have held enamel. The panel has a grooved border. Two leaf mouldings are present on the bow before the break, where the bow is of D-shaped section. The brooch has good surface preservation with a dark green patina and evidence of silvering or tinning over much of the brooch. The forward projecting head is unusual and difficult to parallel.

NMGW-888724: SWORD
Early Medieval copper alloy sword pommel of late lobed form, probably of 10th or 11th century date The pommel has height of 24.10mm and a length of 51.92mm across the base which curves upwards at both ends and would have rested upon a concave pommel bar. The interior of the pommel has an oval opening (42mm x 10.5mm internal dimensions at the base). The apex of the pommel has an oval aperture (7.2mm x 6.0mm) to accommodate the protruding sword tang. The exterior is decorated with a larger central lobe flanked on each side with smaller lobes and terminal knops. The pommel demonstrates a casting flaw between the central and side lobes. The surface has differential preservation with pale green areas of surface loss and mid-green patination. The pommel weighs 30.6g. The pommel can be closely paralleled in Wales with examples found at Llanfaes, Isle of Anglesey and from near Pembroke, Pembrokeshire (Redknap 2000, pp 75) and with a find from Llanwnda, Isle of Anglesey (PAS record NMGW-0969C1).

NMGW-2CF500: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin. Constantine I AD 306-37. Nummus SOLI INVICTO COMITI. TFII PLN = London c.316-17 RIC VII Lon 88

A copper alloy contemporary copy of a Roman nummu (Maiorina) of Constans (AD 333-350), dating to the period AD 348-350 (Reece Period 18). FEL TEMP REPARATIO reverse type, depicting the emperor standing left on a galley. Mint of Lyon or Trier.

NMGW-27FBD7: COIN
A copper alloy Roman nummus (half maiorina) of Constans (AD 333-350) or Constantius II (AD 323-361), dating to the period AD 348-350 (Reece Period 18). FEL TEMP REPARATIO reverse type, depicting Phoenix on rock. Unclear mint.

NMGW-2AD928: FINGER RING
Roman copper alloy finger ring, probably of 2nd or 3rd century AD date The finger ring is complete, except for the missing setting. The hoop has an internal diameter of 14.1mm and is comparatively small, perhaps suggesting the ring was worn on the distal parts of the fingers or was a child's ring. The hoop is of D-shaped section with a thickness of near the base of 1.40mm. The hoop widens near the shoulders and expands to form linear moulded decoration on each side of the bezel. The bezel is circular (6.25mm diameter) and has a recessed circular cell (4.3mm diameter 0.43mm deep), which would have held a stone or glass setting or intaglio. The finger ring weighs 0.7g. Analysis using a Scanning Electron Microscope demonstrated that the ring was composed of a leaded bronze with high tin content, possibly due to original tinned surface, which has now mostly worn away. The form of the finger ring can be broadly paralleled with a examples found in the Rhineland (Henkel 1913, pp100, Nos. 1076-1078) .

NMGW-F11EF6: COIN
Roman Copper Alloy Coin. LICINIUS I (Inscribed on obverse) AD. 308-24. Nummus. GENIO POP ROM (inscribed on reverse) SF//PLN = London c.313-14. RIC Vii, Lon 3

NMGW-F228A0: COIN
A copper alloy Roman nummus of Valentinian I (AD 364-375), dating to the period AD 367-375 (Reece Period 19). SECVRITAS REI PVBLICAE reverse type, depicting Victory advancing left, holding wreath and palm. Mint of Siscia. LRBC ii,1414

NMGW-F36E27: COIN
Roman brass/copper alloy dupondius of Trajan AD 98-117. . Uncertain reverse perhaps a cast counterfeit. Worn.

NMGW-D7AF23: BUCKLE
Early Medieval copper alloy D-shaped buckle of 11th century date The buckle is incomplete, and is represented by a little over half of the outside edge of the buckle frame, and has a surviving length of 26.94mm and a surviving width of 33.45mm. The buckle frame is convex, giving the frame a surviving depth of 10.3mm, while the frame has a thickness of 4.45mm and weighs 10.5g. The buckle frame carries openwork decoration with cast ornament in high relief of late Anglo-Saxon or early Romanesque style. The decoration comprises a winged beast with a long snout biting a central device, possibly ‘the tree of life’. The central device contains triangular and lozenge-shaped recessed cells, although there is no notch to receive the pin. The beast’s front legs are also joined to the central device. The frame was likely to have been symmetrical about the centre, enabling a reconstruction of the outside edge of the buckle frame. A small trace of gilding survives on the inside edge of the buckle fragment. The buckle has a pale green to brown patina with good surface preservation.

NMGW-D8B956: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy T-shaped brooch of 1st or 2nd century AD date The brooch is incomplete, missing the pin and leg and has a surviving length of 24.82mm and weighs 5.3g. The brooch employed a hinge mechanism, secured around a copper alloy axis bar set within tubular wings. The wings have a width of 27.77mm and are decorated with a pair of vertical grooves near the terminals. The bow has a width of 14.84mm at the head and is convex across its width and is hollow on the rear. The sides are straight and converge towards the leg. The edges of the bow have a raised border or flange. The bow is decorated with cast ornament comprising two arcing ribs at the head, above two discreet raised lozenge shaped pellets containing an incised hatched motif. The bow appears to have broken across a third smaller discreet lozenge. The bow has a width of 4.5mm at the break. The brooch has dark green where the original surface survives.

NMGW-F8DC41: BROOCH
A small fragment of a gilt copper alloy brooch, probably of Early Medieval date, probably Anglo Saxon. Unfortunately not enough of the brooch survives to determine the type or date, the brooch is represented by a head fragment only. The rear of the brooch has twin lugs 8mm apart. The front carries incised decoration. Three concentric circles were positioned around a central aperture. Above the engraved circles are two facing arcs, which have a linear incised line at the apex. Gilding survives inside the engraved lines. All edges apart from an arc for the central opening are broken. The fragment measures 23mm in length and 29.1mm in width. It is 1.9mm thick and 4.7mm deep. The brooch fragment weighs 2.7 grams.

NMGW-CAA858: COIN
A copper alloy Roman nummus of Magnus Maximus (AD 383-388), dating to the period AD 387-388 (Reece Period 20). SPES ROMANORVM reverse type, depicting a camp gateway with two towers. Mint of Trier.

NMGW-CC0727: COIN
A copper alloy Roman nummus (half maiorina) of Constans (AD 333-350), dating to the period AD 348-350 (Reece Period 18). FEL TEMP REPARATIO reverse type, depticting a phoenix on a globe. Mint of Trier.

NMGW-5BBF95: SPOON
Incomplete copper alloy spoon of Roman date, possibly a ‘toilet spoon’. The spoon is incomplete and has lost the stem and some of the bowl rim. The spoon has a current length of 35.1mm. The stem is of circular section of 2.6mm diameter and joins the bowl beneath the rim. The bowl is circular with a diameter of 24.0mm. The interior of the bowl has a ridge beneath the rim and has a depth of 4mm. Traces of silvering or tinning survives on the surface. The spoon fragment weighs 3.2g.

NMGW-9D1A44: MOUNT
Cast copper alloy decorative mount in the form of a lion or dog, probably of Roman date. The mount is comparatively small with an overall surviving length of 21.5mm, a maximum width of 10.1mm and a height of 8.5mm. The mount weighs 2.9g. The small size of the mount makes the finer detail of the beast difficult to discern. The beast is sitting with front legs extending forwards and mouth slightly open. The ears are eroded, but appear to have been upright. The back legs are folded against the sides of the body. The rear of the beast has a U-shaped fork; it is possibly broken and may have had an attachment loop, perhaps formed from the animal’s tail. The underside of the mount has a single circular integral attachment rivet of 3.6mm diameter. The mount may have been attached to a Lion bow brooch of 1st century AD date. A similar mount attached to a brooch was recorded by Hattatt (1989) No. 1469, which also has the similar U-shaped fork at the rear. The mount may also have derived from a vessel, lid of a box or similar.

NMGW-9D50B7: BUCKLE
Cast copper alloy buckle of Late Roman date, probably from the 4th century AD. The buckle consists of the frame and pin, the frame has a length of 17.6mm, a maximum width of 19.1mm and weighs 2.4g. The buckle frame is D-shaped with triangular wings on each side of the outside edge of the frame. The pin restriction is defined by a broad groove with two central incised lines. The upper surface of the frame is decorated with punched and incised decoration, of dots and ring-and-dot motifs. The bar is plain with an internal width of 11.5mm and a thickness of 1.6mm. The rear of the frame is plain and flat. The pin is secured by being looped around the bar and has an S-shaped profile. The pin is decorated with incised decoration of opposing chevrons and linear motifs.

NMGW-9D6A15: MOUNT
Decorative mount, probably from a strap or belt and of Medieval date, possibly from the 11th or 12th century. The mount is rectangular with dimensions of 26.9mm by 22.8mm, a maximum thickness of 4.0mm and a weight of 5.8g. The mount has an openwork design depicting a standing figure beside a quadruped animal, possibly a lion and a bird perched on the back of the beast. The scene is Romanesque in style and may be allegorical. The scene is enclosed by an incised border. At each corner of the mount is an attachment hole.

NMGW-DC86A1: BUCKLE
Cast copper alloy annular buckle of Medieval date, probably dating from the late 14th century to the 15th century. The frame is circular with an external diameter of 48-49mm. The frame is of oval section (6 x 5mm) and is plain. The cast pin is 51.8mm long and has a transverse ridge beneath the loop. The pin has a faceted rectangular section and a maximum width of 5.1mm with sides that converge slightly to a blunt point. The buckle weighs 33.3g.

NMGW-EF7643: BRACELET
Incomplete copper alloy bracelet of Late Roman date, probably dating to the 3rd or 4th century AD. The bracelet is of flat section of between 2.0 and 2.5mm thickness and has a surviving length of approximately 100mm when straightened. The bracelet has one terminal depicting a lozenge snake head and punched decoration with dots for the beast’s nostrils and the eyes defined by two circular arcs, with a smaller arc inside the larger. The decoration along the body continues to utilise the two punches with the arcs joining or nearly joining to form a scroll motif. There are dot punched marks near each side. The original surface of the bracelet has been lost and is now a red brown colour. The incomplete bracelet weighs 9.2g.

NMGW-C20800: STIRRUP
Near-complete Late Anglo Saxon stirrup strap mount, probably of 11th century date. The stirrup is unusual with a beast's head protruding downwards from the base of the mount (23mm deep). One other example with a protruding head has been recorded from Stoke Hammond, Bucks (Williams D., 1997, no. 383, p84). Features on the head are now difficult to discern, but the cast decoration appears to depict a snarling snout with four sharp teeth protruding from the underside. The panel is concave with a surviving height of 32.4mm and parallel sides with a width of 32.6mm. The panel is decorated with a cast interlace design, partly openwork with perforations at the top corners along with two small central openings. The flange is at right angles and has two rivet holes (3mm diameter) near the sides. It is likely that there was a loop, which is now lost at the apex of the mount for an upper attachment rivet. The mount has a mid to dark brown patina and a black deposit near the base of the mount may be a result of burning. This example is unclassified within William's mounts of Class A. The stirrup mount represents the most westerly find of this artefact type and is only the second known from Wales; the first was recorded with the Portable Antiquities Scheme in the previous year and reported in the Annual Report 2001-2003.

NMGW-8C78D5: COIN
Carausius in Britain 'aurelianus' radiate dating to c. AD286/7-93. It is inscribed PROVID AVGGG and bears the mintmark SP//C denoting the C mint whose location is unknown.

NMGW-CB7A62: COIN
An Irish James II copper halfpenny dating to 1686.

NMGW-F28272: COIN
Constantine I nummus inscribed SOLI INVICTO COMITI T F //PLN. It was therefore minted in London (LN) in c. 310AD.

NMGW-86C103: BUCKLE
Roman cast copper alloy military buckle, probably dating from the mid 2nd to 3rd century AD. The buckle is incomplete with a surviving length of 43.1mm and is missing the bar and end of the plate. The buckle plate has a maximum width of 21.0mm, a maximum thickness of 4.8mm and weighs 12.2g. The missing bar was likely to have been made of iron (as evidenced by iron corrosion staining) and was secured by two loops of 2mm internal diameter. The attachment loops are each of dimensions 5.5 x 4.5 x 4.5mm. The upper face of the plate is convex and is decorated with incised or cut lines and cells. The area adjacent to the bar is decorated with the three incised lines. Two raised decorative knops on the upper face correspond to the attachment rivets on the underside. Between the two knops is an off-centre drilled hole, possibly from a repair. The decorative panel on the plate comprised a row of chevron cells on each side with a central row of three rectangular cells before a series of lozenge shaped cells, flanked by chevron-shaped cells. The cells would have held enamel, none of which now survives.

NMGW-497AD2: COIN WEIGHT
Weight, brass, for Portuguese gold 'Joe' of John V or Joseph I

NMGW-F3B346: BLADE
Copper alloy blade, probably a blade edge fragment from a Bronze Age axe of indeterminate type and date The axe is fragmentary, represented by the blade edge only (with a width of 46.5mm, a surviving length of 12.8mm, a maximum surviving thickness of 6.7mm and a weight of 9.6g). The break occurred in antiquity and there is no socket base evident. The blade is convex between the tips and the blade edge is asymmetric, possibly through wear at one end. There are a number of nicks along the blade edge, however it is unclear whether these are contemporary with the use of the axe or occurred later. Remnant patches of surface survive but elsewhere is corroded now all with a dark-brown patina but the colour has been effected by an applied coating. The small fragment represented makes any identification uncertain.

NMGW-3CB535: COIN
A copper alloy Roman nummus (maiorina) of Constantius II (AD 323-361), dating to the period AD 348-350 (Reece Period 18). FEL TEMP REPARATIO reverse type, depicting the emperor in a galley. Mint of Trier.

NMGW-3CEE62: COIN
A copper alloy Roman nummus (maiorina) of Magnentius or Decentius (AD 350-353), dating to AD 350-353 (Reece Period 18). SALVS DD NN AVG ET CAE(S) reverse type, depicting a chi-rho with alpha and omega on either side. Unclear mint.

NMGW-EE2BD6: COIN
A copper alloy post-medieval love token made from a halfpenny of William III to George III dating to 1695-1772. Almost all details of the original coin have been worn away, but it is possible to see a faint outline of the bust on the obverse. At the centre of the obverse is engraved an A with a heart above it. The token was found with two lead alloy discs.

NMGW-23E785: COIN
A Roman sestertius, probably bearing Marcus Aurelius as Caesar, sestertius struck during the reign of Antoninus Pius (AD 138-61) in Rome. It has an uncertain reverse and is worn and corroded.

NMGW-25E642: COIN
3 copper alloy Roman nummi of Constantius II (AD 323-361), dating to the period AD 353-361 (Reece Period 18). FEL TEMP REPARATIO reverse type, depicting a soldier advancing left, spearing a fallen horseman. The mints are unclear.

NMGW-25FE95: COIN
3 copper alloy Roman nummi of Constantius II (AD 323-361), dating to the period AD 353-361 (Reece Period 18). FEL TEMP REPARATIO reverse type, depicting a soldier advancing left, spearing a fallen horseman. The coins were struck at the Siscia mint.

NMGW-265E61: COIN
2 copper alloy Roman nummi of Constantius Gallus (AD 351-354), dating to the period AD 353-354 (Reece Period 18). FEL TEMP REPARATIO reverse type, depicting a soldier advancing left, spearing a fallen horseman. One coin was struck at the Siscia mint and the other is uncertain.

Roman sestertius of the mid-2nd century. It is heavily worn and is therefore otherwise uncertain.

NMGW-8AE557: COIN
A Roman Diva Faustina sestertius struck in Rome. Faustina, the wife of Antoninus Pius, died in 140 AD and was deified in 141 AD, so this coin dates to 141 AD at the earliest. It is inscribed AVGVSTA on the reverse and depicts Ceres standing facing left holding two torches. The coin is worn and weighs 18.62g.

NMGW-F5B7B0: COIN
A copper alloy Roman probable radiate of an uncertain ruler, dating to the period AD 260-296. Uncertain reverse type. Unclear mint.

NMGW-1C8EA1: BUCKLE
Medieval copper alloy buckle frame, probably of mid 14th to 16th century date. The buckle is likely to have been of double oval framed type. The frame has broken with only one of the two loops present and has a surviving length of 17.63mm, width of 21.73mm and weighs 1.6g. The outside edge of the frame has a thickness of 2mm with a flat underside and straight inner-edge. The bar is narrowed and has a diameter of 1.16 – 2.50mm. The frame is likely to have broken on the other side of the bar before the other loop, although it is possible that the frame was of single loop type with curved projections on the inside edge.

NMGW-852353: FINGER RING
Cast copper alloy finger ring depicting two clasped hands on the bezel. Clasped hands are frequently found on the class of Medieval love-ring known as ‘fede’ rings. The shoulders of the ring have four horizontal side projections and one vertical projection suggesting a cuffed forearm. The hand is modelled by a series of grooves defining the fingers and a deeper side groove forming the thumb. Two cross-grooves on one of the shoulders define the underside of the wrist of one arm. The hoop is plain and has a D-shaped cross-section.

NMGW-6E8296: BROOCH
Head and upper bow of a Roman copper-alloy Dolphin brooch. As is common with brooches of this type the spring is missing, but was originally attached by the chord the spring to a rearward hook in the centre of the head. Much of the original surface is lost but some traces of vertical ridge decoration survives on both arms and the bow. A raised V-shape extends over the head from the rearward hook and a ridged line appears to have run down each side of the bow.

NMGW-E638B1: PROCESSIONAL CROSS
Cast copper alloy figure of The Virgin Mary from a processional cross, probably of 15th century date. The figure is likely to be one of the two (usually with John) detachable figures which fit into sockets at the base of a processional cross, and flanking the central figure of Christ. The figure is draped in a mantle from the head, facing slightly to the left, and has her hands against her breast. The rear of the figure is comparatively flat and is plain. The base of the figure has a double moulded border before a faceted stem, thinning to an arm of rectangular cross section, with no decoration. The arm has broken in antiquity. The remnants of guilding survive over the figure and the base.

NMGW-5713D3: COIN
Roman Empire; Sestertius. Likely to be Marcus Aurelius (AD 161-80) Or Commodus AD181-93). Reverse depicts Salus holding a patera to a snake rising from the alter (right hand) and a long sceptre (left hand). Obverse is corroded.

NMGW-E8ACA3: BUCKLE
Cast Medieval copper alloy buckle, probably of 13th to 14th century date. The buckle frame is oval with an ornate outside edge. The pin is present but has broken at the loop and is of simple form with a rectangular section. The frame is of D-shaped section and the bar is narrowed and offset. The outside edge has two prominent central ridges, forming a restriction for the pin and another ridges near the sides separating the slight side knops.

NMGW-E90061: BOW BROOCH
Fragment from a Roman bow brooch, comprising of the lower bow, foot and the catch-plate. The lower bow has a D-shaped section with a central rib, and a forward projecting moulded foot. The catch on the catch-plate is set back from the foot, and with the flat base of the foot, forms a small platform. The upper edge of the catch-plate forms an arc. This form of foot is more consistent with Trumpet types of brooch of 1st to 2nd century AD date.

NMGW-E958A4: BOW BROOCH
Head fragment from a cast copper alloy Roman brooch, probably of 1st century AD date. The brooch is represented by the upper bow and one of the wings only. The brooch fragment is likely to be of the Aesica Type. The brooch employed a spring mechanism secured by a Polden Hill lug type arrangement. The surviving wing is decorated with an encircling diagonal incised line. The lug to tension the chord forms part of a continuous rib running along the bow, possibly decorated on the crest with a hatched motif. Either side of the rib is a slender panel with incised chevrons. The sides of the bow are concave and the remnants of knobs at the bottom of the bow are discernible. Beneath the bow is a rounded moulded button.

NMGW-E965C3: HARNESS PENDANT
Gilded copper alloy hinged fitting of uncertain date and function, but possibly Medieval. The fitting is composed of two pieces, an attachment plate and a small tongue, which may be eroded and broken. The attachment plate is rectangular with two rivet holes, one of which retains its copper alloy rivet. The plate is hinged to a sub-rectangular plate by an iron pin. The plate is without attachment holes or lugs with the remnants of relief decoration near the top. Both pieces have traces of gilding on the surfaces. It is possible that find represents a small fragment of a Medieval harness pendant with attachment plate.

NMGW-64F295: BOW BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of unusual form and design, and probably of 1st century AD date. The brooch is incomplete missing the spring and pin. The brooch is constructed from two parts, excluding the spring, where the wings and claw are riveted onto the head of the bow by an integral pin at the back of the head, which has been peened over on the interior of the wings. At the base of the rear of the head would have been a small lug or catch to prevent the wings from moving. The wings arch back from the bow and appear to have employed a form of Polden Hill arrangement, although the ends of the wings have been lost. The slight claw to tension the chord is present and is integral to the wings section. The bow is slight and no decoration is now evident. The top of the head of the bow is sharply angled and the sides are flat, with a rounded front and back, producing a sub-rectangular profile to the bow near the head, becoming circular towards the catch-plate. The bow tapers to the foot and is curved in profile, although less so than a ‘Dolphin’ profile. The catch plate has eroded, but probably arced at the top edge to meet the vertical outside edge.

NMGW-650318: BOW BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of unusual form and design, and probably of 1st century AD date. The brooch is incomplete missing the wings, spring and pin. The brooch would have consisted of two parts, excluding the spring, where the wings were riveted to the head of the bow by an integral pin at the back of the head. At the base of the rear of the head is a small rectangular lug preventing the wings from moving. The wings are likely to have employed a form of Polden Hill arrangement, similar to the recorded example NMGWPA 2004.11.1. The bow is slight and no decoration is now evident. The top of the head of the bow is sharply angled and the sides are flat, with a rounded front and back, producing a sub-rectangular profile near the head, which becomes circular towards the lower bow. The bow tapers to the foot and is curved in profile, although less so than a ‘Dolphin’ profile. The catch plate has been lost.

NMGW-6520F1: COIN
Irregular radiate, HILARITAS AVGG type of Tetricus I

Constantine I nummus

Constantinopolis nummus, probably irregular

NMGW-657977: STIRRUP
Late Saxon stirrup-strap mount, probably of 11th century date. The mount is likely to fall into Williams (1997) Class A, Type 2A. The mount is sub-triangular and convex in profile. Much of the surface detail has been lost, but it is possible to discern an animal head at the apex, above the upper fixing hole. There are a further two animal heads projecting from the corners at the base. The sides of the mount are slightly curved and without any projecting lobes. The lower fixing holes retain their iron rivets, and are positioned immediately above and inside the corner head projections. Above the attachment rivets are two partial perforations set either side of a triangular depression. The flange is present and is at right-angles to the mount. The rear of the mount is dished and traces of the iron strap survive (c. 9mm wide) above the flange.

NMGW-68C613: BOW BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of T shaped type, dating to the 1st or 2nd century AD. The brooch is relatively short with wide wings (being nearly as wide as it is long) and is complete except for the pin. The brooch employed a hinge mechanism with an iron axis bar set within tubular wings. The wings are of D-shaped section and are flat at the front. Little f the original surface survives, but the wings carried vertical mouldings and punched dots against the sides of the bow. The top of the wings were decorated with two parallel incised lines along their width. The bow is of D-shaped section with a deep groove emanating from the hinge and stained with iron corrosion. The head of the bow has a moulded V-shaped rib, which becomes weaker as it descends the bow. The sides of the bow are decorated with a double line zigzag. The foot is plain and the catch-plate is short with a circular perforation near the upper edge.

NMGW-7ACF21: BROOCH
Copper alloy bow brooch of La Tene III type, and of Nauheim derivative form of 1st century BC to 1st Century AD date. The brooch is incomplete, missing the foot and catch-plate and the spring has broken at the chord. The spring, typically for the type had an internal chord and would have had two coils either side of the head. The bow profile is flat and the spring erupts in a near straight line from the bow. The surviving upper bow is flat with angular shoulders and converging sides. The face is decorated with an incised side border and three horizontal incised lines. There is a central sub-rectangular panel containing slight horizontal raised lines. Beneath the three incised lines, the bow is plain, but has the suggestion of another incised horizontal above the break.

NMGW-7DD554: FINGER RING
Copper alloy finger ring, probably of Early Saxon date. The ring is complete and has similar decoration to Late Roman or Early Saxon bracelets. The terminals are currently overlapping with a space between them, if straightened the ring would have had a large diameter of c. 30mm. The decoration is symmetrical and the terminals are decorated with an incised line c.10mm from the end, with a central punched dot either side. Beyond the second punched dot is a row of punched dots across the ring’s width. The main body of the ring has another lengthways row of punched dots. The terminals are slightly rounded.

NMGW-7DE9A3: BROOCH
Copper alloy plate brooch of unusual form and uncertain date, but possibly Anglo Saxon. The brooch is complete except for the missing pin and a broken lug on the reverse (from the twin lug arrangement). The face is irregular and is shaped similar to two overlapping triangles. The catch plate is positioned at the apex of the top triangle. The top edge near the lugs has an S-shaped bend, which corresponds to a thinning of the metal. The face is decorated with raised border around the edge and a central cross. Either side of the vertical rib are thin diagonal mark, which slope upwards in the top section and downwards in the bottom.

NMGW-3B5FA7: JETTON
An English Jetton dating to the early 14th century.

NMGW-3BCBD4: COIN
Constantine I, half nummus.

NMGW-8CE673: COIN
Gallienus, Sole reign AD 260-268; radiate

nummus of Constantine II as Caesar

Constans bronze

NMGW-8ED223: COIN
A bronze gratian dating to 367-83.

NMGW-8EF7B1: COIN
House of Valentinian bronze coin of the Gloria-Romanorum type, dating to c.364-78

NMGW-8FA0C8: COIN
A bronze House of Valentinian coin of the Secvritas Reipublicae type, dating to AD 364-78.

NMGW-9F4F37: COIN
A Roman copper-alloy nummus of Constans dating to the period AD 348-350 (Reece period 18). FEL TEMP REPARATIO reverse type depicting a phoenix on a globe. Mint of Trier.

NMGW-9FE782: COIN
A House of Theodosius bronze coin daring to c. AD 388-95.

NMGW-A00675: COIN
House of Valentinian bronze coin dating to c. AD 364-78.

NMGW-A284B1: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of T-shaped form and dating to the 1st to 2nd century AD. The brooch is incomplete, missing the lower bow and the end of the pin. The brooch employed a hinge mechanism with tubular wings. The wings are plain and the head has moulded decoration of two raised arcs either side of a central crest, which buts up against four horizontal raised mouldings. The bow beneath the lowest moulding is plain as far as the break and is slender with a deep D-shaped section.

NMGW-A5CD86: BOW BROOCH
Copper alloy fragment, possibly from a Roman bow brooch of unusual style and design, possibly a variant Knee brooch. The brooch is represented by the head and upper bow only. The brooch employed a hinge mechanism with twin lugs, as is usually found on plate brooches. The head is angled to the bow and may have had a head plate or chain loop. The upper bow is of slender D-shaped section and has a near right-angled turn, where the section becomes triangular with a slight central rib.

NMGW-A5F702: PLATE BROOCH
Roman copper alloy plate brooch of 2nd century AD date. The brooch is lozenge shaped and flat with lugs at each corner. The lugs are dished and circular and the surviving smaller side lug contains remnants of red enamel. The lozenge panel has a recessed area which would have also held enamel; a small trace of red enamel survives in a protected area. A raised circle defines a circular cell at the centre of the brooch. The rear of the brooch is plain and the short catch-plate survives at the rear of the larger lug.

NMGW-B69792: BOW BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of unusual design, probably a derivative of a Headstud type and dating to the early 2nd century AD. The brooch employed a spring mechanism secured by lateral lugs at the end of very short wings, which would not have protruded much beyond the head. At the head is the remnant of a flat plate, possibly from a chain loop. The head is comparatively long and has a sub-rectangular section. The only decoration on the head is a short rectangular cast rib and a moulded oval at the junction with the bow, in place of the headstud. The Bow is at a right angle to the head as opposed to the more usual ‘dolphin’ profile. The bow is thin, parallel sided with a prominent central rib, which gives the bow a triangular section. At the rear of the bow, immediately above the break is the beginning of the catch-plate.

NMGW-B7E003: COIN
Salonina, wife of Gallieinus 'radiate', minted in Rome.

NMGW-B7EFC1: COIN
Roman irregular radiate 'minim'

NMGW-DDF863: STRAP END
Copper alloy composite three piece strap-end with a sheet spacer, from the Medieval Period and probably dating from the late 13th to the early 15th century. The strap-end is composed of two sheet metal plates separated by a sheet spacer occupying the whole width. The sides of the strap-end are near-parallel and the profile is slightly converging. The attachment edge has eroded, but was likely to have been straight or slightly concave, and the outside edge is curved with a pointed terminal knop. No decoration is discernible on either face, but tinning or silvering survives on both surfaces. The strap was secured by two rivets positioned near the sides and attachment edge. A third central and larger rivet was employed to secure the plates and spacer.

NMGW-DE11F3: BOW BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of T-shaped type and dating to the 1st to 2nd century AD. The brooch employed a hinge mechanism with tubular wings enclosing a copper alloy axis bar. The wings have not been cast at a right angle to the bow, and also slope towards the rear of the head. The wings are decorated with vertical mouldings. The top of the head has a simple chain loop, which is now broken. The upper bow is of sub-triangular section, and was decorated with short irregular incised lines. The button is unusual and is composed of a flat oval panel with an incised border defining a central chevron. The chevron panel contains four recessed U-shaped cells around a central circular cell, forming a floral motif. The recessed cells are likely to have contained enamel. The lower bow is decorated with short incised lines to the moulded foot. The catch-plate arcs from the rear of the button, and the rear of the catch is decorated with an incised zigzag line. Traces of silvering or tinning survive on some of the surface.

NMGW-DECF55: BUCKLE
Medieval cast annular buckle or open frame brooch of Medieval date, and probably dating from the late 13th to the mid 15th century. The frame is slightly oval and is relatively substantial for a brooch, but has both a restriction and notch for the pin on either side of the frame. The frame is of sub-triangular section, with a rounded outside edge and near-perpendicular (to the underside) inside edge. The frame has a discernible casting flaw on the inside edge and does not carry any decoration.

NMGW-310D27: MOUNT
Medieval copper alloy Romanesque mount from a piece of devotional metalwork, possibly from a reliquary box or crucifix of 12th or 13th century date. The mount has broken at the neck and is damaged around the nose and mouth, in addition to having lost the original surface. The mount depicts the head of Christ wearing a crown with three lobes. The eyes are perforated and are likely to have held small blue glass beads. The mouth appears down-turned and there is the suggestion of facial hair above the mouth, suggesting Christ was depicted with a beard. The tear at the base of the mount is confined to the left side, and may suggest that Christ was depicted with his head to the right, implying a crucifixion scene. The mount is hollow, while the top of the head can be seen behind the crown when viewed from above. The mount was likely to have been gilt and associated with enamelled metalwork. The mount is likely to have been imported from south central France and was produced by the Limoges or similar workshops in operation from circa 1100 to 1350.

NMGW-6AC6D2: BUCKLE
Medieval copper alloy buckle, probably of mid 14th to early 15th century date The buckle is of oval framed type with composite rigid plates and is near complete but has lost the two sheet plates and the end of one fork, the pin is also unlikely to be original. The buckle has an overall length of 41.31mm and a maximum width across the frame of 22.59mm. The frame is of quadrangular faceted section with a thickness of 2.87mm. The outside edge of the frame has a pointed lip. The bar is continuous with the inside edge of the frame (not off-set). The position where the plates met the frame is marked with a slight step to the forked spacer. The rear of the forked spacer displays the remnants of a pale coloured adhesive. The pin comprises a thin wire (0.8mm diameter) crudely bent around the bar. The buckle weighs 5.0g and has good surface preservation with a dark brown patina and displays file marks from the manufacture.

NMGW-D0B7B8: COIN
A copper alloy contemporary copy of a Roman coin of Constantius II (AD 323-361), dating to the period AD 353-361 (Reece Period 18). FEL TEMP REPARATIO reverse type, depicting a soldier advancing left, spearing a fallen horseman. Copying unclear mint. It measures 7mm in diameter.

NMGW-D0DB93: COIN
A copper alloy Roman nummus of Gratian AD 367-383, dating to the period AD 367-378 (Reece Period 19). GLORIA NOVI SAECVLI reverse type, depicting Gratian standing facing, holding standard and shield. Mint of Arles.

Gallienus radiate minted in Rome and dating to 260-8AD. It bears the inscription LIBERO.P.CONS AVG and depicts a panther or tigress on the reverse.

Aurelian radiate dating to AD 270-275. Minted in Milan, issue number 2. It bears the inscription PIETAS AVG and depicts the emperor and Pietas.

NMGW-F321C8: WEIGHT
Post medieval copper alloy trade weight of mid-17th to early 18th century date The weight is stamped with a crowned W, probably for William III, a sword and ewer for London. The weight now weighs 12.0g, equivalent to 0.4232 ounces and would originally have been a half-ounce weight. There is comparatively large void within the weight from a casting flaw. The surface has a mid to dark green patina.

NMGW-F3A039: FINGER RING
Roman copper alloy finger-ring of 3rd century AD date and of Henig's (1978) Type VIII The finger-ring is near-complete with some peripheral damage (with a height of 20.6mm and a weight of 4.1g). The interior of the hoop is oval (with internal dimensions of 8mm wide by 6.5mm high). The hoop is worn and corroded but appears to have been of D-shaped section at the base (with a width of 4.3mmand a thickness of 2.2mm), with straight, parallel sides. The hoop becomes sub-triangular sectioned as it approaches the shoulders. The hoop has a subtle but evident keeled form (giving a maximum width of 22.1mm). The sides of the shoulders are divergent to the bezel and the shoulders are enhanced with notches beneath the bezel. The integral bezel is of hexagonal form (10.8mm wide, 12mm long and 3.0mm thick) and appears to have been flat-topped with incised decoration as evidenced by a remnant linear line, the surface has been lost over all the reminder of the bezel. The surface is worn and corroded, now with a dark-brown patina but the colour has been effected by an applied coating. 1. Henig, M., 1978 (2nd ed.); A Corpus of Roman Engraved Gemstones from Britain; BAR British Series 8

NMGW-F44676: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of Trumpet-derivative type and of 1st or 2nd century AD date The brooch is incomplete, missing the lower part of the leg, the chain-loop and pin (with a surviving length of 41.3mm, a surviving depth of 21.0mm and a weight of 8.0g). The pin is missing but the iron spring remains in place, secured between lateral lugs (with a width of 12.7mm) around an iron axis bar. The trumpet-derivative head is D-shaped, surmounted with an integral chain-loop, now with only the platform surviving (giving the head a surviving height of 15.4mm). The head has a stepped D-shaped moulding before the bow (giving the head a depth of 9.1mm). The bow is of fluted rectangular section and with a rib on the top face (with a width and thickness below the head of 5.4mm and 5.8mm respectively). The upper bow has a deep arch and sides are straight and near parallel to the button. The button is decorated with raised lozenges flanked above and below with chevrons, defined by incised lines. Only the top of the leg is present, of sub-triangular section with straight sides, converging to the break. The rear of the bow is flat and the start of the catch-plate is evident on the rear of the leg. The surface has a green-brown patina.

NMGW-F454FA: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Tetricus I In Gaul (AD 271-4) radiate, cast counterfeit SPES PVBLICA 16.5mm, 1.10g

NMGW-F484D0: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Constantine I (AD 307-37) nummus, Arles SOLI INVICTO COMITI; Sol //TARL RIC VII Arl. 40 (c. 313 - 5)

NMGW-F49423: COIN
A copper alloy Roman nummus of Valens (AD 364-378), dating to the period AD 367-375 (Reece Period 19). GLORIA ROMANORVM reverse type, depicting the Emperor advanding right, holding a standard and dragging a captive. Mint of Arles. LRBC ii 513 1.81g

NMGW-F4ABC8: MIRROR CASE
Medieval cast copper alloy cased mirror of late-13th to mid-14th century date The mirror case is near-complete, comprising both halves of the case, connected by a hinge (with an overall length of 42.8mm and a weight of 13.3g) but with one side having a corroded hole through the face. The case has a hinge, which is still operational, comprising double perforated lugs (6.1mm deep, 5.2mm long, 5.1mm wide) flanking a single lug and with a copper alloy axis bar. On the opposite side of the case is a catch, comprising a single lug (4.9mm deep, 5.4mm long and 1.5mm thick).When closed, the lug is flanked by a pair of lugs (4.2mm wide) holding the single lug and in a reverse arrangement to the hinge. Both faces were flat and sub-circular (30.7mm - 31.3mm diameter) and are decorated with a central line and four arcs arrange around the edge. The line and arcs are defined by punched triangles on each side of the line. The interior has a rim of grey-brown deposit on each part and is presumably the remnants of an adhesive to secure the glass. The central part of the interior is corroded and less finished with a pale green to mid brown corrosion. The exterior surface has a dark-green to brown patina, with patches of bright green corrosion. The cased mirror can be closely paralleled with three examples excavated in London (Egan & Pritchard, 1991, p 361-2, nos. 1714-6) , all from contexts dating from 1270 to 1350. 1. Egan G. & Pritchard F. 1991; Medieval Finds from Excavations in London: 3; Dress Accessories; Museum Of London

NMGW-F4E908: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Victorinus in Gaul (AD 269-71) radiate SLVS AVG; standing right holding snake 1.25g, incomplete

NMGW-F4FDEE: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin House of Constantine nummus (c. AD 330-5) GLORIA EXERCITVS; two-standrd type Emperor and mint uncertain 0.98g, cut down

NMGW-F5242D: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Gallienus, sole reign (AD 260-8) radiate, Rome (c. 267-8) IOVI CONS AVG; goat facing left //S RIC 207; Cunetio 1370 3.11g

NMGW-057904: BUCKLE
Late medieval to Post medieval copper alloy buckle of 14th to 16th century date The buckle frame is of trapezoidal form with a concave outer edge (with a length of 24.7mm, a width at the outside edge of 22.7mm, a width at the bar of 16.1mm and a weight of 4.4g). The frame is of sub-square section (3mm square). The corners of the outside edge are decorated with diagonal grooves. The frame is damaged at the centre of the outside edge, removing any decoration of notch for the pin. The sides of the frame are gently concave and convergent to the sub-circular sectioned bar. The pin is simply looped around the bar and is rectangular-sectioned, with straight sides gradually converging to the tip. The surface has been lost and is now stripped to the brown-bronze coloured metal.

NMGW-063EB0: WEIGHT
Post medieval copper alloy trade weight, probably of late 17th century date The weight is stamped with a crowned W, probably over the letter M, probably for William III and Mary II (1689 -1694), a sword and ewer indicating London. The weight now weighs 25.3g, equivalent to 0.8924 ounces and would originally have been a one-ounce weight. The surface is worn and has a mid to dark green patina.

NMGW-066ED6: SWORD
Post medieval copper alloy sword guard of 18th century date The guard is of fragmentary, represented by approximately half (with a surviving length of 40.2mm and a weight of 26.2g) and has broken through the central rectangular aperture. The guard was of concave double-oval form with a rectangular slot (14.6mm long) to accommodate the tang. Both faces are decorated with elaborate motif in cast relief. The motif on both faces depict a winged-figure in three-quarters profile, depicted with weapons in a radiating design, probably of mythical origin, possibly influenced by Assyrian or similar iconography. The surface is corroded with remnants of a pale-green patina and areas of stripped red-brown metal. The guard was likely to have been gilded but does not now survive.

NMGW-06D50C: PLATE BROOCH
Roman copper alloy enamelled plate brooch of 2nd century AD date The brooch is of lozenge form (with a length of 34.4mm, a width of 29.3mm and a weight of 9.7g) and is incomplete, missing the pin and enamelled decoration. The missing pin was likely to have been hinged but the hinged lug is now damaged and truncated but appears comparatively long (with a surviving length of 5.5mm, giving an overall maximum surviving depth of 7.9mm). There is the suggestion of a groove and hole remnants to accommodate the pin and axis bar. The catch-plate is also truncated (with a surviving height of 4.8mm) and has lost the catch. The rear is not decorated and is flat. The brooch face contains linear ribs defining nine internal lozenge cells that would have held enamel but with no trace now surviving. The base of the cells has irregular facets from their working prior to enamelling. The base of the brooch had a small projecting knop beneath the catch-plate. The surface has a dark-brown patina.

NMGW-06FAFB: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Caracalla Augustus (AD 198-217) denarius, base metal counterfeit Rev: PART MAX[ ]; Trophy and captives 2.28g

NMGW-070AFC: TOKEN
Post medieval copper alloy token City of Bristol farthing token; date illegible (c. 1652-70) 2.27g, corroded

NMGW-08493E: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin House of Constantine nummus GLORIA EXERCITVS; two soldiers, two standards; probably irregular (c. AD 330-40) 1.37g, corroded

NMGW-08AB0F: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin House of Constantine nummus (c. AD 335-40) GLORIA EXERCITVS; two soldiers, two standards Uncertain emperor and mint 0.68g, corroded

NMGW-08BB33: COIN
Roman coper alloy coin Claudius II (AD 268-70) radiate, Rome MARS VLTOR; Marsfacing right 1.52g, corroded

NMGW-08CB33: COIN
Roman coper alloy coin Helena nummus, commemorative issue (c. AD 337-40) PAX PVBLICA Probably Trier mint 1.39g, corroded

NMGW-08DFAA: COIN
Roman coper alloy coin Tetricus I in Gaul (AD 271-4) radiate LAETITIA AVG[N or G]; Laetitia standing, facing left 2.04g, corroded

Roman coper alloy coin Theodora nummus, commemorative issue (c. AD 337-40) PIETAS ROMANA Probably Trier mint 0.97g, corroded

Roman coper alloy coin Constantinopolis nummus (c. AD 330-5) Reverse: Victory on prow; uncertain mint 1.80g, corroded

Roman coper alloy coin Constantinopolis nummus, probably irregular (c. AD 330-40) Reverse: Victory on prow 14mm, 1.69g, corroded

Roman coper alloy coin Helena nummus, commemorative issue (c. AD 337-40) PAX PVBLICA //TRP[-] = Trier mint 1.14g, corroded

NMGW-43B98C: COIN
A copper alloy Roman nummus of Valentinian II (AD 375-392), dating to the period AD 388-392 (Reece Period 21). VICTORIA AVGGG reverse type, depicting Victory advancing left, holding wreath and palm. Unclear mint, probably Arles or Lyon. 1.08g

A copper alloy Roman nummus of Valens (AD 364-378), dating to the period AD 364-378 (Reece Period 19). SECVRITAS REI PVBLICAE reverse type, depicting Victoryadvancing left, holding wreath and palm. Unclear mint. 2.42g, corroded

NMGW-44F6ED: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of enamelled Polden Hill type and of 1st to 2nd century AD date The brooch is fragmentary, represented by the head and spring only (with a surviving length of 17.4mm, a surviving depth of 11.5mm and a weight of 6.7g). The copper alloy spring is present, secured between lateral lugs around a copper alloy axis bar and with the chord tensioned by a lug at the head. The wings (with a width of 20.8mm) are angled to the rear and the terminals were expanded but are now corroded and worn. The lug to tension the chord is triangular and is surmounted on a flat panel at the head. The upper bow is near-perpendicular to the head and is of rectangular section (8.5mm wide and 3.0mm thick) with straight parallel sides for the short distance to the old break. The front of the bow is decorated with two rectangular cells, which are likely to have held alternating coloured squares of enamel. One square or red enamel now survives. The rear of the bow is flat. The surface of the bow has a mid-green patina and has a pale-green corrosion. The brooch can be paralleled with an example recorded by Hattatt (1987, no. 905, p 99-100) from Langton Down in Dorset, which he sees as Polden Hill type but noted the similarities decoration and form with T-shaped brooches corresponding to Hull's type 110 - 111, which are generally hinged rather than sprung. Hull's Types 110 and 111 have been shown to have a distribution centred on the Lower Severn area (Hattatt, 1987, p. 100-8) . 1.Hattatt, R., 1987; Brooches of Antiquity

NMGW-4563FA: COIN
A copper alloy contemporary copy of a Roman nummus of the House of Constantine (AD 307-361), dating to the period AD 353-361 (Reece Period 18). FEL TEMP REPARATIO reverse type, depicting a soldier advancing left, spearing a fallen horseman. Copying unclear mint. 12mm, 0.90g

NMGW-45858F: COIN
A copper alloy Roman nummus of Valens (AD 364-378), dating to the period AD 367-375 (Reece Period 19). SECVRITAS REIPVBLICAE reverse type, depicting Victory advancing left, holding wreath and palm. Mint of Arles. LRBC ii 528. 2.23g

NMGW-462A13: TOKEN
Post medieval copper alloy token Wells, Somerset; farthing token of Mathew Irish, 1656 MATHEW.IRISH / MI OF WELLS.1656 / MI BW Somerset 305 0.65g, corroded

NMGW-466CE5: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin 'Constantine I' irregular nummus Reverse: GLORIA EXERCITVS, two standards type, 'Trier' (//TRS) c. AD 330-345 14mm, 1.24g

Roman copper alloy coin Constans Augustus (AD 337-50) nummus, Trier VICTORIAE DD AVGG Q NN E //(TR.) RIC VIII Tr. 201 (c. AD 340-9) 1.23g

NMGW-465DE6: COIN
A copper alloy Roman nummus of Valentinian I (AD 364-375), dating to the period AD 367-375 (Reece Period 19). SECVRITAS REIPVBLICAE reverse type, depicting Victory advancing left, holding wreath and palm. Mint of Arles. LRBC ii 527. 2.03g

NMGW-467DA5: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Vespasian (AD 69-79) as, Rome AEQVITAS AVGVSTI RIC 482 (head to right on obverse) 8.45g, worn

NMGW-46E2CF: MOUNT
Copper alloy enamelled mount, probably of Roman date, possibly 2nd or 3rd century The mount is of circular form and would have had six integral radiating wires of rectangular section, one fragmentary example now survives (giving an overall surviving width of 21.9mm, a weight of 3.1g; with a surviving rod length of 4.8mm, a width of 1.2mm and a thickness of 1.4mm). The base is circular (with a diameter of 7.5mm) with a stepped moulding, which the six rods are equally spaced around. The sides are convergent to the circular face (with a height of 5.6mm and a diameter of 4.5mm). The face is decorated with concentric rings defining cells containing enamel; the outer cell contains red enamel, inside of which is a ring of green enamel. At the centre is a small circular cell, now without enamel. The reverse is hollow with a projection at the centre. The surface is corroded with a brown-green patina. The mount would appear to be a decorative element from an object of uncertain type. The decorative devices may be seen as consistent with Roman styles and similar to plate brooches of 2nd century date.

A copper alloy Roman nummus of the House of Valentinian (AD 364-378), dating to the period AD 364-378 (Reece Period 19), SECVRITAS REI PVBLICAE reverse type, depicting Victory advancing left, holding wreath and palm. Unclear mint. 1.96g

NMGW-472C3B: COIN
A copper alloy Roman nummus of Valentinian I (AD 364-375), dating to the period AD 364-367 (Reece Period 19). GLORIA ROMANORVM reverse type, depicting the Emperor advancing right, holding standard and dragging captive. Mint of Aquileia. LRBC ii 992 2.57g

NMGW-477072: MOUNT
Medieval copper alloy belt mount of mid to late 14th century date The mount is of domed, sexfoil form, secured with a single separate rivet through a central hole, now missing (with a maximum width of 13.8mm, an overall depth of 3.9mm, a thickness of 0.1mm and a weight of 0.5g). Each the petals of the sexfoil are formed by pressed radiating grooves. The centre is raised with a circular aperture (of 1.7mm diameter) to accommodate the missing rivet. The surface has a dark-green patina. Belt mounts of similar form and type were recovered from excavations in London (Egan & Pritchard, 1991, p 187) from contexts dated to between 1350 and 1400. 1. Egan G. & Pritchard F. 1991; Medieval Finds from Excavations in London: 3; Dress Accessories; Museum Of London

NMGW-4786D1: BROOCH
Possible copper alloy plate from a brooch of uncertain type, possibly Roman The object comprises a fragmentary and distorted circular disc of sheet metal (with a maximum distorted diameter of 34.2mm, a thickness of 0.1mm and a weight of 2.4g). The rear has what appears to be an integral catch-plate adjacent to the edge (with a depth of 7.8mm and a length of 6.2mm). There is the possible suggestion that the plate has broken across a central hole. There is no decoration evident on the surface but there appears to be remnants of tinned or silvered surface on the front of plate. Elsewhere the surface has a pale grey and blue green to dark-green patina. The fragmentary plate has few diagnostic features making any identification tentative, it is also difficult to closely match the thin circular plate to known types of plate brooches.

NMGW-4904AB: JETTON
Post medieval copper alloy jetton Nuremburg (c. 1500 - 1550)

NMGW-49287A: DRESS HOOK
Post medieval copper alloy dress-hook of 17th century date The dress-hook is near complete (with a length of 27.5mm and a weight of 2.0g) and the loop is sub-rectangular with undulating sides (with a width of 13.9mm). The loop is an irregular oval and the midsection is decorated with two raised knops (Giving a thickness of 2.0mm) before two attachment holes near the hook. The hook is forward projecting (with a depth of 6.2mm). The surface has a grey-green to dark-green corroded patina.

NMGW-493F4D: STRAP FITTING
Post Medieval copper alloy looped pendant mount probably of late 16th or early 17th century date The mount is near-complete and has a separate annular ring suspended from the loop (with an overall length of 36.7mm, a thickness of 1.6mm and a weight of 2.1g). The upper edge (with a width of 11.8mm) bifurcates slightly and appears to be heavily worn. The sides are straight and convergent to loop at the base. The mount was secured using two iron pins placed off-centre, the corroded remains of which remain in place. The loop (with a depth of 6.2mm) has a small opening at the rear and is of D-shaped section with straight sides (2.8mm wide). The sub-circular annular ring is worn and corroded (10.3mm diameter) and of oval section (1.1mm - 1.4mm wide and 1.1mm thick). The surface of both parts is worn and pitted with a red brown corrosion and traces of grey-green patina. Pendant mounts are believed to have attached swords to a belt (Margeson, 1993, p 38) and this example can be closely paralleled with two examples from Norwich (ibid, nos. 257-8) from 17th century contexts.

NMGW-495495: ANNULAR BROOCH
Medieval copper alloy annular brooch of 13th to 16th century date The brooch is of flat, annular form, represented by the complete frame but missing the pin (with an external diameter of 20.4mm, an internal diameter of 13.5mm, a thickness of 1.0mm and a weight of 1.0g). There is a restriction on the frame for the missing pin (with a length of 2mm and a bar width of 1.0mm). One face of the frame is decorated with incised chevrons, in-filled with opposing rows of punched triangles. The outside edge is also enhanced with punched chevrons. The rear of the brooch is undecorated with file marks evident on the surface. The surface has a dark-grey patina. The brooch can be paralleled with an example, also decorated with chevrons found at Norwich (Margeson, no. 60, p 16) from an early 16th century context and examples from excavation in London (Egan & Pritchard, nos. 1313, 1318, p. 250-2) from late 13th to 15th century contexts. 1. Margeson, S., 1993; Norwich Households: The Medieval and Post-Medieval Finds from Norwich Survey Excavations 1971-1978; East Anglian Archaeology Report No. 58, 1993 2. Egan G. & Pritchard F. 1991; Medieval Finds from Excavations in London: 3; Dress Accessories; Museum Of London

NMGW-4965C9: WEIGHT
Copper alloy pan-weight of uncertain date The weight is circular and is rectangular sectioned (with a diameter of 15.5mm and a thickness of 3.3mm). The face is decorated a concentric ring and inner depression, possibly turned. The reverse is flat and has three punched indentations, possibly in a triangular arrangement. The surface has a mid-green patina with file marks evident on the underside. The weight now weighs 2.92g, equivalent to 0.103 ounce and it is possible that the weight was a one-eighth ounce weight under the Mercantile, Avoirdupois or Tower systems (equivalent to 3.65g / 3.55g) or would be heavy for a one-twelfth ounce weight under the Troy or Apothecaries' systems (equivalent to 2.59g).

NMGW-4992C9: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Sestertius of late 1st or early 2nd century AD date 18.73g, corroded

NMGW-49A25B: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Contemporary counterfeit, probably a sestertius copying Trajan (AD 98-117) Reverse Type: probably SPES 7.20g, Corroded

NMGW-5915E8: TOKEN
Post medieval copper alloy halfpenny token, 1791 or 1792 Issued by Thomas Clarke, grocer of 12 Cable Street, Liverpool 7.75g, corroded

NMGW-59C7C8: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Gallienus, sole reign (AD 260-8) radiate, Rome MARTI PACIFERO A-//-- RIC 236; Cunetio 1149 1.39g, corroded

Roman copper alloy coin Corroded remains of a probable 2nd century sestertius 9.31g

NMGW-5BAEA2: SEAL MATRIX
Medieval copper alloy seal matrix of 12th to 14th century date The seal matrix is of pointed-oval form (40.3mm long and 24.2mm wide) and is complete but is very-heavily corroded (with a weight of 10.8g). The rear of the matrix has a loop neat the apex (giving an overall depth of 10.2mm and with an internal diameter of 4.8mm) and with a prominent rib extending from the loop to the base. The seal die is worn and corroded, which has nearly removed all the encircling legend and has resulted the central device being indistinct. The device appears to depict Christ on the cross, with arms raised slightly upwards and flanked by two figures, probably Mary and St John. At the base of the device, beneath Christ is likely to be the depiction of a cleric praying in side profile and beneath an arc, probably the canopy of the church. None of the letters of the encircling legend are now legible. The surface has been stripped with a dark-brown corrosion.

NMGW-5BD889: INGOT
Copper alloy bar ingot of uncertain date The ingot is of consistent sub-rectangular form (with a length of 34.9mm, a maximum width of 16.9mm, a maximum thickness of 9.5mm and a weight of 31.2g). The ends are irregular but it is now unclear whether they have broken more recently. The upper face has been hammered with transverse lines forming grooves. The reverse face has a small number of weaker punched linear marks. The surface has a dark-brown patina with areas bright-green corrosion.

NMGW-5C72FA: MOUNT
Post Medieval copper alloy looped pendant mount probably of late 16th or early 17th century date The mount is fragmentary and has lost its loop and separate annular ring (with a surviving length of 21.0mm, a thickness of 1.9mm and a weight of 1.8g). The upper edge (with a width of 12.1mm) bifurcates slightly. The sides are near-straight and convergent to base. The mount was secured using two iron pins, placed off-centre, the corroded remains of which remain in place (with a depth of 4.4mm and 2.5mm). The mount has broken at its base before the loop. The surface is corroded with a pale grey-green patina.

NMGW-5C8E9B: KNIFE
Post medieval copper alloy knife fitting (end stop) probably of late 16th or 17th century date The fitting is complete and includes part of the knife tang (with an overall length of 14.0mm, a thickness of 5.7mm and a weight of 3.6g). The base has a V-shaped groove containing the top of the knife tang (7mm long and 3mm into the terminal). The fitting is of Y-shaped, bifid form, with an oval sectioned projection on each side (giving a width of 15.2mm) and thinning slightly to the terminals. The terminals were enhanced with a grooved border. The base of the fitting also had a decorative grooved border. The knife fitting is heavily-corroded and stripped to the red-brown metal.

NMGW-6F3D1E: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Sestertius of Trajan (AD98-117) 11.48g, corroded

NMGW-6F4F5C: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Probably a sestertius, otherwise uncertain plus two other uncertain ?sestertii

Roman copper alloy coin Probably a sestertius, otherwise uncertain plus two other uncertain ?sestertii

NMGW-6F6784: TOKEN
Post medieval copper alloy token Penny token of Thomas Andrews, Galway merchant Undated (c. 1650-1670) THOMAS ANDREWS / IN GALWAY.MAR BW Ireland 452 0.86g

NMGW-6FE9AC: TOKEN
Post medieval copper alloy token City of Bristol, probably 1652 1.98g, worn

NMGW-719889: STIRRUP
Medieval copper alloy stirrup of mid-14th to 15th century date The cast stirrup is fragmentary, represented by the upper part only, comprising the integral cover-plate, suspension bar and fragmentary sides (with a surviving length of 44.7mm and a weight of 50.0g). The cover-plate is trapezoidal with a castellated top edge (36.5mm wide and 3.7mm thick) and moulded rib decoration beneath the top and above the basal edges (at 45.8mm wide). Between the ribbed borders, the cover-plate is decorated with punched marks defining repeating ovals of double-lines within punched linear borders. Behind the cover-plate is the suspension bar (giving a depth of 12.4mm and a height of 11.4mm) with a rectangular slot to accommodate the strap (with internal dimensions of 32.7mm x 5.9mm). Both the top and base edges of the suspension bar are bevelled. The fragmentary sides are of sub-circular section (5-6mm diameter) and are straight and divergent to the breaks (with a maximum surviving width of 53.1mm). The surface has a dark-green patina with partial finishing on the rear of the cover-plate.

NMGW-731BB8: TOKEN
Post Medieval copper alloy token City of Gloucester farthing token, 1609 BW Gloucestershire 81 2.76g, edge hammered-up

NMGW-733040: THIMBLE
Late medieval to early post medieval copper alloy thimble of open type or 'sewing-ring' of mid-15th to late-16th century date The thimble is complete but has impact damage on its tope edge (with a length of 10.0mm and a weight of 2.7g). The sides are bevelled towards the base (with internal diameters at the apex and base of 15.0mm and 17.4mm respectively) and has four rows of punched, circular indentations, now worn and corroded. There are no rim mouldings or discernible incised borders at either end. The thimble is of a comparatively heavy construction (with a thickness of 0.6mm). The surface is worn and corroded with a dark-brown corrosion.

NMGW-7352C1: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of T-shaped type and of 1st or 2nd century AD date The brooch is incomplete, missing the leg and pin (with a surviving length of 28.6mm, a surviving depth of 11.7mm and a weight of 6.7g). The missing pin was hinged within tubular wings with a copper alloy axis bar. The wings are now truncated (with a surviving width of 25.6mm and a diameter of 5mm). There was no chain-loop on the head. The bow has side mouldings at head and is of U-shaped section with a hollowed rear (with a width at the head of 12.2mm and a depth of 4.6mm). Below the stepped side mouldings, the sides of the bow are straight and convergent as far as the mid-bow. The upper bow is decorated with a recessed panel, containing a pair of ribs in sunken relief. The edges of the recessed panel were enhanced with notches. The bow narrowed at the mid-bow (to 3.5mm), below which it has broken. There is no evidence for the beginnings of the catch-plate on the rear of the bow. The surface has a mid to dark-green patina.

NMGW-73CC41: TOKEN
Post medieval copper alloy token Probably a penny token of Charles Huddle (or Huddel), Wexford (c. 1650-70) CHARL[ES ]HVDDEL.IN; annular [W]EXFORD.IN.IRELAND BW Ireland 746 0.59g, corroded

NMGW-738029: UNIDENTIFIED OBJECT
Copper alloy decorative terminal, possibly from a pin of Roman date The object is fragmentary, represented by the damaged terminal; a shaft fragment (with a surviving length of 33.4mm and a weight of 3.4g). The top of the terminal was conical (with a basal diameter of 7.0mm) and is heavily corroded, with a differential corrosion, beneath which the terminal is of faceted-globular form before a moulding above the top of the shaft. The shaft is circular sectioned and gradually widens (from a diameter of 2.8mm to 5.0mm) before narrowing slightly towards the break. The surface has a dark-green patina with pale-green corrosion at the terminal.

NMGW-73ABA2: MOUNT
Post medieval copper alloy belt or strap mount of 16th or 17th century date The mount is complete and of figurative form with a trefoil terminal (with a length of 19.2mm and a weight of 1.8g). The mount is widest at the trefoil terminal (with a width of 11.9mm) and has concave sides below, before narrowing at the base. The mount was attached using two integral, oval-sectioned rivets, closed around a strap (with a height of 6.1mm and giving an overall depth of 8.1mm). The surface has a black patina.

NMGW-73B7B0: COIN
Post medieval copper alloy coin Elizabeth I (155-1603) penny for Ireland dated 1601 1.29g, corroded

NMGW-74016A: FINGER RING
Post medieval copper alloy finger-ring, probably of 16th or 17th century date The finger-ring is complete but distorted, now oval (24.1mm x 16.2mm and with a weight of 2.3g). The band is flat-sectioned with a consistent width (of 5.1mm and a thickness of 1.1mm). The deeply-stamped geometric decoration is divided into seven repeating panels but of uncertain interpretation. In the interior of the hoop is undecorated. The surface has been stripped with a dark-brown corrosion and traces of gilding surviving the recessed decoration.

NMGW-742C5C: KEY (LOCKING)
Roman copper alloy key handle The copper alloy handle is complete but the iron key is missing (with a surviving length of 38.6mm and a weight of 15.7g). The bow of the handle is of openwork trefoil form (with a width of 29.0mm and a thickness of 5mm). The outside edge is enhanced with six lipped projections and at the apex is a longer ribbed moulding. On the interior is a projection at the base with a slight bifurcation and two angular projections near the top. It is possible that these three projections were originally joined. At the base of the handle bow is a square collar (11.6mm square). All four sides of the collar are enhanced with grooves defining ribs. There is now a sub-rectangular void (4.7mm x 3.9mm and 9.8mm deep) at the base of the collar. The surface is corroded with a pale-green patina and with areas of adhering iron corrosion around the base.

NMGW-74431B: MOUNT
Copper alloy looped mount possibly a vessel escutcheon of Roman date The mount is incomplete, missing part of the loop and is heavily-worn and corroded (with a surviving length of 43.4mm and a weight of 16.2g) and is of anthropomorphic sub-oval and domed form. The oval domed head (28.7mm long, 23.9mm wide and 10.6mm deep) appears to be inverted in relation to the loop being at the top. The circular loop is integral and rectangular sectioned (with an internal diameter of 10.1mm, an external diameter of 15.5mm and 3.6mm thick) and has no surviving applied decoration. Below the loop, the sides are concave. The doomed part of the mount is hollow and 'as-cast', possibly with adhering adhesive. The features on the mount are poorly-preserved, there is a stepped ridge discernible on both sides and possibly also on the top, representing a hair line. Two circular depressions are the remnants of eyes and are likely to have extended towards the sides, since they appear very close together. A very weak linear ridge is discernible running vertically from between the eyes and was likely to have been the nose. There is a weak linear groove discernible at the base of the nose but also a prominent groove at the base, defining a triangle. It is now unclear which defined the mouth. All other surface detail has been lost and is heavily pitted with a dark-green patina.

NMGW-745A57: MOUNT
Late Iron Age copper alloy circular openwork mount, probably of 1st century AD date The mount is fragmentary, represented by a little under half and was circular (with a diameter of 45.9mm, a surviving width of 25.7mm, a thickness of 2.7mm and a weight of 6.2g). The mount has broken across a diameter, with a possible tear at the centre. The openwork decoration appears to have been of 'whirligig' form arranged around a triskele and incorporating pelta and sub-triangular apertures, with two concave sides and a convex side against the outer frame. The design was enhanced with grooved borders and faceting around S-shaped scrolls. A number of circular depressions appear to be positioned at the scroll terminals, probably originally with prominent incised line borders from the scrolls, now corroded. Much of the original surface has been lost and the surviving part is heavily-corroded and worn. The rear of the mount is flat and has a number of striations or scratches beneath the patina. The surface has a dark-brown patina with areas of paler brown surface-loss. At the centre is patch of green corrosion.

NMGW-846E9C: TOKEN
Post medieval copper alloy token Thomas Shaw, Denbigh penny token THOMAS SHAW.1666; goat GLOVER.IN.DENBEIGH 1D Boon 47a 17.4mm diam., 1.1g

Roman copper alloy coin, plated counterfeit denarius Possibly an obverse of Domitian Rev. Insc.: [IM]P XIX Rev. Desc.: Modius and corn ears (reverse of Vespasian RIC 110 (AD 77-8) Diam.: 17.3mm, weight: 1.8g

NMGW-869214: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of uncertain type and of 1st or 2nd century AD date The brooch is fragmentary, missing the head and catch-plate and is heavily-corroded (with a surviving length of 45.0mm, a surviving depth of 7.5mm and a weight of 2.4g). The head is lost and was of uncertain form with a V-slot on the rear. The arched bow is slender with straight sides, gradually converging to the eroded and pointed foot (with a width and thickness at the head of 4.0mm and 2.4mm respectively). A low rib on the rear of the bow defines the remnants of the catch-plate. All surface detail and decoration have been lost top corrosion. None of the original surface survives with a stripped dark-brown surface.

NMGW-86BFD9: TOY
Post medieval copper alloy toy cannon probably of 18th century date The gun is near-complete but has some damage around the barrel and appears to have been cast in one-piece (with a length of 43mm and a weight of 9.70g). The gun has a rounded cascabel and a prominent concave vent field (10.2mm diameter) with a comparatively large vent. The barrel is corroded and worn but is mostly plain with a slightly thickened first reinforce. The muzzle is defined by a groove and is very slightly thickened (at 6.2mm). The trunnions are comparatively long and slender (29.3mm wide). The surface is heavily-corroded with a dark brown corrosion.

NMGW-871AC3: COSMETIC MORTAR
Roman copper alloy cosmetic mortar of 1st or 2nd century AD date The cosmetic mortar is of end-looped type and is incomplete, missing the loop and the opposite terminal (with a surviving length of 55.2mm and a weight of 14.0g). The top edge is damaged and eroded (with a maximum surviving height of 7.1mm). The damaged loop remains as a stub projecting beneath the terminal (with a surviving length of 9.3mm and an internal diameter of 5.8mm). The sides of the bow are convex across both their length and height (producing a maximum width of 10.6mm) with a U-shaped section and the characteristic bowed shape. The bow thins towards the unlooped end and is damaged and truncated. The central groove has a U-shaped profile (with a maximum width of 5.0mm). There are no decorative mouldings discernible on the mortar and any applied decoration is now lost. The surface is heavily-corroded with a dark-brown patina surviving in the groove and elsewhere has a dark-green corrosion.

NMGW-87942C: TOKEN
Post medieval copper alloy token Thomas Wiston (Dublin) Halfpenny token Obv. Inscription: [THO WISTON OF] DVBLIN Rev. Description: St George and dragon to left Rev. Inscription: HIS HALF PENY BW Ireland 417; Norweb 625b 3.0g

NMGW-97D251: HARNESS PENDANT
Medieval copper alloy harness pendant of 12th or 13th century date The pendant is of circular, domed form and is complete but is without its suspension mount (with an overall length of 32.5mm and a weight of 4.0g). The oval loop is perpendicular to the mount axis (with a depth of 7.8mm, a thickness of 2-3mm and an internal diameter of 2.9mm). The pendant is sub-circular and domed (25.2mm wide, 23.5mm wide and 5.8mm deep) of sheet metal (0.4mm thick). There is no suggestion of any heraldic device on the pendant. The surface of the pendant is heavily-corroded with remnant traces of gilding surviving near the apex of the domed face of the pendant. Elsewhere, the surface has a dark-green patina and areas of red-brown corrosion.

NMGW-97F107: BUCKLE
Post medieval copper alloy buckle frame of 16th to early 17th century date The buckle frame of double-looped, asymmetric form and is near-complete, missing the pin but is distorted (with a length of 56.0mm and a weight of 18.2g). The outside loop is oval, while the loop at the attachment end is sub-rectangular. The frame is decorated on the outside edge and o the sides of the mid-part with cast fleur-de-lis devices. The sides and outside edge of the frame are of sub-rectangular section (2.6mm - 3.5mm thick and 4.4mm wide). The bar across the mid-section is of sub-triangular section. The bar is of sub-circular section (3.1 - 4.4mm diameter) and has knobs at its terminals. The rear of the frame has slight depressions on the rear of each fleur-de-lis. The surface has a brown patina.

Medieval copper alloy buckle of oval framed form with a narrowed and offset bar of 13th to 15th century date The frame is complete (with a length of 20.7mm, a width of 23.5mm and a weight of 2.6g) and is of sub-rectangular section (1.8mm thick). The outside edge is slightly widened (at 2.7mm wide) and is without a lip for the pin. The terminals at the end of the narrowed offset bar, protrude to the rear slightly and may have been zoomorphic beast's heads but are now heavily worn and corroded. No other decoration is evident on the buckle. The pin is of D-shaped section with straight sides, gradually converging to the point. The corroded surface has a dark-green to brown patina.

NMGW-980EE9: MOUNT
Medieval copper alloy looped mount of 14th or 15th century date The looped mount has an attachment mount and a separate sub-circular ring (with an overall length of 39.9mm and a weight 9.5g). The mount comprises a square plate (16.2mm long and 16.5mm wide) with a single circular-sectioned attachment rivet. The loop (with a depth of 10.1mm) has straight sides (with a width of 7.3mm and a thickness of 2.0mm) and has a pointed terminal. The ring 15.1mm x 16.5mm) is circular sectioned (3.3mm diameter). No decoration is discernible on the mount. The surface is corroded with a dark-green patina surviving in areas.

Roman copper alloy coin Dupondius of Trajan (AD98-117) 10.73g, corroded

Roman copper alloy coin Sestertius of mid-2nd century date, uncertain emperor 17.23g, corroded

NMGW-98B1DC: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Radiate of mid-3rd century date Possibly a late issue of Postumus (AD260-9) Rev.: Possibly PAX AVG 2.00g, corroded

NMGW-98C405: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Constantine I (AD 307-37) nummus, SARMATIA DEVICTA Possibly London mint (c. 323-4) 2.16g, corroded

Roman copper alloy coin Helena commemorative nummus (c. 337-40) PAX PVBLICA Possibly Trier mint 1.21g, corroded

NMGW-991BFF: COIN
A copper alloy Roman nummus of the House of Valentinian (AD 364-78), dating to the period AD 364-378 (Reece Period 19). GLORIA ROMANORVM reverse type, depicting the Emperor advancing right, holding standard and dragging captive. Unclear mint. 2.34g, corroded

A copper alloy Roman nummus of Valens (AD 364-378), dating to the period AD 364-378 (Reece Period 19). GLORIA ROMANORVM reverse type, depicting the Emperor advancing right, holding a standard and dragging a captive. Unclear mint. 1.55g, corroded

NMGW-993A24: TOKEN
Post medieval copper alloy token James I (1603-25) 'royal' copper farthing token 0.29g, corroded

NMGW-99B6F0: MOUNT
Copper alloy looped mount, probably of Roman date The cast mount comprises a sub-circular loop on an integral domed base (with an overall length of 40.3mm and a weight of 38.3g). The loop (35.1mm wide x28.6mm high external and 23.9mm wide and 20.2mm high internal) is circular sectioned (5 - 6mm diameter) and is undecorated. There is a slight suggestion of wear facets on the interior of the top of the loop, which if correct, would seem to suggest strap-rubbing. The base is circular and hemispherical (with a basal diameter of 26.2mm and a height of 11mm) and has a grooved border around the base but no other decoration is discernible. The mount was attached using two separate copper alloy rivets, one of the rivet's domed heads is evident on the domed base. The ends of the rivets have circular sheet copper alloy washers (7-8mm diameter) attached to help secure the mount. The base of the rivets is at a similar level to the base of the mount, suggesting that the mount was attached to thin material. The underside of the mount is hollowed (3mm deep). The surface has a Mid-green patina with bright green corrosion.

NMGW-99C671: STUD
Copper alloy decorative spherical or globular-headed stud, probably of Roman date The cast stud is fragmentary, missing the lower part of the shaft (with a surviving length of 24.0mm and a weight of 13.5g). The head is near-spherical (with a diameter of 14.0mm - 15.3mm and a height of 13.2mm) with flat facets on both the apex and base. No applied decoration is evident on the head. The integral shaft is of sub-rectangular, faceted section with straight and near parallel sides for their surviving length (4.7mm wide and 3.6mm thick with a surviving length of 10.7mm). The surface has a dark-green patina.

NMGW-99D5C4: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Tetricus I in Gaul (AD 271-4) radiate PVES PVBICA Cunetio 2583/5 Elmer 764/7 1.61g, corroded

NMGW-E35FC5: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Claudius II (AD 268-70) radiate, Rome VIRTVS AVG RIC 109; Cunetio 1970 1.99g

NMGW-E37238: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Claudius II (AD 268-70) radiate, Rome PROVID AVG RIC 88; Cunetio 2176 2.39g

NMGW-E37FC8: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Divus Claudius II (c. AD 270) radiate, Rome Reverse: [CONSECRATIO] altar 2.28g

NMGW-E3A293: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Divus Claudius II (c. AD 270) radiate, Rome Reverse: [CONSECRATIO] altar 2.28g

NMGW-E3AF80: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Gallienus (sole reign, AD 260-8) radiate, Rome SECVRIT PERPET RIC cf. 280; Cunetio 1258 1.54g

NMGW-E3C1B1: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Irregular radiate copying Tetricus I / VIRTVS AVGG Type as Elmer 780 / Cunetio 2618 (c. 275-80) 15.8mm max diam. 2.53g, holed through centre

NMGW-E42C9B: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Victorinus in Gaul (AD 269-71) radiate, mint I INVICTVS; Sol facing left 1.88g, corroded

NMGW-E45CD5: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Tetricus I in Gaul (AD 271-4) radiate VICTORIA AVG; Victory facing left 2.41g, corroded

NMGW-E46CEB: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Tetricus I in Gaul (AD 271-4) radiate PAX AVG As Elmer 775, Cunetio 2603 0.82g, corroded

NMGW-E541AD: MOUNT
Medieval copper alloy belt mount probably dating to the 2nd half of the 14th century The belt mount is complete and is of bar-mount form and has two smaller terminal lobes, flanking a central lobe (with a length of 16.4mm and a weight of 1.3g). The two smaller terminal lobes (4.9 & 5.0mm wide and 2.7mm deep) are perforated to take separate attachment rivets for securing the mount, one of which remains in place (1.0mm diameter and 3.6mm long). The central domed lobe (with a width of 11.0mm and a depth of 3.6mm) is decorated with four closely-spaced incised grooves, forming fine ribs, which have been inconsistently enhanced with notches. The rear of the central lobe is dished and is as-cast. The surface has a dark green patina. The mount can be paralleled in form but not decoration with two examples excavated in London (Egan & Pritchard, 1991, p 213, Nos. 1160-1)[1], recovered from contexts dated to between 1350 and 1400. [1] Egan G. & Pritchard F. 1991; Medieval Finds from Excavations in London: 3; Dress Accessories; Museum Of London

NMGW-0BD497: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Probably an irregular radiate; uncertain prototype (c. 275-85) 12mm max diam. (irregular) 0.86g

NMGW-0C3D82: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Probably an irregular radiate (c. AD 275-85) 18mm diam, 2.35g

NMGW-0C4A4B: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Probably an irregular radiate (c. AD 275-85) 18mm x 18mm, 2.58g

NMGW-0CACA4: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin 'Constantine I' nummus VICTORIAE LAETAE PRINC PERP; two victories Contemporary counterfeit (c. AD 318-20) 1.18g

NMGW-0CC9BE: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin 'Constantine I' nummus VICTORIAE LAETAE PRINC PERP; two victories Contemporary counterfeit (c. AD 318-20) 2.68g

NMGW-0CDF8F: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Constantine I (AD 307-37) nummus VIRTVS EXERCIT; standard and captives Uncertain mint (c. AD 320-1) 1.20g

Roman copper alloy coin Constantine II Caesar (AD 317-37) nummus, Trier VOT/X / CAESARVM NOSTRORVM in wreath //STR RIC VII Tr. 433 (c. AD 323-4) 2.38g

NMGW-0D3F8C: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Contemporary counterfeit nummus, House of Constantine PROVIDENTIAE AVGG / CAESS; camp gate type Prototype date is c. AD 324-30 1.47g, corroded and chipped

Roman copper alloy coin Constantine I (AD 307-37) nummus SOLI INVICTO COMITI T F // P[ ] Possibly a contemporary cast counterfeit 2.27g, corroded

NMGW-0DCD50: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Constantine II Caesar (AD 317-37) nummus, Arles GLORIA EXERCITVS; two standards *//SCONST RIC VII Arles 346 1.76g

NMGW-0DDE19: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Constantius II Caesar (AD 324-37) nummus, Trier GLORIA EXERCITVS; two standards (c. 330-5) //TRS. RIC VII Trier 528 1.52g

NMGW-0DFBFB: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Constantine II Caesar (AD 317-37) nummus, Trier GLORIA EXERCITVS; two standards //TR[S] RIC VII Tr. 527 (c. 330-5) 2.58g

NMGW-0E851A: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Irregular nummus (c. AD 330-45) Copying GLORIA EXERCITVS; two standards type with a left facing bust 13.5mm diam., 1.00g

NMGW-0E9FEC: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Urbs Roma nummus, Siscia (c. AD 330-5) Reverse: wolf and twins //.rSIS RIC VII Sis. 240 2.42g

NMGW-0EBAA2: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Urbs Roma nummus, Siscia (c. AD 330-5) Reverse: wolf and twins //.rSIS RIC VII Sis. 240 1.21g

NMGW-0EC7BF: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Urbs Roma nummus, possibly Trier (c. AD 330-5) Reverse: wolf and twins //[ ].S (possibly) 1.23g, corroded fragment

NMGW-0EE054: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Constantinopolis nummus, Trier (c. AD 330-5) Reverse: Victory on prow //TRI[ ] 1.99g

NMGW-10F33A: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Irregular nummus; Constantinopolis / Victory on prow (c. AD 330-45) 15mm diam., 1.13g

Roman copper alloy coin Irregular nummus; Constantinopolis / Victory on prow (c. AD 330-45) 14.5mm diam., 1.54g

Roman copper alloy coin Irregular nummus; Constantinopolis / Victory on prow (c. AD 330-45) 13mm diam., 1.17g, incomplete

Roman copper alloy coin Constantius II Aug. (AD 337-61) nummus, Trier GLORIA EXERCITVS; one standard (c. 337-40) M//TRPu RIC VIII Trier 108 1.13g

Roman copper alloy coin Constantius II Aug. (AD 337-61) nummus, uncertain mint GLORIA EXERCITVS; one standard (c. 337-40) 0.99g

NMGW-11373A: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Irregular nummus, House of Constantine GLORIA EXERCITVS, one standard type (c. 335-45) 14mm diam., 1.33g

Roman copper alloy coin Irregular nummus, House of Constantine GLORIA EXERCITVS, one standard type (c. 335-45) 14mm diam., 0.65g, incomplete

Roman copper alloy coin Helena nummus, probably Trier mint PAX PVBLICA (c. AD 337-40); commemorative issue 1.69g

Roman copper alloy coin Constans / Constantius II nummus, Trier VICTORIAE DD AVGG Q NN; two victories M//[TRP] (c. AD 343-347) 1.05g

Roman copper alloy coin Constans / Constantius II nummus, Trier VICTORIAE DD AVGG Q NN; two victories D//TRP (c. AD 343-347) 1.45g

NMGW-118CCB: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Constans / Constantius II nummus, uncertain mint VICTORIAE DD AVGG Q NN; two victories (c. AD 343-347) 1.34g

Roman copper alloy coin Irregular maiorina Constans / FEL TEMP REPARATIO; galley type 'TRS' (c. AD 348-50) 23mm, 5.24g

NMGW-2056AE: COIN
A copper alloy contemporary copy of a Roman nummus (maiorina) of Magnentius or Decentius (AD 350-353), dating to the period AD 350-353 (Reece Period 18). VICTORIAE DD NN AVG ET CAE reverse type, depicting two Victories, winged, draped, facing each other, holding between them a wreath inscribed VOT/V/MVLT/X​​. Unclear mint. 1.97g

NMGW-22CC56: COIN
A copper alloy contemporary copy of a nummus of the House of Constantine (AD 307-361), dating to the period AD 353-360 (Reece Period 18). FEL TEMP REPARATIO reverse type, depicting a soldier advancing left, spearing fallen horseman. Unclear mint. 16mm diam. 1.10g

NMGW-22EBC8: COIN
A copper alloy contemporary copy of a nummus of the House of Constantine (AD 307-361), dating to the period AD 353-360 (Reece Period 18). FEL TEMP REPARATIO reverse type, depicting a soldier advancing left, spearing fallen horseman. Unclear mint. 12mm diam. 1.05g

NMGW-22FC6D: COIN
A copper alloy contemporary copy of a Roman nummus of the House of Constantine (AD 307-361), dating to the period AD 353-360 (Reece Period 18). FEL TEMP REPARATIO reverse type, depicting a soldier advancing left, spearing fallen horseman. Unclear mint. 9mm diam. 0.49g

A contemporary copy of a copper alloy nummus of the House of Constantine (AD 307-361), dating to the period AD 353-360 (Reece Period 18). FEL TEMP REPARATIO reverse type, depicting a soldier advancing left, spearing fallen horseman. Unclear mint. 14mm diam. 0.82g

NMGW-231FF8: COIN
A fragment of a copper alloy contemporary copy of a nummus of the House of Constantine (AD 307-361), dating to the period AD 353-360 (Reece Period 18). FEL TEMP REPARATIO reverse type, depicting a soldier advancing left, spearing a fallen horseman. Unclear mint. 14mm diam. 0.67g

NMGW-232BAD: COIN
An incomplete copper alloy Roman nummus of Valentinian I (AD 364-375), dating to the period AD 367-375 (Reece Period 19). GLORIA ROMANORVM reverse type, depicting the Emperor advancing right, holding standard and dragging captive. Mint of Arles. LRBC ii 518 1.63g, chipped

Roman copper alloy coin Valens (AD 364-78) bronze SECVRITAS REI PVBLICAE; victory facing left uncertain mint 2.30g

NMGW-23457B: COIN
An incomplete copper alloy Roman nummus of Valentinian I (AD 364-375), dating to the period AD 367-375 (Reece Period 19). GLORIA ROMANORVM reverse type, depicting the Emperor advancing right, holding a standard and dragging a captive. Mint of Aquileia. LRBC ii 1017 2.07g, chipped

NMGW-23CCCE: COIN
A copper alloy ROman nummus of Valentinian I (AD 364-375), dating to the period AD 364-375 (Reece Period 19). GLORIA ROMANORVM reverse type, depicting the Emperor advancing right, holding standard and dragging captive. Unclear mint. 2.05g

A copper alloy Roman nummus of Valens (AD 364-378), dating to the period AD 364-378 (Reece Period 19). GLORIA ROMANORVM reverse type, depicting the Emperor advancing right, holding standard and dragging captive. Mint of Arles. 2.43g

NMGW-23FD29: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin House of Valentinian (AD 364-78) bronze GLORIA ROMANORVM; uncertain emperor and mint 2.21g, corroded

NMGW-2415C9: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin House of Valentinian (AD 364-78) bronze GLORIA ROMANORVM; uncertain emperor and mint 1.31g, corroded

Roman copper alloy coin House of Valentinian (AD 364-78) bronze GLORIA ROMANORVM; uncertain emperor and mint 0.99g, corroded

NMGW-242F2D: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Valentinian I (AD 364-75) bronze SECVRITAS REIPVBLICAE; victory facing left Uncertain mint 1.86g, corroded and incomplete

NMGW-261E7A: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Valens (AD 364-78) bronze SECVRITAS REIPVBLICAE; victory facing left . - //[S]CON (Arles) LRBC ii 502 2.48g

Roman copper alloy coin Valens (AD 364-78) bronze SECVRITAS REI PVBLICAE; victory facing left OF - //[ ] (uncertain mint) 1.84g

Roman copper alloy coin Valens (AD 364-78) bronze SECVRITAS REI PVBLICAE; victory facing left uncertain mint 1.21g

NMGW-265DE7: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Valens (AD 364-78) bronze SECVRITAS REI PVBLICAE; victory facing left uncertain mint 2.04g

Roman copper alloy coin Gratian (AD 367-83) bronze, Arles GLORIA NOVI SAECVLI OF II // CON*; LRBC ii 523a 2.32g

Roman copper alloy coin Gratian (AD 367-83) bronze GLORIA NOVI SAECVLI Uncertain mint 2.03g

NMGW-269CB1: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Gratian (AD 367-83) bronze GLORIA NOVI SAECVLI Uncertain mint 1.50g, incomplete

NMGW-26ADDA: COIN
A copper alloy Roman nummus of Magnus Maximus (AD 383-388), dating to the period AD 383-388 (Reece Period 20). SPES ROMANORVM reverse type, depicting a camp-gate with star between its two turrets. Unclear mint. 1.06g

NMGW-26BBA2: COIN
A copper alloy Roman nummus of the House of Theodosius (AD 378-402), dating to the period AD 388-402 (Reece Period 21). VICTORIA AVGG reverse type, depicting Victory advancing left, holding wreath and palm. Unclear mint.

NMGW-377CCD: COIN
A copper alloy Roman nummus, possibly of the House of Theodosius (AD 378-402), possibly dating to the period AD 388-402 (Reece Period 21). Uncertain reverse type, uncertain mint. According to the original recorder, "the bronze suggests House of Theodosius". 1.29g, corroded

NMGW-37A29E: COIN
A copper alloy Roman nummus, possibly of the House of Theodosius (AD 378-402), possibly dating to the period AD 388-402 (Reece Period 21). Uncertain reverse type, uncertain mint. According to the original recorder, "the bronze suggests House of Theodosius". 1.11g, corroded

Early Medieval silver coin Silver sceatta; Series X; wodan head / monster Danish or perhaps an English copy (c. 700-750) 1.18g, corroded

NMGW-38CEC7: BOW BROOCH
Iron Age copper alloy bow brooch of Colchester-one-piece type and of 1st century AD date The brooch is near-complete but distorted, missing the catch-plate (with a length of 46.7mm, a distorted length of 64.8mm, depth of 13.7mm, and a weight of 8.4g). The spring is complete but one half is distorted above the head. The spring coils three-times each side of the centre (with a width of 5.7mm and a diameter of 6.5mm) and the chord is tensioned by a rearward facing hook at the head. The spring is positioned behind short rectangular wings (with a width of 13.0mm). The bow is of rounded, sub-rectangular section with straight sides gradually converging to the pointed foot (with a maximum width and thickness of 5.2mm and 3.2mm respectively). There is now no discernible decoration surviving on the bow. The catch-plate survives as a jagged plate on the rear of the leg (with a length of 18mm, a thickness of 0.4mm and a surviving height of 2.1mm). The original surface has been lost with a dark brown surface corrosion.

NMGW-391B9D: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Probably Faustina II sestertius but otherwise uncertain 17.4g, much worn and corroded

NMGW-392C7F: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Cat counterfeit as or dupondius of Faustina II Reverse: CE RES / S C; standing left Type as RIC (M.A.) 1619 4.89g

NMGW-39B45D: SEAL MATRIX
Medieval copper alloy seal matrix of 13th or 14th century date The seal matrix is near-complete, with some peripheral damage and had a circular die (of 18.9mm diameter) with an hexagonally faceted handle and triangular or trefoil loop (with an overall length of 21.5mm and a weight of 7.2g). The loop (11.0mm wide and with internal dimensions of 5.2mm x 4.5mm) is of sub-triangular section. The seal die is corroded and has lost some of the encircling legend. At the centre is a shield containing three diagonal grooves (three bends) and there is a six-pointed star (mullet) in the top right hand corner (sinister chief) of the shield (on the impression). The legend is now difficult to read, some letters may be suggested: * h

Post Medieval silver coin James I (1603-25) sixpence, London Second coinage; Privy mark: Rose (and dated 1606) 2.68g, heavily battered

NMGW-3A6B41: BOW BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of uncertain type, possibly a Trumpet or allied type of 1st or 2nd century AD date The brooch is fragmentary, represented by the leg, foot and catch-plate only (with a surviving length of 21.5mm, a surviving depth of 14.4mm and a weight of 2.3g). The leg is of D-shaped section at the break (4.5mm wide and 2.1mm thick) with straight, near-parallel or slightly convergent sides towards the foot. Above the foot the leg has a sub-triangular section. The sides of the leg have a fine incised border. No other decoration is evident on the leg. The foot is of conical form (with a diameter of 6.5mm) and is enhanced with a groove near its base. The catch-plate is positioned at the centre of the rear of the leg and arcs to the catch. The surface has a pale to mid-green patina. The fragmentary nature of the brooch and missing head makes typological identification uncertain but the form and features are consistent with some brooches of Trumpet and allied types.

NMGW-7A1C37: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Constantine I (AD 307-37) nummus PROVIDENTIAE AVGG; Camp gate Uncertain mint (c. 322-327) 2.50g, corroded

Roman copper alloy coin Uncertain but possibly House of Valentinian nummus

NMGW-8E4D47: VESSEL
Post medieval copper alloy cooking vessel handle fragment from a posnet or skillet of 16th to 17th century date The fragment is the handle terminal from a cooking vessel (with a surviving length of 77.4mm and a weight of 156.5g). The handle is of D-shaped section at the break (with a width of 28.6mm and a thickness of 12.4mm) with straight and near-parallel sides before the terminal. The handle has a rounded step down to the terminal (10.4mm deep and giving an overall depth of 20.3mm), which has a rounded end. The body of the handle has a grooved border each side and a central decorative motif with an oval groove discernible before the break, now heavily-worn but possibly depicting the letter 'O' or number '0'. The surface has a mid-green patina and is worn with a number of casting flaws discernible.

NMGW-8E7004: LID
Copper alloy hinged lid, probably of post medieval date The object comprises the complete lid only (with a length of 48.1mm and a weight of 13.5g). The hinge has a single, central lug (10.6mm high, 12.3mm long and 2.8mm thick, giving the lid an overall depth of 15.0mm) with a large sub-circular aperture (6.2mm diameter). The body is sub-circular (25.8mm long, 23.9mm wide and 4.8mm deep) and is deeper at the hinge end (7.4mm compared to 6.2mm). Along the edge of the base are a series of indentations, now corroded but not perforations. There is a sub-rectangular lug on the outside edge (10.9mm long, 9.6mm wide and 2.0mm - 3.3mm thick). The lug has a sub-rectangular slot (7.2mm x 4.0mm) and was likely to have been used to secure the lid. The underside is flat and has no decoration. The surface has brown corrosion. It is difficult to determine the exact use and date of the lid, the heavy nature of the casting, lack of perforations and locking lug would suggest the lid was not from a seal box.

