NMGW-063EB0: WEIGHT
Post medieval copper alloy trade weight, probably of late 17th century date The weight is stamped with a crowned W, probably over the letter M, probably for William III and Mary II (1689 -1694), a sword and ewer indicating London. The weight now weighs 25.3g, equivalent to 0.8924 ounces and would originally have been a one-ounce weight. The surface is worn and has a mid to dark green patina.
Stable URI: https://finds.org.uk/database/artefacts/record/id/707675

NMGW-EDE2EB: WEIGHT
Lead suspension weight of uncertain date, Roman to Post medieval The weight is complete and of faceted conical form (with a length of 45.5mm). The top of the weight is of sub-rectangular section (15.0mm wide, 7.7mm – 9.1mm thick and 12.2mm long), through which the weight has a sub-circular perforation near the apex (5.5mm diameter) for suspension. The body of the weight is of faceted, sub-circular section, diverging towards the flat-bottomed base (with a diameter of 24.9mm - 26.8mm). There is an incised X within a square incised border above the base on one side. The weight currently weighs 135.30 grams, equivalent to 4.7727 ounces, the weight does not appear to correspond with standard weights from medieval and post medieval periods but is broadly consist with a Roman quincunx (137.0g). However, the form of the weight would be unusual for the Roman period.
Stable URI: https://finds.org.uk/database/artefacts/record/id/1020473

NMGW-346C2E: UNIDENTIFIED OBJECT
Copper alloy socketed and looped fitting of uncertain date The cast fitting appears to be near-complete but corroded and worn (with a length of 32.8mm and a weight of 15.4g) and is comparatively crude casting. The socket interior is of trilobed form (13mm both wide and long and 13mm – 17mm deep), open at both ends and with a break at the rear. There are decorative mouldings on the outside of the socket, comprising opposing arcs on the concave edges, with one face deeper than the other. There is an integral loop (12mm long, 4.5mm -6.8mm thick with an internal diameter of 7.6mm) on one side, now open at the far end, possibly corroded and worn. The surface is heavily-corroded with a pale to mid-green patina. The identification and date of the fitting is uncertain, it may possibly be a part of a harness or bridle of medieval date, although it is difficult to closely parallel.
Stable URI: https://finds.org.uk/database/artefacts/record/id/1019092

NMGW-73CC41: TOKEN
Post medieval copper alloy token Probably a penny token of Charles Huddle (or Huddel), Wexford (c. 1650-70) CHARL[ES ]HVDDEL.IN; annular [W]EXFORD.IN.IRELAND BW Ireland 746 0.59g, corroded

NMGW-EDD684: THIMBLE
Medieval cast copper alloy domed thimble, probably of mid-14th or 15th century date The thimble is near-complete with some peripheral and surface damage (with a length of 19.1 and a weight of 8.7g). The mouth is sub-circular (with a diameter of 19.7 mm – 21.0mm and internal diameter of 18mm). The rim appears slightly thickened (with a rim thickness of 1.3mm) and is without a border. There is damage to the rim but other notches may been residual from the manufacture of the thimble. The sides of the thimble are near-straight, subtly convex and gently convergent before the domed top. The thimble has a spiral of fourteen to fifteen rows of hand-punched and closely spaced indentations, nine rows on the sides before the five to six rows on the domed top and are regularly spaced. The apex (8mm diameter) is without indentations and without a central perforation. The thimble has a preserved mid to dark green surface patina with areas of corrosion and surface loss. The thimble has comparatively small indentations and is thick-walled, suggesting that it belongs to Holmes’ (FDS 9, 1991)[1] heavy-duty thimbles for more coarse work and heavy fabrics and best resembles the type illustrated as 2b. [1] Holmes, E.F; 1991; Sewing Thimbles; Finds Research Group 700-1700 Datasheet 9

NMGW-066ED6: SWORD
Post medieval copper alloy sword guard of 18th century date The guard is of fragmentary, represented by approximately half (with a surviving length of 40.2mm and a weight of 26.2g) and has broken through the central rectangular aperture. The guard was of concave double-oval form with a rectangular slot (14.6mm long) to accommodate the tang. Both faces are decorated with elaborate motif in cast relief. The motif on both faces depict a winged-figure in three-quarters profile, depicted with weapons in a radiating design, probably of mythical origin, possibly influenced by Assyrian or similar iconography. The surface is corroded with remnants of a pale-green patina and areas of stripped red-brown metal. The guard was likely to have been gilded but does not now survive.

NMGW-F6BB9D: STRAP FITTING
An incomplete cast copper alloy fitting Post Medieval Date (AD 1500-1700). The object may be a dress hook or, since it is decorated on both sides, a watch winder. The face is decorated in a floral motif framed by incised lines forming an elongated crown shape. Both lateral points of the ‘crown’ terminate in sub-rectangular knops (5.9mm wide) with the central point terminating in a hexagonal knop (5.1mm wide) with a central recessed circular cell (2.5mm diameter). The bottom of the ‘crown’ is decorated with incised linework in the shape of a fan or floral motif with pointed ends. Beneath this is a collar 1mm wide with a central incised line. The point extends 4.7mm from the collar before terminating in an old break. The back of the object is more simply decorated with a recessed cell (2.7mm in diameter) towards the top of the body within a frame of incised lines. A red substance is caked in the crevices of the object, probably from corrosion in its deposition environment. The object is 40.3mm in length with a maximum width of 21.4mm, 2.2mm thick and weighs 4.80g.