NMGW-8FA96E: ANNULAR BROOCH
Medieval copper alloy annular buckle / brooch of 13th to 14th century date The buckle is of annular type and is complete (with a weight of 2.4g). The annular frame is sub-circular (with an external diameter of 19.6mm - 20.9mm and internal 14.8mm - 15.7mm) and of faceted, oval section (2.4mm thick and 2.1mm - 2.8mm wide). There is no discernible decoration on either face of the frame. There is no constriction for the pin on the frame but there is a notch. The pin is present (with a length of 21.3mm) and of consistent D-shaped section (1.7mm wide and 1.3mm thick) with its loop simply wrapped around the frame (with a diameter of 6.0mm). The pin shaft is concave across its length. The surface has a dark-brown patina. Egan & Pritchard (1991, p 64-5)[1] noted the difficulty of distinguishing plain annular brooches from buckles and decided to use the presence of a pin restriction on the frame to identify a brooch, categorising this example as a buckle. [1] Egan G. & Pritchard F. 1991; Medieval Finds from Excavations in London: 3; Dress Accessories; Museum Of London

NMGW-9008DA: MOUNT
Copper alloy mount, possibly of medieval date The mount is complete (with a length of 30.4mm and a weight of 2.5g). The mount is widest at one end (at 14.4mm), which is straight and enhanced with diagonal grooves. The central area of the mount is flat sectioned (1.8mm thick), decorated with two, different sized apertures (5.5mm and 3.1mm diameter), around which the edges are serrated. The mount narrows to a terminal, globular knop (5.8mm wide and 3.2mm thick). The surface has a mid-green patina.

NMGW-903CB2: TOKEN
Post medieval copper alloy token Farthing token of Will Cockell, Westbury, Wiltshire WILL.COCKELL.OF.WEST/BVRY.COVNTY.IN.WILTS 58 C/WS BW Wilts 260 0.60g

NMGW-A19E26: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Crispus, Caesar (AD 317-26) nummus, Lyon VOT/X /CAESARVM NOSTRORVM //PLC RIC VII Lyon 216 (c. 323-4) 2.80g

NMGW-A1B0D1: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Claudius II (AD 268-70) radiate, Milan SPES PVBLICA (//p) Cf RIC 168 Cunetio 2240 2.68g, corroded

NMGW-A2775B: COIN
A copper alloy Roman nummus of Arcadius (AD 383-408), dating to the period AD 388-395 (Reece Period 21). VICTORIA AVGG reverse type, depicting Victory advancing left. Uncertain mint. 1.27g, corroded

NMGW-A4C763: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Constans, Augustus (AD 337-50) nummus, Siscia GLORIA EXERCITVS; one standard //BSISU. RIC VIII Sis 100 (c. 337-40) 1.11g

NMGW-A4E60D: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Constantius II Augustus (AD 337-61) nummus, Trier GLORIA EXERCITVS; one standard //.TRP RIC VIII Tr. 93 (c. 337-40) 1.94g

NMGW-A4F662: COIN
A copper alloy contemporary copy of a Roman nummus (maiorina) of the House of Constantine (AD 307-361), dating to the period AD 353-360 (Reece Period 18). FEL TEMP REPARATIO reverse type, depicting a soldier advancing left, spearing a fallen horseman. Unclear mint. 1.07g

NMGW-A50BC6: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin House of Valentinian (AD 364-78) SECVRITAS REIPVBLICAE; otherwise uncertain 1.45g, worn and corroded

NMGW-A54618: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Valentinian I (AD 364-75) bronze, Arles SECVRITAS REIPVBLICAE N - //SCON LRBC ii 508 1.89g, corroded

NMGW-B448E3: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Valens (AD 364-78) bronze, otherwise uncertain 1.48, corroded and incomplete

NMGW-B459C7: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Valens (AD 364-78) bronze, Aquileia SECVRITAS REIPVBLICAE A//SMAQP LRBC ii 968 2.38, corroded

NMGW-B46ACB: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Constantine II (AD 317-37) nummus, Trier GLORIA EXERCITVS; one standard //.TR(S). RIC Tr. 591 (c. 335-7) 1.47

NMGW-B48857: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Valentinian I (AD 304-75) bronze, Rome SECVRITAS REIPVLICAE //[S]MQRP LRBC ii 724 2.11g, corroded

NMGW-B49A03: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Gallienus; sole reign (AD 260-8) radiate Mint and reverse type uncertain 1.81g, corroded and incomplete

NMGW-B4A9F1: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Valens (AD 364-78) bronze Lyon SECVRITAS REIPVLICAE OF I/S //LVGP Cf. LRBC ii 344 1.98g, corroded

NMGW-B4BDEC: COIN
A copper alloy Roman nummus of Magnus Maximus (AD 383-388), dating to the period AD 383-388 (Reece Period 20). SPES ROMANORVM reverse type, depicting a camp gate with star between its two turrets. Unclear mint. 1.10g

NMGW-B4D0D9: COIN
Roman copper alloy nummus of Arcadius dating to the period AD 388 to 402 (Reece period 21). SALVS REI PVBLICAE reverse type depicting victory going left with standard and captive. Uncertain mint, possibly Rome or Aquileia.

NMGW-B5E318: COIN
A copper alloy contemporary copy of a Roman nummus (maiorina) of Constans (AD 333-350), dating to the period AD 348-350 (Reece Period 18). FEL TEMP REPARATIO reverse type, depicting the Emperor standing left on galley. Unclear mint. 21mm, 5.57g, corroded

NMGW-B5F928: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Gallienus, sole reign (AD 260-8) radiate, probably minted in Rome Reverse, possibly SECVRIT PERPET but possibly irregular 2.20g, corroded

NMGW-B66291: JETTON
Post medieval copper alloy jetton Nuremburg; late 16th to early 17th century corroded

NMGW-B67650: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy brooch of Colchester Derivative Harlow, two pins piercing head of 1st century AD. The brooch is fragmentary, represented by part of the head and upper bow only (with a surviving length of 19.0mm, a surviving depth of 18.9mm and a weight of 4.8g). The missing spring was secured behind the truncated wings (with a surviving width of 24.0mm) and secured at the centre by a double-perforated lug. The perforation to hold the missing axis bar is damaged but the broken chord remains in place in the top perforation. The upper bow is of oval section (8.4mm wide and 5.0mm thick), with straight sides converging to the break. The perforated lug developed into a midrib on the bow, now eroded and lost. All other surface detail from the brooch has been lost and the surface has a mid-brown patina with areas of pale-green corrosion.

NMGW-C98B8B: STRAP END
Early Medieval (Late Anglo-Saxon) copper alloy strap-end of late 8th to 11th century date The strap-end is of Thomas' (2003, p 4)[1] Class B, Type 1 and is complete but is slightly distorted (with a length of 37.5mm and a weight of 3.4g). The strap-end is widest at the split attachment end (at 8.5mm wide and 4.3mm deep), which is near-straight and the two attachment rivets remain in place. The sides of the strap-end converge towards the terminal (to a minimum width of 5.5mm where it has a thickness of 1.6mm). The shaft is mostly undecorated but had three sets of parallel incised lines and an incised border, now worn. The two lower pairs of incised lines continue on to the sides. The terminal comprises a debased and stylised beasts' head comprising incised chevrons to suggest features. The underside of the strap-end is not decorated. The surface is worn and has a dark-brown patina. [1] Thomas, G.; 2003, Late Anglo-Saxon and Viking Age strap-ends 750-1100: Part 1; The finds Research Group AD700-1700, Datasheet 32

NMGW-C9A370: BUCKLE
Medieval copper alloy oval buckle with separate plate, probably of mid 14th to 16th century date The buckle comprises the oval frame (26.1mm long and 25.1mm wide) with separate folded sheet plate 30.0mm long, 15.2mm wide and 1.4mm thick). The buckle has an expanded outside edge (4.9mm wide and 4.2mm thick) with a notch for the pin. The sides are convex and the bar is offset. The pin does not survive but the presence of iron corrosion suggests an iron was used. The plate was folded around the bar with a slot for the pin. The plate was probably of rectangular form but is now corroded with peripheral loss. The plate was attached to the strap and closed by a rivet near the attachment end, which is still in place (with a length of 5.2mm and a diameter of 3.3mm). No trace of applied decoration survives on the plate but there is the suggestion of a transverse rib behind the pin slot. The surface is heavily-corroded with traces of a dark-green patina.

NMGW-C9B2A6: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Victorinus In Gaul (AD 269-71) radiate VIRTVS AVG Elmer 697; cf. Cunetio 2552 1.76g, corroded

NMGW-C9CE5B: COIN
A copper alloy contemporary copy of a Roman nummus (maiorina) of Decentius (AD 350-353), dating to the period AD 350-353 (Reece Period 18). VICTORIAE DD NN AVG ET CAE reverse type, depicting two Victories, winged, draped, standing facing each other, holding between them wreath inscribed VOT/V/MVLT/X. Copying mint of Lyon. cf. RIC VIII Lugdunum 137/139/141; LRBC ii 228 18mm, 1.35g corroded

NMGW-C9F37A: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Radiate, late Gallic or irregular (c. AD 270-9) 1.04g, corroded

NMGW-CA0854: COIN
A copper alloy possible contemporary copy of a Roman nummus (maiorina) of Magnentius (AD 350-353), dating to the period AD 351-353 (Reece Period 18). VICTORIAE DD NN AVG ET CAE reverse type, depicting two Victories, winged, draped, standing facing each other, holding between them wreath inscribed VOT/V/MVLT/X surmounted by ☧. Mint of Lyon. RIC VIII Lugdunum 145​​​​/7; LRBC ii 229/231. The coin was identified by Edward Besly as a contemporary copy. This might be due to it being underweight, but otherwise the coin appears to be official. 20mm, 1.87g

NMGW-CA251D: RAZOR
Roman copper alloy anthropomorphic handle probably from a razor of early Roman date, c. 1st or 2nd century AD The handle is comparatively slight and is near-complete, missing the loop and the iron blade is lost (with a surviving length of 42.5mm and a weight of 10.1g). At the apex of the handle is a damaged suspension loop, probably of rectangular section (4.9mm long, 2.4mm wide and with an internal diameter of 2.6mm). The loop sits towards the rear of a depiction of a human head. The head is the widest and deepest part of the handle (with a width of 9.5mm, a depth of 9.7mm and a length of 14.8mm). The rear of the head is flat and is undecorated and much of the finer details of the face are now corroded and lost. The hair is depicted as grooves between the sides and the brow. There is a discernible moulded ridge from the brow to the face. The ridge, which would have depicted the nose is evident and there are the suggestion of recessed areas, possibly bordered with grooves for the eyes. There is another ridge from the chin to the neck and two transverse grooves survive beneath the chin. The shaft of the handle is of moderately consistent near-circular section (6mm diameter) before expanding to the sub-rectangular base (7.8mm wide and 5.9mm wide). The shaft appears to have an inset iron pin (4.5mm below the chin), slightly off-centre and possibly a secondary addition. There is also the suggestion of a copper alloy circular feature of similar size below the iron pin (10mm below the chin). The base of the handle has adhering iron corrosion and there is a slot cut through the base (4mm deep and 2mm wide) to accommodate the missing iron blade. The surface has a dark-green patina and dark-green corrosion. The handle is interesting and difficult to parallel in the archaeological literature, it would seem probable that it might have been from a razor, although it comparatively small and delicate for razor. The relatively fine moulding observed on the surviving features and naturalistic style, may suggest an iron Roman date.

NMGW-CAF3D5: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Divus Claudius II (Claudius II (AD 268-70) commemorative) radiate Rome, or possibly irregular Rev.: [CONSECRATIO]; altar 1.51g, corroded

NMGW-CB1C0B: COIN
A copper alloy contemporary copy of a Roman nummus of the House of Constantine (AD 307-361), dating to the period AD 353-360 (Reece Period 18). FEL TEMP REPARATIO reverse type, depicting a soldier advancing left, spearing a fallen horseman. Copying unclear mint. 14mm, 1.42g, corroded

NMGW-CB3126: TOKEN
Post medieval copper alloy token Farthing token in the name of Charles I (1625-49) 'Rose' type (c. 1635-43) 0.90, corroded

NMGW-CB6D94: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Tetricus I In Gaul (AD 271-4) radiate, mint I PAX AVG Elmer 775, Cunetio 2603 1.42g, corroded

NMGW-CB8FB0: COIN
A copper alloy contemporary copy of a Roman nummus of the House of Constantine (AD 307-361), dating to the period AD 353-360 (Reece Period 18). FEL TEMP REPARATIO reverse type, depicting a soldier advancing left, spearing a fallen horseman. Possibly copying a Lyon issue. 13mm, 0.87g, corroded

NMGW-CBA665: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Theodora, commemorative issue (c. AD 337-40) nummus, probably Trier PIETAS ROMANA +//[ ] cf. LRBC I 105 1.29g

NMGW-CBB7D3: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Tetricus I In Gaul (AD 271-4) radiate, mint II VILARITAS AVGG Elmer 789, Cunetio 2648 1.60g, corroded

NMGW-CBC5B3: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin As or dupondius, probably 2nd century but otherwise uncertain 6.58g, corroded

NMGW-CC0114: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Tetricus II In Gaul (c. AD 273-4) radiate Uncertain reverse 2.45g, corroded

NMGW-33A010: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of Trumpet type and 1st or 2nd century AD The brooch is fragmentary, represented by the head and upper bow only (with a surviving length of 23.5mm, a surviving depth of 9.3mm and a weight of 4.8g). The missing spring was secured around a central lug with a perforation to accommodate the axis bar. There is a notch at the base of the lug to tension the chord and the top of the lug is truncated and possibly continued to form a spike to hold a swivelling chain loop. There is no evidence for an integral chain-loop at the head. The head was oval, now slightly damaged (17.9mm long and 14.5mm high) and has a plate surrounding the smaller upper bow. The rear of the head is dished. The bow is of D-shaped section at the head (15.2mm wide and 10.0mm high). The top of the bow is decorated with a spiral scroll on each side, which continue on to the front of the bow to form linear ribs. In-between these two ribs are another two ribs, which appear to be diverging towards the break. No other decoration is evident on the short area of bow surviving. The bow is of D-shaped section at the break (7.1mm wide and 4.3mm thick). There is the suggestion of a tinned or silvered surface; otherwise the surface has a dark-green patina with areas of pale-green corrosion.

NMGW-3523A7: HARNESS PENDANT
Medieval copper alloy harness pendant, probably of later 12th or early 13th century date The pendant is near-complete, missing the top of the loop (with a surviving length of 34.0mm and a weight of 8.2g). The damaged loop (with a surviving length of 5mm, a surviving width of 5.2mm and a thickness of 0.8mm - 2.6mm) was perpendicular to the axis of the pendant. The pendant is of lozenge form (28mm long, 26.3mm wide and 1.8mm - 3.6mm thick). The pendant is decorated with a comparatively slender rampant lion in cast relief. The field surrounding the lion is decorated with punched dots and there is no evidence for enamel on the within the recessed field. Parts of the interior of the lion are slightly hollowed. The edges of the pendant have a raised border, also enhanced with punched decoration. The rear of the pendant is flat and is undecorated. The surface has a pale-green corrosion with red-brown stripped metal exposed. The pendant may be suggested as having a comparatively early date for harness pendants. The punched decoration and slender form of the rampant lion can be paralleled in 12th and early 13th century pendants from East Anglia (Ashley, 2002, p. 5-16, no. 29)[1]. It was likely that the pendant was originally gilt. [1] Ashley, S.; 2002; Medieval Armorial Horse Furniture; East Anglian Archaeology, Report No. 101; Norfolk Museum and Archaeology Service

NMGW-35459E: FINGER RING
Late medieval copper alloy seal finger-ring, probably of 15th to 16th century date The finger-ring is fragmentary and comprises the bezel and a small fragment of the hoop (with a surviving length of 5.4mm and a weight of 3.2g). The bezel is circular (with a diameter of 5.2mm and a thickness of 2.3mm). The bezel has a reversed letter 'R' at the centre, at the end of the R is a three-leaved device or Fleur-de-lys and a similar but smaller device near the base of the letter. Before the letter R (when reversed) is an upright with short diagonals on each side, probably another decorative vegetal device but possibly representing the letter 'I'. The copper alloy hoop was a simple rectangular-sectioned band (4.8mm wide and 1.9mm thick), probably of consistent width. The hoop appears to be separate, soldered to the bezel. The surface has a pale-green corrosion and the stripped surface is a grey-green. The green corrosion in the seal now resembles an inlay but must be a later corrosion product for the seal to be of practical use.

NMGW-36EEB6: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Julia Mamaea; mother of Severus Alexander (AD 222-35) sestertius, Rome FELICITAS PVBLICAE; seated left RIC (Aux) 679 18.95g, corroded and worn

Roman copper alloy coin Constantine II Caesar (AD 317-37) nummus, Trier PROVIDENTIAE CAESS; camp gate //PTR RIC VII Tr. 455 (c. 324-5) 2.49g, corroded

NMGW-3763FB: COIN
A copper alloy Roman sestertius, dupondius or as, daring to the period c. AD 41-250. Uncertain reverse type. Unclear mint.

A copper alloy Roman as of an uncertain emperor, dating to the period c. AD 41-200. Uncertain reverse type. Unclear mint. corroded

NMGW-37D49E: MIRROR CASE
Medieval cast copper alloy cased mirror of late 13th to mid 14th century date The mirror is fragmentary, comprising the incomplete half of the case (with an overall length of 44.5mm and a weight of 6.6g). The case was hinged with double perforated lugs (6.1mm deep, 7.0mm long, 6.7mm wide, 1.0mm - 1.8mm thick and with a perforation diameter of 3.0mm). On the opposite side of the case is a catch, comprising a single lug (4.7mm deep, 6.4mm long and 2.4mm thick) with a notch on its lower edge. The case has a flange (3.6mm deep) around its edge and the flange on the complete side has a transverse rib (giving a width of 33.9mm). The flat circular face of the case (32.3mm diameter) is decorated with ribs defined by punched triangle or rectangles on each side. The decoration comprises a border, at the centre of which is a cross and between each arm is a triangle with a central vertice. The interior of the case is undecorated with no evidence for a surviving adhesive. The surface has a dark-green to brown patina. The cased mirror can be closely paralleled with three examples excavated in London (Egan & Pritchard, 1991, p 361-2, nos. 1714-6), all from contexts dating between 1270 to 1350.

NMGW-38A7D3: BUCKLE
Medieval copper alloy buckle frame of mid 12th to 14th century date The buckle frame is oval with ornate outside edge and is missing the pin (with a length of 16.4mm and a weight of 1.9g). The outside edge is of D-shaped section (3.5mm wide and 2.8mm thick) and decorated with transverse grooves but is without a notch for the pin. The sides are convex (giving the buckle a width of 23.8mm and thickness of 1.9mm) and of faceted section. The bar is narrowed and offset (with a diameter of 1.7mm - 2.0mm). The surface has a dark-green patina.

NMGW-5E5489: SCABBARD
Medieval copper alloy scabbard mount probably of 15th century date The chape is sheet metal (0.5mm - 1.0mm thick), missing the rear plate and is slightly distorted (with a length of 48.4mm, a depth of 7.0mm at the apex and 3.4mm at the base and a with a weight of 6.9g). The top edge is crenulated with three rounded lobes. Below the top edge is a transverse rib and there is a similar rib across the centre of the chape. The sides are slightly convex and convergent towards the base (with a maximum width between the transverse ribs of 20.9mm). The base is enhanced with knop. There in no applied decoration discernible on the surface. The surface has a pale brown corrosion.

NMGW-5E7FD2: STRAP END
Medieval copper alloy strap-end of 14th to 15th century date The strap-end is heavily corroded but appears to be of composite form with a forked spacer and is likely to be near-complete (with a length of 19.4mm, a thickness of 3.1mm and a weight of 2.2g). The top edge is straight (with a width of 13.2mm) and the sides are straight and near-parallel to the rounded end. There was a terminal knop at the centre of the base. The re is no surviving decoration on either of the plates.

NMGW-5EBA89: BUCKLE
Medieval copper alloy buckle of 14th to 16th century date The buckle is of 'locking' type and is incomplete, missing the arm (with a length of 28.2mm and a weight of 6.8g). The frame is rectangular 28.3mm long and 16.4mm wide). The outside edge of the frame is wider (at 4.9mmmm compared to 2.0mm) than the other and has a step near the end. The underside of the outside end is bevelled. The sides of the frame are rectangular sectioned and the inside end is circular sectioned (2mm diameter). The chape is oval sectioned around the bar with the central integral pin (9.3mm long). The copper alloy arm is broken (with a surviving length of 4.3mm) and is riveted through the frame as the bar. The surface has a pale-green to brown corrosion.

NMGW-5EF039: TOKEN
Post medieval copper alloy token City of London, Newgate Within Farthing token of Mary Wingfield possibly of the Bear Tavern (c. 1650-69) BW London 2042 0.77g, corroded

NMGW-5F29DF: TOKEN
Post medieval copper alloy token Halfpenny token of George Drwry, Tingewick, 1669 The obverse is illegible Rev.: [T]INGEICKE.1669 BW Buckinghamshire 135 1.27g, corroded

NMGW-5F4F12: JETTON
Post medieval copper alloy jetton Nuremburg, probably Hans Kranwinckel (c. 1565-1635) GOTT ALLEIN DIE EHRE (To God alone be glory) 1.44g, Corroded

NMGW-62111D: ROWEL SPUR
Medieval to Post medieval copper alloy rowel from a spur, probably of 15th to 18th century date The rowel is near-complete, with some peripheral damage to some of the points (with a maximum surviving diameter of 35.3mm, a thickness of 2.7mm and a weight of 7.0g). The rowel comprises seven points, which gradually taper to the tips. Each of the points was separated from the next by a groove as far as the central perforation and is evident on both faces. The perforation is oval (5.6mm x 4.5mm) and is placed off-centre. The rowel is slightly thicker at the centre. The surface has a dark green patina with areas of green corrosion and red-brown surface loss.

NMGW-6300C9: KNIFE
Post medieval copper alloy knife handle terminal of 17th or 18th century date The terminal is complete (with a length of 13.6mm and a weight of 8.6g) but no other part of the handle or knife is represented. The attachment end is gently convex and has a slot to accommodate the end of the knife tang (1 mm wide and 5mm deep). The sides are straight and divergent towards the apex (giving the terminal a maximum width of 17.4mm). The faces are convex across their widths and are slightly thicker at the base (with a maximum thickness of 6.8mm). The faces are decorated prominent incised cross-hatching with alternating squares enhanced with rocker-arm decoration. The top edge is convex and is decorated with prominent diagonal incised lines. The preserved surface is bronze-brown coloured with areas of bright green corrosion around the slot.

NMGW-6322BD: SEAL MATRIX
Medieval copper alloy seal matrix of 13th or 14th century date The seal matrix is of shield-shaped form and is comparatively small (with a length of 20.0mm, a width of 15.5mm and a weight of 2.9g), and is incomplete, with a missing loop and peripheral damage. The loop stubs are evident on the apex of the rear (giving a maximum surviving depth of 4.3mm, a length of 6.2mm, an internal diameter of 2.7mm and a width of 3.0mm). There is the suggestion of a rib extending from the base of the loop but now corroded. The seal die is sub-triangular (2.9mm thick) with a central device depicting a vegetal design, probably a more naturalistic interpretation of the fleur-de-lis. The encircling legend is only partially preserved and is now difficult to read (It is hoped a silicone impression will help with an interpretation) but it is possible to suggest the following characters: + S' [-] C I A T S [-] E N I The interpretation of the legend remains uncertain. The surface is heavily corroded with a pale to dark green corrosion deposit.

NMGW-6337A6: VESSEL
Copper alloy vessel mount of uncertain date, possibly Roman The mount is of looped form, probably representing the inner part of a hinge (with an overall length of 41.9mm and a weight of 13.6g). The attachment plate is of elongated lozenge form (with a length of 35.3mm, a width of 14.7mm and a thickness of 2.5mm - 3.7mm), which is slightly wedged, thinnest opposite the hinge. The mount was attached to the vessel by a single iron rivet, which is partially preserved (giving a surviving depth of 6.3mm). The opposite face has carefully bevelled edges and the iron rivet does not appear to penetrate. The surface has file striations from finishing but no applied decoration. The hinge lug is P-shaped (with an overall depth of 17.5mm, and a thickness of 5.3mm). The central perforation (with a diameter of 3.5mm) has remnant traces of adhering iron corrosion suggesting the use of an iron axis bar. There is the suggestion of a worn circular mark left by the corresponding exterior lugs. The surface has a dark-brown patina. The mount is difficult to confidently identify and date but is similar to Roman period mounts from the lids of jugs.

NMGW-471B5A: CANDLESTICK
Late medieval copper alloy candlestick, probably of 15th or 16th century date The candlestick is distorted and fragmentary, missing both the socket and separate base (with a surviving, distorted length of 166mm and a weight of 107.4g). The candlestick was of composite form with a circular sectioned plug (12.9mm diameter and 10.8mm long) to fit into the base. Above the base-plug is a flanged moulding (16.4mm diameter), with a bevel to the shaft at its top. A similar flanged moulding is present beneath the mid-point of the candlestick but with the bevel towards the base. Between mouldings is a flange without bevels placed (29mm) between the two. The flanges were enhanced with decorative grooves, now largely worn-away and corroded. The upper part of the candle-stick is plain and gradually tapers to the break (where it has a diameter of 5.8mm). The surface has a mid to dark-brown patina with areas of pale-green corrosion.

NMGW-69481F: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin House of Constantine I nummus GLORIA EXERCITVS; One-standard type Probably irregular (c. AD 335-45) 0.62g, corroded

NMGW-33001B: JETTON
Post medieval copper alloy jetton Nuremburg, Wolf Lauffer II (c. 1612-32) FESTINA[LENTE] WOLF[LAVFER] [ASSIDUUITATE ET] TOLERANTIA Corroded fragment

NMGW-3325B4: JETTON
Post medieval copper alloy jetton Nuremburg (c. 1500-35) 1.48g, Corroded

NMGW-33A563: FINGER RING
Roman copper alloy finger-ring of 3rd century AD date The finger-ring is near-complete, missing the setting but with a distorted hoop (with a distorted length of 18.9mm and a weight of 9.2g). The hoop is of rectangular section and narrowest at the underside (with a minimum width and thickness of 4.2mm and 1.0mm respectively). The hoop widens at the shoulders which have pyramidal mouldings to define a keeled form (giving the ring a width of 27.9mm). The bezel has a raised oval (4.9mm deep) surrounded by a flat border (0.5mm thick and giving the ring a width at the bezel of 17.7mm). The setting for the missing stone or glass intaglio is also oval (4.7mm long, 12.4mm wide and 2.5mm deep). The interior of the setting contains a grey deposit, possibly the remnants of an adhesive. The ring and shoulders are not further enhanced with applied decoration. The surface has a dark-green patina with areas of pale green corrosion. The finger-ring form with keeled shoulders generally corresponds to Henig's (1974)[1] Type VIII, which he ascribes a third century AD date. [1] Henig, M., 1978 (2nd ed.); A Corpus of Roman Engraved Gemstones from British Series; BAR British Series 8

Roman copper alloy coin Constantine II Caesar (AD 317-37) nummus, London BEAT TRA-NQLITAS F B // PLON RIC VII Lon. 257 (c. 322-3) 2.88g

NMGW-33EDBD: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Constantinopolis nummus (c. AD 330-5) Rev.: Victory on prow //.BSIS. (= Siscia) RIC VII Sis. 241 1.80g, corroded

NMGW-34BD83: WEIGHT
Post medieval copper alloy trade weight With a crowned 'C' for Charles I (1625-49) or II (1660-85); sword for London Probably originally a 2-ounce weight 46.42g, corroded

NMGW-34F0C6: JETTON
Post medieval copper alloy jetton Probably from Nuremburg (c. 1500) The design is copying Burgundian Court of Arms / naked female holding a watering can

NMGW-35BBEC: HARNESS PENDANT
Medieval copper alloy harness pendant of 13th or 14th century date The pendant is of figurative type, in the form of a bird and is complete, although the suspension mount is not attached (with a length of 32.7mm and a weight of 3.6g). At the apex is the single loop from the hinge, perpendicular to the axis of the pendant but now slightly distorted (with a length of 8.1mm, a width of 5.6mm, a thickness of 1.3mm - 2.3mm and a diameter of 1.5mm). There is the suggestion of iron staining around the perforation. The bird is likely to be an eagle displayed and has openwork decoration around its base. The head is turned, facing left and the pendant is widest across the top of the wings (with a width of 17.2mm). The wings project forward slightly and the body is convex across its width. The tail is fanned shaped and defined by the oval apertures. The detail on the bird in now difficult to discern but there is the suggestion of vertical ribbing on the wings and undulating rows across the body. The surface has a pale-brown corrosion with areas of dark-brown surface loss. It is likely that the pendant was originally gilt. The item may be an armorial badge on a pendant and two similar badges are catalogued from Norfolk (Ashley, 2002, p. 26, nos. 2-3)[1]. Ashley (ibid.) states that the badges may have decorated something other than horse furniture, possibly livery collars. [1] Ashley, S.; 2002; Medieval Armorial Horse Furniture; East Anglian Archaeology, Report No. 101; Norfolk Museum and Archaeology Service

Medieval copper alloy buckle of annular type and of mid 13th to mid 15th century date The buckle frame is near-circular (24.5mm - 45.4mm external diameter, 34.2mm - 35.2mm internal diameter and weighing 16.9g) and is of faceted, sub-oval section (4.1mm - 5.3mm wide and 4.3mm - 5.2mm thick). Faceting on the frame may be the result of wear from a strap. There is no pin restriction on the frame. The pin is incomplete (with a surviving length of 30.5mm) and has an open loop around the frame, now truncated and is narrowest at the rear of the loop, gradually widening towards the shaft (with a diameter of 11.8mm and a width of 2.2mm - 3.7mm) and with a ridged moulding at its base. The pin is of rounded, sub-rectangular section and gradually tapers to the break. The surface is corroded with a grey-green patina and areas of pale green corrosion.

NMGW-45A67E: STRAP END
Copper alloy zoomorphic strap-end possibly of Early Medieval, 11th century date The strap-end is complete (with a length of 27.5mm and a weight of 11.8g) but is heavily-corroded. The strap-end depicts a beast's head, cast in the round with narrowed snout, a central groove on the brow and conjoined C-shaped mouldings for ears (giving the strap-end a maximum width of 10.9mm, where it has a thickness of 8.9mm). There is the suggestion of an incised eye, on one side but is now corroded and all other detail has been lost. The underside is undecorated and gently concave. The attachment end is of D-shaped section, with straight parallel sides (9.0mm wide) and with a maximum depth at the end (of 10.1mm). There is a groove to accommodate the strap (6.1mm long and 2.0mm wide at the attachment end). The strap was attached using a single copper alloy rivet, which remains in place. The surface has largely been lost with remnant traces of a green patina and elsewhere has red-brown corrosion. The strap-end is unusual and does not closely correspond to Thomas's (2003[1] & 2004[2]) Late Viking and Saxon strap-ends but perhaps is closest to a shortened, stuby example allied to his Class B4 but it is likely that this example is unrelated to the group. [1] Thomas, G.; 2003, Late Anglo-Saxon and Viking Age strap-ends 750-1100: Part 1; The finds Research Group AD700-1700, Datasheet 32 [2] Thomas, G.; 2004, Late Anglo-Saxon and Viking Age strap-ends 750-1100: Part 2; The finds Research Group AD700-1700, Datasheet 33

Late medieval copper alloy buckle of 13th or 14th century date The buckle is near-complete, missing the pin and is of concave, rectangular form with central bar (with a length of 35.5mm, a width of 45.4mm, a depth of 10.4mm and a weight of 25.5g). Both outside edges are circular-sectioned (6.7mm diameter) with four deep and regularly spaced grooves cut from the outside (3.1mm deep). The frame is enhanced with a cross-hatched design between the grooves. The sides are of sub-rectangular section (4.5mm wide and 3.2mm thick) and are decorated with a circle of pellets with a central pellet, resembling a flower on the mid-point, where the sides meet the bar. The sides are enhanced with an incised cross at the ends of the outside edge and the ends of the bar. The bar is sub-circular sectioned (3mm diameter). And has areas of wear where the missing pin was looped. The surface has a dark-green patina with areas of adhering iron corrosion. The buckle can be closely paralleled with an example excavated in London (Egan & Pritchard, 1991, no. 443, p 97)[1] from a late-13th to mid-14th century context. [1] Egan G. & Pritchard F. 1991; Medieval Finds from Excavations in London: 3; Dress Accessories; Museum Of London

NMGW-47ACD3: BUCKLE
Late medieval copper alloy buckle of mid-14th to mid-15th century date The buckle is incomplete, missing the sheet plates and one of the side forks (with a length of 8.1g). The frame is oval with a central, pointed lip (5.0mm wide) and a probable notch for the pin, now worn. Otherwise the frame is of consistent with and thickness and of triangular section (2.5mm wide and 2.4mm thick). There are rounded ribs behind the frame (giving the buckle a maximum thickness of 4.6mm and with a length of 5.6mm) suggesting that separate sheet-metal plates were employed. There is a rabbet (3.3mm wide) for the short bar, around which the copper alloy pin is looped (with a length 19.1mm). The pin loop is open at the rear and has shoulders at the start of the shaft before gradually converging to the tip. The forked spacer two steps on each side to the square-sectioned prongs, only one of which now survives. The surface has been stripped and is now bronze with a black patina.

NMGW-47E4BE: ROTARY KEY
Medieval or post medieval copper alloy rotary key probably from 13th to 17th century date The key is incomplete, missing the bow (with a surviving length of 72.5mm and a weight of 24.7g). The bow is incomplete but is likely to have been of circular to oval form (with a surviving width of 9.6mm) and appears to have been of triangular section. There is a V-shaped moulding at the base of the bow. The shank is of faceted oval section, becoming D-shaped at the tip (7.6mm x 8.7mm below the bow and 4.1mm x 5.0mm at the tip). The end of the shank is solid. The bit has two clefts on each side and has three wards on the bow side but only two on the tip side. The surface has a dark green patina. Keys of this general form have been recovered from excavations in London dating from the 12th to 14th centuries (Egan, 1998, p 111)[1] in addition to later post medieval contexts (Margesson, 1993, pp 159-162)[2]. The size of the key and the decoration would seem to suggest it was used with a larger rotary lock. [1] Egan G., 1998; Medieval Finds from Excavations in London: 6; The Medieval Household Daily Living c.1150-1450; Museum Of London [2] Margesson, S., 1993; Norwich Households: The Medieval and Post-Medieval Finds from Norwich Survey Excavations 1971-1978; East Anglian Archaeology Report No. 58, 1993

NMGW-48EC34: WEIGHT
Post medieval copper alloy trade weight Charles I / II (1625-49 / 1660-85), indicated by a crowned-C, Sword and ewer for the London marks, possibly a worn 'A' at the centre for 'avoirdupois' 6.0g approximately equal to quarter-ounce weight avoirdupois (correct weight, pre-corrosion = 7.1g)

NMGW-49787D: BOOK FITTING
A fragmentary copper-alloy mount from a book of medieval date. It is 43.6 mm long, and of a surviving width of 25.0mm and a weight of 16.5g; it probably represents a little under half of the original. The mount was attached using two peripheral lugs (7.5mm long, 8.5mm wide and 3.2mm thick) on the two surviving corners and would have had a further two loops. One of the attachment loops is complete (with a diameter of 3.3mm) and the other is damaged with iron staining, suggesting iron rivets were employed. The edge between the loops is not straight but gently convex, suggesting that the mount was attached to a concave surface although the mount may be slightly crushed. The mount was three dimensional, with the angled sides (8.5mm deep) to the top. The top appears to have been concave across its presumed width (between the attachment lugs) and is flat across its presumed length. The face and side has linear incised decoration, seemingly comprising a central cross, defined by double parallel grooves. There are also three more subtle grooves from each lug to the centre. The rear of the mount is hollowed and as-cast while the reverse of the lugs shows rough file marks. The surface has a mid to dark-green patina with a number of scratches on the side and below the patina. Similar objects have been recorded on the PAS database: WMID-318F19, DOR-3F00F1. Howsam includes another example from an excavated context at Rievaulx Abbey (2016, 95, no. 301) and allocates this to her type B.1.4. Howsam comments (2016, 96) that there is good manuscript evidence supporting the classification of these mounts as book fittings. A late twelfth-century copy of the Letters of St Jerome (Oxford, Bodleian Library, MS Lyell 2) written in England and once owned by the Cistercian monks of Holme Cultram Abbey, Cumberland, has four furnishings attached to its front cover (De la Mare 1971, 3). They have been described as being 'shaped like woolpacks' (De la Mare 1971, 3) and are very similar in form and appearance to the fitting excavated from Rievaulx Abbey.

NMGW-49A742: MOUNT
Copper alloy decorative anthropomorphic mount, probably of medieval to post medieval date The cast mount is complete and is comparatively small (with a length of 35.1mm and a weight of 7.5g). The mount is cast in the round (with a maximum thickness of 5.7mm) and appears to be of anthropomorphic form with a head depicted on each end. There is no detail or applied decoration on either head. The figures are depicted differently around the body, where one figure appears swathed in garments forming a swirl around one of the two attachment holes (2.5mm diameter). The other figure appears to have arms visible and is recessed between where the attachment hole is located (2.1mm diameter). The rear of the mount is not decorated and is near-flat across its length but is convex across its width. The surface has a dark-green patina. It is now unclear what object the mount decorated but may be from a box, casket or similar and is likely to date from the medieval or later periods.

NMGW-4ABDDE: STRAP FITTING
Medieval copper alloy strap-slide, for holding down the free end of a strap. Probably of late 13th or 14th century date The strap-slide is a trapezoidal frame with external rivet (with a length of 16.2mm and a weight of 1.6g). The trapezoid (with a width at the apex of 16.1mm, at the base of 13.9mm and with internal dimensions of 13.5mm x 8.9mm) has an expanded top edge (with a width of 4.6mm), while the rest of the frame has a consistent rectangular section (2.8mm wide and 1.5mm thick). The attachment rivet is circular-sectioned (1.9mm diameter and 3.9mm long) and appears to be integral. There is no applied decoration on the strap loop and the surface has a dark-brown patina. The strap loop can be closely paralleled with examples excavated in London (Egan & Pritchard 1991, p. 230, no. 1231)and elsewhere, from a late 13th to late 14th century context.

NMGW-4B09F6: STRAP END
Medieval copper alloy strap-end of 13th to 15th century date The strap-end is of riveted, double sheet-metal type, without a spacer and is fragmentary, missing the attachment end and the break appears to have occurred relatively recently (with a surviving length of 21.4mm, a thickness of 1.7mm and a weight of 1.5g). At the break (with a width of 9.2mm), the sheet plate (with a thickness of 0.5mm) has distorted. The sides of the surviving part are straight and slightly convergent towards the terminal. The terminal is of trefoil form (with a length of 7.8mm). The two plates are secured above the terminal with a separate copper alloy rivet (of 2mm diameter). The surface is poorly preserved with remnant traces of a green patina which carries no surviving decoration. Elsewhere the corrosion is black and powdery, possibly suggesting that the strap-end may have been burnt.

NMGW-4B6DC8: MOUNT
Copper alloy decorative mount of uncertain date, possibly post medieval, c. 16th or 17th century The mount is of open-work zoomorphic form, cast in the round and is incomplete (with a surviving length of 33.6mm, a maximum thickness of 4.7mm and a weight of 7.4g). The mount depicts a long-necked bird, possibly standing in a nest at the base of the mount. The bird has its head within the nest and may be feeding its young and a downwards-turned tail (giving a maximum width of 22.0mm). Incised linear grooves defined the detail of the nest and bird's wings but corrosion and wear has removed much of the detail. One side has considerably more applied decoration than the other and it appears that the mount was only intended to be seen from one side. At the apex is a rod, probably truncated with ribbed decoration near its base. The surface has a dark-green patina, which has been lost on some surface areas. It is possible that the bird is a handle from an uncertain artefact, possibly a pipe-tamper or similar.

NMGW-4B87D0: MOUNT
Post medieval copper alloy hooked belt mount of 17th century date The belt mount is incomplete, missing the hooked end (with a surviving length of 41.9mm, a surviving depth of 7.8mm and a weight of 6.0g). The mount has a trefoil apex and was attached using two rivets, secured through two holes, countersank at the rear. The front was decorated with an intricate floral-vine motif but now corroded. The damaged hook appears is now bent towards the rear. The surface is corroded and has a green to black patina.

NMGW-5EFB1D: JETTON
Post medieval copper alloy jetton Wolf Laufer II, Nuremberg (c. 1612-32) Stock type; WOLF LAVFER IN NVRNBE / GOT.ALEIN.DIE.HER.VND 0.64g

NMGW-5F8602: JETTON
Post medieval copper alloy jetton The damaged remnants of a late 16th - early 17th century Nuremberg jetton

Roman copper alloy coin Radiate, possibly of Claudius II (AD 268-70) Uncertain reverse 2.15g, corroded

NMGW-5FBBED: COIN
A copper alloy Roman probable nummus of probably of the House of Constantine (AD 307-361), probably dating to c. AD 330-364. Uncertain reverse type. Unclear mint. 3.19g, corroded

NMGW-5FD3A1: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin House of Constantine nummus (c. AD 330-5) GLORIA EXERCITVS; two standards type Uncertain mint 1.72g, corroded

NMGW-5FFA6C: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Radiate, uncertain emperor (c. AD 260-74) Reverse: possible [VIRTVS] AVG 1.21g, corroded

NMGW-C3B277: DAGGER
Late medieval copper alloy dagger fitting or guard probably of 15th to early 16th century date The guard if of trefoil form (with a height of 17.5mm and a weight of 54.1g). The three lobes are sub-spherical (with a diameter of 6.5mm) with a concave lower face to accommodate the missing handle. Each lobe is enhanced with incised decoration, comprising a border and internal cross with a punched dot at the intersection and with four other punched dots between the arms. The central midsection is circular (17.7mm diameter and 12.2mm high) with a trapezoidal aperture (7.4mm wide and 9.3mm long) to accommodate the dagger tang. The sides, adjacent to the lobes are enhanced with oblique incised marks and a broken incised line midway between the lobes. The face abutting the blade has a punched dot border around the aperture. The side abutting the handle is concave (6mm deep) and is without decoration. The surface has a brown-green patina with areas of brown surface loss.

NMGW-C3CF9D: BRACELET
Roman copper alloy bracelet of Snake-head terminal form and of 2nd to 4th century date The bracelet is fragmentary, represented by one of the terminals and approximately one-third of the band (with a length of 46.7mm and a weight of 3.2g). The terminal suggesting the snake's head is devolved and comprises a flat end (3.2mm wide and 1.8mm thick), after which the sides are straight and divergent (giving a maximum width of 7.3mm, where the terminal has a thickness of 1.4mm). The terminal then gradually narrows to the band and is heavily-eroded and corroded around the break (with a minimum width of 3.1mm and 0.8mm thick). The bracelet is decorated with a double-row of punched dots forming segmented grooves, which begin very near the end of the terminal. The terminal appears to have had side grooves, enhancing the snout but any other applied detail is no longer discernible. The surface is worn and corroded with pale to dark-brown patina.

NMGW-C3FF6E: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Probably Trajan (AD 98-117) sestertius, Rome Uncertain reverse 17.79g, worn and corroded

NMGW-C6822F: ROD
Copper alloy fitting of uncertain date and function The fitting is of rod from and is complete (with a length of 65.1mm and a weight of 7.9g). The implement is of circular section (4.0mm diameter at the apex, widening to 4.8mm) before a rectangular-sectioned and tapering 'plug' at the terminal (15mm long and 4.4mm x 5.4mm, tapering to 2.9mm x 4.5mm) with a flat end. The other end has a small oval perforation (4mm from the end), presumably for securing or suspending it. No decoration is evident on the fitting. The surface has pale to mid-green patina.

NMGW-C6985A: KEY (LOCKING)
Medieval or post medieval copper alloy rotary key probably from 13th to 17th century date The key is complete (with a length of 35.6mm and a weight of 6.2g). The bow is of near-circular form (14mm external diameter, 9mm internal diameter and 1.8mm - 3.2mm thick) with some wear. There are projecting mouldings at the base of the bow. The shank is of oval section at the bow (4.0mm x 5.0mm) and circular at the bit (with a diameter of 5mm). The end of the shank is hollow, to accept a pin from the lock (3.0mm diameter). The bit has a cleft on each side, each adjacent to a channel. The surface has a dark-brown patina. Keys of this general form have been recovered from excavations in London dating from the 12th to 14th centuries (Egan, 1998, p 111)[1] and also from later, post medieval contexts (Margesson, 1993, pp 159-162)[2]. The size of the key and the decoration would seem to suggest it was used with a rotary lock from a box, casket or similar. [1] Egan G., 1998; Medieval Finds from Excavations in London: 6; The Medieval Household Daily Living c.1150-1450; Museum Of London [2] Margesson, S., 1993; Norwich Households: The Medieval and Post-Medieval Finds from Norwich Survey Excavations 1971-1978; East Anglian Archaeology Report No. 58, 1993

NMGW-C6F4C2: FINGER RING
Copper alloy finger-ring probably of Roman date The finger-ring is incomplete and distorted, missing the setting and is fragmented at the base of the hoop (with a distorted length of 17.8mm and with a weight of 2.6g). The hoop is of D-shaped section and gradually expands from the base of the hoop to the shoulders (with a minimum width and thickness of 5mm and 2.2mm respectively) and bezel. The bezel is of oval form (8.9mm wide and 2.3mm thick) and is distorted and torn. The bezel has a recessed oval cell (11.6mm x 8.8mm), which would have contained a glass paste, enamel or stone setting. The underside of the bezel is flat with rounded edges. The surface has a dark-green patina and areas of stripped red-brown surface. Damage to the finger-ring and few surviving diagnostic attributes makes a confident identification difficult but the general form is consistent with some Roman period rings and may possibly of Henig's (1978)[1] Type II/III suggesting a late 1st or 2nd century AD date [1] Henig, M., 1978 (2nd ed.); A Corpus of Roman Engraved Gemstones from British Series; BAR British Series 8

NMGW-C7724E: BRIDLE BIT
Copper alloy bridle fitting of uncertain date, probably Late Iron Age to Early Roman, possibly 1st or 2nd century AD The fitting is probably a bridle link from either a two or three-link bridle bit and is near complete but is heavily worn and corroded (with a surviving length of 56.0mm and a weight of 21.3g). The bridle fitting comprises two loops, both now open and only partially preserved but were at a perpendicular axis to each other and positioned each end of the bar. One loop has a smaller diameter (of 15.5mm) but has a comparatively wide sleeve (with a width of 25.5mm and a thickness of 2mm). The loop has a rib continuing on both sides from the bar, now worn and corroded. The bar (with a length of 20.2mm) is of rectangular to square section, which is wider at the sleeved loop end (8.4mm x 8.6mm) and narrows to the larger diameter loop (7.4mm6.8mm). Approximately half of the circular loop survives (with a diameter of 23.3mm), which is of oval section (5.4mm wide and 4.3mm thick). The corrosion makes it difficult to determine the extent of any wear on the loop. There appears to be a casting flaw on one side. No decoration is evident on this loop or on the bar. The surface is largely stripped and very heavily pitted, with areas of grey-black corrosion. The lack of diagnostic features makes any confident identification difficult. Similar links were used in Late Iron Age bridle bits and the comparatively small length may suggest the link is from a three, rather than a two piece bit. Additionally, the smaller aperture may be too small to allow a two-piece casting. The bridle link was recovered from close proximity to another similar example[1] and it is possible that both links were from the same bridle. Also found in the vicinity was an undecorated sub-circular copper alloy ring (30.0mm - 31.2mm external diameter and 20.6mm -2.13mm internal diameter). Both faces are bevelled towards the interior and there is no evidence of extensive wear on the ring. While it is possible that the ring was associated with the bridle the surface is not especially corroded or pitted and has a very different surface condition to both bridle pieces. [1] NMWPA 2013.6.1

NMGW-C792E2: HARNESS MOUNT
Medieval enamelled copper alloy shield-shaped heraldic mount, probably of 13th or 14th century date The mount is near-complete but heavily corroded (with an overall depth of 10.7mm and a weight of 2.9g). The integral attachment rivet or pin is of oval section, becoming flattened at its terminal is bent over (with a distorted length 7.6mm and a maximum diameter of 4.3mm, creating a separation of 7.0mm). The shield mount is comparatively small (15.7mm long, 12.3mm wide and 2.6mm thick). The heraldic device is heavily corroded and very little of the device survives. There is the suggestion of a single rampant lion, seemingly in red enamel and traces of gilding survives near the top of the shield (gules a lion rampant, or). Most of the original surface has been lost with a current brown and pale-green corrosion. Heraldic shield-shaped mounts would have been attached to leather harness straps or reins (Ashley, 2002, p 9)[1]. [1] Ashley, S.; 2002; Medieval Armorial Horse Furniture; East Anglian Archaeology, Report No. 101; Norfolk Museum and Archaeology Service

NMGW-C7BB5B: BROOCH
The brooch is incomplete, missing the spring and catch-plate (with a length of 58.0mm, a surviving depth of 23.5mm and a weight of 17.2g). The missing spring was secured around a central, pierced lug with the chord beneath and the rear of the head is concave. The trumpet-head is oval (15.2mm high and 16.5mm wide) and there is some damage to its apex, which is undecorated and possibly originally incorporated an integral chain-loop. The upper-bow is of D-shaped section and has cast decoration comprising a trumpet-scroll on each side. At the centre is a double rib, flanked by ribs emanating from the trumpet-scrolls. It is possible that the mouldings on the upper-bow are representative of a stylised animal head, possibly a horse or similar. The mid-bow has a button of disc form (12.0mm wide and 10.4mm deep), enhanced with a notched central rib. Notched ribs also divide the button from the upper-bow and leg. All three ribs continue on the rear of the bow. The leg is near-straight and is of triangular section, with straight convergent sides. The leg appears to have had a linear central rib, enhanced with a central groove and each side is decorated with an undulating rib, defining sub-triangular cells against a rib on the rear side. The base of the leg is defined by a further knurled rib, which again continues on the rear. The catch-plate is largely lost and survives as a flange at the centre of the rear of the leg. The foot is of knobbed form (9.5mm diameter) and the underside has a central pellet. The surface has a mid to dark-green patina.

NMGW-C7FB46: HARNESS MOUNT
Medieval copper alloy hinged suspension mount, probably from a harness pendant of 13th or 14th century date The suspension mount is complete but the harness pendant is missing (with an overall length of 25.9mm and a weight of 4.3g). The mount was attached using a single integral rivet at the rear. The rivet is circular-sectioned (3.4mm diameter and 6.8mm long) and the end has been peened-over. The rear of the mount is dished and the front is convex (with a depth of 4.4mm and a thickness of 0.9mm). The mount is of lozenge form (5.9mm wide and 7.5mm high) and there is no evidence of applied decoration on the surface. The hinge comprises two lugs (8.2mm long, 10.6mm wide and 4.9mm deep) folded to the rear, which would have flanked a single lug on the pendant. Remains of an iron axis bar evident within the hinge. The surface has a black patina and has some remnant surviving patches of gilding and elsewhere has areas of pale-green corrosion. Harness pendant suspension mounts are more commonly of cross, bar or horizontal form but rounded, globular forms are also represented. It has proved more difficult to parallel the lozenge form.

NMGW-C83B22: HARNESS PENDANT
Medieval enamelled copper alloy harness pendant with the suspension mount of 13th or 14th century date The harness pendant is complete with its hinged suspension mount (with an overall length of 54.9mm and a weight of 17.9g). The suspension mount is of T-shaped form (with a length of 20.9mm, a width of 20.9mm and a thickness of 5.0mm). The mount was attached using two integral, circular sectioned rivets (4-5mm diameter, 3.5mm high and giving the mount a depth of 7.5mm). Both arms of the mount are bevelled towards the centre, giving a sub-triangular section (8.7mm wide and 4.3mm thick). The mount was hinged using an iron pin, which remains in place. The mount has two lugs, flanking the single lug of the pendant. The pendant (with a length of 43mm) is shield-shaped (29.8mm long and 4.9mm wide) and is decorated with an enamelled device, now corroded. The device depicts a beast, probably a lion in white enamel sitting or standing and in side profile with head on the left of the shield and looking outwards. There is a tree or bush in green enamel with three branches behind the beast and there is the suggestion that the bush continues as an undulating line to the base of the shield. The surface is heavily corroded and pitted but traces of gilding survive on the mount and may also have been present on the pendant.

NMGW-C85725: BROOCH
Medieval copper alloy annular brooch frame of 13th to 14th century date The brooch is incomplete, missing the pin but the annular frame is complete (with an external diameter of 24.6mm, an internal diameter of 17.0mm and a weight of 5.0g). The frame is sub-circular to oval sectioned (3.5mm wide and 3.3mm - 3.8mm thick) and is enhanced with ribbed decoration. The decoration appears to be confined to two areas either side of a restriction for the missing pin and is present on both faces (for a length of c. 15mm). The remainder of the frame does not appear to have been decorated. The frame at the pin restriction is narrowed (with a length of 5.1mm, a width of 2.5mm wide and a thickness of 2.0mm). The surface is worn and corroded with a mid-green patina and areas of brown corrosion. A similar brooch but with a frame of D-shaped section was recovered from excavations in London (Egan & Pritchard, 1991, p. 250, no. 1315)[1] from a late-13th to mid-14th century context. [1] Egan G. & Pritchard F. 1991; Medieval Finds from Excavations in London: 3; Dress Accessories; Museum Of London

NMGW-CA1437: FINGER RING
Roman copper alloy finger-ring of 1st to 3rd century AD date The finger-ring is fragmentary, represented by a shoulder and part of the bezel only (with a surviving length of 15.0mm, a surviving depth of 12.8mm and a weight of 1.7g). The shoulder is comparatively thin (at 0.5mm) with straight sides, gradually diverging to the bezel (with a minimum width of 6.7mm and a maximum width of 13.0mm). The shoulders are decorated with vertical incised lines abutting double incised transverse lines. Above the transverse lines and around the bezel are a number of punched marks. The bezel is oval and recessed to accommodate a missing setting (2.8mm thick, 9.2mm wide and 1.9mm deep). The surface has a grey-green patina and is heavily-worn. The fragmentary nature of the finger-ring makes typological identification difficult, the ring may have been of simple a form, similar to Henig's (1978) [1] type III but the shoulders may suggest a slightly keeled form implying a finger-ring similar to Henig's (ibid.) Type X but significantly more slight. [1] Henig, M., 1978 (2nd ed.); A Corpus of Roman Engraved Gemstones from British Series; BAR British Series 8

NMGW-DD0F93: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy brooch of 'initial' T-shaped type and of 1st or 2nd century AD date The brooch is incomplete, missing the foot, catch and part of the pin (with a surviving length of 37.5mm, a surviving depth of 9.6mm and a weight of 10.5g). The pin (with a surviving length of 13.7mm) is hinged within comparatively long tubular wings (with a width of 42.3mm and a diameter of 5mm) around a copper alloy axis bar. The wings are decorated with vertical groove and ribs, enhanced with S-punched marks. The upper bow has straight sides converging towards the break on the leg (with a width at the head of 12.9mm and at the break of 4.5mm). The front of the bow is decorated with two deep grooves and flanked by ribs, each of which is enhanced with a rib in sunken relief. The side ribs appear to have been knurled while the central rib is plain. There is a transverse rib and groove at the base of the bow, suggesting the bow has broken through a button. The rear of the bow is concave across its width (with a thickness of 2.2mm and a depth of 3.5mm). The surface is corroded with a pale-green corrosion and traces of a tinned or silvered surface survive mostly on the wings. The brooch generally corresponds with Hull's Type 104 of T-shaped type but is without the side mouldings on the upper bow. Hull's Type 104 brooches have a distribution concentrated around the Lower Severn.

NMGW-DC2DCF: COIN WEIGHT
Post medieval copper alloy coin weight Half guinea of William III (1694-1701), the maker is possibly John Wade Withers 1237 3.74g

NMGW-DCE1D5: PLATE BROOCH
Roman copper alloy enamelled plate brooch of 2nd century AD date The brooch is of circular, disc form and with a comparatively small diameter (at 20.1mm and with a weight of 3.4g) and is near-complete, missing the pin. The spring remains in place secured around a single, pierced lug and using an iron axis bar (giving the brooch a depth of 6.2mm). The pin has broken at the top of the shaft. The catch-plate survives but is truncated and has lost the catch (with a length of 6.4mm, a thickness of 0.8mm and a surviving height of 3.4mm). Otherwise, the rear is flat and undecorated. The face is circular and flat (with a thickness of 1.7mm) and is without peripheral lugs. There is a raised border, enclosing a recessed ring, which would have held enamel with only remnant traces of red now surviving. Within the ring are five raised circular pellets. There is a raised concentric ring near the centre, enclosing a recessed circle (of 5.1mm diameter) which also would have held enamel but no trace of which now survives. The surface has a pale green patina. The brooch can be closely paralleled with two examples recorded by Hattatt (1987, p 168, nos. 1029-30)[1] from Lincolnshire and Salisbury, Wiltshire. The Lincolnshire brooch was decorated with red enamel around the pellets and black enamel in the centre and had a tinned surface. Hattatt (ibid.) states that the form is a native British type. [1] Hattatt, R.; 1987; Brooches of Antiquity

NMGW-DCFCD1: MOUNT
Post medieval copper alloy hooked mount of 17th century date The mount is near-complete, missing the end of the hook (with a length of 46.5mm and a weight of 4.6g). The mount is widest at its undulating top edge (with a width of 18.9mm). The mount plate has a central, vertical raised ridge (giving a depth of 3mm), enhanced with a groove. Either end of the central ridge were the two iron attachment rivets. The sides are slightly convergent towards the lower part of the mount, where the sides are concave. The lower part of the mount curves inwards slightly. The hook is outward turning and has lost its tip (with a surviving depth of 4.3mm). The surface is corroded with traces of a pale green patina and elsewhere is dark-brown.

NMGW-DD6485: KEY (LOCKING)
Roman copper alloy key of 1st or early 2nd century AD date The key is a tumbler-lock slide key and is incomplete, missing the loop or bow (with a surviving length of 29.9mm and a weight of 6.5g). The base of the loop is present at the top of the handle or grip (with a surviving width of 11.4mm, a thickness of 3.3mm and an internal diameter of c. 10mm). The sides are stepped on the rectangular-sectioned grip, beneath the loop and then converge towards the stem (with a width below the loop of 12.1mm to 9.4mm and with a thickness of 4.1mm). The stem is short and oval-sectioned (with a length of 7.5mm, a width of 4.5mm - 5.1mm and a thickness of 3.3mm). The bit is perpendicular to the handle (with a length of 19.3mm, a width of 8.6mm and a depth of 5.5mm) and comprises six teeth arrange din two rows of three, some of which are now truncated. The surface is corroded and worn with a dark-green patina and no applied decoration is now discernible on the key. Keys of this type and form in copper alloy generally date from the first to mid-second century AD.

NMGW-DEA35D: KNIFE
Post medieval copper alloy knife fitting, probably of late 16th or 17th century date The cast fitting is a knife-end stop and is complete, containing a fragment of the remnant tang (with an overall length of 18.0mm and a weight of 8.4g). The terminal is zoomorphic, depicting an animal head, probably a stylised dog (with a length of 13.8mm, a maximum width of 14.6mm and a thickness of 9.8mm). The top of the head is angled and enhanced with prominent grooved decoration; the eyes are corroded but were depicted as circular depressions and are positioned on concave facets. The snout is ridged and the mouth is open and possibly depicts the tongue. Diagonal grooves are evident on each side at the neck. The end of the tang remains in a groove at the base. The surface is corroded and has a pale-green patina. The zoomorphic style of the terminal can be parallel with an example recorded by PAS from East Brent, Somerset[1]. [1] NMWPA 2010.254

NMGW-F2ACFB: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Irregular radiate (probably c. 270-9) copying Gallic emperor Victorinus or Tetricus I 2.62g, corroded

NMGW-F35F3F: BOW BROOCH
Iron Age copper alloy bow brooch of Colchester-One-Piece type and of 1st century AD date The brooch is incomplete, missing the catch-plate and half of the spring, with pin (with a length of 58.4mm, a depth of 18.1mm and a weight of 6.4g). Half of the spring remains in place but has broken at the end of the chord (with a width of 18.3mm, with a diameter of 1.6mm and a coil diameter 6.0mm) and would have coiled four times each side of the head. The integral, rearward facing chord would have tensioned the chord (giving the head a height of 8.2mm). The corroded, sub-rectangular wings are present, partially obscuring the spring (with a width of 14.5mm). The bow is of D-shaped section with straight sides gradually converging to the pointed foot (with a maximum width and thickness of 4.9mm and 2.6mm respectively). There is now no discernible decoration surviving on the bow. The catch-plate survives as a thin rib on the rear of the leg (with a surviving length of 8mm, a thickness of 0.6mm and a surviving height of 2mm). The original surface has been lost and now has a dark brown surface corrosion.

NMGW-F3DB7F: MOUNT
Roman copper alloy anthropomorphic mount The mount is of sub-hemispherical form and appears to be complete (with a maximum diameter across its length of 34.6mm, a depth of 10.8mm, a thickness of 1 - 2mm and a weight of 17.8g). The mount depicts the face of a deity in cast relief. The hair has a prominent centre-parting and is further divided into six-lobes around the edge of the mount and the detail is enhanced with grooves. Much of the facial detail is worn, particularly the eyes, which appear to have been almond-shaped and moulded before being further defined with applied decoration. The nose is defined by flanking grooves and the mouth as a simple incised line. At the base, to one side are a series of diagonal lines of uncertain reason. The rear of the mount is dished and hollow with traces of a white-metal deposit on one side, probably the remains of an attachment solder. The surface has a mid-green patina with a pale-green corrosion. The mount is likely to have decorated furniture or a vessel and may depict a cherub or similar.

NMGW-F408B2: MOUNT
Early medieval copper alloy mount of Anglo-Saxon style, possibly a shield boss mount and probably dating to the 5th to 7th centuries AD The mount is circular and is complete, but much of the iron backing is lost (with a diameter of 30.5mm, a maximum depth of 9.0mm and a weight of 15.4g). The mount appears to have had a composite backing, possibly comprising a copper alloy ring riveted in three places to the rear of the mount with iron rivets. Attached at the rear are fragments of iron plate, possibly the remnants of a shield boss. At the centre of the rear, is a circular indentation (7mm diameter), possibly the damaged remains of the integral central rod. The front has a flat-topped border (3.5mm wide and 3.4mm thick), inside of which is a smaller ribbed border. The 'chip-carved' Style I central device is near-symmetrical and comprises a stylised beast, probably a bird with a sub-triangular head, depicted with its beak pointing to the left. On both sides are tendrils, terminating in three ribs, possibly representing legs and talons. The tendrils are joined by a basal curve below double transverse ribs, representing the body. Traces of gilding survives on the face of the mount and elsewhere the copper alloy has a pale-green corrosion. The rear has adhering iron corrosion. It is now unclear what form of artefact the mount decorated. The attached iron sheet and suggested central rod may indicate a shield boss mount but it is also possible that the iron plate was backing to a leather or other organic and the mount may have adorned a horse harness or similar.

NMGW-F4152B: COIN
A copper alloy Roman nummus (maiorina) of Magnentius (AD 350-353), dating to the period AD 350-353 (Reece Period 18). VICTORIAE DD NN AVG ET CAE(S) reverse type, depicting two Victories, winged, draped, facing each other, holding between them a wreath inscribed VOT/V/MVLT/X. Unclear mint. 2.82g, corroded

NMGW-03AD81: MOUNT
Post medieval copper alloy hooked mount of 16th - 17th century date The mount is near-complete (with an overall length of 38.6mm and a weight of 7.3g) but appears to have been of composite type with a ferrous back-plate now largely lost. The rearward-facing sub-circular hook (9mm diameter, 5.0mm internal) is open at the rear with only a very small opening. There is a transverse rib above the hook and before the convex oval body (giving the mount a maximum width of 12.1mm and thickness of 6.0mm). At the apex is a pointed oval terminal separated from the body with a weaker transverse rib. An iron attachment pin is secured through the terminal, which may have been integral to the plate. The mount appears to also have been secured by an integral copper alloy attachment rivet above the hook. The surface has a pale-green corrosion and no applied decoration is evident.

NMGW-0507CC: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Tetricus I In Gaul (AD 271-4) radiate [LAETITIA] AVG G Cunetio 2645 1.38g, corroded

Roman copper alloy coin Fausta (died AD 326, wife of Constantine I) nummus, Trier SALVS REIPVBLICAE; Empress and two children //STR U; RIC VII Tr. 483 (c. AD 326) 2.15g, corroded

NMGW-08DB34: BROOCH
The brooch is fragmentary and is heavily-corroded, missing the leg and pin (with a surviving length of 30.2mm, a surviving depth of 12.0mm and a weight of 4.6g). The missing spring was secured around a central and single pierced lug, now heavily-truncated and surviving as a rib. The trumpet-head is oval (11.0mm high and 7.5mm wide) and the corrosion has removed all decoration. The upper bow narrows (to 2.3mm) before swelling (to 5.5mm) at the button which has also lost all detail to corrosion. Below the button, the leg thins to a point through corrosion and there is the suggestion of a rib on the rear, possibly the remnants of the catch-plate. The surface has a pale-green to brown corrosion.

NMGW-708BF0: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Hadrian (AD117-138) dupondius, Rome HILARITAS P.R // COS III SC RIC 974 10.32g

NMGW-709FE5: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Urbs Roma nummus, Trier Reverse: Wolf and twins //TRP. (c. AD 330-5) RIC Tr. 529 2.59g

NMGW-70B8F2: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Theodora, nummus, Trier Commemorative (c. 337-40) PIETAS ROMANA //.TR[ ] RIC VIII Trier 48/65 1.22g

NMGW-70CB5F: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Constantius II Augustus (AD 337-61) GLORIA EXERCITVS; one standard type //TRS branch (c. 337-40) RIC VIII Trier 82 1.70g

NMGW-72057D: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Probably a nummus and possibly of GENIO POP ROM type (c. AD 307-11) Emperor: Maximian or Galerius; uncertain mint 5.00g, corroded

NMGW-724AEC: BOOK FITTING
Late medieval or early post-medieval copper alloy book-clasp, of Howsam type A.3, probably of 15th to 17th century date. The clasp is near-complete, with some peripheral loss (with a length of 67.9mm, a depth of 5.3mm and a weight of 15.8g). The clasp is made from two-pieces of sheet copper alloy, attached using three rivets. One larger rivet at the centre, towards the clasp and two smaller rivets at the attachment end. Between the two sheets traces of the leather book cover survive. The front plate (0.9mm thick) is decorative and has an expanded end (with a width of 23.1mm), enhanced with an undulating edge. The sides of the clasp are straight and converge slightly before expanding near the clasp (to 16.7mm wide). The front is decorated with a column of three circular holes (3.2mm diameter) near the attachment end and before a central, single hole, enhanced within pressed concentric circles. Incised linear grooves, defining fine ribs decorated the mount but are now heavily corroded. There is the suggestion of hatched incised decoration near the attachment end. The back plate is rectangular and expanded at the attachment end (56.4mm long, 14.5mm wide, widening to 20.0mm and 0.6mm thick). A fragment of the leather book cover is preserved between the plates (with a length of 28.4mm), secured with the two rivets (2.6mm diameter). The clasp has poor surface preservation with remnants of green patina but elsewhere is stripped red-brown.

NMGW-726CCD: SPOON
Post medieval copper alloy and silver spoon terminal of 18th century date The spoon was of 'apostle' form and is fragmentary (with a surviving length of 34.8mm and a weight of 5.8g) and comprises a copper alloy terminal surmounted on a silver handle. The terminal is heavily-corroded and appears to depict a standing figure (25.5mm long,9.0mm wide and 5.4mm thick) seemingly cloaked and with the right arm bent to the chest and may possibly have depicted the Virgin with Child. The figure is standing on a circular pedestal at the base (7.9mm diameter). The silver spoon handle is circular-sectioned and expands to a moulding below the terminal (6.2mm diameter), below which the sub-circular sectioned handle is broken (with a diameter of 3.2mm x 2.5mm). The copper alloy has a pale-brown patina and elsewhere has a pale-green corrosion.

NMGW-833CFF: PLATE BROOCH
Roman copper alloy oval plate brooch of 2nd or 3rd century AD date The brooch is of oval form (31.0mm long, 23.3mm wide and with a weight of 8.9g) and is heavily-corroded and incomplete, missing the central setting and pin. The missing pin was sprung and was secured around a single pierced lug, now broken (9.0mm long, 2.0mm thick, with a surviving height of 4.5mm and giving the brooch a surviving depth of 7.7mm). Iron corrosion around the lug suggests an iron pin was employed. The catch-plate is positioned at the base of the rear and is also truncated. The brooch face had a raised border and a decorative rib before the central setting, although corrosion has now masked the decorative detail. There is the suggestion of repeated punched marks flanking the rib. At the centre of the brooch would have been an oval glass setting (18.3mm long and 13.5mm wide), now lost. Traces of gilding survives over areas of the faces. Elsewhere the surface has a pale-green corrosion and red-brown stripped metal.

NMGW-97DFAA: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Irregular copper as or dupondius imitating an issue Augustus or Tiberius, Lyon mint (c. AD 9-14) 5.21g

NMGW-9A3918: COIN WEIGHT
Post medieval copper alloy coin weight English, late 15th to early 16th century, probably for a gold ryal Current weight 6.66g = 70.3 grains, corroded

NMGW-9A69DA: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Probably Claudius II (AD 268-70) radiate, Milan mint Uncertain reverse 2.12g, corroded

NMGW-9AA426: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Uncertain but probably a late Galic radiate (c. 270-274) Corroded

NMGW-9AB7CB: TOKEN
Post medieval copper alloy token Farthing token: obv.: IOHN.WEBB.IN; Lion passant Rev.: WANTAGE.1667; W/IE BW Berkshire 160 0.56g

NMGW-02EB63: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Divus Claudius II (c. AD 270) radiate, Rome, commemorative Rev.: CONSECRATO; eagle facing left

Roman copper alloy coin Urbs Roma nummus (c. AD 330-5) Wolf and twins Uncertain mint 0.90g, incomplete

NMGW-040EE3: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Probably an irregular nummus of late 3rd or 4th century 0.6g

Roman copper alloy coin Probably an irregular nummus of late 3rd or 4th century 0.7g

NMGW-BE098A: COIN WEIGHT
Post Medieval copper alloy coin weight 18th century English brass coin weight for a Portuguese two-escudos or 'half-Joe', current at eighteen shillings 4.88g, comparatively light because of corrosion

NMGW-BEE29F: COIN
A copper alloy Roman nummus, possibly of the House of Theodosius (AD 378-402) dating to the period AD 388-402. Possibly VICTORIA AVGG reverse type, depicting Victory advancing left, holding wreath and palm. Unclear mint. 0.81g, corroded

NMGW-D18585: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin As or dupondius of mid-2nd century AD date, empress uncertain 5.30g, corroded

NMGW-D22690: TOKEN
Post medieval copper alloy token Limerick, Thomas Linch halfpenny token, 1679 Obverse: THO: LINCH OF LIMRICK; winged bull Reverse: 1679 HIS HALFPENNY TOKEN; harp BW Ireland 574 2.71g

NMGW-D3E171: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Volusian (AD 251-3) base silver radiate, Rome [P M TR P III]I COS[II]; emperor standing by alter RIC 141 Cunetio 378 1.55g, corroded fragment

NMGW-D3F637: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Constantine I (AD 307-37) nummus, London SOLI INVICTO COMITI SF // PLN RIC VII Lon. 10 (c. 313-14) 2.56g

NMGW-E69B34: TOKEN
Post medieval copper alloy token Halfpenny token Mathew Davies Mercer, Swansea 1666 Boon 106a 1.89g

NMGW-E6B9A1: TOKEN
Post medieval copper alloy token Farthing token John Hughes, Jr Mercer, Carmarthen; n.d. Boon 2ba 0.89g

NMGW-E79F03: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Trajan (AD 98-117) dupondius, Rome SPQR OPTIMIO PRINCIPI; Dacian seated with trophy of arms to the left RIC 563 (Cos V = 103-11) 5.25g, corroded

NMGW-E7CEA5: COIN
Post medieval copper alloy token Copper farthing token, Kinsale (probably c. 1652-3) cf. Spink 6563 small module Cf G. Brady and C. Gallacher: 'Munster "Siege Pieces" or early tokens?; Numismatic Circular, March 1986, 75-77 1.03g, corroded

NMGW-E7E092: COIN
Post medieval copper alloy token Copper farthing token, Youghal (c. 1646-57) Y [ ] / ship cf. Spink 6564 small module 0.57g, corroded

NMGW-E8FBD3: COIN WEIGHT
Post Medieval copper alloy coin weight Probably for an English Guinea (129.5 grains = 8.93g) Early 18th century with portrait of William III Cf. Withers 1180ff 7.22g, corroded

NMGW-E94927: JETTON
Post medieval copper alloy jetton Hans Krauwinckel, Nuremburg (c. 1580-1635); stock type GOTES.SEGEN.MACHT.REICH; God's blessing brings riches

NMGW-65EEBF: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy brooch of Headstud type and of 1st or 2nd century AD date The brooch is fragmentary, represented by the head and top of the bow only (with a surviving length of 22.7mm, a surviving depth of 9.7mm and a weight of 8.1g). The missing pin is hinged within damaged semi-tubular wings behind the head (with a surviving width of 23.1mm). Above the head is the remnant of an integral plate, which would have been surmounted with a chain-loop. The wings are slightly angled to the bow and are decorated with vertical ribs, with the wider, end rib being knurled. The bow projects forward at the head and turned immediately above the break and there are suggestions of curved mouldings near the head. The surviving part of the bow is rectangular-sectioned and has straight and near-parallel sides to the break (with a width of 7.4mm and a thickness of 6mm). The top of the bow is decorated with a lug running along the top of the bow, now heavily truncated (with a length of 5.9mm and a width of 3.1mm). Above the turn on the bow is an integral circular headstud (6.5mm diameter and mm high), comprising a ring in sunken relief. At the centre of the ring is a circular recessed cell, which was likely to have held enamel. The surface has a dark-green patina with areas of pale-green corrosion.

NMGW-661AB7: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Heavily corroded but appears to be Vespasian (AD 69-79) dupondius Lyon issue with Victory facing left holding shield 5.94g

NMGW-66F662: STIRRUP
Early medieval, Late Anglo-Saxon copper alloy stirrup terminal mount of middle to late 11th century date The mount is one of a pair which would have decorated the terminals of an iron stirrup. The mount is complete (with a length of 46.4mm and a weight of 19.2g) and the rear of the mount is open-backed and would accommodate a circular sectioned stirrup (with a socket length of 40.3mm and of 7.3mm diameter). The interior of the terminal is angled to produce a slight under-cut ledge. There is no evidence for the iron remnants of the stirrup within the socket. The mount depicts an elaborate beast's head in cast relief. The underside of the snout has two side grooves. The flaring nostrils are raised and of spiral form (giving the mount a maximum width of 13.1mm) and two lobe-ended tendrils decorate the side of the snout. The tendrils were enhanced with a central groove, now worn. The beast has a prominent globular brow with U-shaped ears above. The eyes are now not discernible. At the apex of the mount is a collar moulding (12.5mm wide, 8.8mm long and 2.6mm thick), now rounded but originally faceted into lozenge and triangular panels. The surface is worn and corroded with a dark-brown surface corrosion. The mount can be closely paralleled with an example illustrated by Williams (1997, fig 2a, p 2) ; Williams states that the artefact type has a distribution largely confined to the east of England and suggests a date centred on the second half of the 11th century. ~~ Williams, D.; 1997; Stirrup Terminals; The finds Research Group AD700-1700, Datasheet 24

NMGW-676C15: MOUNT
Copper alloy mount of uncertain date, possibly Roman The mount is incomplete, broken as it narrows to a shaft (with a surviving length of 11.0mm and a weight of 16.0g). The top face is circular (with a diameter of 22.3mm) and has a slight raised border (0.5mm high). At the centre of the face is an irregular ring (5.8mm diameter) with a crude, off-centre cell. No evidence of enamel is evident within either recessed area. A diagonal chord cuts the face, possibly a casting seam. The underside narrows to the break (where it has a diameter of 9.5mm) and is enhanced with a single incised groove. The surface has a dark-green patina. The fragmentary state of the mount and lack of diagnostic features makes confident identification difficult, it is possible that the mount is part of a furniture mount of Roman date.

NMGW-6781C5: BUCKLE
Medieval copper alloy buckle of 13th to 15th century date The buckle comprises the oval frame only (with a length of 25.5mm, a width of 30.7mm and a weight of 5.7g). The buckle is of simple form with a consistent rectangular section (2.8mm thick). The outside edge is expanded (to 7.0mm wide) and has a notch for the pin. There is no applied decoration on the frame. The surface has a dark-green patina.

NMGW-67E61A: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Gallienus, sole reign (AD 260-8) radiate, Milan LAETITIA AVG; --// uncertain Cf, Cunetio 1611/13 2.63g, corroded

NMGW-683827: COIN WEIGHT
Post medieval copper alloy coin weight of late 15th or early 16th century date Weight for a gold ryal, English, after 1465 6.53g (101 grains)

Roman copper alloy coin House of Constantine I nummus GLORIA EXERCITVS; one-standard type (c. AD 335-40) Uncertain whether regular or irregular 1.35g, corroded

Roman copper alloy coin House of Constantine I nummus VICTORIAE DD AVGG QNN; two victories Uncertain mint, perhaps irregular (340 - 349) 0.95g, corroded

NMGW-6980BB: COIN
A copper alloy Roman nummus (half-maiorina) of the House of Constantine (AD 307-361), dating to the period AD 348-350 (Reece Period 19). FEL TEMP REPARATIO reverse type, depicting a phoenix on a globe. Unclear mint but probably Trier. 1.60g, corroded

NMGW-69B4FE: SPUR
Post medieval copper alloy prick spur of 17th century date The spur is fragmentary, represented by ends of the sides, neck and goad (with a surviving length of 76.9mm and a weight of 41.7g). Both sides have broken at the same point (with a surviving width of 42.5mm), where they appear to have narrowed, beyond decorative side knops (giving a width and thickness of 12.8mm and 3.5mm respectively). The surviving part of the sides is of sub-triangular section, gradually widening towards the crest (where it has a width of 16.0mm). The neck springs from the base and curves upwards before a near-perpendicular turn. The neck is of lozenge section (9.0mm wide and 6.9mm thick). The neck narrows slightly to the goad, with decorative mouldings, placed at the midpoints and junction. The goad has a circular-sectioned collar before four D-shaped protruding lugs (giving a width of 22.7mm); beyond the lugs is a short (6.4mm), square-sectioned point or prick. The surface is corroded with a green-black patina. The spur can be closely paralleled with two unprovenanced examples published by (Ellis. 2002, nos. 27-28) , both with circular lugs; one (ibid, 27) with a similar neck form but with perforated lugs. Ellis states that the form were known as 'Scotch spurs' and can be further paralleled on a portrait of William Style of Langley Beckenham, Kent dated 1636. ~~ Ellis, B.M.A., 2002; Prick Spurs 700 - 1700; The Finds Research Group AD700 - 1700; Datasheet 300

NMGW-6A40A4: TOKEN
Post medieval copper alloy token Farthing token in the name of Charles I (1625-49) 'Rose' type 3, sceptres below crown (c. 1636-43) 0.37g, corroded

NMGW-7A01AD: JETTON
Medieval copper alloy jetton; found associated with another jetton (2013.186.2) French, of 14th or 15th century date Crown; AVE.MARIA.GRACIA

NMGW-7A18D8: JETTON
Medieval copper alloy jetton; found associated with another jetton (2013.186.1) French or Tournai, of 15th century date AVE MARIA GRACIA (with crude lettering)

NMGW-7ACCED: COIN
Post medieval copper alloy coin Ireland, James II (1685-91) copper halfpenny (1686) 6.06g, worn

NMGW-7AE596: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin DIVO CLAVIDO Radiate, commemorative of Claudius II (AD 268-70), perhaps irregular Rev.: CONSECRATIO; eagle facing left RIC 266; Cunetio 2314 2.11g

NMGW-7B06B2: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Irregular radiate (c. AD 275-85), probably copies Tetricus I Rev.: Spes 0.90g, 14mm

NMGW-7B8868: WEIGHT
Post medieval copper alloy trade weight Half-ounce weight, probably with a crowned G (George I-II) English, 18th century Now 11.39g

NMGW-7C69C4: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Irregular radiate, copying Tetricus I (In Gaul Ad 271-4) with reverse showing Sol with whip (as posthumous / Victorinus) 18mm, c. AD 275-80 1.85

Roman copper alloy coin Tetricus II In Gaul (c. AD 273-4) radiate Rev.: (SPES AVGG) 1.84g, corroded

A copper alloy Roman nummus of the House of Valentinian (AD 364-378), dating to the period AD 364-378 (Reece Period 19). GLORIA ROMANORVM reverse type, depicting the Emperor advancing right, holding a standard and dragging a captive. Unclear mint. 1.68g, corroded

NMGW-7CACAC: COIN
A copper alloy Roman nummus of the House of Valentinian (AD 364-378), dating to the period AD 364-378. SECVRITAS REI PVBLICAE reverse type, depicting Victory advancing left, holding wreath and palm. 1.68g, corroded

NMGW-7D6D9A: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Constans, Augustus (AD 337-50) nummus VICTORIAE DD AVGG Q NN; two victories (340-9); uncertain mint - mark missing 1.17g

NMGW-7DDEA9: COIN WEIGHT
Post medieval copper alloy coin weight For an angel, probably English late 15th or 16th century 2.91g, corroded

NMGW-E6F3B0: SWORD
Late Iron Age cast copper alloy decorative composite sword fitting, probably a scabbard chape or possibly a pommel and of 1st century AD date The mount is of symmetrical anthropomorphic form and is near-complete, containing the fragmentary remains of the end of the iron sword (with a length 39.8mm, a maximum thickness along the finials of 11.1mm and a weight of 38.5g). It seems probable that the mount is a scabbard chape (see discussion below) decorated with two opposing human heads of similar style but when attached to a scabbard would be seen with the heads inverted but is here described and illustrated with the heads at the top. The mount has a bifurcating terminal (26.7mm wide and 11.0mm thick) comprising the top of two opposing human heads. The convex terminal end is enhanced with two opposing V-shaped ribbed mouldings forming a lozenge, defined on the exterior by a prominent groove and a weaker groove on the interior. There is a sinuous curved step to the faces, possibly representing the hair line. The faces are somewhat naturalistic but have long, raised oval eyes, defined by adjacent grooves and with raised brow ridges. The nose begins slender but expands to a raised tricorne, flanked by faceted cheeks. A linear, pointed oval groove depicts the mouth. The stepped ridge of the hair, extends below the chin and projects forward on both sides and would be termed the finial in Stead's (2006, p 11-3) terminology of chapes. The moulding then sweeps back to the central axis and defines opposing recessed trumpet cells. A triangle defined by groves decorates the mid-axis, between the two projecting knops, with the triangle on one side being more slender than the other. The frame has straight sides diverging to the ends, which are both slightly truncated (giving the mount a maximum width of 27.8mm and an internal width of 23.7mm) and if the ends of the frame had clamps, they do not now survive. The outside edge of the frame is decorated with ribs, defined by flanking grooves. The interior of the frame is curved to the central axis. Within the frame is the corroded remains of the iron sword, probably the tip, which appears to be of pointed oval section (21mm wide and 5.5mm thick at the break). Around the iron are the mineralised remains of wood, presumably the remains of the scabbard. Analysis to ascertain the composition of the metal was examined using X-ray fluorescence, the results are not semi-quantitative but indicate that the alloy is a tin bronze containing some lead, consistent with pre-Roman bronzes. The surface has a black patina or possible applied coating, which has better preservation in recessed and protected areas. It is unclear the original extent of the patina but it is now clearly discernible within the trumpet panels flanking the central axis and on the frame, however remnants are also evident within the groove defining the V-shaped moulding on the terminal and also along the groove defining the mouth of one of the heads. Elsewhere the surface has a brown-green patina and pale-green corrosion with some pitting. The sword fitting is not easy to closely parallel in archaeological finds. The comparatively wide, thin and oval sword section appears to best match a blade rather than a tang, therefore suggesting a scabbard chape. The surrounding mineralised wood of a chape would seem to reinforce this interpretation and additionally an x-ray suggests that the iron is converging to a tip within the chape. The bifurcating chape terminal corresponds to Stead's (ibid. p 15) Groups i - j chapes from Northern British swords and can be paralleled on chapes from Stanwick (N. Yorkshire), Embleton (Cumberland) and Flasby (Yorkshire). The decorative art style would seem to best correspond to Stage V/VI. Wooden and organic scabbards are best paralleled on Southern British swords, perhaps suggesting a blend of both traditions. It is also possible that the mount is a pommel with the sword tang preserved within the pommel and thereby depicting the human heads in the correct orientation. Representations of human heads have sometimes been recovered from sword handles, such as the integral terminal on the North Grimston, Yorkshire hilt. Human faces on hilts tend to face frontwards, rather than to the side. The presence of the end of the sword within the copper alloy may suggest that more of the sword was present before recovery. ~~ Stead, I.M.; 2006; British Iron Age Swords and Scabbards

NMGW-E7E5DB: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of Trumpet Type and of 1st - 2nd century AD date The brooch is incomplete, missing the pin and has a slightly distorted bow (with a length of 49.2mm, a distorted depth of 23.1mm and a weight of 9.4g). The brooch had a spring mechanism secured around a single, pierced lug on the rear of the head. A single coil of the spring survives around an iron axis bar. The trumpet head is of sub-triangular section (9.9mm wide and 9.7mm long), with no surviving evidence for an integral chain-loop. The head is corroded but appears to have had side flanges, defined by chevron mouldings which arc towards the bow. The upper bow is of D-shaped to sub-triangular section and has concave sides, expanding to the mid-bow. Any decoration on the upper bow has been lost through wear and corrosion. The button is worn and was of uncertain form. The leg is of D-shaped section with straight sides converging to the foot. And the surface is corroded and has removed any decoration. The foot projects forward and had a step-moulding. The catch-plate is present and arcs from the rear of the base of the button and is central to the leg. Remnants of a silvered or tinned surface survives on the catch-plate. Elsewhere the surface has surviving areas of dark-green patina and mid-green corrosion. The brooch form is consistent with Hull's 'Chester' Type 154, which he dated from the late 1st to early 2nd century AD. The type is seen to have a distribution concentrated in the South West of Britain, around the lower Severn.

NMGW-F825D6: HARNESS PENDANT
Medieval enamelled copper alloy shield-shaped harness pendant of 13th or 14th century date The shield-shaped pendant is heavily-corroded and incomplete (with a surviving overall length of 38.9mm and a weight of 4.8g). The pendant was hinged to a missing suspension mount by the loop at the apex, now truncated (with a surviving height of 10.2mm high, a surviving depth of 5.5mm and 0.5mm - 2.6mm thick) with a circular perforation (3.7mm diameter). The shield-shaped pendant (28.6mm long, 22.3mm wide and 1.3mm - 2.5mm thick) is truncated and battered. The decorative device was heraldic but little detail or enamel now survives. There appears to heve been a broad diagonal line (a bend) with a small remnant of red enamel surviving within it (gules). Traces of blue (azure) enamel survives above and below the bend (azure a bend gules). It seems likely that there were originally other devices on the field but which are now no longer discernible. The surface has corroded dark-brown with a remnants of green patina.

NMGW-F8A64F: HARNESS MOUNT
Medieval copper alloy harness pendant bar suspension mount of 13th or 14th century date The harness pendant is missing but the bar is complete, although somewhat distorted (with a distorted length of 48.6mm, a height of 13.3mm and a weight of 5.8g). The bar was of sub-triangular section (6.2m wide and 2.2mm thick) and has a narrows before the terminals. The terminals incorporate the attachment holes and one of the attachment rivets remains in place (9.0mm long and 1.8mm diameter shaft) with a domed head (3.4mm diameter). The terminals are enhanced with projecting knops of D-shaped section. The hinge (with a width of 9.2mm) is positioned at the centre of the bar, with perforated, twin lugs to secure the pendant and with an iron axis bar (of 2.0mm diameter). The rear of the mount was flat. The mount is heavily-corroded and the original surface has been stripped, with a current dark-brown surface. The mount can be paralleled with a shorter example excavated from London (Griffiths, 1995; pp 69, no. 73) from a mid to late 14th century context. Griffths, N. 1995; Harness Pendants and associated fittings in Clark, J. ed.;; Medieval Finds from Excavations in London: 5; The Medieval Horse and its Equipment; Museum Of London

NMGW-F8D9A6: BUCKLE
Medieval copper alloy buckle frame of mid 12th to 14th century date The buckle frame is oval with ornate outside edge and is missing the pin (with a length of 15.7mm and a weight of 1.7g). The outside edge is expanded and of sub-rectangular section (4.8mm long, 4.5mm wide and 3.9mm thick) and decorated on the front and rear with fine ribs and grooves. A pair of ribs near the centre and likely to have acted as a notch for the pin. The sides are convex (giving the buckle a width of 16.7mm) and of rectangular section (0.7mm thick and 2.7mm wide). The square-sectioned bar (1.6mm square) is narrowed and offset. The surface has a dark-green to dark-brown patina.

NMGW-F8EBA1: MOUNT
Medieval copper alloy belt mount probably dating to the 2nd half of the 14th century The belt mount is complete and is of bar-mount form and has two smaller terminal lobes, flanking a central lobe (with a length of 18.1mm and a weight of 1.0g). The two smaller terminal lobes (4.8mm & 5.0mm wide and 1.8mm deep) are perforated to take separate attachment rivets for securing the mount, one of which remains in place (1.4mm diameter and 3.6mm long). The central domed lobe (with a width of 9.1mm and a depth of 3.2mm) has a circular perforated (3.2mm diameter) but it is unclear whether the perforation was intended to accommodate an attachment rivet or is decorative. Around the perforation are six closely-spaced incised grooves, forming fine ribs, which have been regularly enhanced with notches, forming cross hatching. The rear of the central lobe is dished and is as-cast. The surface has a dark green patina. The mount can be paralleled in form but not decoration with two examples excavated in London (Egan & Pritchard, 1991, p 213, Nos. 1160-1) , recovered from contexts dated to between 1350 and 1400. Egan G. & Pritchard F. 1991; Medieval Finds from Excavations in London: 3; Dress Accessories; Museum Of London

NMGW-F9A917: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin House of Constantine nummus, irregular (c. AD 330-45) GLORIA EXERCITIVS, two standards type 0.90g, corroded

NMGW-F9BEA5: BUCKLE
Medieval copper alloy buckle of mid-14th to mid-15th century date The buckle frame is of D-shaped form and is complete but is missing the pin (with a length of 27.8mm, a width of 26.8mm and a weight of 4.1g). The outside edge has a lip and a notch for the missing pin (with a width of 5.0mm). The frame has a continuous curve to the offset and narrowed bar. The sides are of rounded sub-square section (3mm square) and no applied decoration is evident on the frame. The surface is corroded and pitted with a dark-green patina.

NMGW-FA667D: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Sestertius of early 2nd century AD date, probably of Trajan or Hadrian 13.98g, worn and corroded

NMGW-FBADA4: JETTON
Post medieval copper alloy jetton Nuremburg, 16th century

NMGW-FCE6A5: UNIDENTIFIED OBJECT
Copper alloy anthropomorphic terminal of uncertain date The terminal is in the form of a human head and has broken across the neck (with a surviving length of 18.6mm, a maximum width of 8.6mm, a maximum thickness of 10.4mm and a weight of 7.5g). The terminal is heavily-corroded and the corrosion has removed much of the detail, there are depressions depicting the eyes and a central ridge is evident indicating the position of the nose. Another depression surviving on one side only is likely to depict a ear. The surviving form and style would indicate a comparatively naturalistic depiction. At the rear of the terminal, near the base of the head is a prominent groove, which continues, possibly deepening towards the break. The surface has been lost and is now red-brown stripped metal with remnants of pale to dark-green patina. The fragmentary sate of the artefact together with the corrosion removing most of the surface detail makes identification problematic. It is possible to tentatively suggest that the groove and bifurcating form on the rear may have led to the blade of a nail-cleaner of Roman date, although the blade would be expected on the front rather than rear and would be difficult to closely parallel.

NMGW-FD50E3: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Constantine I (AD 307-37) nummus, possibly Arles SOLI INVICTO OMITI M [ ]//[ ] (c. AD 316) 1.83g, corroded

NMGW-0E066B: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Antoninus Pius (AD 138-61) sestertius, Rome Uncertain reverse 9.87g, corroded fragment

NMGW-0ED27E: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Irregular radiate (c. AD 275-85), imitating Tetricus I (Gallic, AD 271-4) Reverse: Laetitia holding wreath and anchor 14.5mm

NMGW-0F81AB: BOW BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of uncertain type, possibly Trumpet or allied type and of 1st or 2nd century AD date The brooch is fragmentary, represented by the mid-bow and top of the leg only (with a surviving length of 28.5mm, a surviving depth of 8.2mm and a weight of 2.8g). The head has been lost and the base of the upper-bow is of eroded oval section, corroded to a point. The mid-bow had a button of uncertain form, now heavily corroded. The leg is also corroded to a point but the remnants of the catch-plate are evident on the rear as a sharp rib. There no decoration now discernible on the brooch fragment and none of the original surface survives, which has corroded dark brown.

NMGW-0FCD25: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Marcus Aurelius (AD 161-80) sestertius, Rome Rev.: uncertain, possibly Aequitas or Moneta 11.42g, worn and corroded

NMGW-23EB41: TOKEN
Post Medieval copper alloy token Penny token of John Hall, Holyhead n.d. (c. 1650-70) Boon 63a 2.50g, corroded

NMGW-24295D: COIN
Post Medieval copper alloy coin Ireland, James II (1685-91) halfpenny, Dublin; 1686 5.29g, corroded

Post Medieval copper alloy coin William and Mary (1689-94) halfpenny, 1694 9.71g, worn

NMGW-62AB8E: CASTING WASTE
Copper alloy casting jet of uncertain date, possibly Bronze Age The jet appears to be complete, comprising a single-runner and oval sectioned reservoir (with a length of 23.0mm and a weight of 30.0g). The oval top surface (26.7mm x 23.7mm) is concave, as the molten metal cooled. The sides converge towards the runner and are irregular, possibly suggesting use of a clay gate. The runner is of irregular sub-rectangular section (with a surviving length of 12mm and 10mm x 8mm). The surface has a dark-green to brown patina with areas of mid-green corrosion. The jet has few diagnostic attributes and is problematic to date. The form and technology is consistent with Bronze Age casting of non-axe tools and weapons using a single runner technology.

NMGW-62BC04: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of uncertain type, probably T-shaped or allied and of 1st or 2nd century AD date The brooch is fragmentary, represented by the head only and is diminutive (with a surviving length of 11.9mm, a surviving depth of 5.7mm and a weight of 1.4g). The brooch employed a hinge mechanism, probably in tubular wings, which are now worn and corroded to points (with a surviving width of 12.7mm). The upper bow is of D-shaped section, also heavily worn and corroded to a point (with a width and thickness at the head of 5.0mm and 3.9mm respectively). No decoration or detail survive on either the bow or the wing remnants. The original surface has been lost and is now corroded pale-green to red-brown.

NMGW-62D878: HARNESS PENDANT
Medieval copper alloy harness pendant, probably of 13th or 14th century date The harness pendant was likely to have been originally of two-part form, comprising a frame and the surviving internal pendant, and is now missing the frame and suspension mount (with a surviving length of 35.3mm and a weight of 6.3g). At the apex of the pendant is the perforated lug (5.0mm deep, 1.6mm thick and with a surviving length of 4.6mm) for the hinge, now broken through the perforation. The pendant is of sixfoil form (with a width of 27.6mm and a thickness of 2.4mm) with six projecting knops, including the knop with the integral hinge lug. At the centre of the inner pendant was an enamelled device within a circular field, now corroded and difficult to discern. Traces of red (gules) enamel are present around each side and with two vertical lines at the centre. All other details have been lost through corrosion. The rear of the pendant is flat. Very little of the original surface survives with a pale-green to brown corrosion and no traces of gilding are now discernible. The heraldic device is difficult to interpret but it is possible to suggest a bird with outspread wings (displayed), between the red enamel.

NMGW-62F521: BUCKLE
Medieval copper alloy oval buckle with separate plate, probably of mid-14th to 16th century date The buckle comprises the oval frame (24.2mm long and 27.1mm wide) with separate folded sheet plate (33.3mm long, 15.8mm wide and 1.4mm thick). The buckle has an expanded outside edge (5.5mm wide and 4.5mm thick), which in convex (8.6mm deep) and has a notch for the pin. The sides are also convex and the bar is offset and narrowed. The pin does not survive but the presence of iron corrosion suggests an iron pin was used. The plate is folded around the bar (7.6mm deep) with a slot for the pin. The plate is of rectangular form with the underside part of the plate slightly smaller. The plate was attached to the strap and closed by a rivet near the attachment end, which is still in place (with a length of 7.0mm and a head diameter on the rear of 4.5mm) but not noticeable on the front plate. The surface of both the frame and plate is very-heavily corroded and pitted with dark-green to brown corrosion and no trace of applied decoration survives.

NMGW-6383EE: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of Trumpet type and of 1st or 2nd century AD date The brooch is incomplete, missing the spring and foot (with a surviving length of 36.0mm, a surviving depth of 18.9mm and a weight of 7.7g). The missing spring was secured around a single, perforated D-shaped lug on the rear of the head. Remains of an iron axis bar survive within the perforation. The head is oval (with a width of 9.1mm and length of 11.7mm), including a plate above the bow. It is possible that the head-plate was surmounted with an integral chain-loop, now lost. The upper bow is of D-shaped section but is worn and probably originally of sub-triangular or sub-lozenge section, since the rear of the bow also has a central ridge. The sides are concave and expand towards the button. The top and base of the button are defined by leaf-mouldings. The button comprises a rib with an incised cross-hatch. The leg is of D-shaped section with straight sides converging to the break. A slight rib on the centre of the rear of the leg indicates the position of the catch-plate, now lost. The surface has a dark-brown patina, surviving over much of the brooch. The brooch form is generally consistent with Hull's 'Chester' Type 154, which he dated from the late 1st to early 2nd century AD. Hattatt (1987, pp 130) states that the type is seen to have a distribution concentrated in the South West of Britain. ~~ Hattatt, R. 1987; Brooches of Antiquity

NMGW-63C11C: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of Trumpet-headed type and of 1st -2nd century AD date The brooch is incomplete, missing the leg, catch-plate and pin and has a distorted bow (with a surviving length of 34.8mm, a distorted depth of 22.1mm and a weight of 11.1g). The brooch employed a hinged pin within semi-tubular wings and with a copper alloy axis bar, which is still present. The trumpet head is oval (with a width of 21.6mm and a length of 15.6mm). A protruding stub at the apex of the head suggests the brooch had an integral chain-loop. There was a flat border around the trumpet-headed bow but is now truncated. The upper bow was of a uniform width (5.6mm wide and 5.1mm thick) after narrowing from the head and is of oval section but may have a central ridge, now worn and corroded. The button is corroded but appears to have been of tri-lobed form (with a surviving depth of 10.0mm). No detail survives on the leg, which has corroded to a point. The surface has a dark-brown patina, partially preserved and elsewhere pale-green corrosion. The hinged pin within semi-tubular wings may be considered a variant of the Trumpet type brooch and is more often seen on brooches of Headstud Type.

NMGW-63E170: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of T-shaped type and of 1st -2nd century AD date The brooch is incomplete, missing the foot, catch-plate and pin (with a surviving length of 33.0mm, a surviving depth of 9.2mm and a weight of 3.2g). The top of the hinged pin survives between the tubular wings, now slightly truncated (with a surviving width of 16.2mm and a diameter of 3.0mm). There is no decoration now discernible on the wings. A small stub on the head of the brooch is likely to be the remnants of an integral chain-loop. The upper bow is convex across its width and has a grooved border. The sides are straight and gradually convergent to the leg (with a width at the head of 8.8mm and a thickness of 1.8mm). The rear of bow has a subtle vertical groove. The front of the bow is decorated with two, raised lozenge panels, both enhanced with cross-hatched grooves. The top of the leg is of sub-triangular section and the catch-plate arcs from one side of the leg but has broken before the catch. The surface is pitted with a dark-green patina. The brooch form corresponds to Hull's Type 106, which Hattatt (1987, pp 100-4) sees as having a distribution concentrated on the Lower Severn, although this example would be a northern outlier. ~~ Hattatt, R.; 1987; Brooches of Antiquity

NMGW-63F627: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of Polden Hill / T-shaped type and of 1st -2nd century AD date The brooch is incomplete, missing the spring and foot (with a surviving length of 36.0mm, a surviving depth of 10.5mm and a weight of 6.6g). The missing spring was secured between lateral lugs, with the chord tensioned by a hook, in a Polden Hill hook type mechanism. The wings are comparatively short (with a width of 15.5mm and a diameter of 5.4mm) and are corroded but near-complete. The bow is of D-shaped section with straight sides gradually converging to the break. There are curved mouldings either side of the upper bow at the head (with a width of 8.9mm). The upper bow is decorated with two convergent ribs, flanked by grooves. The bow has broken across the leg, which is of D-shaped section. The remnants of the catch-plate are evident at the centre of the rear of the leg (with a surviving length of 9.7mm). No decoration is now discernible on the leg. The surface has small surviving remnants of a dark-brown patina but otherwise has a dark-green corrosion.

NMGW-64C76E: TOY
Post medieval copper alloy toy cannon of 17th or 18th century date The gun is near-complete but the barrel is exploded and appears to have been cast in one-piece (with a length of 71.5mm and a weight of 37.0g). The cascable comprises a globular knob on a concave fillet before a prominent base ring (of 14.3mm diameter). The vent is a small circular hole (of 2.4mm diameter) and there is a moulding for the first reinforce (12.9mm diameter). The trunnions are positioned near the mid-point of the gun (with a width of 24.1mm and a diameter of 5.8mm). The ends of the trunnions are narrowed with a step (to 3.4mm), probably to help accommodate the carriage. The chase has a single incised fillet and a moulding before the neck. The neck expands at the muzzle (to 10.9mm) and has a single incised line. The gun has a bore of 6.2mm and a bore length of approximately 53mm. The surface is heavily-corroded with a dark brown corrosion; there is the suggestion of iron corrosion on the barrel around the trunnions. The dimensions of the gun do not closely correspond with Forsyth & Egan (2005, p 80 - 84) typology but perhaps best resemble their Type 3 which they date to the late 17th to early 18th century. ~~ Forsyth, H. & Egan, G.; 2005; Toys, Trifles & Trinkets; Base-metal miniatures from London 1200 to 1800; Museum of London

NMGW-6528AA: TOKEN
Post medieval copper alloy token Cronebane, Co. Wicklow Irish Mine Company halfpenny token, possibly dated 1795 Corroded

NMGW-658024: KEY (LOCKING)
Roman copper alloy key of 1st or early 2nd century AD date The key is a tumbler-lock slide key and is incomplete, missing the base of the stem the bit (with a surviving length of 57.2mm and a weight of 19.9g). There is an integral circular loop at the apex (14.5mm external diameter, 8.7mm internal diameter and 4.1mm - 5.7mm thick). There is a shoulder between the loop and the rectangular-sectioned grip (with a thickness of 6.4mm). The grip has straight sides gradually converging towards the stem (with a width below the loop of 15.1mm and 13.2mm before the stem). The stem is oval-sectioned, narrowing slightly towards the base (with a surviving length of 20.9mm, a width of 6.3mm - 7.6mm and a thickness of 6.1mm). The end of the stem is hollow (with a diameter of 3.8mm). The bit was perpendicular to the handle but only a fragment now survives (with a surviving length of 5.2mm, a width of 6.3mm and a thickness of 3.3mm). One tooth now survives on the bit. The surface is heavily corroded and worn with a pale-green patina with areas of bright-green corrosion and no applied decoration is now discernible on the key. Keys of this type and form in copper alloy generally date from the first to mid-second century AD.

NMGW-65B987: BROOCH
A middle early-medieval copper-alloy brooch of 8th- to early 9th-century date. The brooch is fragmentary, represented by the distorted upper bow and part of the spring only (with a surviving distorted length of 30.3mm, a surviving depth of 14.9mm and a weight of 2.5g). The circular-sectioned spring is integral to the bow and has one and a half surviving coils before the break (with a surviving width of 5.0mm and a diameter of 1.8mm). It is now unclear whether the missing chord was external or internal. The bow is of sheet copper alloy (1.0mm thick) with one surviving side, which is straight and divergent to the break (giving a maximum surviving width of 17.5mm). The front of the bow was decorated with repeated punched ring-and-dot. It is now unclear how the ring-and-dot motifs were arranged on the bow. No other applied decoration is evident on the bow. The rear of the bow is undecorated and flat. Working striations are discernible at the apex of the rear of the bow. The surface is heavily-corroded with a mid-brown patina partially surviving; elsewhere the surface has corroded bright green and red-brown. An example illustrated by Weetch (2014, 186; no. 974) from Cherry Hinton, Cambridgeshire, has a bow of comparable proportions and decoration.

NMGW-66BDB7: SEAL MATRIX
Medieval copper alloy seal matrix, shield-shaped and with a length of 21.5mm, a width of 16.8mm, a thickness of 1.9mm and a weight of 2.4g. The rear of the die is near-flat with a low and subtle vertical rib running down the centre. There is the suggestion of an adhesion or solder on the surface of the rear. The front of the die has a beaded border, within which is an encircling legend, now difficult to read. The letters are apparently cast rather than punched. A suggested interpretation may be suggested: *S' ELVEI CLERICI (Seal of Elvei, Cleric or Elvei Clerk). The V may possibly be a Y, but neither the names Elvei nor Elyei seem to have been used in the medieval period. The central device is within a second beaded border and is also difficult to interpret but may depict the head of a cleric at the base, possibly with an outstretched hand from the top right. The surface is corroded and worn with a dark-brown patina and remnant traces of green patina. The seal is unusual in being so thin and without a lug or handle. It was presumably attached to a backing with a handle.

NMGW-66CFEC: MOUNT
Post medieval copper alloy belt or strap mount of 16th or 17th century date The mount is of figurative type, in the form of an acorn and is complete (with a length of 19.8mm and a weight of 1.4g). The mount has two integral oval-sectioned attachment rivets, which remain in place and folded (with a depth of 4.5mm). The rear of the mount is otherwise flat. The face of the mount is worn and corroded with a knop at both ends and is convex across its width. The mount is of oval, widest around the mid-section (with a width of 8.0mm). The basal half is decorated with cross-hatching, before a transverse rib defined by flanking grooves. The top of the mount has no applied decoration. The surface has a pale-brown to green patina, preserved on the rear but elsewhere the surface has corroded dark-brown.

NMGW-B7EC1E: HARNESS
Roman military copper alloy disc harness mount of mid-1st to mid-2nd century AD date The circular mount is near-complete (with a diameter of 24.4mm, a maximum surviving depth of 5.9mm and a weight of 8.5g), missing the attachment lugs and loop, with some peripheral loss. The mount appears to have had a flat border before a low, raised circular moulding (5mm wide, 1.3mm high and giving the mount a maximum thickness of 4.7mm). At the centre is a circular, concave panel defined by a groove and containing a recessed cross with expanded terminals and central recessed pellet. Traces of a silver or tin coating overlying the surface is evident in patches on the surface of the face. No other applied decoration is evident on the corroded face. The rear is flat with stubs from four lugs and a recessed circle at the centre, possibly resulting from lathe turning. Two of the lugs are of oval section and placed close together (10.9mm apart) on the periphery, probably the remnants of a loop. The other two lugs are of sub-rectangular section placed near the edge on the opposite side. The surface has a pale to dark-green patina.

NMGW-F4B331: THIMBLE
Medieval cast copper alloy domed thimble, possibly of 15th to mid-16th century date The thimble is near-complete with slight damage to the rim (with a length of 12.2 and a weight of 3.7g). The mouth is near-circular (with a diameter of 16.7mm - 17.0mm and with a rim thickness of 0.9mm). Above the rim are two incised border lines before the indentations. The sides of the thimble are slightly convex and converge towards the domed top. The thimble has seven or eight rows of hand-punched indentations, which are irregularly placed, probably in vertical lines. The indentations continue onto rounded top of the thimble but there is an area without indentations before a single indentation at the apex. The thimble has a dark green-brown surface patina. The thimble appears to have comparatively small indentations and therefore may belong to Holmes' (FDS 9, 1991) Light-duty thimbles for finer work and light fabrics, probably of the type illustrated in his figure 1c, dated from the mid-14th to mid-15th century. ~~ Holmes, E.F., 1991; Sewing Thimbles; Finds Research Group 700-1700, Datasheet 9

NMGW-0A582A: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Irregular radiate in the name of Tericus I (c. AD 275-85) encrusted with or set into ferric material with a strong magnetic response). 1.62g

NMGW-B91BE7: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Commodus (AD 180-93) denarius, Rome LIB AVG PMT RP XV COS VI; Libertas standing left RIC 208 (c. AD 190) 2.61g

NMGW-F5E4C1: PURSE
Late Medieval to early Post Medieval copper alloy purse-bar of 15th to 16th century date The purse frame is incomplete and is fragmentary (with a surviving length of 85.3mm and a weight of 33.5g). The purse-bar is a variant of Ward Perkins (1940, p 158 - 171) , Type A1. The missing loop swivelled within a sub-rectangular central block (14.0mm long, 9.7mm thick and 14.8mm high). The central perforation is circular (with a diameter of 6.2mm) with a countersink on the underside and is considerably worn through the rotation of the missing loop. The perforation is positioned off-centre (resulting in one wall only having a thickness of 1mm, while the other wall is 2.1mm thick). The central block is corroded and worn but appears to have been decorated with incised double-cross hatching, which may possibly have held niello inlay. The ends of the block have moulded beast's heads biting on the bars. The bars are of sub-rectangular section, gradually thinning to the break and with straight divergent sides (With a maximum surviving width of 12.2mm and a thickness of 2.7mm). The remains of the start of one of the attachment plates are evident on the longer surviving bar. The bars may also have been decorated with an incised lattice design but is now worn and corroded. The surface has a green patina where it survives and elsewhere has corroded dark-brown. Ward Perkins sees type 'A' purse-bars as earlier and more elaborate than the other types and suggests that the uniformity in style may indicate a single production centre for the type. The rectangular-sectioned bar may imply a slightly later date or different place of production. ~~ Ward-Perkins, J.B., 1940, London Museum medieval Catalogue

NMGW-F6135E: FASTENING
Hemispherical copper alloy terminal, possibly a terminal from a button-and-loop fastener, possibly of 2nd century AD date The fragmentary object comprises a cast convex circular head (of 15.5mm diameter, a depth of 9.7mm and with a weight of 10.9g) and an integral rectangular-sectioned shank (5.9mm x 4.3mm), projecting from the rim of the head. The head is hollowed on the underside (with a depth of 2.6mm) and is as-cast. The shank has a near-perpendicular turn and has broken immediately after the bend (with rise above the head of 5.8mm). There is no applied decoration evident on the head or shank. The surface has a dark-brown patina with areas of bright-green corrosion. The fragmentary state of the object makes any identification speculative but the form is consistent with button-and-loop fasteners of Roman period date. If correct, then the fastener would conform to Wild's (1970, p 140) Type IV, with a suggested date within the second century AD.

NMGW-F630BB: BUCKLE
Medieval copper alloy oval framed buckle with roller, probably of 14th or 15th century date The buckle frame is fragmentary, represented by the outside edge and part of the sides only (with a surviving length of 10.4mm, a surviving width of 23.2mm and a weight of 3.4g). The outside edge of the frame is ornate and is of circular section (6.0mm diameter at the ends). The centre is narrowed to accommodate a separate sheet copper alloy roller (10.2mm wide and 6.1mm diameter). The roller was enhanced with pairs of incised lines, now corroded and mostly lost. The sides of the frame were curved and of oval section (3mm wide and 2.6mm thick). The buckle frame has a grey-green surface patina while the roller has a dark-green patina. The buckle fragment can be closely paralleled with an example excavated from London (Egan & Pritchard, 1991, p 74, no. 301) and recovered from a mid to late 14th century context. ~~ Egan G. & Pritchard F. 1991; Medieval Finds from Excavations in London: 3; Dress Accessories; Museum Of London

NMGW-F6D467: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin As, uncertain emperor of 1st or 2nd century AD date 7.17g, worn and corroded

NMGW-F7125B: HARNESS PENDANT
Medieval copper alloy harness pendant with the suspension mount, of late 13th or 14th century date The pendant is near-complete and retains the suspension mount (with an overall length of 49.2mm, and a weight of 13.7g). The suspension mount (with a length of 16.0mm) comprises a rounded knop (7.3mm wide) with a sub-circular section integral attachment rivet on the rear (3.6mm diameter and 7.0mm long) with a peened end. At the base of the mount are the twin lugs of the hinge, flanking the single lug of the pendant and secured with an iron axis bar. The pendant (with a length of 41mm) is of shield-shaped form (30.5mm long and 23.8mm wide). The design is now corroded and survives as a recess in the surrounding blue (azure) enamel and therefore the detail of the bird has been lost. The bird appears to have been portrayed rising and possibly with the wings inverted, although the detail is no longer clear. No enamel now survives in the recess. Traces of gilding survive on the hinge part of the pendant and on the suspension mount. Traces of green patina are evident on the rear surface of the pendant and on the mount; the pendant has been coated recently in an oil or wax.

NMGW-F7414A: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy brooch of Colchester derivative, Harlow spring System of 1st century AD date. The brooch is incomplete, missing the leg and foot (with a surviving length of 30.3mm, a surviving depth of 14.8mm and a weight of 10.4g). The incomplete spring remains in place around a copper alloy axis bar and is secured with a central, perforated lug and the chord tensioned with a lug at the head. The wings are truncated and are concave across their height (with a length of 23.5mm and a height of 6.4mm). The wings were enhanced with vertical grooves near the terminals, now corroded and worn. The upper bow is of rounded D-shaped section, with straight sides converging to the break (with a width of 7.0mm and a thickness of 7.9mm). The lug at the head continues as a short rib but no other decoration is evident on the bow. The bow appears to be getting deeper at the break, probably to incorporate the missing catch-plate. The surface is heavily-pitted with a dark-brown patina.

NMGW-F76BDE: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of uncertain type, possibly of Hod Hill, Aucissa or allied forms and probably of 1st century AD date. The brooch is fragmentary, missing both the head and leg (with a surviving length of 26.8mm, a surviving depth of 5.5mm and a weight of 1.6g). The bow has broken below the head and comprises three vertical grooves, defined by ribs. The sides are truncated but converge towards the leg (with a maximum surviving width and thickness of 8.5mm and 2.3mm respectively). At the top of the leg are two transverse ribs before narrowing to the break. The beginnings of the truncated catch-plate are evident at the centre of the rear of the leg. The surface has a dark-brown patina.

NMGW-F8DD33: COIN
A copper alloy Roman nummus of the House of Valentinian (AD 364-378), dating to the period AD 364-378 (Reece Period 19). SECVRITAS REI PVBLICAE reverse type, depicting Victory advancing left, holding wreath and palm. Unclear mint. 1.62g, corroded

NMGW-F97464: COIN
A copper alloy Roman radiate of an uncertain emperor, probably dating to the period AD 269-285 (Reece Period 13-14). Uncertain reverse type. Unclear mint. Probably a late Gallic Empire radiate (c. AD 270-4) or irregular (c. 275-85). 1.17g, corroded

NMGW-FA9708: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of enamelled T-shaped type and of 1st or 2nd century AD date The brooch is incomplete, missing the pin, catch-plate, chain-loop and foot (with a surviving length of 45.3mm, a surviving depth of 15.1mm and a weight of 7.92g). The missing pin was hinged within tubular wings, now truncated (with a surviving width of 17.2mm) and with a ferrous axis bar, which is still present. No decoration survives on the wings. The stub from an integral chain-loop is present at the head. The upper bow is of rectangular section (10.8mm wide and 3.0mm thick), with straight sides which were near-parallel or slightly convergent. Towards the mid-bow. The panel has a raised central panel decorated with opposing enamelled cells now mostly empty but originally containing blue (left) and yellow (right) enamel. The mid-bow was decorated with a raised pellet (5.5mm diameter and 1mm high) with a central indentation, which may have held enamel. The leg is of D-shaped section with straight sides converging to the break, above the missing foot. There appears to have been a knurled midrib and transverse moulding at the base of the leg. The catch-plate is positioned to one side of the rear and is missing the catch. The surface is heavily-corroded with remnants of a green-brown patina.

NMGW-09EBFB: WATCH
Post medieval copper alloy toy watch face of later 18th or 19th century date The toy watch is fragmentary, represented by the circular face only (with a diameter of 40.5mm, a thickness of 0.5mm and a weight of 7.6g). There is a stub from the integral loop at the apex. The edge has a pressed border (1.4mm deep) decorated with stamped scrolls. The face has pellets around the edge to represent minutes or seconds. The numbers are Roman Numerals within circular borders. The stamped hands are depicted as two interweaving strands and read just gone twenty-five past ten, or 10:27. The central part of the dial is decorated with closely-spaced, stamped undulating lines. At the centre is a perforation (5.4mm diameter), punched through from the front. The watch case is missing. The pressed copper alloy dial rather than cast lead alloy would suggest a 19th century date rather than late 17th or earlier 18th century.

NMGW-0A2DDD: KEY (LOCKING)
Roman zoomorphic copper alloy handle probably from a key of 2nd to 4th century date The handle is complete but heavily worn and corroded and the iron key shaft and bit does not survive (with a length of 74.7mm and a weight of 140.1g). The handle depicts a crouched lion, cast in the round and is comparatively naturalistic. The forelegs are extended beneath the head at the base and with the paws under the open mouth. The detail on the snout has been lost but the eyes are evident, defined by oval mouldings and internal pellet. The brow rises to a moulding depicting the beginning of the mane (giving the handle a maximum height of 27.5mm). There are two encircling mouldings behind the head, enhanced with grooves to depict the mane. Behind the mane are a number of ephemeral mouldings, now worn and corroded but which appear to suggest the hunched rear legs and the tail at the back and dropping to one side, probably emerging from chevron-shaped leaves before the terminal. The base has a central groove between the forelegs beneath the head. The handle narrows and thins to produce a near-square sectioned terminal (6.7mm wide and 7.2mm deep), enhanced with circling ribs. The remains of the ferrous shaft are discernible at the centre (of 11mm diameter). The surface is heavily-worn with a dark green-brown patina. Handle s depicting lions are recorded from a few British sites; this example can be fairly closely paralleled with an example excavated at Verulamium (Frere, 1984, no. 165, p. 49) from a context dated to the early to mid 3rd century. The lion handle from Fishbourne (Cunliffe 1971, no. 144, p 118) is shorter, appears more docile and is perhaps less detailed. The Fishbourne handle may have been for a knife rather than key. The Fishbourne handle was recovered from the Third-Period occupation, dated to 2nd or 3rd century AD. A similar lion handle from a key was also excavated at Baldock, Hertfordshire (Stead, 1986, p 136) from a 3rd or 4th century context. 1. Frere, S.; 1984; Verulamium Excavations; Volume III; Oxford University Committee for Archaeology Monograph No. I 2. Cunliffe, B.; 1971; Excavations at Fishbourne 1961-1969; Volume II: The Finds; Reports of the Research Committee of the Society of Antiquaries of London No. XXVII 3. Stead, I.; 1986; Other Bronze Objects; in Stead, I.M and Rigby, V., Baldock The excavation of a Roman and pre-Roman settlement 1968-72, Britannia Monograph series No. 7, Society for the Promotion of Roman Studies, London, pages 125-140

NMGW-0B2BCC: BUCKLE
Medieval copper alloy buckle of annular type, of mid 13th to mid 15th century date. The buckle frame is now oval in shape (length: 43.5mm external and 35.5mm internal diameter, and width: 35.8mm external and 28.5mm internal diameter and weighing 11.16g) but is likely to be of distorted circular form. The frame is of oval section (3.6mm to 3.8mm wide and 2.4mm thick). There is no pin restriction on the frame. The pin is also somewhat distorted and has a moulding at the base. It has an open loop around the frame and the shaft is of sub-rectangular section (3.5mm by 2.9mm at the moulding) and tapering to a point. There is no groove to accommodate the frame at the tip. The surface has a dark- green patina.

NMGW-0B6F59: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Constantinopolis nummus Reverse: Victory on prow; uncertain mint, perhaps irregular (c. AD 330-5), possibly slightly later 1.02g, corroded

NMGW-0C1EB4: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of uncertain type, possibly T-shaped or Polden Hill and of 1st or 2nd century AD date The brooch is fragmentary and heavily corroded with the bow surviving (with a surviving length of 31.8mm, a surviving depth of 9.2mm and a weight of 4.3g). The head is incomplete and missing the wings (with a surviving width of 15.5mm) and no means of securing the missing spring is evident, although it is likely that end lugs secured the spring in a 'Polden Hill type' arrangement. The chord would have been tensioned by a hook or lug at the head but bow lost. The bow was decorated with a prominent midrib and the sides were enhanced with a stepped border. The sides have been truncated but appear to have been straight and gradually convergent towards the leg (with a width at the head of 11.8mm and a thickness of 3.8mm). The leg was of D-shaped section and has straight sides converging towards the break. There is the suggestion of a rib on the rear of the leg, representing the remains of the catch-plate, which may have been positioned to one side. The foot has been lost. The surface is partially preserved with a mid-green patina. The fragmentary nature of the brooch makes typological identification difficult but the damaged head would suggest a Polden Hill, T-shaped, Dolphin or allied types.

NMGW-0CC468: BALANCE
Medieval copper alloy balance of folding beam type and probably of 13th to 15th century date. The balance is near-complete, missing the central suspension loop and both scale pans and is now corroded with both arms extended upwards (with an original length across the beam of approximately 250mm and a weight of 53.3g). The stubs of the integral suspension loop survives at the centre (7mm wide). There is a central perforation through the beam (with a diameter of 3.9mm) and the central beam is of oval section, narrowing slightly to the hinges (with a length of 53.3mm). No decoration is evident on the central beam. The arms are circular-sectioned with a larger diameter near the centre (of 6.5mm and 3.5mm at their terminals and with lengths of 110.7mm and 110.2mm). There are decorative mouldings of sub-square section near the centre and at the terminals. The mouldings were enhanced with a ring-and-dot on each face but now corroded. Both terminal loops (with a diameter of 2.2mm) survive but the suspended scale pans have been lost. The surface is heavily-corroded with remnants of a dark-green patina and areas of coarse-sandy deposits encrusted on the surface. Copper alloy balances, both rigid and folding have been recovered from excavations of numerous medieval sites, and may have been used for person commercial transactions (Margeson, 1993, p. 204) . The balance could be closely paralleled with an incomplete example found at Salisbury, which has a similar decorative pattern on the arms and has been dated to the mid-13th century (Saunders, 2001, p. 120, 129 no. 5) . 1. Margeson, S., 1993; Norwich Households: The Medieval and Post-Medieval Finds from Norwich Survey Excavations 1971-1978; East Anglian Archaeology Report No. 58, 1993 2. Saunders, P (ed.). 2001. Medieval Catalogue Part 3. Salisbury and Wiltshire Museum, Wiltshire.

NMGW-0DCC3F: SEAL BOX
Roman copper alloy seal box lid of 2nd or 3rd century AD date The seal box is fragmentary, represented by the incomplete lid only and was leaf-shaped or of pointed-oval form (with a surviving length of 28.6mm and a weight of 3.3g), defining it as of Crummy's (1983) Type 4. The lid was decorated with enamel, defined by geometric cells bordered by raised ribs. At the centre of the fragmentary lid is a circular cell (10mm diameter) with a central raised pellet. Traces of enamel survive in the circle, now yellow-grey. Flanking the circle on each sides are tendrils defining a heart-shape or inner leaf and containing remnants of red enamel. On the central axis of the lid are a further two raised pellets. The lid has a raised border, to define a further enamelled cell between the red-heart shaped cell and the edge and containing remnant traces of enamel now turqoise. The lid has broken on one side and on the distal end. At the apex is the eroded lug from the hinge (with a surviving depth of 3.9mm). The underside of the lid has a raised lip (with a depth of 0.9mm) and is otherwise undecorated. The surface has a pale-green patina and there is the suggestion of silvering or tinning surviving on the tops of the pellets and on the cell borders. The lid can be very closely paralleled with an example excavated in Colchester (Crummy, 1983, p 104, no. 2523) from a late Roman pit and a similar but smaller example, also from Colchester. ~ Crummy, N.; 1983, The Roman Small Finds from excavations in Colchester 1971-9; Colchester Archaeological Report 2

NMGW-0DF6BF: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Divo Claudius radiate, commemorative (c. AD 270) Consecratio type with eagle facing left, Possibly irregular 0.75g corroded

NMGW-0E163A: SEAL MATRIX
Medieval copper alloy seal matrix of 13th or 14th century date The seal matrix is near-complete with corrosion and peripheral loss to the edges of the seal die. The matrix has a hexagonally-faceted handle with a suspension loop at the apex (with a length of 19.7mm and a weight of 4.0g). The handle is narrowed around the suspension loop (with a thickness of 3.0mm and a diameter of 2.5mm) and with no moulding evident at the base of the loop. The seal die was circular but is now eroded (with maximum surviving diameter of 14.8mm). The central device is a capitol letter 'E' in Lombardic script. The surrounding legend is mostly corroded and lost but a few letters are evident and may be suggested: *C E I [ ] N [ ] A The legend is difficult to interpret. The surface is corroded with with traces of dark-green patina surviving.

NMGW-0E9D0B: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Claudius II (Gothicus) (AD 268-70) radiate, Rome ANNONA AVG RIC 18 / Cunetio 1962 1.94g, corroded

NMGW-0ED942: SEAL MATRIX
Medieval copper alloy seal matrix of matrix of 13th or 14th century date The seal matrix is of circular form with a hexagonally-faceted handle (with a depth of 24.0mm and a weight of 9.7g). The handle is surmounted by a loop of trefoil form (5.2mm wide) with a ribbed moulding, flanked by grooves between the handle and loop. The circular seal die (with a diameter of 19.5mm) is corroded and is now difficult to interpret. The central device is a fleur-de-lis and the encircling legend is difficult to interprep but it is possible to tentatively suggest: S'LLOE[/F]IL[ ]DAVIU Seal of [ ] son of David The surface of the matrix is worn and corroded with a dark-green patina

NMGW-0EFC9D: TOKEN
Post medieval copper alloy token Charles I (1625-49) farthing token; Rose type 4 (c. 1639-43) 0.79g

NMGW-0F5D51: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of uncertain type and of 1st or 2nd century AD date The brooch is fragmentary, represented by the top of the bow only (with a surviving length of 16.3mm, a surviving depth of 7.6mm and a weight of 3.0g). The brooch employed a spring mechanism, now lost, secured with an uncertain arrangement. There is the suggestion of remnant lugs on the rear near the centre but the wings have been lost (with a surviving width of 12.6mm). It appears that the spring may have been held with a 'Colchester two-piece' arrangement. The sides of the bow have curved, stepped mouldings at the head (with a width of 9.8mm) but otherwise the bow appears to have been of D-shaped section. The upper bow was decorated with diverging and converging ribs, some of which were enhanced with punched-dot decoration, although the decorative scheme is no longer evident. The rear of the bow is flat and undecorated. The surface has a dark-brown patina, where it survives. The fragmentary nature of the brooch makes typological identification difficult but the general form is consistent with Colchester Derivative, Polden Hill and T-shaped types of 1st or 2nd century dates.

NMGW-1F09BE: PIN
Medieval copper alloy buckle pin from a buckle frame of annular type, of mid 13th to mid 15th century date The pin is complete although was found without the rest of the buckle. It is straight (with a length of 48.6mm, of sub-rectangular section, 4mm thick and 3.3mm wide below the loop and weighs 4.9g). The pin tapers slightly before narrowing to the point. There is a moulding at the base of the pin (2.9mm long, 3.2mm wide and 1.3mm high) which is undecorated but may be worn. The loop is open (13.1mm long, 11.6 high and 2.2mm wide), gradually widening until it joins the moulding (where it is 3.2mm wide). The surface has a dark-brown patina with mile marks evident on both sides.

NMGW-1F6A1C: VESSEL
Late Medieval to early Post-Medieval copper alloy chafing dish handle of 15th to 17th century date. The handle is complete and of bifurcating form, with a stud for attachment to the dish (with an overall length of 62.3mm and weighing 42.7g). The looped handle (49.4mm long, 58.2mm wide at bifurcated end and 24.8mm wide at the attachment end) is of hexagonally faceted section (between 3.9mm and 5.1mm thick and between 4.6mm and 6mm wide). The attachment lug (22.6mm long) is of rectangular section (with a maximum width of 15.6mm and thickness of 9.0mm) with rounded sides, expanding at the shoulders at the attachment end. The lug was attached using an integral circular-sectioned rivet (6.9mm diameter and 2.0mm long). The surface has a mid to dark-green patina with file marks evident on both the handle and lug. The handle closely resembles those found at Norwich, as recorded by Margeson (1993, p.81, nos. 489-491) especially no. 491 which has the same two-lobed form, which have been dated to the 15th and 16th centuries. Lewis also records chafing dishes with two-lobed handles of 16th to 17th century date and suggests that they may be particular to Britain, as only one had been found on the Continent at that time (Lewis, 1978, p. 35) . 1. Margeson, S. 1993. Norwich Households: The Medieval and Post-Medieval Finds from Norwich Survey Excavations 1971-1978. University of East Anglia, Norwich. 2. Lewis, J. M. 1978. Medieval Pottery and Metal-ware in Wales. National Museum of Wales, Cardiff.

NMGW-1FCA85: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Constantine II Caesar (AD 317-37) nummus, possibly minted in London (consistent with the style) PROVIDENTIAE CAESS (//PLON) RIC Lon. 296 (c. 324-5) 1.96g

Roman copper alloy coin Constantinopolis (c. AD 330-5) nummus, Trier Rev.: Victory on prow //TRS. - Trier; RIC VII Trier 530 1.75g, corroded

NMGW-1FFF87: NEEDLE
Copper alloy needle probably of post medieval date, possibly 16th century The needle is complete but slightly distorted (with a length of 125.3mm and a weight of 4.7g). The needle appears to be constructed from rolled sheet copper alloy, forming the oval sectioned shaft (with a maximum width and thickness of 3.1mm and 2.7mm respectively). The needle is wider and flat around the eye 4.4mm wide and 0.9mm thick) with an oval aperture (4.5mm x 1.9mm). The shaft gradually narrows before the point. The surface is heavily-corroded and has a pale green corrosion. The needle is comparatively large and is unlikely to have been used for general sewing or embroidery but may have been used for occupational crafts, leatherworking or similar. A curved upholstery needle made of rolled sheet copper alloy was excavated in Norwich (Margeson 1993, p 187, no. 1453) from a late 16th century context. ~ Margeson, S. 1993. Norwich Households: The Medieval and Post-Medieval Finds from Norwich Survey Excavations 1971-1978. University of East Anglia, Norwich.

NMGW-202D07: CASTING WASTE
Copper alloy casting jet of uncertain date, possibly Bronze Age The jet appears to be complete, comprising two-runners and with a sub-rectangular reservoir (36.0mm x 16.9mm), which is of D-shaped sectioned (with a weight of 24.8g). The top surface is flat, with few of the undulations usually observed as the molten metal cooled. The sides generally converge towards the runners although the wider runner is adjacent to one side. The runners are sub-circular and are irregular (with a surviving length of 17.0mm and 12.0mm), possibly suggesting use of a clay gate. The surface has a dark-green to brown patina with areas of pale-green corrosion. The jet has few diagnostic attributes and is problematic to date. The form and technology is consistent with Bronze Age castings of tools and weapons using a two-runner technology.

NMGW-20A43C: COIN
A copper alloy Roman as of an uncertain ruler, probably dating to AD c. 41-100. Uncertain reverse type. Unclear mint. Highly corroded, possibly holed but may be corrosion plus 2 unc 1st-2nd. Aes

NMGW-20B4A5: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Gallienus, Sole reign (AD 260-8) radiate, Rome FORTVNA [REDVX] Cf RIC 193; Cunetio 1215 1.54g, corroded

NMGW-20DB0B: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Constantine I (AD 306-37) nummus, Trier BEATA TRANQVILLITAS //[.]PT[.] Altar; VO/TIS/XX (c. 321-3) 1.21g, corroded

NMGW-20EAD1: COIN
A copper alloy contemporary copy of a Roman nummus of the House of Constantine (AD 307-361), dating to AD 353-361 (Reeve Period 18). Probably FEL TEMP REPARATIO reverse type, depicting a soldier advancing left and spearing a fallen horseman. Copying unclear mint. 1.39g, corroded plus 1 unc. irreg. 4th c., 11mm

NMGW-212DA8: COIN WEIGHT
Post medieval copper alloy coin weight Copper alloy weight for a French gold pistole; English, 17th century 4.16g, corroded

NMGW-217893: WEIGHT
Post medieval copper alloy trade weight of 17th century date. The quarter ounce trade weight is complete, with a few damaged edges, measuring 19.5mm in diameter, 3.4mm in thickness and weighing 6.05g. The raised edge around the stamped inner area is 2mm wide and 0.6mm high. The weight is stamped with a sword (the City of London Guildhall mark) a ewer (the London Founder's Company mark) and a crowned 'C' which would indicate it was issued during either the reign of Charles I (1625-1649) or Charles II (1660-1685).

NMGW-2191FB: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of Crossbow variant type and of 3rd or 4th century date The brooch is fragmentary, missing the pin, most of the foot and the end of one arm (with a surviving length of 64.0mm and a weight of 7.4g). The pin was hinged within sub-circular cylindrical arms formed by rolled sheet copper alloy (with a surviving length of 42.3mm and a diameter of 5.2mm - 6.1mm). The axis bar does not survive and the one surviving knob (9.3mm maximum diameter and 6.9mm long) appears to have been of iron but is no longer ferrous through corrosion. The knob was of uncertain form, possibly conical or hemispherical. The terminals of the rolled arms overlap with the beginning of the knob, suggesting the knob was not of onion form. There does not appear to have been a knob at the head unless a knob was inserted at the apex of the slot for the pin. At the head, the bow is rectangular-sectioned (with a thickness of 5.1mm and a maximum width of 9mm) and narrows sharply to the flat-sectioned bow (with a width of 1.8mm - 2.1mm). The head and bow are also constructed of folded sheet metal, as evidenced by a seam on one side of the head and along the edge of the bow. The bow has the characteristic wide and deep arch (with a depth of 22mm and a length of 44mm). The foot is corroded to a point (with a surviving length of 15.5mm and a surviving width of 2.0mm). The surface is heavily corroded and has been lost and subsequently any surviving applied decoration does not survive. Crossbow type brooches are infrequently reported from Wales, although examples are known from excavations at Segontium and Carmarthen. This example, carefully forged in sheet bronze may be seen as unusual and the probable lack of the central knob would reinforce this. Subsequently, it is difficult to fit the brooch into Keeler's typological groupings of Crossbow brooches. The general form and dimensions (but not the features) are perhaps more consistent with Keeler's Type 1 - 3, perhaps tentatively dated to the mid to late 4th century.

NMGW-220295: PURSE
Copper alloy looped fitting probably from a purse bar of late medieval to post medieval date, c. 15th to 17th century The fitting is incomplete, missing the shank and basal rivet (with a surviving length of 35.9mm and a weight of 8.9g). The loop is of sub-oval form (with a width of 18.0mm, a length of 29.3mm; internal: 12.1mm x 23.1mm) and is also of ova section (7.2mm wide and 2.8mm thick). Beneath the shaft expands slightly at the collar before narrowing to the circular-sectioned shank (4.5mm diameter), which would have swivelled within the box of the purse bar. The shank has broken at its apex. There is no applied decoration discernible on the loop. The surface has a pale to mid-green patina.

NMGW-221453: HARNESS PENDANT
Medieval copper alloy harness pendant of 14th century date The pendant is of shield-shaped form and is complete (with an overall length of 34.8mm, a width of 18.8mm and a weight of 3.9g) but is missing the suspension mount. The hinged lug is distorted and is wider at the base but deeper at the apex to accommodate the perforation (with a length of 10.4mm, a maximum width of 3.8mm and a maximum depth of 5.0mm). The shield (24.6mm long and 18.8mm wide) is heavily-corroded but has the remnants of an heraldic device, seemingly a chevron across the mid part of the shield with two crescents above and one below. A small remnant of blue (Azure) enamel survives at the base of the shield (Azure, a chevron between three crescents ?Or). The surface is heavily-corroded and is stripped with a dark-brown surface and remnants of a pale grey-green patina. The Heraldic device is likely to be the Arms of Berkerolles with estates across the Vale of Glamorgan, including the castles at St Donats and Coity. In the Church of Saint Tathan in St. Athan, Vale of Glamorgan is the Tomb effigy of Katherine de Turberville and her husband Sir Roger Berkerolles (d.1351). The shield depicted with Roger Berkerolles on the effigy bears the same Arms as this pendant.

NMGW-22CCF1: TOKEN
Post medieval copper alloy token Farthing token: Thomas Love / OF NEATH MERCER L / T B Boon, Welsh Tokens: 87a There is an example in The British Museum collections 0.86g

NMGW-2370AE: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Victorinus In Gaul (AD 269-71) radiate Uncertain reverse 1.62g, corroded

Roman copper alloy coin Gallienus, sole reign (AD 260-8) radiate, Rome 'Animals' series, otherwise uncertain 2.61g, corroded

NMGW-8A6431: BUCKLE
Medieval copper alloy buckle of oval frame with composite rigid plates, now missing and of mid-14th or 15th century date The buckle is missing the sheet plates, the pin and is distorted (with a distorted length of 37.2mm and a weight of 6.7g). The frame is oval (with a width of 29.2mm) and has a lip with a notch on the outside edge. The frame is of triangular section (with a thickness of 2.6mm) and narrows at the bar, which has broken because of the distortion. Behind the frame, the spacer has rounded ribs on both faces (with a thickness of 4.1mm), which would have abutted the missing plates. No applied decoration is evident on the buckle. The surface has a dark-green patina.

NMGW-88E17E: BOW BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of T-shaped type and of 1st - 2nd century AD date The brooch is near-complete, missing the pin but with a badly distorted bow (With a distorted length of 34.8mm, a straightened length of approximately 69mm, a distorted depth of 18.7mm and a weight of g). The top of the pin survives and is hinged within oval-sectioned tubular wings (6.8mm x 5.2mm and with a width of 31.4mm) with a copper alloy axis bar. The fronts of the wings are decorated with vertical, knurled ribbing in sunken relief, with two ribs on each side of the head. The decoration is bounded by horizontal ridges at the top and base of the rear of the wings. The upper bow is of sub-square section (6.6mm wide and 5.8mm thick at the head) and continues as a moulding at the base of the head. The sides were straight and gradually convergent to the foot. The front of the bow is worn and was decorated with two grooves, gradually converging and defining a central rib. The leg is rounded and the catch-plate was positioned at the centre of the rear. The simple foot is pointed. The surface has a mid-green patina.

NMGW-89E0A7: ANNULAR BROOCH
Medieval copper alloy annular brooch of 13th or 14th century date The brooch is complete although heavily-corroded and the pin is distorted (with a weight of g). The frame is circular (with an external diameter of 18.5mm and internal 14.8mm) and is also circular-sectioned (1.7mm diameter). The original surface has largely been lost but there is the suggestion that frame was decorated with twisted decoration. There is a restriction on the frame (3mm wide and 1.1mm diameter) to secure the pin. The pin loop is folded around the frame (with a diameter of 3.5mm) and is open at the rear. The pin is of flat section, with straight sides, mostly parallel (1.7mm wide and 0.7mm thick) before converging sharply at the tip. The surface is corroded with a pale-green to brown corrosion and with areas of surviving gilding, over both the frame and pin.

NMGW-8A02FA: COIN
A copper alloy Roman radiate of Salonina (Gallienus, sole reign; AD 260-268), dating to the period AD 260-268 (Reece Period 13). PVDICITIA reverse type, depicting Pudicitia, standing left, raising right hand to veil and holding long transverse sceptre. Mint of Rome. RIC V Salonina (2) 24, Cunetio 1109. 1.49g, corroded

NMGW-8A16C3: COIN
A copper alloy Roman nummus of Gratian (AD 367-383), dating to the period AD 367-375 (Reece Period 19). GLORIA NOVI SAECVLI reverse type, depicting Gratian standing, holding standard and shield. Mint of Arles. 1.46g, corroded

A copper alloy Roman nummus of the House of Valentinan (AD 364-378), dating to the period AD 364-378 (Reece Period 19). GLORIA ROMANORVM reverse type, depicting the Emperor advancing right, holding standard and dragging captive. Unclear mint. 1.68g, corroded

NMGW-8A364F: COIN
A copper alloy Roman probable sestertius of Antonius Pius (AD 138-161), dating to the period AD 138-161 (Reece Period 7). Uncertain reverse type. Unlcear mint. Corroded

NMGW-8A4F57: SPOON
Roman copper alloy spoon, probably of 3rd or 4th century date The spoon is fragmentary and distorted, represented by the handle and the stepped loop before the bowl (with a surviving distorted length of 106.5mm and a weight of 19.2g). The end of the handle expands towards the terminal, which is gently rounded at the end and is and is of sub-rectangular section (9.7mm deep and 7.3mm wide), gradually narrowing towards the mid-handle before expanding slightly towards the missing bowl (with a minimum width of 3.5mm). The handle was off-set to the bowl (with a depth of 15.2mm). The off-set is flat sectioned (2.8mm thick) and is level with the top of the handle. There was likely to have been a decorative aperture adjacent to the bowl, represented by a V-slot at the end. The surface is very heavily-corroded with now surface detail surviving and some remnants of a dark brown patina but elsewhere is corroded brown. The offset bow can be paralleled with some later Roman silver spoons, including 4th century examples, sometimes with twisted handles.

NMGW-8AD033: TOKEN
Post medieval copper alloy token Farthing token MARMADVKE BLVDDER IN THE MINORYS 1666 M S B (The Minories, Aldgate, London) 0.98g, BW London 1911

NMGW-8E42ED: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Claudius II (AD 26-70) posthumous, commemorative issue 'DIVO CLAVDIO' (c. AD 270); Rome [CONSECRATIO]; eagle facing left with head to right 1.76g

NMGW-8E6B7E: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Constantine I (AD 307-37) nummus, Trier GLORIA EXERCITVS; two standards type Wreath//TR[ ] (c. 330-5) 1.66g, corroded

NMGW-8E7B1A: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Irregular nummus (c. AD 330-5) copying House of Constantine, GLORIA EXERCITVS; two standards of 330-5 15mm, 1.01g, corroded

NMGW-8E8E60: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin House of Constantine nummus GLORIA EXERCTIVS; one standard type (c. AD 335-40) or possibly irregular 0.79g, corroded

NMGW-8EA5AE: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Constans / Constantius II nummus VICTORIAE DD AVGG Q NN; two victories Uncertain mint (340-9) 0.90g, corroded

NMGW-8ECB45: COIN
A copper alloy Roman nummus of the House of Constantine (AD 307-361), dating to the period AD 348-350 (Reece Period 18). FEL TEMP REPARATIO reverse type, depicting a phoenix on mound. Mint of Trier. 1.10g, corroded

A copper alloy probable contemporary copy of a Roman nummus of the House of Constantine (AD 307-361), dating to the period AD 353-360 (Reece Period 18). Probably FEL TEMP REPARATIO reverse type, depicting a soldier advancing left, spearing a fallen horseman. Copying unclear mint. 14mm, 0.98g, corroded

NMGW-8EF401: COIN
Four copper alloy Roman radiates or nummi of uncertain rulers, dating to the period AD 260-402. Uncertain reverse types. Unclear mints. Highly corroded

NMGW-8F31B3: BROOCH
Medieval copper alloy brooch pin The pin is complete (with a length of 34.7mm and a weight of 2.7g) but the frame is not present. The loop is cast and closed (with a width of 7.1mm and an internal diameter of 4.6mm). Beneath the loop is a decorative rib, enhanced with notches. The pin has a collar at the top of the shaft (6.7mm diameter). The shaft appears to have been of sub-lozenge section and is widest near the loop (4.8mm maximum width), gradually narrowing to the tip. The surface is heavily-corroded with a brown-green corrosion. It is difficult to identify a brooch typologically from a pin but the brooch form is often associated with annular brooch frames of 13th or 14th century date.

NMGW-9D9BEC: TOY
Post medieval copper alloy toy gun of 17th - 18th century date The gun is incomplete missing the butt and trigger guard (with a surviving length of 57.9mm and a weight of 12.8g). The barrel is of sub-oval section, with straight, faceted sides and is widest at the stock (at 6.8mm and 5.3mm x 6.8mm at the end of the barrel). The corrosion has closed barrel, making it difficult to determine the bore. The vent is small and is also closed by corrosion with a rounded wedge beneath the pan, which may have served as a hold for the match (Egan & Forsyth 2005, 89). Possibly Egan and Forsyth's Type 2 dated to 1600-1640 (Egan and Forsyth, 2005, pp 92) . There is no decoration now discernible on the gun. The surface is heavily-corroded and has largely been stripped to the red-brown metal. 1. Egan G. and Forsyth, H. 2005; Toys, Trinkets and Trifles: Base Metal Miniatures from London's River Foreshore 1150-1800: Base Metal Miniatures from London C. 1200 to C. 1800, Museum of London

NMGW-9EE785: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy enamelled bow brooch of Developed T-shaped Type and of 1st or 2nd century AD date The brooch is near-complete, missing only the tip of the pin (with a length of 42.6mm, a depth of 16.6mm and a weight of 11.5g). The pin (with a surviving length of 22.6mm) is hinged within tubular wings of rounded D-shaped section (with a width of 24.7mm and a depth of 4.6mm). The fronts of the wings are gently angled to the rear and are decorated with vertical grooves and ribs near the terminals. The top of the bow is of sub-oval section (with a width of 9.6mm and a thickness of 3.5mm) with a raised border edge. The sides of the bow are straight and convergent to the foot. Below the head is a central D-shaped crest (4.0mm long, 1.3mm thick and 2.6mm high) and below the crest is a transverse rib flanked each side with a groove and a weaker rib. The leg is comparatively long and has a decorative rectangular recessed panel (12.8mm x 4.1mm) which would have held enamel. Traces of red enamel survive at the base of the cell. Below the panel the leg has a central ridge. The foot has a double moulding before projecting forward at the base. The catch-plate is positioned to one side of the rear of the leg and the comparatively short catch survives (with a height of 11.5mm). The surface was silvered or tinned and much of the white metal coating survives; elsewhere the surface has a mid-green patina.

NMGW-9EFADE: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Postumus, usurper in Gaul (AD 260-9) radiate, Trier VIRTVS AVG Elmer 190, Cunetio 2400 2.17g, corroded

NMGW-9F36A4: SADDLE
Post medieval copper alloy saddle pommel of 16th or 17th century date The pommel is near-complete and retains one of the buckle-frames, but is missing one of the attachment lugs (with a length of 67.9 mm and a weight of 100.7g). The pommel is of two-piece construction and remain joined, soldered across its midsection. The domed pommel is hollow and of sub-circular section (with a diameter of 37.1mm, an internal diameter of 31.8mm and is up to 2.8mm thick). The sides are gently convex and near-parallel before its rounded apex. The surviving lug is slightly distorted (giving a width of 51mm) and has two attachment holes (4.2mm diameter). The pommel has a further two attachment holes containing sheet copper alloy lugs, looped around the bar of a rectangular buckle frame (26.6mm x 15.2mm) of trapezoidal section (2-3mm wide and 2.8mm thick). There is no applied decoration evident on the buckle frame or lugs. There is a single attachment hole at the midpoint at the rear, near the base. On the incomplete side, the pommel has broken through the lower attachment hole for the buckle lug. The pommel is decorated with prominent V-grooves defining diagonal ribs of differing widths arranged around the central moulding over the join and defining undecorated triangular panels at the front. The surface has traces of silvering or tinning over both the pommel and the buckle frame and elsewhere has a pale green patina with areas of stripped brown metal exposed. The pommel can be broadly paralleled with examples recorded by PAS from Glynneath, Neath-Port Talbot and Llanfair Dyffryn Clwyd, Denbighshire and an example published by Read (1988, p 127-8, no. 808) recovered from Bicton in Devon. It is unusual to find an example with the lugs and buckle frame still attached. 1. NMWPA 2010.266.1 2. NMWPA 2012.19 3. Read, B.; 1988; History Beneath our Feet

NMGW-9F4BEE: BUCKLE
Medieval copper alloy buckle with a rectangular frame and folded plate, probably of 13th or 14th century date The buckle is near-complete, missing the pin (with an overall length of 35.2mm and a weight of 8.8g). The rectangular frame (15.3mm long and 24.2mm wide) has a prominent lip with notch to accommodate the missing pin. The frame is rectangular-sectioned but is deep (with a height of 5.5mm and a thickness of 1.6mm). The folded sheet plate (24.2mm long, 23.5mm wide, 6.2mm deep and 2.0mm thick) has a slot for the pin and is recessed to accommodate the corners of the frame. The rear of the plate (at 10.3mm long) is not as long as the front. The plate is decorated with four vertical grooves, each enhanced with punched notches. The attachment end has three projecting spikes, which are presumably decorative. There are no attachment holes in the plate and it remains uncertain how the strap was attached to the buckle. The surface has remnants of a mid-green patina, now discoloured from a recently applied oily coating.

NMGW-A122A8: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Faustina II (wife of Marcus Aurelius) sestertius, Rome IVNO (c. 161-76) RIC (MA) 1645/6 17.18g, worn and corroded

NMGW-A1CE3E: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin House of Constantine nummus GLORIA EXERCITVS; one-standard type Uncertain mint (c. AD 335-40) possibly irregular 1.24g, corroded

NMGW-A1ECC1: COIN
A copper alloy Roman nummus of House of Valentinian (AD 364-378), dating to the period AD 364-378 (Reece Period 19). SECVRITAS REI PVBLICAE reverse type, depicting Victory advancing left, holding wreath and palm. Unclear mint. 1.12g, corroded

NMGW-A2003F: COIN
A copper alloy Roman nummus of Arcadius (AD 383-408), dating to the period AD 388-395 (Reece Period 21). VICTORIA AVGGG reverse type, depicting Victory advancing left, holding wreath and palm. Unclear mint. 0.78g, corroded

NMGW-A2B832: STRAP END
Late medieval copper alloy strap-end of 15th century date The strap-end is of Crescentic type and is incomplete, missing the end of the terminal and the back-plate (with a surviving length 42.0mm, a thickness of 2.8mm and a weight of 8.1g). The missing back-plate was secured with four separate rivets, which remain in place. The rear of the crescent is recessed to accommodate the strap. The strap-end has a sub-oval aperture (17.1mm wide), open at the top. The crescentic area (with a maximum width of 31.0mm) has geometric incised decoration, probably letters for a brief inscription in Blackletter script, now difficult to read. Some of the letters are enhanced with rocker-arm decoration and the area probably represents the roots of the tree or bush. The incomplete terminal (with a surviving length of 16mm and a width of 21.5mm) has cast decoration and a number of small apertures and represents the branches and foliage of the tree or bush. The surface is corroded with a dark-brown patina.

NMGW-A2DAB6: TOKEN
Post medieval copper alloy token Farthing token of Io Amyes, Leadenhall Street, London (1650-1669) IO.AYMES.OYLEMAN.IN; three arrows LEADENHALL.STREET A / I.S. BW London 1643 0.98g

NMGW-A2EEDE: STRAP END
Copper alloy openwork probable strap-end, of late medieval date. The mount is incomplete, broken at one end and possibly also broken at the other (with a surviving length of 32.2mm and a weight of 10.7g). The wider end is straight and is the thickest surviving part of the mount (with a width of 25.1mm and a thickness of 4.2mm) and appears to be near-complete but is corroded. The end is decorated on both faces with diagonal incised marks; on the front face, the marks are cut through a rounded rib, while on the rear fewer marks are cut through the edge. The sides are convex (reaching a maximum width of 28.3mm where the mount has a thickness of 2.7mm) forming an openwork D-shaped panel. The edges are enhanced with notches and the interior contains a geometric design possibly representing a letter S in a gothic script and incorporating two circular holes at each end (of 2mm diameter), probably holes to accommodate attachment rivets. Beyond the D-shaped openwork panel, the mount narrows (to 15.4mm) before widening to a linear bar (21.3mm wide). The mount thins on both faces (to 1.0mm) beyond the bar, across which it has broken. See a comparable example in Egan in Griffiths et al. (2007, 139; pl. 24, no. 1621).

NMGW-A35086: STRAP FITTING
Post medieval copper alloy sword belt fitting of 16th to 17th century date The fitting is near-complete, missing one of the hooked mounts, with the remaining two mounts corroded against the plate (with a length of 68.5mm and a weight of 37.4g). The plate mount (2.4mm thick) has trefoil terminals with a perforation at each terminal and at the centre (3.0mm diameter). The mount is decorated on its face with moulded vegetal and floral scrolls. The top edge is of undulating form while the base has three integral suspension loops, each of which contains the separate hooked mounts (48.8mm and 51.1mm long). The hooked mounts are closed at the rear, in a terminal knop while the distal end terminal is of trefoil form (21.8mm wide). The hooked mounts were attached with an iron rivet near each end, two of which remain in place. The fragmentary hooked mount has broken through the proximal attachment hole. The surface is heavily corroded with a pale-green corrosion.

NMGW-A3FE9A: COSMETIC MORTAR
Roman copper alloy cosmetic mortar of 1st or 2nd century AD date The cosmetic mortar is of end-looped type and is incomplete, missing the loop and the opposite terminal (with a surviving length of 57.7mm, an overall surviving depth of 10mm and a weight of 13.0g). The top edge is damaged and eroded (with a maximum surviving height of 8.4mm). The damaged loop remains as a stub projecting beneath the terminal (with a surviving length of 6.9mm and an internal diameter of approximately 4mm). The sides of the bow are convex across both their length and height (producing a maximum width of 9.6mm) with a U-shaped section and the characteristic bowed shape. The bow thins towards the unlooped end and is damaged and truncated. The central groove has a U-shaped profile (with a surviving length of 49mm, a maximum width of 6.8mm and a depth of 3.9mm). There are no decorative mouldings discernible on the mortar and any applied decoration is now lost. The surface is heavily-corroded with a dark-brown patina and elsewhere has a dark-green corrosion. This find represents only the eleventh known example, that the author is aware of, recorded from Wales. Five are listed in Jackson's (1985) catalogue (three from Powys, one from Newport and one from the Vale of Glamorgan). Since Jackson's catalogue the author is aware of an additional example from Powys and a further three examples from the Vale of Glamorgan , which with this example is perhaps beginning to suggest a clustering in Powys and the Vale of Glamorgan. 1. Jackson R., 1985, Cosmetic sets from Late Iron Age and Roman Britain; Britannia 16, 165-92 2. PAS database reference: NMGW-8DE8D5 3. PAS database reference: NMGW-DEDA73, NMWPA 2007.200.1 & NMWPA 2010.3.1

NMGW-AB3673: HARNESS FITTING
Roman copper alloy harness fitting: terret of 1st or 2nd century AD date The cast terret is of strap-mounted type and is complete (with an overall length of 53.2mm, a maximum width of 52.8mm, maximum internal dimensions of 37.4mm x 16mm and a weight of 53.0g). The basal loop is integral and sub-rectangular (21.5mm wide and 8.5mm deep with internal dimensions of 13.4mm x 4.2mm) and with a sub-rectangular to oval sectioned frame (5.5mm wide and 4mm thick). Above the loop there is an oval moulding (7.5mm long and 12.6mm wide) with a convex upper edge (7.4mm deep). Above the moulding, the hoop is flat and rectangular-sectioned but somewhat irregular in width and thickness (with a thickness of 2.7mm – 5.9mm). The hoop is widest at its base (at 10mm) and gradually narrows towards its apex (to 5.5mm). On the interior of the hoop are decorative opposing ‘C’ scrolls with a bifurcating tope edge. No applied decoration is evident on the terret. Areas of wear are discernible on the inside of the hoop, particularly to one side of the apex. The surface has a dark-green patina with some finishing striations evident beneath the patina. The terret is comparatively elaborate compared to many recovered examples of strap-mounted terrets, which tend to have few decorative features and is difficult to closely parallel. Note: The record was written before Lewis’ (2015) typology was published. Using Lewis’ typology this terret may be assigned to the “Dropped Bar” type, which belongs to the imported types group, firmly dating terrets of this type to the 1st and 2nd centuries post Claudian invasion.

NMGW-B69028: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy brooch of Developed T-shaped type The brooch is fragmentary, represented by the damaged head and upper bow only (with a surviving length of 14.3mm, a surviving depth of 8.4mm and a weight of 4.8g). The missing pin was hinged within tubular wings, now truncated on one side (with a surviving width of 31.0mm and a diameter of 3.9mm - 5.2mm). There is the suggestion of a vertical groove near the surviving wing terminal, now heavily corroded but no other decoration is now evident. There is the base of the damaged integral chain loop present on the head (8.5mm wide and 1.5mm thick). The bow turns sharply from the head and the upper-bow is of shallow U-shaped section with a hollowed back (10.5mm wide and 2.1mm thick). The sides of the upper-bow are straight and parallel as far as the break. The front of the bow was decorated with a square, divided into four triangular cells by a diagonal cross. None of the enamel now survives with the cells. The surface has a dark-green patina with areas of green corrosion.

NMGW-253DE8: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of T-shaped type and of 1st or 2nd century AD date The brooch is incomplete, missing the lower part of the leg, the catch-plate and pin (with a surviving length of 31.3mm, a surviving depth of 8.5mm and a weight of 3.7g). The missing pin was hinged within D-shaped section, tubular wings (4.5mm high) with a copper alloy axis bar. The wings are truncated (with a surviving width of 25.0mm) and were decorated near the terminals with grooves. There is a stub at the head, suggesting an integral chain-loop, now lost. The upper bow is of rectangular section with straight sides, gradually converging towards the mid-bow (with a width and thickness near the head of 9.0mm and 1.6mm respectively). There is a sub-circular recess below the head (4.4mm diameter and 2.3mm deep), which would have held a setting or enamel, now lost. There is a slight raised border around the setting. Below the setting, the bow is of D-shaped section, with straight sides converging to the break. The bow was decorated with a midrib in sunken relief, now worn and corroded. The rear of the bow is flat and there is no evidence for the catch-plate surviving on the rear. The surface has a dark-green patina with areas of surface loss.

NMGW-261F3C: HARNESS PENDANT
Medieval enamelled copper alloy harness pendant of 13th or 14th century date The shield-shaped pendant is corroded but is near-complete (with an overall length of 36.4mm and a weight of 6.7g). The pendant was hinged to a missing suspension mount by the loop at the apex (10.5mm high, 6.9mm deep and 1.9mm - 4.0mm thick) with a circular perforation containing the remnants of the iron hinge-pin. The shield-shaped pendant (26.1mm long, 22.5mm wide and 2.1mm thick) is gently convex. The decorative device is heraldic, comprising a diagonal band (bend), within which none of the enamel has survived. The diagonal appears to be flanked on each side with a narrower wavy line (cotised wavy), also free of enamel. The top and right area of the shield has green (Vert) enamel and the lower left part has red (gules) enamel. ? bend, cotised wavy benlets, vert chief, gules base The surface is poorly preserved with a pale green corrosion and elsewhere the surface has been stripped to the brown metal It has not been possible to associate a family with the heraldic device.

NMGW-A2FF20: COIN
A very worn copper alloy Stater attributed to the Durotriges of the South Western region, Cottam's (2010) Hod Hill type (ABC 2175). BM2790ff; Mack 318. 2.008g corroded.

NMGW-A38CD3: COIN
A copper alloy Roman nummus (maiorina) of Constans (AD 333-350) dating to the period AD 348-350 (Reece Period 18). FEL TEMP REPARATIO reverse type, depicting the emperor standing left on a galley, holding a standard and Victory or a phoenix, with Victory steering. Mint of Aquileia. 5.227g.

NMGW-B7CE52: BROOCH
Medieval annular brooch frame, probably of 13th or 14th century date The frame is complete although the surface has been lost. The frame is circular with a diameter of 16.6mm (internal diameter of 11.6mm), a thickness of 1.5mm and weighs 0.7g. The rear of the frame is bevelled and plain. The pin restriction has a width of 2.1mm and the bar has a diameter of 1.7mm. The opposite side of the frame has no notch for the pin. The front of the brooch was decorated with raised delicate ribbing, possibly forming letters to define a legend but now difficult to discern. The brooch frame has poor surface preservation, a small area of gilding survives near the pin restriction.

NMGW-5D7FC7: COIN
Post Medieval copper alloy coin weight of late 17th century date, brass weight for a gold pistole of Louis XIV of France, English Unkown maker (Witrus 1297) 5.98g.

NMGW-89FC33: SPATULA
Roman copper alloy spatula handle of 2nd to early 3rd century date The spatula handle is near-complete, although the detail is eroded. The handle is of Feugère (1995) Type A5. The handle has a length of 67.2mm, a maximum width across the shoulders of 18.6mm, a maximum thickness of 15.4mm and a weight of 43.4g. The helmet differs from other recorded examples in being three-dimensional with concave sides and a wide central groove at the rear. The helmet widens around the head (15.5mm x 15.4mm). Surface detail on the figure has been lost but the top of the garments are discernible below the neck. The figure thins near the base to produce an ergonomic handle. The blade was secured within a (now damaged) V-shaped opening at the base of the handle. Above the blade attachment is a horizontal moulding. The handle has poor surface preservation, small areas of brown patina survive on the rear, and elsewhere the surface is pale to mid-green.

NMGW-8AEF15: COIN
A copper alloy Roman as or dupondius of an uncertain ruler, dating to the period AD 41-250. Uncertain reverse type. Unclear mint. 7.810g corroded and worn

NMGW-DCA438: TOKEN
Post medieval coper ally token Charles I (1625-49) 'Rose' type royal farthing token (1636-9) 0.83g, corroded

NMGW-DD2C4E: BROOCH
Early medieval copper-alloy long brooch of cruciform type and of Early Anglo-Saxon date, probably of mid-5th to mid-6th century date. The brooch is fragmentary, represented by the incomplete head and bow only (with a surviving length of 45.7mm, a depth of 16.8mm and a weight of 12.4g). The missing spring was secured around a single pierced lug on the rear of the central panel. Traces of iron corrosion around the lug indicate that an iron spring and pin were used. The head is incomplete, missing one side knob and much of the wing with an ancient break and rounding of fractures possibly suggesting evidence of burning (with a surviving width of 34.5mm and an original width of approximately 45mm). The top knob and remaining side knob are integral to the head and are have globular terminals, flat on the rear. The top knob is marked by three ribs adjacent to central panel, while the side knob has a double rib. The surviving wing appears to have had projections at its base and top but there is no applied decoration evident on the brooch fragment. The central panel is slightly raised from the wings (with a thickness of 2.2mm compared to 1.6mm). There is a transverse moulding at the top of the bow, now worn and corroded. The bow (with a width of 10.4mm) has some faceting to produce a central ridge and has broken before the foot. The surface has a pale-to-mid-green patina.

NMGW-DDEC77: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Probably a radiate from c. 270 - 300, possibly irregular but little of the design survives 1.12g, corroded

NMGW-DE1B24: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Probably an irregular radiate from c. 275 - 285, details uncertain 0.53g, corroded

NMGW-DE2E36: BUCKLE
Medieval copper alloy buckle of sub-rectangular form and of mid-14th to mid-15th century date The buckle frame and pin are present but it is unclear if there was a plate. The trapezoidal frame is comparatively small (with a length of 13.3mm, a width of 11.5mm and a weight of 1.1g). The outside edge is expanded (4.0mm wide and 2.7mm thick) and has three grooves, the larger groove at the centre is to accommodate the pin. The sides are narrow (0.8mm wide) and slightly convex and convergent to the bar. The sheet copper alloy pin is simply looped around the bar and open at the rear. The surface is heavily corroded with a pale-green corrosion.

NMGW-DE4221: BUCKLE
Medieval copper alloy buckle of annular type and of mid-13th to mid-15th century date The buckle frame is circular (32.5mm external diameter, 24.7mm internal diameter and weighing 10.6g) and is of sub-circular section (3.7mm - 4.3mm diameter). Faceting on the inside of the frame may be the result of wear from a strap. There is no pin restriction on the frame. The pin is complete (with a length of 34.9mm) and has an open loop around the frame, now truncated and is narrowest at the rear of the loop, gradually widening towards the shaft (with a diameter of 9.1mm - 10.8mm and a width of 3.7mm - 4.3mm) and with a moulding at its base. The pin is of rounded, D-shaped section. The surface is corroded with a grey-green patina.

NMGW-DE5652: JETTON
Post Medieval copper alloy jetton Nuremburg, Stock type of 16th century date, probably Hans Schultes

NMGW-DF6C6A: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Irregular radiate (c. AD 275-85) copying Victorinus / Invictus (Sol) with design transposed in the copying 12.5mm 0.40g

NMGW-DF98E5: COIN
A copper alloy Roman nummus, possibly of the House of Valentinian (AD 364-378), dating to the period AD 364-378 (Reece Period 19). Possibly SECVRITAS REI PVBLICAE reverse type, depicting Victory advanging left, holding wreath and palm. Unclear mint. 1.32g, corroded

NMGW-DFC5D8: MOUNT
Medieval copper alloy belt or strap mount The mount is of domed form and is incomplete missing one of the terminals and rivets (with a surviving length of 16.6mm and a weight of 2.6g). The mount was attached using two integral rivets, one of which survives (with a length of 4.2mm, giving the mount an overall depth of 8.5mm). The Mount was oval (with a maximum width of 10.1mm) with a flat border and an oval domed centre. The rear of the mount is slightly dished. No applied decoration survives on the surface, which has a dark green patina.

NMGW-E08DFF: BUCKLE
Medieval copper alloy buckle of rectangular form and of mid-14th to mid-15th century date The buckle is represented by the rectangular frame only is comparatively small (with a length of 13.1mm, a width of 11.3mm and a weight of 0.7g). The outside edge is expanded but thinner than the sides (3.7mm wide and 1.8mm thick) and does not have a groove to accommodate the pin but there is a possible area of wear from the pin. The sides are narrow (0.8mm wide) and very slightly convex and convergent to the bar. The surface is corroded with a dark grey-green patina. The slight thinning of the outside edge may suggest the frame is from a folding strap clasp of mid-13th to mid-15th century date.

NMGW-E0A206: TOKEN
Post medieval copper alloy token Anonymous half penny token 1795 York Minster / Clifford's Tower, York Dalton & Hamer; Yorks. 63

NMGW-E0C743: COIN
Iron Age copper alloy coin 'Thurrock' type cast potin Head to left / butting bull Cf BMCIA 660 ff Probably of Late 2nd century to Early 1st century BC date 2.39g

NMGW-E0E1B3: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Constans Caesar (AD 333-7), nummus, Lyon GLORIA EXERCITVS; two-standard type //*SLC = cf RIC VII Lyon 265 (c. 333-4) 1.48g, corroded

NMGW-E0F263: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Constantine II Caesar (AD 317-37) nummus, Trier GLORIA EXERCITVS; two-standard type //TR.P = RIC VII Tr. 539 (c. 330-5) 1.54g, corroded

NMGW-E1162E: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Constantine I (AD 307-37) nummus, Trier SOLI INVICTO COMITI + F //PTR = RIC VII Trier 875 (c. 310-13) 3.26g

NMGW-E20DF9: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Irregular radiate (c. AD 270-85) Obverse: IMPCC[ ]; radiate head Reverse: possibly Sol as INVICTVS; type of Victorinus (Gaul 249-71) 1.18g, 17mm max., corroded

NMGW-E21D6B: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Constantine I (AD 307-37) nummus SOLI INVICTO COMITI; mint uncertain, possibly London (c. 310-17) 1.49g, corroded and incomplete

NMGW-E22B96: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin URBS ROMA nummus (c. AD 330-5) Reverse: wolf and twins; uncertain mint 1.12g, cut down

NMGW-1C4600: BUCKLE
Late Medieval copper alloy buckle of 15th century date The buckle is incomplete, missing the majority of the frame and the back-plate (with a length of 55.5mm and a weight of 10.4g). The frame was likely to have been of oval form (with a surviving length of 10.0mm and a surviving width of 30.2mm) and is of sub-rectangular section (3.7mm wide and 3.2mm thick) decorated, at least on the sides with transverse grooves. The circular-sectioned copper alloy pin survives (with a length of 33.5mm and a diameter of 2.5mm), secured in an oval aperture behind the frame, where the buckle narrows (to 16.8mm with a thickness of 2.5mm). A transverse rib marks the beginning of the integral, hollow strap plate. The sides of the plate are straight and divergent to the attachment end (where they have a width of 25.5mm and a thickness of 4.0mm). The strap was enclosed with a separate back plate, now lost and secured with four separate copper alloy rivets, one of which now survives. The front of the plate has geometric incised decoration within a linear border, probably letters for a brief inscription in Blackletter script, now difficult to read. The interior of the letters are filled with incised hatching. The surface has remnants of white-metal coating, surviving on the plate and bar.

Medieval copper alloy buckle frame of mid-12th to 14th century date The buckle frame is oval with ornate outside edge and is missing the pin (with a length of 18.5mm and a weight of 3.2g). The outside edge is expanded and of sub-triangular section (18.5mm long, 5.8mm wide and 4.7mm thick) and decorated on the front and rear with fine ribs and grooves. A pair of ribs near the centre flank a central groove which would have been a notch for the pin. The sides are convex (giving the buckle a width of 18.8mm) and of sub-rectangular section (3.3mm thick and 1.8mm wide). The sub-square-sectioned bar (2.3mm square) is narrowed and offset. The surface has a consistent dark-green patina.

NMGW-1C7664: BOOK FITTING
Late medieval copper alloy rectangular hooked clasp, probably from a book, of Howsam type A.4.1. It is made from sheet copper alloy (1.0mm thick), is near-complete and is comparatively large (with a length of 53.8mm and a weight of 11.2g). The hook (17.0mm wide) is turned to the underside (with a depth of 7.8mm). The sides of the mount are straight and parallel (with a width of 36.4mm) and the unhooked end has two chevrons cut in. The sides are decorated with a linear border containing hatched incised lines. The two chevrons are also enhanced with incised marks. There are two open decorative circular holes (4.4mm diameter) placed near the hooked end. The mount was attached using two separate copper-alloy rivets, which remain in place (with a length of 4.6mm and a diameter of 2.4mm). The surface has pale-green patina on the front face and areas of black-patina on the reverse, less finished face.

NMGW-1DE726: HARNESS FITTING
Late Iron Age copper alloy terret, probably of 1st century BC to 1st century AD date The terret is fragmentary, represented by the bar and lower part of the hoop on one side (with a surviving height of 27.5mm, a surviving width of 28.5mm and a weight of 9.0g). The terret has broken across the bar on one side and across the hoop on the other. The hoop was oval sectioned (with a width and thickness at the break of 5.1mm and 4.6mm respectively). The hoop gradually widens as it approaches the bar (producing a maximum width and thickness of 8.2mm and 9.5mm respectively). There is the suggestion of a moulding at the base of the hoop (7mm long), now heavily worn and corroded but possibly enhanced with a central groove. The bar is of pointed tanged form and is rectangular sectioned (12.7mm long and 3.6 -4.4mm thick) with a curved, concave top edge and appears to have broken near the hoop (with a surviving length of 11mm along the top edge). The surface is poorly preserved and has largely been lost with no decoration surviving on the remnants of the dark-brown patina. Elsewhere the surface has corroded grey-brown to green. The fragment suggests a terret of comparatively small form, with a suggested internal diameter of approximately 33mm.

Roman copper alloy coin Marcus Aurelius (AD 161-80) sestertius, Rome Reverse: Victory with shield: VIC / PAR RIC 931 (c. AD 166) 18.83g, corroded

NMGW-373B5B: JETTON
Medieval copper alloy jetton French 15th century

NMGW-3768A7: TOKEN
Post medieval copper alloy token *BALA IN IN ME.R-IONETHSHIR HER/PENY/1D *IANE THOM-A-S.MERCER IT /* 1.29g, corroded

NMGW-378AFD: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of T-shaped type and of 1st or 2nd century AD date The brooch in incomplete, missing the pin, chain-loop and catch (with a surviving length of 40.1mm, a surviving depth of 11.6mm and a weight of 6.5g). The missing pin was hinged within tubular wings, now truncated (with a surviving width of 21.3mm) with a copper alloy axis bar. The wings are of D-shaped section (4.7mm x 4.2mm) and were decorated on the fronts but now largely lost through corrosion but with a vertical rib near the terminal. At the head is the stub of an integral chain-loop. The upper bow is of D-shaped or sub-triangular section (with a width at the head of 8.0mm and a thickness of 4.8mm) with straight sides, gradually converging to the foot. The front of the bow is decorated with two columns of three triangular cells, which would have held enamel; traces of red enamel survives in one of the cells. The mid bow has a ribbed button with any other detail now lost. The leg is of D-shaped section and nay decoration in now corroded. The foot projects to the forward slightly. The catch-plate is truncated but survives on the rear of the leg. The surface is heavily pitted and corroded with traces of a dark-brown patina and a mid-green corrosion.

NMGW-4766D9: MOUNT
Medieval copper alloy heraldic mount of 13th or 14th century date The mount is of shield-shaped form and is complete but with a slight distortion (with a length of 35.8mm, a width of 29.7mm, a thickness of 2.2mm and a weight of 13.7g). The mount was attached by a single integral rivet on the reverse which has been folded for attachment (with a height of 3.6mm and an overall depth of 7.0mm). The face is decorated with a recessed lion rampant containing traces of red enamel. The head is unusual and appears to be recumbent and may possibly have been horned. No trace of applied colouring survives elsewhere on the shield but the copper alloy colour when new may have suggested a gold colour (or a lion rampant gules). The surface now has a dark-green patina.

NMGW-47B7A6: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Constantinopolis nummus (c. AD 330-5) Reverse: Victory on prow //U. [P/S LC] = Lyon mint; RIC Lyon 256 2.45g, corroded

NMGW-482F6E: WEIGHT
Post Medieval English copper alloy trade weight London, Elizabeth I (1590-1603), probably originally a quarter-ounce weight 5.22g

NMGW-487432: BLADE
Middle Bronze Age bronze blade, possibly a dirk of Group IV blade with a damaged butt. The dirk is incomplete with some peripheral damage to the butt (with a length of 124.3mm and a weight of 29.3g). The shoulders are eroded but appear to have been comparatively broad (with a surviving width of 48.2mm) and is better preserved on one side. The original form of the hilt is now uncertain although it may have been of trapezoidal form with differential corrosion to the apex of the butt, which now has convergent sides. There are no definite rivet holes evident but there is a notch at the central apex, which may have aided the hafting or attachment. The butt is thinned (with a thickness at the apex of 0.6mm) and may have been reworked. Below the shoulders, the sides are concave and convergent (for approximately 26mm). The blade is then near straight and convergent (for approximately 17mm with a width of 26-18mm) after which, the blade is straight and only slightly convergent before the tip. The blade is of lozenge section and gradually thickens to reach a maximum near the tip (of 4.1mm). The blade edge has been lost and is now rounded. The surface is heavily-pitted and corroded with a dark-brown to black patina and with an area of pale-green corrosion. There is no surviving evidence for a hilt mark on the surface The corrosion makes it difficult to confidently identify the blade typologically with the scheme as outlined by Burgess and Gerloff (1981) but would seem to best fit the Group IV weapons with damaged or reworked butts. Group IV blades belong to Taunton to Penard Metalworking industry of the Middle Bronze Age, corresponding with Needham's (1996) Period 5, dated to 1500 - 1150BC. 1. Burgess C.B. & Gerloff S., 1981; The Dirks and Rapiers of Great Britain and Ireland, Praähistorische Bronzefunde Abteilung IV. Band 7. 2. Needham, S. 1996; Chronology and Periodisation in the British Bronze Age, Acta Archaeologica 67, p. 121-140

NMGW-48B7BE: SEAL MATRIX
Medieval copper alloy seal matrix of 13th to 14th century date The seal is of pointed-oval form and is near complete, missing the suspension loop at the rear (with a length of 28.7mm, a width of 18.8mm, a surviving depth of 3.9mm, a thickness of 3.5mm and a weight of 7.0g). The stub of the loop is evident at the apex of the rear and elsewhere the rear in not decorated but is concave across its width. The edges are bevelled towards the seal face. The seal die is worn and corroded but has a central device depicting a bird. The bird is depicted in side-profile and is not in flight. The bird appears to be carrying an object in its beak probably a three-branched sprig. The encircling legend is now difficult to decipher and interpret but may read: * S' I O n I W I L O [ ] V n a P O It is possible to suggest the name William was incorporated into the legend. The surface has a grey-brown patina.

NMGW-48D1BD: MOUNT
Copper alloy openwork mount, possibly a harness mount strap fastener of Roman date The mount is complete (with a length of 42.7mm and a weight of 6.0g) but would be of composite form with a bar to attach to corresponding keyhole part (not present). The terminal has a protruding sub-rectangular sectioned tongue above the raised bar (with a width of 14.8mm, a length of 4.6mm and with an overall depth of 4.7mm). The upper edge of the bar is convex while the lower edge is near flat. A further strip below the bar leads to the mount (1.4mm - 1.7mm thick), decorated with an undulating edge and C-shaped edge cut-outs. At the centre is a circular aperture (7.5mm diameter) flanked by the attachment holes (2.5mm diameter) for separate rivets (now missing). The basal edge is straight, slightly thickened and wider that the rest of the mount (with a width of 17.9mm and a thickness of 1.8mm), enhanced with central incised line. The surface has remnants of a green patina over the stripped brown surface. The mount resembles male strap fasteners of Roman military harness mounts although the style of decoration is difficult to parallel. Bar-and-keyhole strap fasteners have been dated from the mid-1st and 2nd centuries AD.

A copper alloy contemporary copy of a Roman dupondius of Postumus (AD 260-269), dating to the period AD 260-269 (Reece Period 13). VICTORIA AVG reverse type, depicting Victory, winged, draped, walking left, holding wreath in right hand and palm in left hand. Copying Gallic Mint. cf. RIC V Postumus 233. P. Bastien, Le monnayage de bronze de Postume, Wetteren; 1967 no. 308 (same dies) 4.27g

NMGW-490CEF: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Tetricus I In Gaul (AD 271-4) radiate COMES AVG; cf Cunetio 2602 2.65g, corroded

Roman copper alloy coin Tetricus I In Gaul (AD 271-4) radiate Uncertain reverse 1.36g, corroded

NMGW-4938BB: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Tetricus II In Gaul (AD 273-4) radiate Probably PRINC IVVENT 2.21g, corroded

Roman copper alloy coin Constantine I (AD 307-37) nummus, London (c. 310-3) PRINCIPI IVVENTVTIS - * //PLN RIC VI, Lon. 219 3.46g

Roman copper alloy coin Crispus Caesar (AD 317-26) nummus, London (c. 321) BEATA TRANQVILLITAS; Altar P A //PLON RIV VI Lon. 213-5 2.01g, corroded

NMGW-497AB8: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Constantine II Caesar (AD 317-37) nummus, London VIRTVS EXERCIT; standard and two captives //PLON RIC VII Lon. 190 (c. 320-1) 1.55g, corroded

NMGW-4A9E1A: BROOCH
Copper alloy bow brooch of unusual form and possibly of Roman date, c. 1st or 2nd century AD date but also possibly a modern pastiche The brooch is near complete, missing the pin (with a length of 55.5mm, a depth of 20.7mm and a weight of 6.5g) and has been forged from a copper alloy strip rather than cast. The missing pin was hinged within a rolled head, comprising the bow simply turned internally with a slot to accommodate the pin. The bow is a simple rectangular sectioned strip (8.7mm wide at the head and 1.0mm thick). The sides are straight and gradually convergent to the pointed foot. There is no discernible decoration on the bow. The forged catch-plate is as wide as the leg, with a comparatively short catch (8.5mm long). The surface has a light, pale-green corrosion overlying the red-brown metal. The simple brooch form is crude with few decorative aspects and is difficult to parallel. While its features suggest a Roman period bow brooch, it is also possible that the brooch is of a modern date, influenced by Roman brooches.