NMGW-6B5862: SPOON
Description: The object is a silver spoon, now in two parts, comprising a bent handle junction with bowl, and the remaining bowl, folded twice. The stem is hexagonal at the base, becoming circular in cross-section mid-way along the shaft up to the simple devolved conical ‘diamond knop’ terminal with a small transverse moulding at the junction with the stem. The underside of the bowl at the junction with the handle bears what appears to be a quincunx motif (aka ‘cross-in-square’), but which can be interpreted as an equal armed cross with central boss within a square (a variation on the encircled cross). The handle has a hexagonal cross-section, and there are facets on the ‘diamond knop’. There are also traces of gilding on the knop. The overall length (straight) is about 92.6mm; maximum width of handle stem at junction with bowl 4.7 x 3.3mm; minimum bowl thickness 0.25mm; weight 14.19g. Summary and conclusions: In terms of size and form, the spoon is of fifteenth-century date. It is closely paralleled by another found in Pembroke Community in 2015 (Treasure Case 15.37). This bore engraved cross-crosslet in the position of the Nevern motif, suggests an ecclesiastical or monastic association/ownership mark. Similar crosses occur on pottery from abbeys and friaries, such as Vale ware glazed jugs from Cardiff Blackfriars (Lewis 1978, 7 no. 5) and the Bishop’s Palace, Llandaff (on wasters). For a similar type, of higher quality manufacture, dated c. 1450 see Emery 1976, fig. 47, right. Examples from London of the same pointed oval bowl form, stem and knop have been found in contexts dated c. 1350-1450 (Egan 1998, nos 762, 763, 765, 770). A similar medieval spoon reported from Whitchurch, Buckinghamshire, had ‘crude scratchers’ thought to represent crude ownership marks (TAR 2003, no. 216). The Nevern Community spoon is also similar in form to five late fourteenth-century spoons found at Abberley, Worcestershire (British Museum BM reg. no. 1965,0705,1-5). One is lightly scratched at junction of stem and bowl with a shield divided saltire-wise. Another close parallel is a lead spoon from the site of the London Millennium Bridge, dated to the late fifteenth century (Ayre and Wroe-Brown 2002, fig. 66).

NMGW-578950: SPOON
Roman copper alloy spoon The cast spoon is fragmentary, represented by the proximal part of the bowl and a stub of the stem (with a surviving length of 21.6mm and a weight of 3.6g). The remaining stem fragment is perpendicular to the bowl indicating that the handle was off-set and is of sub-circular section (4.2mm diameter and giving an overall surviving height of 9.0mm). The sides of the bowl are gently convex and divergent to the break, across the bowl (with a maximum surviving width of 19.0mm, where it has a depth of 3.6mm and a thickness of 1.3mm). The rim or edges of the bowl have been slightly damaged and truncated. There is no decoration evident on the spoon fragment. The surface has a mid-green patina with areas of pale-green corrosion.

NMGW-44E6F1: SPEARHEAD
Copper alloy socketed fitting of uncertain function and date, possibly Bronze Age The fitting is cast and is fragmentary broken in antiquity at one end (with a surviving length of 39.5mm and a weight of 38.6g). The mouth is irregular and sub-circular (with an internal diameter of 15mm – 18mm and a maximum thickness of 3.2mm) before a bulbous collar (with a maximum diameter of 26.3mm). The fitting gradually narrows before being near-parallel sided, gently convergent to the break (with a diameter of 16mm – 177mm). Immediately beneath the break are integral lugs now truncated (8mm -9mm long, 4mm thick with a surviving height of 2.3mm). The lugs had a circular perforation, suggesting both may have been loops. The surface is heavily-corroded and pitted with a dark, olive-green patina and areas of pale-green surface loss. Where the surface survives, beneath the loops, there are irregular striations from finishing. The identification and date of the object is uncertain. The looped lugs on opposite sides of a socket is similar to socketed spearheads of Early to Middle Bronze Age date, of Davis’ (2012) Group 2 – 7 of Arreton, Acton Park and Taunton Metalworking, corresponding with Needham’s (1996)[1] Periods 4 -5, and dated to c. 1700 – 1200BC. However a bulbous mouth on a socketed spearhead would be very unusual and is difficult to parallel. Additionally, the narrow looped lugs with thin circular perforations would by unusual. [1] Needham, S. 1996; Chronology and Periodisation in the British Bronze Age, Acta Archaeologica 67, p. 121-140

NMGW-4619AD: SOCKETED AXEHEAD
Late Bronze Age bronze socketed axe fragment of indeterminate type and of Wilburton-Wallington, Ewart Park or Llyn Fawr metalworking industries dated to c. 1,150 – 600BC The fragmentary cast axe is represented by a blade fragment only (with a surviving length of 27.3mm, a blade edge width of 50.6mm, a maximum thickness of 12.3mm and a weight of 44.6g). The base of the socket is evident at break and is rectangular form (38.7mm x 7.0mm and with a maximum surviving depth of 14.6mm). The axe has broken above the blade tips with no surviving blade side remaining on the fragment. The original edge blade edge has been lost and is eroded but has a moderate curved edge (with a surviving depth of 12mm). The surviving blade face fragments are convex across their widths and slightly convex across their short surviving lengths. The surface has remnant patches of a dark-brown patina and elsewhere has a pale green corrosion. The fragmentary nature of the axe makes typological identification indeterminate. The presence of a socket base would imply a Late Bronze Age date for the axe, c. 1,150 – 600BC, probably of Wilburton-Wallington, Ewart Park or Llyn Fawr metalworking industries. The fragment is comparatively heavy, possibly suggesting a leaded bronze, consistent with late Bronze Age and particularly Ewart Park metalwork.

NMGW-481D23: SEAL MATRIX
Medieval lead seal matrix of 13th or 14th century date The seal matrix is near-complete but worn and corroded of circular form with a domed rear (with a diameter of 20.3mm – 21.2mm, a thickness of 5.0mm and a weight of 11.4g). There is a perforated sub-triangular lug on the rear (11.8mm long, 4.5mm high, 2.9mm thick and giving an overall depth of 8.3mm) for the loop. The seal die is heavily-worn and difficult to interpret but appears to have been crudely incised. The central device comprises a cross but is possibly a simple stylised bird. The encircling legend has largely been removed but it is possible to suggest: + S’ WILLI [ ] Seal of William The damage to the latter bard of the inscription may have ben deliberate to remove the name and put the seal out of use.