NMGW-4AB3F9: MOUNT
Iron Age to Roman copper alloy enamelled looped mount or stud, probably of 1st century BC to 2nd century AD date The cast mount is heavily corroded but near-complete and is of sub circular, domed form (with a diameter of 16.9mm - 18.8mm and a weight of 5.9g). The rear has an integral loop (giving an overall depth of 10.4mm), comprising a pierced rectangular lug (9.4mm long, 6.1mm high and 3.6mm thick) with an oval aperture (3.9mm long and 2.9mm wide). Otherwise the rear of the mount is hollowed. The front of the mount is domed (with a depth of 6.2mm) and has a recessed cell containing red enamel in the form of triskele with expanded terminals. The original surface does not survive and any applied decoration to the surface has been lost. The surface is heavily-pitted with a pale green corrosion and areas of dark-green patina. Analysis to ascertain the composition of the metal was attempted using X-ray fluorescence, the results are not semi-quantitative but indicate that the alloy is a leaded bronze and the enamel is 'sealing wax' red enamel consistent with Iron Age enamel and metal. The mount's decoration and composition is consistent with late Iron Age or early Roman metalwork although the button-like form is unusual. It seems reasonable to suggest the mount may have decorated harness fittings, or personal adornment and may have been a variation of the button-and-loop type fasteners.

NMGW-4B0A9D: JETTON
Post medieval copper alloy jetton Nuremburg, late 16th - early 17th century. 'Stock Type', probably from Hans Krauwinckel Corroded

NMGW-4C33DE: BUCKLE
Medieval copper alloy buckle of annular type and of mid-13th to mid-15th century date The buckle frame is sub-circular and comparatively large (with an external diameter of 43.6mm - 44.8mm, an internal diameter of 37mm and weighing 12.0g) and is of oval section (3.6mm wide and 2.4mm - 3.0mm thick). Faceting on the inside of the frame may be the result of wear from a strap. There is no pin restriction on the frame or applied decoration. The pin is complete (with a length of 48.0mm) and has an open loop around the frame, now worn and is narrowest at the rear of the loop, widening towards the shaft (with a diameter of 9mm and a width of 3.6mm ) and with a four-ribbed moulding at its base. The pin shaft is of sub-rectangular section. The surface has a dark-grey patina, suggesting an alloy with comparatively high levels of tin or lead.

NMGW-4C93BD: HARNESS MOUNT
Copper alloy hinged mount, probably a harness pendant suspension mount of 12th or early 13th century date The suspension mount is complete (with a length of 21.6mm and a weight of 2.9g) but the harness pendant is not present. The mount was attached using a single integral square-sectioned rivet on the rear (with an overall distorted depth of 7.5mm). The rivet is on the rear of the circular domed, upper part of the mount (with a diameter of 9.9mm and a depth of 2.4mm). The front is decorated with three radial incised lines. A transverse rib separated the mount from the hinge. The hinge (with a maximum width of 11.7mm and a depth of 4.9mm) is formed from folding the sheet to the rear with a slot to accommodate the pendant around an iron axis bar (of 2.4mm diameter). The surface is corroded pale-green with traces of gilding surviving in areas.

NMGW-71E30E: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Domitian (AD 81-96) dupondius, Rome Rev.: FORTVNAE AVGVSTI; Fortuna standing facing left 15.37g, corroded

NMGW-71F3F7: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Constantine I (AD 307-37) nummus VICTORIAE LAETAE PRINCP PERP; two victories and alter //PLN = London RIC VII Lon. 156 (c. 319) 2.70g

Roman copper alloy coin URBS RROMA nummus Constantine issue (AD 330-5) Rev.: Wolf and twins //.PLC = Lyon mint RIC VII Lyon 247 2.40g

NMGW-725DED: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Claudius II (AD 268-70) radiate, Rome Reverse, probably: SECVRIT AVG Cf. Normanby 984ff 3.52g

Roman copper alloy coin Victorinus (AD 269-71) in Gaul radiate Reverse: blank or mis-struck 1.03g

Roman copper alloy coin Tetricus II (AD 273-4) son of Tetricus I, usurper in Gaul (AD 271-4) radiate PAX AVG Cunetio 2613 2.60g

NMGW-72C1FD: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Constans (AD 337-50) nummus VICTORIAE DD AVGG Q NN; two victories Leaf//TRS = Trier (340-9) RIC VIII Trier 185 1.28g

NMGW-72D77E: COIN
A copper alloy Roman nummus (maiorina) of Decentius (AD 350-353), dating to the period AD 351-353 (Reece Period 18). VICTORIAE DD NN AVG ET CAE reverse type, depicting two Victories, winged, draped, standing facing each other, holding between them wreath inscribed VOT/V/MVLT/X. Mint of Lyon. RIC VIII Lyon 137. 3.92g

NMGW-72EAB2: COIN
A copper alloy Roman nummus of Valentinian I (AD 364-75), dating to the period AD 367-375 (Reece Period 19). GLORIA ROMANORVM reverse type, depicting the Emperoro advancing right, holding a standard and dragging a captive. Mint of Arles. LRBC ii 506. 2.38g

NMGW-72FAFC: COIN
A copper alloy Roman nummus of Valentinian I (AD 364-375), dating to the period AD 367-375 (Reece Period 19). SECVRITAS REI PVBLICAE reverse type, depicting Victory advancing left, holding wreath and palm. MInt of Rome. LRBC ii 724. 2.40g

NMGW-730C2A: COIN
A copper alloy Roman nummus of Valens (AD 364-378), dating to the period AD 364-367 (Reece Period 19). GLORIA ROMANORVM reverse type, depicting the Emperor advancing right, holding a standard and dragging a captive. Mint of Lyon. LRBC ii 294 2.71g

NMGW-732FA2: COIN
A copper alloy Roman nummus of Gratian (AD 367-383), dating to the period AD 367-375 (Reece Period 19). GLORIA NOVI SAECVLI reverse type, depicting Gratian standing, holding a standard and shield. Mint of Arles. LRBC ii 529 2.36g

NMGW-733C5F: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Severus Alexander (AD 222-235) sestertius, Rome P M TR P X - COS III PP; Sol standing facing left RIC 513 (AD 231) 21.43g

NMGW-73696D: PURSE
Late medieval to post medieval copper alloy purse bar probably of 16th century date The purse is represented by the loop and the bar (with a weight of 56.3g) and is of Ward Perkins (1940, p 168) Type B1. The loop is sub-oval and slightly distorted (with an overall length of 56.0mm and a width near the top of 20.2mm) and converges to its base. There are three decorative ribs above the shank. The shank has been peened over a broad washer (10.4mm diameter) at the base, to secure it within the central block. The central block is rounded, sub-rectangular (16.2mm wide, 9.0mm high and 13.2mm thick). There is no surviving evidence of applied decoration on the block. The bar is comparatively short (at 50.2mm) and is decorated with cast ribbed mouldings (with a diameter of 6.0mm - 7.2mm). The perforated terminals of the frame are present before the bar terminals, secured by riveted globular washers. The surface is corroded with a mid to dark-green patina. The purse bar corresponds with Ward Perkins Type B1, which he parallels with purse representations on early-to-mid-16th century brasses. 1. Ward Perkins, J.B., 1940, London Museum Medieval Catalogue

NMGW-7384A9: UNIDENTIFIED OBJECT
Copper alloy object, possibly a surgical implement of Roman date The object is fragmentary, broken or cut on one end and is slightly distorted (with a distorted length of 118.6mm and a weight of 2.4g). Approximately half of the abject is circular-sectioned (1.6mm diameter) and the other half is flattened with a subtle midrib on one face and flat on the opposite face (with a width of 2.7mm and a thickness of 1.2mm). The midrib ends before the break, where the object is slightly thicker (at 1.9mm) possibly because of cutting with a pliers or similar tool. The surface has been stripped and is now bronze coloured with both silver and copper coloured patches. The object has few diagnostic attributes, making it difficult to identify and date

NMGW-7396C1: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of Polden Hill / T-shaped type and of 1st or 2nd century AD date The brooch is fragmentary, represented by the head and upper-bow only (with a surviving length of 21.5mm, a surviving depth of 8.9mm and a weight of 3.4g). The brooch employed a spring mechanism, now lost secured between lateral lugs, now truncated (with a width of 16.9mm) with the chord tensioned by a hook at the head. The bow is of D-shaped section at the head (with a width of 7.9mm and a thickness of 3.1mm) and has straight sides, gradually converging towards the break. The surface has been stripped and is heavily-pitted, with no surviving decoration on the bow or wings.

NMGW-742A36: CUFF LINK
Post medieval copper alloy cufflinks of 17th or early 18th century date The cufflinks are complete and comprise two flanged-rim discs joined by a single copper alloy link (with a weight of 0.9g). The sheet discs are circular (with a diameter of 12.2mm and a thickness of 0.4mm) with an angled flange at the edge (giving a depth of 1.5mm). The fronts of both discs are decorated with a stamped motif of a crown above two hearts on a closely-spaced pelleted field. The rear of each disc has an integral, central pierced lug (giving a depth of 3.7mm) connected to a triple loop link of circular sectioned wire, soldered closed at one end. The disc faces are comparatively free from corrosion, while the rear has a grey-black patina. The motif is thought to have originally commemorated the marriage of Charles II and Catherine of Braganza in 1662 in loyal respect for the restored monarchy but became a long-lived symbol of marital affection.

NMGW-74CB78: JETTON
Post Medieval copper alloy jetton Hans Schultes, Nuremburg (c. 1553-84) Lion of St Mark / Orb in trefoil

NMGW-7534B0: TOKEN
Post medieval copper alloy token Farthing token of Marlborough Town A MARLBOROVGH FARTHING / IN YE COUNTY OF WILT. 1668 BW Wilts. 123 0.85g, corroded

NMGW-75C4D5: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of uncertain type and of 1st or 2nd century AD date The brooch is fragmentary, represented by the distorted leg only (with a surviving length of 37.3mm a surviving depth of 22mm and a weight of 3.4g). The leg is of T-shaped section, with a prominent midrib (3.5mm thick, 1.7mm high and 3.4mm wide at the break). There is no discernible applied decoration on the leg. There a rib and groove before the rounded foot disc. The catch-plate is positioned at the centre of the rear of the leg and begins as a rib beneath the break before it arcs to the catch. The catch is present but is corroded. The fragmentary state of the brooch makes typological identification difficult. The leg form is more commonly seen on Trumpet and allied types.

Roman copper alloy coin Irregular radiate (c. AD 275-85) appears to copy Gallic emperor VICTORINVS (AD 269-71) ; uncertain reverse Max diameter: 15mm 1.25g, incomplete

NMGW-47130D: MOUNT
Medieval copper alloy belt mount of late 13th to mid 15th century date The mount is of domed, sexfoil form with two separate rivets and central hole (with a maximum width of 13.3mm, an overall depth (including rivets) of 4.3mm, a depth (not including rivets) of 2.6mm, a thickness of 0.2mm and a weight of 0.4g). Each the petals of the sexfoil are formed by pressed radiating grooves. At the centre is a raised boss with an off-centre aperture (of 3.4mm diameter). Both rivets remain in place (with a length of 3.9mm) and have domed heads. A sheet metal washer remains in place on one rivets (3.0mm diameter). The surface has a dark-green patina. Belt mounts of similar form and type were recovered from excavations in London (Egan & Pritchard, 1991, p 188-9) from contexts dated to between 1250 and 1450. 1. Egan G. & Pritchard F. 1991; Medieval Finds from Excavations in London: 3; Dress Accessories; Museum Of London

NMGW-DFE87D: MOUNT
Post Medieval copper alloy looped pendant mount probably of late 16th or early 17th century date The mount is near-complete and has a separate annular ring suspended from the loop (with an overall length of 35.8mm, a thickness of 1.2mm and a weight of 2.8g). The upper edge (with a width of 12.1mm) bifurcates slightly and appears to be heavily worn. The sides are straight and convergent to loop at the base. The mount was secured using two iron pins placed off-cenre, the corroded remains of which remain in place. The loop (with a depth of 8.6mm) has a small opening at the rear and is of D-shaped section with straight sides (4.9mm wide). The sub-circular annular ring is worn and corroded (11.3mm diameter) and of oval section (0.9mm - 2.3mm wide and 1.4mm thick). The surface of both parts is worn and pitted with a red brown corrosion. Pendant mounts are believed to have attached swords to a belt (Margesson, 1993, p 38) and this example can be closely paralleled with two examples from Norwich (ibid, nos. 257-8) from 17th century contexts. 1. Margesson, S., 1993; Norwich Households: The Medieval and Post-Medieval Finds from Norwich Survey Excavations 1971-1978; East Anglian Archaeology Report No. 58, 1993

NMGW-DFFFA1: PURSE
Late medieval to post medieval copper alloy purse bar probably of 16th century date The purse is represented by the loop and incomplete bar (with a weight of 15.1g) and is of Ward Perkins (1940, p 168) Type B1. The loop is sub-oval and slightly distorted (with an overall length of 50.3mm and a width near the top of 17.8mm) and converges to its base. There is no surviving decoration at the base of the loop. The shank has been peened over a broad washer (8.9mm diameter), now damaged, at the base to secure it within the central block. The central block is sub-rectangular (16.0mm wide, 9.3mm high and 9.1mm thick). There is the suggestion of an incised chevron decorating the block, now heavily worn and corroded. The incomplete bar was comparatively short (with a surviving width of 39.6mm) and appears to have been decorated with cast ribbed mouldings (with a diameter of 5.3mm). The terminals of the frame are not present but would have been secured by the riveted globular washer. The surface is very heavily corroded with a pale-brown patina and green corrosion. The purse bar corresponds with Ward Perkins Type B1, which he parallels with purse representations on early-to-mid-16th century brasses. 1. Ward Perkins, J.B., 1940, London Museum Medieval Catalogue

NMGW-E03A81: BUCKLE
Medieval copper alloy buckle frame with separate plate of mid-12th to 14th century date The buckle is represented by the oval frame and the fragmentary sheet plate but is missing the pin (with an overall length of 38.7mm and a weight of 3.4g). The buckle frame (with a length of 16.4mm and a weight of 2.2g) is of ornate outside edge type. The outside edge is expanded and of rectangular section (4.3mm wide and 3.6mm thick) and decorated on the front with ribbed mouldings and grooves. A central groove which would defines a notch for the missing pin. The sides are convex (giving the buckle a width of 19.7mm) and of rectangular section (2.9mm thick and 1.8mm wide). The rectangular-sectioned bar (2.3mm x 1.9mm) is narrowed and offset. The surface has a dark-green patina 3with patches of surface loss. The sheet metal plate was folded with a hole, rather than slot to accommodate the pin and is in two fragments, broken behind the bend. The edges are worn but was originally probably rectangular (with a length of 26.5mm, a width of 13.1mm and a thickness of 0.5mm). The plate was secured by two separate rivets, now lost and positioned near the attachment end. The rear plate is shorter than the front. There is no applied decoration evident on either face. The surface has a dark-green patina with a pale-brown corrosion.

NMGW-E051FD: TOKEN
Post medieval copper alloy token Halfpenny token of Mathew Davies, Swansea 1666 Boon 106b 0.76g, corroded

NMGW-E05F21: TOKEN
Post medieval copper alloy token Copper alloy token, probably Ireland, Bandon (c. 1650-1655) 0.46g, corroded

NMGW-E0707F: TOKEN
Post medieval copper alloy token Copper alloy token, probably Ireland, possibly Kinsale (c. 1650-1655) 0.38g, corroded

NMGW-F0CDB3: BUCKLE
Medieval copper alloy buckle plate of 14th or 15th century date The buckle is fragmentary, represented by the incomplete folded sheet metal plate only (with a surviving length of 29.0mm and a weight of 2.8g). The plate is corroded with some peripheral loss but was rectangular and had a slot for the pin. The corners were recessed to accommodate the missing frame. The folded strips flanking the slot are now broken and incomplete. The plate was attached to the belt by two attachment rivets (of 1.6mm diameter), both positioned near the attachment end. The strap between the plates remains in place and is textile rather than leather. Louise Mumford, Organic conservator and textile specialist commented that the textile (c. 2mm thick and 11mm wide) has longitudinal threads (warp) 0.9 - 1.0mm diameter, Z-spun and S-plied Transverse threads (weft) were difficult to examine, but appear to be of a similar diameter; it was impossible to see whether the thread was plied or the direction of spin. Sample fibres were taken from both systems for identification but appears likely to be linen. Weft thread count of 7-8 per centimetre. Although difficult to ascertain the structure of the textile, from examination of what is visible at the edges, but there a suggestion of the warps twisting, which would indicate tablet weaving. The surface of the copper alloy plate is corroded with a pale-brown patina overlying the pale-green corrosion.

NMGW-F142C3: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Tetricus I In Gaul (271-4) radiate Probably mint I; COMES AVG 1.28g, corroded

NMGW-F1B8BB: TOKEN
Post medieval copper alloy token Possibly a 'rose' farthing token of Charles I but uncertain

NMGW-F1F9EE: PIN
Copper alloy cast pin, probably Medieval, possibly of 14th or early 15th century date The pin is complete, with a slightly distorted shank (with a length of 142.4mm and a weight of 6.3g). The copper alloy head is globular or of flattened-spherical (with a diameter of 8.3mm and a height of 6.6mm). There is no applied decoration evident on the head. The shank is also of copper alloy and has a fairly consistent diameter, but narrows slightly along its length (with a diameter beneath the head of 2.5mm and 2.3mm at its midsection) before converging to the tip. The surface is poorly preserved with remnant traces of a dark-green patina. Egan & Pritchard (1991, p 297-304) catalogued the metal pins from excavations in London and noted their frequency in 14th and early 15th century contexts. These pins have separate applied heads, often in different materials or alloys. The study further notes that undecorated pin-heads, tend to be longer similar to this example. The pin can be paralleled in its head form and scale with the excavated examples (ibid. fig. 201). 1. Egan G. & Pritchard F. 1991; Medieval Finds from Excavations in London: 3; Dress Accessories; Museum Of London

NMGW-F21029: CHAPE
Probable Late Medieval copper alloy dagger, knife or sword chape, perhaps of 15th or 16th century The chape is of sheet, two-piece form, with a soldered join, now detached and is near-complete (with a length of 31.8mm and a weight of 7.0g). The chape form is asymmetric, with a swelling near the base on one side (giving a maximum width of 23.0mm and where the chape has a maximum depth of 19.1mm). The other side is straight, before both sides converge to a pointed base. The mouth is oval and comparatively deep but slender (with dimensions of 16.7mm x 14.0mm) with a break on the more compete half. There is no applied decoration on the surface but linear striations from the finishing of the chape are discernible. The edges of the interior have the pale-grey solder evident, mostly above the base. The exterior surface is without patina with a bronze-colour, while the interior has a black corrosion. The chape is of unusual form and does not easily fit into Ward-Perkins (1940) typology. The two-piece soldered sheet construction corresponds better with late medieval chapes, rather than later pommels, which would be cast but have some similarities in form. 1. Ward Perkins, J.B., 1940, London Museum Medieval Catalogue

NMGW-5CEEAD: COIN
A copper alloy contemporary copy of a Roman nummus (maiorina) of Constantius II (AD 323-361), dating to the period AD 353-361 (Reece Period 18). FEL TEMP REPARATIO reverse type, depicting a soldier advancing left, spearing a fallen horseman. Copying unclear mint. 1.28g, corroded

NMGW-5F27FB: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of Trumpet type and of 1st or 2nd century AD date The brooch fragmentary, missing the leg and pin (with a surviving length of 41.1mm, a surviving depth of 15.8mm and a weight of 16.8g). The missing spring was secured around a single, perforated lug on the rear of the head. Iron corrosion around the lug suggests that an iron spring was used. The trumpet head is sub-oval (20.0mm long and 16.7mm wide), probably with the remains of a truncated and rounded plate at the head, which was possibly surmounted with an integral chain-loop. The head-plate was decorated with a double-rope moulding above a deeper panel, flanked by grooves and above the bow. The bow is of oval section and narrows before widening again to the button on the mid-bow. The front of the bow is heavily-corroded but had a central, double knurled rib or rope moulding. The button extends on to the rear of the bow but corrosion has removed all detail from the button, which may have been of acanthus form. The leg is heavily-truncated and appears to have been of D-shaped section. There is no surviving evidence for the top of the catch-plate on the rear of the leg. The corroded surface has a mid to dark-green patina.

NMGW-D8445B: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of T-shaped type and of 1st or 2nd century AD date The brooch is incomplete, missing the leg and pin and is heavily-corroded (with a surviving length of 34.7mm, a surviving depth of 15.3mm and a weight of 14.2g). The missing pin was hinged within tubular wings, now truncated (with a surviving width of 24.2mm and a diameter of 9mm). The axis bar remains within the wings and is made of iron and iron corrosion staining at the rear of the head suggests that the pin was also iron. There is the suggestion of vertical ribbing on the front of the wings but corrosion has removed the decoration. The upper bow is of sub-circular section (7.2mm - 9.2mm diameter at the head), with straight sides, gradually converging towards the break (where the bow has a diameter of 5.0mm). None of the original surface survives on the bow resulting in the loss of any decoration. There is no surviving evidence for the catch-plate on the rear of the bow. Remnants of mid-green patina survives in small areas but elsewhere the surface has corroded pale-green.

NMGW-5F7343: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of Polden Hill type and of 1st or early 2nd century AD date The brooch is incomplete, missing the pin, foot, catch-plate and one of the wings (with a surviving length of 52.0mm, a surviving depth of 20.7mm and a weight of 17.1g). The pin has broken from a copper alloy spring mechanism around an iron axis bar. The cylindrical wing is undecorated except for an expanded terminal (8.2mm maximum diameter). One of the wings in now missing, probably from a recent break (with a surviving width across the head of 22.1mm, originally c. 32mm). There are curving mouldings around the sides of the head (with a width of 10.7mm), enhanced with notches. The bow is of D-shaped section, with straight sides, gradually converging the break across the leg. No decoration is now discernible on the corroded bow. The missing catch-plate descends as a rib from the underside of the head. The surface is partially preserved with a mid-green patina.

NMGW-5F4F95: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of T-shaped type and of 1st or 2nd century AD date The brooch is fragmentary, represented by the head and top of the bow only (with a surviving length of 17.9mm, a surviving depth of 11.5mm and a weight of 10.0mm). The missing pin was hinged within oval-sectioned tubular wings, now truncated on one side (with a surviving width of 37.9mm and a diameter of 6.1mm x 7.2mm). The fronts of the wings were decorated with vertical ribs and grooves, now largely lost through corrosion. Iron corrosion at the terminal of the intact wing suggest an iron axis bar was used. The bow is expanded at the head, with curved mouldings each side of the bow (giving a width of 12.5mm). The small fragment of surviving bow is of oval section with no decoration now surviving. Remnants of a dark-green patina survive on protected areas of the surface.

Medieval copper alloy buckle of oval frame and integral rigid plate type, of mid-13th or 14th century date The buckle is probably near-complete, perhaps missing the attachment end (with a length of 41.4mm and a weight of 4.0g). The outside edge is embellished with an integral bilobed openwork device, probably a crown. The frame is oval (giving the buckle a maximum width of 13.2mm) and is of sub-rectangular section (with a width of 1.7mm - 2.7mm and a thickness of 2.2mm). There is a circular perforation behind the frame to accommodate the copper alloy pin (with a length of 13.5mm). The integral plate is of D-shaped section (8.3mm wide and 2.0mm - 3.0mm thick). The plate is decorated with transverse ribbing flanking enlarged rounded mouldings. The plate has two separate attachment rivets, probably of iron with one positioned behind the pin and the other on a rounded lobe near the attachment end. The rear of the buckle is irregular, less finished and slightly dished. The end of the plate appears to have a break where it narrows and may have had an integral hook, now lost. The surface has a dark green patina with areas of brown corrosion, probably ferrous.

NMGW-744FB9: COIN
A copper alloy Roman possible contemporary copy of a sestertius of of Marcus Aurelius as Caesar under Antoninus Pius (AD 138-161), dating to the period AD 139-161 (Reece Period 7). Uncertain reverse type. Unclear mint. Crude style and fabric and also light for a sestetius (but heavy for an as or dupondius) 14.35g, corroded

NMGW-91FE0B: COIN
A copper alloy Roman sestertius of Severus Alexander (AD 222-235), dating to the period AD 222-231 (Reece Period 11). VIRTVS AVGVSTI reverse type, depicting Virtus, draped, standing right, holding inverted spear in right hand and leaning on shield with left hand. Mint of Rome. RIC IV.2, p. 119, no. 623.

A copper alloy Roman nummus of Maximian (AD 286-310), dating to the period AD 294-305 (Reece Period 15). GENIO POPVLI ROMANI reverse type, depicting Genius, wearing modius, nude, chlamys draped over left shoulder, standing left, holding patera in right hand and cornucopiae in left hand. Unclear mint.

A copper alloy Roman nummus of the House of Constantine (AD 307-361), dating to the period AD 333-334 (Reece Period 17). Wolf and twins [VRBS ROMA] reverse type. Mint of Arles. RIC VIII, p. 274, no. 379.

A copper alloy Roman nummus of Constantine I (AD 306-337), dating to the period AD 307-308 (Reece Period 15). PRINCIPI IVVENTVTIS reverse type, depicting Constantine I, draped, cuirassed, standing front, head left, holding standard in each hand. Mint of Trier. RIC VI, p. 218, nos 780-783.

NMGW-70DD50: JETTON
A copper alloy medieval Tournai jetton dating to c. 1400-1500. Shield / triple stranded cross type.

NMGW-5BD65C: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy plate brooch of 2nd century AD date The brooch is incomplete, missing the pin and catch-plate (with a surviving overall depth of 3.5mm and a weight of 1.8g) and is also distorted and heavily-corroded with no surface surviving. The brooch is of disc form (with a diameter of 18.1mm and a thickness of 1.0mm) and is now dished, possibly because of post depositional impact. The edge has a thinned border but no other detail or decoration is discernible on the face. The rear of the brooch has the stub, probably from a hinged, twin lug. At the base is a narrow catch-plate, now distorted. The corroded surface has a dark-brown patina.

NMGW-58C4D2: KNIFE
An incomplete cast copper alloy Roman folding knife handle. The object is executed in openwork zoomorphic style, depicting a hare and a hound in mid chase with the hound’s snout in contact with the hare’s tail, both running towards the end of the handle. Mouldings are used to suggest body features of each animal such as the ears, snouts and tails as well as a collar on the hound. The base of the knife bears a central slot into which the blade would have folded. Much of the base on one side is missing, as is the solid part of the handle where the blade would have attached and pivoted. The object is a light green colour with patches of darker patina. Damage to the base shows the metal underneath the surface corrosion. These knives are difficult to date, but are likely later (3rd or 4th century AD).

NMGW-5B3276: PURSE
An incomplete copper alloy Medieval purse bar (c. AD 1400-1600). The object comprises a fragment of a cylindrical arm of a purse bar with a flat tab projecting from the bottom. The tab is damaged but would have included two round holes from which the purse would hang. Transverse grooves run the circumference of the arm beginning appx. either end of the tab framing a surface decoration of engraved linework in a double-lattice design. Traces of black inlay within the engraved lines are visible under magnification, possibly niello. A single grooved line spans the circumference at both ends of the fragment. The object is an uneven light green in colour and measures 57.9mm in length, 10.6mm width, 8.3mm thick and weighs 20.26g. Similar objects are recorded on the PAS database e.g. GLO-970A8C, YORYM-251C1D

NMGW-D79EA7: MOUNT
Iron Age copper alloy enamelled mount of 1st century AD date The cast mount is of sub-rectangular form and is near-complete, missing part of the attachment lug and with some peripheral damage (with a length of 36.0mm, an overall surviving depth of 13.0mm and a weight of 11.2g). The sub-rectangular face has rounded corners and near-parallel sides, slightly convex, widest at the midpoint (with a width of 15.5mm, where it has a thickness of 4.0mm). The face has a border enclosing recessed cells all of which contain red ‘sealing-wax’ enamel around the central vertical motif. The bronze motif is symmetrical about both the central vertical and horizontal axes and comprises a horizontal oval at each end containing a sub-triangular enamelled cell, with two concave sides. The end ovals are flanking a vertical oval, containing a central opposing double-pelta. Enamelled cells surrounding the central device define two cells connected at the centre and of sub-triangular form at top and bottom. The face is gently convex across both its length and width. The rear of the mount has a central integral damaged attachment lug, which is circular-sectioned (4.6mm – 6.0mm diameter and 9.4mm high) and has begun to turn at the break, possibly forming an open-loop or hook. Otherwise, the rear is flat and is not decorated. The surface is heavily-corroded and pitted with a mid ‘olive’ green patina and some areas of bright green corrosion. The mount can be ascribed a Late Iron Age, 1st century AD date based on the stylistic motif and the red ‘sealing wax’ enamel would further suggest an Iron Age tradition. The mount is difficult to closely parallel but it is likely to have decorated horse gear, or similar. The sub-rectangular form and design are perhaps suggestive of Iron Age shield designs.

NMGW-FF3A05: COIN
A complete copper alloy Iron Age unit likely of the western region/Dobunni dating from the 1st Century BC to the 1st Century AD. The flan is slightly dished. Obverse: moon head facing right, pellet in ring for eye, cross and pellet in ring below, and stalk lips with pellets in rings, an arc, a crescent, an “N” shape, and a basal indistinct shape in the right field. Reverse: Triple-tailed annulate horse left, pellets, and pellet ring below. Compare with ABC 2024, 2027, and 2072 (Pg. 104-106). The coin bears a green patina and is good condition, with little abrasion or corrosion, leaving the designs easily visible.

NMGW-FF8ACB: BUCKLE
Description A cast copper alloy Medieval buckle frame dating to c. AD 1150-1200. The frame is single looped and oval in plan with ornate outside edges (Egan and Pritchard 2002: 76). The outside edge has three knops with raised bands between. The bar is offset and narrowed. The reverse is undecorated, flat, and worn. The surface is an uneven dark patina with patches of mid-green surface corrosion and measures 13mm in length, 5.3mm in width, 2.7mm thick and weighs 1.3g. A parallel of this type is illustrated in Egan and Pritchard 2002 p.77 no. 314.

NMGW-FFA87A: BUCKLE
Description A cast copper alloy Medieval buckle frame dating to c. AD 1150-1200. The frame is single looped and oval in plan with ornate outside edges (Egan and Pritchard 2002: 72). The bar is offset and narrowed. The outside edge projects from the frame in a semi-rectangle shape and is decorated with six grooved lines. The reverse is undecorated, flat, and worn. The object is a dark greenish grey patina and measures 17.2mm in length, 17mm in width, 2.2mm thick and weighs 1.73g. A parallel of this type is illustrated in Egan and Pritchard 2002 p.73 no. 294.

NMGW-FFE425: STRAP FITTING
Description A copper alloy fitting of unknown date, likely Medieval or Post Medieval (c. AD 1100-1800). The object is rectangular in plan with a central rivet on one end. Two grooves run the length of the object and one appears to have chevron decoration. The object is an uneven mid-green patina and measures 15.5mm in length, 5.2mm width 2.3mm thick and weighs 0.8g.

NMGW-0024E5: STRAP END
Description A copper alloy fitting of likely Medieval date (c. AD 1240-1450). The object is semi-conical in plan with one straight edge and the other curving to a rounded point with a single central rivet at the straight end. The surface is corroded so detail is uncertain, but the reverse has traces of a grooved border and appears tinned to a silvery sheen, so this may have been originally duplicated on the obverse. The metal is an uneven mid-green patina with areas of silver colour on one side. The object is likely a plate from a composite strap end with the other plate and any spacers having been lost in antiquity. The length measures 27.6mm, 13.5mm width, 0.5mm thick at the plate and 2.5mm at the rivet, and weighs 1g.

NMGW-0051F2: STRAP FITTING
Description An incomplete copper alloy fitting of unknown date, likely Medieval to Post Medieval (c. AD 1100-1800). The object is sub-trapezoidal in plan and has a single central rivet on one end. Traces of gold gilding on both sides. The tapered end folds onto itself suggesting it may have been a folded plate for a buckle with the other half broken off sometime in antiquity. The object is a mid-green patina with traces of gold gilding and measures 6.1mm in length, 8.5mm width, 2.3mm thick and weighs 0.6g.

NMGW-00C5CB: PENDANT
Description A cast copper alloy pendant of medieval date (AD 1350 to 1400). The object is quadrilobate and sub-rectangular in plan. One of the lobes forms a suspension bar. There is no surface decoration on either side. The object is a dark green patina and measures 11.1mm in length, 12.1mm in width, 1.7mm thick and weighs 0.62g. Egan and Pritchard, Dress Accessories 1150 - 1450, p. 221, fig. 1189 shows a similar object which retains its mount. The same book dates such pendent loops to between AD 1350 and 1400.

NMGW-E89DE1: THIMBLE
A complete copper alloy Medieval thimble/sewing ring dating to c. AD 1270-1350. The object is made of a thin sheet 0.8mm thick, classed as a ‘soldered sheet ring’ (Egan and Pritchard 2002: 265-266). The sheet has come apart at the seam and the damage appears old. The thimble has an open top, is roughly circular in plan and has a distorted slightly conical in profile. Irregular drilled pits in parallel concentric columns with approximately 12 pits per column cover the surface of the thimble. An upper border measuring 1.12mm and base border measuring 0.5mm enclose the drilled pits. The interior is worn. The object is 16.1mm in height, 12.6mm in diameter and weighs 3.89g. The metal is a dark green patina with spots of brown-green concentrated within the drilled pits. A close parallel is illustrated in Egan and Pritchard 2002 p. 267 no. 815.

NMGW-ECC9B5: SPUR
A complete copper alloy spur rowel of either medieval, or more likely post medieval, date (c. AD 1200-1800). The object is star-shaped with seven points, each flat in section. Both faces are flat and undecorated. An iron bar perforates the centre of the rowel. The arms are relatively regular in width with some variation in height, and taper to a point. Two of the arms are more worn at the tip and bent slightly inwards suggesting they may have come into contact with the horse more than the other arms. It is suggested by Ellis (2002) that rowel spurs supersede use of prick spurs in the thirteenth century AD, but the date of this spur rowel is uncertain. The metal is a medium green patina with orange iron corrosion staining the centre. The object has a diameter of 32mm, is 3.2mm thick and weighs 4.92g. Similar objects are recorded on the PAS database, e.g. NARC-E03A3D, DEV-23AF75.

NMGW-25D565: STYLUS
An incomplete tapering- copper alloy strip of unknown date and purpose. The strip is sub-rectangular in cross section and tapers from a thinner, wider end to a point which is squarer in cross section. There are two small notches on the sides of the object near to the point. The wider end is broken, and there are multiple fractures in the middle of the object, possibly from when the object was bent. The object bears a smooth green patina over much of its surface, although there are areas of abrasion, corrosion and soil. The object lacks any diagnostic features, but its patina suggests considerable age, and the form is not dissimilar to some roman styli.

NMGW-25DF68: BUCKLE
An incomplete copper alloy Medieval buckle dating to c. AD 1350-1400. The object consists of a sub-rectangular buckle frame and plate. The frame (25mm length, 16mm width) is a single loop type with a recessed bar and extended outer edge which is rounded at the end. The outer edge is semi-triangular in cross section and decorated with a chevron dividing the surface into two panels of incised grooves; the first with six crudely equidistant straight grooves, and the second with four larger and slightly diagonal grooves flanking a raised central lip. The folded plate (26.6mm length, 11.6mm width) is recessed for the frame and is perforated for the pin, which is missing, and is decorated by an X in field defined by a line to each side. A single rivet of copper alloy perforates the end. A fragment of the iron pin accompanies the buckle. The reverse is undecorated. The object is a mid-green patina and measures 51mm in length, 16mm in width, 4.4mm thick and weighs 4.72g. A close parallel is illustrated in Egan and Pritchard 2001 p. 119 no. 568. Egan and Pritchard’s example is a folding clasp rather than a buckle, so this object is likely a modification or variation of the usual type. The King’s head may have been lost in antiquity. Similar buckles have been recorded on the PAS database, e.g. SUSS-C90665

NMGW-26BBCB: BUCKLE
A fragment of a copper alloy Medieval buckle frame probably dating to c. AD 1350-1400. The object was likely originally a single loop D-shaped buckle frame with a curved, widened outer edge. The break on the wider outer edge is likely at the central pin rest. The fragment is roughly D-shaped in cross section with a slightly convex reverse surface and a wider, flat obverse. The obverse surface of the fragment is decorated with incised lines in geometric patterns including two triangles facing in opposite directions on the outer edge (inward facing) and curve (outward facing). Diagonal incised lines radiate from the triangles, terminating at 5 transverse grooves on either end of the triangle. This pattern likely repeated across the entire buckle frame. The reverse is undecorated and worn. The object is a greyish-green patina and measures 21.3mm in length, 18.2mm in width, 3.4mm thick and weighs 2.84g. A similar but less ornate object is recorded in Egan and Pritchard 2002 p. 91 no. 415.

NMGW-26D6D4: BROOCH
A fragmentary cast copper alloy Roman Colchester derivative Polden Hill bow brooch dating to AD 75 -175. The brooch is missing the foot and the vast majority of both the pin and the bow due to breakage. The axis bar, spring and some of the pin remain, the axis bar being held in place by perforated wing caps in the semi cylindrical wings and the chord being secured by a rearward facing hook. The bow is sub circular in cross section, while the bowhead is a relatively narrow hump with a moulded section attaching to the semi cylindrical brooch housing. The green surface of the brooch is pitted and corroded.

NMGW-26F72B: BROOCH
An incomplete copper alloy Colchester derivative Polden Hill type brooch of Roman date (c. AD 80-120). The object consists of the bow, damaged wings, and spring. The pin and foot are missing having been presumably lost in antiquity. The brooch has cylindrical wings with flat, perforated caps, which are damaged with the back half of the cap missing on each end. The axis bar, spring and pin are present, but incomplete. At the centre of the wings there is what is likely a hook supporting the external chord. The head is humped in profile and flanked with mouldings. The spine is raised in the centre and may have been decorated, but the surface detail is lost to damage. The bow is semi-circular in section and tapers to an incomplete foot. The object is a light to mid green patina and measures 16mm in length, 14.5mm wide across the wings, 2.4mm thick at the bow and weighs 3.63g. A close parallel is illustrated in Hattatt 1989 p. 300 no. 25. Similar brooches have been recorded on the PAS database, e.g. HESH-116E64

NMGW-270907: BROOCH
A copper alloy fragment of a Roman brooch dating to the 2nd century AD. The brooch is likely a disc-and-trumpet type (see Hattatt 1989 p.329 no. 450-453, 970). The object comprises part of the bow. The top of the catchplate survives on the reverse which is otherwise undecorated and flat. The disk measures 9.1mm in diameter and has an enamelled centre around a dot. Four small lugs likely decorated the outer edge of the disk but these have been lost in antiquity. The foot has also been lost but was likely annular. The metal is a dark green pitted patina with dark red enamel and measures 22mm in length, 9.3mm in width, 3.7mm thick and weighs 1.51g. The closest parallel is likely Hattatt 1989 p.329 no. 970. Similar objects have been recorded on the database e.g. WREX-8881F7.

NMGW-E09255: COSMETIC MORTAR
An incomplete Roman or Late Iron Age cosmetic mortar of cast copper alloy (100 BC-AD 410). The object is crescent shaped, with knobbed terminals at both ends and a broken attachment loop in the centre of the outside surface of the object. A shallow, sub-lenticular groove 34.5mm in length runs along the inner surface of the crescent. The object is somewhat corroded, with areas of active corrosion and an overall worn grey-green patina. The majority of the attachment loop is missing and there is minor damage to the edge of the groove. These objects date to the Late Iron Age and Roman periods (100 BC to AD 410), originating in pre conquest Britain and continuing in production and use in Romano-British contexts. This object would originally have been paired with a matching copper alloy pestle that would fit snugly into the groove and allow the grinding of small quantities of powder, likely for cosmetics or other personal use. The object is 48.9mm in length, 13.4mm in width, 8.2mm thick and weighs 8.07g.

NMGW-F83A79: BRIDLE BIT
An incomplete cast copper alloy Anglo-Scandinavian horse harness fitting dating to the 11th century AD. The object is broken at a boss or collar, from which projects a plano-convex sectioned arm. At the end of this arm is a loop. The loop is roughly circular internally with external knops projecting on three sides. The loop itself has a bevelled inner surface, making the loop wider on the reverse that on the front. The loop frame is of uneven thickness, suggesting either casting error or use wear. There may be decoration on the boss, but the corroded surface condition doesn’t allow the art style to be identified, although Ringerike style is most likely. The incomplete nature doesn’t allow the precise function of the harness fitting to be defined, but it is likely to be a bit link. Williams (2007) in Anglo Saxon Horse Harness Fittings shows a reconstruction of a how these fittings may have been used.

NMGW-F8AC84: STRAP FITTING
An incomplete cast copper-alloy open work, hooked mount of Post Medieval date. The mount has a heart shaped frame with a pair of equally spaced circles, one of which is perforated, above a trapezoidal void beneath. Above the central part of the mount is a perforated projecting lobe, likely to fit a now absent rivet, while below the centre of the mount is a similar perforated lobe that continues and tapers into a rearwards facing hook. This lower perforation contains the corroded remains of an iron rivet. These mounts are often referred to a sword hangers, and are typical of the 16th and 17th centuries. BERK-425E4 and GLO-169FA7 are almost identical examples of this type of object.

NMGW-F8FE8E: UNIDENTIFIED OBJECT
A fragmentary cast copper alloy object of unknown function and date. The object is broken from one face to the other, bisecting an internal channel. The outer surfaces consist of two parallel unmarked faces and three surfaces covered by three continuous deeply moulded parallel channels.

NMGW-8A0B27: AWL
A cast copper alloy awl of uncertain date. The awl has a 32mm long circular sectioned tapering point that narrows into a bent square sectioned tang 2.3mm thick which flattens slightly towards the end. The awl has a black patina and a pitted surface. Awls are difficult to date out of context, and this example could date from the Bronze Age right up to the Medieval period. If the awl is roman, it could be classified as a Manning’s (1985) Type 4b.

NMGW-8A6463: BROOCH
An incomplete cast copper alloy Roman trumpet brooch of Chester variant dating to the 1st-2nd century AD. The head is oval in plan and measures 13.1mm high and 14.2mm wide. The head is flat, slightly cupped from corrosion on the reverse with a single sub-rectangular lug containing the remains of the spring or pin. The bow protrudes outwards from the head in a sub-oval flange and is flat on the reverse. Traces of moulded linework possibly in a fountain design on the bowhead but corrosion has destroyed most of the surface. A sub-oval button is moulded between two transverse ribs at the top of the bow and may have been decorated (e.g. Hattatt 1985: 108 no. 436), but surface preservation is too poor to tell with certainty. The leg is sub-oval, plain, flat on the reverse, and tapers to a small foot-knob. The brooch is missing the spring and pin. Part of the catch plate survives on the rear and runs the length of the leg. The object is 49.4mm in total length, 14.2mm wide at the head, 6.1mm thick at the bow and weighs 11.31g. It has a dark green pitted patina with surface corrosion all over. XRF: Sn 35%, Cu 30%, Pb 22% Brooches of the Chester variant are concentrated in the lower Severn and nearby counties (Hattatt 1987: 127). A similar brooch can be seen in Hattatt 2000: 328 no. 436/436. Similar brooches can be found on the database e.g. PUBLIC-3D866B, though an exact parallel cannot be made due to surface corrosion

NMGW-8AA738: BROOCH
An incomplete cast copper alloy Roman Aucissa variant brooch probably of a Hod Hill type dating to the 1st century AD. The fragment consists of a portion of the bow only. The upper bow is roughly triangular in shape with an incised groove in the centre of the top. A horizontal raised rib 8mm wide with a narrower waist beneath separates the upper bow from the lower part. The leg/ bow is 13.6mm long and 5.7mm wide at the top. The face of the bow is raised/humped in profile, roughly triangular section with two incised grooves running the length on either side. The reverse of the object is flat with a worn surface. The fragment is 18.9mm in length, 11mm wide at the top of bow, 2.5mm thick and weighs 1.31g. The colour is a dark green patina with orange/brown corrosion at the top of the bow. A number of parallels can be found on the database, NMS-063E60. Also see Hattatt 2000, p.320-321, no. 1503

NMGW-8AC089: BROOCH
A fragment of a copper alloy hinged pin brooch probably Roman in date. The fragment consists of a hinge with broken pin and upper part of the bow. The wings are cylindrical and undecorated measuring 4.6mm in diameter and 16mm wide. The remaining bow portion is 5.5mm long, 10.4mm wide and 2mm thick. The face is decorated with three transverse mouldings roughly equidistant from the hinge. The rear is flat and undecorated. The top fragment of the pin preserves on the reverse. The ring of the pin attaching to the hinge has broken off (the break is old) exposing part of the axis bar. The fragment is 10m.5mm in length, 16mm in width, 6.5mm thick and weighs 3.14g. The colour is a dark green patina.

NMGW-8AD5F8: BUCKLE
A copper alloy buckle probably of late medieval or post medieval date (c. AD 1350-1700). The object is a cast rectangular buckle frame with an expanded moulded outer edge incised with four approximately equidistant grooves flanking the central pin rest. The metal has a dark green patina. The buckle is 16mm in length, 16.5mm in width, 3.3mm in thick and weighs 1.84g. XRF: Cu 41%, Pb 26%, Sn 16.5%

NMGW-8AEE4C: PIN
A complete copper alloy brooch or buckle pin of medieval date (c. AD 1350-1400). The pin shaft is sub-rectangular in plan with a square section. One end is curved into a round open loop where it would have fitted around a frame, may be broken on the end as it is flat with sharp edges towards the interior of the loop. The pin tapers to a worn rounded point. Ridged grip/moulding at the base of the loop with three transverse ridges. The metal is a dark green/grey patina with some brown and green pitting. The pin is 31.5mm in length, 4.4mm wide, 6.5mm thick at the loop, and weighs 3.65g. XRF: Cu 63%, Pb 7.5%, Sn 7.5%

NMGW-9E8665: BROOCH
An incomplete cast copper alloy trumpet brooch of Roman date (c. AD 75-175). The foot, catchplate, pin, and parts of the chain loop and bow are missing. The head is sub circular in shape topped with an integrally cast chain loop tab decorated with simple linear mouldings. The reverse of the head bears integrally cast lateral perforated lugs that house the remains of the spring and the corroded remnants of the iron axis bar. The head tapers sharply into the narrow, deep faceted bow (3.6mm wide, 4.9mm deep). The bow is decorated with a finely moulded acanthus button moulded on the front and reverse of the bow. There is a break below the centre of the acanthus.

NMGW-486328: COIN WEIGHT
Copper alloy coin weight, English century for a half ryal A post-medieval copper alloy coin weight, probably for a spur ryal of James I (1603-25). It is flat and square in shape. Some detail is visible on one side, including a rounded possible circular border in the bottom right corner.

NMGW-B14B7D: BUCKLE
Copper alloy buckle of medieval to early post medieval date The buckle has a circular frame and integral, solid plate, missing the pin and now heavily-corroded (with a length of 35.1mm and a weight of 2.6g). The circular frame (20.2mm diameter) was of sub-rectangular section (1.5mm wide and 2.2mm thick). There was a perforation behind the frame to accommodate the missing pin, which appears to be filled with ferrous corrosion, suggesting an iron pin. The solid integral plate is eroded but was likely to have been rectangular (7.6mm wide and 2.3mm thick) There is the suggestion of an attachment rivet hole at the rear, also containing ferrous corrosion. There is no surviving decoration on the buckle. The surface is heavily-corroded and stripped to the red-brown metal with a pale-green corrosion.

NMGW-B170F7: MOUNT
Roman copper alloy mount fitting, possibly from a box or possibly a strap The cast fitting is near-complete, damaged at the end (with a surviving length of 73.2mm and a weight of 15.2g). The expanded terminal is of fan form with, with radiating ribs (20.5mm wide and 2.1mm thick). The terminal is defined from the mount by two transverse ribs. The sides of the mount are somewhat irregular but generally straight and widest towards the damaged end (with a width of 20.3mm and a thickness of 2.2mm) and of sub-rectangular section. The mount is decorated with a pair of transverse ribs, between which is weak rib, defined by faceting. The rear of the mount has a D-shaped perforated lug (with a length of 13.4mm, a thickness of 3.0mm, an internal diameter of 5.3mm, a height of 8.3mm and giving an overall depth of 11.4mm). The surface is corroded with a pale-green to dark-brown patina. The mount is difficult to parallel, the decoration is consistent with Roman period styles and the perforated lug would suggest its use as a latch, possibly from a box.

NMGW-B1AB60: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of Polden Hill type and of 1st or 2nd century AD date The cast brooch is incomplete, missing the spring, catch-plate and foot (with a surviving length of 58.2mm, a depth of 15.5mm and a weight of 13.9g). The missing spring was housed within semi-cylindrical wings (27.3mm wide and 7.6mm diameter) with the axis bar secured with perforated end lugs and the chord tensioned by a lug at the head. The lug at the head forms a crest with a hooked terminal. The wings have circular perforations (of 3.4mm diameter) on both sides, which may have held decorative settings. The top of the bow is of rounded D-shaped section (8mm wide and 4mm thick) with concave sides. The front of the bow was decorated with central groove containing remnants of green enamel. The mid-bow has three circular indentations, one positioned at the front and one each side. The top of the leg has a further two indentations, one positioned each side of the sub-triangular sectioned leg. Each of the settings may have held a glass setting or enamel and is flanked by worn mouldings. The sides of the leg gradually narrow towards the missing foot, now bent and distorted. No other decoration is now evident on the corroded bow. The catch-plate is represented by a central rib on the rear of the leg. The surface is corroded with a pale-green corrosion over the brown stripped surface.

NMGW-B1CECC: BUCKLE
Medieval copper alloy buckle of c. 14th to 16th century date The cast buckle is of integral plate type with a trapezoidal frame and is complete but with a distorted plate (with a distorted length of 39.0mm, a straightened length of 53mm and a weight of 5.2g), now bent at an obtuse angle. The buckle frame is of trapezoidal form widening to the outside edge, with knops on the corners of the outside edge (with a width of 19.5mm and a thickness of 2.0mm). The frame is of triangular section (1.7mm – 2.5mm wide and 1.3mm thick). The pin is secured around a bar formed from perforation through the end of the integral plate. The sides are expanded at the position of the pin, suggesting a bar. The plate is rectangular, with straight parallel sides (8.4mm wide and 1.9mm thick) and was attached using two separate rivets, now lost, positioned behind the pin and near the attachment end (with a diameter of 2.8mm diameter). The front of the plate had an incised border but any decoration on the interior has been lost. The buckle is heavily-corroded and mostly stripped to the red-brown corroded metal.

NMGW-B27B45: STRAP FITTING
Medieval copper alloy strap fitting The fitting is of uncertain function comprises a folded sheet plate (with a length of 24.8mm and weighing 5.1g). The attachment end is bicuspid with a central notch and respects the two separate attachment rivets beneath the end, which remain in place. The sides are straight and near-parallel (19.8mm wide) to the outside end. The body of the mount is has a typical space to accommodate a strap (2.6mm deep) but the terminal is rounded and expanded (with a diameter of 4.2mm) as if to accept a bar, or similar. The front palate is decorated with a cross-hatched lattice, inside of a incised border and with arced border below the top edge around the attachment rivets. Each of the chevrons defined by the lattice is enhanced with a short linear mark. The surface has a dark-green patina. The style and form of the mount is consistent with medieval buckle plates and strap-ends but the suggested folded plate around the missing bar is of uncertain function, possibly for a strap clasp that is difficult to parallel.

NMGW-B293CC: PURSE
A post medieval copper alloy purse bar. The purse bar is fragmentary, represented by one arm (with a surviving length of 76.1mm and a weight of 18.5g). The oval-sectioned end (9.5mm x 6.6mm) has broken adjacent to the central block and has zoomorphic moulded decoration, comprising a beast’s mouth biting on the bar. The bar is also oval sectioned (6.6mm x 5.9mm) and is decorated with an incised lattice of double, parallel lines. The integral perforated hanger lug (7.7mm long) with two perforations is distorted and folded against the bar. The terminal pin (11.0mm long and 3.5mm dimeter) is circular sectioned and has lost the attachment fittings. The surface is worn with a dark-green patina.

NMGW-B2B940: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch, probably of T-shaped or allied type and of 1st or 2nd century AD date The cast brooch is fragmentary, represented by the head only (with a surviving length of 9.9mm, a surviving depth of 16.0mm and a weight of 6.3g). The missing pin was hinged within tubular wings (with a width of 21.6mm and a diameter of 5mm). The bow is of rectangular section at the head (12.2mm wide and 3.0mm thick) with straight, convergent sides. The bow projects forward at the head (9.5mm) before a perpendicular turn, just above the break. There is the suggestion of double-groove decoration on the bow, at the head. Any other decoration on the fragment has been lost through corrosion. The surface is very heavily-corroded and pitted with a dark-green brown patina. The fragmentary condition of the brooch makes typological identification uncertain, however the sharp turn of the bow can be paralleled on 2nd century enamelled brooches of T-shaped type.

NMGW-EE6D80: HARNESS FITTING
Early medieval copper alloy zoomorphic harness fitting The cast fitting is complete and double-looped of figure eight form (with an overall length of 50.2mm and a weight of 10.9g). Both loops are oval, of droplet form (with internal dimensions of 17.9mm - 19.0mm x 13.8mm – 14.5mm). The frame is of oval section, widest and thickest at the centre (3.7m wide and 3.9mm thick) and narrowest on the outside edge (2.6mm wide and 3.4mm thick). At the central area the fitting is decorated with biting beasts’ heads, with their jaws open and snout and lower jaw abutting the frame. The ears protrude upwards slightly and are dished, any other detail of the beasts has been lost. No other decoration is evident on the fitting. The surface has been stripped with a small remnant patch of dark-green patina and otherwise is dark-brown, discoloured by recent treatment. The strap fitting is difficult to closely parallel but the decoration if of later Early Medieval style, perhaps of 10th to 12th century date. It is likely to have been used on a harness although the delicate form, may suggest a lighter strap function from a belt or similar.

NMGW-EEAB28: KNIFE
Late Bronze Age socketed knife of Thorndon Type and of Ewart Park metalworking, corresponding with Needham’s Period 7, dated to c. 950-750BC The cast knife is near-complete, but in two fragments, broken across the slightly distorted blade (with a distorted length of 134.4mm and a weight of 37.7g). The socket has a sub-oval mouth (21.8mm x 12.7mm external, 17.6mm x 10.0mm and 33.2mm deep) and has gently concave, waisted sides (with a minimum width of 18.6mm). The socket faces are gradually convergent towards the blade and have two perforations to secure handle, the upper perforation is central and larger (at 5.1mm – 5.9mm diameter) and the lower is towards one side, smaller and somewhat irregular on one face (at 4.4mm – 6.5mm) and may be a secondary attachment attempt. One side of the socket sides has a sub-linear opening (18.8mm long 2.5mm – 5.2mm wide), probably a casting flaw. The socket and the blade have a near-linear junction, helping to define the knife as Thorndon type. The blade is both widest and thickest beneath the socket (with a width and thickness of 19.9mm and 4.2mm respectively and a minimum thickness above the tip of 0.8mm). The edges are convergent and concave below the socket (for 18mm) before being straight and gently convergent until just above the tip (14mm). The blade has a flattened midsection (8.8mm wide at the socket and 3.2mm wide above the tip), flanked by gently concave blade facets and giving a hexagonal blade section. Both blade edges have considerable damage and nicks, all of which have patinated surfaces, suggesting, they may be contemporary with the use of the knife, or may have occurred post deposition but some time ago. The blade has a shallow S-shaped bend, at the top and mid blade, which is likely to have resulted in the break. The surface on one face is heavily-pitted around both the bend and break. The surface has a pale to mid green patina with no clear evidence for sharpening striations on the blade edge. Thorndon Socketed knives have a distribution perceived as being concentrated in Southern England. As of 2006, there were seven recorded socketed knives of Thorndon type know from south- western Britain, and specifically Wales (Gwilt, 2006, p 54)[1] , with a largely North Wales distribution and with only one outlier in South Wales, recovered within the St Nicholas hoard from the Vale of Glamorgan. Since then a hoard from Glascoed in Monmouthshire also contained a fragment of a Thorndon type socketed knife and another two examples have been recorded with PAS[2] from Bridgend and Newport in South Wales. There are no examples recorded with PAS from Gloucestershire at the time of writing. The Thorndon type knives from the South Wales hoards are associated with Ewart Park metalworking but both hoards also contain an element of the Carp’s Tongue complex. The two fragments were found approximately 3.5m apart and were at a depth of approximately 0.12m, seemingly within ploughsoil and separated by the plough. [1] [1] Gwilt, A., 2006; A Late Bronze Age Hoard from Trevalyn Farm, Rossett, Wrexham; Studia Celtica; The Bulletin of the Board of Celtic Studies XXXIX 2005 [2] NMGW 2011.146.1, 2017.87.1

NMGW-EEC135: DIVIDERS
Post medieval copper alloy dividers of 17th or 18th century date The dividers are incomplete but now distorted (with a distorted length of 75.0mm, a straightened length of 77mm and a weight of 12.9g). The hinge at the apex is of faceted sub-spherical form (with a width of 9.5mm and a thickness of 7.2mm). The base of the globular head is defined by a single ribbed moulding, extending on both sides and faces. The hinge extends below the head (for 10mm) and is rectangular sectioned (6.1mm x 5.0mm) before the two arms. Each arm is of trapezoidal section and gradually narrows to the tips. The surface is corroded and largely stripped to the red-brown surface underlying patches of a bright, pale green corrosion.

NMGW-EF2B7B: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of Polden Hill type and of 1st or 2nd century AD date The cast brooch is incomplete, missing the lower part of the leg and end of the pin (with a surviving length of 25.0mm, a surviving depth of 11.5mm and a weight of 6.1g). The copper alloy axis bar and spring remain in place. The spring is broken as it approached the chord and coils 3 – 4 times each side of the pin (of 1.5mm diameter). The chord was tensioned by a lug at the head. The axis bar is secured though the end lugs of the semi-cylindrical wings (with a width of 17.8mm and a diameter of 5.8mm x 6.5mm). The ends of the wings are angled inwards. The fronts of the wings are decorated with a double vertical incised line at the terminals and a double diagonal to the chord at the head. The head has curved mouldings on each side (with a width of 8.6mm) and the step was enhanced by a fine double groove to define a delicate midrib. The bow is of D-shaped section with straight sides converging to the break (with a width and thickness at the top of the bow of 4.9mm and 3.1mm respectively). The lug at the head extends along the bow as a midrib, which gradually weakens along the bow. The rear of the bow is flat with no suggestion for the beginnings of the catch-plate above the break. The surface has a pale-green patina, lost at the lower part of the incomplete bow.

NMGW-EF59A6: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of T-shaped type and of 1st or 2nd century AD date The cast brooch is incomplete, missing the pin and catch-plate (with a surviving length of 39.1mm, a surviving depth of 16.3mm and a weight of 5.8g). The missing pin was hinged within cylindrical wings, now truncated (with a surviving width of 16.2mm and a diameter of 4.3mm). Surface damage and loss has removed any decoration on the wings. The axis bar is discernible within the wings. The bow is of oval section (8.2mm wide and 4.9mm thick at the head) with straight sides, gradually converging to the eroded, pointed foot. The remnants of the catch-plate are evident on the rear of the leg. The surface has a dark-brown patina mostly lost to the pale-green corrosion.

NMGW-EF6931: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of Polden Hill type and of 1st or 2nd century AD date The cast brooch is incomplete, missing the lower part of the leg and the spring (with a surviving length of 29.2mm, a surviving depth of 10.4mm and a weight of 5.9g). A concretion at the head may indicate that a ferrous spring was used but does not now survive. The missing chord was tensioned by a lug at the head and the axis bar was secured though the end lugs of the semi-cylindrical wings (with a width of 18.7mm and a diameter of 5.7mm x 7.0mm). The ends of the wings are angled inwards slightly. The fronts of the wings are flat and any decoration has been lost. There is the suggestion of curved mouldings on each side of the head (with a width of 7.4mm). The bow is of sub-rectangular section with straight sides converging to the break (with a width and thickness at the top of the bow of 4.8mm and 3.0mm respectively). The bow is heavily-worn and corroded with no decoration now evident on the front. The rear of the bow is flat with the suggestion for the beginnings of the catch-plate above the break, represented as a weak rib. The surface is worn, corroded and pitted with a pale-green patina.

NMGW-EFACB4: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of Colchester Two-Piece type and of 1st century AD date The cast brooch is fragmentary, missing the spring and leg (with a surviving length of 18.4mm, a surviving depth of 10.5mm and a weight of 4.1g). The missing spring was secured by a central lug, now damaged. The wings are truncated (with a width of 24.4mm and a height of 5.5mm) and no applied decoration is now evident. The lug or hook at the head to tension the chord has been lost. There appears to have been curved mouldings on the sides of the head (giving the head a width of 7.0mm). The surviving bow fragment has lost much of the surface but appears to have been of faceted form, with notched sides. The lug or hook at the head appears to have extended into a midrib. The surface has a dark-brown patina surviving at the head with remnants of a silvering or tinned surface. Elsewhere the bow has a pale-green corrosion.

NMGW-EFF268: THIMBLE
Medieval copper alloy seal matrix of 13th or 14th century date The cast seal matrix is fragmentary missing the edges of the die and the loop at the apex and is of hexagonally faceted type (with a surviving length of 12.0mm and a weight of 3.3g). The seal matrix has broken below the loop with no mouldings or collar evident. The handle widens to the now oval seal die (13.2mm x 11.0mm). The encircling legend is now almost entirely lost. The central device comprises a cross potent below a possible wheat sheaf. Below the cross three letters are evident, possibly IHS. The surface has a dark-brown patina.

NMGW-F01257: SEAL MATRIX
Medieval copper alloy seal matrix of 13th or 14th century date The cast seal matrix is fragmentary missing the edges of the die and the loop at the apex and is of hexagonally faceted type (with a surviving length of 12.0mm and a weight of 3.3g). The seal matrix has broken below the loop with no mouldings or collar evident. The handle widens to the now oval seal die (13.2mm x 11.0mm). The encircling legend is now almost entirely lost. The central device comprises a cross potent below a possible wheat sheaf. Below the cross three letters are evident, possibly IHS. The surface has a dark-brown patina.

NMGW-F044FA: FRAME
Copper alloy lozenge frame probably a medieval brooch of 13the or 14th century date The cast frame is complete but any pin is missing and is of open lozenge form (22.0mm x 22.5mm and weighing 2.3g). Each corner of the frame is defined by a prominent spherical knop (4mm diameter). The frame is of rectangular section (2.2mm – 2.9mm wide and 1.8mm thick). The front of the frame was decorated with a central groove, crudely executed in parts but now largely eroded through corrosion. The rear of the frame is flat and is not decorated. The lozenge frame is difficult to identify with certainty. Open square lozenge and multi-lobed brooch frames have been recorded of Medieval date (see Egan & Pritchard 1991, nos. 1343-8, p 256-8)[1], often with knops at the corners and generally of 13th and 14th century date. [1] Egan G. & Pritchard F. 1991; Medieval Finds from Excavations in London: 3; Dress Accessories; Museum Of London

NMGW-041136: FINGER RING
Roman copper alloy finger-ring of 3rd century AD date The cast finger-ring is near-complete and is comparatively slight (with a external diameter of 17.0mm – 17.9mm, an internal diameter of 14.8mm – 15.9mm and a weight of 0.7g). The hoop appears to have been of sub-triangular section at the base (1.4mm wide and 0.9mm thick) and widens gently towards the shoulders. The shoulders are decorated with prominent diagonal incised lines. At the top of the shoulders the hoop narrows, with a carination before a raised transverse moulding either side of the bezel. The bezel is oval (5.0mm long, 4.6mm wide and 1.1mm thick) with a recessed circular cell to hold a missing setting (3.8mm diameter and 1.0mm deep). The setting was likely to have held a glass paste or similar but no trace is now evident. The surface is corroded with a pale-green patina. The finger-ring form broadly corresponds to Henig’s (1978)[1] Type VIIIb, which he dates to the 3rd century AD [1] Henig, M., 1978 (2nd ed.); A Corpus of Roman Engraved Gemstones from Britain; BAR British Series 8

NMGW-57BB32: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of Polden Hill type and of 1st or 2nd AD century date The cast brooch is incomplete, missing the catch-plate and pin and has a distorted bow (with a length of 46.4mm, a surviving depth of 17.8mm and a weight of 11.7g). The copper alloy spring remains in place, secured within semi-tubular wings (with a width of 24.1mm and a diameter of 6mm – 7mm). The spring coils four times each side of the pin and the chord is tensioned by an open lug at the head. The wing terminals are angled inwards slightly and the fronts are decorated with two vertical incised lines near each terminal. The top of the bow is widened (at 9.6mm for 12mm) and is of D-shaped section (3.mm – 5mm thick). The lug at the head is flanked by a decorative V-shaped moulding. Beneath the widened bow the mid-bow is eroded and is now oval-sectioned with remnants on the catch-plate evident on the rear. The distorted bow is now eroded to a point. The surface is corroded and has a pale to mid-green patina.

Roman copper alloy bow brooch of enamelled T-shaped type and of 1st or 2nd AD century date The cast brooch is incomplete and distorted, broken at the top of leg (with a surviving length of 34.5mm, a surviving depth of 8.6mm and a weight of 7.0g). The missing pin was hinged within tubular wings, now damaged (with a surviving width of 27.9mm and a diameter of 4mm). The copper alloy axis bar is evident within the wings. At the head is the damaged stub of an integral chain loop. The head projects forward creating a flat rectangular platform (10.6mm wide, 6mm long and 1.8mm thick) before turning to the bow. The bow is rectangular-sectioned with straight parallel sides. The front of the bow was decorated with two rectangular cells, likely to have contained alternating coloured squares of enamel but with no trace now surviving. At the base of the enamelled cell are two diagonal leaf mouldings. The top of the leg is present before the break and was of triangular section. No applied decoration is evident on the bow. The catch-plate is not evident on the rear of the top of the leg. The surface is corroded and pitted pale to mid-green patina.

Roman copper alloy bow brooch of enamelled Trumpet-derivative, Wroxeter type and of 1st or 2nd AD century date The cast brooch is fragmentary, represented by the damaged head and top of the bow (with a surviving length of 28.3mm, a surviving depth of 17.1mm and a weight of 5.1g). The missing spring was secured within a D-shaped recess at the rear of the head (13.8mm wide and 10.2mm long) with the axis bar secured within the sides, now damaged. Above the D-shaped head is an integral head plate (with a surviving height of 8.4mm and a thickness of 2.0mm) which has broken at the base of a loop. There is a moulding between the head and plate with a rounded rib, probably with rope-moulding. There is also the suggestion of a setting for glass paste or enamel, near the centre. The bow springs from the head and has a gradual curve to the near-perpendicular. The bow is of sub-rectangular section (7.0mm wide and 3.3mm thick) with straight near-parallel sides as far as the break. The front of the bow was decorated with tree enamelled columns, probably containing alternating coloured enamel squares. A small remnant of orange-red enamel survives above the break. The surface is corroded with a green-brown patina.

NMGW-5A387A: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of T-shaped type and of 1st -2nd century AD date The cast brooch is incomplete, missing the leg and end of the pin (with a surviving length of 28.4mm, a surviving depth of 21.8mm and a weight of 17.0g). The pin (with a surviving length of 19mm and a diameter of 2.6mm) is hinged within tubular wings, which narrow slightly towards the terminals (with a width of 36.5mm and a diameter of 4.9mm – 6.6mm). The terminals of the wings are decorated with diagonal incised lines within vertical incised borders. The sides of the head are expanded with curved mouldings (with a width of 11.3mm and a thickness of 7mm). The upper bow is of triangular section with straight sides, narrowing towards the break (where it has a width and thickness of 4.0mm and 5.6mm respectively). The bow is decorated with a midrib, enhanced with transverse grooves. The surface is a dark brown matt as a result of a recently applied coating.

NMGW-5AAD7E: BUCKLE
Medieval copper alloy buckle of late 13th to early 15th century date The buckle is complete and comprises a cast oval frame with folded sheet plate (with an overall length of 34.6mm and a weight of 4.1g). The decorative oval sub-rectangular sectioned frame (with a length of 16mm, a width of 19.2mm and a thickness of 2.2mm) has a protruding pointed lip with a notch for the pin. The bar is offset and probably narrowed, within the folded plate. The top of the pin loop is faceted and there is a slight collar before the D-shaped section pin shaft (with an overall pin length of 14.4mm, a width of 2.3mm and a thickness of 0.6mm). The folded sheet (22.5mm long, 14.5mm wide and 2.5mm deep) has a slot to accommodate the pin. The strap was secured to the plate using two copper alloy rivets positioned near the attachment end. The attachment end is concave but no other decoration is evident on the plate. The plates can rotate slightly about the frame, indicating that there is no forked spacer within the plates. The surface is now a dark green- brown matt as a result of a recently applied coating. Five buckles of similar form were recovered from excavations in London (Egan & Pritchard, 1991, nos. 306-310, p. 74)[1] recovered from late 13th to early 15th century contexts. [1] Egan G. & Pritchard F. 1991; Medieval Finds from Excavations in London: 3; Dress Accessories; Museum Of London

NMGW-704BA2: BROOCH
Roman coper alloy bow brooch of indeterminate type and of 1st or 2nd century AD date The brooch is fragmentary, represented by the leg and catch-plate (with a surviving length of 33.8mm, a surviving depth of 9.6mm and a weight of 1.7g). The leg is of shallow, oval section at the break (3.8mm wide and 1.5mm thick) with straight sides, gradually converging to the pointed foot. There is the suggestion of a wide midrib on the leg, now corroded. The catch-plate is positioned at the centre of the rear with a gently curved top edge and has lost the catch. The catch-plate is decorated with two circular perforations (of 4.0mm and 2.4mm dimeter). The surface is corroded and stripped to a dark-brown corrosion with patches of a dark-green patina. The fragmentary condition of the brooch makes typological identification indeterminate, however perforated catch-plates are often recorded on earlier brooch types, such as Colchester or derivatives, Polden Hill, T-shaped and allied types of 1st century AD date.

NMGW-7062A5: ROTARY KEY
Medieval to Post Medieval rotary key, probably from a casket or similar The cast key is complete (with a length of 42.6mm and a weight of 2.9g). The bow is of open lozenge form and of rectangular section (16mm long, 13.9mm wide and 1.3mm – 2.0mm thick). The frame of the bow is of variable width (1.6mm – 4.1mm) from manufacture rather than wear. The top of the stem is marked by a worn rounded moulding, flanked by a groove. The stem is oval sectioned (3.8mm x 2.6m). The bit is solid (5.3mm deep, 6.5mm wide and 1.8mm thick) with a single shallow cleft at the front above a narrow ward at the base. There is a narrowed projecting tip evident (1.6mm diameter and 2.6mm long). The surface is worn and corroded with a pale to dark-brown patina.

NMGW-EAF09C: COIN WEIGHT
Medieval to post medieval copper alloy coin weight A copper alloy late Medieval to Post Medieval coin weight dating from c. AD 1422 - 1550. It is circular (of 12.8mm diameter and 2.7mm thick) and uniface, decorated with a crowned shield containing three fleur de lis. There is a further crowned fleur de lis on each side of the shield. The weight is heavily-corroded with some edge loss and currently weighs 1.94g and has a dark-green patina. This weight was made in either France or England for weighing the French Ecu or half ecu coin. The ecu was issued from the reign of Charles VII (AD 1422 - 1461) to Louis XI (AD 1436 - 1475). In AD 1525, the Ecu was current in England with a value of four shillings (Withers, 1995 p39) [1]. The Ecu had a mass of about 3.5g, so this weight was originally likely to have been for a whole ecu. [1] Withers 1995; Lions, Ships and Angels

NMGW-EB1D7C: TOKEN
Post medieval copper alloy token Farthing token of Richard Watton, who was also the mayor of Devizes. *RICHARD WATTON 1666 / R W *GROCER. IN Ye DEVIZES Reference: Williamson, Wiltshire 79; Norweb 5470 0.32g, 15mm, corroded

NMGW-EBC8DB: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of Polden Hill type and of 1st century AD date The cast brooch is incomplete, missing the spring, catch and foot (with a surviving length of 37.8mm, a surviving depth of 10.9mm and a weight of 5.8g). The missing spring was accommodated within semi-tubular wings (with a width of 19.9mm and a diameter of 6.7mm) with the axis bar secured within perforated end lugs. The axis bar was tensioned by a hook at the head, now damaged. The fronts of the wings are flat but corrosion has removed any decoration. The upper bow is of sub-rectangular section (6.4mm wide and 3.2mm thick at the head) with straight side converging to the break on the leg. No decoration is now discernible on the bow. The rear of the leg expands to define the catch-plate, which is as wide as the leg and had a decorative aperture probably of triangular form. The surface is heavily-corroded, pitted and worn with a pale-green patina.

NMGW-EBEB60: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of uncertain type and of 1st or 2nd century AD date The brooch is fragmentary, missing the head and catch (with a surviving length of 38.2mm, a surviving depth of 11.4mm and a weight of 2.5g). The bow has broken below the head and is of D-shaped section at the break (4.0mm wide and 2.5mm thick), with straight sides converging towards the foot. Corrosion has obscured any decoration on the bow but there is the suggestion of a central groove and side mouldings. The rear of the bow has the truncated remains of the catch-plate, beginning high on the bow (7mm below the break) and extends to the foot. The foot is conical (4.4mm diameter) and projects at the front. The surface is corroded with a red-brown stripped surface.

NMGW-0943D4: FINGER RING
Roman copper alloy finger-ring. The cast finger-ring is fragmentary, missing the base of the hoop and the setting (with a surviving height of 11.3mm, a width of 21.0mm, an internal diameter of 17.6mm and a weight of 2.8g). The hoop has broken beneath the shoulders, where the hoop is of triangular section (2.4mm wide and 1.2mm thick). The sides are divergent to the bezel (with a maximum width and thickness of 10.2mm and 4.3mm respectively) and have a flanged border. The shoulders have a pronounced mid-ridge, which extends to the setting on the bezel. The bezel setting is oval (8.9mm x 8.0mm and 2.0mm deep) and has a raised collar (0.6mm thick and 0.9mm high) around the missing glass or stone setting. The interior of the bezel is roughly cast but contains no surviving evidence for the setting. The underside of the bezel is finished and worn but shows some of the cast surface. The surface has a dark-green patina one side of the shoulders has deep striations preserved beneath the patina.

NMGW-1345E2: BUCKLE
Medieval copper alloy buckle of 14th or 15th century date The cast buckle was of sub-triangular form and is fragmentary, missing the bar and any plate (with a surviving length of 24.8mm, a width of 46.3mm and a weight of 4.9g). The outside edge is elaborate and wide (at 12.6mm and 2.3mm thick). There is a central groove for the missing pin and decorative diagonal grooves each side, forming chevrons. Elsewhere, the frame narrows and thins (with a diameter of 2mm) to the ends of the missing bar. The terminals suggest that the bar was off-set and narrowed. The surface is corroded and stripped to red-brown surface with a dark-green patina and traces of gilding surviving in the grooves.

NMGW-2E4E34: INGOT
A copper alloy possible ingot. A small bar with rounded ends, the object is fairly flat on one side and slightly more rounded on the other. The profile is sub-oval. It is undecorated with a mid-green patina and has a worn or corroded surface. The object is 31.2mm long, and is 7.9mm at its widest point near one end, tapering to 6.6mm at the narrowest point, near the other end. The maximum thickness is 3.8mm.

NMGW-4F62E7: COIN
An incomplete copper alloy possible contemporary copy of a Roman radiate of Carausius (AD 286-293), dating to the period AD 286-293 (Reece Period 14). PAX AVGG reverse type, depicting Pax, draped, standing left, holding olive-branch in right hand and vertical sceptre in left hand. Copying mint of London prototype. cf. RIC V, 138.

An incomplete copper alloy Roman nummus of Constantius II (AD 323-361), dating to the period AD 353-361 (Reece Period 18). FEL TEMP REPARATIO reverse type, depicting soldier advancing left, spearing fallen horseman. Unclear mint.

NMGW-51A28A: COIN
A copper alloy Roman nummus of the House of Constantine (AD 307-361), dating to the period AD 335-340 (Reece Period 17). GLORIA EXERCITVS reverse type, depicting two soldiers and one standard. Unclear mint.

NMGW-52635A: COIN
An incomplete copper alloy Roman radiate of Claudius II (AD 268-270), dating to the period AD 268-270 (Reece Period 13). Probably ANNONA AVG reverse type, depicting Annona, draped, standing left, foot on prow, holding corn-ears in right hand and cornucopiae in left hand. Probably mint of Rome. RIC V Claudius Gothicus 18 or 19.

NMGW-529C9F: COIN
A copper alloy post-medieval rose farthing of Charles I (1625-1649). Type 3 Maltravers "ovals", mullet initial mark, minted in 1634-1636 (North 2293).

NMGW-52FEC7: COIN
An incomplete copper alloy or base silver contemporary copy of a silver post-medieval shilling of Charles I (1625-1649). Uncertain type and initial mark, London mint 1625-1649. The coin is missing much of its edge and is bent and broken through the centre of the coin. This suggests that it might have been deliberately snapped to take it out of circulation when it was discovered to be a counterfeit.

NMGW-671E46: BUCKLE
A fragmentary cast copper alloy object, probably a buckle frame. The fragment comprises a narrowed offset bar and part of the frame. The frame was likely oval in shape, but much has been lost in an old break. The object has a green patina with a surviving maximum length of 30.5mm, width 29.3mm, thickness 5mm and weight 3.06g. Oval frames with offset narrowed bars are illustrated in Egan and Pritchard 2002 p.68.

NMGW-67968D: STRAP END
An incomplete copper alloy sheet plate from a composite medieval strap end (c. AD 1230-1450). The plate is tongue shaped and has two holes for rivets at its squared-off end. One of the corners is missing. File marks are visible on both faces as well as traces of soldering on the terminal edges of the inside face. This object would have formed one plate on a two piece strap end or a three piece (with a spacer).

NMGW-67C71D: STRAP END
An incomplete sheet coper alloy strap end of Medieval date (c. AD 1350-1400). The single sheet is folded lengthways, rectangular in plan, and has a single central rivet hole at the open end. The strap end is undecorated on both sides. The object is a medium green patina and measures 15.9mm in length, 11.4mm width, 3.3mm thickness and weighs 1.32g. A parallel is illustrated in Egan and Pritchard 2008 no.601 p.131.

NMGW-67F2E0: STRAP END
An incomplete copper alloy strap end of Medieval date (AD 1250-1400). The strap end is made of a single rectangular plate with the fold having been broken and lost sometime in antiquity. The corrosion masks any possible surface decoration, but strap ends of similar shape and size are recorded in Egan and Pritchard 2008 no.749 with punched decoration. The folded plate forms two pieces held together by five domed head rivets, one at each corner and one in the middle, of which 4 survive. The object is a green pitted patina and measures 35.6mm in length, 13.4mm width, 5.1mm thickness (at the rivets) and weighs 2.91.

NMGW-7B6408: SWORD
A cast copper alloy sword pommel of Late Early-Medieval or Medieval date, likely 11th or 12th century. The shape of the object is best described as half an oblate spheroid, and is semi-circular in plan. The object is hollow, consisting of a copper alloy shell with walls of consistent thickness (c. 1.7mm) the hollow interior measures 17mm by 41.8mm at its base. The top of the pommel is perforated by an irregular hole. The sword’s tang would have fitted through this and been hammered to secure the pommel. The dome’s edge is broad and smooth at the top, but becomes sharply pointed towards the base. Both faces of the pommel are decorated with an identical incised design of a crouching beast biting own tail- a motif identified as typically 10th-11th century by Dr Mark Redknap. This may be a late example of Anglo-Scandinavian zoomorphic art. The beast is executed in simple lines, with its head bent back over its body to grasp the arrowhead shaped tip of its tail in curving jaws. The outline of the beast is filled in with a few details- a large, circular eye, a transverse line delineating the head from the neck, which is decorated with three lines curving in parallel with the neck. The body of the beast has four lines suggesting ribs and a design of two interlocking curves suggesting the haunches. Apart from a few patches of smooth green patination, the object has lost almost all of its original surface. Despite this, the design can still be made out on both faces. The rest of the object is brown in colour. There appears to be cutting damage on one face of the pommel, with two nicks to the basal edge and a thin incision across the beast’s tail tip. This pommel corresponds in form with Oakeshott’s Type B1, which would concur with the dating of this pommel to the 11th or 12th centuries using art style.

NMGW-FB4853: COIN
An incomplete copper alloy Roman nummus of the House of Valentinian (AD 364-378), dating to the period AD 364-375 (Reece Period 19). SECVRITAS REI PVBLICAE reverse type, depicting Victory advancing left, holding wreath and palm. Mint of Lyons or Arles.

NMGW-FBDC36: COIN
A copper alloy Roman nummus of Helena (AD 324-341), dating to the period AD 337-341 (Reece Period 17). PAX PVBLICA reverse type, depicting Pax standing left, holding a branch and transverse sceptre. Unclear mint.

NMGW-FC0AA8: COIN
A copper alloy Roman nummus of an uncertain ruler, dating to the period AD 330-402. Uncertain reverse type. Unclear mint.

NMGW-FC7EF0: COIN
A copper alloy Roman radiate possibly of Gallienus (sole reign AD 260-268), dating to the period AD 260-268 (Reece Period 13). Probably ORIENS AVG reverse type, probably depicting Sol left. Unclear mint.

A copper alloy Roman as of an uncertain ruler, dating to the period AD c.41-c.250. Uncertain reverse type, unclear mint.

An incomplete copper alloy Roman radiate or nummus of an uncertain ruler, dating to the period AD 260-402. Uncertain reverse type. Unclear mint.

NMGW-61F0CD: COIN
A copper alloy contemporary copy of a Roman radiate (a barbarous radiate) probably of Tetricus I (AD 271-274), dating to the period AD 275-285 (Reece Period 14). COMES AVG reverse type, depicting Victory walking left, holding wreath and palm. Copying Gallic Mint I.

NMGW-46BC53: UNIDENTIFIED OBJECT
An unidentified copper alloy object of unknown date. The object is curved on one end with an old transverse break. The other end is rounded and no attachments or terminals are visible. The top of the object has three raised conical lumps cast as part of the object and another right before the break. The object is a medium green patina and measures 47.4mm in length, 14.3mm wide, 6mm thick and weighs 21.68g

NMGW-4956A2: PURSE
An incomplete cast copper alloy late medieval to early post medieval purse bar (c. AD 1420-1600) of Williams class A2. The object consists of a side-bar (68.5mm long, 9.8mm wide and 7mm thick), part of a pendant frame (surviving length of 25.8mm, 4.5mm wide, 3.6mm thick) with surviving perforation (c.2mm in diameter) expanding from the bottom of the bar, and a central boss (20.2mm in height, 22mm wide and 13.3mm thick) with a heavily corroded iron swivel pin through the middle (30.1mm in surviving length). The surviving side-bar, or arm, is rectangular in plan and section and features a religious inscription ‘AVE MA[RIA] on one side and ‘ENA (eight-armed star, with four long curved arms and four short arms) DO’ on the other. The N is backwards. As is typical with this type, the full inscription likely read ‘AVE MARIA GRACIA PLENA DOMINUS TECUM’ which translates to ‘Hail Mary, full of grace, the Lord is with you’. The inscription was inlaid with niello evidenced by surviving niello inlay in the letters ‘E MA’ and in the central boss. The central boss is shield-shaped in plan and rectangular in section with some distortion from iron corrosion. The boss was decorated and some niello inlay preserves, but the iron corrosion makes the motif difficult to identify. It may include initials ‘MS’ on one side. Thickened mouldings (9.8mm long, 10.5mm wide, 8.3mm thick) flank the central boss where the arms extend, though one of the arms is missing due to damage. Another thickened moulding (5.8mm long, 9.4mm wide and 8.5mm thick) preserves on the end of the surviving arm before terminating in an old break. The metal is a medium green patina with orange and brown iron corrosion where the pin protrudes from the central boss. The object has a max length of 101.1mm, width of 30.2mm, thickness of 13.3mm and weighs 56.72g. Similar purse bars are recorded on the PAS database, e.g. SOM-FDCB82; LIN-26913E; HAMP-54CDE2

NMGW-05F92B: PIN
An incomplete cast copper alloy pin or stud of probable Roman date (AD 43-AD 410). The head is spherical with a height of 8mm and diameter of 9.7mm. The shaft (heavily corroded) is circular in plan and tapers to a distorted diameter of 1.5mm. The object is a dark green patina with an overall height of 23.9mm and weighs 3.47g. A similar pin was found in Colchester (Crummy 1983, No 2995). The Colchester example is described by Crummy (ibid.) as almost certainly from furniture upholstery and is dated to the 2nd century AD. Similar objects are also recorded on the PAS database, e.g. NMGW-E41FC2, NLM-C4A996

NMGW-4485DB: BUCKLE
An incomplete copper-alloy composite buckle with integral forked spacer of Medieval date (C.1350-1500 AD). The frame is missing apart from a short section. The frame for this type of buckle was typically oval, often with a notched lip. The bar is offset and narrowed to fit the now absent pin. The sheet plates are rectangular and of different lengths: the upper plate measures 26.5mm by 14mm while the lower plate measures 23.6mm by 14.2mm. The inside edge of the plate is convex on the upper plate and straight on the lower, with a round aperture perforating the centre of the plates inside edges. The aperture is flanked by two rivets. The plates would have been soldered to the spacer and attached to the strap using the rivets. The upper plate has a green patina, while the lower plate is brown, with patches of green corrosion. The spacer is dark grey in colour. Cf. various objects in Egan-Pritchard (1991, p. 79-81, figs. 48-49), and SF-6D58D7

NMGW-5BB44B: COIN
A copper alloy Roman nummus of Theodora (AD 337-341), dating to the period AD 337-341 (Reece Period 17). PIETAS AVG reverse type, depicting Pietas, draped, standing front, head right, carrying an infant at her breast in right hand. Mint of Trier. RIC VIII Treveri 48 or 65.

NMGW-5CDA1E: BUCKLE
An incomplete copper alloy and iron buckle of Post-Medieval date (c. 1650-1720). The double looped rounded trapezoidal frame (32.6mm long, 20.1mm wide) is symmetrical apart from a notch for the pin. Decorative mouldings are visible on the frame where holes have been drilled to insert the iron bar holding the anchor shaped attachment bar (25.5mm long, 14.3mm wide) and the now absent pin. The surface of the buckle is dark brown and green and pitted, with much of the original surface lost. This type of buckle dates to the later 17th and early 18th centuries and was used to fasten shoes or knee breeches. Cf. DUR-D14783.

NMGW-5CF52D: COIN
A copper alloy Roman nummus of the House of Constantine (AD 307-361), dating to the period AD 337-340 (Reece Period 17). GLORIA EXERCITVS reverse type, depicting two soldiers and one standard. Mint of Lyon.

A copper alloy Roman nummus of Constantine I (AD 306-337), dating to the period AD 332-333 (Reece Period 17). GLORIA EXERCITVS reverse type, depicting two soldiers and two standards. Mint of Trier. RIC VII Treveri 538.

NMGW-6DCD86: COIN
A copper alloy Roman nummus of Constantius II (AD 323-361), dating to the period AD 348-350 (Reece Period 18). FEL TEMP REPARATIO reverse type, depicting soldier, helmeted, draped, cuirassed, advancing right, head left, leading small bare-headed figure from a hut beneath a tree with right hand and holding spear in left hand. Mint of Trier. RIC VIII Treveri 222.

NMGW-EC80AB: HOOKED TAG
An incomplete copper alloy hooked tag of Post-Medieval date (c. 1500-1600). The object consists of an oval plate with a trapezoidal attachment loop on the flattened base of the plate and a broken hook projecting from the top. The upper face of the object is decorated in relief with a human bust facing right in profile. The reverse of the plate is concave. The object has lost most of its original surface to corrosion and has a pitted brown surface with patches of green corrosion product. This object belongs to Read’s Class E Type 3 (See Read, B. Hooked-Clasps & Eyes. 2008, Portcullis Publishing, p.98, no. 333.). Similar objects on the PAS database include: NLM-B46457 and DUR-D6B1EA.

NMGW-EDBA0A: STRAP END
An incomplete copper alloy front sheet plate from a composite medieval strap end, dating from c. 1270-1450. The plate edges taper slightly toward the terminal, which comes to an obtuse angled point. The attachment edge of the plate has a central grooved aperture flanked by two 4.7mm long rivets. The outer surface bears incised linear decoration, with a central longitudinal strip filled with parallel diagonal lines. This central strip divides two symmetrical panels filled with tessellating triangles and trapezoids. Each of the trapezoids is filled in with an incised curved zig zag design. These panels are also decorated with parallel diagonal lines flanking the aperture. The reverse of the sheet has traces of solder around the terminal edge, likely from attaching a spacer. Possible white metal surface treatment is visible on the reverse of the object. The object has a corroded green surface, and minor damage is present on most of the edges of the sheet.