NMGW-ED8A03: SEAL MATRIX
Medieval copper alloy seal matrix The cast seal matrix is of circular faceted handle form and is near-complete, missing the terminal loop and the edge of the seal die (with a surviving length of 21.1mm and a weight of 7.3g). The damaged loop was above double or triple ribbed mouldings before the hexagonally-faceted handle widening to the circular seal die, now eroded at the edges (with a maximum surviving diameter of 19.1mm). The central device depicts ‘the pelican in her piety’ with the pelican extending across the top of the field with the head to the left (as seen on the impression) and with the beak against the breast. At the base is an arc of sprigs or branches, upon which is a nest, containing three chicks. Unfortunately none of the letters in the encircling legend is complete and the legend can no longer be interpreted. The surface is pitted with a dark-green patina.

NMGW-ABA9BE: SEAL MATRIX
Medieval lead seal matrix of 13th or 14th century date The seal matrix is of pointed-oval form and is near-complete but is now heavily corroded and worn (with a length of 31.0mm, a width of 19.5mm and a weight of 10.4g). The rear of the matrix is flat except for the loop (10.0mm long, 5.1mm wide, 4.0mm high, 3.3mm dimeter and giving the matrix an overall depth of 7.8mm), positioned below the apex. There is the suggestion of a possible rib descending from the base of the loop. The seal die (3.1mm thick) is heavily corroded with little of the encircling legend surviving. The central device depict a Fleur-de-lys but not of the lettering can be confidently interpreted beyond the letter ‘S’ at the beginning.

NMGW-ABC844: SEAL MATRIX
Medieval copper alloy seal matrix of 13th or 14th century date The matrix is of circular form, with an hexagonally faceted handle and is near-complete but with damaged edges and is now heavily-corroded (with a length of 22.7mmand a weight of 5.2g). The loop (3.0mm internal diameter) at the apex of the handle is damaged, missing one side but appears to have been of unusual lozenge form. Beneath the loop, a moulding defined the top of the faceted handle, which expands to the truncated circular seal die, now with eroded edges (of 18.0mm maximum diameter). The central device on the seal depicts a stag’s head, with its snout at the base and antlers extending to the top. Between the antlers is a Cross of Potent or Crosslet form. None of the letters of the encircling legend are now discernible. The corroded surface has a dark-green patina. The seal matrix was found in close proximity to a copper alloy chain (215mm long and weighing 14.7g) and a possible fob, cast in copper alloy depicting an openwork griffin or winged-lion, passant guardant (35.5mm long, 31.5mm high, 4.6mm thick and weighing 10.5g). The fob is missing the raised front leg and is flat and undecorated on the rear. Both the chain and possible fob are likely to be of post medieval date and if associated with the seal, would be of secondary use.

NMGW-A661D8: SEAL MATRIX
Medieval copper alloy seal matrix of 12th or 13th century date The seal matrix is incomplete, missing the terminal loop and with peripheral damage and is heavily-corroded (with a surviving length of 18.6mm and a weight of 7.1g). The missing loop was surmounted on a circular-sectioned handle with a rounded swelling below the loop (9.3mm diameter and 4.5mm diameter below). There appears to have been a circular perforation (1mm diameter) through the widest part of the handle and containing iron, perhaps indicating a chain loop was attached to the handle, possibly as a repair after the integral loop broke. No applied decoration is evident on the handle. The seal die is near-flat, slightly bevelled towards the edges (with a thickness of 3mm) and is circular and is now corroded around the edges (with a maximum diameter of 18.3mm). The central device depicts a larger bird feeding a smaller bird probably representing ‘The Pelican in her Piety’. The bird is depicted, with a ribbed body and with wings pointing to the rear. The long neck is projecting downwards adjacent to the head o0f the smaller bird. The encircling legend is almost entirely lost with only the basal parts of three letters surviving towards the end of the legend. The surface has a pale-brown to dark-green corrosion.

NMGW-33DAF7: SEAL MATRIX
Medieval lead seal matrix of 13th or 14th century date The cast seal is of pointed oval form and is incomplete, missing some of the edge and the rear-loop (with a surviving length of 28.6mm, a surviving width of 17.5mm, a thickness of 3.4mm and a weight of 8.1g). The loop at the rear of the matrix is placed comparatively low beneath the apex (7mm below) and is damaged, missing the top of the loop (with a length of 10.5mm, a width of 5.1mm, surviving height of 4.2mm, an internal diameter of 3.2mm and giving the matrix a maximum surviving depth of 7.8mm). The seal die has a central device comprising three pairs of vertical lines, interrupted by two horizontal oval knops, representing a stylise fleur-de-lys. The encircling legend is only partially preserved and now difficult to read possibly: * S’ SVS[ ]IVEINIE The missing letters of the name make interpretation difficult and uncertain. The surface is corroded, worn and cracked

NMGW-EDADE3: POLISHED AXEHEAD
Neolithic polished stone axe The axe is fragmentary, represented by approximately half with the blade-end present (with a surviving length of 108.3mm and a weight of 310.6g). The break occurred in antiquity but a further flake has been detached from the broken end and blade more recently. The axe has an oval body section, with a flat facet on each side (with a width at the break of 65.2mm, a thickness of 30.6mm and a side facet width of 4mm – 6mm). The surviving lengths of the side are near-straight, slightly convex (reaching a surviving maximum width of 66.4mm, 42mm from the blade edge). The blade edge (with a width of 63.2mm) has a moderate curve (19mm deep). The faces were moderately convex across their lengths before converging at the blade. The surfaces are well-polished although the bases of a number of flaking scars remain evident. There are a number of flaking scars and edge damaged on the blade that has patinated and is likely to be contemporary with the use of the axe. The mineralogy of axe was examined visually and microscopically by Jana Horak[1] who identified the mineral as a fine-grained siliceous rhyolite, a tuff with weak banding and pale weathering. The stone is likely to have been local to South West Wales and may potentially be Group VIII stone. [1] Head of Mineralogy & Petrology; Amgueddfa Cymru

NMGW-EC8609: PIN
Copper alloy pin of uncertain date, possibly Early Medieval, c. 8th or 9th century The pin is incomplete, missing much of the shaft and is heavily corroded (with a surviving length of 35.4mm and a weight of 8.9g). The pin head is now worn and rounded (19.9mm long and 15.1mm maximum width) but may originally have been of faceted polyhedral form. The pin head was enhanced with circular indentations in a zig-zag arrangement across the midsection of the head. The indentations may have been within an incised ring or possibly infilled with a setting but no trace now survives. At the apex there appears to have been knop, now largely lost. At the base, the head narrows and appears to have had a collar (6mm diameter). The pin shaft is now of sub-rectangular section (2mm – 3mm section) but may have been circular sectioned before the corrosion although it is also possible that the object is an unusual decorative stud. The original surface does not survive and has been stripped to a pale brown corroded surface. The high level of corrosion makes identification difficult, if the suggestion of a collared pin with a polyhedral head and ring-and dot decoration is correct, then it is possible to suggest an Early Medieval date, possibly of 8th or 9th century date.

NMGW-5957A5: PALSTAVE
Bronze Age bronze early palstave or Early Short-Flanged axe, sharing features with Bar-Stop axes (Stegbeile) as defined by Schmidt and Burgess (1981, p.89-90)[1] and of Acton Park 1 metalworking industry, straddling the end of the Early Bronze Age to the beginning of the Middle Bronze Age; c. 1600 – 1400BC The axe is near-complete but is heavily-corroded (with a length of 144.5mm and a weight of 321.7g). The butt appears slightly eroded and is of irregular shape (with a width of 20.4mm and a thickness of 4.5mm). The sides are straight and near-parallel as far as the top of the blade, to a point just below where the flanges end (where the axe has a width of 26.4mm). There is no suggestion that there was a side loop but there is the suggestion of possible nicking on the sides where the flanges end, although corrosion has removed any detail. Below the flanges the sides diverge more sharply to produce an expanded blade with a crescentic blade edge (51.3mm wide), damaged on one side. The sides are flat across their thicknesses. The flanges are truncated through corrosion or damage and begin just beneath the butt, rising with a gradual curve to reach a maximum height above the stop (with a maximum surviving height of 23.5mm). The flanges appear comparatively thin (at 2.5mm – 3.7mm thick) and are perpendicular to the septum. The septum is flat across its length and has a gentle concavity across its width (with a thickness of 6.5mm, a length of 57mm and a width of 16mm – 18mm). The ledge stop is perpendicular to the septum (with a height of 11.0mm) and has a slight concavity across its width. There is a casting flaw at the base of the stop on one face. On one face, the stop projects above the blade faces, highest at the centre (5.1mm high) but near level to the blade at the sides and giving the impression of the stop being detached from the flanges. The stop on the other face (with the flaw) is less raised above the face and here the flanges are more damaged, making any distinction poorly defined. There is no shield pattern or midrib now evident below the stop, there is however the suggestion of a D-shaped depression at the top of the blade and it is possible to tentatively suggest an enclosing moulding, where the surface is better preserved on one face. The blade faces are subtly convex across both their lengths and widths with no discernible blade facets but giving a near-rectangular body section. There is a curved ridge evident on both faces (19mm from the blade edge) and is likely to define the position of a blade facet, now lost to corrosion. The original surface has largely been lost but with occasional surviving remnants of dark-brown patina over the pitted, pale-green surface. The axe appears to be somewhat transitional between flanged axes and early palstaves. The prominent bar ledge stop relates to ‘primitive’ palstaves, perhaps of Shield Pattern type, if the suggested shield-pattern decoration is correct. The separation between the stop and flanges, perhaps relates to Early Short Flanged axes and the suggested nicked sides would also be an early feature. The loss of more subtle details of the axe makes precise typological identification difficult. Needham (1996, p 133)[2] and others have argued that there is considerable overlap for ‘final EBA and earliest MBA’ types and this axe form would appear to relate to this overlap. [1] Schmidt, P.K. & Burgess, C. 1981; The Axes of Scotland and Northern Ireland, Praähistorische Bronzefunde Abteilung IX, 7. Band 7 [2] Needham, S. 1996; Chronology and Periodisation in the British Bronze Age, Acta Archaeologica 67, p. 121-140

NMGW-342386: PALSTAVE
Middle to Late Bronze Age bronze palstave fragment of indeterminate type The cast looped palstave fragment has lost the blade, butt and loop and is represented by the stop fragment (with a surviving length of 46.6mm and a weight of 106.4g). The sides of the palstave are straight for their short lengths, either side of the breaks. The butt end is sub-rectangular sectioned at the break (17.8mm x 12.2mm), slightly concave across the width of the septum and has lost the flanges. One side has a prominent raised stub (giving a maximum surviving width of 26.4mm) from the remains of the loop. The stops are truncated slightly (with a height above the septum of 5 -6mm and a thickness of 24.0mm) and are straight and vertical. The top of the stops are bevelled to the blade, which is of sub-rectangular section at the break (20.9mm x 15.4mm), with convex faces, across their widths. There is the suggestion of ribs at the top of the blade faces but now lost to corrosion. Both breaks occurred in antiquity and the position of the breaks may suggest deliberate damage to the palstave. The surface is worn and corroded with a dark-green patina and areas of pale-green corrosion. The fragmentary state of the palstave makes typological identification indeterminate but the slender form with a loop would suggest Low Flanged. Transitional or Late Palstaves of Taunton, Penard, Wilburton-Wallington or Ewart Park metalworking, dated to c. 1400 – 750BC.