NMGW-F24078: HARNESS PENDANT
Copper alloy pendant, possibly a Medieval horse harness pendant of 12th 14th century date The possible harness pendant is complete but has lost the suspension mount and is comparatively small (with an overall length of 18.6mm and a weight of 1.2g). The loop is oval (7mm long, 4.6mm deep, 0.8mm – 2.6mm thick and with a diameter of 2.5mm). The pendant is convex, hollowed on the rear and is of sub-circular form, slightly tear-shaped (with a length of 11.8mm, a width of 9.8mm, a thickness of 1.7mm and a depth of 3.0mm). The surface of the pendant has largely been lost but traces of gilding survive around the peripheries of the pendant. Elsewhere the red-brown surface has been stripped.

NMGW-2E314A: MOUNT
Copper alloy zoomorphic mount terminal or fitting of uncertain date, possibly Late Iron Age or Early Roman The cast mount appears to be complete or near-complete (with a length of 19.7mm and a weight of 8.2g) and comprises the head, body and fore limbs of a beast, possibly a bear or similar. The mount was attached using a fixing within the sub-circular sectioned, hollowed end (of 9.8mm – 10.4mm diameter), which is angled at an approximate 45° angle to the axis of the body. The fixing appears to have been ferrous but is now heavily corroded with no magnetic trace of iron surviving. The sides of the mount, depicting the body and concave (with a minimum diameter of 5.8mm x 7.0mm) and there is a circular indentation (of 2.9mm diameter) at the centre of the back, possibly decorative. The head of the animal is naturalistic and portrayed with upward projecting pointed ears. The snout also tapers to a point, now corroded and the eyes are represented by circular depressions and appear to contain a remnant deposit of uncertain type, now grey. There is no other applied detail and no surviving evidence for the mouth or nostrils. Beneath the head is a curved lug (14mm long) of sub-triangular section, representing the forelegs with a central ridge. The sides of the lug are straight and convergent towards the damaged end and was probably also utilised as a handle. The surface has a pitted, mid-green patina with areas of bright-green corrosion. The mount is difficult to closely parallel but the style and zoomorphic elements can represented on Late Iron Age and Early Roman decorative elements on vessels. The forelimb lug would seem to work as a handle, although it is noteworthy that the fixing is bevelled and angled so as to decrease the space behind the lug. It is possible that the mount was a decorative fitting from a vessel rim, lid or similar.

NMGW-AA6C1E: COIN
A copper alloy Roman nummus of the House of Constantine (AD 307-361), dating to the period AD 330-333 (Reece Period 17). Victory on prow [CONSTANTINOPOLIS] reverse type. Mint of Trier. RIC VII Treveri 530 or 548.

NMGW-AB1AB7: COIN
A copper alloy Roman radiate of Gallienus (sole reign AD 260-268), dating to the period AD 260-268 (Reece Period 13). VBERITAS AVG reverse type, depicting Uberitas, draped, standing left, holding purse in right hand and cornucopiae in left hand. Mint of Rome. Cunetio 1200.

NMGW-AB5D4D: SADDLE
An incomplete copper alloy saddle pommel of Post-Medieval date (c. 1500-1700). The object is a hollow, roughly cylindrical object formed by soldering two identical halves together. The top end is closed and rounded, with the opposite end being open at an oblique angle on one side and expanding to wings on the other side. There are two perforations, one broken open, in the bottom edge of the winged side of the base. One of the wings is missing, the other incomplete. The entire surface apart from the wings is decorated with incised parallel lines running down from the tip. The copper alloy has a dark green patina. Some file marks are visible on the surface. Saddle pommels were used to retain reins on saddles or has a handle for the rider to steady themselves.

NMGW-AB96D3: COIN
A copper alloy Roman radiate of Quintillus (AD 270), dating to AD 270 (Reece Period 13). VICTORIA AVG reverse type, depicting Victory, winged, draped, walking right, holding wreath in right hand and palm in left hand. Mint of Rome. Cunetio 2326.

NMGW-C13E49: COIN
A copper alloy Roman sestertius of Hadrian (AD 117-138), dating to the period AD 121-123 (Reece Period 6). P M TR P COS III // VIRT AVG / S C (in field) reverse type, depicting Virtus standing left, resting foot on helmet, holding parazonium and spear. Mint of Rome. RIC II, Part 3 (second edition) Hadrian 652.

NMGW-2ABCA8: HARNESS MOUNT
An incomplete copper alloy harness mount or strap fitting of Post-Medieval date, likely 16th or 17th century. The mount is a slightly dished copper alloy plate (c.2.5mm thick) in the form of an acorn with a bent forked projection from the base of the acorn’s cup. The reverse of the mount is undecorated and has the remains of two projecting attachment spikes, both round in cross section. The acorn cup is separated from the lower half of the mount by a transverse ridge. Cross hatching decorates the cup. The mount is worn, and largely covered by a green patina, with patches of pitted brown corroded copper alloy. Similar examples of this kind of mount on the PAS database include BERK-D36FE8, WMID-290D2E and NMS-BA9DE7.

NMGW-296B78: KNIFE
An incomplete zoomorphic copper alloy knife handle terminal of probable Roman date (AD 43-410). The object depicts some billed creature, most likely a duck. The neck is ovoid in cross section at its narrowest point (8.9mm long, 8.5mm wide) and expands forwards at the basal break. The neck appears to be at least partially hollow, and contains a rectangular sectioned rod of copper alloy, presumably the tang (if the blade was copper alloy) or part of the now missing knife handle. The head is separated from the neck by a ridged moulding around the base of the head. The head itself is roughly spherical with the bill projecting outwards at slightly over a ninety-degree angle. The top of the head has two unevenly symmetrical depressions depicting the eyes, one of which has a cut descending 7mm from the base of the eye. The mouth is represented by a horizontal V-sectioned notch in the end of the bill. The object has suffered from corrosion and physical damage, with much of the original surface missing and the rest patinated dark green, leaving the object with an uneven, pitted surface. There are currently no examples of roman knife handles depicting ducks in this manner on the PAS database, the best parallel being the horse-shaped WILT-5D7883. Post medieval knife handle terminals can also be zoomorphic but are of markedly different forms to this object.

NMGW-58C3C4: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of Headstud variant type and 2nd century AD date The brooch is incomplete, missing the leg (with a surviving length of 23.0mm, a surviving depth of 9.3mm and a weight of 5.2g). The incomplete pin us hinged within tubular wings (24.9mm wide and of 2.7mm – 4.5mm diameter) in an arrangement typical of T-shaped brooch types. There is the suggestion of vertical grooves near the ends of the wings. At the head are the remains of an integral chain-loop (with a surviving height of 5.7mm and a width of 9.5mm), surmounted on a rectangular panel with no discernible decoration. The top of the bow is rectangular-sectioned (11.1mm wide and 1.8mm thick at the head) with gently curved convergent sides. Below the head (9mm below the chain-loop), is an integral raised, circular-sectioned collet or headstud (4.0mm high, 4.8mm diameter and 1.7mm recessed depth), which would have held glass paste or similar but with no remnants evident. There is no decoration on the sides of the collet. The bow has broken beneath the collet but the beginning of vertical ribbed and grooved decoration is evident above the break. The sides also have projecting lugs (giving the bow a width of 8.9mm) above the break. The rear of the bow is flat until above the break, where it is hollowed with no suggestion of the top of the catch-plate. The surface is worn and corroded with a pale to mid-green patina.

NMGW-58D455: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of Hod Hill or allied type and of 1st century AD date The broch is incomplete, missing the leg and pin with a surviving length of 30.5mm, a distorted surviving depth of 11.3mm and a weight of 2.2g). The missing pin was hinged within the rolled head (11.8mm wide and 4.3mm diameter), with a slot to accommodate the missing pin. Iron corrosion within the rolled head suggest a ferrous axis bar. The bow is flat-sectioned with straight sides (9.3mm wide and 1.2mm thick at the head), converging gently to the break across the leg. The bow appears to have been decorated with raised edges and a midrib, with central groove, although the detail has been lost through corrosion. The decoration extends as far as the break. The rear of the bow is flat with no suggestion for the beginning of the catch-plate present. The surface is very-heavily corroded with remnants of a dark-green patina but elsewhere has a pale-green corrosion or is stripped to a pale red-brown surface.

Roman copper alloy bow brooch of Aucissa, Hod Hill or allied type and of 1st century AD date The cast brooch is incomplete, missing the head (with a surviving length of 46.5mm, a surviving depth of 9.5mm and a weight of 3.1g). The bow is flat sectioned with straight sides gradually converging before narrowing more sharply above foot (with a width and thickness at the break of 8.0mm and 1.3mm respectively). The front of the bow is decorated with a raised midrib, enhanced with a central groove. The sides of the bow appear to have had raised edges but are now corroded and damaged. The Foot is of spherical form (4.0m – 4.5mm diameter) and was decorated with an encircling groove. The centrally placed catch-plate on the rear of the leg has lost its catch and extends into the top of the foot. Remnant traces of a dark-green patina are evident on the surface but elsewhere has a pale-green corrosion over the red-brown surface.

NMGW-58ED0C: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of uncertain type and of 1st or 2nd century AD date The cast brooch is fragmentary, represented by the leg only (with a surviving length of 20.2mm, a surviving depth of 13.9mm and a weight of 3.1g). The leg has broken just below the top of the catch-plate and is of D-shaped section, with straight near-parallel sides. There is no discernible decoration on the front of the leg. The Catch-plate is positioned to one side of the rear of the leg and has a curving upper edge. The catch is mostly preserved (with a length of 3.5mm). The flat-bottomed foot is slender and projects forward slightly. The surface is corroded and pitted with a dark-green patina. The fragmentary condition of the brooch makes typological identification difficult but the leg form is often recorded on T-shaped and allied brooches.

NMGW-58F8C3: BROOCH
Copper alloy decorated strip, probably a fragment of a bow from a Roman brooch of uncertain type but probably of 1st century AD date The brooch fragment is from the mid bow, missing the head and leg (with a surviving length of 19.5mm and a weight of 1.1g). The strip is flat-sectioned (1.6mm – 2.0mm thick) and one face is slightly convex and decorated with four vertical ribs, enhanced with transverse notches. The ribs are bounded on one end by a transverse rib, only partially preserved. The sides are largely eroded and truncated (with a surviving maximum width of 9.5mm) but appear to have been straight and near-parallel and there is the possibility that there were originally side lugs, now lost. The rear is not decorated and has no diagnostic features. The surface has a dark-green patina. The very fragmented condition of the brooch makes typological identification indeterminate but the form and decoration is generally consistent with Aucissa, Hod Hill and allied type of 1st century AD date.

NMGW-590BC1: STRAP END
Early Medieval copper alloy strap-end of Thomas’ (2003)[1] Class B Type 2 and of late 8th to 11th century date The cast strap-end is near-complete (with a length of 44.9mm and a weight of 6.0g). The strap-end is widest at the attachment end (at 10.4mm) and is forked (with a thickness of 3.2mm and a fork length of 10mm) with a central bifurcation on the attachment edge, around the two missing attachment rivets. The end is flat sectioned with straight sides converging towards the midsection. The strap-end has a gentle s-shaped long profile, with the curve positioned at the junction of the attachment end and midsection. There is minimal decoration on the attachment end, with widely spaced edge notches but no decoration evident on the face. The midsection is of D-shaped section with straight parallel sides (15mm long, 3.1mm thick and 6.9mm wide). The zoomorphic terminal depicts a beast’s head with the ends of the ears projecting slightly from the sides. The head and brow are defined by an incised triangle, with incised eyes beneath. The sides of the terminal are indented to the snout. Any other surface detail has been lost to surface wear. The surface has a dark-green patina with areas of pale-green corrosion. [1] Thomas, G.; 2003, Late Anglo-Saxon and Viking Age strap-ends 750-1100: Part 1; The finds Research Group AD700-1700, Datasheet 32

NMGW-5942EB: FLAT AXEHEAD
Early Bronze Age developed flat axe of Needham’s Class 4 but of uncertain sub-type, probably dating to Willerby assemblage (Metalworking Assemblage V), the later part of Needham’s (1996)[1] Period 3 to c. 1900 – 1600BC The axehead is near-complete but has lost all of its surface, except at the blade edge and is a comparatively small axe (with a length of 80.5mm and a weight of 101.8g). The axe is likely to have had a lozengic long profile but the surface loss has eradicated any median bevel. The butt (with a width of 18mm and a thickness of 1.7mm) is straight and angled to one side. The sides are straight and near-parallel, gently divergent, before diverging more sharply at the blade (52mm from the butt, where the axe body has a width of 25.5mm). The blade is now asymmetric, differentially worn or corroded on one side. The blade edge is moderately expanded, producing a curved blade edge (with a surviving blade width of 38.2mm). The flanges appear to have begun just below the butt and probably reached their maximum heights around the midpoint of the axe (with a surviving maximum depth of 11.3mm and a height of 2.1mm), which was likely to have corresponded with the median bevel. The sides are convex across their thicknesses and there is the suggestion of a central ridge. The flanges are likely to have been hammered, rather than cast. The faces are now gently convex across their lengths, with no surviving evidence for a median bevel or for blade facets. The blades also have a gentle convexity across their widths. The surface survives near the blade edge with a dark-brown green patina. Sharpening striations running along the blade are discernible on one face. Elsewhere the surface has been lost and has corroded bright-green. The loss of surface detail makes typological identification difficult. The low flanges indicate a developed form and the straight butt and straight, near-parallel sides, only more divergent at the blade may suggest an axe of Type Bandon, as defined by Schmidt and Burgess (1981, p. 65-8)[2], furthermore, its comparatively small size would seemingly indicate the variant Swinton. [1] Needham, S. 1996; Chronology and Periodisation in the British Bronze Age, Acta Archaeologica 67, p. 121-140 [2] Schmidt, P.K. & Burgess, C. 1981; The Axes of Scotland and Northern Ireland, Praähistorische Bronzefunde Abteilung IX, 7. Band 7

NMGW-595043: FINGER RING
Medieval copper alloy seal finger-ring probably of 12th to 15th century date The cast finger-ring is incomplete, missing part of the slightly distorted hoop (with a length and width of 23.8mm and a weight of 5.1g). The hoop is of D-shaped section, narrowest at its base (at 2.0mm wide and 1.7mm thick), widening to the shoulders. The shoulders are faceted producing a rounded trapezoidal section. The bezel is oval (16mm long and 10.0mm wide) and has an incised motif, arranged around double grooves at the centre. The design is possibly of vegetal form, depicting the foliage and stalk above roots below the ground, represented by central rib and may represent the ‘tree of life’. The surface has a dark-green patina.

NMGW-5957A5: PALSTAVE
Bronze Age bronze early palstave or Early Short-Flanged axe, sharing features with Bar-Stop axes (Stegbeile) as defined by Schmidt and Burgess (1981, p.89-90)[1] and of Acton Park 1 metalworking industry, straddling the end of the Early Bronze Age to the beginning of the Middle Bronze Age; c. 1600 – 1400BC The axe is near-complete but is heavily-corroded (with a length of 144.5mm and a weight of 321.7g). The butt appears slightly eroded and is of irregular shape (with a width of 20.4mm and a thickness of 4.5mm). The sides are straight and near-parallel as far as the top of the blade, to a point just below where the flanges end (where the axe has a width of 26.4mm). There is no suggestion that there was a side loop but there is the suggestion of possible nicking on the sides where the flanges end, although corrosion has removed any detail. Below the flanges the sides diverge more sharply to produce an expanded blade with a crescentic blade edge (51.3mm wide), damaged on one side. The sides are flat across their thicknesses. The flanges are truncated through corrosion or damage and begin just beneath the butt, rising with a gradual curve to reach a maximum height above the stop (with a maximum surviving height of 23.5mm). The flanges appear comparatively thin (at 2.5mm – 3.7mm thick) and are perpendicular to the septum. The septum is flat across its length and has a gentle concavity across its width (with a thickness of 6.5mm, a length of 57mm and a width of 16mm – 18mm). The ledge stop is perpendicular to the septum (with a height of 11.0mm) and has a slight concavity across its width. There is a casting flaw at the base of the stop on one face. On one face, the stop projects above the blade faces, highest at the centre (5.1mm high) but near level to the blade at the sides and giving the impression of the stop being detached from the flanges. The stop on the other face (with the flaw) is less raised above the face and here the flanges are more damaged, making any distinction poorly defined. There is no shield pattern or midrib now evident below the stop, there is however the suggestion of a D-shaped depression at the top of the blade and it is possible to tentatively suggest an enclosing moulding, where the surface is better preserved on one face. The blade faces are subtly convex across both their lengths and widths with no discernible blade facets but giving a near-rectangular body section. There is a curved ridge evident on both faces (19mm from the blade edge) and is likely to define the position of a blade facet, now lost to corrosion. The original surface has largely been lost but with occasional surviving remnants of dark-brown patina over the pitted, pale-green surface. The axe appears to be somewhat transitional between flanged axes and early palstaves. The prominent bar ledge stop relates to ‘primitive’ palstaves, perhaps of Shield Pattern type, if the suggested shield-pattern decoration is correct. The separation between the stop and flanges, perhaps relates to Early Short Flanged axes and the suggested nicked sides would also be an early feature. The loss of more subtle details of the axe makes precise typological identification difficult. Needham (1996, p 133)[2] and others have argued that there is considerable overlap for ‘final EBA and earliest MBA’ types and this axe form would appear to relate to this overlap. [1] Schmidt, P.K. & Burgess, C. 1981; The Axes of Scotland and Northern Ireland, Praähistorische Bronzefunde Abteilung IX, 7. Band 7 [2] Needham, S. 1996; Chronology and Periodisation in the British Bronze Age, Acta Archaeologica 67, p. 121-140

NMGW-595FB9: BUCKLE
Medieval copper alloy buckle frame of 13th to 16th century date The cast buckle is of rectangular form and is comparatively small (13.0mm long, 15.0mm wide and weighing 1.8g) missing its pin and any plates that it may have had. The frame is of faceted hexagonal section (2.4mm thick and 2.0mm – 2.5mm wide). The outside edge is decorated with notches defining ribs on both faces. The surface has green-brown patina. The small frame, slightly unusual but closely paralleled with a smaller example (2017.39.13) found in the proximity may suggest a specialised function for the buckles.

NMGW-596C1B: BUCKLE
Medieval copper alloy buckle frame of 13th to 16th century date The cast buckle is of rectangular form and is comparatively small (10.1mm long, 14.4mm wide and weighing 1.3g) missing its pin and any plates that it may have had. The frame is of faceted hexagonal section (2.5mm thick and 1.4mm – 1.8mm wide). The outside edge is decorated with notches defining ribs on both faces. The surface has dark-green-patina. The small frame, slightly unusual but closely paralleled with a slightly larger example (2017.39.12) found in the proximity may suggest a specialised function for the buckles.

NMGW-598318: BLADE
Copper alloy blade fragment, probably a Bronze Age reworked blade, possibly of Middle Bronze Age date The weapon is fragmentary, represented by the lower part of the hilt and the top of the blade (with a surviving length of 67.1mm and a weight of 11.9g). The hilt has broken through a rivet-hole, positioned off-centre (with a diameter of 4.2mm). The hilt has a lenticular section at the break (2.0mm thick at the break and 3.2mm thick at the shoulders), becoming lozengic at the shoulders. The sides of the hilt are moderately straight and diverge slightly towards the shoulders (with a width at the break of 12.6m and 15.0mm above the shoulders) and both sides appear to have been blunted (with a thickness of 1.3mm). The shoulders are expanded (where the blade has a maximum width and thickness of 16.9mm and 3.4mm respectively). Below the shoulders, the blade narrows sharply to produce a rapier type blade profile (with a width and thickness at the break of 6.0mm and 1.6mm respectively). The top of the blade has a defined mid-ridge, with the suggestion of a flat-topped ridge near the break. The original blade edge has been lost and it is now uncertain whether any of the damage relates to its contemporary use. A curve at the break indicates that the blade was bent prior to breaking. The surface has surviving remnants of a mid-brown patina over a darker-brown corrosion The comparatively long hilt with central rivet placement does not correspond with typical wide and trapezoidal butted dirks and rapiers, usually secured with side rivets or notches. The blade width is also unusually slender. The fragmentary condition of the weapon makes a definitive identification problematic, however it is possible to suggest that the weapon was reworked from an earlier blade. Rapiers were in use in Britain principally through the Taunton and Penard Metalworking Industries of the Middle Bronze, dated to c. 1400 – 1100BC.

NMGW-59A913: HARNESS PENDANT
Medieval copper alloy shield-shaped harness pendant of 13th or 14th century date The shield-shaped pendant is near-complete but heavily-corroded (with an overall length of 39.6mm and a weight of 6.8g). The pendant was hinged to a missing suspension mount by the oval loop at the apex (with a length of 8.8mm high, a depth of 4.6mm and 2.3mm – 3.7mm thick) with a sub-circular perforation, containing the iron corrosion from the hinge pin. The shield-shaped pendant (31.4mm long, 23.5mm wide and 1.0mm – 2.0mm thick) was convex but has been distorted. The heraldic device included a Cross, slightly recessed, possibly for enamel and possibly enhanced with elaborate sides. Corrosion has removed much of the detail in addition to any enamel or gilding on the pendant. The surface been stripped to dark-brown metal with a pale-green patchy corrosion.

NMGW-59FD6B: BROOCH
Late Iron Age to Roman copper alloy penannular brooch of Fowler’s (1960)[1] Type D1, of 1st century BC to 4th century AD date The brooch is near-complete missing the pin (with a weight of 3.0g). The ring is sub-circular (28.8mm wide and 26.8mm long) and the frame is of sub-square section near the terminals to circular section near the top (2.0mm diameter). The ring has no applied decoration. The terminals are folded back on themselves (with a return length of 4.5mm and a depth of 4.2mm and 5.0mm) and each terminal is decorated with two transverse grooves. There is a discreet patch of iron corrosion around the frame, possibly indicating an iron pin was used. The surface is pitted with a dark-green patina and some pale-green corrosion. The folded-back terminals, decorated with incised lines define the penannular as of Fowler’s Type D1 (Fowler, 1960, p 152). Fowler states that her Type D brooches become current in the late 1st century BC to early 1st century AD (Fowler, 1960, p 167) but appear to continue through the Roman period and Crummy (1983, p 19) has suggested that there may have been a resurgence of interest in the form during the late Roman period. The brooch can be paralleled with an example published by Hattatt (1987, no. 1289, pp 298)[2] recovered from Lechlade, Gloucestershire. Hattatt states that the type corresponds with Hull’s type P.4 and gives the Lechlade brooch a probable 1st century AD date. [1] Fowler, E., 1960; The Origins and Development of the Penannular Brooch in Europe; Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society XXVI, pp 149-177 [2] Hattatt, R.; 1987; Brooches of Antiquity

NMGW-5A15AC: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of Trumpet type and of late 1st or 2nd century AD date The brooch is fragmentary, represented by the head and was comparatively massive (with a surviving length of 32.8mm, a surviving depth of 23.3mm and a weight of 18.3g) and was elaborately decorated. The brooch utilised a spring mechanism, now lost. The spring was secured around a central D-shaped lug (6.5mm high, 13mm long and 3.2mm – 4.2mm thick), perforated to accept a copper alloy axis bar, which is retained in the lug. The rear of the head is slightly dished to accommodate the internal chord. Above the head is an integral plate (14mm long, 12.2mm wide and 5.4mm deep) with a converging moulding at the base. The plate held a circular setting, probably of glass within a circular cell (7.5mm diameter) and secured through a perforation at the rear. The rear of the plate is flat. The trumpet head (19.0mm diameter) narrows to the break at the top of the bow (where the bow has a diameter of 6.6mm). The elaborate decoration on the head includes a border of punched S-marks, which converge at the top of the bow and may have enhanced a midrib, now lost to corrosion on the bow fragment. On the sides of the head and along the bow fragment were opposing C-scrolls, joined at the base in blue enamel. The surface has a dark-green patina with a areas of bright-green corrosion and red-brown surface loss. The Trumpet brooch would have been a comparatively large and elaborately decorated example and can be broadly paralleled with fine brooches of the type, such as the silver trumpet brooch with relief decoration from Carmarthen (Boon & Savory, 1975)[1] or the enamelled brooch from Ogof-yr-Esgyn. This brooch differs in having a solid, integral head-plate, which can be paralleled on a Trumpet brooch from an unstratified context excavated at Carmarthen (Webster, 2003, no 12, p. 297-8)[2], the Carmarthen brooch also has a rounded, perforated recessed cell to take a lost setting. [1] Boon, G.C. & Savory, H.N.; 1975; A Silver Trumpet-Brooch with Relief Decoration, Parcel-Gilt Form from Carmarthen and a note on the Development of the Type; Antiquaries Journal 55 [2] Webster, J.; The Small Finds in James, H.; Roman Carmarthen; Excavations 1978-83; Britannia Monograph No. 20 uity

NMGW-5A6000: NAIL CLEANER
Copper alloy looped fitting, possibly a Roman nail cleaner of 1st or 2nd century AD date The fitting appears to be complete but a little distorted (with a length of 50.1mm and a weight of 0.8g). At the apex is a loop with out-turned terminal (4.6mm deep and 3.0mm internal diameter), which contains a central slot around from the terminal to where the loop returns. The slot contains a fragment of circular-sectioned wire abutting the interior of the strip. The strip or shaft below the loop is of consistent rectangular section (2.8mm wide and 0.6mm thick) with no surviving decoration. The shaft terminates in a two-pronged fork (1mm long) with no central groove on either face. The surface has been stripped to a red-brown corrosion with patches of pale-green corrosion discernible. The loop and forked-end occur on simple nail-cleaners of Roman date but the looped shaft would be somewhat unusual and falls outside of Crummy’s (1983)[1] typology for nail-cleaners. Furthermore the slot containing wire suggests the fitting may have been sprung and therefore indicates a different function. The forked end does appear to be deliberate and not broken but the lack of a central groove would be atypical. [1] Crummy, N.; 1983, The Roman Small Finds from excavations in Colchester 1971-9; Colchester Archaeological Report 2

NMGW-5ACA14: MOUNT
Fragment of decorative metalwork of uncertain function, possibly a vessel mount of late Iron Age to early Roman date, c. 1st century BC to 2nd century AD The fragment (with a weight of 104g) is very-heavily corroded and of uncertain original form. One end has a sub-oval face, seemingly broken in all directions (with a surviving length of 22.6mm and a surviving width of 12.1mm), slightly domed that was decorated with enamelled cells of curvilinear form. Two of the surviving cells are sub-circular and contain pale-blue enamel, another two surviving cells were perhaps of droplet form and one of the cells contain remnants of a red enamel, seemingly of ‘sealing wax’ type. The end has an overhanging flange on one side of the shaft, which is of D-shaped section. The underside of the flange has concave facets, but no decorative feature survive. The underside of the fragment is irregularly hollowed and converges to a point (with a surviving depth of 6mm) but does not appear to be socket. The surface is heavily-corroded and pitted with no original surface surviving. The fragmentary state and corroded condition make identification very difficult the enamelled cells in a curvilinear arrangement and possibly containing ‘sealing-wax’ red enamel may suggest a late Iron Age – Early Roman date.

NMGW-5ADA97: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch fragment of uncertain type and of 1st or 2nd century AD date The brooch is represented by the corroded head only (with a surviving length of 10.5mm, a surviving depth of 5.7mm and a weight of 2.8g). The brooch employed a spring mechanism, possibly in a Polden Hill, hook type arrangement but the wing terminals or hook are no longer present (with a surviving width of 17.1mm). The projecting head is of rectangular section (8.0mm wide and 5.4mm thick) and has broken at the turn to the bow. No decoration survives on the broch fragment. The surface has a dark-grey green patina.

NMGW-5B682E: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of Hod Hill type and of 1st century AD date The cast brooch is incomplete, missing the pin (with a length of 34.5mm, a depth of 9.1mm and a weight of 1.9g). The missing pin was hinged within the rolled head (with a 10.5mm and a diameter of 2mm) with some remnants of the iron axis bar remaining in place. The head narrows and is thin to the bow (with a minimum width of 3.7mm where it has a thickness of 0.6mm). The top of the bow is of D-shaped section (6.3mm wide and 3.1mm thick) with concave sides as far as the leg. The bow is decorated with a prominent central groove. The bow thins again at the leg with straight sides converging to the foot. The leg is decorated with a grooved border on the sides. The foot is rounded and projects forward. The catch-plate is slightly damaged with comparatively short catch. The surface has a dark-brown patina.

NMGW-5B8619: BRACELET
Roman copper alloy bracelet terminal fragment, probably of 3rd or 4th century date The cast bracelet is represented by the hooked terminal and start of the band and is now distorted (with a surviving length of 26.8mm, a surviving depth of 24.8mm, a surviving straightened length of 31mm and a weight of 2.3g). The hooked terminal (2.6mm long and 4.9mm deep) has a pointed end and has four transverse grooves at the start of the band. The sides of the band are straight and gradually divergent to the break. The band is of sub-rectangular section and is decorated with a central groove before three transverse groves, flanking a ring and dot, now worn. The bracelet has broken through a second transverse groove after the ring and dot (where the bracelet has a maximum surviving width and thickness of 4.3mm and 1.6mm respectively). The surface is worn with a brown patina.

Roman copper alloy bow brooch of Polden Hill type and of 1st or 2nd century AD date The cast brooch is fragmentary, represented by the head only (with a surviving length of 22.7mm, a surviving depth of 13.0mm and a weight of 9.8g). The missing spring was secured behind semi-cylindrical wings (26.8mm wide and 8.2mm diameter) with the axis bar fastened through perforated end lugs. The chord may have been tensioned by a lug at the head but has been removed by corrosion. The fronts of the wings were decorated with vertical ribbing, flanked by grooves. The top of the bow is heavily-corroded but there is the suggestion of a decorative rib running around the top of the head. There is also the suggestion of a midrib but any other decoration has been lost. The bow is worn and of oval section (with a width and thickness at the head of 10.3mm and 6.2mm respectively), with straight sides tapering to an eroded point. There is a rib evident on the rear of the bow, extending from the base of the head and likely to have extended into the catch-plate on the leg. The surface is very-heavily pitted with a pale to mid green corrosion.

NMGW-5C2BE7: BROOCH
Roman enamelled copper alloy bow brooch of uncertain type and of 2nd century AD date The brooch is fragmentary, represented by the mid bow only (with a surviving length of 29.5mm and a weight of 4.0g). The possible fragment of upper bow (but possibly top of the leg) is of rounded triangular-sectioned at the break (4.9mm both wide and thick). There is no suggestion of a catch-plate on the rear. The bow was decorated with enamelled cells each side, probably of concave-sided triangles, possibly with a linear cell extending up the bow. No trace of enamel survives in the cell. The button is semi-circular (9.0mm wide and 8.0mm thick) and is decorated with cells containing red enamel of linked, concave sided lozenges. The brooch has broken at the base of the button. The surface is corroded dark-green patina and areas of pale-green. The fragmentary condition of the brooch, missing the head and leg makes typological identification indeterminate. The button form is consistent with Trumpet and allied types but occasionally also a feature of some T-shaped types.

NMGW-5C4115: FURNITURE FITTING
Socketed fitting of Roman date, possibly a furniture fitting The cast fitting is incomplete, mossing the mouth and is of circular form (with a surviving maximum length of 27.5mm and a weight of 83.2g). The circular socket rim has no original edge surviving (with a consistent internal diameter of 35.4, an external diameter of 39.2mm and a thickness of 1.3mm – 2.4mm).The sides of the socketed are straight and parallel (with a maximum surviving internal depth of 18.0mm). There is the suggestion of a damaged perforation through the sides at one point (suggesting a diameter of c. 4mm), presumably for attachment. No decoration is evident on the sides of the socket and the internal base of the socket is flat and is not decorated. The terminal of the fitting flares outwards to a rim diameter of 46.5mm) and has a decorative midrib on the outside surface. The interior of the terminal has a concave rim before a circular rib on the base (28mm diameter)The inner part of the base has a slightly raised circular platform (7.1mm diameter and 1.0mm high) with a central circular boss (5.0mm diameter), flanked by a recessed ring. The surface has brown corrosion with a dark-green patina. The socketed fitting has been difficult to closely parallel but the form of the terminal is similar in form to ‘bell-shaped studs’, as discussed by Allason-Jones (1985)[1]. The general form of ‘bell-shaped studs’ are smaller, solid cast, without a socket and with an iron shank and may have had diverse decorative functions, such as on furniture and lock plates. It is possible that the socket on this fitting may have been attached to furniture as decorative terminal. Smaller socketed ‘bell-shaped studs’ have been recorded, such as an example recorded with PAS from Thornbury, South Gloucestershire (GLO-93C852). [1] Allason-Jones, L..; 1985 ‘Bell-Shaped Studs’? in Bishop, M.C., (ed) ; The Production and Distribution of Roman Military Equipment; 95 – 108; BAR International Series 275

NMGW-5C50BA: HARNESS PENDANT
Roman copper alloy harness pendant of 1st or 2nd century date The cast pendant is incomplete and eroded, making its original shape uncertain but was possibly of lozengic form (with a surviving length of 33.4mm, a surviving width of 27.3mm and a weight of 5.5g). The loop is damaged and broken before the turn (with a surviving length of 8.2mm, a width of 3.0mm – 5.0mm and a thickness of 2.4mm). The shoulders are horizontal and flat (with a width of 16.7mm) before widening to a point, surviving on one side and narrowing again to the base, now rounded. The pendant is has a droplet-shaped moulding (giving a maximum thickness of 4.2mm) abutting two oval apertures, slightly angled near the base (8mm x 4mm). The front of the pendant has some incised decoration evident but mostly obscured by corrosion, probably comprising an incised border and possibly decorative curved lines on the interior. The rear of the pendant is hollowed behind the moulding and appears to have had a linear lug with central groove near the base. The surface is heavily-corroded with remnants of a mid-green patina and encrusted pale-green corrosion.

NMGW-5C70E8: VESSEL
Probable Roman copper alloy jug lid of 1st to 4th century AD date The cast lid is fragmentary and with only a very short length of original edge surviving (with a surviving length of 36.7mm, a surviving width of 32.4mm and a weight of 16.0g). The plate lid is thinnest around the edge (with a thickness of 1.3mm) and has a cast raised circular boss (of 22.3mm diameter, where the lid has a thickness of 3.0mm – 3.5mm). At the centre of the circle is an integral circular-sectioned handle lug (10.1mm diameter at its base, 11.9mm high and with an overall depth of 14.9mm). The top face is decorated with punched circles, tightly positioned on one side of the raised circle and apparently extending to the edges but seemingly with four rings of punched circles radiating from the central boss. The rear of the raised circle has no punched circles but has three punched grooves. No decoration is evident on the corroded handle lug. The lid is gently convex, while the underside is hollowed at the position of the lug and is less-finished. The surface has a dark-green patina. The damage to the lid makes the identification uncertain, however lids of similar form have been recovered from Roman period sites, including Usk (Webster, 1995, p. 192-4) often of heart-shaped form and recovered from Neronian contexts.

NMGW-5C8955: VESSEL
Roman copper alloy vessel handle from a jug, probably of 1st to 3rd century AD date The handle is fragmentary, missing the handle grip (with a surviving length of 37.0mm and a weight of 18.2g). The handle was originally fitted with a lid, hinged between twin open lugs on the upper part of the handle, now damaged (with a width of 11.1mm, an opening 4mm wide and a height of 7.2mm). Beneath the hinge are two curved arms, now damaged and truncated (with a surviving width of 23.9mm). The arms would have been soldered to the rim of the vessel (suggesting a rim diameter of approximately 50mm). At the top of the handle is a thumb-lever stub (7mm long) of oval to sub-circular section (4-5mm in diameter). The handle grip fragment is of rounded D-shape section with straight parallel sides as far as the break (with a width of 7.1mm and a thickness of 5.7mm). No applied decoration is discernible and the surface, which a dark green patina. A jug handle was excavated from the fortress at Usk (Webster, 1995, p 192-194) from a Pre-Flavian context. Both handles have a lid hinge and thumb-lever, but the excavated handle differs in rising sharply above the neck compared to this example, which is flat from the rim.

NMGW-6DF44D: PADLOCK
Copper alloy probable medieval padlock of 12th or 13th century date The padlock has broken through a perforation in the arm and is missing the bar (with a length of 34.3mm, a height of 31.8mm and a weight of 18.4g). The cylinder is faceted on the exterior, with an opening on the underside and a groove at the top of the sides. The interior has an oval opening, now distorted at the mouth (10.6mm x 8.2mm and 0.6mm - 1.3mm thick). Within the mouth is a plate (4mm inside), with a vertical bar, dividing the cylinder. Above the cylinder is an integral, rectangular-sectioned flange (3.0mm thick), incorporating an arm tab at each end, only one of which now survives. The top edge of the flange has a decorative undulation. Both arms had a circular perforated (3.7mm diameter), with the damaged arm broken through the perforation. The complete arm is surmounted by the bolt collar (6.2mm external diameter and 4.5mm internal, giving a height for the arm of 16mm). Below the mouth is a square sectioned platform (7.2mm square, 4mm high). The other end of the cylinder is closed and decorated with a trefoil below. Between the platform and closed end is a sub-rectangular slot (24.3mm x 6.7mm), widened at the closed end. The surface is corroded and pitted with a mid-green patina. The lock resembles padlocks used on caskets and boxes of 12th and 13th century date, as outlined by Egan (1998, p 91-99)[1]. This example however has a solid end-plate with the bar perhaps locking from beneath. The lock form can be closely paralleled with a more fragmentary example recorded from the same field in 2009[2]. [1] Egan G., 1998; Medieval Finds from Excavations in London: 6; The Medieval Household Daily Living c.1150-1450; Museum Of London [2] NMWPA 2009.129.5

NMGW-6EA9BD: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of Trumpet type and of 1st to 2nd century AD date The brooch is heavily-corroded and incomplete, missing the spring, catch-plate and lower leg (with a surviving length of 47.2mm, a surviving depth of 17.7mm and a weight of 10.9g). The missing spring was secured around a central lug on the rear of the head, now lost. The head is oval (13.8mm long and 10.1mm wide). Corrosion has removed all the detail from the head, there is the suggestion of a horizontal moulding at the apex, possibly indicating the presence of a chain-loop. The bow narrows before widening again at the button. The button is of uncertain form and continued onto the rear of the bow. The leg is now rounded through and of oval section, eroded to a point near the base of the leg. The beginning of the catch-plate is discernible as a rib on the rear of the leg. The surface has a pale-green corrosion.

NMGW-6F1C18: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of T-shaped type and of 1st or 2nd century AD date The brooch is near-complete, missing the catch-plate (with a length of 61.3mm, a depth of 23mm and a weight of 12.8g). The pin is hinged, secured between tubular wings (with a width of 29.4mm and a diameter of 3.8mm – 4.9mm). The pin head has an expansion at the rear to tension the pin against the bow and the pin shaft is circular-sectioned (51.4mm long and 2.4mm diameter). At the centre of the head is a simple integral chain-loop (7.7mm wide and 3.9mm internal diameter). The ends of the wings were decorated with a pair of vertical grooves. The top of the bow (12.5mm wide and 3.5mm thick) projects forward and has a central ridge before turning to a near-perpendicular angle to the front of the bow. The bow has a raised central rectangular panel (5.3mm wide and 28.9mm long). The panel is enhance with three parallel groves defining four ribs. The rear of the bow is dished. The sides of the bow are straight and convergent to the foot. The leg is of D-shaped section with no applied decoration surviving. The foot is also D-shaped and projects forward. The catch-plate is truncated and has lost the catch. The surface has a pale to mid-green patina with some traces of silvering or tinning surviving.

NMGW-6F4B2A: DAGGER
Copper alloy blade, probably corroded remnants of an Early Bronze Age dagger The leaf-shaped blade is truncated and heavily-corroded (with a surviving length of 47.9mm and a weight of 6.1g). The butt is evenly-rounded, giving the blade a maximum width at the base of the blade of 18.9mm). There are small rounded indents beneath the start of the blade edge, possibly remnants of rivet notches to secure the handle. The butt is thinned (with a minimum thickness of 0.8mm) and reaches its maximum thickness (of 2.5mm) near the midpoint of the blade. The butt is flat across its width, while the blade appears to have had a rounded central ridge. The original blade edge and tip have been lost. The surface is very-heavily pitted and has a pale to mid-green patina. Metallurgical analysis was undertaken[1] using X-Ray fluorescence, which demonstrated the alloy is a tin-bronze with trace elements of iron, lead, zinc and arsenic detected. [1] By Mary Davis; Principal Analytical Services Officer at Amgueddfa Cymru

NMGW-6F656E: HARNESS PENDANT
Medieval copper alloy harness pendant of 13th or 14th century date The harness pendant is near-complete and includes the hinged suspension mount (with an overall length of 34.6mm and a weight of 6.3g). The suspension mount was attached using a single square-sectioned tapering integral rivet (with a length of 2.0mm and an overall depth of 8.9mm). The front of the mount is domed (with a diameter of 7.4mm) with the hinge beneath. The hinge beneath is also of globular rounded form. The pendant is shield-shaped and is comparatively small (with a length of 29.2mm, a length of the shield of 20.1mm, a width of 17.0mm and a thickness of 1.7mm – 2.7mm). The shield pendant is decorated with red enamel surrounding three lions passant and the raised lions have surviving remnants of the gilt surface: Or, gules three lions passant, as in the ‘Arms of England’. The pendant has a slight convexity. There is some damage to the periphery but much of the surface survives with a dark-brown patina. Traces of iron corrosion are present on the hinge.

NMGW-6FD7BC: STRAP END
Zoomorphic copper alloy terminal possibly a strap-end The terminal is near-complete, and is very small (with an overall length of 13.4mm and a weight of 1.4g) and depicts an ox-head. The terminal comprises four plates (with a thickness of 4.4mm), secured by a single rivet (of 3mm diameter) through the centre. The two inner plates have a straight attachment edge (with a width of 5.8mm) and have straight near-parallel sides before the rounded end. There is a slight space between the two inner plate, possibly to accommodate a strap, or similar. The top plate is convex across its width and undulates across its length in the form of a bovine head. The rounded shout is convex before a transverse rib at the brow. The eyes are subtly defined by parallel grooves. Only one of the ears now survive, which projects above and to the side. The inner plate has vertical grooves between the ears, perhaps suggesting it was visible during use. The plate on the underside is also rounded and undulates, defining the underside of the head but has no applied decoration. The fitting is possibly a strap-end but is unusual both in its diminutive scale and its construction, utilising four separate plates, riveted together. Although the terminal is difficult to parallel, the decorative style of the bovine head is consistent with Roman and Early Medieval fittings.

Roman copper alloy bow brooch of Polden Hill type and of 1st or 2nd century AD date The brooch is incomplete, missing the spring and leg and has a distorted bow (with a surviving length of 44.1mm, a surviving straightened depth of 8.0mm and a weight of 5.4g). The missing spring was secured between perforated lateral lugs (with a width of 22.0mm and a diameter of 6.2mm) and the chord was tensioned by a lug at the head. The wing terminals were decorated with a pair of vertical incised lines. The bow is of D-shaped section with straight sides, gradually converging towards the break (with a width and thickness at the head of 8.6mm and 3.8mm respectively). The lug at the head extends to define a midrib along the top of the bow (17mm long), flanked by converging grooves. Any other decorative detail on the bow has been lost. The bow is narrowed but thickened at the break probably to incorporate the catch-plate (with a width of 2.6mm and a thickness of 3.8mm). The surface is corroded and pitted with a pale-green to dark-brown patina.

NMGW-7072B3: HARNESS HOOK
Medieval copper alloy zoomorphic harness hook The cast harness hook is near-complete but heavily-corroded and with some distortion (with a length of 71.1mm and a weight of 12.2g). The head of the fitting (18mm long, 12.8mm wide and 8.3mm thick) is zoomorphic, in the form of a beast’s head, probably a dog. The beast is depicted with a grooved mouth, slightly open. The end of the snout is ridged and appears to have had grooves, as possible whiskers and indentations as nostrils. The snout has a prominent recesses groove before the ridged brow. Ovals defined by grooves at the rear of the head may have denoted ears. Much of the detail of the beast has been lost to corrosion. The neck is oval sectioned, before narrowing to the shaft, which is heavily-corroded and of flat section (2.7mm wide and 1.6mm thick). The hook is forward facing (13.4mm long and 11.5mm deep). The corroded surface is pale-green with traces of gilding surviving on the head, elsewhere the metal has been stripped to a red-brown corrosion.

NMGW-9AB261: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy brooch of T-shaped Type and of 1st or 2nd century AD date The brooch is fragmentary, represented by upper bow and partial head (with a surviving length of 26.6mm and a weight of 3.6g). The pin was hinged within tubular wings, one of which now survives (with a surviving width of 24.5mm and a diameter of 4.0mm). There is no evidence for a chain-loop at the head. The bow has damaged sides hut had a raised rim border (with a surviving width at the head of 14.4mm and a thickness of 2.6mm). The sides of the bow are straight and convergent to the break on the mid-bow (where the bow has a width of 4.1mm and a thickness of 1.9mm). The bow has a decorative V-shaped moulding at the head and a lozenge formed from two triangular cells on the mid-bow. The triangular cells are likely to have held enamel but none now survives. The rear of the bow is flat with no suggestion of the top of the catch-plate present. The surface has a dark-brown patina. The brooch conforms to T-shaped types with a distribution centred around the lower Severn and allied to Hull’s types 103-111. The form is perhaps a variant of Hull’s Type 104 but with an enamelled lozenge cells more frequently recorded decorating Hull’s Type 105.

NMGW-9B1D82: PALSTAVE
Bronze Age bronze palstave of Group I, Primary Shield Pattern type as defined by Schmidt & Burgess (1981)[1] and of Acton Park 1 metalworking Industry corresponding to Needham’s (1996)[2] Period 4 and probably dated to c. 1600 – 1450BC The palstave is near-complete, with some damage to the blade edge (with a length of 145.9mm and a weight of 475.5g). The butt is moderately straight and undulates slightly (with a width of 24.5mm and a thickness of 3.1mm). The flanges end just below the butt and rise to their highest point above the stop (with a maximum depth of 36.6mm and a maximum height above the septum of 14.5mm). The flanges have a slightly convex profile across their widths. The septum is concave across its width and the stop is of bar ledge form and is near-straight (with a maximum height above the septum of 12.5mm and 14.4mm). The sides of the palstave are straight and near-parallel, slightly divergent as far as the stop (with a width of 30.4mm), below which, they gradually become more divergent before expanding sharply to the splayed and recurved blade tips, now slightly damaged(producing a blade width of 62.0mm). There are subtle transverse ridges or ‘nicks’ on the sides below the stop (where the blade has a width of 32.2mm). The blade edge is asymmetric, partly through wear but with some damage at the centre. The casting seams are discernible but appear to have been carefully removed and finished on both sides. The flanges extend onto the top of the faces, flanking a central hollowing below the stop. The hollowing is coarse and unfinished but has a broadly ‘shield-pattern’ form. The axe faces are flat across their widths and their lengths before converging more sharply below a blade facet (17mm from the blade edge). The blade edge is corroded, with no surviving evidence for sharpening striations. One of the blade faces has striations running up the blade evident above the facet but beneath the patina, possibly finishing marks. The surface has a mid to dark-brown patina, largely preserved but damaged at the blade. The palstave demonstrates the characteristics of Primary Shield Pattern palstaves, but has a shallow depression rather than a moulding for the shield-pattern. This example with the recurved blade edge, slender body and of a smaller size the many Acton Park type examples, would suggest Type Colchester as defined by Schmidt & Burgess, (1981, p. 117). [1] Schmidt, P.K. & Burgess, C. 1981; The Axes of Scotland and Northern Ireland, Praähistorische Bronzefunde Abteilung IX, 7. Band 7 [2] Needham, S. 1996; Chronology and Periodisation in the British Bronze Age, Acta Archaeologica 67, p. 121-140

NMGW-9B2FFC: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch fragment of Trumpet type and of 1st or 2nd century AD date The brooch is represented by the head only (with a surviving length of 11.5mm, a surviving depth of 17.2mm and a weight of 5.1g). The missing spring was secured around a central circular loop at the rear of the head (7.0mm external diameter and 3.5mm internal diameter). There is no evidence for a plate on the head. The corroded trumpet-head is sub-circular (12.5mm x 11.5mm). There is a ridge running along the top of the bow and there is the suggestion of a grooved border along the edge of the head but all other detail has been lost. The sides of the bow converge for their short distance to the break (where the bow has a diameter of 4.1mm). The corroded surface has remants of a dark-green patina.

NMGW-9B4377: BUCKLE
Medieval copper alloy buckle of annular type, of mid-13th to mid-15th century date. The buckle frame is circular (with an external diameter of 38.5mm, an internal diameter of 31.4mm and a weight of 5.7g) but is heavily-corroded and with fragmentary pin. The frame is of oval section and is differentially worn and corroded (with a width of 1.6mm to 4.0mm wide and 1.0mm - 3.2mm thick). There is no pin restriction on the frame and no decoration is evident. The pin (with a surviving length of 24.0mm) has a moulding at its base and an open loop around the frame (10.1mm deep and 7.5mm long). The shaft is of sub-rectangular section (of 4.4mm by 3.5mm section below the moulding) and tapering to the break. The surface is corroded with a dark-green patina with areas of bright green corrosion.

NMGW-9B80F8: MOUNT
Copper alloy mount or looped fitting possibly of Roman date The cast mount is complete but is now slightly distorted (with a length of 28.5mm and a weight of 7.2g) and was of flat profile and section, thickest at the terminal loop (at 3.3mm thick). The mount is widest along the upper edge (where it has a width of 32.2mm and a thickness of 1.7mm) and is decorated with projecting points flanking two perforation arcs. The mount was attached using two iron pins near the sides and each side of a central circular aperture (6.2mm diameter). The sides of the mount are straight and converge towards the base, the sides were decorated with diagonal incised marks inside an incised border, now worn and largely lost. Any other incised decoration is no longer evident. The integral loop is of rounded form (12.2m wide and 13.8mm long with an internal diameter of 5.4mm) and is central to the base. The rear of the mount is flat and has undergone less finishing. The surface is worn with a pale to mid-green patina. The mount is difficult to closely parallel with archaeological finds. The style of decoration can be paralleled on Roman copper alloy artefacts but similar styles are also recorded on some post medieval objects.

NMGW-EA07E3: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of Polden Hill Type and of 1st or 2nd century AD date The cast brooch is incomplete, missing the spring and is comparatively short (with a length of 35.5mm, a depth of 16.1mm and a weight of 11.7g). The missing spring was housed within semi-cylindrical wings (26.4mm wide and with a diameter of 6.4mm – 7.2mm). The chord was tensioned by a lug at the head and the perforated lug retains a part of the copper alloy chord. The front of the wings is decorated with two prominent grooves either side of the head. The grooves define terminal and central ribs and the central bibs were enhanced with diagonal incised lines, now worn. The sides of the head have curved mouldings (giving the head a width of 7.7mm). The mouldings were also enhanced with diagonal marks, now largely worn and lost. The bow is of deep D-shaped section (with a maximum thickness at the head of 10.3mm) with straight sides converging to the pointed foot. The lug at the head extends along the top of the bow, gradually weakening and terminating near the position on the head where the side mouldings also end. No other decoration is evident on the bow. The foot has a slight moulding, projecting forwards. The catch-plate is as thick as the leg and has a decorative triangular aperture. The rear of the catch is decorated with two zones containing a diagonal incised line and divided by a double horizontal line. The surface has a dark-green patina.

NMGW-EA1682: MOUNT
Copper alloy openwork mount The one-piece cast mount is near-complete and of openwork form (with a length of 28.0mm, a width of 17.4mm and a weight of 1.2g). The mount a double-looped frame with internal oval loop and connecting central arm. The mount was symmetrical about both central axis. Both the sides and ends are of bifurcating to encompass the double-loop and internal loops. The frame is slender and of sub-rectangular section (1.3mm wide and 0.5mm thick) and is now damaged and broken at one of the ends. The mount was attached using four integral hooks, positioned at each corner. The surface has a dark-green patina.

NMGW-EA21CB: BUCKLE
Copper alloy buckle frame of D-shaped form and probably of Medieval date The buckle is complete (with a length of 22.6mm, a width of 35.5mm and a weight of 5.8g) but any associated sheet plates are not present. The outside edge and sides of the frame are of trapezoidal section (3.8mm – 5.2mm wide and 2.2mm thick). The bar is of rectangular section. There are deep diagonal striations evident on the frame, possibly decorative or possibly from finishing. The pin is present (26.8mm long) loped around the bar (9.6mm external diameter). The end of the loop is slightly open and is flattened with a V-shaped split, for uncertain reasons and may possibly have been reused. The loop is of faceted sub-circular section (3.0mm wide). There is a subtle grip at the top of the pin shaft. The pin shaft is of sub-rectangular section. The surface is corroded with a weak grey-green patina.

NMGW-EA53BB: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of T-shaped type and of 1st or 2nd century AD date The cast brooch is fragmentary, with only the head and top of the bow surviving (with a surviving length of 18.1mm, a surviving depth of 10.2mm and a weight of 5.7g). The missing pin was hinged within tubulars, now truncated (with a surviving width of 25.8mm and a diameter of 4mm – 6mm). The top of the bow is of D-shaped section, with straight but eroded sides converging to a break on the narrow bow (2.9mm wide and 2.2mm thick). There is the suggestion of a midrib on the bow but all other detail on the bow and wings has been lost to corrosion. The surface has a dark green and brown encrusted corrosion.

NMGW-EA5EA7: VESSEL
Medieval copper alloy ewer spout of 14th or 15th century date The cast spout is fragmentary, represented by the zoomorphic end of the spout in the form of the head of a water bird, probably a duck (with a length of 41.8mm and a height of 24.2mm and a weight of 22.0g, including sediment). The neck has broken below the head and is sub-circular sectioned (with an external diameter of 11.1mm – 11.9mm and internal diameter of 7.0mm). The fragmentary spout is widens and deepest at the head (with a width of 14.2mm and a depth of 16.8mm). The bird is depicted with short incised marks curving beneath the apex. The eyes are depicted by a ring and central dot. The centre of the head has a flat facet, which extends onto the top of the bill. The underside of the head has a subtle central ridge. The bird’s beak is depicted opened with the circular spout protruding (with an external diameter of 8.7mm, an internal diameter of 6.8mm and protruding 3.0mm – 12.3mm). Linear incised marks near the end of the bill define the nostrils. The surface has a dark-green patina. The ewer spout in the form of a duck’s head may be seen as variations on similar ewer spout depicting dog’s heads and dated to the 15th century. A dog’s head ewer spout was recovered from the moat of Cardiff Castle (Lewis, 1991)[1]. [1] Lewis, J.M. (1991), Bronze Aquamaniles and Ewers, Finds Research Group 700-1700 Datasheet 7

NMGW-EBDF21: GOUGE
Copper tanged gouge of uncertain date possibly Bronze Age The cast tanged gouge is complete (with a length of 86.2mm and a weight of 24.7g). The tang is pointed at its apex ad below is square to rectangular sectioned, with straight sides gradually diverging towards the blade (reaching a maximum thickness of 5.6mm at the top of the blade, where the gouge has a width of 9.8mm). The sides of the blade are also straight and diverge more markedly to the blade edge. There are no lugs or mouldings on the sides. The blade edge is straight (with a width of 23.4mm and, a depth of 4.2mm). The flute gradually both deepens and widens along the blade (with a length of 37mm). The surface is heavily-corroded and is stripped to the red-brown metal with traces of pale to dark-green patina. Metallurgical analysis was conducted on the gouge using X-Ray Fluorescence and suggested that the metal composition is largely copper. The gouge is of an unusual form and cannot easily be paralleled in Bronze Age metalwork. Gouges generally are of socketed form and date to the Late Bronze Age. Very few tanged gouges are recorded, with one of the few instances in the Carlton Rode (Norwich) hoard[1] of Ewart Park metalworking, although the examples are of significantly different form, being slender and collared. Tanged chisels are easier to parallel and also date to the Late Bronze Age but also generally have a collar or side lugs. Simple ‘chisels’ of similar form have been recovered, including the ‘axe-chisel’ from Llandyfan (Anglesey) associated with an Early Bronze Age Food Vessel urn (Savory 1980, no. 334)[2]. The suggested copper composition would be very unusual for Middle and Late Bronze Age artefacts and if Bronze Age, a Late Bronze Age date may be expected for the gouge. Therefore it is perhaps unlikely that the gouge dates to the Bronze Age but cannot be discounted. [1] NHER Number: 1002 [2] Savory, H.; 1980; A Guide Collection of the Bronze Age Collections; National Museum of Wales

NMGW-EC109A: BROOCH
Copper alloy penannular ring, possibly a hoop from an Early Medieval penannular brooch The hoop is incomplete, missing one terminal, the pin and is distorted with a stripped surface (with a weight of 6.6g). The surviving terminal has a flattened end (1.6mm thick, 2.7mm wide and 5mm long) before a slight, rounded knop on the outside face (up to 4mm diameter and 1.2mm high). The frame is now distorted (with a width of 40.1mm and a length of 43.0mm) and is circular-sectioned (2.4mm – 3.1mm diameter) with No applied decoration. The damaged end of the hoop is differentially eroded to a point. The original surface has been stripped and is bronze coloured. X-Ray Fluorescence analysis of the metal alloy demonstrated the composition to be a bronze. Metallurgical analysis was conducted on the brooch hoop using X-Ray Fluorescence and indicated that the metal composition is a brass. The lack of a pin or diagnostic features makes any identification uncertain. The hoop was recovered from the vicinity of a penannular brooch[1]. [1] NMWPA 2017.119.3

NMGW-EC25B9: EWER
Medieval copper alloy ewer spout, probably of 15th century date The cast zoomorphic ewer spout is in the form of a dog’s head with the damaged spout protruding from the open mouth. The spout is otherwise near-complete, with some damage to the attachment end (with an overall length of 63.8mm and a weight of 51.9g) and would have been soldered to the body of the ewer at the curved and convex oval attachment end (with external dimensions: 40.8mm long and 13.8mm wide). The dog has oval ears, drooping at the side of the head, rather than protruding above the head. The pointed-oval eyes are incised and one has a prominent internal groove. The snout is concave and faceted with a central ridge. The brow on top of the dog’s head may also have had a mid-ridge but is now corroded. The neck of the dog is oval-sectioned, with a ridge on the underside and top. The spout is damaged on one side and is sub-circular with near-straight sides (protruding 3.4mm – 6.7mm from the dog’s mouth, with an internal diameter of 6.4mm and 10.3mm external), perhaps slightly truncated. The surface is heavily-pitted and corroded but with a surviving dark -green patina with areas of grey-green corrosion. A similar ewer spout depicting a dog’s head and dated to the 15th century was recovered from the moat of Cardiff Castle (Lewis, 1991)[1]. [1] Lewis, J.M. (1991), Bronze Aquamaniles and Ewers, Finds Research Group 700-1700 Datasheet 7

NMGW-EC639A: CLASP
Medieval copper alloy fitting, probably of 14th century date The cast fitting is possibly a zoomorphic book mount and comprises an open lozenge frame with integral arm terminating in a lug fitting (with an overall length of 46.7mm and a weight of 12.9g). The lozenge frame is vertical sided (with a length of 24.4mm, a width of 23.8mm, a depth of 8.2mm and a thickness of 2.2mm). The rear of the frame is not broken and has no decoration. There is a moulding on the front of the frame, probably the ears of the beast projecting forward. The beast’s head is of subtriangular section (with a maximum width and thickness of 11.5mm and 7.2mm respectively) with a central ridge. The brow is raised with ridged eye mouldings near its base. The snout is concave with a raised moulding at its end, projecting upwards. The terminal comprises a solid D-shaped lug (6.9mm long, 5.2mm high and 2.2mm thick) that is likely to have fitted into a corresponding socket. The underside is flat and is not decorated. The surface has a pale-green corrosion with remnants of a dark-green patina and finishing file-marks evident on the rear of the frame. The form of the fitting is best paralleled in book clasps with a suggested 14th century date and with a number of examples recorded with PAS[1]. This form of book clasp has a socketed attachment end and frequently a link through the perforated terminal lug. Both of these features are not represented on this example. It is possible that the fitting was modified after removal of the socketed terminal. The fitting may have been attached using sheet plates attached to the lozenge frame, as paralleled in the recorded examples. [1] HAMP-C0F9E7, HAMP-D44F32, IOW-6B705B, IOW-7D75B7

NMGW-EC7E0C: SCABBARD
Post medieval copper alloy dagger chape of late 15th or 16th century date The chape comprises the cast front plate (with a length of 33.4mm and a weight of 6.8g) and is of convex, flask-shaped form with open-work decoration. The top of the chape is castellated (22.1mm wide, 0.9mm thick and 6.7mm deep). The sides of neck are straight and slightly convergent before the rounded base (with a maximum width 26.0mm). The chape is decorated with a heart-shaped opening on the neck, flanking a transverse rib at the base of the neck. Below the transverse rib is a trefoil opening with radiating ribs around and producing a corrugated profile around the base. The rear of the chape is less finished and traces of adhesive are evident on the edge, which would have secured the missing back-plate. The surface has a dark-green patina. The chape form corresponds with Ward-Perkins (1940, p285)[1] Type III with a suggested late 15th or 16th century date. [1] Ward Perkins, J.B., 1940, London Museum Medieval Catalogue

NMGW-EC8609: PIN
Copper alloy pin of uncertain date, possibly Early Medieval, c. 8th or 9th century The pin is incomplete, missing much of the shaft and is heavily corroded (with a surviving length of 35.4mm and a weight of 8.9g). The pin head is now worn and rounded (19.9mm long and 15.1mm maximum width) but may originally have been of faceted polyhedral form. The pin head was enhanced with circular indentations in a zig-zag arrangement across the midsection of the head. The indentations may have been within an incised ring or possibly infilled with a setting but no trace now survives. At the apex there appears to have been knop, now largely lost. At the base, the head narrows and appears to have had a collar (6mm diameter). The pin shaft is now of sub-rectangular section (2mm – 3mm section) but may have been circular sectioned before the corrosion although it is also possible that the object is an unusual decorative stud. The original surface does not survive and has been stripped to a pale brown corroded surface. The high level of corrosion makes identification difficult, if the suggestion of a collared pin with a polyhedral head and ring-and dot decoration is correct, then it is possible to suggest an Early Medieval date, possibly of 8th or 9th century date.

NMGW-ECA086: BUTTON AND LOOP FASTENER
Roman copper alloy button-and-loop fastener of late 1st or 2nd century date The cast fastener is fragmentary, missing much of the shank, part of the head and is heavily-corroded (with an overall depth of 8.9mm and a weight of 4.9g). The head is now rounded, of sub-square form (16.4mm long, 7.4mm wide and 3.2mm thick). There are remnants of a moulded design on the head, now difficult to interpret but appears to have comprised a diagonal rounded rib, wider at the corners and narrowest at the centre. All other detail has been lost. The shank emerges from adjacent to the edge of the rear and is of sub-circular section (5mm diameter), before the perpendicular turn to the flat sectioned perforated plate, probably originally of sub-triangular form, now damaged (with a surviving length of 12mm, a maximum surviving width of 9.1mm and a thickness of 1.5mm). The surface is corroded and worn with remnants of a dark-brown patina and pale-green elsewhere. The condition of the fastener makes typological identification uncertain, although the form would suggest Wild (1970)[1] Class VI, perhaps VIb. Wild (ibid.) states that Class VIb fasteners are typically a Northern British type and date from the late-Flavian but with the majority recovered from 2nd century contexts. [1] Wild, J.P.; 1970; Button-and-Loop Fasteners in the Roman Provinces; Britannia Volume I; pp 137-146

NMGW-ECBBF3: HARNESS FITTING
Possible Iron Age terret fragment of 1st century BC to 2nd century AD date The possible terret is cast and is now fragmentary, represented by part of the bar and one side of the hoop (with a surviving width of 25.2mm, a surviving length of 27.0mm and a weight of 6.2g). The bar (with a surviving length of 12.8mm) is of sub-rectangular section, widest near the terminal (5.5mm x 4.1mm) and is level with the base of the terminal. The terminal is oval (8.8mm x 8.0mm) and there is the suggestion of a moulding at the base of the hoop, now worn and corroded. The hoop is of sub-oval section, flattened on the interior and gradually narrows towards the break. Before the break is a prominent groove, suggesting a decorative element on the hoop, probably one of three but now lost. No other now detail survives on the fragment. The corroded surface has a pale to mid ‘olive’ green patina with areas of bright-green surface loss. The fragmentary condition of the object makes any identification somewhat speculative. The size of the fragment would suggest a comparatively small terret and the incised groove before the break may suggest that the terret had a triple projection arrangement. Triple projection terrets have a date span suggested by Lewis (20, p. 76)[1] as dating from the mid 1st to late 2nd century AD. [1] Lewis, A.S.G; 2015; Iron Age and Roman-era Vehicle Terrets from Western and Central Britain: an interpretive study; Unpublished PhD

NMGW-ED0B4A: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of uncertain type and of 1st or 2nd century AD date The brooch is fragmentary, represented by the leg (with a surviving length of 30.5mm, a surviving depth of 20.8mm and a weight of 3.0g). The bow has broken below the top of the catch-plate and is ova section (3.8mm thick and 2.8mm wide). The sides are straight and convergent to the foot. There is no decoration evident on the front of the bow. The catch plate is as wide as the leg and is decorated with a circular aperture (3.5mm dimeter). The foot is slight with a transverse rib. The surface is corroded and pitted with a dark-green patina. The fragmentary condition of the brooch makes typological identification indeterminate, the form of the leg however is consistent with bow brooches of Polden Hill, T-shaped and allied types.

NMGW-ED12A4: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of Trumpet-headed type and of 1st or 2nd century AD date The brooch is fragmentary and heavily-corroded, represented by the head, spring and upper bow (with a surviving length of 25.3mm, a surviving depth of 11.3mm and a weight of 5.1g). The brooch has a corroded iron spring, secured around an iron axis bar and attached between end (lateral) lugs at the rear of the head. The trumpet head was of D-shaped form with an integral chain-loop at the apex, now lost with only a stub surviving (giving a surviving length of 14.5mm and a width of 12.8mm). Beneath the chain-loop is a stepped moulding across the head, the top corner of which was enhanced with an incised zig-zag. Any other decorative detail has been lost. The bow appears to have had a prominent projecting moulding on the base of the sides but was otherwise of sub-square section (4.5mm wide and 5.6mm thick at the head). The sides are straight and gently convergent to the break. No decorative detail survives on the bow. The surface has a mid-green patina with areas of surface loss. The surviving arrangement of the head and upper bow may suggest a brooch of Wroxeter or similar type, dated to the 2nd century AD.

NMGW-ED2049: BUCKLE
Medieval copper alloy buckle of oval framed with roller type and of 13th or 14th century date The buckle frame is complete but any plates are missing (with a length of 19.6mm and a weight of 5.8g). The outside edge protrudes slightly (with a width of 17.3mm) between which is a sheet roller (7.0mm long and 7.3mm diameter); the roller was decorated with transverse grooves. The sides are oval sectioned and are convex (giving the buckle a maximum width of 21.0mm). The bar is offset and narrowed. The pin is present (with a length of 17.9mm and a loop diameter of 5.8mm) and is square-sectioned, gradually tapering to a point. The surface has a pale-brown corrosion with a dark-green patina.

NMGW-ED2EED: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of Polden Hill Type and of 1st or 2nd century AD date The brooch is incomplete, missing the pin and catch-plate and has a distorted bow (with a surviving length of 44.3mm, a surviving depth of 13.3mm and a weight of 6.9g). The spring remains in place, secured between perforated end lugs (with a width of 19.1mm and a diameter of 4.6mm – 5.6mm) and with the chord-tensioned by a lug at the head. The fronts of the wings were enhanced with a vertical groove near the terminals. The bow is heavily-worn and is now of sub-circular diameter (with a diameter at the head of 4mm – 5mm), with straight sides converging towards the foot. The lug at the head, extends along the bow to form a gradually weakening midrib, enhanced with notches and is only evident on the upper bow. No other decoration is now discernible on the bow. The catch-plate is as wide as the leg and has broken through a decorative aperture, probably of triangular form. The surface is worn and corroded with a dark-brown patina.

NMGW-ED5968: FLAT AXEHEAD
Early Bronze Age bronze flat axe probably of Needham’s Class 3 axes but of uncertain subtype The axehead is incomplete, missing the butt end and with some truncation to the blade tips and edge (with a surviving length of 93.6mm and a weight of 199.2g). The axe is rectangular-sectioned (with a width and thickness at the break of 28mm x 10.0mm), with no suggestion of hammered flanges or developed edge features on the intact areas of the edges. The sides are straight and divergent before expanding more sharply to the blade tips, now damaged and truncated (with a surviving width of 69.1mm). The original blade edge has been lost (with a minimum thickness at the blade edge of 3.2mm) and the current edge is comparatively straight with a shallow profile, although the original edge was likely to have been deeper and with at least a moderate curve. The blade faces are flat across their widths and the blade becomes more convergent but there is no discernible facet and there is no median bevel evident. Hammering marks are evident on the blade and there is the suggestion of a blade facet (7mm deep from the current blade edge) with sharpening striations running along the blade facet. Large areas of the surface survive with a dark-green to brown patina, elsewhere the surface has a pale-green corrosion. Metallurgical analysis was conducted on the axehead using X-Ray Fluorescence and suggested that the metal composition is a leaded bronze. The fragmentary and truncated condition of the axe makes detailed typological identification uncertain. The lack of any developed features but the bronze composition would suggest a Needham Class 3 axe and generally perhaps corresponds to the Migdale type as defined by Schmidt and Burgess (1981)[1] of Metalworking Assemblage III and dated to c. 2200 – 1900BC. [1] Schmidt, P.K. & Burgess, C. 1981; The Axes of Scotland and Northern England, Praähistorische Bronzefunde Abteilung IX, 7. Band 7

NMGW-ED3240: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of 1st or 2nd century AD date The brooch is fragmentary, missing the leg pin and head-plate (with a surviving length of 37.8mm, a surviving depth of 17.5mm and a weight of 18.9g). The missing spring employed a ferrous axis bar, secured around a central, pierced D-shaped lug at the rear of the head (12.2mm long, 4.5mm thick and 5.7mm high). The head is now sub-oval (21.4mm long and 15.8mm wide) but has been eroded at the edges. Above the head are the remains of an integral head-plate, probably surmounted with a chain-loop, now lost. The base of the head-plate was decorated with a transverse rib with incised diagonals, or ‘rope-moulding’ and there is the suggestion of a repeated rib with opposed diagonal incised marks above. At the top of the head is a raised chevron moulding, originally enhanced with nicks along the edge. The point of the chevron meets a midrib at the apex of the bow. The midrib has now mostly been lost but appears to comprise a double-rib in sunken relief enhanced with opposed diagonals. The upper bow is of hexagonally-faceted section with near-straight sides below the trumpet head. The button has a rope-moulded transverse rib flanked on each side by plain ribs. The central rib on the button is eroded but was comparatively deep (with a surviving depth of 10.8 and a surviving width of 11.1mm). The bow has broken in antiquity beneath the top of the leg, which was of square section (6mm square). The leg appears to have had a midrib in sunken relief, echoing the midrib on the upper bow. The beginning of the catch-plate is evident on the rear of the leg. The corroded surface has a mid, ‘olive’ green patina with the suggestion of a tinned or silvered surface and elsewhere has an active pale-green corrosion.

NMGW-ED790B: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of T-shaped type and of 1st or 2nd century AD date The brooch is fragmentary, represented by the fragmentary head only (with a surviving length of 17.8mm, a surviving depth of 10.5mm and a weight of 6.2g). The head is truncated but employed a hinge mechanism within tubular wings (with a surviving width of 17.8mm and a maximum diameter of 6.7mm). No decoration survives at the head but there is the suggestion of curved moulding at the sides (with a width of 9.6mm). The top of the bow appears to have been of D-shaped section, now worn and rounded and tapering to a point. The corroded and pitted surface is pale to mid green.

NMGW-ED8A03: SEAL MATRIX
Medieval copper alloy seal matrix The cast seal matrix is of circular faceted handle form and is near-complete, missing the terminal loop and the edge of the seal die (with a surviving length of 21.1mm and a weight of 7.3g). The damaged loop was above double or triple ribbed mouldings before the hexagonally-faceted handle widening to the circular seal die, now eroded at the edges (with a maximum surviving diameter of 19.1mm). The central device depicts ‘the pelican in her piety’ with the pelican extending across the top of the field with the head to the left (as seen on the impression) and with the beak against the breast. At the base is an arc of sprigs or branches, upon which is a nest, containing three chicks. Unfortunately none of the letters in the encircling legend is complete and the legend can no longer be interpreted. The surface is pitted with a dark-green patina.

NMGW-EDD684: THIMBLE
Medieval cast copper alloy domed thimble, probably of mid-14th or 15th century date The thimble is near-complete with some peripheral and surface damage (with a length of 19.1 and a weight of 8.7g). The mouth is sub-circular (with a diameter of 19.7 mm – 21.0mm and internal diameter of 18mm). The rim appears slightly thickened (with a rim thickness of 1.3mm) and is without a border. There is damage to the rim but other notches may been residual from the manufacture of the thimble. The sides of the thimble are near-straight, subtly convex and gently convergent before the domed top. The thimble has a spiral of fourteen to fifteen rows of hand-punched and closely spaced indentations, nine rows on the sides before the five to six rows on the domed top and are regularly spaced. The apex (8mm diameter) is without indentations and without a central perforation. The thimble has a preserved mid to dark green surface patina with areas of corrosion and surface loss. The thimble has comparatively small indentations and is thick-walled, suggesting that it belongs to Holmes’ (FDS 9, 1991)[1] heavy-duty thimbles for more coarse work and heavy fabrics and best resembles the type illustrated as 2b. [1] Holmes, E.F; 1991; Sewing Thimbles; Finds Research Group 700-1700 Datasheet 9

NMGW-EEB9C8: HARNESS PENDANT
Medieval enamelled copper alloy shield-shaped harness pendant of 13th or 14th century date The shield-shaped pendant is near-complete missing the top of the loop but is distorted and heavily-corroded (with a distorted length of 27.2mm, a straightened length of approximately 51mm and a weight of 6.2g). The pendant was hinged to a missing suspension mount by the truncated loop at the apex (with a surviving height of 11.0mm high, a surviving depth of 4.8mm and a thickness of 1.1mm – 6.7mm). The shield-shaped pendant (34mm long (as straight), 22.7mm wide and 1.0mm – 1.8mm thick). Remnant traces of red (gules) and possibly blue (azure) enamel on the corroded surface. The heraldic device appears to depict a griffin sergeant in red enamel (?Azure, griffin sergeant gules). The surface has remnants of a pale green corrosion and elsewhere has been stripped dark-brown.

NMGW-EF7143: STRAP FITTING
Medieval copper alloy strap loop of late 13th or 14th century date The strap has a trapezoidal (or sub-rectangular) frame with external integral rivet (with an overall length of 15.5mm and a weight of 1.8g). The trapezoidal frame is widest at it outside end (with an external width of 15.4mm and internal dimensions of 11.7mm x 7.5mm) narrowing slightly to the attachment end (with a width of 13.4mm). The frame is of rectangular section, widest on the outside edge (4.0mm wide and 3.0mm wide elsewhere). The attachment rivet is circular-sectioned (2.6mm diameter and 4.8mm long) and placed in the centre of the frame base. There is no applied decoration on the strap loop and the surface has a dark-grey brown patina with some finishing file-marks evident. The strap loop can be paralleled with examples excavated in London (Egan & Pritchard 1991, pp 230, nos. 1235 - 45) from late 13th and 14th century contexts.

NMGW-EFE39C: FIGURINE
Copper alloy bird figurine of uncertain date, possibly Roman The cast zoomorphic figurine is of a bird, perhaps an eagle with splayed wings and is near-complete. Missing part of the base or attachment pin (with a surviving length of 39mm and a weight of 24.8g). The bird is depicted with head with its head facing to one side. The truncated beak is open and the eye is depicted with an incised ring-and-dot. The neck (with a length of 10mm) widens to breast. The outstretched wings (with a thickness of 2.0mm – 2.8mm and giving a width of 40.0mm) are axe-shaped. The tail expand to its end. Moulded ridges now corroded would have depicted feathers on the wings and tail. The feathers were depicted on the underside in addition to the top surface. The underside, depicting the legs is crude or miscast and there is an integral circular sectioned attachment pin at its base, now incomplete (3.8mm diameter and 5.5mm long). The corroded surface has a dark green to brown corrosion, probably discoloured by a recently applied oily coating. The form and style of decoration on the bird figurine may suggest a Roman date but similar mounts are also sometimes found as decorative post medieval furniture fittings.

NMGW-012BC2: FLAT AXEHEAD
Early Bronze Age bronze Developed Flat axe probably of Needham’s Class 4 axes and of uncertain sub-type, possibly an axe-chisel and probably of metalworking Stage IV; dated to c. 2050 – 1700BC The flat axe is incomplete with considerable peripheral damage surface loss and likely truncation at the butt (with a surviving length of 89.7mm and weight of 121.98g). Although damaged the axe appears to have a lozengic long-profile. The original butt does not survive (but with a surviving width of 15mm). The better preserved side is unusually straight for its preserved length (of 43mm) and is bevelled towards its mid-axis. There is the suggestion that the side may be beginning to curve outwards before the surface has been lost. The side of blade faces have a slight lip for the flange and corresponding hammer facets are discernible on the sides. The original blade edge has been lost (with a surviving blade width of 35.8mm) and the original form is no longer evident. Both blade faces have a clear median bevel, which has a gentle curve and is positioned close to the damaged butt end (32mm from the butt where the axe has a maximum thickness of 12.0mm and a surviving width of 25.3mm), producing a lozengic long-profile. The blade faces have a gentle convexity across their both their widths and lengths, with no discernible blade facet. There are striations running along the blade near its end, suggesting only a slight loss to edge. The surface has a dark-brown patina with areas of powdery grey-green corrosion. The unknown scale of truncation to the axe, particularly the butt makes typological identification difficult. The comparatively high position of the median bevel would suggest that the butt end may be significantly eroded. If the current very narrow and straight-sided form of the axe, is representative or near-representative of its original shape, then the axe would perhaps suggest a Class 4 axe-chisel. The axe may possibly be of similar form to Developed Axes of Type Bandon, as defined by Schmidt and Burgess (1981, p. 65-7)[1] and if correct may correlate to Needham’s Class 4E. The axe is likely to date to Needham’s (1996)[2] Period 3, dated to c. 2050 – 1700BC. [1] Schmidt, P.K. & Burgess, C. 1981; The Axes of Scotland and Northern Ireland, Praähistorische Bronzefunde Abteilung IX, 7. Band 7 [2] Needham, S. 1996; Chronology and Periodisation in the British Bronze Age, Acta Archaeologica 67, p. 121-140

NMGW-0147A4: CLASP
Medieval copper alloy anthropomorphic folding strap clasp, probably of late 13th to early 15th century date The clasp is of two-part type and is lacking the folding end (with a length of 28.4mm and a weight of 4.3g) with a decorative outside edge depicting a crowned head. The frame is recessed for the plate. The bar (with a width of 2.8mm, a length of 14.8mm and thickness of 2.0mm) is flat on both its outside and underside faces but otherwise rounded. The sides of the frame are slightly convex across their lengths and of flat section (giving the clasp a width of 18.8mm). The outside edge of the clasp is bevelled on the underside to accommodate the missing locking end. The outside edge is decorated with a detailed head in cast relief, which is of raised sub-triangular form (giving a maximum depth of 7.3mm), with carefully faceted incised eyes, nose and mouth. Incised chevrons on raised mouldings at the sides represent hair. The crown is formed on a flange on the attachment edge by four circular perforations (2.8mm diameter). The outside edge is angled to the centre and is enhanced with short diagonal grooves forming interrupted chevrons flanked by horizontal grooves. The clasp has a dark green surface patina with some pitting. The clasp can be closely parallel with an example published by Egan & Pritchard (1991, p 120, no. 568)[1] dated to c. 1350 – 1400. Egan (ibid.) parallels the London clasp with examples recovered from a Lincolnshire Medieval village, deserted by the middle of the 14th century, and a similar type decorated with a fleur, instead of the head. [1] Egan G. & Pritchard F. 1991; Medieval Finds from Excavations in London: 3; Dress Accessories; Museum Of London

Late Iron Age copper alloy bow brooch of La Tène III Type and probably of 1st century AD date The brooch is of one-piece construction and is fragmentary, missing the pin and leg (with a surviving length of 25.2mm, a surviving depth of 16.6mm and a weight of 1.79g). The circular-sectioned pin (with a diameter of 1.0mm) has broken just before the spring and is distorted. The spring coils twice either side of the bow (with a width of 10.8mm and a diameter of 5.7mm) in a bilateral small spring arrangement and has an internal chord. There appears to be solid corrosion within the spring, possibly the remains of an iron pin (now with no magnetic attraction). The bow was low-arched and is convex, hollowed at the rear. The top of the bow widens to the shoulders (with a width of 9.0mm, a depth of 1.5mm and a thickness of 0.5mm) before narrowing to the break (with a width and thickness of 5.1mm and 0.3mm respectively. The break occurred in antiquity and has a forward projecting lip, possibly from being bent prior to breaking. There is no surviving decoration on the bow. The surface is heavily-corroded and pitted with a dark-brown patina. Although the brooch is fragmentary, the surviving features suggest a bow brooch of Hull and Hawkes (1987, p. 179-80)[1] Type 3C with a suggested date of 1st century BC to 1st century AD. More recently Adams (2013, p 119)[2] has suggested that the type dates the Early Roman period. Brooches of the type have a largely South Eastern England distribution and this example represents one of a few western outliers. [1] Hull, M.R. & Hawkes C.F.C.; 1987; Corpus of Ancient Brooches in Britain by the late Mark Reginald Hull; Pre-Roman Bow Brooches; BAR British Series 168 [2] Adams; S.A.; 2013; Unpublished PhD; The First Brooches in Britain: from Manufacture to Deposition in the Early and Middle Iron Age

Medieval copper alloy buckle plate or strap-end of 13th to 15th century date The sheet plate is of single sheet, folded widthways type (with a length of 32.3mm and a weight of 2.7g). The sides of the plate are straight and parallel (with a width of 14.3mm). Near the attachment end are two dome-headed attachment rivets (with a length of 4.2mm). The front of the plate is decorated along the sides and attachment end with a double linear border of rocker-arm decoration which respects the attachment rivets. The space between the double border is infilled with diagonal lines, which are much more closely spaced on one side. The outside edge has a sub-circular perforation (8mm diameter) through both faces of the plate. The perforation now penetrates the folded edge. The back face is not otherwise decorated. The surface has a dark-green patina with a discreet patch of orange ferrous corrosion on the front face. It is now unclear whether the plate is a buckle plate, but the perforation would seem large for the pin and there is no evidence for the buckle frame. It is also possible the plate is a strap-end with a decorative perforation adjacent to the outside edge.

NMGW-04767F: SEAL MATRIX
Medieval copper alloy seal matrix of 12th to 13th century date The seals matrix is near-complete but is heavily-corroded. The handle is of hexagonally-faceted form with a loop at the apex (with an overall length of 18.7mm and an internal diameter of 3.5mm). The loop is now worn but appears to have been of sub-lozenge form and rectangular sectioned (2.9mm thick) with a shelf before the handle. The seal die was circular with erosion of the edge (with a diameter of 17.7mm). The central device is unclear and perhaps resembles a beast with tail. However the suggested beginning of the encircling legend does correspond with the orientation. The central device remains uncertain, it is possible to suggest a handled vessel, perhaps on a pedestal but any identification is speculative. The encircling inscription is now illegible. It is possible to tentatively suggest: S’ A [DIA] FIL [ ] IV[ ] Perhaps Seal of Adam son of [ ] The surface is heavily-corroded with a dark-green patina

NMGW-049713: HARNESS PENDANT
Medieval copper alloy harness pendant of late 13th to 15th century date The shield-shaped harness pendant is near-complete, missing the suspension mount but is heavily-corroded and distorted (with a distorted length of 37.3mm, a straightened length of approximately 47mm and a weight of 5.8g). The hinged lug is sub-oval (11.8mm long, 8.2mm deep, 1.5mm – 4.1mm thick and with a perforation of 4.0mm diameter). Although the pendant is heavily-corroded the device appears to depict the Arms of England, the three lions. Traces of gilding are evident at the apex and remnants of red enamel is present in the recessed lions (gules three lions passant guardant, Or). The surface has a pale-green corrosion and is stripped to the red-brown metal in areas.

NMGW-04ABEA: BUCKLE
Medieval copper alloy buckle frame of early 14th to mid 15th century date The buckle is incomplete missing the both sheet metal plates and the pin (with a length of 25.5mm and a weight of 1.5g). The frame is oval or near-circular (with a width of 14.3mm) and is of triangular section (2mm – 3mm wide and 2.0mm thick). There is the suggestion of a central notch on the outside edge, now eroded. There is a circular ident on the rear of the frame, where the missing pin was positioned. The rear of the frame narrows to the integral forked spacer. The forked spacer (12mm long and 1.8mm thick) has divergent arms (with a maximum width of 10.2mm). The surface ha a grey-green patina with file marks evident of the surface.

NMGW-04BB8B: TOY
Post medieval copper alloy toy cannon probably of 18th century date The gun is complete but has lost the surface to corrosion and was cast in one-piece (with a length of 40.4mm and a weight of 5.1g). The gun has a rounded cascabel and a prominent concave vent field (7.5mm diameter) with a small vent. The barrel is mostly plain with a reinforce ring positioned at the trunnions. The muzzle is of concave, spool (with a maximum diameter of 6.8mm) and with a bore of 4.5mm. The trunnions are comparatively long and slender (25.0mm long with a diameter of 2.6mm). The surface is heavily-corroded with remnant patches of dark-green patina over the dark brown corrosion. The gun perhaps best resembles Forsyth & Egan (2005, p 80 - 84)[1] Types 4-5 which they date to the first half of the 18th century. [1] Forsyth, H. & Egan, G.; 2005; Toys, Trifles & Trinkets; Base-metal miniatures from London 1200 to 1800; Museum of London

NMGW-04CB62: UNIDENTIFIED OBJECT
Decorated copper alloy rod of uncertain date The rod now forms an open, sub-oval ring but was of uncertain original from (with a length of 48.1mm, a height of 35mm, a straightened length of approximately 106mm and a weight of 5.5g) and is broken on one end. The complete terminal is flattened (with a thickness of 1.6mm and 4.0mm wide) but the loss of the surface has removed any decoration. The rod is of sub-square section (4.0mm wide and 3.5mm thick) and is decorated with closely spaced ribbing. The decoration covered all four sides of the rod but has worn away on the upper face, where the surface survives. The preserved surface has a dark-brown patina, suggesting some age but the few diagnostic features on the rod makes identifying and dating it difficult.

NMGW-04F833: STRAP END
Early Medieval copper alloy Strap end of Late Anglo Saxon type and of late 8th to 12th century date The strap-end is of Thomas’ (2003)[1] Class B, Type 1 and is near complete, with minor damage to the terminal (with a length of 51.9mm and a weight of 12.8g). The strap-end is widest at the attachment edge and has a slight curve (with a width of 11.4mm and a thickness of 4.5mm). The strap was secured by two rivets, which remain in position positioned close together near the centre and just below the edge. The end has a V-shaped split to accommodate the strap (11mm long). The sides of the attachment end are convergent to a double-ribbed moulding in sunken relief on the top face and sides. The areas flanking the moulding have curved incised lines to enhance the rounded form of the panels. The central panel is leaf-shaped, with convex sides, wider towards the top and is sub-rectangular sectioned with subtle facets cut on the corners of the top face (with a width of 9.2mm and a thickness of 5.0mm). The central panel is separated from the terminal by a raised double rib moulding. The terminal is zoomorphic, depicting a beast’s head with a curving groove behind the head and concave facets on the side to depict the snout. The eyes are represented by circular depressions. The end of the snout is flat with no surviving detail of nostrils or mouth. The surface is worn with a brown-green patina. [1] Thomas, G.; 2003, Late Anglo-Saxon and Viking Age strap-ends 750-1100: Part 1; The finds Research Group AD700-1700, Datasheet 32

NMGW-0508C5: EWER
Medieval copper alloy ewer spout, probably of 15th century date The zoomorphic ewer spout is in the form of a dog’s head with the spout protruding from the open mouth. The spout is complete (with an overall length of 80mm and a weight of 82.6g) and would have been soldered to the body of the ewer at the curved and convex oval opening (with external dimensions: 61.7mm long and 18.7mm wide). The dog has oval and upright ears, protruding above the head and concave across their widths. The snout is defined by a concave depression on the sides and there is a mid-ridge across the top of the snout. The brow on top of the dog’s head is flat. The neck of the dog is oval-sectioned, without a ridge. The spout is sub-circular with near-straight sides converging slightly towards the end (protruding 6.2mm - 12mm from the dog’s mouth, with an internal diameter of 8.1mm and 11.3mm external). The surface has a dark-green patina with areas of bright-green corrosion. A similar ewer spout depicting a dog’s head and dated to the 15th century was recovered from the moat of Cardiff Castle (Lewis, 1991)[1]. [1] Lewis, J.M. (1991), Bronze Aquamaniles and Ewers, Finds Research Group 700-1700 Datasheet 7

NMGW-056F0D: MOUNT
Copper alloy composite mount probably of post medieval date The cast mount is one of a pair of composite form, linked through the integral loop to a second mount of similar design and decoration (with an overall width of 33.4mm and a weight of 4.6g). The mount comprises an open circular ring (of 23mm diameter) with flanking attachment loop (of 8.5mm external diameter and 6.0mm internal diameter). The ring frame has an undecorated, rectangular-sectioned border (3mm wide and 2mm thick). On the interior, adjacent to the loop is an anthropomorphic crescent moon and on the opposite side of the frame is a six-pointed star, with its points projecting both inside and outside the ring. The crescent face is depicted in side profile looking towards the star and crudely modelled. The rear of the mount has two circular-sectioned integral attachment rivets, now truncated (with a maximum surviving depth of 4.5mm and a diameter of 3.2mm), positioned on the rear of the star and near the opposite side of the frame. The surface has a dark-green patina with areas of red-brown surface loss. The composite mount would have been attached to a belt or strap and may have had a specialist function, now uncertain. The decoration may have a religious theme, perhaps of private devotion. A small number of very similar mounts have been recorded with PAS, including one found in Draycott in the Moors, Staffordshire[1] with the pair of composite rings surviving and with remnants of the leather strap attached on one of the mounts. The Draycott in the Moors mount is argued as having a late medieval date but the style and type of alloy may suggest a post medieval date. [1] NARC-6ECFD1

Roman copper alloy bow brooch of T-shaped type and of 1st or 2nd century AD date The cast brooch is incomplete and the bow is heavily-distorted (with a distorted surviving length of 29.7mm, a distorted surviving depth of 12.1mm and a weight of 5.1g). The missing pin was hinged within tubular wings, now damaged on one side (with a surviving width of 29.0mm and a diameter of 4.4mm). The surviving wing was decorated with three diagonal incised grooves. The bow is flat-sectioned, with straight sides converging to an eroded point on the leg (with a width at the head of 14.5mm and a thickness of 1.5mm). The bow was decorated with a ribbed border and converging ribs forming a long V-moulding. There is the suggestion of ridge between the ribs. There is no surviving evidence for a catch-plate on the rear of the leg. The surface is heavily corroded and has largely lost the surface with a pale-green patina. The brooch broadly confirms to Hull’s Type 104 with a known distribution centred around the Lower Severn.

NMGW-18BD45: PIN
Roman copper alloy pin, probably of mid-3rd or 4th century date The cast pin is fragmentary, missing much of the shaft (with a surviving length of 24.8mm and a weight of 4.2g). The polyhedral pinhead is of cuboid form (9.9mm long, 7.8mm wide and 6.7mm deep) with triangular faceted corners. The faces are decorated with a ring-and-dot motif, comprising a central punched dot with two concentric rings around it. Each of the faceted corners is decorated with a dot within a single ring. The top of the pinhead is also decorated with a dot and double ring. There is no collar at the base of the head. The pin shaft (with a surviving length of 14.9mm) is circular-sectioned, with a consistent diameter as far as the break (of 3.9mm – 4.4mm). The surface is corroded and pitted with a dark-green patina. Similarities between Roman and Middle Saxon pins of similar form makes dating examples difficult. The absence of a collar and the provenance of this example would suggest a Roman date. The pin conforms to Crummy’s (1983, p. 29)[1] Type 4 pins with a faceted cuboid head and notes that all six examples excavated at Colchester were recovered from post AD 250 contexts. [1] Crummy, N.; 1983, The Roman Small Finds from excavations in Colchester 1971-9; Colchester Archaeological Report 2

NMGW-18C4AD: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of uncertain type, probably Polden Hill and of 1st or 2nd century AD date The brooch is fragmentary, missing the leg, spring and wings (with a surviving length of 25.5mm, a surviving depth of 11.0mm and a weight of 5.8g). The missing spring was secured behind the concave head and remnant stubs on the sides suggest missing wings. The sides of the head are enhanced with curved mouldings (giving a width of 12.6mm). The bow is decorated with a midrib, probably extending from a lug or hook to tension the chord. The rib continues along the bow to the break. The upper bow is of D-shaped section (8mm wide and 4mm thick) with eroded edges. The surface has a pale-green patina.

NMGW-1ABB27: PIN
Copper / tin alloy pin head or stud of uncertain date, possibly Roman The cast pin is fragmentary, represented by the head and top of the shaft (with a surviving length of 12.8mm and a weight of 4.7g). The head is domed, of flattened biconical form (8.6mm long and of 11.2mm maximum diameter). There is no applied decoration evident on the head. The shaft fragment (with a surviving length of 2.4mm) is of sub-circular sectioned (2.9mm – 3.5mm diameter), flattened one part but probably a localised facet. There is no collar moulding at the base of the head. The surface is dull-grey possibly indicating a white-metal rich alloy. A lack of diagnostic features makes the identification of a Roman pin uncertain. If Roman, the pin would be best characterised as Crummy (1983)[1] Type 3: Pins with a more or less spherical head. Many of the pins of this type recorded at Colchester were associated with Late Roman female burials, although another example was recovered from an early-mid 1st century AD context and crummy suggests the type were in use throughout the Roman period. [1] Crummy, N.; 1983, The Roman Small Finds from excavations in Colchester 1971-9; Colchester Archaeological Report 2

NMGW-1B247C: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch, probably of Polden Hill type and of 1st or 2nd century AD date The brooch is incomplete, missing the spring, catch-plate and with truncated wings (with a surviving length of 37.1mm, a surviving depth of 14.5mm and a weight of 7.2g). The missing spring was likely to have been secured by lugs at the ends of the wings, now lost (with a surviving width of 21.8mm, a length of 5.8mm) and the chord was tensioned by a lug at the head. The wings are convex and decorated with vertical ribbing, probably enhanced with notches. The bow is oval sectioned, with straight sides converging towards the break on the leg (with a width and thickness at the head of 7.5mm and 7.3mm respectively). The lug at the head extended along the bow as a weakening midrib but now has largely been lost. No other decoration is now discernible on the bow. The remains of the catch-plate is evident above the break on the rear of the leg. The surface is heavily-corroded and worn with a mid-green patina.

NMGW-1C9A14: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of Headstud type and of 2nd century AD date The cast brooch is incomplete, missing the pin, catch-plate and chain-loop (with a surviving length of 45.3mm, a surviving depth of 13.5mm and a weight of 5.4g). The pin was hinged within sub-tubular wings, now truncated (with a surviving width of 14.5m and a diameter of 5mm). The fronts of the wings are bevelled towards the rear and decorated with vertical ribbing. At the head is the basal remnants of an integral chain-loop (with a surviving width of 7.9mm, a thickness of 2.6mm and an internal diameter of 5.8mm). The rectangular-sectioned head (6.6mm wide and 3.2mm thick) projects forward before turning sharply to the bow. There is a raised integral circular moulding at above the junction to the bow, now heavily eroded (5mm diameter and 1mm high). The stud appears to have contained recessed cells, possibly for enamel but the decorative motif is now of uncertain form. The bow is of sub-triangular section, with straight sides converging towards the foot. The bow was decorated with a prominent rounded midrib, probably of segmented form but now flattened on it top surface. The midrib was flanked with a groove on each side. The circular sectioned foot widens to its base (with a diameter of 5.1mm – 5.7mm) and may have had ribbed moulding at its mid-point. The basal remnants of the catch-plate survive on the centre of the rear of the leg. The surface is heavily-corroded pale-green.

NMGW-1CC1F2: HARNESS PENDANT
Medieval copper alloy harness pendant of 13th or 14th century date The harness pendant is near-complete but heavily-corroded and missing the hinged suspension mount (with a length of 43.4mm and a weight of 9.6g). The suspension loop is complete (with a length of 9.0mm, a depth of 5.0mm, a thickness of 1.0mm – 4.8mm and a diameter of 2.9mm). The pendant is shield-shaped (with a length of 35.1mm, a width of 26.6mm and a thickness of 1.8mm – 2.4mm) and is gently convex across both its length and width. Corrosion has removed much of the detail from the pendant but there is a trace surviving of red enamel and the suggestion of three lions surviving: Gules, three lions passant guardant, as used on the ‘Arms of England’. The corroded surface is pale-green and heavily-pitted with areas of red-brown metal exposed.

NMGW-1CC958: BUCKLE
Medieval copper alloy buckle frame of 13 to 15th century date The cast buckle frame is missing any folded sheet plate it may have had and is of oval from (with a length of 24.5mm, a width of 30.8mm and a weight of 8.6g). The outside edge of the frame has a notch for the pin on a protruding V-moulding. The frame is of robust sub-rectangular section (with a thickness of 4.2mm – 5.6mm and a width of 2.7mm – 5.0mm). The rounded bar is off-set and narrowed (with a diameter of 3mm). The pin (29.0mm long) is loosely looped around the bar and is rectangular-sectioned (3.2mm wide and 2.5mm thick) with an S-shaped shaft. The surface is heavily-pitted with a mid-green patina.

NMGW-1CD116: BUCKLE
Medieval copper alloy buckle frame of 13 to 15th century date The cast buckle frame is missing any folded sheet plate it may have had and it’s pin and is of oval from (with a length of 20.7mm, a width of 23.8mm and a weight of 3.1g). The outside edge of the frame is widened with a notch for the pin. The frame is of rounded sub-rectangular section (with a thickness of 2.5mm – 3.1mm and a width of 2.3mm – 4.3mm). The rounded bar is off-set and of sub-rectangular section (2.7mm x 3.8mm). The min pin has left ferrous corrosion staining on the bar and outside edge of the frame. The surface is very heavily-pitted and corroded with a black patina and mid-green corrosion.

NMGW-1CFDBC: BELL
Medieval copper alloy bell of 13th or 14th century date The bell is near-complete, missing the top of the loop (with a surviving length of 31.4mm and a weight of 10.8g). The loop was position on the end of a comparatively long integral stem (with a surviving length of 16mm and a perforation diameter of 3.6mm). The stem is rectangular sectioned and widens towards the loop (with a width of 3.9mm - 6.8mm and a thickness of 1.3mm – 2.5mm). The bell is of rounded sub-cuboid form (20mm square by 16mm high) and is formed by the four basal tabs folded in to close the bell, leaving apertures at the centre of the base and with four around the outside edge. There is no applied decoration evident on the surface. The ‘pea’ remains inside the bell and still rings.

NMGW-1D0772: BUCKLE
Medieval copper alloy buckle frame fragment of 13th to 15th century date The buckle is represented by the fragmentary outside edge (with a surviving length of 20mm, a surviving width of 38.0mm and a weight of 4.5g) of ‘ornate type’, possibly from an oval buckle. The outside edge is oval-sectioned (6.5mm wide and 4.4mm thick) with a narrower central section, which possibly held a sheet roller. There is a decorative groove, extending the line of the sides on the outside edge. The sides are narrowed and circular-sectioned (2.5mm diameter). The surface is corroded with a dark-green patina.

NMGW-1D1C42: SEAL MATRIX
Medieval copper alloy seal matrix of 13th or 14th century date The seal matrix is of circular form with a hexagonally faceted handle and is near-complete, missing some of the loop and the edge of the die (with a length of 19.0mm and a weight of 4.7g) but is heavily-corroded. The loop is damaged on one side and of oval section (3.0mm thick, 6.5mm long and with an internal diameter of 2.8mm), narrowed from the handle with no discernible moulding between the loop and handle. The seal die was circular (with a maximum diameter of 16.9mm). The central motif is uncertain but appears to have four elements, possibly floral. The encircling legend is also incomplete and damaged but the beginning appears to read: * LOVE ME [ ] The surface has a dark-green patina on the handle and has corroded grey-green on the seal die. The identification of the seal is uncertain but it is possible to suggest that motif depicts two facing heads in side profile with a flower and stalk between. The encircling legend may have read: ‘LOVE ME ANDE I yE’ and this example may be closely paralleled with a better prerved example recovered from Thruxton, also in Hampshire and recorded with PAS[1]. [1] HAMP-1040F4

NMGW-1D28F3: BUCKLE
Medieval copper alloy buckle probably of 11th to 13th century date The buckle comprises a trapezoidal frame and sheet metal pale and is near complete but heavily-corroded (with an overall length of 32.1mm and a weight of 6.0g). The frame is near-rectangular, slightly trapezoidal, widest at the outside edge (with a length of 10.2mm, a width of18.7mm and a thickness of 3.8mm). The frame is bevelled and of triangular section, with no applied decoration evident. The bar is circular-sectioned and narrowed. The pin remains in place and is of sheet metal, looped around the bar before narrowing to the tip. The sheet metal plates are rectangular (23.2mm long, 15.6mm wide, 5.0mm deep and 0.8mm thick) and folded around the bar with recessed corners for the frame and a slot for the pin. The front of the plate was decorated with a design in cast relief, now unclear but appears to be figurative, depicting a central seated figure flanked on each side by standing figures, probably female. The side figures may have their arms raised towards the head of the seated figure, possibly indicating a crowning of the throned central figure. Corrosion has removed much of the details of the motif but the standing figure on the left appears to be wearing a long dress tied at the waste with a long cord belt. The rear plate is narrower (9.8mm wide) and has no decoration. The plates were attached by a series of three rivets at the attachment end and by a larger, dome headed rivet (3.1mm diameter) positioned near the centre. Traces of gilding survive in the recessed areas of the plate but elsewhere the surface has been stripped to red-brown with some traces of green corroded surface.

NMGW-2EF8CB: WEIGHT
Post medieval copper alloy cup weight from a nested set, probably of 16th to 18th century date The weight is complete (with a basal diameter of 20mm, a rim diameter of 29mm, a height of 16.6mm and a thickness of 2.5mm) and now weighs 28.02g, equivalent to an avoirdupois ounce (28.35g). The base has two stamped marks, now worn: one appears to be a letter ‘D’, the other is possibly a rampant lion. On the rim are the letters ‘R’ and ‘I’, which may be a ‘1’, indicating a one-ounce weight. It is unclear what the remaining marks signify. The letter forms are consistent with a post medieval date, perhaps 17th century. The surface has a dark-green patina.

NMGW-2EB845: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of ‘Eye’ type and of 1st century AD date The brooch is near-complete, missing the side of the foot with a recent break and is somewhat distorted (with a length of 59.3mm and a weight of 13.0g). The brooch is of one-piece construction with the chord tensioned by a forward-facing hook (3mm wide) above the head and the spring (with a width of 18.9mm) coiled two to three times each side of the pin and appears to be broken on the shorter side. The spring is of rectangular section as it coils from the bow and becomes circular sectioned on the pin (with a diameter of 2.6mm). The bow expands at the head, beneath the spring (to 12.3mm) with protruding lugs at the apex of the bow. The characteristic ‘eyes’ of the brooch, which define the type, are not discernible but incised marks may be present beneath the copper alloy corrosion at the head. The upper bow is arched (to give a depth of 18.4mm) and is of flat section on the rear and slightly convex on the face with straight, near-parallel sides (8.7mm wide and 1.6mm - 2.0mm thick). The bow is decorated with a knurled or segmented midrib in sunken relief, now worn. The mid-bow comprises a transverse, horizontal rib. The leg is concave across it length and is of low triangular section, with a central ridge. The sides are straight and divergent to the damaged foot (with a surviving width of 12.2mm). The catch-plate is positioned at the centre of the rear of the leg and is closed around the pin. The surface has a pale to dark-green brown patina, with patches of bright green and brown corrosion. The brooch is a comparatively unusual discovery for Wales and is not common in Britain, although a small but significant group of similar brooches of the same type[1] were reported to PAS from the Vale of Glamorgan. A few examples of the brooch type have been excavated at Colchester and Richborough from mid-1st century AD contexts (Bailey & Butcher, 2004, p 148)[2]. The type corresponds to Hull’s type 40B, which is believed to have been imported with the Roman army and is found more commonly in the forts of the Rhine and Danube frontier. The brooch can be closely paralleled with a number of examples recovered from Germany (Riha, 1979, nos. 193-197)[3]. [1] NMWPA 2011.67, NMWPA 2010.182.1 & NMWPA 2010.222.1 [2] Bayley, J. & Butcher, S., 2004; Roman Brooches in Britain; A Technological and Typological Study based on the Richborough Collection; The Society of Antiquities of London [3] Riha, E., 1979; Die römischen Fibeln aus Augst und Kaiseraugst; Forschungen In Augst, Band 3

NMGW-2EE6FC: BROOCH
Early Medieval copper alloy circular brooch of disc type and Early Anglo Saxon date, c. mid 5th to mid 6th century date The cast brooch is sub-circular and is near-complete, missing the pin and with some peripheral damage (with a diameter of 37.8mm – 40.1mm, an overall depth of 13.3mm and a weight of 16.4g). The rear of the brooch is near-flat, slightly dished with less finishing at the centre. The missing pin was secured around a single perforated lug (9.9mm high, 8.5mm long and 2.9m thick at its base with a perforation diameter of 3.0mm). The catch-plate has broken at the catch (with a surviving height of 7.4mm, 6.9mm wide and 2.1mm thick at the base). The face of the brooch is gently domed towards a raised circular central pellet boss (of 6.5mm diameter, 0.7mm thick at the edge and 3.7mm thick at the centre). The brooch is decorated with a border of drilled or punched dots forming a border near the edge and internal irregular cross and abuts the central boss. One of the indentations has penetrated to the rear of the brooch. The edge has some damage, which has not occurred recently. The surface has a mid-green patina with some pitting and evidence for a white-metal coating. The brooch form and dimensions can be paralleled on an example excavated from a female burial at Bifrons, East Kent (Chadwick Hawkes, 2000, grave 6, no. 3, p. 13)[1]. The Bifrons brooch has different decoration. [1] Chadwick Hawkes, S. (ed.by E. Cameron & H. Hamerow); 2000; The Anglo-Saxon Cemetery at of Bifrons, in the parish of Patrixbourne, East Kent in Anglo Saxon Studies in Archaeology and History 11 p 1 -94

NMGW-81A292: PALSTAVE
Middle Bronze Age bronze palstave of Group III, Low Flanged, Broad Blade form and possibly of Sleaford variant type, as defined by Schmidt & Burgess (1981, p136) [1]. The palstave is near-complete, missing much of the loop the butt-end and a blade tip and is a small example (with a surviving length of 106.5mm and a weight of 173.1g). The butt is damaged (18.5mm wide and 3.7mm thick), now pointed at the centre but is unlikely to have been much longer. The sides are straight and near parallel to below the stop (where the axe has a width of 19.9mm below the loop). The sides of the blade are divergent with a moderate curve before diverging more sharply to the blade tips, one of which is lost (giving a surviving blade width of 42.1mm). The blade edge has a moderately deep curve (with a blade depth of 15mm). The sides are flat across their thickness with the casting seam clearly evident but neatly finished. The loop is damaged (with a length of 18.8mm, a maximum thickness of 6mm and a surviving height of 5.6mm) and positioned near the position of the stop. The flanges are truncated but appear to have begun at or below the butt and have a linear top edge, reaching their maximum height at the stop (where the axe has a thickness of 25.6mm). The septum (with a surviving length of 39.5mm, a width of 14mm and a thickness of 5.5mm) is flat across its length and gently concave across its width. The stop is also gently concave with near vertical sides (with a height of 10.4mm). The faces are bevelled from the top of the stop to the face and are decorated with three ribs, a prominent linear central rib, flanked by weaker side ribs, curving from the edge of the sides towards the central rib before petering out by the mid blade face. The curved converging ribs perhaps suggest a trident variant design. The central rib extends all the way along the blade, reaching the prominent blade facet (12.6mm long). The original surface with a dark-brown patina has been lost over much of the surface and is fragile with a tendency to flake. The palstave is of unusual form, particularly in relation to its small size but also with the curving ribs. The form may be best paralleled in Low-Flanged palstaves, perhaps a variant of Type Sleaford, as defined by Schmidt & Burgess (1981, p136). Broad Blade palstaves are traditionally dated to the Taunton phase of the Middle Bronze Age in Britain, corresponding to Needham’s (1996)[2] Period 5, dated to 1500 – 1150BC. [1] Schmidt, P.K. & Burgess, C. 1981; The Axes of Scotland and Northern Ireland, Praähistorische Bronzefunde Abteilung IX, 7. Band 7 [2] Needham, S. 1996; Chronology and Periodisation in the British Bronze Age , Acta Archaeologica 67, p. 121-140

NMGW-829B27: BUCKLE
Medieval copper alloy buckle of mid-14th to late 15th century date. The buckle has a separate folded plate and the frame is oval with narrowed and offset bar and is near-complete missing the pin (with an overall length of 34.7mm and a weight of 3.5g). The oval frame is comparatively small (11mm long, 13.2mm wide and 2.5mm thick) and is of rounded D-shaped section, widest at the outside edge (2.9mm wide). There is no notch for the pin on the frame or any decoration discernible. The loop of the pin survives but the rectangular-sectioned shaft has been lost. The folded sheet plate (27.6mm long, 0.5mm thick and 4.4mm deep) has a slot to accommodate the pin and is recessed to accept the frame. The sides are near-straight and parallel (9.8mm wide). The plate was attached using two domed-headed copper alloy rivets at the attachment end and there appears to be a single rivet behind the pin, filed flat. The front face of the plate was decorated with a double-grooved border behind the frame but any other decoration is no longer evident. The folded rear plate is slightly narrower with no decoration but the suggestion of file-marks. The surface has a dark-green patina and mid-green corrosion.

NMGW-82B1CB: STRAP END
Early Medieval copper alloy strap-end of 8th to 11th century The strap-end is incomplete, missing the attachment end of the front face (with a 42.7mm, and a weight of 2.5g) and appears to be of Thomas’s Class B type 1-2 (2003, p 4-6)[1]. The attachment end is widest and is forked to accommodate the strap (with a width of 6.8mm, a slot length of 12 – 13mm and a surviving depth of 2.3mm). Near the attachment end are two circular perforations (of 2.4mm diameter), one of which cuts the side. The strap-end is of sub-rectangular section (2.2mm thick) with straight sides, gradually converging to the pointed terminal. The surface is heavily-corroded and worn but the remains of decoration is discernible and appears to comprise transverse mouldings below the attachment end with arced mouldings running the below to above the tip. The tip is thickened slightly and is likely to have been zoomorphic, representing a stylised beast’s head with slight depressions at the eyes. The eroded arced mouldings may have defined interlace decoration on the beast’s back, although the corrosion makes it difficult to determine. The rear is near-flat and is not decorated. The original surface has been lost and is now corroded dark brown. [1] Thomas, G.; 2003, Late Anglo-Saxon and Viking Age strap-ends 750-1100: Part 1; The finds Research Group AD700-1700, Datasheet 32

NMGW-82CB5B: MOUNT
Post medieval copper alloy looped mount with suspension ring of 16th or 17th century date The mount is near-complete but is very-heavily corroded and comprises a mount with separate ring (with an overall length of 47mm and a weight of 3.5g). The mount is folded sheet metal (30.5mm long, 8.1mm wide, 0.6mm thick and 5.4mm deep) and was attached by a single rivet at the attachment end. Corrosion has removed detail of the decoration but appears to have been moulded, possibly with vegetal or floral scrolls. The sides are irregular and undulate, probably fitting the decoration. The ring is oval (20.0mm x 17.7mm) and has worn and corroded to have a variable width and thickness (1.0mm – 2.9mm wide and 0.5mm – 2.4mm thick). The ring is of D-shaped section and has moulded segmented decoration of the front. The rear of the ring is flat. The original surface has been lost and is now corroded mid to dark brown.

NMGW-82E4EA: SEAL MATRIX
Medieval copper alloy seal matrix of 14th or 15th century date The seal matrix is of rounded-oval form (26.4mm long, 22.4mm wide, 3.0mm thick and weighing 8.3g) and is complete. The rear of the matrix has a D-shaped lug at the apex (8.2mm long, 3.1mm thick, 6.4mm high and giving a depth of 8.9mm) with a circular perforation (3.5mm diameter). There is a low, subtle rib extending from the base of the lug to base of the matrix. Otherwise the rear is flat and undecorated. The seal die has a central device depicting the Virgin and Child. Mary is depicted in a facing or three-quarters profile, facing outwards and holding Christ on her left. Mary’s facial features are worn and do not now survive but Mary’s hair falls to her shoulders. Mary’s right arm is bent at the elbow with her hand at her chest and adjacent to Christ’s left hand. There is the suggestion that they both may be holding an oval object of uncertain identification, possibly indicating feeding. The folds in Mary’s garments are depicted below the arm and on the shoulder. Christ is supported in Mary’s left arm and is depicted in side-profile, looking upwards towards Mary’s face. Beneath the figures is a pointed canopy or a pillared niche and a praying cleric within. The canopy extends to the base of the seal. The cleric is depicted in side profile, facing to the right (as seen on the impression) and looking upwards. He is depicted with a discernible ridge around his head, probably indicating a tonsure. A collar is evident around his neck before the folds of the robe, which continue to the base of the die. The device is partially contained within a beaded border which abuts the chest of the cleric and the pillars of the canopy. The top of Mary’s head also projects a little beyond the border. Around the edge, the legend is in Black Letter script and appears to read: *S NICHOLAI FIL IOH’IS Seal of Nicholas son of John The seal is likely to be a monastic cleric’s seal. The surface has a dark-green patina.

NMGW-838A84: THIMBLE
Medieval cast copper alloy domed thimble, probably of mid-14th or 15th century date The thimble is near-complete with slight damage to the rim (with a length of 20.5 and a weight of 8.7g). The mouth is near-circular (with a diameter of 19.0 mm - 20.5mm and with a rim thickness of 0.5mm - 0.7 mm). Above the rim is plain band before the indentations with no incised border or groove. The sides of the thimble are very gently convex and converge towards the domed top. The thimble has fifteen rows of hand-punched indentations, 12 rows on the sides before continuing to the domed top and are comparatively regularly and closely-spaced. The apex (19mm diameter) is without indentations. The thimble has a mid to dark green surface patina. The thimble has comparatively small indentations and a is thin walled, suggesting that it belongs to Holmes’ (FDS 9, 1991)[1] Light-duty thimbles for finer work and light fabrics and best resembles the type illustrated as 1a . [1] Holmes, E.F., 1991; Sewing Thimbles; Finds Research Group 700-1700, Datasheet 9

NMGW-83A247: STRAP FITTING
Roman Copper alloy strap looped mount or strap-fitting, probably of first to early 2nd century AD date The mount was of quadrangular or sub-lozenge form and is incomplete, missing one side (with an overall height of 22.7mm, a length of 32.5mm, a surviving width of 19.2mm and a weight of 13.7g). At the centre of the mount is a raised oval boss (13.5mm x 10.6mm) defined by encircling groove. Around the boss each of surviving lobes is concave, projecting upwards at their terminals. No other applied decoration is evident on the mount. The underside is concave and dished. The integral loop is deeply arched (giving an internal depth of 14.0mm and internal width of 12.7mm) and of sub-circular section (4.8mm wide and 4.0 – 4.5mm thick), springing from near the terminals of the underside. The surface has a dark-green patina with areas of bright-green corrosion and dark-brown surface loss. The strap-fitting likely to be from a harness or similar and can be broadly paralleled with….. SUR-BDB067? The general form with a basal loop below a platform with upturned terminal is reminiscent of skirted terrets of Roman date.

NMGW-A7CAD8: BROOCH
Early medieval cast copper alloy brooch of Early Anglo Saxon saucer type and of 5th or 6th century AD date The brooch is near-complete missing the pin and fittings and with the rim somewhat distorted (with a maximum diameter of 48.5mm, a maximum surviving overall depth of 8.1mm and a weight of 16.4g). The rim is angled to the face (at approximately 135°, 0.5mm thick, giving a depth of 4.2mm and with a height of 3.3mm) and distorted flat against the face in one area. Inside of the rim is an angular ribbed border, inside of which is a loosely-repeating, zoomorphic chip-carved motif, perhaps of ‘Coherent’ Salin’s Style I. The motif depicts three repeating stylised birds in anticlockwise procession, probably in flight. The three birds are depicted in side profile around the central roundel with their heads positioned in the top left of the field. The heads contain a comparatively large, central circular eye in sunken relief. The legs are long and positioned to the rear and at the base, with the long legs perhaps suggesting a water-bird. The wings are depicted as three curved ribs. A concave-sided lozenge separates each of the birds and runs from the outside border to an inside ribbed border around the central roundel. The central roundel (8.7mm diameter) has a flat face and is not decorated. The brooch has corroded and is perforated where the surface is thinner because of the carved design. The reverse of the brooch has the stub from the single pierced lug, broken through the perforation that would have held the sprung pin. At the base is the truncated remnant of the catch-plate. The surface has a dark-green patina with gilding surviving, particularly in the grooves.

NMGW-A81DD8: MOUNT
Zoomorphic mount, possibly a Romanesque lion mount from a processional cross of 12th or 13th century date The cast mount is incomplete, missing the front leg, tail and eyes (with a length of 37.1mm, a depth of 15.6mm and a weight of 12.1g). The lion mount is depicted in the round, in side profile, with the head turned to the side and projecting outwards. The sub-spherical head is disproportionately small (with a diameter of 8mm) and has small ears, projecting upwards slightly, one of which is now lost. The eyes are depicted by circular recesses, which may have held glass settings. The mouth is horizontal grooves with sub-circular terminals. The body of the lion is convex across its width and narrows towards the rear end (where the mount has a thickness of 3.6mm). Damage at the rear may indicate the loss of the tail. Both legs are truncated, the front leg in particular. The mount was attached by a separate rivet (3.1mm diameter) through the beast’s shoulder. The rear of the mount is hollowed and the interior unfinished. The surface has a dark brown patina with traces of gilding surviving over much of the front. It is possible the mount adorned a processional cross and denotes the Lion of Saint Mark the Evangelist, in which case the missing front paw may have rested on the book.

NMGW-A9701E: CHAFING DISH
Late Medieval to early Post-Medieval copper alloy chafing dish handle of 15th to 17th century date. The handle is incomplete, represented by the attachment missing the outside end of the handle (with a surviving length of 59mm and a weight of 29.1g). The handle would have been looped and probably of bifurcating form. The handle (with a surviving length of 38.4mm and a surviving width of 57.0mm) is of rectangular section (3.7mm -2.2mm wide and 3.7mm - 4.9mm thick) with divergent sides. The longer side appears to have broken at the turn to the outside end. The attachment lug (24.1mm long) is of rectangular section (with a maximum width of 16.0mm and thickness of 8.0mm – 9.5mm) with gently rounded sides, expanding at the shoulders at the attachment end. The lug was attached using an integral circular-sectioned rivet (7mm diameter and 2.7mm long). The surface has a pale brown corrosion over a dark green patina. The handle resembles those found at Norwich, as recorded by Margeson (1993, p.81, nos. 489-491)[1], which have been dated to the 15th and 16th centuries. Lewis also records chafing dishes with two-lobed handles of 16th to 17th century date and suggests that they may be particular to Britain, as only one had been found on the Continent at that time (Lewis, 1978, p. 35)[2]. [1] Margeson, S. 1993. Norwich Households: The Medieval and Post-Medieval Finds from Norwich Survey Excavations 1971-1978. University of East Anglia, Norwich. [2] Lewis, J. M. 1978. Medieval Pottery and Metal-ware in Wales. National Museum of Wales, Cardiff.

NMGW-A9AB61: MOUNT
Medieval copper alloy strap-type mount probably from a chest, casket or similar of 13th or 14th century date The mount is fragmentary, represented by an end fragment (with a surviving length of 35.6mm and a weight of 4.5g). The terminal has a finger-knop of D-shaped section (7.5mm long, 2.9mm wide and 2.5mm thick) adjacent to a circular attachment hole (3.5mm diameter) around diagonal side grooves, suggesting a vegetal decoration. Deeper grooves flank a thicker section of the mount, which is rectangular sectioned (8.2mm wide and 3.5mm thick). The mount is faceted again before the break. The underside is slightly concave across its width but thickens at a fettled casting flaw. The worn and corroded surface has been lost and is stripped to the dark-brown metal.

NMGW-A9C043: BUCKLE
Medieval copper alloy buckle frame The cast buckle is of oval form, with elaborate outside edge and is missing the pin and any associated plate and now has a distorted bar (with a length of 18.0mm, a width of 22.5mm and a weight of 2.0g). The outside edge is expanded (5.0mm wide and 3.1mm thick) and narrows at the position of the missing pin. The top face is decorated with cross hatched incised lines and the decoration appears to extend onto the sides of the frame. The sides are oval sectioned (1.4mm x 1.0mm). The bar is narrowed and now extends into the buckle frame, probably because of damage. The surface has a dark-green patina.

NMGW-A9DE9A: RING
Copper alloy ring of uncertain date, probably a suspension-ring, harness, belt or strap ring The circular ring is near-complete but poorly or miscast and is of triangular-section. There are no markings or decoration on the ring. The surface is heavily-pitted and an outside and underside area of the ring (32mm long) is miscast with large air bubbles and would have been considerably weakened along this area. The interior surface is perpendicular to the underside, while the outside face is bevelled. The surface is stripped and has a red-brown patination. The ring has very few diagnostic or datable features but can be broadly paralleled with rings found on Roman and later sites. The ring was recovered from the vicinity of a Roman fort[1] and it is possible that the ring may be of Roman date. Later Roman military belt fittings tend to be slightly smaller and of lozenge section (Crummy, 1981, p. 139)[2]. Dimensions: maximum external diameter: 40.3mm; internal diameter: 23.4mm, thickness: 6.3mm – 8.4mm; weight: 30.9g [1] NPRN 91999 [2] Crummy, N.; 1983, The Roman Small Finds from excavations in Colchester 1971-9; Colchester Archaeological Report 2

NMGW-A9E68A: FINGER RING
Medieval copper alloy finger-ring of 14th or 15th century date The cast finger-ring is fragmentary, represented by the bezel and shoulders only (with a surviving height of 7.2mm and a weight of 2.7g). Little of the integral hoop now survives, which appears to have been of rectangular section at the shoulders (4mm wide and 1.8mm thick) with no applied decoration evident on the surviving stub (with a surviving width of 5.8mm and an internal diameter of approximately 19mm). The bezel is circular (with a diameter of 13.4mm) with some peripheral damage. The underside of the bezel is convex and the surface flat (with a thickness of 3.9mm). The bezel has an incised design in reverse, now somewhat difficult to interpret. At the apex and centre is a cross potent, flanked on each side by a lozenge. The lower part of the bezel appears to have been decorated with the letters ‘Ihc’ and indicating personal devotion. The surface has a mid-green patina.

NMGW-AA0196: PURSE
Late medieval to post medieval copper alloy purse bar probably of late 15th to early 16th century date The purse is represented by the loop and the bar (with a weight of 24.8g) and is a variant of Ward Perkins (1940, p 168)[1] Type B5. The bar differs from Ward-Perkins type B5 in having a sub-oval loop, rather than squared. The loop is distorted (with an overall length of 43.0mm and a width near the top of 16.8mm) and converges to its base. At the base of the loop is a bevelled moulding above the swivel. The shank has been peened over a broad washer (8.4mm diameter) at the base, to secure it within the central block. The central block has a concave top edge to the bar with a median bevel. The rounded faces of the block are decorated with vertical ribs, flanked by grooves. The bar is comparatively short (at 59.4mm) and narrows towards the terminal where it is decorated with cast lipped mouldings. On the base of the bar are perforated plates to attach the bag. The fragmentary perforated looped ends of the purse frame are present before the bar terminals, secured by riveted washers, possibly slightly knurled. The surface is heavily-corroded pale-green and has adhering iron corrosion. The purse bar, if not loop, corresponds with Ward Perkins Type B5, which he dates to the late 15th to early 16th century. [1] Ward Perkins, J.B., 1940, London Museum Medieval Catalogue

NMGW-AA164E: DAGGER
Post medieval cast copper alloy dagger guard or quillon of 16th or 17th century date The dagger guard is fragmentary, missing both terminals (with a surviving length of 47.0mm and a weight of 18.8g). The quillon arms are of faceted, sub-rectangular section, decorated with oval perforations, through which one of the arms has broken. Beyond the perforation on the more complete arm is a decorative moulding and diagonal grove, before a second perforation, which the arm has broken through. The midsection has a triangular slot (12.6mm long and 6.6mm wide) to accommodate the blade tang. The faces are convex while the block is rectangular-sectioned (21.8mm long, 10.5mm deep and 13.2mm thick). Both faces are decorated with diagonal stepped mouldings. The surface is heavily-corroded pale-green.

NMGW-AA2AF8: BUCKLE
Medieval copper alloy buckle frame of mid-12th to 14th century date The buckle frame is oval with ornate outside edge and is missing the pin (with a length of 27.1mm and a weight of 10.3g). The outside edge is expanded and of oval section (22.6mm long, 8.0mm wide and 7.2mm thick) and was decorated with ribs and grooves but now heavily-corroded and mostly lost. A pair of ribs near the centre may have defined a notch for the pin. The sides are convex (giving the buckle a width of 25.4mm) and of D-shaped section (3.3mm thick and 5mm wide). The sub-circular-sectioned bar (3mm diameter) was narrowed and offset and is now eroded. The surface has been lost and has a pale-green corrosion and striped red-brown surface.

NMGW-AA3B5C: COIN WEIGHT
Post medieval copper alloy coin weight of early - mid-17th century date English, (c. 1630-9) for a gold unite of James I, current at 22 shillings

NMGW-AA86E7: INGOT
Copper alloy ingot of uncertain date, possibly Roman The ingot appears to be incomplete (with a surviving length of 120.1mm and a weight of 154.2g). The crudely cast ingot is of irregular D-shaped section and is inconsistent in both its thickness and width, broken at the smaller end in antiquity (with a maximum width and thickness of 18.4mm and 19.5mm respectively and a minimum width and thickness of 11.2mm and 10.0mm respectively). The top face (as cast) is comparatively flat, slightly concave across its width and shows a limited element of finishing, with minimal file marks present on its higher points. There are an additional pair of incised and near-parallel lines along the wider end of the flat surface but possibly incised relatively recently. No additional working is evident on the sides. The surface of the ingot is unpatinated and largely uncocorroded with small areas of bright green corrosion. The lack of surface corrosion may suggest a more recent date for the ingot. Metallurgical analysis was conducted using X-Ray Fluorescence and the non-quantitative results demonstrated that the copper alloy composition contains zinc but probably only at trace levels and therefore is likely to be a bronze rather than a brass. The ingot has no diagnostic features and is therefore difficult to date with any confidence. The findspot area has produced material of many periods but its proximity to a possible Roman British site with industrial activity may suggest a contemporary date. A fragment hack-silver of suggested Roman date[1] has also been reported from the area and may be related to contemporary metalworking. [1] Treasure Wales 15.28

NMGW-AA9AC4: THIMBLE
Medieval cast copper alloy domed thimble, probably of mid-14th or 15th century date The thimble is near-complete with a little peripheral damage and a perforation below the apex (with a length of 20.6 and a weight of 10.8g). The mouth is sub-circular (with a diameter of 20.9mm – 21.4mm and internal diameter of 18mm). The rim appears to have been plain, not thickened and without a border (with a rim thickness of 1.0mm – 1.3mm). There is some damage to the rim but much of the edge appears to be near-complete. The sides of the thimble are gently convex and near-parallel but slightly convergent before the domed top. The thimble has a spiral of ten to eleven rows of hand-punched and closely spaced indentations, seven rows on the sides before the three rows on the domed top. The apex (7mm diameter) is without indentations and without a central perforation. There is an irregular oval perforation (5.2mm x 3.6mm) at the base of the dome, probably the result of damage. The thimble has a preserved mid to dark green surface patina with areas of corrosion and surface loss. The thimble has comparatively small indentations and is thick-walled, suggesting that it belongs to Holmes’ (FDS 9, 1991)[1] heavy-duty thimbles for more coarse work and heavy fabrics and best resembles the type illustrated as 2b. [1] Holmes, E.F; 1991; Sewing Thimbles; Finds Research Group 700-1700 Datasheet 9

NMGW-AAFB92: STRAP FITTING
Medieval copper alloy strap loop with separate rivet of 14th or 15th century date The cast strap loop is of D-shaped form with a prominent knop on the outside edge of the frame (with an overall length of 23.8mm and a weight of 3.3g). The terminal knop is oval sectioned (5.3mm long, 4.2mm wide and 5.0mm high) and has a ribbed border before the frame. The frame and bar are sub-rectangular sectioned (4.3mm wide and 1.9mm thick) and the sides of the frame are near-parallel, slightly convex. The bar has a circular perforation (2mm diameter) near the centre. The surface has a pale grey corrosion over a dark-green patina. The loop may have echoed a buckle form with a knop on its outside edge, as paralleled with examples excavated in London (Egan & Pritchard, 1991, no. 421, p. 94).

NMGW-AB4DC3: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy mount or brooch of Dragonesque type and of mid 1st to late 2nd century AD date The probable Dragonesque brooch is incomplete and slightly distorted, missing both terminals (with a surviving length of 35.5mm, a surviving width of 17.3mm and a weight of 7.2g). The brooch has the characteristic cast S-shaped form and is of flat section (4.6mm thick). The face is decorated with four curvilinear cells containing alternating red and (currently) green enamel arranged each side of a central transverse border. The surface is heavily corroded and any other decorative details have now been lost. The rear of the brooch is undecorated and slightly concave. The surface is heavily-corroded and pitted with a dark-green patina. It seems likely that the item is an incomplete Dragonesque brooch, but may also have been a decorative enamelled S-shaped mount, or decorative element from a larger object. Dragonesque brooches are a British native type with few recorded examples from Wales or the west of Britain, with many being recovered from frontier areas in Northern Britain.

NMGW-AB6785: STUD
Roman copper alloy bell-shaped stud with remnants of the iron shank on the base The copper alloy stud is near-complete with remnants of the iron shank corroded over the base and is comparatively small (with an overall length of 15.9mm and a weight of 13.7g). The circular stud has a marginally larger diameter at the upper rim (at 16.3mm). The interior of the rim is bevelled inwards before the raised central conical boss, which is marginally higher than the rim. The centre of the boss is flat with a central indentation. The exterior of the stud is decorated with a turned, subtle double incised groove around the rim, below which the stud has a stepped moulding before the concave waist (of 9.2mm minimum diameter). The base of the stud is obscured by iron corrosion, deepest at the centre, with the suggestion of a rectangular shank. The surface has a pale-green patina. Copper alloy studs of similar form have been found at Usk (Webster, 1995, p 274)[1] and elsewhere. The Usk studs are dated to the second and third centuries AD and are interpreted as furniture fittings. ‘Bell-shaped studs’ have also been found on lock plates and may have enhanced military objects. A basic classification for bell-shaped studs was established by Allason-Jones (1985), and as such this stus is: Type 1, with iron shank, usually caulked or fixed into the head with lead Allason-Jones, L., 1985. Bell-shaped studs, in: Bishop, M.C. (Ed.), The Production and Distribution of Roman Military Equipment: Proceedings of the Second Roman Military Equipment Research Seminar, BAR International Series. Presented at the Roman Military Equipment Research Seminar, B.A.R, Oxford, England, pp. 95–108. [1] Webster, J.; 1995, Furniture Fittings in W.H. Manning ; Report on the Excavations at Usk 1965-76; The Roman Small Finds

NMGW-ABA9BE: SEAL MATRIX
Medieval lead seal matrix of 13th or 14th century date The seal matrix is of pointed-oval form and is near-complete but is now heavily corroded and worn (with a length of 31.0mm, a width of 19.5mm and a weight of 10.4g). The rear of the matrix is flat except for the loop (10.0mm long, 5.1mm wide, 4.0mm high, 3.3mm dimeter and giving the matrix an overall depth of 7.8mm), positioned below the apex. There is the suggestion of a possible rib descending from the base of the loop. The seal die (3.1mm thick) is heavily corroded with little of the encircling legend surviving. The central device depict a Fleur-de-lys but not of the lettering can be confidently interpreted beyond the letter ‘S’ at the beginning.

NMGW-ABC844: SEAL MATRIX
Medieval copper alloy seal matrix of 13th or 14th century date The matrix is of circular form, with an hexagonally faceted handle and is near-complete but with damaged edges and is now heavily-corroded (with a length of 22.7mmand a weight of 5.2g). The loop (3.0mm internal diameter) at the apex of the handle is damaged, missing one side but appears to have been of unusual lozenge form. Beneath the loop, a moulding defined the top of the faceted handle, which expands to the truncated circular seal die, now with eroded edges (of 18.0mm maximum diameter). The central device on the seal depicts a stag’s head, with its snout at the base and antlers extending to the top. Between the antlers is a Cross of Potent or Crosslet form. None of the letters of the encircling legend are now discernible. The corroded surface has a dark-green patina. The seal matrix was found in close proximity to a copper alloy chain (215mm long and weighing 14.7g) and a possible fob, cast in copper alloy depicting an openwork griffin or winged-lion, passant guardant (35.5mm long, 31.5mm high, 4.6mm thick and weighing 10.5g). The fob is missing the raised front leg and is flat and undecorated on the rear. Both the chain and possible fob are likely to be of post medieval date and if associated with the seal, would be of secondary use.

NMGW-ABD846: MOUNT
Copper alloy decorative mount, probably of Roman date The mount is of form and is complete (with a diameter of 42.4mm and a weight of 22.3g). There is a slight rim around the edge, before an internal ridge (of 12mm diameter and 4.5mm deep). The mount has a central raised boss (of 21.0mm diameter and giving a depth of 7.6mm) with a concave or dished centre (11.7mm diameter and 3.0mm deep). Around the edge of the apex is a raised rim border. No applied decoration is discernible on the mount. The underside is unfinished and gently dished. Near but placed off-centre is an integral attachment stud of rectangular section (4.0mm x 3.3mm and 3.8mm high and giving an overall depth of 7.8mm). There is the suggestion of casting seams evident on the reverse. The surface has a dark-green patina with some bright-green corrosion. The mount is somewhat difficult to closely parallel although the style and technology are broadly consistent with Roman metalwork and may have been used for decorating furniture or similar.

NMGW-AC2496: SEAL MATRIX
Medieval copper alloy seal matrix of 12th or 13th century date The seal matrix is incomplete, missing the terminal loop and edge of the die (with a surviving length of 22.9mm and a weight of 8.7g). The missing loop was probably of trilobed form, as suggested by the dividing rib at the centre of the aperture. Below the loop was a ribbed moulding flanked by grooves. The handle is of hexagonally-faceted form. The seal die was circular (with a surviving maximum diameter of 17.8mm). The device on the seal die is of geometric form, comprising a central line cutting a saltire cross. Four smaller saltire crosses are positioned around both the base and apex of the central cross. None of the encircling legend now survives. The surface has a dark-brown patina.

NMGW-AC2F25: EWER
Medieval copper alloy ewer spout, probably of 15th century date The cast zoomorphic ewer spout is in the form of a dog’s head with the spout protruding from the open mouth. The spout is near-complete, with some corrosion (with an overall length of 71.4mm and a weight of 72.2g) and would have been soldered to the body of the ewer at the curved and convex oval attachment end (with external dimensions: 53.4mm long and 17.9mm wide). The dog has oval and upright ears, concave across their widths, protruding above the head, now slightly truncated. The snout is defined by a concave depression and appears to have had a central ridge. The brow on top of the dog’s head may also have had a mid-ridge but is now corroded. The neck of the dog is oval-sectioned, with a flattened facet on the underside. The spout is sub-circular with near-straight sides converging slightly towards the end (protruding 8.6mm – 11.5mm from the dog’s mouth, with an internal diameter of 5.4mm and 8.8mm - 10.0mm external). The surface is heavily-pitted and corroded but with some surviving dark blue-green patina with areas of pale-green corrosion. A similar ewer spout depicting a dog’s head and dated to the 15th century was recovered from the moat of Cardiff Castle (Lewis, 1991)[1]. [1] Lewis, J.M. (1991), Bronze Aquamaniles and Ewers, Finds Research Group 700-1700 Datasheet 7

NMGW-AC3F52: BUCKLE
Medieval copper alloy buckle of annular type, of mid-13th to mid-15th century date. The cast buckle comprises both frame and pin. The frame is circular and comparatively robust (with an external diameter of 49.8mm, an internal diameter of 36.6mm and a weight of 43.2.7g) and is of circular section and (with a diameter of 6.2mm – 7.0mm). There is no pin restriction on the frame and no decoration is evident. The pin (with a length of 543.5mm) has a loop of D-shaped section (14.5mm external diameter and 5.0mm wide), open at the rear. There is a stepped moulding at the top of the sub-rectangular sectioned shaft. There is no surviving evidence for ridges on the moulding. The end of the pin has a recess to seat on the frame. The surface is corroded with a mid-green patina.

NMGW-AC526C: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of uncertain type, possibly T-shaped or allied type and of 1st or 2nd century AD date The brooch is incomplete, missing some of the wings and spring and with a distorted bow (with a distorted length and depth of 54.9mm and 21.8mm respectively and with a weight of 8.5g). The missing spring was secured within sheet metal wings that were riveted to the bow. The sheet metal wings are now damaged and truncated (with a surviving width of 13.8mm a height of 8.0mm, a depth of 3.6mm and a thickness of 0.4mm). No decoration is evident on the wing fragment. The bow has an integral rivet on the rear of the head to secure the wings. The Upper bow if of rectangular section with parallel sides and gradually thins towards the leg (with a width of 5.6mm and a thickness of 2.0mm – 5.6mm). The front of the bow is decorated with a midrib defined by flanking grooves, which gradually weaken at the top of the leg. The leg oval-sectioned with straight sides converging to the pointed foot. No decoration is evident on the leg. The catch-plate is damaged and has lost the catch. The outer face of the catch-plate is decorated with incised cross hatching. The surface has a mid to light-green patina with areas of corrosion. The brooch form with a separate riveted head is unusual but can be paralleled in other examples recorded with PAS, often fragmentary and less complete.

NMGW-ACE9A4: BUCKLE
Late Roman or Early Medieval copper alloy buckle plate of 4th to 7th century date The buckle plate is near-complete but the frame and pin are missing (with a surviving length of 39.5mm, a thickness of 3.2mm and a weight of 9.5g). The plate was formed by folding the sheet lengthways with two strips to secure the frame. (5-6mm wide) and convex across its length. The plate is sub-rectangular, slightly wider at the attachment end (at 23.3mm and 22.0mm adjacent to the frame) and with a subtle concavity to both the sides and the attachment end. The front plate is marginally larger than the rear. The plates were secured using five separate rivets with protruding domed heads (3mm diameter, 1.3mm – 1.6mm high and giving an overall depth of 5.5mm) positioned near each corner and at the centre. The front plate is decorated with a border of double repeating punched triangles and defining a central strip. The area between the plates is filled with sediment. The rear plate is undecorated and the ends of the rivets are evident, with the two rivets adjacent to the frame also secured with sub-square plate acting as washers. The surface has a deep and dark-green patina.

NMGW-AD514E: RING
Copper alloy annular ring of uncertain function and date The cast ring is circular (26.2mm diameter, 13.6mm internal diameter and weighing 17.3g) and is flat on one face and bevelled on the other (8.2mm thick), rounded across the outside. The ring is decorated with concentric incised grooves, with three on the convex face and one on the flat face. No other decoration is evident. The surface has a pitted, dark green-brown patina with areas of green surface loss. The ring is of uncertain function but may have been a spindle-whorl or weight, although a spindle whorls in copper alloy would be unusual. There are few attributes on the object to help determine a date but it may possibly be of Roman, Early Medieval or Medieval date.

NMGW-AD9BA4: BUCKLE
Medieval copper alloy oval-framed buckle with ornate outside edge of 13th or 14th century date The buckle frame is near-complete but is missing the pin (with a length of 19.7mm and a weight of 2.8g). The outside edge is wider than the rest of the frame (5.5mm wide and 2.7mm thick) and has a bevelled top face, enhanced with ribbed and grooved decoration. One of the outside knops has been lost. The sides are arched (giving the frame a width of 27.1mm) and is of sub-triangular section. The bar is narrowed and offset with extensive wear on one end. The surface is heavily corroded with a dark-green patina.

NMGW-ADB1A9: CLASP
Medieval copper alloy folding strap clasp, probably of late 13th to early 15th century date The clasp is missing the plate but retains the damaged folding end (with a closed length of 13.1mm, an open length of 18.1mm, a width of 10.9mm and a weight of 1.1g). The exposed bar is of rectangular section (1.1mm thick and 1.4mm wide). The sides are of also rectangular sectioned and have ribs near both ends. The folding end is of sheet plate but has some damage and the transverse rib catch is present (3.1mm wide and 1.5mm thick and giving the clasp an overall depth of 3.7mm). The surface has a grey-green patina.

NMGW-ADD446: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of uncertain type, probably of Hod Hill, Aucissa or allied type The brooch is fragmentary, represented by the damaged head and upper bow only and is flattened (with a surviving length of 25.7mm, a depth of 3.8mm and a weight of 1.9g). The missing pin was hinged, within a rolled head (with a surviving width of 17.2mm and a diameter of 3.2mm). The head narrows to the rectangular sectioned upper bow and is then near-parallel sided, slightly convergent to the break (with a width of 9.4mm – 11.2mm and a thickness of 1.0mm). The upper bow is decorated with four vertical and parallel u-shaped grooves, defining ribs between the grooves. The ribs are enhanced with punched marks. The rear of the bow is flat and is there is no catch-plate on the fragment. The surface has a pale-green patina.

NMGW-ADDDE3: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy enamelled bow brooch, probably of Trumpet-derivative; disc-and-trumpet type and of 2nd century AD date The cast brooch is fragmentary, missing both the head and leg (with a surviving length of 23.2mm, a surviving depth of 6.0mm). The top of the bow is expanding at the break, where it is oval-sectioned (5.6mm x 3.9mm) and angled to the rear. The mid-bow has a the characteristic enamelled circular disc (of 16.4mm diameter and 3.1mm thick) that would have had four peripheral lugs, now mostly lost. The disc was decorated with two concentric recessed discs that would have held enamel. There is no trace of enamel in the outer ring (4.9mm – 10.6mm diameter) but the inner ring (1.0mm – 3.7mm) has traces of glue glass enamel. The top of the leg is evident at the base of the disc (7.6mm wide), of low D-shaped section and at the rear is the beginning of the central catch-plate. The surface is corroded with a dark-green patina and pale-brown corrosion deposit. The fragmentary condition of the brooch makes typological identification uncertain. The form of the disc and expanding neck however are consistent with native British Disc-and-trumpet brooches of Hull’s type 166, with a distribution extending into South Wales (Hattatt, 1985, p113)[1] [1] Hattatt, R.: 1985; Iron Age and Roman Brooches.

NMGW-ADE13E: BOOK FITTING
Post medieval copper alloy book-mount, probably of late 16th or 17th century date The mount is near-complete but slightly damaged, missing part of the attachment end (with a length of 40.8mm and a weight of 5.2g). The clasp is made from sheet copper alloy (1.3mm thick) riveted to a back plate, now lost with adhering iron corrosion (giving a maximum depth of 3.4mm). The expanded terminal on the front plate (with a surviving width of 16.4mm) appears to have had a straight edge, decorated with punched chevrons. The sides of the clasp converge and are near-parallel and straight (12.8mm wide near the catch). The front is decorated with a circular perforation near the attachment end containing an iron rivet. The central area has a punched concentric triple circles with a central perforation also with an iron rivet. Linear striations also decorated the mount but are now corroded. The mount expands at the catch. The surface has been stripped to a red-brown surface with patches of pale-green corrosion.

NMGW-ADEC61: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of T-shaped type and of 1st or 2nd century AD date The cast brooch is fragmentary, represented by the incomplete head only (with a surviving length of 14.3mm, a surviving depth of 6.2mm and a weight of 2.9g). The missing pin was hinged within tubular wings, only one of which now survives (with a surviving width of 17.7mm, an original approximate width of 26mm and a diameter of 3.7mm – 4.5mm). There is no surviving decoration evident on the wing. The bow (8.7mm wide, 2.9mm deep and 1.1mm – 1.8mm thick) is gently convex across its width and hollowed on the rear, with no appreciable curvature across its length. The sides are straight with a grooved border and parallel as far as the break. There is a decorative raised lozenge above the break but no other decoration evident. The surface has a dark-green patina.

NMGW-AE04A7: VESSEL
Post medieval copper alloy cooking vessel handle from a posnet or skillet of 16th to 17th century date The cast handle is from a cooking vessel and is near-complete, eroded at the terminal and includes a fragment of the vessel rim (with an overall length of 183mm and a weight of 240.8g). The handle is of D-shaped section with straight sides converging towards the terminal (with a width of 13mm – 32.0mm and a thickness of 6.1mm - 10.6mm). The top of the handle is decorated with a grooved border and there is the suggestion of applied decoration on the interior but the detail is now too worn to be able to identify. However, there is the suggestion of diagonal grooves form scale-decoration on both the upper and lower surfaces. The handle appears to have a diagonal brazed repair (73mm from the terminal). The underside of the handle, near the vessel has a black discolouration from burning. There is no brace beneath the handle. A short length of the rim is evident on the handle and is raised above the handle face (with a width of 48.1mm, a length of 19.8mm and 10.4mm above the handle) and, suggests a comparatively small diameter (of 100mm) The surface is corroded and pitted with a mid to dark-green patina.

NMGW-AE42C1: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of Trumpet type and of 1st or 2nd century AD date The cast brooch is fragmentary, represented by the head only (with a surviving length of 16.0mm, a surviving depth of 8.0mm and a weight of 2.7g). The missing spring was secured around a pierced lug (5.5mm long, 6.2mm wide and 3.1mm thick with a diameter of 1.2mm) on the rear of the head. The trumpet-head is oval (7.9mm wide and 9.7mm long) and has a flat border before the bow of sub-triangular section. The bow has broken just beneath the head. The surface is corroded with a dark-green patina.

NMGW-AE5053: MOUNT
Post medieval copper alloy belt or strap mount of 16th or 17th century date The cast mount is complete (with a length of 21.0mm, a maximum width of 8.1mm and a weight of 1.7g) and is of sub-oval form, with an elongated knop at the apex and a spherical knop at the base. The sides are straight and convergent to the base and the mount is convex across its width and flat along its length. There is no decoration evident of the surface of the mount. The mount was attached using two integral pins, which have been neatly folded over the missing strap (giving the mount a depth of 6.6mm).

NMGW-AEA43C: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of Langton Down type and 1st century AD date The cast brooch is near-complete (with a length of 40.8mm, a depth of 13.4mm and a weight of 8.0g) and has been repaired in antiquity, replacing the sprung pin with hinged pin. The brooch originally employed a spring mechanism behind semi-cylindrical wings, open at the ends and on the rear (with a diameter of 6.8mm and a width of 17.9mm). The spring is wound around a copper alloy axis bar with three to four coils each side of the centre and the pin has broken where it emerges from the spring. A secondary pin has been inserted at the centre, between both sides of the spring. The semi-cylindrical wings have been decorated at the top of the head with a double groove, below which is an arc of punched dots with a central chevron, also comprised of punched dots. There were vertical grooves, probably a pair each side but now damaged. The top of the bow is arched and has a transverse groove (with a width of 12.1mm and a thickness of 2.7mm). The bow id of low D-shaped section, with gently concave and convergent sides. The bow is fluted, comprising a central midrib in sunken relief, enhanced with notches and flanked on each side with wider groves and the edges have a notched ribbed border, echoing the midrib. Below the head, the groves flanking the midrib are enhanced with a rib, which gradually weakens along the bow. The decoration continues to the straight edged foot (7.0mm wide and 0.9mm thick). The catch-plate (17.4mm long, 0.5mm thick and with a surviving height of 5.4mm) is positioned on the centre of the leg and has lost its catch. The catch-plate was enhanced with a triangular or sub-triangular opening. The surface has a dark-green patina. The brooch conforms closely to Langton Down, Class B type (Hull unpublished), which Hattatt (1982, p. 80)[1] sees as being derived from the La Tène III type in Gaul with a pre-conquest date in Britain of c. early to mid-1st century AD. The brooch can be closely paralleled with a Class B brooch recorded by Hatatt (ibid. no. 39) from near Ipswich, Suffolk. [1] Hattatt, R.; 1982; Ancient and Romano-British Brooches

NMGW-AEB9D8: EWER
Medieval copper alloy ewer spout, probably of 15th century date The cast zoomorphic ewer spout is in the form of a dog’s head with the spout protruding from the open mouth. The spout is near-complete, with some corrosion (with an overall length of 63.1mm and a weight of 55.1g) and with a perforation near the top, possibly the result of miscasting or possibly to aid pouring. The spout would have been attached to the body of the ewer at the curved and convex oval attachment end (with external dimensions: 43.9mm long and 15.0mm wide). The neck of the spout is oval sectioned with a central ridge running to the dog’s head and basal ridge running the entire length of the spout. The dog has oval ears and pointing slightly towards the rear. The ears are concave across their widths and flat against the head, rather than raised. The brow is ridged and enhanced with short incised lines, resembling eyelashes. The top of the head is ridged and also has incised lines. Between the central ridge and the ear is the oval perforation (7.5mm long and 3.4mm wide). The eyes are pointed oval defined by incised lines and with a central dot for the pupil. The snout is concave with a central face, the end of the snout, probably the nostrils are denoted by incised arcs. The spout is sub-circular with near-straight sides converging slightly towards the end (protruding 5.5mm – 11.4mm from the dog’s mouth, with an internal diameter of 6.4mm and 9.3mm external). There is a copper alloy blockage within the spout (13.4mm inside the rim), which appears to be contemporary and may have necessitated the need for the perforation at the head. The surface is corroded and has a dark green patina with areas of bright-green corrosion. A similar ewer spout depicting a dog’s head and dated to the 15th century was recovered from the moat of Cardiff Castle (Lewis, 1991)[1]. [1] Lewis, J.M. (1991), Bronze Aquamaniles and Ewer1.43g, corrodeds, Finds Research Group 700-1700 Datasheet 7

NMGW-C18F4E: BUCKLE
Medieval copper alloy buckle plate probably of 11th to 12th century date The buckle is missing the frame and is represented by the distorted plate (with a length of 26.6mm and a weight of 4.4g). The plate is of folded type with two strips to secure the missing frame (4mm wide, 5.6mm long and 3.5mm deep). The front plate is rectangular (21.9mm long and 18.5mm wide), domed at the centre with Romanesque openwork zoomorphic decoration. There is a plain border around the ends and sides with two domed attachment rivets (1.4mm high) near the corners of the attachment end. The plate has an openwork depiction of a lion-like quadruped beast in relief (giving an overall depth of 7mm) walking to the left with its head facing to the rear. The tail coils above the hindquarters. Any applied decoration or detail has been lost. Gilding survives over much of the surface. The rear plate is also rectangular and is slightly smaller than the front (at 19.5mm x 16.0mm and 0.3mm thick). No decoration or gilding is evident on the rear plate. Both rivet holes have truncated the corners of the plate. The plate can be paralleled with examples recorded with PAS from Houghton, West Sussex[1] and Hogsthorpe, Lincolnshire[2]. [1] SUSS-3E04E1 [2] LIN-68BF59

NMGW-C1A589: STRAP END
Early Medieval copper alloy strap-end of Thomas’ (2003, p 2)[1] Class A, Type 1 and probably of late-8th to 9th century date The strap-end is near-complete, missing the attachment end but is heavily worn and corroded (with a length of 36.0mm and a weight of 4.2g). The attachment end has broken through the two perforations to take the attachment rivets (with a width of 8mm and a depth of 2.9mm) with a V-shaped split (8mm long) to accommodate the strap and secured with rivets, now missing. The sides are convex with a maximum width (of 12.2mm) near the end of the slot. Much of the decorative detail has been lost to wear and corrosion. A recessed sub-rectangular panel is evident on the midsection of the strap-end which contains the suggestion of an interlace design, probably of Trewhiddle style but is no longer discernible. The strap-end thickens slightly at the pointed terminal (to 1.8mm) and has eroded mouldings that depicted the beasts’ head. There are slight side depressions indicating where the eyes were and the remnants of the raised brow is also evident. There is an irregular depression on the rear of the head of uncertain interpretation. The arced mouldings of the ears are discernible at the back of the head. The surface of the strap-end has been stripped to a dark-brown corrosion with areas of pale green corrosion surviving in the recessed panel. [1] Thomas, G.; 2003, Late Anglo-Saxon and Viking Age strap-ends 750-1100: Part 1; The finds Research Group AD700-1700, Datasheet 32

NMGW-C1BF39: HARNESS PENDANT
Medieval copper alloy harness pendant of 12th or 13th century date The harness pendants is incomplete, missing most of the pendant part and is hinged closed (with a length of 40.0mm and a weight of 13.5g). The suspension mount is near-square (29.4mm long, 27.2mm wide and 1.8mm thick) and was attached using four separate rivets, positioned near the corners. At the centre of the mount is a circular recessed field containing a cross with trefoil knops on each of the arms. The interior of the cross is recessed: The cross of Toulouse. It is not clear whether there was enamel in any of the recessed areas. At the base of the mount is the hinge (11mm long, 11.2mm wide and 7.7mm deep), with the twin lugs of the mount flanking the single lug of the pendant and with a copper alloy axis bar. The pendant appears to have been of sub-square form, similar to the mount and is of sheet copper alloy (15.7mm wide and 0.5mm thick). The pendant has broken diagonally across the centre, which appears to have had a circular perforation (5mm diameter). The decoration on the pendant is now difficult to discern and may have been of composite form using the perforation to secure a separate element. The surface is corroded with a dark-brown patina. The harness pendant form can be broadly paralleled with the elaborate sets illustrated by Ashley (2000, p. 8, fig. 8)[1] of 12th and early 13th century date and the motif can be paralleled on an example found at Wiverton (ibid. no 174, p 44). [1] Ashley, S.; 2002; Medieval Armorial Horse Furniture; East Anglian Archaeology, Report No. 101; Norfolk Museum and Archaeology Service

NMGW-C1E423: SADDLE
Post medieval copper alloy saddle pommel of 16th or 17th century date The pommel is fragmentary, represented by an incomplete half (with a surviving length of 57.4 mm and a weight of 23.1g). The pommel was of two-piece construction, soldered across its midsection. The domed pommel is hollow and of sub-circular section (with a diameter of 35.1mm, an internal diameter of 31.7mm and is up to 2.1mm thick). The sides are gently convex and near-parallel before becoming more rounded at its domed apex. The basal attachment lug has been lost. The pommel is decorated with two pairs of prominent diagonal grooves within an incised border. The surface is heavily corroded with patched of pale-green corrosion and elsewhere the stripped red-brown metal is exposed. The pommel can be broadly paralleled with examples recorded by PAS from Glynneath, Neath-Port Talbot and Llanfair Dyffryn Clwyd, Denbighshire and an example published by Read (1988, p 127-8, no. 808) recovered from Bicton in Devon.

NMGW-C256C0: FLAT AXEHEAD
Early Bronze Age fragmentary bronze flat axe of uncertain type perhaps contemporary with Type Migdale axes as defined by Schmidt & Burgess (1981, p 35-44)[1], of Metalworking Assemblage III, corresponding to Needham’s (1996)[2] Period 2 -3 and probably dating to c. 2,200 – 1,900BC. The axe comprises a worn blade fragment (with a surviving length of 39.7mm and a weight of 63.6g). The break has occurs in antiquity across the thickest surviving part of the axe (where the axe has a width of 27mm and a thickness of 7.3mm). The sides are worn and corroded but appear to have been straight and divergent but widening more sharply at the blade. The blade tips have been lost (giving the blade a surviving width of 40.8mm). Both blade faces are gently convex across their width and flat across their lengths, before narrowing more sharply at a poorly defined blade facet. The original blade edge has been lost but now has a comparatively deep curve. The surface is heavily-pitted and corroded with a dark-green patina with areas of bright-green active corrosion. The fragmentary state of the object makes any definite identification difficult and typological identification more problematic. The general form, with a lack of developed features and straight, divergent sides are broadly consistent with Type Migdale axes, dating to the Early Bronze Age (c. 2200 – 1900BC). Metallurgical Analysis was undertaken by Mary Davis[3], with three readings taken from a micro-sample and analysed by Scanning Electron Microscope with Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy; minor and trace element analysis is included; although possibly inaccurate, particularly when below 0.1%, but give an indication of presence and absence, which researchers are finding significant for analyses of Early Bronze Age material. The results indicate a tin-bronze with significant trace elements of zinc and lead. The measured percentage results are: Fe Co Ni Cu Zn As Ag Sn Pb Total 0.02 0.01 0.05 89.86 0.58 0.12 0.06 9.08 0.22 100.00 [1] Schmidt, P.K. & Burgess, C. 1981; The Axes of Scotland and Northern Ireland, Praähistorische Bronzefunde Abteilung IX, 7. Band 7 [2] Needham, S. 1996; Chronology and Periodisation in the British Bronze Age , Acta Archaeologica 67, p. 121-140 [3] Principal Analytical Services Officer, Amgueddfa Cymru – National Museum Wales

NMGW-C26925: MOUNT
Copper alloy mount of uncertain date The mount is fragmentary (with a surviving length of 31.5mm, a surviving width of 21.4mm and a weight of 4.6g) and is of copper alloy sheet (1.5mm thick). The outside edge undulates, seemingly to accommodate the design. There is a single surviving attachment hole near a protruding knop on the outside edge out (2.9mm diameter). The mount has broken through an open at the centre, which appears to have been circular at one end flanked by a linear opening. One face is decorated with curvilinear incised and punched decoration arranged around a ring defined by grooved lines. The fragmentary condition of the mount makes identification difficult. The decoration may suggest some age and could be broadly paralleled on decorative metalwork of Early Medieval date but can also be seen on metalwork of later periods including Post medieval and modern.

NMGW-C2E4EB: SPOON
Post medieval copper alloy spoon, probably of 17th century date The spoon is fragmentary and damaged, missing the end of the handle (with a surviving length of 116.2mm and a weight of 32.6g). The bowl is of fig-shape (69mm long, 49.9mm wide, 9mm deep and 0.7mm thick) and is crushed. There is a maker’s mark within a segmented or beaded punched annulet on the bowl beneath the handle. The device within the annulet is corroded and worn but appears to have rounded lobes and was possibly of floral form, or possibly zoomorphic. No other marks are evident. The handle is integral and of oval section, widening towards the bowl (with a width and thickness near the bowl of 7.2mm and 3.2mm respectively and 4.6mm and 3.2mm at the break). The surface is corroded with a mid to dark-green patina.

NMGW-13910C: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of T-shaped type and 1st or 2nd century AD date The brooch is incomplete, missing the leg and pin (with a surviving length of 27.1mm, a surviving depth of 14.5mm and a weight of 17.6g). The missing pin was hinged within oval sectioned (tubular wings (8.9mm x 7.5mm and with a width of 34.7mm). The wings were decorated on the front with a pair of grooves near each terminal. There is a moulding on the underside of the bow, adjacent to the head. The bow is of oval section (with a width and thickness of 8.8mm and 6mm respectively at the head), with straight sides, gradually converging to the break (4mm wide and 3.4mm thick). No decoration is now discernible on the bow. The beginning of the catch-plate is not evident on the rear of the bow. The surface is heavily corroded and pitted with a brown-green patina.

NMGW-13ABE2: MOUNT
Copper alloy enamelled mount of uncertain date, possibly Roman The mount is fragmentary, broken on all sides and is now sub-oval (32.4mm x 22.2mm and with a weight of 8.7g). The fragment now comprises a flat plate (with a thickness of 2.8mm) with an integral circular-sectioned lug on the rear (6mm diameter and 2.2mm high). Otherwise the rear is flat and undecorated. The face is decorated with three incised, which appear perpendicular and may have formed a rectangular device or border. Within the incised border are nine complete or fragmentary circular cells (4 – 5m diameter), most of which contain remnants of red enamel. The cells are arranged somewhat irregularly. The surface is heavily corroded and pitted with a pale green corrosion and black patina. The fragmentary and corroded condition of the object makes identification difficult. It is possible that the lug on the rear is the remnants of an integral attachment rivet and the front may have had a square or rectangular panel containing red circular cells; perhaps a harness or belt mount of Roman date.

NMGW-13C21B: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of Trumpet type and of 1st or 2nd century AD date The brooch is fragmentary, represented by the head only (with a surviving length of 10.9mm, a surviving depth of 5.9mm and a weight of 1.2g). The missing spring was likely to have been secured between lateral lugs on the rear of the head, now mostly eroded. The rear of the head is dished. The trumpet head is oval (8.6mm wide and 9.2mm long). No chain-loop is discernible at the top of the head and any decoration, no longer survives. The top of the bow is evident at the base of the head, immediately before the break. The surface is heavily corroded pale-green.

NMGW-13D490: SWORD BELT
Post medieval copper alloy sword belt fitting of 16th to 17th century date The fitting is incomplete, missing two of the hooked mounts (with a length of 62.6mm and a weight of 10.7g). The plate mount (2.4mm thick) has an expanded-curved terminal with a perforation at each terminal (4mm diameter), and has broken through the perforation at one terminal. The mount is decorated on its face with moulded vegetal and floral scrolls. The top edge is of undulating form while the base had three integral suspension loops, each of which contained the separate hooked mounts, one of which now survives (19.8mm long). The hooked mounts are closed at the rear, in a terminal knop while the distal end terminal bifurcates (12.5mm wide). The surface is corroded with a pale-green corrosion and elsewhere a dark-green patina.

NMGW-13EEDD: HARNESS PENDANT
Medieval copper alloy harness pendant of 13th or 14th century date The harness pendant is incomplete, missing the suspension loop and is heavily-corroded (with a surviving length of 29.0mm, a thickness of 1.8mm 0 2.5mm and a weight of 3.6g) and was probably of lozenge form. The suspension loop is perpendicular to the mount (with a surviving depth of 4.5mm and a thickness of 1mm – 3mm) and has broken through the perforation. The sides of the pendant are eroded but appear to have a linear diversion (giving a maximum surviving width of 20.7mm) before converging towards the missing base. The front of the pendant was decorated with a heraldic device in enamel but little now survives. Blue enamel (azure) survives around the edge and suggests a shield device at the centre but all other detail has been lost. The surface has corroded green-brown with remnants of a dark-brown patina on the reverse.

NMGW-1467E5: STRAP FITTING
Roman copper alloy strap mount The mount is near-complete with slight peripheral damage (with a weight of 17.9g). The front of the mount comprises two conjoined discs (with a width / diameter of 20.0 and 20.1mm, a length of 39.2mm and a thickness of 2.8mm – 3.6mm). The face is flat with no applied decoration evident. The rear of the face is near-flat and has the integral loop. The loop is rectangular (5.8mm long, 8.9mm high and giving an overall depth of 12.0mm and with internal dimensions of 2.5mm x 5.5mm). The loop has rectangular-sectioned (5.7mm wide x 7mm sides and 3mm thick crossbar). The surface has a dark-green brown patina with adhering iron corrosion. The mount can be broadly paralleled with Roman period mounts although the conjoined double-disc form is difficult to closely parallel.

NMGW-148C99: MOUNT
Medieval copper alloy terminal probably a mount The mount is incomplete, missing the attachment end and with a damaged terminal (with a surviving length of 27.4mm, a thickness of 1.7mm and a weight of 2.3g). The object has broken through a perforation, probably for attachment but possibly decorative, positioned off-centre. The sides are straight and parallel (22.0mm wide), before converging immediately before the trefoil terminal. There is punched ring-and-dot decorative motif, near the centre and above the terminal. The trefoil or fleur-de-lys terminal has lost one of the lobes. There is an iron attachment pin at the end of the central lobe. The surface has a dark-brown patina with some adhering iron corrosion

NMGW-14C549: HARNESS FITTING
Late Iron Age copper alloy terret of 2nd century BC to 1st century AD date The oval terret is complete but is heavily corroded (with a length of 38.2mm, a width of 48.2mm, internal dimensions of 31.6mm x 24.2mm and a weight of 37.7g). The hoop is circular sectioned at the apex, becoming rounded D-shaped sectioned towards the base (with a minimum diameter of 5.8mm and a width and height at the terminals, adjacent to the bar of 13.0 and 11.7mm respectively). The terminals are expanded with a trumpet moulding, which tapers from the underside and widens to reach a maximum width (of 6mm) on the interior of the hoop. The moulding appears to have been enhanced with a grooved border, adjacent to the bar but now largely worn and corroded. The basal part of the outside of the hoop is decorated with two curvilinear grooves, beginning at the basal moulding and converging at a midrib (21mm from the bar). The groves continue along the hoop and define a central midrib. The bar (with a length of 17.3mm – 21mm) has a consistent sub-rectangular to oval section (7.8mm deep and 6.6mm thick) and has a gentle curve along its length. The surface is now heavily-corroded and pitted withy remnants of a dark-green patina. No clear wear facets are now discernible on the interior of the hoop.

NMGW-155FEB: AXEHEAD
Copper alloy fragment, probably a blade edge fragment from a Bronze Age axe of undetermined type and date but possibly a fragment of a Late Bronze Age socketed axe The axe is fragmentary, represented by a side fragment of a blade edge only (with a surviving width of 17.1mm, a surviving length of 25.5mm, a maximum surviving may possibly have broken across the base of a socket, possibly suggested by a depression on the break. Only a very short part of the blade edge survives (7mm). The casting seam is evident on the surviving side, with the suggestion that the sides are angled to the centre. The side is slightly convex across its surviving length. Both face are slightly convex across their lengths with no discernible blade facet or ribs surviving. The surface is corroded with some surviving dark green patina. The fragmentary state of the object makes identification difficult and typological identification indeterminate. Although it is possible to tentatively suggest the base of a socket on the fragment and together with angled sides, indicating a hexagonal body section may indicate a socketed axe of Late Bronze Age date, c. 750 – 600BC.

Roman copper alloy enamelled plate brooch of Umbonate type and of 2nd century AD date The brooch is incomplete, missing much of the edge and the pin (with a surviving length of 29.2mm, an overall surviving depth of 7.6mm and a weight of 4.3g). The missing pin was hinged between twin lugs, positioned at the rear apex. Above the hinge is an arc, probably representing the remains of the perforation on the truncated chain loop. The fragmentary catch-plate, missing the catch is positioned on the rear of a solid knop, also truncated. No other lugs are now evident on the damaged periphery of the brooch (with a maximum surviving width of 19.6mm). There is a circular grooved channel preserved at the base and apex, which defines the beginning of the central boss (17mm diameter). The boss was decorated with twelve triangular cells, most containing traces of, alternating red and blue enamel. At the apex of the boss is a small indentation (1mm diameter). The rear of the brooch is hollowed (with a depth of 3.8mm). The brooch has a dark green surface patina, preserved on the rear and pale green corrosion.

NMGW-15BF02: PURSE
Late medieval to post medieval copper alloy purse bar probably of 16th century date The purse is represented by the loop and the bar (with a weight of 35.7g) and is of Ward Perkins (1940, p 168)[1] Type B but of uncertain sub type. The loop has a flat and comparatively wide top now heavily corroded (with an overall length of 55.4mm, surviving width at the top of 18.2mm and a depth of 13.8mm), converging towards its rectangular-sectioned base. The shank has been peened over a domed washer (5.6mm - 18.0mm diameter) at the base, to secure it within the central block. The central block is rectangular (31.2mm long, 16.6mm high and 18.2mm thick) with two V-shaped notches enhancing the basal edge. Both faces have a linear grooved border on all sides except the base. The bar is comparatively short (at 48.5mm) with domed terminals (6 - 8mm diameter). No part of the frame survives. The surface has a pale, brown-green corrosion. The purse bar corresponds with Ward Perkins Type B, although does not closely correspond with a sub-type but is likely to date to the 16th century. [1] Ward Perkins, J.B., 1940, London Museum Medieval Catalogue

NMGW-16767F: MOUNT
Copper alloy anthropomorphic mount of uncertain date, possibly Roman The oval domed mount depicts a human head and appears to be near-complete but is now heavily corroded (with a length of 22.3mm, a width of 17.3mm, an overall depth of 13.2mm and a weight of 7.3g). The corrosion has removed much of the facial features although what remains is finely and carefully worked. The hair remains clear, defined by curvilinear grooved lines above and to the side of the brow. At the base of the brow a delicate groove appears to depict the eye brow and is above oval depressions with a raised ring in the eye. The nose survives as a corroded raised ridge above the poorly preserved mouth. The right ear has a deliberate semi-circular arc (of 3.4mm diameter), likely to have accommodated a component part but it is unclear whether a similar aperture was present on the opposite side. The mount was attached using an integral circular stud (of 3.5mm diameter), now truncated. The rear of the mount is hollowed (6.6mm deep). The surface has a dark-green patina partially preserved with areas of bright green corrosion and red-brown surface loss. The degree of corrosion makes the identification speculative, however the general styling and form are consistent with Roman period mounts from vessels or furniture and can be broadly paralleled with examples recorded by PAS[1]. [1] NMGW-F3DB7F, WAW-2EFFB6, WMID-26ACD7,

NMGW-3D87F8: BUTTON AND LOOP FASTENER
Late Iron Age to Roman copper alloy button-and-looped fastener of 1st century BC to mid-2nd century AD date The cast fattener is of trilobed or trefoil form and is incomplete, missing the loop on the rear (with a length of 15.2mm, a width of 18.6mm and a weight of 6.3g). The trilobed fastener comprises three sub-hemispherical knops (of 7.4mm – 8.0mm diameter and 8.0mm – 8.2mm thick). The surface is heavily-corroded but there is the possible suggestion of mouldings near the junction of the lobes. The rear is flat but the stubs of the loop are evident on the rear of two of the lobes. The remnant stubs appear to have been of rectangular section (giving a maximum surviving depth of 9.5mm). The corroded surface has a dark-brown patina with areas of pale-green surface loss. The fastener does not correspond closely with Wild’s (1970)[1] typology of button-and-loop fasteners. A small number of trilobed fasteners have been recorded with PAS[2], with a suggested West Midlands distribution. If correct, this example may suggest a south-westerly outlier to the group. [1] Wild, J.P.; 1970; Button-and-Loop Fasteners in the Roman Provinces; Britannia Volume I; pp 137-146 [2] WMID-D2AFD6, WMID-BF8D50, HESH-4C6224 and WMID-5CC482

NMGW-3DBB91: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of T-shaped type and of 1st or 2nd century AD date The brooch is incomplete, missing the leg and pin (with a surviving length of 30.1mm, a surviving depth of 9.3mm and a weight of 12.6g). The missing pin was hinged within tubular wings (with a width of 45.0mm and a diameter of 4.2mm – 6.0mm). Corrosion around the slot for the pin suggests that the pin was made of iron and iron is also evident at the ends of the wings, suggesting an iron axis bar. The fronts of the wings are decorated with vertical grooves and ribbing, now worn. The bow is of shallow U-shaped section, with straight sides converging towards the break (with a width and thickness at the head and break of 17.4mm, 2.4mm, 9.3mm and 2.4mm respectively). The sides have a stepped border to mouldings on the face. There is a decorative central groove running down the bow. The rear of the bow is hollowed and there is no evidence for the beginnings of the catch-plate above the break. The surface is worn and corroded with a mid-green patina. The brooch broadly confirms to Hull’s Type 104 with a known distribution centred around the Lower Severn.

NMGW-3E43C7: STRAP FITTING
Post medieval copper alloy belt or strap mount, of 16th or 17th century date The cast mount is near-complete and is of quatrefoil form, comprising a cross with open circles between the arms (with a length and width of 24.2mm – 24.5mm, a thickness of 2.2mm and a weight of 4.6g). The terminals of the cross arms are expanded with a central knop. The centre of the mount is decorated with an incised, concave-sided lozenge. The grooves cross and extend onto the terminals. The rear of the mount has two integral attachment pins, now truncated (giving a maximum surviving depth of 5.4mm). The surface has a dark-green patina with areas of surface loss.

NMGW-3F71FD: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of Trumpet type and of 1st or 2nd century AD date The brooch is incomplete, missing the foot and pin (with a surviving length of 45.8mm, a surviving depth of 21.8mm and a weight of 17.1g) and is heavily-corroded The missing pin and spring was secured around a central perforated lug on the rear of the head. The top of the lug has a slight protrusion, possibly to hold a swivelling chain loop but now truncated. The trumpet head is oval (16.2mm long and 14.2mm wide) and no decoration is now evident. There is the suggestion of a mid-ridge on the upper bow. The sides of the upper bow are concave, expanding to the button. The button (with a diameter of 11.7mm) appears to have been of acanthus form and continues on the rear of the bow. The leg appears to have been of sub-triangular section with straight sides converging towards the missing foot. A slight rib on the rear of the leg represents the remnants of the catch-plate. The original surface has mostly been lost with remnants of a dark green patina and elsewhere is stripped to a dark-brown surface.

NMGW-3FCAB8: HOOKED TAG
Post medieval copper alloy hooked tag of 16th – 17th century date The cast hooked tag is complete (with a length of 42.1mm and a weight of 5.4g) but the hook is somewhat distorted (with a depth of 6.5mm). The attachment end has a trapezoidal loop (with internal dimensions of 9.5mm x 5.1mm) before the decorative circular panel (21.0mm diameter and 2.6mm thick). The panel has openwork decoration within a ribbed border. At the centre of the panel is a male figure in side profile, facing right. The figure is wearing a hat, high at the back of his head and is depicted with a probable beard but possibly a ruff. The rearward hook is of D-shaped section (3.4mm wide and 1.5mm thick). The rear of the hooked tag is flat. The surface has a mid to dark-green patina.

NMGW-3FDBDB: BOOK FITTING
Post medieval copper alloy book-mount, probably of late 16th or 17th century date The mount is near-complete missing approximately half of the back plate and is comparatively long (with a length of 92.3mm and a weight of12.9g). The mount is made from sheets of copper alloy (1.7mm (front) and 1mm (rear) thick) riveted to a back plate, now fragmentary (giving a maximum depth of 2.5mm). The expanded terminal on the front plate (with a width of 29.0mm) has an undulating edge, decorated with deep striations. The sides of the mount are straight and are near-parallel, slightly convergent (7 - 8mm). Near the attachment end is an arrangement of five perforations, three of which contain copper alloy attachment rivets. The central area has a punched indentation within concentric double circles. Linear striations also decorated the mount but are now corroded. The mount expands at the catch. The catch is now straightened. The surface is corroded with some of the dark-green patina surviving but elsewhere has been stripped to a red-brown surface.

Iron Age copper alloy bow brooch of Colchester-one-piece type and of 1st century AD date The brooch is incomplete, missing the catch-plate and spring and has a distorted bow (with a distorted length of 49.6mm, a distorted depth of 16.5mm, and a weight of 2.5g). The integral spring is represented by a fragment at the base of the head only (4.0mm long and 0.5mm diameter) below the integral rearward facing hook to tension the missing chord. The spring was positioned behind short sub-rectangular wings (with a width of 9.1mm). The upper bow is of rounded, sub-rectangular section with straight sides gradually converging to the pointed foot (with a maximum width and thickness of 3.6mm and 2.7mm respectively). The bow becomes oval-sectioned at the mid bow and leg. There is now no discernible decoration surviving on the bow. The catch-plate survives as a slight rib on the rear of the leg. The original surface has been lost with a pale-green to brown surface corrosion.

Roman copper alloy bow brooch of Colchester-two-piece type and of 1st century AD date The brooch is incomplete, missing the leg and pin (with a surviving length of 30.8mm, a surviving depth of 14.0mm and a weight of 12.8g). The incomplete spring remains in place, secured by the chord through a double perforated lug at the centre of the rear of the head. The remnant of the chord survives in the lower perforation of the lug and appears to have been of iron. The wings (with a width of 29.6mm and a length of 6.5mm) are concave on the rear to accommodate the spring. The fronts of the wings are decorated with grooves, defining ribs, two of which (each side) are enhanced with notches. The lug at the rear ends on the head, above the bow. The bow is of D-shaped section with straight sides converging to the break. The underside of the bow at the head defines a V-shaped moulding, where it meets the base of the wings. The rear of the bow is slightly hollowed and less finished. No decoration is discernible on the front of the bow and the catch-plate is not present on the rear of the bow. The surface has a dark-green patina.

NMGW-40AA6B: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of T-shaped type and of 1st or 2nd century AD date The brooch is incomplete, missing the leg and pin (with a surviving length of 25.2mm, a surviving depth of 9.3mm and a weight of 10.8g). The missing pin was hinged within oval-sectioned, tubular wings, now slightly distorted (with a width of 36.7mm and a diameter of 4.8mm x 5.8mm). The copper alloy axis bar remains in place. The ends of the wings were enhanced with double grooves. The bow is expanded at the head (with a width of 15.7mm and a thickness of 4mm). The edges are enhanced with ribs, flanked by grooves and a V-shaped moulding, with an internal ridge decorates the upper bow. The sides are stepped to the mid bow, with straight sides converging to the break (4.0mm wide and 2.1mm thick). The rear of the bow is flat and is without the beginnings of the catch-plate. The surface has a well-preserved silvered or tinned surface overlying a pale-green patina. The brooch broadly conforms to Hull’s Type 104 of T-shaped type, with a distribution concentrated around the Lower Severn.

NMGW-40B5F5: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of T-shaped type and of 1st or 2nd century AD date The brooch is incomplete, missing the leg and pin (with a surviving length of 22.5mm, a surviving depth of 8.4mm and a weight of 3.6g). The missing pin was hinged within sub-circular sectioned, tubular wings (with a width of 23.0mm and a diameter of 4.0mm - 4.7mm). The axis bar is missing and corrosion suggests it was made of iron. The ends of the wings were enhanced with three grooves. Pairs of diagonal grooves, define a central rib to decorate the centre of the head and mark the area where the bow emerges. The bow is of rounded D-shaped section (with a width of 6mm and a thickness of 3.4mm at the head) with straight sides converging towards the break. The bow has a decorative raised midrib, enhanced with notches, which weakens along the bow, possibly through wear and corrosion. The bow is oval sectioned at the break (3.2mm x 2.7mm), with no evidence for the beginnings of the catch-plate on the rear. The surface has a mid to dark-green patina with areas of bright-green corrosion.