NMGW-45CE91: PALSTAVE
Bronze Age bronze palstave of Group I, Primary Shield Pattern type as defined by Schmidt & Burgess (1981)[1] and of Acton Park 1 metalworking Industry corresponding to Needham’s (1996)[2] Period 4 and probably dated to c. 1600 – 1450BC The palstave is near-complete, missing the top of the flanges and with some surface damage (with an overall length of 157mm and a weight of 316.0g). The butt (with a width of 24.0mm and a thickness of 5.0mm) is straight and is slightly angled. The sides are straight and near-parallel to a point below the stop (with a width at the stop of 26.2mm, where the axe has a depth of 31.6mm). Below the stop (13mm below) both sides have a transverse rib or nicked-sides. The sides are moderately divergent beneath the nicks, producing a comparatively narrow and unexpanded blade edge (with a blade width of 52.0mm). The casting seams are evident on both sides but have been neatly finished. The flanges rise from the butt and have a straight top edge, the tops are now truncated but probably reached their maximum heights above the stop (16mm above the stop and with a maximum surviving height of 29.7mm). The septum is flat and is near-perpendicular to the flanges and stops (with heights of 11.4mm and 12.9mm). The stops have a slight curve across their width and are very slightly under-cut. The stops are also raised above the faces (with a height of 8.6mm and a thickness of 4.0mm - 6.8mm). The flanges extend onto the faces (for 20mm), before converging together as a shield moulding, enclosing a shallow depression. Both faces also have a midrib beginning below the stop and forming a trident decoration with the shield. The faces have a sub-rectangular section but slightly convex and with a midrib. There is no obvious blade facet on the unexpanded edge. The surface has a dark-brown patina, which has laminated to a mid-brown surface above a green-brown surface. This palstave does not closely correspond with the two subtypes proposed by Schmidt and Burgess (1981) but is closer to their Type Acton Park but is considerably smaller than most palstaves of the type and also has a trident decoration, rather than a shield. [1] Schmidt, P.K. & Burgess, C. 1981; The Axes of Scotland and Northern Ireland, Praähistorische Bronzefunde Abteilung IX, 7. Band 7 [2] Needham, S. 1996; Chronology and Periodisation in the British Bronze Age, Acta Archaeologica 67, p. 121-140

NMGW-5A6000: NAIL CLEANER
Copper alloy looped fitting, possibly a Roman nail cleaner of 1st or 2nd century AD date The fitting appears to be complete but a little distorted (with a length of 50.1mm and a weight of 0.8g). At the apex is a loop with out-turned terminal (4.6mm deep and 3.0mm internal diameter), which contains a central slot around from the terminal to where the loop returns. The slot contains a fragment of circular-sectioned wire abutting the interior of the strip. The strip or shaft below the loop is of consistent rectangular section (2.8mm wide and 0.6mm thick) with no surviving decoration. The shaft terminates in a two-pronged fork (1mm long) with no central groove on either face. The surface has been stripped to a red-brown corrosion with patches of pale-green corrosion discernible. The loop and forked-end occur on simple nail-cleaners of Roman date but the looped shaft would be somewhat unusual and falls outside of Crummy’s (1983)[1] typology for nail-cleaners. Furthermore the slot containing wire suggests the fitting may have been sprung and therefore indicates a different function. The forked end does appear to be deliberate and not broken but the lack of a central groove would be atypical. [1] Crummy, N.; 1983, The Roman Small Finds from excavations in Colchester 1971-9; Colchester Archaeological Report 2

NMGW-73ABA2: MOUNT
Post medieval copper alloy belt or strap mount of 16th or 17th century date The mount is complete and of figurative form with a trefoil terminal (with a length of 19.2mm and a weight of 1.8g). The mount is widest at the trefoil terminal (with a width of 11.9mm) and has concave sides below, before narrowing at the base. The mount was attached using two integral, oval-sectioned rivets, closed around a strap (with a height of 6.1mm and giving an overall depth of 8.1mm). The surface has a black patina.

NMGW-31DE9D: MOUNT
Medieval Copper alloy hinged mount of c. 13th -15th century date The mount is of rectangular form and is missing the hinged component (56.3mm long, 12.8mm wide, 1.7mm thick and weighing 8.1g). The hinge is formed by folding the sheet plate, with an iron axis bar (5.0mm deep) and slot to accommodate the corresponding part of the hinge. A separate dome-headed rivet secured the end of the folded hinge and protrudes further, probably a fixing to secure the mount (6.6mm long). The sides of mount are now slightly concave, probably from corrosion and wear. The mount terminal is perforated (3.5mm diameter) for another fixing, now lost. The mount was divided into four decorative zones by transverse grooves but corrosion has masked any other decorative detail. The surface is heavily corroded and pitted with a dark-green patina and traces of gilding surviving. The hinged mount may have decorated a small box or possibly a book.

NMGW-820B30: KNIFE
Prehistoric flint knife made on on a pale yellow-gey blade, with retouch the distal end of of one edge.

NMGW-5A25A8: KNIFE
Prehistoric flint knife, probably of Neolithic date The flint is cortical and has patinated pale brown grey, made on beach pebble flint. The knife is complete made on an oval flake (47.3mm wide, 34.8mm long, 2.1mm thick and weighing 16.3g) which is retouched all along the edge except for the cortex on the dorsal face and also retouched ay the proximal end, to the side of the bulb of percussion on the ventral face. Flaking at the bulb may have been an attempt to thin the flake.

NMGW-062843: JETTON
Late medieval copper alloy jetton Probably of French or Tournai origin and of early 15th century date VIVE LE ROI . VIVE AMOVRS Long live the king . Long live love

NMGW-6D3828: HOOKED TAG
Description: Silver gilt dress-hook with a rectangular-shaped back-plate cut from a sheet and the suggestion of cusping around the now broken edge. It has a small rectangular perforation for attachment to clothing, and the stub of a separate hook and bar loop (now missing) is soldered to the back. Attached to the front of the plate by solder is a hollow silver gilt box with three panels, each decorated with four hollow hemispherical bosses (upper examples now squashed), surrounded by fine filigree and pellets; cable twisted rods demarcate the panel edges. There is a cast fleur-de-lys concealing the soldered junction of the hook with the base. The back of the baseplate is scratched with what may be an ‘X’, if not random, a possible maker’s mark. Gilding does not extend along the full length to the hook. Overall length 35.3mm; maximum width 15.9mm one end, 17.1 other end; maximum height 8.1mm; slot in backplate 9.6 x 4.6mm; backplate thickness 0.6mm; weight 7.42g. Summary and conclusions: The box form of this decorative dress-hook is closely paralleled by an example from Cranbrook, Kent (TAR 2003, no. 234), and similar forms from Wanborough, Wiltshire (TAR 2000, no. 183), Chelsham Court Farm, Chelsham, Surrey (Gaimster et al 2002, 166 no. 8), and Arreton, Isle of Wight (TAR 2005-6, no. 656). Documentary evidence indicates that these items were popular in the sixteenth century (the latest reference in an inventory being dated 1598; Gaimster et al 2002, 184). A close parallel from Wales is provided by a silver dress-hook from Llanfair, Vale of Glamorgan, which had a hollow silver gilt box with three panels, each decorated with a pair of hollow hemispherical bosses, surrounded by fine filigree and plain rods demarcating panels. It also had a cast fleur-de-lys above the pin and the junction with the base, and there are pellets between the bosses (Treasure Case 2011.08). Like the Pembrokeshire example, the back of its baseplate is engraved with an ‘X’ or ‘V’ and a ‘ω’, presumably maker’s marks.

NMGW-59A913: HARNESS PENDANT
Medieval copper alloy shield-shaped harness pendant of 13th or 14th century date The shield-shaped pendant is near-complete but heavily-corroded (with an overall length of 39.6mm and a weight of 6.8g). The pendant was hinged to a missing suspension mount by the oval loop at the apex (with a length of 8.8mm high, a depth of 4.6mm and 2.3mm – 3.7mm thick) with a sub-circular perforation, containing the iron corrosion from the hinge pin. The shield-shaped pendant (31.4mm long, 23.5mm wide and 1.0mm – 2.0mm thick) was convex but has been distorted. The heraldic device included a Cross, slightly recessed, possibly for enamel and possibly enhanced with elaborate sides. Corrosion has removed much of the detail in addition to any enamel or gilding on the pendant. The surface been stripped to dark-brown metal with a pale-green patchy corrosion.

NMGW-345D0B: HARNESS PENDANT
Medieval copper alloy harness pendant of late 13th to early 14th century date The cast and enamelled harness pendant is shield-shaped and near-complete, missing the suspension mount and top of the loop but is heavily-corroded (with a surviving overall length of 38.3mm and a weight of 7.0g). The suspension loop has been truncated through corrosion (with a surviving length of 9.7mm and a surviving depth of 4.8mm). The shield-shaped pendant (with a length of 29.3mm and a maximum width of 23.7mm) is heraldic with an enamelled device, now largely corroded. The shield has five or six horizontal raised ribs or bars and six red enamelled (gules) standing birds (close), possibly martlets around the border. The enamel from between the bars has been lost but microscopic analysis was able to confirm the presence of remnant blue enamel. There is also the suggestion of green discolouration although this is likely to be the result of copper alloy corrosion product. The surface is heavily corroded with a dark-brown corroded surface. Although the surrounding enamel has largely been lost, it is very likely that the Heraldry was associated with the arms of Aymer de Valence, Second Earl of Pembroke (c. 1275 – 23 June 1324): barry of twelve argent and azure, border of six martlets gules.

NMGW-A32297: HARNESS FITTING
Early Medieval copper alloy harness mount probably of 11th century date The harness mount or strap distributor is of four-arm, cross form (four-way harness link) and is incomplete, missing one of the arms and the loop from another arm (with a surviving length of 61.5mm, a surviving width of 50.1mm and a weight of 43.7g). The arms are of D-shaped section (6.1mm wide and 5-6mm thick) with concave sides. The harness strap loops are circular to oval (9mm diameter) and are bevelled towards the rear. The loops are enhanced with three rounded knops (5-6mm wide, 5-6mm thick and 4-5m high). The central boss is domed with a flat top (17.7mm high, 19.3mm diameter at the base and 11m diameter at the apex). The rear of the boss is hollow. One side of the boss is damaged and perforated, where the missing arm has been lost. The surface is poorly preserved with remnant traces of pale green patina; elsewhere the surface has a red-brown colour. The harness mount can be closely paralleled with an example recovered from Sutton, Suffolk (Williams 2007, p 5-6) Published in Redknap (2012, 191; fig. 5c)

NMGW-575E12: HARNESS FITTING
Iron Age copper alloy terret fragment of indeterminate type and probably of 2nd century BC to 1st century AD date The cast fragmentary terret is heavily-corroded and represented by the bar and basal part of the hoop or ring in two fragments and is a comparatively large example (with a surviving length of 92.6mm and a weight of 38.6g (33.6g & 5.0g)). The bar is of trapezoidal section with bevelled sides (with a length of 57.7mm, a width of 7.4mm - 12.8mm and a thickness 5.6mm). The bar is distorted and torn near its centre. The terminals or collars are oval sectioned and one collar is smaller than the other (12.5mm x 10.1mm & 10.5mm x 9.1mm and 5.0mm long). The larger collar has a decorative grooved border on the inside edge, not evident on the outside edge or on the smaller terminal, even though some of the surface survives and is possible worn. Both collars extend on to the underside of the terret. The ring is of sub-oval section, wider near the collars (with a maximum width and thickness of 8.6mm and 6.8mm respectively) and narrows towards the break. The inside face of the longer surviving part of the ring is flattened, possibly the result of wear from straps. There was a decorative rib on the outside of the ring, defined by flanking grooves but now corroded. There is the suggestion the rib may have been enhanced with notches. No other decoration is evident on the terret fragment. The surface is worn, corroded and heavily-pitted but with areas of surviving surface having a dark-green patina. File-marks are evident on the upper and lower surfaces of the bar.