NMGW-40D70B: PLATE BROOCH
Roman copper alloy lozenge plate brooch of 2nd century AD date The brooch is incomplete, missing the pin and leg (with a surviving length of 29.9mm, a surviving depth of 4.1mm and a weight of 2.1g). The missing pin was hinged between twin lugs now truncated. The hinge is on the rear of a trefoil head-plate, now eroded (7.2mm wide and 6.8mm long). No applied decoration is evident of the plate. The end of the plate is defined by a transverse rib, before a raised step to the lozenge plate (20mm long 19.2mm wide and 1.6mm thick). The plate has a raised border and raised central ring. Remnant traces of red and white enamel is observable in the cell between the edge and central ring. Markings at the base of the cell suggests an outer ring, perhaps with radiating lines to the corners. No enamel is evident in the central ring. The leg appears to have been defined by a transverse rib and step to the leg but is now broken. The surface has a dark-brown patina. The brooch can be broadly paralleled with an example recorded by Hattatt (1989, no. 1581, p. 133)[1] found in Kent but does not have the suggested ring of enamel in the lozenge field. [1] Hattatt, R., 1989; Ancient Brooches and Other Artefacts

NMGW-40DECB: PLATE BROOCH
Roman copper alloy lozenge plate brooch of 2nd century AD date The brooch is incomplete, missing the pin (with a length of 34.7mm, a width of 32.4mm and a weight of 6.8g). The missing pin was hinged between twin lugs (giving an overall depth of 12.0mm) and secured with a ferrous axis bar, which remains in place. At the base is the remains of the catch-plate, which has lost the catch. The rear has a recessed circular panel. The face has a two-stepped border to the lozenge cell (23mm square). The border is damaged but no side lugs are discernible. The lozenge cell contains blue and white enamel arranged in linear strips radiating from a central lozenge panel. There is the suggestion of surviving red enamel, possibly filling the fields between the blue and white strips. At the centre is a separate raised boss with an expanded terminal (5.0mm high and 5.2mm diameter at the apex), riveted at the rear. The terminal of the boss pin has a recessed circular cell containing white enamel. The surface has a pale to mid-green patina.

NMGW-40F32B: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy disc brooch of 2nd century AD date The brooch is fragmentary, with approximately half represented (with a diameter of 34.5mm, a depth of 10.2mm and a weight of 5.4g). The brooch had a spring mechanism secured around a single lug and with an iron axis bar or spring suggested by the iron corrosion. The opposite end has catch-plate surviving. The brooch face had an outer ring (8.7mm wide), with a raised border and decorative concentric rib, positioned off-centre. There is no surviving evidence for enamel within either concentric ring. A deeper rib (3.5mm deep) defines the inner or central area (of 7.1mm diameter), which is likely to have held a glass setting or enamel but is now lost. The surface has a bright-green corrosion.

NMGW-4103A5: UNIDENTIFIED OBJECT
Copper alloy terminal fitting, from an uncertain object probably of Roman date The terminal is of spherical form with a basal moulding and has a short fragment from the integral connecting rod at the base (with an overall length of 13.6mm and a weight of 3.5g). The sphere (with a maximum diameter of 9.6mm) has no applied decoration but a slight casting flaw is evident. The waist (with a minimum diameter of 6.2mm) is grooved before the rounded basal lobe. The integral pin is circular-sectioned (2.2mm diameter and with a 1.6mm surviving length). The surface is worn with a mid-green patina. The terminal has few diagnostic features, making any identification uncertain. Similar spherical terminals have been found on 3rd and 4th century Crossbow brooches. The terminal could also be from a fixing for furniture or similar.

Roman copper alloy finger-ring of c. mid-1st to 3rd century AD date The finger ring is incomplete, with a fragmentary and distorted hoop (with a height of 13.5mm and a weight of 2.5g) and was of oval form. The hoop is of D-shaped section and was narrowest at the base (with a width and thickness of 1.8mm and 1.5mm respectively). The hoop gradually widens to the shoulders which have no surviving applied decoration. The oval bezel is now eroded on one side (11.5mm wide and 2.0mm deep) and is comparatively less finished on the rear. The decoration on the bezel comprises three circular cells, which would have contained enamel decoration. The single cell at near the shoulder is larger (4.0mm diameter) but now has no surviving enamel. The two more central circular cells are smaller (at 3.4mm) and have also lost their enamel. There is the suggestion of curvilinear incised lines on the bezel but now too worn and corroded to discern the design. The surface of the bezel is gently convex. The surface is worn and corroded with a mid-green patina. The finger-ring is likely to be allied to Henig’s (1978)[1] type II form, dated from the mid first to early second century AD; the style and form are consistent with Roman period rings but the decorative motifs are somewhat unusual and can be paralleled on example recorded from Tiddenham, Gloucestershire[2] with four circular cells containing red and blue enamel and with incised hatching around the cells. A further example with two circular cells was recorded with PAS was recovered from Bishops Cannings, Wiltshire[3]. [1] Henig, M., 1978 (2nd ed.); A Corpus of Roman Engraved Gemstones from British Series; BAR British Series 8 [2] NMWPA 2012.104.2 [3] LON-880556

NMGW-4125B7: STRAP FITTING
Late Roman copper alloy belt fitting, probably a strap-end of 4th or 5th century date The cast fitting is complete (with a length of 21.9mm, a width of 40.2mm and a weight of 3.5g) and has openwork decoration. One end has a linear bar (3.4mm wide, 3.7mm long and 1.5mm thick) from the centre of which springs two opposing C-scrolls, with internal knop and defining two sub-circular or kidney-shaped apertures. At the apex is a flaring central feature with an incised central line. No applied decoration is evident elsewhere on the fitting. The fitting was attached using an integral square-sectioned pin on the rear (2.0mm square and giving a maximum depth of 4.9mm). The rear is flat and less finished. The surface has a pale to mid-green patina. The fitting could be seen as a variant of Late Roman strap-ends of Amphora type but is more squat and with an unusual straight bar at the base.

Medieval copper alloy buckle of oval type with roller and sheet plate of 14th century date The buckle is incomplete, missing the pin and attachment end of the plate (with an overall length of 37.1mm and a weight of 5.8g). The oval buckle frame has a sheet roller on the outside edge (of 5.8mm diameter) and appears to have had an incised line along the centre, corresponding with the position of the missing pin. There are knops on the ends of the outside edge. The rectangular-sectioned sides (1.0mm wide and 3.5mm thick) are convex (giving a maximum width of 21.4mm). The bar is offset and narrowed. The sheet metal plate is fragmentary (with a surviving length of 20.7mm, a width of 15.7mm and a thickness of 0.6mm). The folded sheet plate is recessed to accommodate the frame and has a slot for the pin. There are two rivet attachment holes (3.1mm and 3.5mm) positioned behind the bar the plate has broken through another central rivet hole. No decoration is now discernible on the plate. The surface is corroded with a dark green-brown corrosion.

Medieval copper alloy buckle frame of oval type with ornate outside edge of 13th or 14th century date The oval buckle frame is missing the pin and is flat-sectioned (with a length of 17.2mm, a width of 18.0mm, a thickness of 16.mm – 2.2mm and a weight of 1.8g). The outside edge is expanded (to 6.0mm wide) and is decorated with six liner grooves. The sides are convex and the bar is offset and narrowed. The rear of the frame is flat and undecorated. The surface has a dark-brown patina. The buckle can be closely paralleled with an example excavated in London (Egan & Pritchard, 1991, no. 294, p 73)[1] from a late 13th to mid-14th century context. [1] Egan G. & Pritchard F. 1991; Medieval Finds from Excavations in London: 3; Dress Accessories; Museum Of London

NMGW-564AA1: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy brooch of uncertain type and probably of 1st to 3rd century AD date. The brooch is fragmentary, represented by the bow and leg (with a surviving length of 39.7mm, a surviving depth of 20mm and a weight of 6.6g). The arched bow is of D-shaped section with straight and near-parallel sides (7.6mm wide and 4.0mm – 4.7mm thick). The bow is faceted on the sides before a decorative moulding at its base and appears to be mirrored at the break, on the top of the bow. No other applied decoration is evident on the bow. Below the bow is a square plate (12.3mm wide and 1.4mm thick) with the remains of the catch-plate on the rear. No decoration is evident on the front of the plate. The foot is circular sectioned (10.3mm long and 5.9mm diameter) and narrows at its terminal (to 3.6mm diameter). The surface is worn with a dark-green patina. The fragmentary state of the brooch makes typological identification difficult but it may be allied to later Roman or possibly early medieval types.

NMGW-565F03: STIRRUP
Early medieval, Late Anglo Saxon copper alloy stirrup strap mount of 11th century date The stirrup strap mount is of Williams’ (1997)[1] Type A, Class 5 mounts and is near-complete, missing the loop at the apex (with a surviving length of 47.7mm and a weight of 19.7g) and is heavily worn. The mount was attached using a single iron rivet and the remains of the iron fitting survive on the rear. The flange (with a depth of 9.0mm) is near-perpendicular to the mount and is as wide as the mount. The damaged loop appears to have been within the jaws of a beast at the terminal, with moulded ears discernible at the rear of the head. Behind the head are two tendrils flanking the body of the mount and project outwards at their terminals. The body of the mount is of pentagonal form (29mm long, 25.8mm wide and 3.4mm thick) with a raised border. The interior has a beast is in cast relief with its four limbs splayed to towards the edges. The head is facing upwards with its mouth open. The surface is worn and corroded with remnants of a pale-green patina surviving over the dark-brown corrosion. The Stirrup strap mount can be closely paralleled with a mount found in Bromeswell, Suffolk and recorded by Williams (ibid, no. 91, p 42); the Bromeswell mount has ales wide flange and two ring-and-dot motifs on the rear, not evident on this example. [1] Williams, D.; 1997; Late Saxon Stirrup-Strap Mounts; A Classification and Catalogue; CBA Research Report 111

NMGW-56BDCF: BUCKLE
Medieval copper alloy buckle plate, probably of mid 14th or 15th century date The buckle is missing the frame and comprises the near-complete folded sheet plate only (with a length of 27.2mm, a width of 18.8mm and a weight of 3.3g). The folded plate (0.2mm thick and with a depth of 2.8mm at the folded end) has two circular holes to accommodate the missing pin (3.7mm diameter). The front plate is sub-rectangular and larger that the rear plate. The front plate is decorated with a punched border of conjoining D-shaped marks, inside of intermittent triangular marks. There appears to have been a zigzagging line at the damaged attachment end. The plate was secured by two separate rivets inside the border at the attachment end. One of the copper alloy rivets (1.0mm diameter and 4.3mm long) remains in place. The smaller rear plate is trapezoidal (4.0mm long and 11mm – 14.9mm wide) and in undecorated. The surface has a dark-green patina.

NMGW-672EFB: BROOCH
Iron Age copper alloy La Tène III bow brooch of Nauheim-derivative type and of 1st century BC to 1st century AD date The one-piece brooch is incomplete, missing half of the spring and foot and is distorted (with a surviving, distorted length of 47.7mm, a distorted depth of 17.3mm and a weight of 2.9g). ). The spring is of circular-sectioned wire (of 2mm diameter) and coils twice, one side of the head, before the break on the internal chord (with a surviving width of 7.9mm). There is a fragmentary ferrous rod or axis bar surviving within the spring (of 3 – 4mm diameter), indicating a ‘mock spring’. The arched form of the bow has been lost and now projects forward on the mid bow. The bow is slender and rectangular sectioned (with a width beneath the head of 4.7mm and a thickness of 1.5mm). The sides are straight and gradually convergent to the break above the foot where the bow is pointed (0.2mm thick). The front of the bow is decorated with a central groove, enhanced with punched V-marks, now worn and corroded. The rear of the bow is flat and is not decorated. The catch-plate has lost the catch (with a depth of 7.5mm). The base of the catch-plate has an old break. The surface has a dark-green patina with some surface loss.

NMGW-67A7B4: BRACELET
Late Iron Age or Roman copper alloy probable bracelet fragment of Beaded type and probably of 1st century AD date The bracelet is fragmentary, represented by less than half of the original (with a surviving length of 43.9mm and a weight of 19.7g), comprising four ‘beads’. The curve of the object is comparatively tight (with an original internal diameter of approximately 30mm, and 50mm external), suggesting its use as the side part of bracelet. The beads are globular (10-11mm wide, 9-10mm thick and 12mm long) and are circular sectioned, rather than D-shaped or flat at the rear. The surface is heavily corroded and any applied decoration does not now survive. The bracelet narrows between the beads (with a minimum diameter of 6.7mm) with now mouldings between the beads. There is no evidence for a terminal at either of the ends. The corroded surface has a mid-green patina but is mostly heavily-pitted and with patches of bright-green active corrosion. The fragmentary state and heavy surface corrosion makes the identification uncertain. The curvature is even and consistent, suggesting its use as a bracelet but the small diameter may suggest that the bracelet was longer than it was deep.

NMGW-67CA01: DAGGER
Medieval copper alloy dagger guard or quillon, probably of 13th to 15th century date The cast dagger guard is complete and is of oval form (with a length of 61.0mm, a width of 18.1mm, a depth of 12.6mm and a weight of 34.5g) but is without all other fittings. The top edge is very slightly convex and at the centre is a sub-rectangular aperture (13.9mm long and 8.5mm wide) to accommodate the tang of the dagger. The underside is hollowed (52.0mm long and 12.3mm wide) and has minimal finishing from the casting. No applied decoration is evident on the surface of the guard. The original surface has largely been lost. With remnants of a dark-green patina and elsewhere, is stripped to red-brown metal.

NMGW-688F43: TANKARD
Copper alloy tankard handle, probably of Roman period date, c. 1st or 2nd century AD The cast handle is fragmentary, represented by a little less than half of the original length (with a surviving length of 50.0mm, a surviving height of 32.8mm and a weight of 28.6g). The handle terminal or attachment plate is of trapezoidal form, longest at its attachment end (at 29.7mm, 23mm wide adjacent to the handle, 16mm long and 3.6mm thick at the side contrasting with a thickness of 4.4mm at the centre). The plate has two circular perforations (3.0mm diameter) for attachment to the tankard. The attachment plate has a curve to incorporate the curvature of the tankard and suggests a body diameter for the tankard of approximately 180mm. No applied decoration is evident on the attachment plate. The sides of the handle are concave and divergent, widening to the break (where the handle has a width of 22.9mm). At the break, the handle has a narrow midrib (5mm wide and 1.1mm high), which widens in a concave arc and is as wide as the handle at the base. No other decoration is discernible on the handle. The handle is of rectangular section (2.4mm thick). The handle is hollowed on rear of the midrib. The corroded surface is pitted with a brown-green patina. The comparatively plain form of the handle is likely to suggest a Romano-British date, probably of mid-1st or 2nd century AD date. The handle can be broadly paralleled in style with an example in sheet copper alloy excavated from Corbridge, Northumberland from an early to mid-2nd century context.

NMGW-686DC2: CHARIOT FITTING
Probable Late Iron Age copper alloy terret fragment, probably of Palk’s (1992)[1] ‘terrets with decorated projections’ type and of mid-1st or 2nd century AD date The terret is fragmentary represented by a part of the hoop with two surviving integral transverse projections of disc type (with a surviving length of 53.4mm, a maximum surviving height of 16.0mm and a weight of 16.0g). The hoop is circular sectioned and is of near-consistent diameter for the length represented (of 5.0mm – 6.0mm). The two transverse disc projections are of D-shaped form (12.4mm & 12.5mm wide, 4.8mm & 5.5mm thick and 10.5mm & 11.2mm deep) and do not continue onto the interior of the hoop. The top of the discs have a stepped border to the apex, which is enhanced with transverse notches. No other decoration is evident on the fragment. The hoop is slightly distorted, making it difficult to approximate the original diameter but much of the surviving ring suggests a diameter of 60mm - 80mm. The surface has a pale-green to brown-green patina. There is no clear evidence for wear facets on the interior of the hoop. The fragmentary state of the probable terret makes typological identification difficult, Paulk (ibid) proposed a typological scheme which includes a group of ‘terrets with decorated projections’, which this example would comfortably fit. More recently, Lewis (2015)[2] has proposed a typology with groups arranged under ‘terrets with triple projections’, which is probable for this example but not certain. Lewis (ibid.) suggests a date from the mid-1st or 2nd century AD date for terrets with triple projections. [1] Palk, N.; 1992; Metal Horse Harness of the British and Irish Iron Ages. Unpublished PhD thesis, University of Oxford [2] Lewis, A.; 2015; Iron Age and Roman-Era Vehicle Terrets from Western and Central Britain: An Interpretive Study; Unpublished PhD thesis, University of Leicester

NMGW-689F2D: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of uncertain type, probably of Trumpet or allied type and of 1st or 2nd century AD date The brooch is fragmentary, represented by the leg and foot only (with a surviving length of 29.9mm, a surviving depth of 20.7mm and a weight of 6.3g). At the break, the leg is of fluted-rectangular section (3.0mm wide and 4.5mm thick) with straight sides converging towards the foot. Prominent grooves are evident running along both sides and a weaker groove along the front. The frontal groove is enhanced with punched marks, forming chevrons. The foot is of grooved-disc form (7.8mm wide, 4.8mm deep and 3.5mm thick). The catch-plate survives on the rear of the leg and the rear of the catch is decorated with incised transverse grooves, joined by diagonal grooves. The surface is corroded with a dark green patina. The fragmentary condition of the brooch makes typological identification difficult. The general form and the disc foot is consistent with some brooches of Trumpet and allied types.

NMGW-68BFB7: VESSEL
Iron Age copper alloy zoomorphic vessel mount or cup handle of 1st or 2nd century AD date The mount depicts a bird, probably a goose and is incomplete, broken at one end (with a surviving length of 28.5mm, a surviving depth of 23.0mm and a weight of 17.5g). The terminal of the mount is in the form of a bird’s head, with a protruding pointed beak of subtriangular section (3.6mm long). The start of the beak was defined by grooves, now corroded. The head of the goose is globular (with a maximum diameter of 11.5mm) and the eyes are inset with bright blue glass spherical beads (of 1.2mm diameter). There appears to have been a groove, which arcs from the top of the beak, over the eye and to the back of the head. There is a moulded collar at the base of the head, which joined the arcing groove on the underside of the head. Any other decorative detail on the head have been lost to corrosion. The neck is arched and is of oval section (with a width of 7.2mm and a thickness of 6.0mm – 6.9mm), before having a perpendicular turn to a section of faceted lozenge section. The width of the section is consistent (at 10.5mm wide) but the inside and outside edges are concave (giving a thickness of 8.0mm – 10.6mm). Both ends of the section were enhanced with a grooved concave-sided triangular border and forming a lozenge either side of the central ridge. The mount has an old break across another near-perpendicular turn. The surface has remnants of a dark-brown patina and elsewhere has a pale-green corrosion. The zoomorphic terminal with a bird, probably goose head is difficult to closely parallel. The curving handle form can be paralleled on round bottomed handled cups, such as the examples from Keshcarrigan, County Leitrim and Colchester, Essex (Jope 2000, p. 131-2, plates 194-5)[1]. The Keshcarrigan cup has a stylised shelduck handle. The form of the Llan-Maes handle may suggest that the goose was intended to peer over the rim of the cup. The faceted concave section may have been intended as a grip. Depictions of water birds, often mounts in the form of ducks are known of from The Iron Age but depictions of geese are more difficult to parallel. [1] Jope, E. M., 2000; Early Celtic Art in the British Isles; Text

NMGW-693F7F: MOUNT
Iron Age copper alloy decorative terminal, probably of 1st century BC to 1st century AD date The cast terminal is of near-circular, globular form and is incomplete, missing the integral shaft (with a surviving length of 16.4mm and a weight of 24.7g). At the apex is a circular recessed cell (3.6mm diameter and 1.2mm deep), which retains remnants of red enamel of red ‘sealing-wax’ type. Around the cell is a prominent raised ring border (2.1mm wide and giving an external diameter of 8.8mm). The top of the ring is corroded but appears to have been enhanced with a groove near its inner edge. The mid-section of the terminal is sub-circular and is decorated with a band (giving a maximum diameter of 21.7mm, minimum diameter of 20.0mm and with a length of 2.6mm). The upper edge of the band is enhanced with punched dot decoration. Two raised droplet mouldings rise and arc from the border and flank the central ring moulding. The two droplet mouldings also define a recessed S-scroll, which does not appear to have been intended to hold enamel. The droplets have a grooved border. Beneath the band at the mid-section, the terminal narrows to a rounded oval on the underside (14.7mm x 12.3mm and 2.9mm high), at the centre of which is the remnants of the circular-sectioned integral shaft (5.6mm diameter and with a surviving height of 1.5mm). The surface now has a deeps sheen from a recently applied vanish but appears to have had a dark-green patination with areas of bright-green corrosion. The terminal is likely to be a decorative fitting but it is now not possible to be certain of the artefact type or class that it is derived from. Its size and weight would suggest that it is too substantial for a pin head. Decorative hemispherical studs of similar dimensions are occasionally associated with Iron Age swords and scabbards, such as the examples from Wetwang Slack and Kirburn in the East Riding of Yorkshire (Stead, 2006, nos. 172-3)[1], although there are many other object classes that the stud may have decorated. [1] Stead, I.M.; 2006; British Iron Age Swords and Scabbards

NMGW-6A0162: STRAP END
Copper alloy strap-end probably of Late Roman date and of ‘narrow-amphora’ type and of 4th – 5th century date The strap-end is near-complete, with a damaged attachment end but is worn and corroded (with a length of 59.0mm and a weight of 3.8g). The strap-end was attached using two separate rivets, positioned near the corners of the forked attachment end (7.6mm wide, 3.1mm deep, with 1.3mm diameter rivet holes of sub-square form). The forked end has a V-shaped opening (11 - 13mm long). The sides of the strap-end converge with straight sides below the attachment-end (to a give a minimum width of 3.3mm where the strap-end is 3.2mm thick) before expanding again (to 6.9mm) and then gradually narrowing to the pointed tip. There are no ‘handles’ present, stylised or otherwise and the tip does not bifurcate to form a nail-cleaner. No decoration now survives on the corroded and worn surface, which has remnants of green patina but has mostly corroded brown. The strap-end is not of standard form but appears more similar to a slender example of late Roman Amphora strap-ends, rather than Early Medieval, Anglo-Saxon forms. The form can well paralleled with an example recovered from Willoughby, Nottinghamshire and recorded with PAS[1]. The Willoughby strap-end also has a Late Roman suggested date. [1] LEIC-C80F02

NMGW-6A1DDC: UNIDENTIFIED OBJECT
Copper alloy annular fitting or possibly bead of uncertain date The cast fitting is complete and of annular form (with a diameter of 12.7mm and a weight of 4.4g) with a rectangular section (5.4mm thick). The perforation is positioned off-centre and is circular (with a diameter of 5.3mm). Both faces are decorated with nine punched ring-and-dot devices but with the encircling rings now largely worn. The edge is also decorated with ring-and-dots and has suffered even more wear. The positioning of the ring-and-dot decoration is somewhat irregular. The surface is pitted with a green-grey colour, possibly indicating a highly-leaded bronze. The decoration on both faces may suggest that the item is not a bead, since much of the decoration would be less likely to be seen when strung with other beads. It is possible that the item is a decorative element within a composite object of uncertain type but possible of Roman or Early Medieval date.

NMGW-6A4AAD: STRAP END
Early Medieval (Late Saxon) copper alloy strap-end, possibly of Thomas’ (2003)[1] Class A, Type 5 and dated to the 9th century The cast strap-end is near-complete, missing the attachment end (with a length of 54.6mm and a weight of 5.4g) but is heavily-worn. The attachment end (with a width at the break of 10.0mm and a thickness of 1.9mm) has broken below the rivet holes but before the end of the split (with a surviving depth of 5mm). The sides are convex and reach its widest point near the upper third of its length (with a width of 13.8mm, a thickness of 1.5mm and 37mm above the tip). The upper face is convex across its length and is decorated with a panel containing four-rectangular cells around a central circular cell. Each of the cells were surrounded with a raised border, now worn and the central circular cell had two raised concentric rings around the cell. The cells may have held enamel and there is the suggestion of a blue-black remnant deposit in the circular cell. The rectangular cells contain a yellow-grey lining deposit. There appears to have been opposing C-arcs above and below the panel, also now eroded. The terminal tip has the remnants of the worn beast’s head, now barely discernible. There was a groove along the centre of the brow with three curving arcs each side, which would have represented both the ears and eyes of the beast. All detail from the terminal is now lost. The rear of the strap-end is undecorated. The corroded surface has a dark-green to brown patina. [1] Thomas, G.; 2003, Late Anglo-Saxon and Viking Age strap-ends 750-1100: Part 1; The finds Research Group AD700-1700, Datasheet 32

NMGW-A5E7E7: BADGE
Lead - tin alloy boss possibly a medieval badge of 14th to 16th century date The boss appears to be complete (with a weight of 10.3g) and comprises a basal circular flange (4.1mm diameter) with a raised border and around a hemispherical centre (17.6mm diameter and 7.9mm deep). The central boss has cast decoration comprising a six-pointed star or flower, with a pellet in each of the lobes, near the top. Any moulding at the apex has been lost. The boss is solid and the rear is semi-finished with a depression around the centre. There is a clear casting seam running along the rear and a slightly raised, circular-sectioned stud may hint at the remnants of an attachment spike. The surface has corroded dark-grey. It is possible that the boss is a secular badge or pilgrim souvenir of uncertain attribution. Similar designs have been found on lead-tin alloy disc brooches with integral pins, excavated in London (Egan & Pritchard 1991, no. 1354-5, p 262)[1] but of flat rather than domed form. Egan & Pritchard (ibid.) not that the designs are similar to devotional badges with legends referring to Thomas Becket or the Three Kings. [1] Egan G. & Pritchard F. 1991; Medieval Finds from Excavations in London: 3; Dress Accessories; Museum Of London

NMGW-A67BAD: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of Trumpet type and of 1st or 2nd century AD date The brooch is incomplete, missing the pin and catch-plate and is heavily-corroded (with a length of 59.3mm, a depth of 24.6mm and a weight of 16.4g). The brooch employed a spring mechanism, now lost, secured around a single pierced lug on the rear of the head, with the chord beneath. The Trumpet head is oval (12.4mm wide and 14.6mm long) with no suggestion of an integral chain-loop. The upper bow is also of oval section and narrows slightly (with a minimum width of 4.8mm) before expanding to the button on the mid bow. No decoration survives on the upper bow. The button is heavily-corroded and now comprises a ribbed moulding that continues on the rear of the bow but is likely to have been of acanthus form. The leg is of sub-triangular section, with straight sides converging towards the foot and is comparatively long and slender, with a gently concave profile across its length. No decoration now survives on the leg. The underside of the sub-circular foot is recessed and may have held a setting. The remnants of the catch-plate survives as a rib on the rear of the leg and is central to the leg. The surface does not survive and is now stripped to a red-brown surface with a patchy pale-green corrosion.

NMGW-A78182: UNIDENTIFIED OBJECT
Copper alloy fitting, possibly a medieval damaged coin balance arm perhaps of 13th or 14th century date The fitting is fragmentary, distorted and heavily-corroded (with a length of 62.6mm and a weight of 10.9g). One end has worn and corroded to a point and is of sub-triangular section gradually widens to a moulding on the mid-section of rounded quadrangular section (6.8mm wide and 9.2mm thick). The moulding had a midrib on the sides and a loop or hinge on the base (8mm wide and 3mm internal) but with only the stubs surviving. On the top surface is a rectangular remnant of a further attachment. The fitting thins to the opposite end and widens to the flat-sectioned rectangular terminal (16mm long, wide 11.4mm and 3.6mm thick). No applied decoration is now evident on the fitting. The surface is heavily-corroded, pale grey with some red-brown metal exposed. The fragmentary and corroded state of the fitting makes identification difficult and speculative. It is possible to suggest the possibility of fragmentary and distorted balance or tumbrel.

NMGW-A79324: UNIDENTIFIED OBJECT
Cast copper alloy collar fitting of uncertain date, possibly Iron Age The fitting comprises a comparatively substantial crude casting and appears to be complete but is a composite part, of U-shaped form (with a height of 27.3mm, an external diameter of 34.4mm, an internal diameter of 22.2mm and a weight of 62.5g). Both sides are straight and near parallel (with a width of 32.3mm at one end and 30.0mm at the other). The face has heavy ribbing, with a rib on each side and a midrib (giving a maximum thickness of 7.0mm). The terminals have integral lugs, which are likely to have engaged with a separate component. One terminal has a lug on each side (5.6 and 7.1mm wide and 4.6mm long), the other terminal has a central lug (9.1mm wide and 5.6mm long). The underside is undecorated and has undergone minimal finishing. The surface is heavily-corroded and pitted with a dark-brown patina preserved in the grooves between the ribs and on the underside, elsewhere the surface has a pale-mid green corrosion. It seems likely that the fitting or collar was attached using the integral lugs to an object of uncertain form and therefore making any identification of this component speculative. The form and patina are suggested as being consistent with Iron Age metalwork but the lack of other diagnostic features makes any suggested date tentative.

NMGW-A8099F: COSMETIC PESTLE
Roman copper alloy cosmetic pestle of 1st or 2nd century AD date The cast pestle is incomplete, missing part of the loop (with a surviving length of 58.7mm and a weight of 10.7g) and is of end-looped type. The damaged loop is angled downwards from the shoulder with an approximate forty-five degree angle to axis of the stem (giving the pestle an overall depth of 24mm). The sub-rectangular sectioned loop had a circular perforation (of 9.5mm internal diameter, 27mm external diameter and with a thickness of 2.6mm – 3.5mm). The loop narrows towards the apex of the shoulder (where it has a minimum width of 5.3mm with a thickness of 4.0mm). The pestle stem (43mm long) has a concave curve (10mm deep) and is of oval section, widening and thickening to its mid-point (with a width and thickness of 7.8mm and 4.8mm respectively) before narrowing to the blunt tip. The surface is worn corroded and pitted but there are no obvious wear facets on the basal edge of the pestle. There is no applied decoration evident on the pestle. The surface has a dark-brown patina. The pestle form with upturned shoulder, above the loop is difficult to closely parallel in Jackson’s catalogue or PAS recorded finds. This find represents only the thirteenth known example of a pestle or mortar, that the author is aware of, recorded from Wales and only the second from North Wales. A cosmetic mortar was recorded from Bodfari, Denbighshire[1] and less than 10km south-east of this findspot. Further cosmetic mortars have been recorded further south; five are listed in Jackson’s (1985)[2] catalogue (three from Powys, one from Newport and one from the Vale of Glamorgan). Since Jackson’s catalogue the author is aware of an additional example from Powys[3], an example from Monmouthshire[4] and a further three examples from the Vale of Glamorgan[5]. [1] NMGW-871AC3 [2] Jackson R., 1985, Cosmetic sets from Late Iron Age and Roman Britain; Britannia 16, 165-92 [3] PAS database reference: NMGW-8DE8D5 [4] NMWPA 2010.276.2 [5] PAS database reference: NMGW-DEDA73, NMWPA 2007.200.1 & NMWPA 2010.3.1

NMGW-A81DA6: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of Polden Hill type and of 1st or early 2nd century AD date The brooch is incomplete, missing the leg and pin (with a surviving length of 42.0mm, a surviving depth of 18.8mm and a weight of 25.7g). The spring remains in place, secured between perforated lateral lugs (with a width of 26.7mm and a diameter of 8.7mm), with a copper alloy axis bar and the fragmentary chord tensioned by a hook at the head. The wing terminals are expanded and are angled to the rear. The expanded terminal is enhance with a groove. The sides of the bow have a curved moulding (giving a width of 12.5mm) at the head and continues on the underside of the head. The bow is of D-shaped section, with straight sides converging to the break on the leg. The bow was decorated with a midrib in sunken relief, where the grooves diverge around the hook at the head. The midrib is worn and corroded but appears to have been knurled, or similar. No other decoration is evident on the front of the bow. A prominent rib descends from the underside of the head would have defined the catch-plate on the missing leg. The surface is heavily-worn and corroded with a pale-green patina.

NMGW-A82FAE: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of Polden Hill type and of 1st or 2nd century AD date The brooch is fragmentary, represented by the head and upper bow only (with a surviving length of 23.0mm, a surviving depth of 10.6mm and a weight of 5.4g). The missing spring was secured between perforated lateral lugs, only one of which now survives (with a surviving width of 14.3mm and a diameter of 7.3mm) and the chord appears to have been tensioned by a hook, the stub of which survives on the head. The wing terminals are expanded and were enhanced with a groove. The sides of the bow have a curved moulding (giving a width of 9.3mm) at the head. The bow is of D-shaped section, with straight sides converging to the break. The bow was decorated with a central groove flanked on each side by arcing grooves. No other decoration is evident on the bow. There is no evidence for the beginning of the catch-plate on the rear of the bow. The surface is corroded and pitted with a dark-green patina.

NMGW-A83D4A: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of uncertain type, possibly of Trumpet or allied type and of 1st or 2nd century AD date The brooch is fragmentary, represented by the leg and foot only (with a surviving length of 38.9mm, a surviving depth of 10.5mm and a weight of 8.3g). At the break, the leg is of oval section (7.0mm wide and 4.5mm thick) with straight sides converging towards the foot. The front of the leg was decorated with a central double rib, defined by flanking grooves. The foot is of globular form (7.3mm diameter). The catch-plate is evident on the rear of the leg but has largely lost the catch. The surface is heavily-corroded with a green-brown patina and areas of pale-green surface loss. The fragmentary condition of the brooch makes typological identification difficult. The general form and the knobbed foot is consistent with some brooches of Trumpet and allied types.

NMGW-A8520E: BUCKLE
Medieval copper alloy buckle of annular type, of mid-13th to mid-15th century date. The buckle frame is near-circular (with an external diameter of 35.1mm – 36.6mm, an internal diameter of 30.2mm – 31.6mm and a weight of 5.5g), slightly distorted. The frame is of sub-rectangular section and is differentially worn (with a width of 1.9mm to 2.8mm wide and 1.8mm thick). There is no pin restriction on the frame and no decoration is evident. The pin has a moulding at the base and an open loop around the frame (9.0mm deep, 10.0mm long). The shaft is of sub-rectangular section (2.6mm by 2.9mm below the moulding) and tapering to a point. There is a groove to accommodate the frame at the tip. The surface is corroded with a brown-green patina.

NMGW-A886AC: BUCKLE
Medieval copper alloy buckle frame of annular type, of mid-13th to mid-15th century date. The buckle frame is incomplete, missing the pin and is near-circular (with an external diameter of 47.0mm – 48.5mm, an internal diameter of 30.7mm – 31.6mm and a weight of 7.9g), slightly distorted. The frame is of oval section with some wear (with a width of 3.0mm to 3.6mm wide and 3.0mm thick). There is no pin restriction on the frame. The frame is decorated with a recurrent series of transverse groves. The part between the notches is not decorated. The pin is missing. The surface has a dark-brown patina.

NMGW-A8A948: BUCKLE
Medieval copper alloy buckle with integral plate, of 15th century date. The buckle is incomplete and fragmentary, now in two fragments and missing part of the outside of the frame (with a length of 35mm and a weight of 4.6g). The frame was of oval or circular form (with a diameter of 23mm) and of oval section (3.3mm wide and 3.8mm thick). Heavy corrosion on the frame has removed any trace of possible decoration. The pin is looped through a slot behind the frame. The ferrous pin is comparatively short (at 17mm) and is of D-shaped section, with straight sides, gradually converging to the tip. The buckle narrows behind the frame (to 9.2mm) before widening to the sub-square integral plate (12.6mm wide, 9mm long and 2.3mm thick). The buckle was attached using a single rivet, positioned near the centre of the plate and appears to have been of iron. No decoration is evident on the plate. The attachment end of the plate is heavily-corroded but does not appear to be broken. The surface has a dark-green patina beneath the grey-brown corrosion. The buckle for is difficult to closely parallel, with integral buckle plates generally being longer and occasionally with a hooked end, such as the examples recorded in London (Egan & Pritchard, 1991, nos. 320-1, p 78)[1]. It remains possible that this buckle was of similar form and has now lost the rear of the plate. [1] Egan G. & Pritchard F. 1991; Medieval Finds from Excavations in London: 3; Dress Accessories; Museum Of London

NMGW-E84561: BUCKLE
Medieval copper alloy buckle of oval type with roller of 14th century date The buckle is incomplete, missing the pin and is also likely to have lost a folded sheet metal plate (with a length of 19.6mm and a weight of 8.5g). The oval buckle frame has a sheet roller on the outside edge (of 7.0mm – 7.5mm diameter) and was decorated with incised encircling groves with a more pronounced central groove, corresponding with the position of the missing pin. There are knops on the ends of the outside edge. The rectangular-sectioned sides (1.4mm wide and 4.2mm thick) are convex (giving a maximum width of 23.4mm). The bar is offset and narrowed and is of square section (3.4mm square). There is a notch on the rear of the central part of the bar, corresponding with the position of the pin. The surface is corroded with a dark grey patina on the frame, possibly suggesting a gunmetal composition and a light green patina on the roller.

NMGW-E8619D: BUCKLE
Medieval copper alloy buckle of oval type with roller of 14th century date The buckle is incomplete, missing the pin and is also likely to have lost a folded sheet metal plate (with a length of 19.0mm and a weight of 5.0g). The oval buckle frame has a sheet roller on the outside edge (of 6.2mm – 6.6mm diameter) and is decorated with fine incised encircling groves and with a more pronounced central groove, corresponding with the position of the missing pin. There are knops on the ends of the outside edge. The oval-sectioned sides (1.6mm wide and 3.5mm thick) are convex (giving a maximum width of 21.8mm). The bar is offset and narrowed and is of sub-square section (2.5mm square). There is a notch on the rear of the central part of the bar, corresponding with the position of the pin. The surface is corroded with a dark grey-green patina on both the frame and roller. Remnants of iron corrosion survives on the bar, suggestion an iron pin was used.

NMGW-E8930C: BUCKLE
Medieval copper alloy buckle ornate D-shaped buckle of 14th or 15th century date The buckle frame is complete, with pin but may have lost the sheet metal plate (with a length of 20.2mm and a weight of 6.4g). The buckle frame has ornate cast ornament, comprising a central faceted cusp (with a thickness of 3.8mm), flanked on the sides by smaller faceted cusps (giving the frame a maximum width of 31.5mm). Lipped mouldings protruding between the cusps. The top edge of the frame is enhanced with notches. The bar is off-set and narrowed and is of sub-circular section (2.1mm diameter). The ends of the bar are enhanced with grooves. The rear of the frame is flat and is not decorated. The pin (23.5mm long) is of D-shaped section, with straight sides gradually converging to the point. There is a transverse rib at beginning of the shaft and the loop is closed at the rear (with a depth of 5.7mm). The surface of the both the pin and frame has a dark-green patina.

NMGW-E8B44E: CLASP
Medieval copper alloy folding strap clasp, probably of late 13th to early 15th century date The clasp is incomplete, missing the plate and with a damaged folding end (with a closed length of 14.6mm, a surviving open length of 20.0mm, a width of 14.6mm and a weight of 1.3g). The both bars are of square section (1.7mm square). The sides are of subtriangular sectioned and had ribs near one end and are recessed both ends. The folding end is of sheet plate but is damaged and truncated but has the rivet to hold the missing transverse rib catch. The surface has a grey-green patina.

NMGW-E8CD21: BUCKLE
Medieval copper alloy buckle frame, probably of mid 14th or 15th century date The buckle frame is of oval type (14.0mm long, 22.6mm wide and weighing 2.6g) and is now missing any sheet metal plate. The outside edge of the frame is expanded (to 4.0mm wide and 3.6mm thick) and is rounded on the outside and faceted on the interior. The sub square-sectioned bar is narrowed and offset. The pin remains in place but is distorted and truncated (14.4mm long) and is of rectangular section, near parallel sided to the break.

NMGW-E964EC: LOCK
Medieval copper alloy zoomorphic barrel lock of c. of 14th or 15th century date The cast Type C lock is near-complete, missing part of the tail and loop on the beast’s back (with an overall surviving length of 89.0mm, a height of 65.4mm, a maximum width across the shoulders of 22.5mm and a weight of 133.1g). The beast is a dog or lion and is three dimensional and hollowed on the interior. The beast is depicted with haunches flexed and forelegs extended resulting in the back angled upwards to the head. The head has small slightly projecting circular ears and the angled eyes are oval, defined by grooves. Further grooves define the snout. The mouth is open with an oval aperture (of 12.0mm long and 8.9mm wide) at the front and co-joining circular apertures at each side (of 6.0mm and 6.5mm diameter). The beast would have appeared to have been biting’ on the lock component fitting in the mouth. The breast and shoulders (only surviving on one side) are decorated with incised diagonal grooves. The integral, flat-sectioned tail is broken (with a surviving length of 10.2mm a width of 4.9mm and a thickness of 3.1mm) appears to have formed a loop with an integral protrusion on the back of the beast, which possibly formed a second loop. There is a sub-rectangular aperture (7.2mm long and 5.2mm – 6.5mm wide) along the neck of the beast, positioned opposite an oval aperture (13.5mm long and 8.8mm wide) on the underside. There is an additional small circular aperture (3.6mm diameter) between the front legs, likely to be a rivet attacvhment. The surface is corroded with a pale-green corrosion and red-brown metal. Small Remnants of a dark-green patina survive in protected areas. Zoomorphic variations of the medieval barrel lock have been recorded with PAS[1] in both dog and horse form. An excavated example from Winchester (Biddle, 1990, no. 3665, p 1010)[2] with an L-shaped arm was recovered from a 12th to early 13th century context. The stylistic similarities between this example and late medieval ewer spouts is striking and may suggest a date within the 14th or 15th centuries. The lock can be closely paralleled with an example recorded with PAS[3] recovered from Nercwys in Flintshire, perhaps suggesting a regional group or perhaps both may have been produced in the same workshop. The Nercwys lock has similar breakage on the tail loops. [1] BH-DA5807; BUC-310083; BERK-F6BF18; DENO-45B8B6; DENO-729F97; DEV-491751; ESS-BEB511; HAMP3430; LVPL-1E8DF7; NLM-5CBA15; NMS-1F3472; NMS-3C0C96; NMS-D562B4; SUSS-748045; SWYOR-E9B1C4; SWYOR-DA4617, WMID-25A164 [2] Biddle, M.; 1990; Artefacts from Medieval Winchester; Object and Economy in Medieval Winchester; Winchester Studies 7.ii [3] DEN-0F2C87

NMGW-E9B7E7: MOUNT
Roman copper alloy enamelled roundel or circular mount, probably of 1st to early 2nd century AD date The roundel is sub-circular and with a concave face (with a diameter of 28.2mm – 30.6mm, a depth of 5.7mm and a weight of 12.1g). The face is decorated with a whirligig motif comprising ten sub-triangular cells of alternating red and blue enamel. The blue enamel has survived significantly better than the red, which only survives as a remnant adhering to the base of the cell. The centre of the roundel is circular (of 8mm diameter) and is not decorated and with a perforation at its centre, probably for attachment. The rear of the roundel is domed with a bevelled edge (4.0mm thick) and is not decorated. An indentation at the centre defines the rear of the perforation, possibly filled with the attachment rivet. The copper alloy surface has a dark-brown patina mostly preserved on the rear, with the suggestion of a tinned or silvered surface over the rear and central circular part of the face. Microscopic examination of the red enamel[1] in the roundel identified it as a ‘sealing wax’ type in use in Late Iron Age and early Roman Britain. The enamelled roundel is likely to be a decorative component from a larger object of uncertain type, although the fragmentary state of the object makes identification difficult the form and decoration are consistent with Roman period decorative motifs. [1] By Mary Davis, Principal Analytical Services Officer, Amgueddfa Cymru – National Museum Wales

NMGW-EA09CE: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy composite plate brooch of 2nd century AD date The brooch is fragmentary, represented by a back plate only (with a surviving, distorted length of 24.4mm and a weight of 1.4g). The missing pin was hinged between twin lugs (4.4mm deep) and the copper alloy axis bar remains in place. At the opposite end is a short catch-plate, missing the catch (4.1mm long and 4.4mm deep). Both are integral to the rear of a circular sheet (21.3mm diameter and 0.5mm thick) with a central circular aperture (3.8mm diameter). The front of the hinge projects slightly beyond the circumference and had ribbed decoration. Around the periphery of the plate is the suggestion of a grooved border. There is no decoration on the front of the plate. The surface is corroded with mid-green patina. It seems likely that the brooch fragment represents the back plate to a composite plate brooch where a decorative facing was secured through the perforation. A similar but larger example is published by Hattatt (1987, no. 1272, p 291)[1] from the former Yugoslavia. [1] Hattatt R., 1987; Brooches of Antiquity

NMGW-EA2D92: BUCKLE
Medieval copper alloy buckle with a trapezoidal frame and integral plate, possibly a spur buckle dating from the mid 13th or 14th century The buckle is incomplete, missing the pin and terminal hook (with a distorted length of 30.0mm and a weight of 3.8g). The buckle is of rectangular section with a uniform thickness (of 2.1mm). The trapezoidal frame has a maximum width on its outside edge (of 19.3mm), enhanced with a notch for the pin and narrows (to 16.0mm) at the plate. The sides of the frame are decorated with notches and the integral plate has ribbed decoration. There was a hole at to accommodate the pin behind the frame, now filled with iron corrosion and suggestion an iron pin was used. There is another hole at the attachment end of the plate to secure to the strap. At the attachment end, the buckle narrows (to 7.9mm) and is of triangular section before the damaged hook at the terminal (3.8mm long and 5mm deep). The surface has a dark grey-green patina. Oval framed buckles with integral plates have been published from London (Egan & Prichard 1991, nos. 320-1, p 78)[1], which is paralleled with an example with a hooked terminal in the Ashmolean Museum[2] . Egan & Prichard (ibid.) suggest a specialist function for the buckle, possibly a spur but note their relative weakness. [1] Egan G. & Pritchard F. 1991; Medieval Finds from Excavations in London: 3; Dress Accessories; Museum Of London [2] Acc. No. 410.1981

NMGW-EA4A0E: BUCKLE
Medieval copper alloy buckle plate, probably of mid 14th or 15th century date The buckle is fragmentary missing the frame and half of the plate (with a length of 32.7mm and a weight of 1.4g). The sheet plate (0.4mm thick) had a slot for the pin and the corners were recessed for the frame. The plate is rectangular (13.6mm wide) and was attached using two rivets near the attachment end. There is no decoration on the plate, possibly suggesting that it is the rear plate. The surface has a dark-green patina with a pale-green corrosion.

NMGW-EA9008: BUCKLE
Medieval copper alloy oval buckle frame with separate plate, probably of 14th or 15th century date The buckle is near-complete, missing the pin and is comparatively small (with an overall length of 30.7mm and a weight of 4.2g). The buckle is oval form (4.7mm long and 4.9mm wide) and the frame is D-shaped section, wider and thicker at the outside edge (1.6mm – 2.2mm wide and 2.5mm – 3.2mm thick). No decoration now survives on the frame. The bar is offset and narrowed. The plate has a slot to accommodate the missing pin, now filled with ferrous corrosion, suggesting an iron pin was used. The corners of the pale are recess for the frame. The plate (18.8mm long, 10.0mm wide and 4.8mm deep) has indentation on both of the sides before the rounded terminal, at the centre of which is a separate copper alloy attachment rivet. The rivet (6.1mm long) has a domed head (4.0mm diameter and 1.4mm high). There are radiating lines decorating the terminal around the rivet. The surface is now green-brown but has been discoloured from a recent applied coating.

NMGW-3C068B: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy strip, possibly a fragment of a bow brooch of Langton Down, Hod Hill or allied type and of 1st or 2nd century AD date The possible brooch is fragmentary, represented by the bow only and is distorted (with a surviving length of 40.0mm and a weight of 2.2g). The strip was widest at one end and is torn (10mm wide) and with the suggestion of a rolled head or possibly even forming an integral spring on a one-piece brooch. A central strip (1.9mm wide, 0.6mm thick) of the apex is upturned and may have formed a spring coil. The sides are straight and gradually convergent to a break at the base (with a width of 5.5mm and a thickness of 0.6mm). The possible brooch is decorated with a knurled rib in sunken relief. The rear of the strip is undecorated with no evidence for a catch-plate. The surface is heavily-corroded and worn with a pale to mid green patina. The lack of diagnostic features on the strip makes identification problematic. The decorative features are consistent with the Roman period. There is the suggestion that the strip has broken across a hinged rolled-head or may have formed an integral spring. The lack of any catch-plate on the rear of the leg however is difficult to explain. It is also possible that the strip is a fragment of a bracelet or similar.

NMGW-3C35C5: UNIDENTIFIED OBJECT
Copper alloy decorative pyramidal terminal of uncertain date The terminal is complete (16.8mm long) but the ferrous attachment bar is fragmentary (giving an overall surviving length of 17.8mm and a weight of 5.3g). The terminal has a near-square base (10.5mm x 9.7mm), with straight flat sides converging towards the apex, enhanced with a spherical knop (5.6mm diameter). Little decoration survives on the terminal but the domed head of an iron pin (4mm diameter and 0.4mm high) is evident on one face, to secure the terminal to the shaft. Beneath the iron pin is the suggestion of linear rib, continuing to the base. The iron shaft of the attachment bar is square sectioned (3.2mm square). The copper alloy surface is heavily-corroded with remnants of a dark-brown patina and pale-green corrosion. The terminal is difficult to identify and date put the patina and ferrous corrosion suggest some age to the object. It is possible that the terminal decorated furniture or similar and may be of Roman date but may also date to the medieval or post medieval periods.

NMGW-3C487C: WEIGHT
Post Medieval copper alloy trade weight of early 18th century date The circular weight (19.2mm diameter and 3.7mm thick) is stamped with the sword, as for the official mark for London, the ewer, to denote the Plumbers' Company and a crowned A, indicating the reign of Queen Anne (1702-7). The weight currently weighs 5.73g, equivalent to 0.201 ounces and was originally a quarter-ounce weight. The rear of the weight is flat.

NMGW-3D73E7: BELL
Early Medieval copper alloy bell probably of Viking type and of 10th century date The cast bell is of hexagonal form and is fragmentary, missing the mouth and much of the sides (with a surviving length of 27.7mm, a maximum surviving depth of 21.2mm and a weight of 3.9g). The loop is rectangular (17mm long, 6.9mm wide and 3.8mm thick) with a circular perforation (3.2mm diameter) with has adhering iron corrosion. There is the suggestion of a subtle moulding around the base of the loop. The bell is sheet metal (1.0mm thick) and was of faceted hexagonal form. There is no decoration discernible on the bell. The base of the bell has broken in antiquity with none of the mouth surviving. There is a suggestion that the two longer sides are concave across their widths near the break, although this may be the result of the breakage. The interior of the bell has the stubs of the flat sectioned loop to hold the missing clapper. The interior has considerable iron corrosion staining, presumably from the clapper. The surface has a pale to mid green patina and is worn and corroded. The damage to the bell makes a confident identification difficult, however hexagonal bells, sometimes described as ‘Anglo-Scandinavian’ or ‘Norse’ type are generally dated to the 10th century. Viking bell loops are often of trapezoidal form with mouldings at the base and the bells sometimes have incised borders and ring-and-dot decoration. This example is without applied decoration and has a rectangular loop making it somewhat unusual for Viking bells. The trapezoidal form however is difficult to parallel in Roman period bells. Two hexagonal bells were excavated from the Viking enclosure site at Llanbedrgoch, Anglesey from 10th century contexts (Redknap 2004; pp 161-4)[1]. At the time of writing 38 hexagonal bells are recorded with PAS with an Eastern distribution in the South of England and stretching from north of Birmingham to North Yorkshire. This example may be seen as a South-Western outlier for PAS recorded hexagonal bells. [1] Redknap, M.; 2004; Viking-age Settlement in Wales and the Evidence from Llanbedrgoch; in Hines, Lane & Redknap edited: Land, Sea and Home; Proceedings of a Conference on Viking-period Settlement, at Cardiff, July 2001; Society of Medieval Archaeology Monograph no. 20; p. 139-177

NMGW-3D9330: HARNESS PENDANT
Medieval copper alloy harness pendant of 13th or 14th century date The harness pendant is of two-part form (excluding the suspension mount), comprising a frame and internal pendant and is complete but missing the suspension mount (with a length of 63.5mm and a weight of 38.3g). The inner lug of the hinge to the suspension mount (with a depth of 10.0mm, a thickness of 2.0mm – 3.9mm and a length of 11.8mm) now has a worn oval perforation (5.1mm long and 3.5mm wide). The bevelled outer frame is of quatrefoil form (with a width of 44.4mm and a thickness of 4.6mm) with projecting leaves or knops between each of the lobes. On the outside of the frame the leaves are of droplet form, while the inner projections are circular and enhanced with a stamped seven-petalled flower. The outer projections appear to have incised ‘wiggle-work’ decoration now worn and corroded. At the hinge for the inner pendant the frame and lug of the inner pendant are ribbed. The inner, swivelling pendant is hinged with a copper alloy axis bar and is of cross form (44.4mm long and 36.2mm wide).The cross terminals are flattened and the fronts are decorated with an incised crosshatch. The arms are of triangular section. At the centre is a separate domed rivet with a protruding globular head (9.7mm long and 5.6mm – 6.2mm diameter). At the rear is a small lozenge washer of sheet copper alloy secured to the end of the rivet. The surface is corroded with remnant traces of gilding discernible and a pale green corrosion of the brown metal. The outer pendant frame can be broadly paralleled with a quatrefoil frame, missing the inner pendant recorded from Trallong in Powys (NMWPA 2010.86). Recorded two-piece harness pendants include examples from Manorbier, Pembrokeshire (NMGWPA 2006.68.1) and an enamelled pendant from Redmarley D'abitot, Gloucestershire (NMWPA 2012.49.2), both of sexfoil form. Another sexfoil example, recorded by Read (1988)[1], also has a separate central decorative rivet through the inner pendant. [1] Read B., 1988, History Beneath Our Feet; p. 92, No. 558

NMGW-3DADB6: VESSEL
Copper alloy vessel handle, possibly from a jug of Roman date The handle is complete (with a length of 68.3mm, a depth of 19mm and a weight of 35.7g) but no part of the container vessel survives. The handle is of S-shaped form and has flattened attachment points on each end. The upper, oval attachment point (14.5mm long x 9.4m m wide) has an outward angle, whereas the lower, sub-triangular attachment point (12.5mm long x 12.5m m wide) is near-vertical. The handle is of oval section, widening to its furthest point (where it has a width and thickness of 12.5mm and 9.9mm respectively). There is no decoration evident on the handle. The surface is corroded, worn and pitted with a mid-green patina. The handle has few diagnostic features and is difficult to date with a degree of confidence. The form is consistent with handles from Roman period jugs but also can be paralleled on later vessels.

NMGW-3DBB53: VESSEL
Copper alloy vessel rim and handle fragment of uncertain date, possibly medieval The cast vessel is fragmentary, represented by a rim fragment (40.5mm long) and the upper part of the handle (40.5mm deep and weighing 49.2g), soldered together. The vessel rim has little curvature across its width, suggesting a vessel of sizeable diameter. The outside of the vessel is straight along its length (23.1mm surviving length) and has no decoration. The interior of the rim is rounded (with a vessel thickness of 4.7mm). The vessel handle is positioned level with the top of the rim and is perpendicular to the surviving vessel. The handle is of near-circular section (12.5mm wide and 11mm thick). The surface is worn and pitted with a dark-green patina and there is the suggestion of surviving black coatings on the exterior, probably sooting from cooking on a fire. The vessel fragment is difficult to date but does not have the exterior lip on the rim that many of the late medieval and post medieval cauldron and skillet vessels have. However Iron Age and Roman cauldrons made of sheet metal rather than cast.

NMGW-51DC91: BROOCH
Copper alloy brooch pin, possibly from a Late Roman or Early Medieval penannular brooch, perhaps of 4th to 6th century date The brooch frame is missing, with only the cast pin present (with an overall length of 48.6mm and a weight of 3.0g). The loop (with a width of 9.2mm, an external diameter of 11.2mm and internal diameter of 7.6mm) is open at the rear (with a gap of 6.2mm). The loop is corrugated, with raised edges and a central rib (giving a thickness of 1.8mm). The pin (with a length of 38mm) is circular sectioned (2.2mm diameter) and narrows to the tip over the lower-third. There is no applied decoration on the pin. The surface has been stripped with a dark-brown corrosion. The missing frame makes any identification speculative. The size of the pin suggests a comparatively small brooch and the form can be broadly paralleled on penannular brooches, perhaps zoomorphic or Type G. The ribbed loop, rather than barrelled form can be broadly paralleled in Wales, on a zoomorphic brooch found at Caerwent, Monmouthshire and on a Type G brooch from Llangennith, Gower, Swansea.

NMGW-52026D: CRUCIFIX
Late medieval copper alloy depiction of the Corpus Christi, crucifixion of Christ, probably from a Processional Cross of 15th century date The cast figure of Christ is depicted in the round and is heavily-corroded and fragmentary, missing both arms, one lower leg and the other foot (with a surviving length of 116.1mm, a surviving width across the arms of 51.7mm and a weight of 133.2g). Christ is wearing the crown of thorns, now surviving as a raised band over the brow and on the rear, overlying long hair falling onto the shoulders. Christ’s head is against his right shoulder, with his bearded chin resting on the chest. Corrosion has masked much of the minor facial details but the sunken eyes, ridge for the nose and mouth moulding are evident. The upper arms are angled upwards. The body has a slightly distorted profile, exaggerating the arched form. Folded drapery of the loincloth is discernible around the hips and thighs and is tied in the middle. The right leg is depicted projecting forward slightly. The rear of the figure had an oval aperture for attachment to the cross, now damaged (with a length of 50.8mm, a width of 10mm and a depth of 9.9mm – 13.4mm). All breaks on the figure are old. The corroded surface has a black deposit and was possibly burnt, elsewhere the pale green corrosion and striped red-brown metal is exposed. The figure and depiction of Christ can be paralleled with an example on a Processional Cross from Christchurch Mansion, now in Ipswich Museum (Hourihane, 2005, Cross 10, p. 85-6)[1] date to 1490-1500. The cross fragment was found less than 500m south of Runston Chapel, where it may have been originated from. [1] Hourihane, C.; 2005; The Processional Cros in Late Medieval England: The ‘Dallye Cross’; Reports of the Research Committee of the Society of Antiquaries of London, No 71

Medieval copper alloy harness pendant suspension mount of 13th or 14th century date The composite pendant is fragmentary, represented by the hinged suspension mount and a further hinged fitting (with a length of 30.1mm and a weight of 2.8g). The attachment mount is of domed quadrangular form (11.5mm wide, 2.6mm deep and 0.7mm thick) with a central circular attachment hole to take a missing rivet (3.4mm diameter). The rear is hollowed. At the base of the mount are twin lugs of the hinge, containing a central lug which has twin lugs at its base, now broken (with a surviving length of 12.8mm). The hinge has broken through the two perforations. The surface has corroded dark brown with traces of gilding overlying a pale-green corrosion. The hinged arm between the attachment mount and pendant is unusual and may suggest a composite type of harness pendant.

NMGW-52442C: BUCKLE
Medieval copper alloy buckle of annular type and of 14th to 16th century date The buckle is missing the pin and has some edge damage and is of sub-annular form (20.7mm diameter, 14mm internal diameter and weighing 2.0g) with an expended outside edge (4.5mm wide). The outside edge has a linear notch to accommodate the missing pin. The frame was narrowest at the attachment end (with a width of 2.4mm) where there is a nick, probably resulting from wear of the pin loop. The frame is of a consistent faceted pentagonal section (3.0mm thick). There is no applied decoration and the surface has a dark brown-green patina.

NMGW-20ACCD: FIGURINE
Copper alloy ‘Horse and Rider’ figure or statuette, probably of Roman date, possibly from the 2nd or 3rd century AD The figure appears to be complete except for a separate stand or base but is corroded (with a length of 77.0mm, a height of 74.4mm and a weight of 88.3g). The horse and rider are integral and cast in the round. The horse however is flat and rectangular sectioned (with a thickness of 5.8mm). The horse is crudely depicted in side profile and is walking forward. The horse is not able to stand without support and the leg terminals may have been secured to a base. While details of the horse are crudely depicted, there appears to be more care taken with the details of the harness, the bridle and reins are clearly depicted as raised mouldings. A circular swelling on the rump of the horse on one of the faces may be the corroded remains of a shield or similar. The rider was also depicted in more detail, sitting immediately behind the neck of the horse and with legs bent on both faces. There is the suggestion of a short tunic depicted at the top of the rider’s legs. The feet are positioned behind the front legs with no stirrup evident. The arms are depicted on the sides of the body with hands holding the reins, at the base of the neck. The rider is clearly looking to the side, over his right shoulder. The rider’s nose is evident as a narrow ridge, flanking depressions for the eyes. A ridge on the brow seemingly depicts the hairline but may depict a simple helmet without a crest. No other details are now evident. The surface has a pale to mid green corrosion with some adhering iron corrosion staining. The horse and rider figure may be a crude example of the more elaborate and three-dimensional statuettes depicting armoured warriors on horseback, as discussed by Johns (1990)[1], although this example has few of the warrior attributes on the Brough, Lincolnshire and similar examples. The popular depiction of the horse and rider can also be seen on Roman period stone reliefs and on enamelled plate brooches. [1] Johns, C. ; 1990 ; Romano-British statuette of a Mounted Warrior God’, Antiquaires Journal 70, 446-52.

NMGW-F6BB9D: STRAP FITTING
An incomplete cast copper alloy fitting Post Medieval Date (AD 1500-1700). The object may be a dress hook or, since it is decorated on both sides, a watch winder. The face is decorated in a floral motif framed by incised lines forming an elongated crown shape. Both lateral points of the ‘crown’ terminate in sub-rectangular knops (5.9mm wide) with the central point terminating in a hexagonal knop (5.1mm wide) with a central recessed circular cell (2.5mm diameter). The bottom of the ‘crown’ is decorated with incised linework in the shape of a fan or floral motif with pointed ends. Beneath this is a collar 1mm wide with a central incised line. The point extends 4.7mm from the collar before terminating in an old break. The back of the object is more simply decorated with a recessed cell (2.7mm in diameter) towards the top of the body within a frame of incised lines. A red substance is caked in the crevices of the object, probably from corrosion in its deposition environment. The object is 40.3mm in length with a maximum width of 21.4mm, 2.2mm thick and weighs 4.80g.

NMGW-F7F1A2: STRAP END
An incomplete cast copper alloy strap end of Medieval date (c. AD1400-1500). The object consists of the font plate, crescentic in plan with two arms curving upward before terminating in old breaks. One of the arms is bent and traces of gilding preserves on the bend. A large trefoilate knop (4.5mm x 19.6mm) projects from the base of the plate and is decorated in incised linework to form a floral motif. Incised linework also decorates the arms - 5 equidistant sets of three incised lines, with the sixth set apparently being the point at which arm is bent. The plate is perforated by two iron rivets (1.5mm diameter) at the base of the curve of the crescent. It is likely that the arms originally continued to curve up and meet in the centre, with the old damage occurring at the site of rivets (e.g. WILT-43514C). The back of the strap end is undecorated. The object is a medium green patina with traces of gold gilding with maximum dimensions of 37.3mm in length, 28.4mm wide, 3mm thick and weighs 5.92g. Similar objects are recorded on the PAS database e.g. WILT-83076E, WILT-43514C Reference: Fingerlin (1971: 191) no. 313.

NMGW-0A1E39: COIN
A heavily worn copper alloy coin bent into a S-shape of Post Medieval date, likely later 17th or early 18th century but potentially younger. The surface of the coin is heavily worn and corroded, so any inscriptions or designs are no longer visible. Coins bent into an S-shape are often referred to as a "love token", but may also have served as a good luck charm (see FAKL-A06413 for futher details).

NMGW-0DB373: SEAL MATRIX
A near-complete but heavily corroded cast copper alloy flat pointed oval ‘vesica’ shaped seal matrix of Medieval date, c.1200-1450. The seal matrix is a flat pointed oval in shape. The reverse of the seal matrix has a pierced lug (3.5mm internal diameter) projecting from 6.75mm below the top point with a raised central midrib extending from the loop to the bottom point. The central device is a calvary cross raguly, surrounded by four of the instruments of passion. These are, from the top right clockwise, three nails, a whip or scourge with five thongs, the holy lance, and the crown of thorns. The instruments of the passion are also known as the Arma Christi (Arms of Christ) and used both as heraldic arms attributed to Jesus Christ and as symbolic of Christ’s sacrifice and victory. The central device is separated from the inscription by a beaded border. The inscription is heavily worn to the point of near-indecipherability. The engraving is of high quality, but poor burial conditions have severely reduced the depth of the engravings. A cross initial mark is visible at the top point of the matrix. An extremely tentative partial transcription using a scanned image of the matrix is as follows: +PREB--VCISTOROT:AD--LV[C or G]NOM— PREB may refer to a Prebendary, an honorary canon, which would make this seal ecclesiastical. The subject is an unusual one, although DUR-8D1F39 and IHS-4FE6F7 both share design features with this example. The matrix is in very poor condition, missing much of its original surface and edge to corrosion. This has severely damaged the inscription, with lumps of corrosion covering some areas and much of the letter forms being worn away. The object is covered by green and brown patination. Length: 38.7mm Width: 26.5mm Thickness: 4.6mm; 10mm at the loop Weight: 14.60

NMGW-228645: SPEARHEAD
An incomplete cast copper alloy spearhead probably of late Bronze Age date (c.1500-700 BC). The spearhead is fragmentary, missing the basal end of the blade and base of the socket with only the top end with tip surviving. The spearhead has broken through the central socket, which is solid, with a diameter of 14.2mm x 12mm). The position of the socket is marked by a prominent, rounded midrib with a width of 12.1 at the break, height of 3.3mm on one side and 4.3 on the other, and maximum surrounding overall depth of 12.2 just before the break. The midrib tapers gradually towards the tip (0.7mm in width and 3.2mm overall depth at the point). Faint lines run parallel to the midrib from the break and appear to terminate c.7.6mm from the point, though they could have run up to the tip and have since been eroded away from surface damage. The surviving blade edges suggest the blade end is triangular in plan and widens just before the break (39.3mm), so was possibly leaf-shaped. The spearhead is slightly bent towards the break (as seen in section) suggesting the object was intentionally bent and broken prior to deposition. One side of the spear has been struck, possibly by plough, with a diagonal groove running from the midrib to the edge of the blade. The absence of the socket makes typological identification uncertain. The more commonly–recovered types consistent with the form of the fragmentary spearhead are pegged, of Davis’ generic Group 11 (2015)[1], or possibly of a side-looped type, Davis’ (ibid) Group 6. Socketed Spearheads of Davis’ Generic Group 11 can be dated to the Wilburton phase of the Late Bronze Age, dated by Needham et al (1996)[2] to c. 1200 – 900BC. The spearhead is an uneven grey patina with patches of bright green, dark grey/black possible tenorite, and orangey brown. The object has a max length of 85.3mm, width of 39.3mm, thickness 14.2mm and weighs 48.72g. Similar spearheads are recorded on the PAS database e.g. NMGW-215EBE, YORYM-E5C837, YORYM-3D457F, NMGW-3EA2A8, SOM-4FBE8D

NMGW-EDA737: COIN
A copper alloy contemporary copy of a Roman nummus of the House of Constantine (AD 307-361), dating to the period AD 353-361 (Reece Period 18). FEL TEMP REPARATIO reverse type depicting a soldier spearing a barbarian who has fallen from a horse. Unclear mint. The flan is very small, this type of coin is often referred to as a 'minim'.

NMGW-45B08A: VESSEL
An incomplete Medieval or Post Medieval vessel fragment consisting of part of the leg and foot, probably from a cauldron or skillet (c.AD 1200-1700). The leg is rectangular in plan and trapezoidal in section with the front surface of the leg wider and narrowing at the back. The leg is concave starting at a break from old damage (36.1mm x 11.7mm) and curving outwards, widening slightly at the foot (44.1mm x 24.1mm). A longitudinal raised central midrib 5.5mm wide decorates the front and runs down the leg 36mm from the break flanked by a shallow concave surface. The back is plain and undecorated and the bottom of the foot is flat and D-shaped in plan. The object is a black with a pitted surface, probably from deposits of soot during use in a hearth, with medium green splotches of corrosion. Maximum length 69.5mm, width 43.1mm, thickness 24.3mm and weighs 195.92g. Crudely made cast copper alloy vessels were widely used from c.1200-1700 for serving and cooking. Butler and Green (2003: 15) state 'there is evidence that [cast copper alloy] metal cooking vessels became increasingly common during the 13th and 14th centuries'. Although earlier copper alloy vessels, mostly in copper alloy sheet, are known they are rarer and mostly of sheet metal or hammered out (ibid: 7). While certain specialist cast copper alloy vessels such as skillets remained in use later 'bronze cauldrons in general seem to have been superseded in the early years of the 18th century when their place was taken by cast-iron vessels which were cheaper to make and more durable to use.' (ibid: 22). Butler et al (2009:4) suggest there were four main types of leg used. This is probably an example of Type A, which they suggest was widespread in the Medieval period with some examples continuing into the early 17th century (ibid). Similar objects are recorded on the PAS database e.g. SWYOR-3E3F89, SUSS-F01E2A, SOM-B0BFC9 References: Butler, R. and Green, C. 2003. English Bronze Cooking Vessels and Their Founders 1350-1830. Honiton? : R. and V. Butler. Butler, R., Green, C. and Payne, N. 2009. Cast Copper-Alloy Cooking Vessels. York: Finds Research Group 700-1700 Datasheet 41

NMGW-46019B: FURNITURE FITTING
An incomplete cast copper alloy decorative fitting, possibly from a furniture or casket, likely of Post-Medieval date. The object consists of a single cast strip 89.2mm in length decorated with a central moulding 14.3mm long and 2.3mm wide flanked by square moulded knops 4mm x 4mm. A pair of distal mouldings sub-oval in plan (5.1mm x 8.2mm) contain circular rivets 3.8mm diameter. Both heads of the rivets are in situ, and one contains a fragment of the shaft, visible on the bottom. The ends of the strip terminate in squared edges. Both faces of the strip have been damaged by corrosion but appear to be plain and undecorated with traces of gilding on the surface. The object is an uneven mid-green patina with patches of reddish brown with maximum dimensions of 89.2mm long, 8.3mm wide, 10.7mm thick and weighs 14.20g.

NMGW-705AD9: JEWS HARP
A near complete cast copper alloy Jews Harp of post medieval date (c.AD 1500-1800). The object consists of a sub-circular head and two tapering arms, and a lozenge cross section. The rabbet (notch) is located at the apex of the object. The iron tongue is missing in old damage. Jews harps, or trumps, are folk instruments with a long history across a wide geographical distribution. They are believed to be indigenous to South East Asia, and had been introduced to Europe by the Crusades (11th to 14th Centuries AD). The form of the European Jews harp, is made from metal, commonly iron in modern examples. The tongue forms a separate component hammered into a rabbet in the thickest part of the frame at the apex. The other end of the tongue is bent into a prong, however, this part of the object rarely survives in archaeological examples. The instrument is held in one hand and the frame is held between the player’s teeth. The metal tongue is then plucked by the fingers on the other hand. The mouth cavity acts as a resonator and the pitch can be modified by the position of the lips, tongue and cheeks (Egan, 1998, 284). The object is an uneven green and brown-grey patina with orange iron corrosion between the prongs with an overall length of 60.5mm, max width of 27mm, max thickness 6.7mm and weighs 16.03g. Similar objects are recorded on the PAS database e.g SWYOR-0BD277, DEV-FB6531, DEV-FB50B3

NMGW-C70BF7: COIN
An incomplete copper alloy contemporary copy of a Roman sestertius of Claudius I (AD 41-54), dating to the period AD 43 - c.50 (Reece Period 2). Uncertain reverse type. Uncertain mint. This coin is a British provincial imitation, which has been countermarked PROB, short for Probatum meaning "approved". PROB is a British variant of the abbreviation. This countermark gave official sanction to the coin by the Roman government or its legal representatives (Baker 1984, 54). Robert Kenyon (1988, 61) hypothesises that the coins were countermarked PROB at a Roman military centre in Britain and that they were applied to samples of acceptable quality low-weight coins produced at a provincial mint in Britain. The coin is likely from the early part of Claudius' reign. The coins catalogued by Kenyon all lack the title P(ater) P(atriae), introduced in sestertii c. AD 50.

NMGW-03928B: SPUR
An incomplete cast copper alloy spur of Post Medieval date (AD 1600-1850). The spur consists of two arms angled outwards, neck, and a central rowel slot. The rowel has been lost to old damage. The arms are D-shaped in section with a beveled outer surface and taper before terminating in old breaks. One arm is broken just before where a looped terminal would have been, giving the arm a total surviving length of 41.4mm, 5.7mm wide and 4.6mm thick. The other arm is broken in the middle with a surviving length of 25.8mm, 7.8mm wide and 4.5mm thick. The base of the neck is decorated with a small incised flower with three petals: the central petal is decorated with a line running down the centre and 4 small pointed lines on either side of the central line (two at the top, two toward the bottom). The side petals are decorated with three incised pointed lines each at the medial surface indicating that they are facing the central petal. The motif is further decorated with two small incised pointed lines like those on the petals between the middle and both side petals. The neck curves upwards slightly to the rowel slot (29.5mm long from the internal surface to the tip of the rowel slot, 9.4mm wide and 16.8mm thick at base of the neck and 4.5mm at the tip), half of which has been broken in old damage and lost. The surviving half is perforated by a small hole c. 0.5mm in diameter. The object is a dark grey-greet patina with overall measurements of 61mm long from tip of spur slot to the bottom of the longest arm, 56.4mm wide (distance between both arms), 11.6mm thick and weighs 27.28g. Similar objects are recorded on the PAS database e.g. SWYOR-524255, YORYM-6A0BA4,, YORYM-33A9C3, BERK-EDAC66 Reference: Ellis, B. M. A. (1995) 'Spurs and spur fittings' in Clark, J. The Medieval Horse and its Equipment. London: HMSO. p.124.

NMGW-42C745: UNIDENTIFIED OBJECT
A cast copper alloy object of unknown function, likely of post medieval date. The object is 45mm diameter disc of copper alloy 5mm thick. The obverse of the disc is decorated in relief moulding, with a circular central cell surrounded by four concentric circular ridges. The central cell is decorated in relief with an pseudoheraldic animal, possibly a dog or lion. The attitude of the pseudoheraldic is passant to sinister (moving to the viewer's right). The reverse is undecorated and covered in a dark patina with patches of corrosion. The object is reminiscent of livery and hunting (a.k.a sporting) buttons, but cannot be identified as the heraldic symbol of a family or organisation. The object also is far larger and thicker than these types of buttons and bears no signs of soldering that might have attached a button shank.

An incomplete copper alloy composite buckle of medieval date (c. 1350-1400AD). The buckle consists of a near-complete cast oval lipped frame with integral forked spacer and sheet top plate. The pin, backplate and any rivets are absent. The frame is oval, with chamfered edges and a grooved lip. The frame has an aperture width of 25.3mm and a width of 32.5mm. The narrowed bar for the pin sits in line with two raised bar mouldings that separate the frame from the integral forked spacer. The spacer is 23mm wide and 4mm thick. The plate is a rectangular sheet c.1-1.5mm thick, 59.8mm long and 21.4mm wide. The edges of the plate are damaged, and missing, particularly the inside edge. Despite this damage, the groove from a grooved aperture can be seen on the inside edge as well as a notch on the outside to allow the pin to rotate freely. The upper side of the plate is incised with geometric decoration, a central band of tessellating parallelograms is flanked by two symmetrical bands of interlocking trapezoids and triangles. The trapezoids are filled in with incised rocker-arm decoration. The reverse bears traces of solder used to attach it to the frame and lumps of corrosion product which have preserved minute quantities of textile. The presence of the grooved aperture allows this to be dated to the 14th century, excavation evidence shows that composite buckles from 15th century contexts lack this feature. The buckle is somewhat corroded, with much of the original surface missing. The object has a dark green patina, which is slightly lighter on the plate.

NMGW-AA9664: STRAP FITTING
A copper alloy strap slide of post medieval date (c. 1650-1800). The object is roughly circular in plan, with a slightly convex front face, c.2mm thick. Two flattened-oval sectioned lugs project from opposite ends of the reverse face, each is covered by iron corrosion product, presumably from iron rivets or inserts to the lugs. Incised curved lines radiating from a central circle decorate the front face of the object. There is some suggestion of finer decoration between the radiating lines, but the loss of the original surface to corrosion obscures any further definition. The object is damaged, with a crack in the circular plate, and is covered by yellow-green copper alloy corrosion and patches of iron corrosion concretion. Similar examples of this object type are recorded on the PAS database: including SWYOR-334BF3, BM-3F0E08, and LVPL-60B6A3.

NMGW-4EF90D: FOB
A fob seal from the end of a watch chain, probably of late 18th or 19th century date.

A copper alloy coin of Roman date. The coin is corroded and damaged to extent that any trace of the design is no longer visible.

A copper alloy contemporary copy of a Roman radiate (a barbarous radiate) of Divus Claudius II (AD c. 270), dating to the period AD 275-285 (Reece Period 14). CONSECRATIO reverse type depicting an eagle left. Unclear mint.

NMGW-1F083A: STUD
A small copper alloy discoid plano-convex stud of unknown date. The top of the stud is slightly domed, and was once circular in plan. The underside of the stud is flat, with a single central tapering shank that ends in a break. The top of the stud is stamp decorated with a central octofoil floral motif surrounded by four ring and dot motifs that alternate with four subdivided sub-rectangular bars. The stamped decoration is executed unevenly. The object is covered by a dark green patina and part of the edge of the head of the stud is missing, as is the remainder of the shank. The stud is hard to date, but is most likely Iron Age, Roman, or Post Medieval.

Roman copper alloy bow brooch of Trumpet derivative type, Wroxeter variant and of 1st to 2nd century AD date The cast brooch is incomplete missing the spring and catch-plate and with a heavily-distorted leg (with a distorted length of 53.1mm, a straightened length of approximately 83mm, a distorted depth of 24.4mm and a weight of 18.5g). The missing spring was secured behind the D-shaped head (18.1mm long, 16.4mm wide and) 8.4mm surviving depth), with the axis bar fixed within side perforations and the chord tensioned beneath. The top of the head is damaged but it is possible that there was an integral chain-loop, now lost. The front of the head had an incised double border at its top, probably infilled with repeating punched marks. Any other decoration on the head is now lost. The upper bow is of sub-trapezoidal section with straight and near-parallel sides. (6.1mm thick and 8.9mm wide). The sides of the bow have a grooved border and the front has a sub-rectangular cell containing a zig-zag of enamelled leaves arranged in pairs and in pale blue enamel. The area outside of the leaves is recessed but no enamel is discernible. At the base of the cell is a circular indentation, which is likely to have held a glass bead or setting. The indentation does not penetrate to the rear of the bow. The leg, probably of D-shaped section is heavily-corroded and damaged with little surface surviving. There is the suggestion of ridged decoration at the junction of the catch-plate. The Catch-plate survives as a truncated flange on the rear of the leg. The foot is of unusual form, comprising circular knops either side of the base of the leg (with a width of 13.9mm and each having a diameter of 5.4mm). The surface has a dark-green to brown patina partially preserved. The brooch would have been comparatively ornate and is broadly paralleled in form with Wroxeter type brooches but with diagonal leaves rather than the usual linear cells. The tow side knops at the foot is difficult to closely parallel.

NMGW-9D99C5: STYLUS
An incomplete probable copper alloy stylus of Roman or Medieval Date. The stylus is 86.5mm long and is bent, so the original would have been of greater length. The thickest part is c. 3mm square in section, with the top 31.5mm of the object expanding and flattening towards the broken upper end, which is 6.1mm wide and 1.3mm thick. This flattened part would be used to erase writing on a wax tablet. The lower broken end of the stylus is 2mm by 2.2mm thick, tapering from the thickest section. The stylus is broken at both ends badly corroded, with a rough, pitted dark green surface, showing patches of green copper alloy corrosion. The simple and incomplete nature of this stylus leaves us few diagnostic features that would allow more precise dating, although the presence of an eraser does make it identifiably as a stylus.

NMGW-EC906C: BUCKLE
A copper alloy Medieval sheet buckle plate of late 12th to 13th century date. The object is broken in half at the fold with only one plate surviving. The buckle plate is rectangular (17.8mm long x 16.5mm wide x 2mm thick) folded sheet plate with a slot cut for the pin and recessed from the frame on outer edges. The front depicts a zoomorphic figure. The back is plain and undecorated. The end of the plate is perforated by two rivet holes 1mm in diameter. The plate is gilded and the front is decorated with a die-stamped zoomorphic figure arranged centrally within a raised rectilinear frame with a wide outer and thin inner border. The animal depicted is likely a lion passant regardant (stepping left, head turned right, with what is possibly a wing projecting from its back. The tail curls around in an S-shape behind the animal. Surface corrosion has concealed much of the detail of the legs, but it appears the right leg is slightly raised as if in motion and overlaps the border. Surface corrosion has also destroyed some detail around the head, but the jaws appear rounded as is typical of early high medieval winged lions (a symbol of St Mark) rather than a mythical beast e.g. griffin. Traces of stippling preserve in the field behind the animal’s ?wing. The object has a medium-light green patina with patches of gold gilding on the front and back and some brown corrosion on one of the back corners. The maximum length is 22mm, 16.5mm wide and weighs 2.37g. A similar example is recorded in Egan and Pritchard (1991: 111, fig. 500) and dates to AD 1200-1230. A complete example is recorded in the PAS database: NMGW-7C542C. Additional examples of similar objects on the database include SOM-7058F9, YORYM-CDC6D, SF-1EE56D.

NMGW-30ED62: HARNESS PENDANT
Medieval copper alloy harness pendant, probably of 14th or 15th century date The cast pendant is of enamelled quatrefoil form and is complete but missing the suspension mount (with a length of 38.6mm and a weight of 8.3g). The oval suspension lug is complete (10.4mm long, 6.6mm deep and 2.0mm – 3.9mm thick) with an oval, heavily worn perforation (3.0mm x 3.8mm). The quatrefoil pendant (27.5mm long and wide) is gently convex and is decorated with a trefoil or fleur-de-lys in each lobe. At the centre is a six-petalled flower in red enamelled. The enamel around the trefoils has been lost. The surface is corroded and has largely been stripped to the brown metal with some pale-green corrosion. Similar quatrefoil pendants have been recorded with PAS from across Britain[1] and perhaps suggesting that the pendants are more generic and decorative than heraldic and therefore slightly later in the medieval period, c. 15th or 16th century. [1] HAMP-073AC5, YORYM-F050D2, ESS-11CE81, SUSS-9F98D8, NCL-735487

NMGW-31E2F9: PURSE
Post medieval copper alloy purse frame of early to mid 16th century date The cast purse frame is of Ward-Perkins (1940, p. 167-9)[1] Type B5 and is incomplete, missing one arm and the other purse components (with a surviving length of 39.5mm and a weight of 10.1g). The central block (8.5mm thick with an internal diameter of 5.0mm) is decorated with vertical grooves and has shoulders descending to the arms. The short arms (22.5mm long) had a plate with three perforations now damaged beneath the bars on each side and is decorated with lipped mouldings before the terminals. The surface is corroded with a dark-green patina and pale-green corrosion. The purse frame corresponds closely with Ward-Perkins type B5, who suggests that the type is a specialised derivative of his Type A6. [1] Ward Perkins, J.B., 1940, London Museum Medieval Catalogue

NMGW-330E68: BUCKLE
An incomplete cast copper alloy spur buckle with an integral plate of Medieval date (13th to 14th century). The frame is oval and cast integrally with the frame. There is a hole for the pin, now filled with iron corrosion, presumably the remains of the now missing pin. The frame is a rounded rectangle in shape, terminating in a knop. three rivet holes still containing their rivets. The central rivet hole is broken on one side and the plate is bent sideways from the central rivet. The central rivet is 7.1mm long, the longest of the three. The buckle has a pitted grey-green surface. Cf. YORYM-B4C544.

NMGW-467B1D: BELL
A complete cast copper alloy bell of Medieval or Post Medieval date. The bell is spherical, with a slot terminating in roughly heart shaped sound holes. The top roughly formed and damaged loop was cast integrally with the bell with an aperture into the bell in its base. There is an indistinct central rib around the girth of the bell, which appears to not be a casting or soldering line, suggesting that the bell was produced in one piece. The pea is absent. Bells of this form in copper alloy were produced from the 15th century onwards and were used in falconry and as dress or dog collar fittings. The finder was kind enough to take an XRF scan of this object. While this will not give precise readings of the metal composition it does give indication as to the elements present. The results were: Cu:62%, Zn:28%, Si:5%, Al:2.5%

NMGW-ECEBAB: STRAP END
An incomplete sheet copper alloy strap end of Medieval date (c. AD 1350-1500). The single sheet is plain, undecorated, rectangular in plan and broken at the fold with surviving dimensions of length of 29.7mm, 9.9mm wide and 0.6mm thick. A single central rivet perforates the end of the plate, the rivet still in situ with a distorted depth of 2.7mm. The object appears to have been bent in two places along its length, probably due to later activity, and surface corrosion has affected these areas. The strap end is smooth with a medium green patina and weighs 1.34g.

NMGW-ED4F65: COIN
A copper alloy Roman nummus of Constantine II (AD 317-340), dating to the period AD 321-322 (Reece Period 16). BEATA TRANQVILLITAS reverse type, depicting globe on altar inscribed VOT/IS/XX; above, three stars. Mint of London. RIC VII Londinium 236.

NMGW-ED7091: COIN
An incomplete copper alloy Roman radiate of Tetricus I (AD 271-274), dating to the period AD 271-274 (Reece Period 13). LAETITIA AVG N reverse type, depicting Laetitia, draped, standing left, holding wreath in right hand and anchor in left hand. Gallic Mint II. Normanby 1510.

NMGW-ED891C: COIN
A copper alloy possible contemporary copy of a Roman nummus of the House of Constantine (AD 307-361), dating to the period AD 330-335 (Reece Period 17). Possibly Victory on prow [CONSTANTINOPOLIS] reverse type. Unclear mint. The obverse is very worn but the inscription might end ...MA, suggesting this might be a mule between the VRBS ROMA obverse and the CONSTANTINOPOLIS reverse.

NMGW-57D6D3: INGOT
A near-complete cast copper alloy ingot of possible Early Medieval date. The ingot is sub-oval in plan and section with straight sides and curved ends measuring 51.7mm in length and 12mm in width. Soft hammer marks are visible as irregularities in the thickness of the ingot. The thickest point of the ingot measures 5.8mm and tapers gradually towards the ends which measure 3.7mm and 4.1mm thick. The surface is plain and undecorated. The metal is a dark green patina with some spots of lighter green surface corrosion and weighs 20.32g. Similar objects are recorded on the PAS database e.g. NMGW-2E4E34, YORYM-E5E233 but lack of context makes securely dating copper alloy ingots difficult.

NMGW-590203: WEIGHT
A cast copper alloy Postmedieval trade weight of 17th century date (AD 1625-1685). The weight is circular in plan with a diameter of 25.1mm and thickness of 4.4mm. The face of the weight has three stamps: 1. a crowned letter C for Charles I or II; 2. a sword for the Sword of St. Paul for the city of London Guildhall, and 3; a ewer for the London Founder’s Company (Worshipful Company of Founders). The object weighs 11g which equals to 0.388 ounces. Similar objects are recorded on the PAS database e.g. NMGW-C94C43, LEIC-6E91AC, LEIC-44EFEE

NMGW-590DC7: TOKEN
A complete copper alloy trade token of Postmedieval date. Any diagnostic detail has been removed from surface corrosion. The object is brown in colour with patches of black on the front and covering most of the reverse. The diameter is 13.8mm with a thickness of 1.3mm and weighs 1.52g.

NMGW-6EDF67: STEELYARD
An incomplete copper alloy, lead and iron steelyard (scale with beam arms of unequal length) of Roman Date (c. AD43- c.AD 410). The Steelyard consists of six parts found together: an arm, two hooks, one double loop and two lead and iron weights. A lozenge sectioned arm 117.1mm long, marked with indistinct notched calibrations. One end of the arm terminates with slightly domed oval terminal knop (9.2mm by 7.9mm wide), while the other end has a 2.5mm thick plate with three lobes perforated with suspension loops. One loop is terminal (4mm internal diameter) and flanked by two notched projections, while the other two suspension loops are offset, projecting from the plate at opposite sides and ends of the terminal plate (3.5mm internal diameter). The innermost suspension loop contains a section of wire from Hook #1, which is stuck in the loop by corrosion product. These two offset loops correspond to the two different calibrations, which run along opposite points of the lozenge sectioned arm. Although corrosion has caused the loss of much of the original surface of the arm, the calibration marks are still visible especially on the finer one, where each notch is spaced by c. 1.5mm, a couple of V numerals are also visible as well as an I numeral. The steelyard arm has a slight lateral bend in the approximate centre, likely as a result of soil pressure. Weighs 20.51g. Hook #1 is made of a single length of wire, now broken, which has been inserted through the innermost suspension loop and wrapped back around itself with a 1&½ clockwise twist with the end inserted into the tie formed. Below this tie the wire expands into a flattened sheet 4.6mm wide and 1.2mm thick, which is recurved to form a suspension hook. It is 42.8mm long and weighs 2.3g. Hook #2 is made of a single length of wire, now broken at the top but with no missing sections. The wire has been inserted through the outermost suspension loop and wrapped back around itself with 3 clockwise twists with the end inserted into the tie formed. Below this tie the wire expands into a flattened sheet 4.5mm wide and 1.2mm thick, which is recurved to form a suspension hook. It is 42.8mm long and weighs 2.3g. Double loop made from two pieces of circular sectioned wire (1.5mm and 2mm thick) formed into terminal loops and their ends wrapped around one another and apparently hammered or soldered to fix them together. Both loops are broken. 38.7mm long, 6.1mm thick, weighs 2.63g Large lead weight, biconical with a flattened equatorial band 10-11mm wide. The corroded remains of an iron suspension loop are visible at one end of the weight. 44.5mm long, 40.2mm in diameter, weighs 337.7g. Small lead weight, biconical with corroded remains of iron suspension loops at both ends of the weight. 33.4mm long, 30.9mm in diameter, weighs 128.13g The copper alloy components of the steelyard are in good condition, with a dark brown to green patina, although lighter green areas of corrosion are present in patches. Much of the original surface of much of the arm is gone however, making reading of the calibration difficult. Similar steelyards have been recorded on the PAS database as WMID-049777, WMID-184456, BUC-6C3DB1 and BERK-AF6F54. A similar steelyard, complete with pan but missing its weights, was recovered from the Boudican destruction deposits in Colchester (See no. 2508, Crummy, 1983, p99) Reference: Crummy, N. 1983. The Roman small finds from excavations in Colchester. Colchester Archaeological Report 2. Colchester Archaeological Trust. Colchester.