NMGW-EBDF21: GOUGE
Copper tanged gouge of uncertain date possibly Bronze Age The cast tanged gouge is complete (with a length of 86.2mm and a weight of 24.7g). The tang is pointed at its apex ad below is square to rectangular sectioned, with straight sides gradually diverging towards the blade (reaching a maximum thickness of 5.6mm at the top of the blade, where the gouge has a width of 9.8mm). The sides of the blade are also straight and diverge more markedly to the blade edge. There are no lugs or mouldings on the sides. The blade edge is straight (with a width of 23.4mm and, a depth of 4.2mm). The flute gradually both deepens and widens along the blade (with a length of 37mm). The surface is heavily-corroded and is stripped to the red-brown metal with traces of pale to dark-green patina. Metallurgical analysis was conducted on the gouge using X-Ray Fluorescence and suggested that the metal composition is largely copper. The gouge is of an unusual form and cannot easily be paralleled in Bronze Age metalwork. Gouges generally are of socketed form and date to the Late Bronze Age. Very few tanged gouges are recorded, with one of the few instances in the Carlton Rode (Norwich) hoard[1] of Ewart Park metalworking, although the examples are of significantly different form, being slender and collared. Tanged chisels are easier to parallel and also date to the Late Bronze Age but also generally have a collar or side lugs. Simple ‘chisels’ of similar form have been recovered, including the ‘axe-chisel’ from Llandyfan (Anglesey) associated with an Early Bronze Age Food Vessel urn (Savory 1980, no. 334)[2]. The suggested copper composition would be very unusual for Middle and Late Bronze Age artefacts and if Bronze Age, a Late Bronze Age date may be expected for the gouge. Therefore it is perhaps unlikely that the gouge dates to the Bronze Age but cannot be discounted. [1] NHER Number: 1002 [2] Savory, H.; 1980; A Guide Collection of the Bronze Age Collections; National Museum of Wales

NMGW-5942EB: FLAT AXEHEAD
Early Bronze Age developed flat axe of Needham’s Class 4 but of uncertain sub-type, probably dating to Willerby assemblage (Metalworking Assemblage V), the later part of Needham’s (1996)[1] Period 3 to c. 1900 – 1600BC The axehead is near-complete but has lost all of its surface, except at the blade edge and is a comparatively small axe (with a length of 80.5mm and a weight of 101.8g). The axe is likely to have had a lozengic long profile but the surface loss has eradicated any median bevel. The butt (with a width of 18mm and a thickness of 1.7mm) is straight and angled to one side. The sides are straight and near-parallel, gently divergent, before diverging more sharply at the blade (52mm from the butt, where the axe body has a width of 25.5mm). The blade is now asymmetric, differentially worn or corroded on one side. The blade edge is moderately expanded, producing a curved blade edge (with a surviving blade width of 38.2mm). The flanges appear to have begun just below the butt and probably reached their maximum heights around the midpoint of the axe (with a surviving maximum depth of 11.3mm and a height of 2.1mm), which was likely to have corresponded with the median bevel. The sides are convex across their thicknesses and there is the suggestion of a central ridge. The flanges are likely to have been hammered, rather than cast. The faces are now gently convex across their lengths, with no surviving evidence for a median bevel or for blade facets. The blades also have a gentle convexity across their widths. The surface survives near the blade edge with a dark-brown green patina. Sharpening striations running along the blade are discernible on one face. Elsewhere the surface has been lost and has corroded bright-green. The loss of surface detail makes typological identification difficult. The low flanges indicate a developed form and the straight butt and straight, near-parallel sides, only more divergent at the blade may suggest an axe of Type Bandon, as defined by Schmidt and Burgess (1981, p. 65-8)[2], furthermore, its comparatively small size would seemingly indicate the variant Swinton. [1] Needham, S. 1996; Chronology and Periodisation in the British Bronze Age, Acta Archaeologica 67, p. 121-140 [2] Schmidt, P.K. & Burgess, C. 1981; The Axes of Scotland and Northern Ireland, Praähistorische Bronzefunde Abteilung IX, 7. Band 7

NMGW-457F5C: FLAT AXEHEAD
Early Bronze Age bronze flat axe of uncertain type, probably an axe-blank perhaps related to Type Migdale, c. 2,100 -1900BC The cast flat axe is incomplete somewhat truncated and with considerable peripheral damage (with a maximum surviving length of 141.3mm and a weight of 356.0g) and has no developed features, comprising a sub-triangular bronze slab. The damaged butt is narrow and arched (with a width of 20mm and a thickness of 5.2mm). The sides are somewhat damaged but appear to be near-straight and divergent or gently concave, before widening more sharply near the blade (with a surviving blade edge width of 64.2mm and a thickness of 6.1mm) but not expanded. The straight blade does not have an edge and it is unclear whether the edge is truncated or was unworked. Both faces are flat (10.6mm 50mm from the blade end), although one face more so and suggests it was in contact with the mould during casting. The original surface has been lost and the surface is heavily-pitted and has a bright-green and light-brown corrosion. Damage at the sides (54mm) from the butt exposes a lamination running along the axe and evident from both sides and probably the result of the casting process. The axe has few diagnostic or developed features and has lost most of the edges, making any identification uncertain. The ‘as-cast’ face suggests that the axe is unworked and therefore may be interpreted as an axe blank. The general form with narrow butt and broad blade is perhaps closer to Migdale axe forms and suggests a contemporary date Visual analysis suggests the metal is a bronze, rather than copper but it has not been possible to scientifically test the alloy. If possible, analysis later may provide further evidence for the date of the axe.