NMGW-A902D4: BUCKLE
Medieval copper alloy buckle plate probably dating from the mid-14th or 15th century The buckle plate is fragmentary, represented by a single incomplete plate (with a surviving length of 36.4mm, a thickness of 0.4mm – 0.6mm and a weight of 3.0g). The plate is widest at the attachment end (at 18.6mm), with straight sides narrowing slightly to the break (at 16.2mm wide). The attachment end has pointed corners with convex ends to a central circular aperture (8.3mm diameter). The buckle plate was attached using two separate pins, either side of the aperture, one of which remains in place (1.7mm diameter and 4.5mm long). The plate is decorated with two rows filled with alternating squares of infilled rocker-arm between plain or sparsely decorated squares, one of which has a segmented saltire cross. The surface has a mid to dark-green patina.

NMGW-A95494: MOUNT
Early Medieval gilt copper alloy disc mount of Anglo Saxon style from a strap, possibly of a harness and of 6th to 7th century date The cast mount is of circular form (27.5mm diameter and 9.2g) and is near-complete, possibly missing part of the rear loops. The face of the mount has a flat thin border around the rim (2.0mm thick) before a circular rib, now corroded but possibly originally beaded. There is a weaker rib inside before six raised zoomorphic devices, possibly depicting running hares, all running in the same direction. Between the centre and the hares are six sets of three gently curved ribs, with overlapping ends, perhaps imitating a ‘weave’. The centre has a raised circle around a central pellet. The rear of the mount has four circular-sectioned integral lugs (of 2.2mm – 3.1mm diameter, 4.7mm – 6.5mm high and giving an overall depth of 8.4mm). It is possible that the lugs had a horizontal cross bar to help accommodate a strap. The rear has a number of discernible finishing striations running between the lugs. The surface has remnants of a dark-green patina and elsewhere is mid brown with gilding surviving over much of the recessed areas of the face.

NMGW-AA44FD: BOOK FITTING
Post medieval copper alloy book mount The mount is near complete, comprising two rectangular copper alloy plates and a separate perforated lug (with an overall plate length of 30.0mm and a weight of 6.6g). The top plate is larger (30.0mm x 22.0mm and 1.0mm thick) and has an integral hook at the end (5.1mm deep). The plate is decorated on the top face with an incised border, inside of which is a geometric motif composed of double lines of rocker-arm decoration arranged around a central axis with diagonals each side forming chevrons, but now worn and corroded. There is a smaller back-plate (giving a depth of 3.8mm) attached to the rear (24.0mm x 15.6mm). The plates are secured by a perforated lug, positioned behind the hook and a rivet at the opposite end. The lug is likely to been employed as a catch and has a circular sectioned rivet terminal securing the back-plate and penetrates the front plate (with a length of 10mm, a width of 5.4mm, a thickness of 2.0mm and a perforation diameter of 3.0mm). The rivet at the rear has a dome-head. The surface is worn with a mid to dark-green patina.

NMGW-1152AD: COIN HOARD
Description of Find The hoard discovered in 2018 consists of 69 Roman radiates dating from AD 260-274. The coins have been carefully cleaned to remove soil that was obscuring details, but the coins are in a poor condition with corrosion covering much of their surface. Several of the coins were fused together by corrosion product, but have been carefully separated to enable better identification. The surface patina that would preserve much of the detail of the obverse and reverse designs has been damaged or is completely missing on many of the coins, so it is not possible to date about half of the coins more precisely than this 24 year period. The presence of two contemporary copies of official coins of the deified Claudius II could indicate a deposition date of c. AD 275-285, when contemporary copies were produced in very large numbers. However, the apparent lack of other contemporary copies or official coins from post-AD 275 rulers does not rule out an earlier deposition date. The very close proximity of the 1998 Salem coin hoard, the similar condition of the coins (including coins fused together), the very similar composition and the scattered nature of the two finds indicates that they were originally buried together as one hoard. (A fragment of a post-medieval shoe buckle from the late-17th/early-18th century was reported with the coins. It was found in a neighbouring field and is not related to the coin hoard.) Summary: Central Empire Gallienus (sole reign AD 260-268) 3 Claudius II (AD 268-270) 3 Gallic Empire Victorinus (AD 269-271) 8 Tetricus I (AD 271-274) 13 Tetricus II (AD 272-274) 2 Uncertain Gallic Emperor (AD 260-274) 3 Uncertain Ruler Uncertain ruler (probably AD 260-274) 35 Irregular Divus Claudius (c. AD 270) 2 Total 69 Treasure Act considerations As ten or more copper alloy coins over 300 years old when found, the 69 radiates qualify as Treasure if they were originally associated in the ground. All the coins represented in this group are known to have been in circulation at the same time and coin hoards with similar compositions have been reported from across England and Wales, e.g. Welsh Treasure Case 2015.22 from Llanarth, Monmouthshire. The close concentration of coins, as well as the fact that several were stuck together, is a good indication that they were deposited together, and the proximity and similarity of the coins with those in the Salem Hoard, suggests that the two hoards are associated.

NMGW-A57A38: BROOCH
A cast copper alloy Roman brooch of Polden Hill type of 1st century AD date. The brooch is fragmentary missing the leg and pin (with a surviving length of 24mm) and one of the wing terminals (with a surviving width of 15mm). The spring would have fit inside the wings and secured between perforated lateral lugs on each end. A hook at the top of the head, now damaged, would have secured the chord. The surviving wing is expanded and angled to the rear. The sides of the head are decorated with a curved moulding (with a head width of 10.25mm) and continues down the bow before terminating in the break. The bow is D-shaped in section with straight sides that converge at the break. No other decoration is visible on the bow. The surface has a dark greyish green patina and weighs 5.11g. A parallel is illustrated in Hattatt 2000 (fig. 159 no. 379). Parallels are also found in the PAS database e.g. NMGW-A81DA6, NMGW-A6B0FB. Hattatt, R. 2000. A Visual Catalogue of Richard Hattatt’s Ancient Brooches. Oxford: Oxbow Books.

A copper alloy Roman nummus of Valens (AD 364-378), dating to the period AD 364-367 (Reece Period 19). SECVRITAS REI PVBLICAE reverse type, depicting Victory advancing left, holding wreath and palm. Mint of Arles.

A copper alloy contemporary copy of a Roman radiate or nummus of an uncertain ruler, dating to the period AD 260-402. Uncertain reverse type. Unclear mint. The flan is very small. This type of coin is often referred to as a "minim".

A copper alloy contemporary copy of a Roman nummus of an uncertain ruler, dating to the period AD 330-402. Possibly wolf and twins [VRBS ROMA] reverse type, but obverse shows unhelmeted head right. Unclear mint. The flan is very small. This type of coin is often referred to as a "minim".

A copper alloy Roman nummus of the House of Constantine (AD 307-361), dating to the period AD 335-340 (Reece Period 17). GLORIA EXERCITVS reverse type, depicting two soldiers and one standard. Unclear mint.

A copper alloy Roman nummus of Constans (AD 333-350), dating to the period AD 343-348 (Reece Period 17). VICTORIAE DD AVGGQ NN reverse type, depicting two Victories standing facing each other, holding wreaths. Unclear mint.

NMGW-39AA0E: COIN
An incomplete copper alloy contemporary copy of a Roman nummus of the House of Theodosius (AD 378-402), dating to the period AD 378-402 (Reece Period 20-21). VICTORIA AVGGG (or possibly CONCORDIA AVGGG) reverse type, possibly depicting Victory advancing left, holding wreath and palm. Copying mint of Trier.

NMGW-4D4D62: BUCKLE
An incomplete cast copper alloy double loop buckle of later Medieval or Post Medieval date (c.1400-1600 AD). The surface shows some corrosion and is broken at the integral bar; therefore, it is missing one of its loops. Presumably the buckle was originally circular or near-circular. The pin is still extant, consisting of a pointed strip bent around the bar. It measures 18.08mm in length and 12.32mm in width; and is 1.62 grams in weight.

NMGW-4D75E1: STRAP END
A complete copper alloy folded sheet strap end dating to the Medieval Period (c. 1270-1450 AD). The strap end is simple, being sheet of copper alloy folded widthways, and has a single rivet on one end fixed in the centre of the inside edge. Corrosion has led to the removal of some of the original surface, which is now patinated with a green- brown colour. It measures 13.12mm in length and 10.05mm in width; and 0.86g in weight.

NMGW-4D8E20: STRAP END
A fragmentary copper alloy strap end dating to the Medieval period. The remaining part is a sheet, which has suffered a great deal of wear and is bent in two separate areas. It has a single rivet hole at the centre of the inside edge of the sheet. Any decoration on this object is now obscured by the loss of the surface to abrasion and corrosion. The precise type of strap this sheet formed part of is uncertain, as it is missing diagnostic features necessary to identify the specific form, which would have helped date it more closely. The strap end measures 20.41mm in length, 11.34mm in width and weighs 1.37 grams.

NMGW-4D9D70: DRESS FASTENER (DRESS)
An incomplete copper alloy clothes fastener dating to the Post-Medieval period. The object is made in openwork style in the form of knotwork forming three loops, with a bar attached to the finials of the knots. The reverse of the object is flat and undecorated, while the obverse is decorated in moulded relief in the form of ropes/string with rose shaped finials. This fastener is 16.03mm in length and 15.97 mm in width; and 2.13 grams in weight.

NMGW-4DB531: BROOCH
A fragmentary copper alloy brooch dating to the Late Iron Age or Early Roman period (c. 50 BC to 70 AD). The brooch is a single fragment of the original object- the foot and pin are entirely absent, with only an incomplete section of bow and spring surviving. The bow is in the form of a strip ending in a transverse break, with parallel sides and small shoulders at the start of the spring. The outer surface of the bow has linear decoration. The remnant of the circular sectioned spring has a left handed twist, ending in a break at roughly 1 and 3/4 twist. While some diagnostic features necessary for firmly placing this brooch in a typology are missing, the surviving features are enough to suggest a Late Iron Age or Early Roman date, probably a brooch of Nauheim or Nauheim derivative type. The brooch has a green patina. It measures 16.92mm in length, 7.57mm in width and weighs 1.14g.

NMGW-E3C0FA: COIN
A cast copper alloy potin of the Kent Region/Cantiaci, dating to the Iron Age (c. 150-100 BC), Kentish Primary series 'Thurrock MA' type. Obverse: Head left (prototype: Apollo). Reverse: Butting bull right. As Rudd ABC, pg. 33, no. 120; BMC 660-666; VA 1406.

An incomplete cast copper alloy buckle of medieval date (c. 1150-1400 AD). The buckle consists only of an oval frame with offset narrowed bar. There is no evidence of a plate and the pin is missing. The outside edge of the frame is expanded, but not lipped (5.6mm wide) with a notch for the pin. The frame narrows to 2.5mm at the top and bottom edges of the frame before recurving to simple mouldings either side of the offset, narrowed bar (c. 1.6mm thick). The reverse of the frame has no mouldings or decoration, but does show possible use wear on the outside edge of the frame. The object bears a green patina. No.277 (pg 68-70, fig. 42) is a similar example in Egan and Pritchard (2002), found in a context dated to between 1350 and 1400.

NMGW-7835D2: BUCKLE
An incomplete cast copper alloy buckle of medieval date (c. 1150-1400 AD). The buckle consists only of an oval frame with offset narrowed bar and an ornate outside edge. There is no evidence of a plate and the pin is missing. The outside edge is decorated by four knops, two larger flanking and two smaller central separated by a groove, which forms the notch for the pin. The top and bottom edges of the frame are chamfered inside and out, and recurve to simple mouldings either side of the offset narrowed bar. The mouldings are executed on both the front and back of the frame, leaving the position of the bar as the only indicator of frontality. The object bears a dark patina. Nos.292 and 302 (pg 72-74, fig. 44) are similar examples in Egan and Pritchard (2002), found in contexts dated to between 1230-1260 and 1400-1450 respectively, although 302 is thought to be residual in that context.

An incomplete cast copper alloy buckle of medieval date (likely 14th century AD).The buckle consists only of a small rectangular frame with a narrowed bar and two grooves flanking the notch for the pin on the expanded outside edge. There is no evidence of a plate and the pin is missing. The frame is slightly trapezoidal, but with somewhat convex top and bottom edges. The top and bottom edges have a small ridge at each corner, which is typical of 14th century buckles. The object bears a dark patina, with small areas of the original green patinated surface.

NMGW-78446E: SWORD BELT
An incomplete copper alloy sword-belt hanger of Post Medieval date (16th -17th century AD). The object consists of a bilaterally symmetrical cast plate with lobed top, flared sides and a trilobate terminal. The top of the plate would have ended in a hook, which has broken off and is lost. The plate is decorated on the front surface with foliate “vine scroll” mouldings. The plate has two rivet holes, one at the top and the other at the bottom of the plate, still containing the corroded remnants of the iron rivets. The reverse is plain and undecorated. The object is somewhat worn, leaving the decoration a little indistinct. The object bears a green patina. These fittings are well recorded on the PAS database, such as BERK-18DC34, and BERK-D0AB56 (showing a fully intact set of hangers), and are typically dated to the 16th and 17th centuries AD.

NMGW-7853C8: FINGER RING
A cast copper alloy and glass finger ring of Medieval date. The Ring has a four clawed setting at the bezel holding a worn white gem, likely made of glass. The bezel is 8.9mm wide, 10.1mm long and 5mm thick. The setting is placed slightly off centre on the bezel, so projects perpendicular to the hoop by around 2mm. The hoop is roughly plano-convex in section and of uneven width, partially due to damage. The widest part of the hoop is to one side of the bezel (7.3mm), and the thickness is variable and uneven, being c. 1.6mm at the sides of the hoop and 2mm at the back. The internal diameter of the hoop varies between 18.2mm and 17.1mm. The ring has suffered corrosion, with much of the original surface of the metal and all of that of the glass now missing, leaving behind a pitted green patinated surface. A small patch of glossy dark original surface remains at the back of the hoop, in which file marks can be seen.

NMGW-786C76: STRAP FITTING
A complete cast copper alloy strap slide with internal projections of medieval date (c.1150-1400 AD). The object is slightly trapezoidal (23.4mm wide at the inside edge compared to 27.4mm at the outside), and rectangular in section. The outside edge is decorated- there are two non-identical knops at the corners of the edge, and two central paired knop mouldings. Two opposed internal projections near the inside edge. The maximum width for a strap through the base would have been 19.2mm. No.1260 (pg 233-234, fig. 149) is a similar example in Egan and Pritchard (2002).

NMGW-7873BE: STRAP FITTING
A complete cast copper alloy strap slide with internal projections of medieval date (c.1150-1400 AD). The object is slightly trapezoidal (17.6mm wide at the inside edge compared to 19.3mm at the outside). The object is undecorated. Two opposed internal projections near the inside edge. The maximum width for a strap through the base would have been 14.3mm. No.1258 (pg 233-234, fig. 149) is a similar example in Egan and Pritchard (2002).

A copper alloy Roman nummus of Constantine I (AD 306-337), dating to the period AD 319-320 (Reece Period 16). VICTORIAE LAETAE PRINC PERP reverse type, depicting Two Victories, winged, draped, standing facing each other, holding a shield inscribed VOT/PR supported by an altar. Mint of Trier. The surface of the coin still shows areas of silvering.

A copper alloy Roman nummus of Constans (AD 333-350), dating to the period AD 347-348 (Reece Period 17). VICTORIAE DD AVGGQ NN reverse type, depicting two Victories, winged, draped, standing front, facing each other, each holding wreath in right hand and palm in left hand. Mint of Trier. RIC VIII Treveri 199.

NMGW-34606D: COIN
A copper alloy Roman as of Domitian (AD 81-96), dating to the period AD 90-96 (Reece Period 4). VIRTVTI AVGVSTI S C reverse type depicting Virtus standing right, resting foot on helmet, holding spear and parazonium. Mint of Rome. RIC II, Part 1 (second edition) Domitian 709, 757 or 810.

NMGW-43A0D7: COIN
A copper alloy Roman sestertius of Marcus Aurelius as Augustus (AD 161-180), dating to the period AD 170-171 (Reece Period 8). COS III S C reverse type, depicting Mars, helmeted, naked except for cloak flying behind, advancing right, holding spear in right hand and trophy over left shoulder in left hand. Mint of Rome. RIC III Marcus Aurelius 992.

A copper alloy Roman nummus of Constantine II (AD 317-340), dating to the period AD 323-324 (Reece Period 16). CAESARVM NOSTRORVM reverse type, depicting VOT/X within a laurel wreath. Mint of Lyon. RIC VII Lugdunum 217.

A copper alloy Roman nummus of Theodora (AD 337-340), dating to the period AD 337-340 (Reece Period 17). PIETAS - ROMANA reverse type, depicting Pietas, draped, standing front, head right, carrying an infant at her breast in right hand. Mint of Trier. RIC VIII Treveri 56, 79 or 91.

A copper alloy Roman radiate of Postumus (AD 260-269), dating to the period AD 260-268 (Reece Period 13). LAETITIA - AVG reverse type, depicting galley, left, without sails, with four rowers and steersmen. Mint of Lyon. RIC V Postumus 73

NMGW-47D5B4: MOUNT
Late Iron Age enamelled copper alloy stud or decorative mount, probably of mid to late 1st century AD date The cast mount is of sub-circular, D-shaped form and is incomplete, possibly cut-down in antiquity (with a depth of 9.1mm, a diameter of 35.1mm and a weight of 21.2g). The rear of the object had a central rounded projection, gradually widening towards the base. The edge of the rear is raised with a rim (1mm wide, 1.8mm - 2.0mm high and 4.4mm deep). The front of the mount is near-flat with recessed cells to hold enamel. Along the edge are two 'trumpet' cells flanking the rounded arm terminations of a triskele device, which has incised marks forming a trumpet spiral encircling a circular pellet filled with red enamel. Although only two or the triskele arms are present the incised curve defining the terminal of the third is evident between the centre of the mount and the straight edge. At the centre of the mount is a circled tricorne, comprising a circle, sub-divided by a central concave-sided Y-shaped rib into three cells. One of the cells contains remnants of red enamel, while another has a bright blue deposit, probably a corrosion product. The straight edge is not a break and has removed approximately one-third of the mount. The surface is corroded and pitted with remnants of a dark-brown patina and bright green corrosion. The object is likely to be a decorative mount or similar, which appears to have been truncated and modified for a secondary use in antiquity. A graphic reconstruction of the decoration corresponds closely with the surviving elements. The red enamel appears to be of 'sealing wax' type, characteristic of Iron Age enamelling and the form of Celtic art is of Styles 5 - 6, suggesting a mid to late 1st century AD date. It is unclear what the mount or stud decorated and may have decorated at least two different objects but may have adorned a harness or chariot fitting or a vessel.

NMGW-4811C9: DIRK
Late Bronze Age dirk of Penard or Wallington metalworking Industry, dated to c. 1300 - 1000BC The cast dirk is complete but now distorted across the mid blade (with a distorted length of 282mm, a straightened length of approximately 288mm and a weight of 94.4g). The butt is flat-topped, slightly angled (23.0mm wide and 1.8mm thick). There are two rivet notches beneath the butt and on the sides (of 8.5mm diameter, with their midpoints 9.6mm beneath the butt and giving a minimum butt width of 17.5mm). There is no clear hilt mark but there is the suggestion of a curving mark from the top of the blade on the sides and arcing down onto the midrib. Beneath the rivet notches, the sides of the butt are straight and near parallel (with a width of 10.2mm where the butt has a thickness of 4.6mm), before converging at the top of the blade (with a width of 17mm and where the dirk has a maximum thickness of 5.0mm). The sides of the blade are near-straight and gradually convergent before narrowing to the tip. The blade has a flattened mid-section rib (6.5mm wide). The blade facets are concave (4mm - 6mm wide) and the original blade edge is eroded and now lost. There is differential wear on one side, above the tip (for approximately 10cm above the tip). The dirk has a black patina, well preserved over much of the blade but lost at the position of the interior bend, perhaps suggesting the damage to the blade occurred post-deposition. Otherwise the blade has a grey-green to pale-brown corrosion. The weapon is of Group IV and the hilt form and blade profile would suggest a Type Appleby dirk, as defined by Burgess and Gerloff (1981, p. 74)[1]. The rectangular form to the butt with upright sides would further suggest 'Variant Barnes' (ibid. p 76-7) of Type Appleby. However it is unclear whether the notches are cast into the hilt or the weapon was damaged and reworked from rivet holes. If the notches were original, then it may suggest a slightly later weapon of Type Stuntey, or similar, although these types often have more trapezoidal butt forms. [1] Burgess C.B. & Gerloff S., 1981; The Dirks and Rapiers of Great Britain and Ireland, Praähistorische Bronzefunde Abteilung IV. Band 7.

NMGW-AA09AB: HOOK
Copper alloy suspension loop from an uncertain object, possibly of late medieval date The loop is of sub-oval form, pointed at the apex (with a length of 26.9mm and a weight of 1.7g) and is of consistent sub-rectangular section (4.1mm wide and 1.9mm thick). The loop is decorated with cast ornament, which respects the form of the loop and indicates that the loop is not a deformed ring and is symmetrical through the centre. Either side of the apex is a double grooved border before an elongated panel with a grooved border, weakening towards the base. At the widest point of the loop (17.7mm wide), near the base is a chevron before another double-groove. The sides of the loop have been enhanced with closely-spaced diagonal notches. The sides of the base have some degree of wear but there is little wear evident at the apex. The surface has a dark-green patina.

NMGW-DE0401: BRIDLE BIT
An incomplete cast copper alloy openwork domed bridle boss of post-medieval date (c.AD 1675-1750). The fitting is circular in plan (max diameter 61mm) with a raised central dome (10.2mm high and 25.6mm diameter) and flat openwork border 3mm thick extending 20mm from the dome. The centre of the dome depicts an anthropomorphic face with curly hair. The outer border is decorated with a floral motif and 6 surviving semi-oval spaces of unequal size. The central space below the face is circular (4.7mm diameter) with iron corrosion all around, suggesting it was fastened to the bridle with an iron nail or rivet. It is likely that the break above the head once had a circular space for another rivet or fitting. The reverse is flat, undecorated and the central dome is concave. The object weighs 19.6g and is a medium green patina with a patch of dark orange iron corrosion below the boss.

NMGW-58C8B1: MIRROR CASE
Medieval copper alloy cased mirror of late 13th or 14th century date The mirror case is fragmentary, represented by less than half of one of the discs, with the hinge present but the single lug missing (with a surviving length of 30.6mm, a diameter of approximately 29mm, a depth of 4.0mm and a weight of 2.7g). The hinge has a double lug (5.5mm long, 4.6mm deep, 0.9mm thick and with an internal diameter of 2.7mm) one of which has broken through the perforation. The edge has a flange (1.6mm high and giving a depth of 3.0mm) and the face was convex (0.5mm thick at the break), now distorted. The faces were decorated with a central line and four arcs arranged around the edge. Only one complete arc now survives on the fragment. The line and arcs are defined by punched triangles on each side of the line. The interior has a pale-grey-green corrosion deposit, perhaps with remnants of an adhesive to secure the missing glass. The exterior surface has a dark-green patina, with patches of bright green corrosion. The cased mirror can be closely paralleled with three examples excavated in London (Egan & Pritchard, 1991, p 361-2, nos. 1714-6)[1], all from contexts dating from 1270 to 1350. [1] Egan G. & Pritchard F. 1991; Medieval Finds from Excavations in London: 3; Dress Accessories; Museum Of London

NMGW-59415E: MOUNT
Copper alloy fitting, probably an Early Medieval stirrup mount of 11th century date The cast mount is incomplete, missing the end with the projecting ledge (with a length of 40.8mm and a weight of 6.0g). The mount is hollowed, of U-shaped section (with an internal diameter of 4.8mm), probably to enclose the arm of the stirrup. The interior of the mount has iron corrosion around the broken end and traces of silver-coloured solder around the intact end. The complete terminal has a bulbous collar (8.5mm x 7.3mm and 2.8mm thick) before a raised curtain moulding. There is a decorative spherical moulding near the mid-part (8.7mm diameter) enhanced with grooves. The damaged end has another curtain moulding before a shorter swelling at the terminal. Both sides are damaged around the terminal. The surface is heavily-corroded with remnants of a dark-brown patina and patches over pale-green corrosion over the light-brown surface. The mount may be a little slender at 5mm to enclose a stirrup arm and the lack of a diagnostic feature, such as the ledge makes the identification uncertain. However, the ribbed moulding and collar are consistent with examples illustrated by Williams (1997)[1]. [1] Williams, D.; 1997; Stirrup Terminals; The finds Research Group AD700-1700, Datasheet 24

NMGW-6F7DE1: UNIDENTIFIED OBJECT
Copper alloy anthropomorphic cast head of uncertain date The solid cast head is complete but has broken around the neck (with a surviving length of 39.5mm and a weight of 112.6g). The head is crudely but skilfully moulded and was clearly cast from a clay or wax pattern, as evidenced by the soft ‘plastic’ moulding marks. The head is of an older male and is depicted without hair and the ears are evident as curved raised wedges. The raised brows are particularly prominent as is the wide and clearly defined nose. The recessed eyes are outlined with grooves and with a central indentation. The mouth is straight and smudged on the upper lip. The chin and cheeks are rounded and raised. The jaw line is defined by a clear ridge above the neck. The neck is oval (17.7mm 15.0mm and 2.1mm – 3.8mm thick) and had a hollow interior. The surface has a dark-green patina with patches of a black coating surviving. The cast head has few diagnostic features and is difficult to date. Steelyard weights of Roman date sometimes depict human heads and deities, although this example appears more contemporary in terms of its decorative style and is perhaps more likely to be a fragment of a decorative item of post medieval or early modern date.

NMGW-6FAC44: BROOCH
Roman copper ally bow brooch of Polden Hill type and of 1st century AD date The brooch is fragmentary, represented by the head and upper bow (with a surviving length of 23.2mm, a surviving depth of 12.2mm and a weight of 7.1g). The missing spring was secured between perforated lateral lugs (with a width of 19.9mm and a diameter of 18.5mm) and the chord was tensioned by a damaged lug at the head. The ends of the wings are decorated with pairs of incised lines. The top of the bow had curved mouldings on the side, now worn (giving a width of 9.0mm). The top of the bow is of D-shaped section with straight sides converging to the break (with a thickness of 3.5mm, 2.2mm at the break where the bow has a width of 3.2mm). The bow was decorated with a double rib, which converges at the head and probably extended to a midrib along the bow. The rear of the bow is flat and has broken above the beginning of the catch-plate. The surface is worn with a dark-brown patina.

NMGW-AF7A4A: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin House of Constantine nummus, irregular GLORIA EXERCITVS; one standard type 13mm, 0.82g, incomplete and corroded

NMGW-AF8CDA: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Valens (AD 364-18) bronze SECVRITAS REIPVBLICAE; Victory facing left Uncertain mint 1.86g, corroded

NMGW-AFD05C: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin House of Valentinian (c. AD 364-78) bronze SECVRITAS REIPVBLICAE; Victory facing left Uncertain emperor and mint 2.05g, corroded

NMGW-AFE398: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin House of Valentinian (c. AD 364-78) bronze SECVRITAS REIPVBLICAE; Victory facing left Uncertain emperor and mint 1.91g, corroded

NMGW-AFF10B: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin House of Theodosius bronze (after AD 388) VICTORIA AVGG type; uncertain emperor and mint 0.85g, corroded

NMGW-B000BF: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin House of Theodosius bronze (after AD 388) Uncertain emperor, mint and reverse type 0.87g, corroded

NMGW-C33BBA: SEAL MATRIX
Medieval copper alloy seal matrix of 13th or 14th century date The seal matrix is of pointed-oval form and is complete (with a length of 31.4mm, a width of 19.7mm, a thickness of 2.5mm and a weight of 7.6g). The rear is flat with an integral loop at the apex (giving an overall depth 6.9mm, 3.7mm wide and 3.3mm perforation diameter), from which a midrib descends, gradually weakening towards the base. The central device on the seal die depicts a standing figure in side view, facing right (from the perspective of the impression). The figure, probably a cleric has his hands raised in front of him, in prayer. The cleric is facing a rectangular structure, possibly an alter or lectern decorated with central, vertical parallel grooves, flanked by diagonal grooves. At the top is a curved item, probably a chalice. The cleric is clothed in drapery, extending to the floor, with his angled feet evident at the base. The cleric appears to be wearing a form of skullcap, perhaps a zucchetto. There is the suggestion of a device above the hands, possibly representing the sacrament. The encircling legend appears to read: * S' DECANA * DE WESTV

NMGW-C36D45: FINGER RING
Copper alloy finger-ring of uncertain date The cast finger-ring is complete (with a length of 21.1mm, a width of 21.9mm, an internal diameter of 18mm - 19mm and a weight of 5.7g). The hoop is of D-shaped section, of consistent width before widening at the shoulders (with a width of 4.0mm and a thickness of 1.3mm). The shoulders are also of D-shaped section, widening to the bezel with no decoration discernible. The bezel is oval (17.0mm long and 14.6mm wide), with a recessed beaded border. Inside of which, much of the bezel is not decorated with only two converging depressions near the centre, forming a crude V. It is possible the cells once contained a setting or enamel. The surface is corroded with a dark-brown patina surviving in places.

NMGW-C3BE90: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch, probably of Polden Hill / T-shaped type and of 1st or 2nd century AD date The brooch is incomplete missing the spring, catch-plate and foot (with a length of 46.5mm, a surviving depth of 9.1mm and a weight of 3.4g). It is likely that the missing spring was secured between the missing lugs at the ends of the truncated wings (with a surviving width of 39.0mm and a length of 7.6mm). The wings are convex and were decorated with ribbing. The bow is of sub-circular section (5.0mm wide at the head). The bow gradually narrows towards the break on the lower leg. There is the suggestion that the bow may have been decorated with a midrib, now corroded. The remnants of the catch-plate are evident on the rear of the leg, which is of flat section. The surface has a bright green patina overlying a dark-brown corrosion.

NMGW-D89D4D: BUCKLE
Medieval copper alloy buckle of 14th to 16th century date The buckle has an oval frame with ornate outside edge and a solid, integral plate and is missing the pin (with a slightly distorted length of 46.3mm and a weight of 16.5g). The outside edge is expanded and of sub-circular section with protruding rounded ends (giving a length of 26.3mm, a diameter of 6.6mm - 7.4mm). At the centre of the outside edge is a notch for the missing pin. The sides of the frame are convex and of slender rectangular section (with a maximum width to the frame of 28.3mm and with a section of 2.2mm wide and 4.5mm thick). The pin was secured within a circular perforation (4.5mm diameter). The plate is of sub-rectangular form (21.2mm long, 19.0mm wide and 3.5mm thick), with recessed corners. The plate was secured using two separate rivets near the midpoint of each side (3.8mm diameter). The buckle is corroded but remnants of transverse ribbing is evident on the plate near the frame. The surface has been stripped to a red-brown metal, underlying traces of a pale to mid-green patina. Compare Whitehead (2003, 35) no. 205

NMGW-D9AA4E: PLATE BROOCH
Roman copper alloy enamelled plate brooch of Lozenge form and of 2nd century AD date The cast brooch is incomplete, missing the pin and the peripheral side lugs (with a length of 27.5mm, a surviving width of 16.1mm and a weight of 2.8g). The missing pin hinged between twin lugs (giving an overall depth of 9.5mm) on the top of the rear of the brooch. At the base is the catch-plate (6.6mm long, 3.4mm high), extending on the rear of the peripheral lug. Between the hinge and catch-plate the rear has a circular hollowing. The front of the brooch is of stepped lozenge form (with a height of 5.5mm) and is likely to have had a peripheral lug at each corner but is now missing the two side lugs. The surviving lugs are of oval form, with no surviving decoration or recessed cells. At the base is a plain border before the two convergent steps to the lozenge-shaped cell at the apex (8.6mm long and 6.9mm wide). The cell contains remnants of a green-blue or turquoise enamel. The surface is corroded with a pale-grey deposit (probably a waxy coating applied by the finder) over the dark-green to brown patina.

NMGW-D9CA3B: TOGGLE
Copper alloy toggle fitting, possibly of Roman date The cast toggle appears to be complete and has a knop on each side of a slotted panel (with a length of 32.0mm and a weight of 4.0g). The terminal knops are of flattened, sub-spherical form (with a length of 5.2mm and a diameter of 7.4mm). No decoration is now evident on the knops. The central section is flat sectioned (2.5mm thick), with convex sides, one of which is more elongated than the other (producing a maximum width of 13.0mm). Near the centre is a rectangular slot (5.9mm x 3.7mm). The central area is also not decorated. The surface is heavily-corroded and pitted. It is now unclear the function and date of the toggle, the fitting is of different form to dress fasteners of toggle type and the object resembles guards from bladed weapons but is substantially too small.

NMGW-D9ECCE: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of Polden Hill type and 1st to 2nd century AD date The brooch is incomplete, missing the spring and leg (with a surviving length of 26.8mm, a surviving depth of 8.5mm and a weight of 4.5g). The missing spring was accommodated within semi-tubular wings, with the missing axis bar secured at the ends (with a width of 17.3mm and a diameter of 6.4mm). A damaged stub at the head represents the remains of a lug or hook to tension the chord. The top of the bow is of D-shaped section (10.6mm wide and 4.8mm thick), with straight sides converging to the break. Corrosion has removed much of the decorative detail on the bow but there is the suggestion of a midrib, possibly in sunken relief and diagonal side ribs, possibly forming interrupted chevrons along the sides of the bow. There is no evidence for the beginning of the catch-plate on the rear of the bow. The corroded surface has a partially preserved brown-green patina and elsewhere is pale-green.

NMGW-ECF9A3: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of Trumpet type and of 1st or 2nd century AD date The brooch is incomplete, missing the pin and lower part of the leg (with a surviving length of 35.5mm, a surviving depth of 17.0mm and a weight of 9.1g). The missing pin appears to have been hinged, rather than sprung, as is more usual on Trumpet brooches. At the rear of the head is a groove to accommodate the axis bar and at the centre a square recess to allow the pin to hinge. The hinge was likely to have been enclosed but is now truncated. The trumpet head is oval (16.8mm wide and 11.4mm long) and now heavily corroded and pitted, which has removed any decoration. There is the suggestion of a recess adjacent to the top edge. The top of the bow appears to have been of sub-triangular section and may have had a grooved border at the head (9mm wide and 7.4mm thick). Corrosion has also removed the decoration from the upper bow. The button was of acanthus form and extends onto the rear of the bow. The leg is of triangular section and the corroded remnants of the start of the catch-plate are evident on the rear. The leg had a decorative midrib but other detail has been lost. The original surface has been lost and now has a pale-green corrosion.

NMGW-029A59: BUCKLE
Medieval copper alloy oval framed buckle with roller, probably of 14th or 15th century date The buckle frame is complete but missing the pin and possibly a separate plate and is comparatively small (with a length of 18.9mm, a width of 17.4mm and a weight of 2.7g). The outside edge of the frame is ornate and is of sub-circular section (4.2mm thick, 5.0mm wide and 15.0mm long). The ends protrude slightly and have a rounded point. The centre is narrowed to accommodate the separate sheet copper alloy roller, enhanced with three raised ribs, which are flanked by punched marks. The sides of the frame are convex and of sub-rectangular section (1.8mm wide and 2.7mm thick). The bar is of off-set and narrowed and is of sub-square section. The buckle frame has a dark-green surface patina, corroded bright green while the roller has a dark-green patina.

NMGW-554816: HARNESS PENDANT
Medieval copper alloy harness pendant of 12th to 14th century date The harness pendant is of quatrefoil form and is complete but is missing the suspension mount (with an overall length of 37.9mm and a weight of 11.4g). The suspension lug is oval (7.8mm long, 6.5mm deep and 1.2mm - 2.1mm thick) and has split at the apex. At the centre of the lug is a circular perforation (2.4mm diameter). The quatrefoil pendant (29.5mm long, 30.3mm wide and 2.5mm thick) has a gentle convexity across both its length and width. The device on the pendant is comparatively detailed and is probably not heraldic, defined in gilt and surrounded with blue enamel. The pendant depicts a crude standing or walking figure on the left of the field. The figure is holding a flexed bow with arrow. The rear of the arrow and its trefoil flight extend behind the figure. Another trefoil flight is evident and possible a quiver are evident to the rear of the figure. There is a vertical device at the centre of the pendant, probably a tree, with its foliage in the top lobe but now obscured by corrosion. The corrosion also appears to overlie the head of the figure. On the left of the pendant is a stag is depicted in side view, facing to the left. The stag has large antlers facing to the rear and an arrow is depicted though the stag's neck with the tip of the arrow extending nearly to the edge of the pendant. The rear of the pendant is slightly concave and is without decoration and has a mid-green patina. The front of the pendant has a mid-green corrosion where the gilding has been lost and a pale-brown encrusted corrosion near the top.

NMGW-56F56E: SEAL MATRIX
Medieval copper alloy seal matrix of 13th or 14th century date The cast seal matrix is complete with a hexagonally-faceted handle, surmounted with a loop and with a circular seal die (with an overall length of 24.5mm and a weight of 8.9g). The apex of the loop (6.0mm wide and 2.4mm thick) has a central pointed projection above the circular perforation (3.0mm diameter). The loop is separated from the handle by a double-rib (, defined by flanking grooves. The circular die (20.7mm diameter) has a beaded border either side of the legend and an unusual central device. The device is largely confined to the upper half of the field and appears to depict a dog -like beast is side profile, facing to the left (from the perspective of the impression). The beast has its mouth open and a segmented body. The legs and feet are depicted beneath, probably running. Above, or riding the beast is a figure with long ears projecting to the rear, probably a hare or rabbit. The hare appears to be blowing a downward facing, curved horn. It is possible that the device is intended to be a comic illustration of a hare riding a running hound during a hunt. The encircling legend reads: * S' ODOVROBIN; sprig Indicating the seal is likely to be a personal seal, perhaps of Odou Robin(?) The surface is pitted with a mid to dark-green patina

NMGW-B1513C: MOUNT
Late Iron Age to Roman bronze enamelled vessel mount, probably of 1st century BC to 2nd century AD date The cast mount is likely to be zoomorphic and is of sub-triangular form with a convex profile to accommodate the vessel curvature (suggesting a diameter of 140mm and with a weight of 31.4g) and is now incomplete and fragmentary, in two pieces. The mount is widest at the top edge (with a length of 50.6mm where it has a rim thickness of 3.5mm) and has broken through an attachment rivet at one corner. The rivet on the opposite side is broken but remains in place (with a diameter of 3.7mm). A third attachment rivet was located near the centre of the mount (4.0mm diameter, positioned 14.8mm below the top edge). It is possible that the rivets were decorative and dome-headed. The sides of the mount are convergent to a point (with a conjoined length of 43.1mm), perhaps originally with a gentle curve but now damaged. Above the point is a projecting and downward curving handle lug, perhaps slightly truncated (with a length of 18.6mm and giving an overall depth of 21.7mm) but unlikely to have formed a loop. The lug is oval sectioned with straight convergent sides (13.6mm wide and 9mm thick at its apex). The mount is decorated with an incised curvilinear motif around circular enamelled cells and symmetrical around the central vertical axis. Some of the design is now truncated and corroded but appears to have comprised a double angular rib defined by flanking grooves, probably forming a trumpet or droplet motif with the circular enamelled cell in the wider end. The enamel cells (of 8mm diameter) are of red enamel probably 'sealing wax' composition but contain a central pellet of dark-blue glass. The blue enamel is now raised above both the surrounding enamel and the copper alloy. The circular cells may have been intended to be zoomorphic eyes, staring from the mount and with the handle lug as a beak or stylised snout. The rear of the mount is undecorated. The surface is heavily-corroded and pitted with a mid, 'olive' green patina. Vessel mounts of this form are not a commonly recovered artefact type and the handle lug is an unusual feature. It is possible that the mount with integral lug may be an unusual variation of tankard handles of contemporary date. The diameter of the vessel is similar to the diameter of tankards but handle lugs would be required on each side of the vessel rather than a single handle. It is possible, although unlikely that the mount is more heavily truncated or reworked and originally formed a handle. It is possible that the lug is a decorative feature, similar to decorative 'beaks' on Birdlip type brooches of 1st century AD date. The use of both red enamel probably favoured in the Iron Age and blue glass of Romanised technology, reinforces the suggested Late Iron Age to Early Roman date for the mount. An Iron Age to Roman vessel mount, recorded as a tankard mount, without a handle or lug was recovered from Chitterne in Wiltshire and recorded with PAS (BERK-A9109A).

NMGW-DE60E1: JEWS HARP
An incomplete cast copper alloy “Jew’s Harp” of post medieval date (c.AD 1500-1800). The object is lozenge in cross section, broken in half with one surviving prong that tapers to a rounded point at the end. The break is likely at the point where the rabbat (notch) would have held the iron tongue, which is now missing. The object is a mid green patina with an overall length of 58.5mm, 11.3mm wide, 6.3mm thick and weighs 7.5g. These are small musical instruments that are played by holding the frame in the mouth against the lips or teeth. The mouth cavity is used as a resonator when the prong is plucked, which creates a sound. Egan (1998: 284) described this form of harp as being from post-medieval contexts from excavations in London. Similar objects are recorded on the PAS database: LVPL-3758D2, SUSS-83CE3A Reference: Egan, G. 1998."The Medieval Household Daily Living c. 1150 - c. 1450". Medieval Finds from Excavations in London: 6. 284. London: The Stationery Office.

NMGW-C77300: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of Polden Hill type and of 1st or early 2nd century AD date The cast brooch is heavily-corroded and incomplete missing the leg and pin and is a comparatively small example (with a surviving length of 26.0mm. a surviving depth of 13.3mm and a weight of 2.9g). The copper alloy spring is secured between lateral lugs, around a copper alloy axis bar. The chord is tensioned by a hook at the head. There is the suggestion of vertical grooves on the short wings (with a width of 14.2mm and a diameter of 5.5mm). The square-sectioned head (4.7mm x 6.2mm) projects forward before the perpendicular turn at the top of the bow. The bow is of D-shaped section with straight sides, gradually converging to the break on the leg. Corrosion has obscured detail of the decoration on the bow but there appears to have been a central groove flanked by transverse mouldings. The truncated remnants of the top of the catch-plate are evident on the rear of the leg. The corrosion is pale-green with remnants of a mid-green patina.

NMGW-514BF3: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of unusual type, probably a T-shaped derivative of later 1st or 2nd century date The brooch is fragmentary, represented by the head and upper bow only (with a surviving length of 25.6mm and a weight of 8.9g). The hinged pin has broken below the loop and was secured within semi-tubular wings, now truncated (with a diameter of 4.2mm and a surviving width of 31.7mm). At the head is a flange (8.1mm wide and with a surviving height of 4.7mm above the bow) above a stepped moulding, possibly the remnants of a larger head-plate. The top of the rectangular-sectioned bow projects forward (to a surviving depth of 16mm) before turning downwards above the break. The sides of the bow are straight and near-parallel (with a width of 18.2mm and a thickness of 2mm), converging slightly to the break. The underside of the bow is curved while the upper face is faceted at the turn downwards. The upper part of the bow is undecorated while below the turn the brooch is decorated with border ribs and a central rib, each of which is enhanced with a central groove with punched decoration, now corroded. There is a faceted ridge between the ribs. There is no evidence for a catch-plate on the rear of the bow. The brooch is of unusual form, the hinged pin can be paralleled on T-shaped brooches but the deeply-arched and wide bow is very unusual. The possible wide head-plate is a further unusual feature.

NMGW-D507C7: COIN
A copper alloy Iron Age struck bronze unit of the South Western Region / Durotriges dating to c. 50 BC - c. AD 40 (Hod Hill Type). Obverse: Wreath, cloak and crescents. Reverse: Disjointed horse left, rectangular head, body of crescents, four vertical legs, pellet below, many pellets above. As ABC 2175, VA 1290, BMC 2790-2859. 17mm. 2.35g.

NMGW-FB999C: COIN
An incomplete copper alloy possible contemporary copy of a Roman nummus of Constantine I (AD 306-337) or Constantine II (AD 317-340), dating to the period AD 330-335 (Reece Period 17). Victory on prow [CONSTANTINOPOLIS] reverse type. Unclear mint. The coin is a mule: the obverse of Constantine I or II and the reverse of the CONSTANTINOPOLIS type.

NMGW-F295B5: COIN
A copper alloy post medieval Irish farthing of James II (1685-1691), minted in Limerick in 1691. Limerick was beseiged by William of Orange's troops in 1690-1691, during the Williamite War. Coins like this were struck over earlier 'gunmoney' shillings, which were official token coins issued by the Jacobites. Gunmoney was intended to be exchanged for sterling silver once the war was won.

NMGW-A661D8: SEAL MATRIX
Medieval copper alloy seal matrix of 12th or 13th century date The seal matrix is incomplete, missing the terminal loop and with peripheral damage and is heavily-corroded (with a surviving length of 18.6mm and a weight of 7.1g). The missing loop was surmounted on a circular-sectioned handle with a rounded swelling below the loop (9.3mm diameter and 4.5mm diameter below). There appears to have been a circular perforation (1mm diameter) through the widest part of the handle and containing iron, perhaps indicating a chain loop was attached to the handle, possibly as a repair after the integral loop broke. No applied decoration is evident on the handle. The seal die is near-flat, slightly bevelled towards the edges (with a thickness of 3mm) and is circular and is now corroded around the edges (with a maximum diameter of 18.3mm). The central device depicts a larger bird feeding a smaller bird probably representing ‘The Pelican in her Piety’. The bird is depicted, with a ribbed body and with wings pointing to the rear. The long neck is projecting downwards adjacent to the head o0f the smaller bird. The encircling legend is almost entirely lost with only the basal parts of three letters surviving towards the end of the legend. The surface has a pale-brown to dark-green corrosion.

A complete cast copper alloy Middle Iron Age brooch dating to c.400-275 BC. The brooch is a La Tène type 1 brooch and is cast as one piece consisting of a bow, catchplate, head with spring and pin. The head is a unilateral four coiled spring around a separate central axis bar and functions as a hinge mechanism. The pin is integrated with the pin projecting downwards from the inner right-hand side coil, with a length of 34.5mm. The other terminal of the spring develops into the bow. The undecorated bow measures 27.5mm in length and is D-shaped in profile, bevelled on either side with a slightly flattened obverse surface and a flat reverse surface. The bow is widest at the centre (4.6mm wide, 2.6mm thick) and tapers towards the catchplate and foot (1.5mm wide, 1.2mm thick). The catchplate is sub-rectangular and solid in form. The foot (7.9mm long, 3mm wide, 1.5mm thick) curls back on itself and terminates with a curved lip. Other contemporary brooches have decorated foot returns, but no break is evident. The object is a dark green patina with a maximum length of 44.7mm, width 14mm, thickness 8.5mm and weighs 8.04g.

NMGW-4FB785: COIN
An incomplete copper alloy Roman nummus of the House of Constantine (AD 307-361), dating to the period AD 332-333 (Reece Period 17). Victory on prow [CONSTANTINOPOLIS] reverse type. Mint of Trier. RIC VII Treveri 543.

NMGW-91C9A2: COIN
A copper alloy Roman sestertius of Marcus Aurelius (AD 161-180), dating to the period AD 168-171 (Reece Period 8). SALVTI AVG COS III S C reverse type, depicting Salus, draped, standing left, feeding out of patera in right hand snake coiled round altar and holding sceptre in left hand. Mint of Rome. RIC III, p. 290, no. 964, p. 292, no. 979, or p. 293, no. 1009.

NMGW-81A0EF: COIN
A copper alloy Roman nummus of Constantine I (AD 306-337), dating to AD 318-324 (Reece Period 16). VICTORIAE LAETAE PRINC PERP reverse type, depicting two Victories standing facing each other, holding shield inscribed VOT / PR, supported by column. Unclear mint.

A copper alloy Roman nummus of the House of Valentinian (AD 364-378), dating to the period AD 364-378 (Reece Period 19). SECVRITAS REI PVBLICAE reverse type, depicting Victory advancing left, holding wreath and palm. Unclear mint.

NMGW-062843: JETTON
Late medieval copper alloy jetton Probably of French or Tournai origin and of early 15th century date VIVE LE ROI . VIVE AMOVRS Long live the king . Long live love

NMGW-1C87EE: BROOCH
Early medieval cast copper alloy brooch of Early Anglo Saxon saucer type and of 5th or 6th century AD date The brooch is incomplete missing the pin and fittings and much of the rim and is a comparatively substantial example (with a maximum surviving diameter of 42.0mm, a maximum surviving depth of 7.5mm and a weight of 30.6g). Only a small part of the rim survives (30mm long, giving a depth of 7.2m and a height of 4.2mm). There is an undecorated border at the base of the rim except for the suggestion of punched dots on the inner edge of the border. Inside the border is a loosely-repeating incised geometric motif, perhaps of 'Coherent' Salin's Style I. The motif depicts three repeating stylised birds in anticlockwise procession, probably water-birds and perhaps ducks. The three birds are depicted swimming or seated in side profile around the central roundel. The circular eyes are comparatively large in sunken relief. Grooved fields to the rear of the head may depict wings. A lozenge separates each of the birds and runs from the outside border to the central roundel. The central roundel (9.5mm diameter) is not decorated. The reverse of the brooch has the stub from the single pierced lug that would have held the sprung pin and at the base the scar from the missing catch-plate. The surface is corroded with a mid to dark-brown patina on the face and pale brown to green corrosion on the rear. Compare BERK-C96836 and WAW-CE26BB.

NMGW-BAA9B1: MOUNT
A cast copper alloy belt mount of Medieval or Post Medieval date (c. AD 1500-1750). The mount sub-triangular in plan and plano-convex in section. A small projection crowns the top of the bar mount 2.2mm wide x 1.3mm tall. Much of the original surface is lost, so any surface treatments or decorations are indiscernible. The reverse is plain, flat and undecorated with two round sectioned attachment spikes (overall depth of 3.9mm). The surface is damaged by corrosion product resulting in a mottled green and reddish brown colour. The object has an overall length of 23.8mm, max width of 8mm, max thickness (at the pointy end) of 2.1mm and weighs 1.32g Similar objects are recorded on the PAS database e.g. NMGW-47010B, SUR-EF709C

Roman copper alloy lozenge plate brooch of 2nd century AD date and probably of Repoussé mounted type The plate brooch is of lozenge form, without lugs and is missing the pin and decorative panel (with a length of 38.2mm, a width of 27.2mm and a weight of 7.4g). The missing pin was hinged between twin D-shaped lugs, positioned adjacent to the apex of the rear. The catch-plate remains in place near the base of the rear (giving the brooch a depth of 8.7mm). The rear is slightly convex across its width. The front of the brooch has a raised border (1.9mm from the edge and 0.8mm high), inside of which is a white deposit, possibly the remains of an adhesive or the heavily-corroded remains of a decorative sheet metal plate, as on Repoussé mounted brooches. No evidence of the decorative motif survives and there is no suggestion of further raised borders inside the panel or a central boss. The surface has a pale green-grey patina and may have been tinned or silvered.

NMGW-5B950C: SPEARHEAD
Middle to Late Bronze Age socketed spearhead of Acton Park to Ewart Park metalworking phase, c. 1550 – 800BC The cast spearhead is incomplete, missing the base of the socket and the basal parts of both blades (with a surviving length of 103.3mm and a weight, including sediment in the socket of 78.0g). At the break the spearhead is sub-circular sectioned (with a maximum diameter of 16.4mm) and the internal socket is sub-circular to oval (10mm x 11.5mm). The socket is considerably thicker on one side (5.0mm thick compared to 0.8mm) causing a weakness in the socket wall and probably resulting in the break. There is no evidence that the socket has broken through perforations for attachment. The damaged blades are present at the break across the socket (giving a surviving width of 19.5mm). The blades are largely damaged and truncated, surviving on one side (with a length of 51.6mm and a thickness of 1.6mm) and has a moderate convex curve to the tip. The blade edge is evident over short areas but has largely been lost. The socket is conical, gradually narrowing to the tip (where it has a diameter of 3mm). Striations are evident where the surface survives, running along the socket and adjacent blade. The surface is heavily-corroded and pitted with a dark-brown patina and some patches of green corrosion. The fragmentary condition of the spearhead where the diagnostic features have been lost, makes typological identification indeterminate. Socketed spearheads begin in Arreton phase towards the end of The Early Bronze Age and continue to the Ewart Park Phase of the Late Bronze Age. The form of the spearhead probably suggests that it is unlikely to be from the types found in the Arreton phase and is likely to date from Acton Park to Ewart Park, dated to c. 1550 – 800BC.

NMGW-5CA325: PALSTAVE
Early to Middle Bronze Age bronze palstave of Group II, Early Midribbed type, and of Type Chepstow as defined by Schmidt & Burgess (1981, p. 125-7)[1] and of Acton Park metalworking Industry corresponding to Needham’s (1996)[2] Period 4 and probably dated to c. 1600 – 1400BC The palstave is near-complete, with minor damage to the blade edge and some surface loss (with an overall length of 166mm and a weight of 361.8g). The butt (with a width of 22.8mm and a thickness of 3.2mm) is straight and perpendicular to the sides. The sides are straight and slightly widening to a point below the stop (with a width at the stop of 32.4mm, where the stops have a height of 24.5mm) before prominent side mouldings or ‘nicked sides’ (giving a width of 36.5mm). The sides are gently curved along the blade, before flaring out to the blade tips, producing an expanded and rounded blade edge, slightly damaged at the blade tips (with a blade width of 77.1mm and a blade depth of 22mm). The casting seams are barely evident on both sides and have been neatly finished, particularly on the sides of the blade. The flanges rise from the beneath the butt (17mm beneath) and have a gentle curve reaching their apexes above the stop (20mm above where the flanges have a height of 34.6mm and a thickness of 24.4mm at the stop). The septum is near-straight and slightly rounded across its width (33mm long and 18 – 19mm wide). The stops have a slight curve across their widths, are vertical sided (with a stop height of 8.4mm - 8.8mm and are raised above the faces (with a height of 4mm-5mm and a thickness of 5mm). A single rib extends from the stop on each blade face (for a length of 44mm and 49mm). The faces are slightly hollowed each side of the rib to suggest raised blade edges. There is a subtle rounded blade facet evident on both faces (19mm - 20mm from the blade edge). No obvious sharpening striations are discernible on the blade. The surface has begun to laminate at the blade edge and is damaged on one flange, otherwise the surface has a mid to dark-red brown patina. The palstave is of Early Midribbed Type and its broad form with subtle ‘flange extensions’ and prominent nicked sides, all indicate Type Chepstow, which corresponds to Acton Park metalworking and can be dated to c. 1600 – 1400BC. [1] Schmidt, P.K. & Burgess, C. 1981; The Axes of Scotland and Northern Ireland, Praähistorische Bronzefunde Abteilung IX, 7. Band 7 [2] Needham, S. 1996; Chronology and Periodisation in the British Bronze Age, Acta Archaeologica 67, p. 121-140

NMGW-718046: STRAP END
Early Medieval copper alloy strap-end of Thomas's (2003, p 2) Class A and of uncertain type, possibly type 1, of late 8th or 9th century date The strap-end is near complete, missing one corner (with a length of 36.6mm and a weight of 4.2g). The attachment end undulates around the two perforations (with a width of 10mm and a thickness of 3.5mm) with a V-shaped split (11mm long) to accommodate the strap and secured at the corners with rivets, which remain in-situ (1.3mm diameter). The sides are convex (producing a maximum width of 11.8mm). There is an incised border around the central panel, which unusually is undecorated. The strap-end narrows and thickens (2.7mm thick) to the terminal on the outside edge and depicts the head of a beast. The ears have a raised circular border under , containing V-shaped groves defining points within the ears. Beneath the ears are double chevron grooves representing the brow above an incised triangle to define the snout. The sides are concave and each side has a simple punched dot for the eyes. The surface of the strap-end has a variable patina, pale green near the terminal and dark green at the attachment end. The variable patina may result from treatment by the finder.

NMGW-2995AA: BRIDLE BIT
Copper alloy bridle fitting of uncertain date, probably Late Iron Age to Early Roman, possibly 1st or 2nd century AD The fitting is probably a bridle link from either a two or three-link bridle bit and is near complete but is heavily worn and corroded (with a surviving length of 60.4m m and a weight of 28.7g). The bridle fitting comprises two loops at a perpendicular axis to each other, positioned each end of the bar. The smaller loop was near circular (with a width of 14.4mm and internal diameter of 6.4mm) but is now eroded and open at the rear, probably through wear. There are the remnants of a low wide rib across the loop and a raised lipped border, now eroded. The bar (with a length of 27.6mm) is of rectangular to square section, which is wider at the smaller looped end and narrows to the opposite end (with width and thickness of 7.6mm x 9mm and 6.7mm x 6.7mm). There is the suggestion of a recessed border on the bar but the erosion makes any detail uncertain. The larger loop is circular (20.7mm diameter), now with an oval aperture (15.2mm long and 11.0mm wide) but was originally probably circular. The loop is still joined at the outside end but is considerably worn and thinned (to just 0.3mm), probably though strap wear. There are no decorative details discernible on the loop. The surface is largely stripped, with small areas of grey-black patina surviving. The lack of diagnostic features makes any confident identification difficult. Similar links were used in Late Iron Age bridle bits and the comparatively small length may suggest the link is from a three, rather than a two piece bit. Additionally, the smaller aperture may be too small to allow a two-piece casting. The bridle link was recovered from close proximity to another similar example[1] and it is possible that both links were from the same bridle. [1] NMWPA 2013.149.1

NMGW-2A2415: CLASP
Medieval copper alloy folding strap clasp of late 13th to early 15th century date The folding clasp is incomplete, missing folding end and plate (with a surviving length of 16.5mm and a weight of 3.1g). The outside edge has the separate sheet of the folding end wrapped around the frame (with a thickness of 5.0mm). The frame is trapezoidal, widening to the outside edge (with a width of 18.3mm and 14.7mm at the bar). The sides of the frame are of rectangular section and are straight, enhanced with pointed mouldings near the bar and outside edge. One side of the frame is miscast. The bar is of sub-square section (1.5mm - 2.0mm). The surface has a dark-brown patina with pale-green corrosion.

NMGW-3A06EA: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Faustina I, wife of Antonius Pius (AD 138-61) sestertius, Rome Probably a lifetime issue (c. 138-41) Rev.: probably Concordia, seated left, AVG RIC (AP) 1074 26.53g, worn

NMGW-3C337B: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of Trumpet type and of 1st to 2nd century AD date The brooch is incomplete, pin and catch-plate (with a length of 65.5mm a surviving depth of 20.3mm and a weight of 18.5g). The missing pin was sprung and secured around a central pierced lug on the rear of the head, now truncated. The trumpet head is oval (17.0mm long and 10.6mm wide). The upper bow is of oval section with concave sides and appears to be distorted, bent downwards. The decoration on the upper bow is worn and corroded but there appears to have been a midrib, enhanced with notches and there is the suggestion of side mouldings. The button is of acanthus form and subtle mouldings are evident on the rear of the button. The leg is of triangular section, with straight sides converging towards the foot. There is the suggestion of a midrib on the leg but all other detail is lost. The foot is of globular form and continues on the rear, below a rib. The catch-plate is truncated but was placed at the centre of the rear of the leg and is bound with a rib above and below. The surface is corroded with remnants of a dark green patina.

The brooch is fragmentary, missing the leg and pin (with a surviving length of 18.6mm, a surviving depth of 9.4mm and a weight of 3.6g). The brooch appears to have employed an iron spring from the corrosion product although the corrosion is not magnetic. The spring was secured around a copper alloy axis bar and between perforated end lugs. The end lugs (with a width of 20.4mm) are angled inwards slightly and the ends of the wings are decorated with pairs of vertical grooves. The missing chord was tensioned by a lug on the head, now truncated. The upper bow is of D-shaped section (4.5mm wide and 2.5mm thick below the head), with straight sides converging slightly to the break (3.5mm wide and 2.5mm thick). The lug at the head developed into a midrib, now worn. There is the suggestion of a transverse groove above the break but any other decoration on the bow has been lost. The rear of the bow has a near-perpendicular angle between the head and bow. The surface has a dark-brown patina and areas of green corrosion and remnant traces of a silvered or tinned surface survive no some areas.

NMGW-3E2ACD: BROOCH
Medieval copper alloy annular brooch of 13th to 14th century date The brooch is of annular type and is complete but the pin is distorted (with a weight of 3.5g). The annular frame (with an external diameter of 26.9mm and internal 21.0mm) is of sub-rectangular section, with convex faces (1.7mm - 2.0mm thick and 2.4mm - 3.2mm wide). The frame is decorated on one face with four zones of between six and eight transverse grooves, positioned at regular intervals. The frame is undecorated between the four zones. The rear of the frame is undecorated. There is a constriction for the pin on the frame but there is no notch on the opposite side. The pin is distorted (with a length of 26.0mm) and its loop is rectangular sectioned with a split on its underside. At the base of the loop is a transverse ridge before the oval sectioned shaft. The pin gradually narrows to the tip. The surface has a dark-green patina with areas of pale green surface loss.

NMGW-3E84C6: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Constantine I (AD 307-37) nummus PROVIDENTIA AVGG //STR = Trier, c. 324-5 RIC VII Trier 449 2.46g

NMGW-3EA791: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Constantine I (AD 307-37) nummus GLORIA EXERCITVS; two standards //TR.S = Trier, c. 330-5 RIC VII Trier 539 (perhaps irregular, 16mm) 1.44g

NMGW-3EE8BC: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Constantine II Caesar (AD 317-37) nummus GLORIA EXERCITVS; two standards //TRS. = Trier, c. 330-5 RIC VII Trier 527 1.97g

NMGW-3F0A9B: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Constantinopolis nummus (AD 330-5) Rev. - Victory on prow //[U]PLC = Lyon, c. 330-5 RIC VII Lyon 256 1.54g

NMGW-3F3AC6: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin House of Constantine nummus (c. AD 340-8) VICTORIAE DD AVGG QNN; two victories Uncertain mint 1.06g

NMGW-3F745D: SWORD BELT
Post medieval copper alloy sword belt fitting of 16th to 17th century date The fitting is near-complete, missing one terminal (with a surviving length of 66.8mm, an overall height of 43mm and a weight of 27.1g). The plate mount (2.5mm thick) has trefoil terminals with a perforation at the centre (3.0mm diameter). The damaged end has broken through the perforation. The mount is decorated on its face with moulded vegetal scrolls. The top edge is of undulating form while the base has three integral suspension loops, each of which contains the separate hooked mounts (21.5mm long). The hooked mounts are closed at the rear, in a terminal knop while the other end is bifurcating (14.8mm wide). The surface is corroded with a green-brown patina.

NMGW-4063C3: FINGER RING
Roman copper alloy finger-ring, probably of 3rd century date The finger-ring is complete but the hoop is slightly distorted (with a length of 18.4mm and a weight of 1.3g) and is of slightly 'keeled' form of Henig's (1978)[1] Type VIIIa. The ring is relatively small (with a maximum internal diameter of 16.6mm). The lower part of the hoop is of D-shaped section, with straight and parallel sides (with a width of 2.5mm and a thickness of 1.4mm). There are transverse ridges marking the beginnings of the shoulders (which have a width of 19.4mm). The sides of the shoulders are near-straight and divergent, before narrowing at the bezel (. The shoulders have a decorative wide groove before the bezel, now corroded but any other detail has been lost. The bezel is of disc form (of 4.0mm diameter and 2.4mm thick). The top of the bezel had a recessed decorative motif, now corroded and of uncertain form. The surface is worn and corroded with dark-green patina, enhanced by a recently applied wax coating. [1] Henig, M., 1978 (2nd ed.); A Corpus of Roman Engraved Gemstones from British Series; BAR British Series 8

NMGW-40BA01: BLADE
Copper alloy blade fragment of uncertain date The blade is fragmentary, broken at one end (with a surviving length of 51.9mm and a weight of 6.0g). The blade is of oval section (with a width of 9.8mm and a thickness of 2.7mm at the break) and subtle midrib flanked by gently concave blade edges. Both sides are edged and one side is subtly concave, while the opposite side is very gently convex, although it is unclear whether the form is through design or differential wear. The end of the blade is flat, rather than pointed (with a width of 7.7mm), defined by sub-triangular facets on both faces. Both edges have a number of nicks. Some of which may be contemporary with the use of the blade. The surface has a dark-green patina. The blade has few diagnostic features and is subsequently difficult to classify and date. Copper alloy blades are comparatively unusual from the later Iron Age. The small size and form is not typical of Bronze Age blades.

Roman copper alloy coin Constantinopolis nummus (AD 330-5) Rev. - Victory on prow 15mm, probably an irregular copy 2.12g

Roman copper alloy coin Constantinopolis nummus (AD 330-5) Rev. - Victory on prow //[TR]P. = Trier, c. 330-5 RIC VII Trier 530 1.81g

NMGW-4FD8AE: MOUNT
Post medieval copper alloy hooked mount probably from furniture or similar The mount is of two-piece construction and is complete but the hook is now in two pieces (with a weight of 15.8g). The back-plate (with a length of 62.8mm, a maximum width of 24.6mm and a thickness of 1.9mm) has a trefoil terminal at the top with a knop at the apex and is rounded at its base with concave sides. The plate was attached using two countersunk holes (of 4.6mm and 5.0mm diameter) near each end. The hook is separate and is joined with a square mortise before a collar at the base of the hook (giving an overall depth of 14.3mm). The hook has a rounded end (10.2mm wide) with divergent sides. There is no applied decoration on the plate or on the hook. The surface has a dark-brown patina. The hooked mount had an uncertain function but may have been attached to a piece of post medieval furniture or similar.

NMGW-5038EE: BOOK FITTING
An incomplete copper alloy book mount of Howsam type B.1.4, dating to c.1150 - c.1200. The mount is near complete, missing three of the four terminal attachment loops (with a surviving length of 52.8mm, a surviving width of 41.2mm and a weight of 58.7g). The surviving loop is circular (8.3mm wide and 2.5mm thick) with perforation off-centre (4.1mm diameter). The mount has four raised quadrangular lobes (with a depth of 8.5mm and a thickness of 2.0mm - 3.5mm), divided by a crossed rib in sunken relief. There is the suggestion of double-ribs in sunken relief running across each of the lobes from the terminals to the centre. The rear of the mount is hollowed. The surface is worn and corroded with a pale green corroded surface. A similar but not identical object has been recorded on the PAS database at WMID-318F19. Howsam includes another example from an excavated context at Rievaulx Abbey (2016, 95, no. 301) and allocates this to her type B.1.4.

NMGW-510C31: STRAP END
Late medieval copper alloy strap-end of 15th century date The strap-end is of 'Crescentic', two-piece type and is incomplete, missing the sheet copper alloy back-plate, the attachment end and part of the terminal (with a surviving length of 40.0mm and a weight of 15.3g). The strap-end was attached using two iron rivets, which remain in place near the attachment end. The ends of the crescent have been lost and the enclosed area has a cast openwork design of irregular lines radiating from a central point. The curved body of the strap-end is circular (with a diameter of 33.8mm). The decoration on the crescent is corroded and difficult to discern; there is a raised border and the suggestion of radiating lines. The terminal is truncated (with a surviving length of 11mm) and comprises two opposing C-scrolls, defining a central sub-triangular opening. The terminal is thinner than the circular body of the mount (with a thickness of 3.4mm). The body is deeper to accommodate the strap (with a thickness of 5.8mm) and the edge of the rear has a flange, which was soldered to the missing sheet back-plate. The surface is worn and corroded with a brown-green patina and patches of pale green corrosion. 'Crescent Type' strap ends were produced during the late medieval period, mostly in the 15th century and often suggest the roots and branches of the 'Tree of Life'. This example may be seen as a debased variant of the form.

NMGW-5195BD: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Radiate (c. AD 275-85) Imitation of INVICTVS type of Victorinus (Gallic emperor (AD 269-71)) 14mm, 1.11g

NMGW-530D4B: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of T-shaped type and of 2nd century AD date The brooch is fragmentary, missing middle and lower parts of the bow but with the pin complete (with a length of 41.2mm, a depth of 16.8mm and a weight of 6.7g). The pin (with a length of 33.1mm and a diameter of 1.4mm) is hinged within tubular wings. The wings (with a width of 27.7mm and a diameter of 4.2mm - 5.0mm) have raised terminals, enhanced with a double-rib. The rear of the wings has slight flanges at the top and bottom. At the head is an integral chain-loop (with a diameter of 7.2mm, an internal diameter of 4.1mm and a thickness of 2.2mm). The top of the bow projects outwards (to 8.9mm) with a flat-top before a near-perpendicular turn. The bow is of sub-rectangular section, convex on both faces and with straight, parallel sides as far as the break (with a width of 7.9mm and a thickness of 3.3mm). The front of the bow was decorated with a central column of lozenge cells, flanked on each side by a column of triangular cells. The cells would have held enamel but ii no longer discernible. There is border flanking the enamelled panel enhanced with a delicate wavy rib. The surface is well preserved with a consistent dark-green patina. The brooch head can be parallled with an example recorded by Hattatt (1985, p 89, no. 387)[1] of unknown provenance. Hattatt (ibid) states that the form corresponds to Hull's Type 109 with a known distribution around the lower Severn. [1] Hattatt, R., 1985; Iron Age and Roman Brocches

NMGW-53F7D6: TOKEN
Post medieval copper alloy coin Charles I (1625-49) licensed farthing token 'Rose' type (1632-1643) Corroded and has lost brass insert

NMGW-542123: ANNULAR BROOCH
Medieval copper alloy annular brooch of 13th or 14th century date The brooch is near-complete, missing the pin-shaft and the settings (with a weight of 2.7g). The annular frame is comparatively small (with a diameter of 18.7mm) and is of triangular section (3.3mm wide and 3.3mm high). The bevelled face of the frame has six sub-circular recesses, which are likely to have held a setting or decorative coloured paste. Each of the settings is divided by an incised groove. The groove is flanked by diagonal grooves on the outside edge of the frame, which form a series of notches on the top ridge of the frame. The underside of the frame is flat and is not decorated. The frame has a restriction for the pin, which has the remnants of the pin looped around the frame. Only the loop and part of the shaft now survives of the pin. The pin is of sheet metal (0.5mm thick, 1.5mm wide) and the loop (of 3.1mm diameter) is closed at the rear. The surface has a dark-green patina.

NMGW-545401: TOKEN
Post medieval copper alloy farthing token THOMAS ADAMES A T I /* AT WINDSOR 1652 BW Berks 163 0.54g, corroded

NMGW-66ADCA: COIN
A copper alloy Roman nummus of the House of Valentinian (AD 364-378), dating to the period AD 364-378 (Reece Period 19). GLORIA ROMANORVM reverse type, depicting the Emperor advancing right, holding a standard and dragging a captive. Probably mint of Siscia. 1.65g, corroded

NMGW-66F2B6: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Gallienus (joint reign with Valentinian, AD 253-60) radiate Base silver; CERMANICVS MAX V; Gaul mint, probably Trier Cunetio 716, Elmer 40 2.91g

NMGW-6734BB: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Postumus In Gaul (AD 260-9) radiate, debased issue PAX AVG P - // - (c. 268) Cunetio 2453 2.17g, corroded

NMGW-674AAD: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Victorinus In Gaul (AD 269-71) radiate INVICTVS 1.94g

NMGW-675EEE: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Victorinus In Gaul (AD 269-71) radiate Otherwise uncertain

Roman copper alloy coin Victorinus In Gaul (AD 269-71) radiate Otherwise uncertain

Roman copper alloy coin Tetricus II Caesar In Gaul (c. AD 273-74) radiate Reverse: SPES 1.99g

NMGW-68637A: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin 3rd or 4th century, Otherwise uncertain

NMGW-6870CE: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin 3rd or 4th century, Otherwise uncertain

NMGW-6877FA: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin 3rd or 4th century, Otherwise uncertain

NMGW-68B4A2: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin House of Constantine (possibly one of the caesars) nummus Reverse: PROVIDENTIAE..; Camp gate (323-328) Corroded fragment

NMGW-68D5B8: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Urbs Roma nummus (c. AD 330-5) Reverse: wolf and twins Uncertain mint 1.36g

NMGW-68ED5A: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Constantinopolis nummus (c. AD 330-5) Reverse: Victory on prow //.PLC = Lyon mint RIC VII Lyon 246 1.51g

NMGW-68FE1C: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin House of Constantine nummus; Trier GLORIA EXERCITVS; one standard type (c. 337-40) 1.30g

NMGW-6A437A: SADDLE
Post medieval copper alloy saddle pommel of 16th or 17th century date The pommel is near-complete, with damaged attachment lugs (with a length of 69.7mm and a weight of 41.9g) and is of two-piece construction, now separated but would have been soldered across its midsection. The domed pommel is hollow and of oval section (with a diameter of 33.1mm x 31.0mm, an internal diameter of 29.5mm x 27.5mm and is 1-2mm thick). The sides are straight and near-parallel to the undulating base. There was a double attachment hole for rivets near the base and there would have been a lug on each side, now broken. The more-complete lug has broken through one of the two attachment holes. The pommel is decorated with pairs of parallel grooved lines, diagonally arranged. The surface has small remnants of a dark-green patina, and elsewhere there are areas of pale blue-green corrosion and red-brown surface loss. The pommel can be broadly paralleled with examples recorded by PAS from Glynneath, Neath-Port Talbot[1] and Llanfair Dyffryn Clwyd, Denbighshire[2] and an example published by Read (1988, p 127-8, no. 808)[3] recovered from Bicton in Devon. [1] NMWPA 2010.266.1 [2] NMWPA 2012.19 [3] Read, B.; 1988; History Beneath our Feet

NMGW-6A7050: PURSE
Late Medieval to early Post Medieval copper alloy purse-bar of 15th to 16th century date The purse frame is near-complete but distorted (with a distorted length of 150.1mm, approximately 85mm straight and a weight of 50.5g). The purse-bar is of Ward Perkins (1940, p 158 - 171)[1], Type A1. The missing loop swivelled within a sub-rectangular central block (16mm long, 9.7mm thick and 13.5mm high). The central perforation is circular at the top (with a diameter of 7.4mm) and heavily worn at the base, probably from the missing, rotating loop. The central block is decorated with an incised cross hatching, which possibly held niello inlay. The ends of the block have moulded beast's heads biting on the bars, now heavily worn and corroded. The bars are of circular to oval section (6mm - 7mm diameter). The damaged attachment plates are evident on both of the bars (with a length of 26 and 30mm) and each had two perforations (3mm diameter). The bars were also decorated with an incised cross hatch or lattice design. The bars narrow at the terminals (at 4mm) to accommodate the missing frame. The ends of the terminals have been lost and iron corrosion at the terminals suggests iron fixings or frame. The surface has a pale-green corrosion with areas of red-brown surface loss. Ward Perkins (ibid.) sees type 'A' purse-bars as earlier and more elaborate than the other types and suggests that the uniformity in style may indicate a single production centre for the type. [1] Ward-Perkins, J.B., 1940, London Museum medieval Catalogue

NMGW-6AB3CC: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of T-shaped type and of 1st or 2nd century AD date The brooch is incomplete and slightly distorted, missing the foot, catch and pin (with a surviving length of 48.3mm, a surviving depth of 11.9mm and a weight of 10.3g). The missing pin was hinged within tubular wings (with a width of 35.0mm and a diameter of 4.8mm). The ends of the wings are decorated with a vertical groove, enhanced with punched marks. The upper bow is wide at the head with a step to the upper bow (after 16mm, with a maximum width at the head of 17.7mm and thickness of 3.3mm). The sides of the upper bow are straight and convergent to the step and the edges are thicker, flanking a decorative rib in sunken relief. There is a decorative V-shaped moulding at the centre of the upper bow, flanked with grooves. The mid bow is of rectangular section, with straight sides, converging to the break. The bow is slightly distorted around its midsection. The leg is deepens to incorporate the damaged catch-plate, which was decorated with a circular perforation (3.5mm diameter). The surface is heavily-corroded with a pale-green corrosion and the suggestion of a tinned or silvered surface. The brooch corresponds closely with Hull's Type 104 of T-shaped type, with a distribution concentrated around the Lower Severn.

NMGW-7954DD: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of Trumpet Type and of 1st to 2nd century AD date The brooch is incomplete, missing the spring and with a slightly distorted bow (with a distorted length of 52.5mm, a depth of 21.9mm and a weight of 21.2g). The rear of the head is concave to accommodate the missing spring which was secured around a singly pierced lug (8.0mm long, 6.0mm deep, and with a perforation diameter of 3.4mm). The internal chord was tensioned by a small lug at its base. There is a small pointed projection at the top of the head, possibly the remnants of an integral pin to help position the missing swivel chain loop. The head is oval (18.8mm wide and 16.0mm high) and is flat, without decoration at the top. The lower part has moulded decoration is now corroded but appears to have comprised a raised, opposing scroll on each side, each containing a central pellet. Between each scroll is a linear rib, widening towards the button and possibly running into the button moulding, or possibly terminating in three pellets. The decoration on the upper bow may have represented the stylised eyes and snout of a beast. The button is of disc form and any applied decoration is no longer discernible. The mouldings continue on the rear of the button. The leg is of D-shaped section with straight sides, gradually converging towards its base. The front of the leg is decorated with three parallel vertical ribs, defining a fluting effect, possibly intended to hold enamel. The foot is globular and is comparatively large (with a diameter of 9.4mm) and is enhanced with a knop on its underside. A wide moulding at the base of the leg continues on the rear, from which the catch-plate projects from. The catch has been lost and the top of the plate arcs to the moulding on the rear of the button. The surface has a dark-green patina.

NMGW-798BAB: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy plate brooch of Swastika form, probably of 2nd to 3rd AD century date The brooch is incomplete, with some peripheral damage and the loss of the pin (with a weight of 10.2g). The missing pin was attached around a single, pierced lug (6.8mm long, 1.7mm thick 6.3mm high) at the top corner of one of the four arms (giving the brooch an overall depth of 8.3mm). The remnants of the iron spring remain in the perforation and the chord would have been internal. The catch-plate is positioned above the base of the brooch and the catch has been lost. The plate swastika was formed by cutting four rectangular panels (11.2mm long and 4mm wide) from a near-square sheet of copper alloy (33.8mm x 32.5mm and 1.9mm thick) to define the anti-clockwise swastika, or crux gammatica. There is a single indentation surviving near the centre of the brooch but no other detail is now evident on the surface. The reverse of the brooch is undecorated. The brooch has a dark-green patina, partially preserved with areas of pale green corrosion and bronze-coloured surface loss. The brooch type and form is comparatively unusual, Hattatt (1987, p 222, no. 1145)[1] records a broadly similar example from Roman Syria. There are five further parallels recorded with PAS at the time of writing[2]. The central indentation can be seen as a part of the decoration on all but two of the above examples. Hattatt (ibid) records that the type is uncommon but widespread across the Roman Empire and states that Hull catalogued four examples from the military north of Britain, as his type 276. [1] Hattatt, R.; 1987; Brooches of Antiquity [2] LVPL-01AD05, SUR-EEBBB0, SF-CFDB27, LVPL-F52FB5, SUSS-5BE681

NMGW-E947BD: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Radiate, uncertain emperor (c. AD 275-85) 0.77g

NMGW-E965A7: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Probably an irregular radiate, copying Gallic emperor (c. AD 275-85) 0.26g

NMGW-FC9813: SEAL MATRIX
Medieval copper alloy seal matrix of 13th or 14th century date The seal matrix is incomplete, missing the terminal loop and is heavily-corroded with some peripheral damage (with a surviving length of 16.7mm and a weight of 4.7g). The Terminal loop (with a width of 5.5mm and internal diameter of 3.7mm) is incomplete above a moulding, before the hexagonally faceted handle. The seal die was circular (with a diameter of 16.2mm). Both the encircling legend and central device are corroded and difficult to discern and much of the legend has been lost through edge damage. The central device may depict a heart-shaped object with projections from the top, possibly representing the Sacred Heart. It is not now possible to decipher any of the letters in the encircling legend. The surface has remnants of a dark-green patina and elsewhere has a pale-green to red brown corrosion.

NMGW-FCFF57: FINGER RING
Copper alloy finger-ring fragment, probably of Roman date The finger-ring is fragmentary, represented by a little les than half of the bezel and a shoulder fragment only (with a surviving width of 13.4mm, a surviving length of 8.6mm and a weight of 1.1g). The hoop was of oval section and is expanding at the shoulders (with a minimum width and thickness of 3mm and 1mm respectively). The bezel was oval (8.6mm long, 2.0mm wide and 1.3mm thick) and would have had a recessed oval cell containing a glass paste, enamel or stone setting, no trace of which now survives. The underside of the bezel is gentle convex across its width. The surface has a grey-green patina. The fragmentary nature of the finger-ring makes a confident identification difficult but the general form is consistent with some Roman period rings and may possibly of Henig's (1978)[1] Type II/III suggesting a late 1st or 2nd century AD date. [1] Henig, M., 1978 (2nd ed.); A Corpus of Roman Engraved Gemstones from British Series; BAR British Series 8

NMGW-FD2D46: BOW BROOCH
Late Iron Age to Roman copper alloy bow brooch of uncertain type and of 1st or 2nd century AD date The brooch is fragmentary, missing the head and foot (with a surviving length of 53.6mm, a surviving depth of 12.4mm and a weight of 5.4g). The brooch is broken near the top of the bow, which is of sub-rectangular section (4.5mm wide and 5.7mm thick. The sides of the bow are straight and convergent towards the break, just above the missing foot. The bow is heavily-corroded with little surviving detail but a central groove is discernible and there is the suggestion of a groove on one side. The rear of the bow has small remnants of the catch-plate surviving. The surface had a black patina, now mostly lost and elsewhere has a pale green corrosion. The missing head of the brooch makes typological identification difficult and speculative. The form of the bow may suggest a brooch of Colchester, Colchester derivative, Polden Hill or allied form; types that generally date to the 1st century AD.

NMGW-FDF4F7: BROOCH PIN
Medieval copper alloy brooch pin, probably of 13th or 14th century date The pin is incomplete, missing the tip (with a surviving length of 27.9mm and a weight of 2.8g). The loop is closed and is comparatively wide (with an external diameter of 7.7mm, an internal diameter of 4.4mm and a width of 5.5mm). There is a prominent moulding at the base of the loop and top of the shaft, enhanced with a central groove. The pin shaft is circular sectioned, widest below the moulding (at 3.5mm diameter and 2.7mm diameter above the break). There is no other applied decoration on the loop or shaft. The surface has a dark-brown patina. The pin form would suggest its use on a brooch rather than a buckle but the missing brooch frame makes dating the pin difficult; similar pins are recorded on annular brooch frames of 13th and 14th century date.

NMGW-FE112C: ROTARY KEY
Medieval or post medieval copper alloy rotary key probably from 13th to 17th century date The key is incomplete, missing the bow and is corroded (with a surviving length of 29.5mm and a weight of 3.4g). The bow is incomplete but was likely to have been of circular to oval form (with a surviving width of 9.6mm). There is the suggestion of a moulding discernible on one side of the top of the shank but is now heavily-corroded. The shank is of irregular sub-circular section, being narrower on the mid-shank (4.0mm x 2.9mm) and wider at the bit (with a diameter of 4.4mm). The end of the shank is hollow, to accept a pin from the lock (4.7mm x 3.4mm diameter). The bit is corroded but appears to have had a cleft on each side beneath the shank. The surface has a pale to dark green patina. Keys of this general form have been recovered from excavations in London dating from the 12th to 14th centuries (Egan, 1998, p 111)[1] in addition to later post medieval contexts (Margesson, 1993, pp 159-162)[2]. The size of the key and the decoration would seem to suggest it was used with a rotary lock from a box, casket or similar. [1] Egan G., 1998; Medieval Finds from Excavations in London: 6; The Medieval Household Daily Living c.1150-1450; Museum Of London [2] Margeson, S., 1993; Norwich Households: The Medieval and Post-Medieval Finds from Norwich Survey Excavations 1971-1978; East Anglian Archaeology Report No. 58, 1993

NMGW-0D933A: COIN
Roman copper alloy coin Sestertius, probably 2nd century but otherwise uncertain 14.28g, worn and corroded

NMGW-0DFFF9: HARNESS PENDANT
Copper alloy fitting, possibly a medieval harness pendant of 12th or 13th century date The pendant is complete (with a length of 48.0mm and a weight of 12.9g) but the suspension mount is missing. The loop is of rectangular section and is comparatively substantial (with a length of 12.9mm, a width of 4.7mm and a thickness of 6.7mm) and has a waisted mid section on both faces. The perforation (of 2mm diameter) still retains the iron hinge. The pendant is of decafoil form (34.mm long, 34.0mm wide and 2.0mm thick) with a central trefoil aperture. No other applied decoration or surface treatment is evident on either face. The surface is corroded with a dark-green patina and areas of pale green or brown corrosion. If the fitting is a pendant, it is of unusual form; broadly similar pendants have been recovered from Norfolk (Ashley, 2002, pp 5 - 8)[1] and elsewhere, described as early Armorial horse furniture. It is possible that the fitting is a later, post medieval handle or similar. [1] Ashley, S.; 2002; Medieval Armorial Horse Furniture; East Anglian Archaeology, Report No. 101; Norfolk Museum and Archaeology Service

NMGW-0E6DB4: BOW BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of Polden Hill type and of 1st century AD date The brooch is incomplete, missing the leg and pin (with a surviving length of 25.5mm, a surviving depth of 12.0mm and a weight of 4.9g). Much of the spring mechanism remains in place, around a copper alloy axis bar and secured between perforated lateral lugs. The missing chord was tensioned by a lug at the head. The wings are comparatively short (at 15.5mm) and no applied decoration is now evident. The upper bow is of oval section, with straight sides converging towards the break (with a width and thickness at the head of 7.6mm and 3.8mm respectively). The lug at the head develops along the upper bow into a decorative midrib. There is a transverse groove, flanked by leaf mouldings on the mid bow but much of any other the detail has been lost. There is the suggestion of a moulding on the rear of the leg, representing the remnants of the catch-plate. The surface is mostly corroded mid-green but there is the suggestion of a tinned or silvered surface on some surface areas.

NMGW-0F7707: VESSEL
Copper alloy handle, possibly of Roman date The object is incomplete, broken at the narrow end (with a surviving length of 38.0mm and a weight of 4.5g). The complete end is of oval section and is rounded with an expanded terminal (with a width of 10.0mm and a thickness of 3.6mm). The handle gradually narrows towards a decorative double-ribbed moulding, which all the way around the fitting. The damaged end thins, as if to a blade (with a thickness of 1.1mm). The surface has a dark-green patina. It is possible that the object is the handle of a medical or cosmetic implement of Roman date but the few diagnostic features present make a confident identification difficult. The handle is also similar to post medieval knife handles and the object may be a 18th century toy knife

Medieval copper alloy harness pendant of 12th to 14th century date The pendant was of kite, shield-shaped form and is fragmentary and distorted, missing the lower left part of the shield (with a surviving distorted length of 50.1mm and a weight of 5.4g). The loop is perpendicular to the mount (with a depth of 6.3mm, a thickness of 2mm and an internal diameter of 2.8mm). Beneath the loop the arm is comparatively long (at 13mm long and 1.4mm - 2.5mm thick) with straight sides, diverging to the pendant. The top edge of the shield is near-complete (with a distorted width of 28.4mm and a thickness of 0.9mm) and is slightly rounded. The surface of the pendant is heavily-corroded and the device is now largely destroyed. There is the suggestion of two undulating and parallel lines running vertically down the shield and a third on the left may been lost. The undulating lines appear to have been in-filled with a cross-hatched design, probably as a key for the enamel. Remnant traces of gilding and enamel survive on the surface; elsewhere the surface has a pale-green and red-brown corrosion. The pendant form and suggested geometric motif may suggest a comparatively early date for the pendant, in the 12th or early 13th century, similar to examples recorded from Norwich (Ashley 2002, p 5-8)[1] and elsewhere. [1] Ashley, S.; 2002; Medieval Armorial Horse Furniture; East Anglian Archaeology, Report No. 101; Norfolk Museum and Archaeology Service

NMGW-107FF3: BUCKLE
Medieval copper alloy probable buckle plate of 12th to 15th century date The buckle plate is near-complete but is distorted and the frame is missing (with a distorted length of 31.2mm, a width of 35.5mm and a weight of 8.8g). The sheet plate (0.5mm thick) is of folded form with a slot for the pin. The front plate is rectangular and was secured to the strap with three rivets (5.0mm - 5.5mm long), with domed heads raised above the plate. Two of the rivets are positioned near the attachment end and one behind the slot. The front of the plate is decorated with a double 'rocker-arm' border and interior cross. The rear of the two rivets near the attachment end has plate copper alloy washers to ensure the fixings. Only the central rivet is secured through the plate. The rear of the plate is shorter and less wide than the front (18.2mm long and 27.4mm wide) and is without decoration. The surface has a mid to dark-green patina. The plate can be broadly paralleled on 14th and 15th century buckles but also has similarities with earlier harness pendant suspension mounts of 12th to 14th century date, similar to examples recorded from Norwich (Ashley 2002, p 5-8)[1] and elsewhere. [1] Ashley, S.; 2002; Medieval Armorial Horse Furniture; East Anglian Archaeology, Report No. 101; Norfolk Museum and Archaeology Service

NMGW-10AB77: VESSEL
Late medieval to post medieval copper alloy cooking vessel fragment, probably from a cauldron or skillet of 15th to 18th century date The vessel comprises a rim fragment from the vessel (59.3mm long, 30.2mm wide and 2.2mm thick). The rim was outcurved and suggests a vessel diameter of approximately 250mm. Sheet copper alloy plate (0.7mm thick) was secondarily riveted to the rim and is crudely worked. The plate is folded around vessel rim and attached using two copper alloy rivets (10.8mm long). The plate is irregularly rectangular (51.3mm long and 46.0mm wide) and both top corners appear to have been cut to a diagonal. Near the top, folded edge is an oval perforation (8.9mm long and 6.7mm wide) for direct suspension of from a handle. The perforation is worn through rubbing. The suspension hole and rivets holes were all punched-through from the top. The exterior of both the plate and vessel rim are heavily-sooted from its use as a cooking vessel on the fire. The surface of the vessel has a mid-green patina while the folded plate has a bright-green and red-brown corrosion.