NMGW-02B0CE: FINGER RING
Gold mourning ring with stylized skull on outside of hoop. The hoop, which is misshapen, is of flattened D cross-section. The inner face of the hoop is inscribed with the text A. E. obijt 30 Jan' 17034, in italic script (A. E. died 30th January 1703/4). Internal hoop diameter 20.07 mm x 12.7mm; band width 4mm; band thickness 1.1mm; weight 3.34g. The ring has not undergone any cleaning or conservation. The form of the ring and style of lettering indicates that it dates to the early eighteenth century, a date confirmed by the commemorative inscription. The skull/death's head as a motif occurs on the earliest mourning rings, dating to the fifteenth century, and the motif remained popular thought the seventeenth century. As the ring is commemorative, it post-dates the date of death, but is likely to have been engraved within a short period.

NMGW-02EBA6: FINGER RING
central device in the form of a merchant's mark (comprising an encircled cross above interlaced cross stems, between small quatrefoils), within a single rope/indented border. One shoulder is engraved with a tau cross, and a slight depression below may be the remains of a motif. The hoop is slightly distorted, and the shoulder with the tau cross has severe surface scratching. There is a slightly golden colour within border indents which may be gilding, but this is difficult to verify without cleaning. Internal diameter 22.4mm ; maximum bezel width 12.3mm x 14.8; minimum hoop width 7mm; minimum hoop thickness 1.8mm; weight 13.28g. The ring has not undergone any cleaning or conservation. In terms of design and style of the iconography, the ring is probably of fifteenth- or early sixteenth-century date. A close parallel to the shoulders occurs on the shoulders of the gold episcopal ring of Richard Mayo, Bishop of Hereford (1504-1518; Merewether 1844, 249; Cherry 1995, 151-52). Its shoulder are engraved with a tau-shaped cross filled with green enamel and below it a small engraved bell, while the inside of the ring bears the inscription ave maria (Cherry 2003, 371). The putative depression on the Haverfordwest ring may be the ghost of a similar devise (worn away), though it might result from poor casting. The tau became associated with St Anthony, and Mayo's tau cross may have represented a continuing connection with Antonine hospitals which devoted themselves mostly to the treatment of the disease known as St Anthony's fire, or ignis sacer (also known as erysipelas; Husband 1992, 25; Cherry 2003, 152), as well as being invoked against plague. In 1995, there were twenty-five rings known from England or in English collections bearing the tau cross on shoulder or hoop, and sixteen of those listed are signet rings (Cherry 1995). All are fifteenth or early sixteenth century, coinciding with the popularity of the Antonines from the mid-fifteenth century to the early sixteenth century. This is not the first tau cross ring to be found in Wales. A massive fifteenth-century gold signet engraved with a Lombardic R within a Gothic border, and tau crosses on the shoulders, was found about 1870 in the garden of a small town house in Abergavenny (Octavius Morgan 1873, 51). Tau crosses include those in the British Museum (Dalton 1912, nos 528, 530, 592), Ashmolean Museum, Oxford (Fortnum Collection, 329), and V&A collection (Oman 1930, no. 542), and it is possible that some of the rings belonged to persons who were connected with the orders under the patronage of St Anthony. For monograms on fifteenth-century and early sixteenth-century finger rings, see Dalton 1012 (nos 431, 432, 559).

NMGW-115DBC: FINGER RING
The reported object is a silver gilt iconographic ring (weight 7.18g). It has a ridged bezel, each facet engraved with three words, each on a separate facet of the rectangular bezel: ihs (between simplified sprigs) ave maria (in Black Letter script) Each shoulder is engraved with sprigs, within twisted volutes, the ridge tops beaded. Externally the lower hoop has the form of a plain rope moulding. The maximum external diameter is 23.8mm; internal hoop diameter 20.02mm; maximum bezel length 11.7mm; bezel width 9.3mm; thickness 1.7mm; minimum band width 3.7mm; weight 7.18g. There is slight wear to the raised areas if the ring. The object has not undergone any cleaning or conservation. In terms of size and design, the object is a fine example of a religious ring. Comparison with other rings indicates that it is probably late fifteenth-century in date. The design shows some wear. Versions of legend is common on the fourteenth- and fifteenth- century rings (eg Dalton 1912, nos 691-694). For a similar shoulder design, see Dalton 1912, no. 766. Other religious legends on medieval rings from Wales include Ave Maria Gracia Plena Dn Tecum from Llanrumney near Cardiff, and the ihs monogram on a copper-alloy ring from Cardiff Greyfriars (Redknap and Cherry 1991, 123). It is my opinion that as an object which has at least 10 per cent by weight precious metal, and which is at least 300 years old, this item is Treasure under Section 1 (1) (a) of the Treasure Act 1996.

NMGW-5A3DB1: FINGER RING
Post medieval silver finger-ring of mid to late 18th century date The sub-circular finger-ring is complete (with an external diameter of 20.7mm – 21.9mm, an internal diameter of 17.9mm – 18.6mm, a thickness of 1.3mm, a width of 7.5mm and a weight of 5.8g). The hoop has a raised border on both sides flanking a recessed band decorated with triangles composed of pellets in cast relief. The triangles are arranged in alternating orientation with an undecorated area between. There is a neatly soldered join on the band. The surface has a tarnished, silvery-brown patina. The finger-ring dates to the mid or later part of the 18th century[1] and therefore falls outside the scope of the 1997 Treasure Act. [1] Dr Mark Redknap pers. Comm.

NMGW-616863: FINGER RING
A stamped copper alloy finger ring of post medieval date (18th to 19th Century). The ring is formed from a flat sheet strip of copper alloy stamped with a repeating design, bent into a ring and soldered to join the ends. The stamped design alternates between groups of three transverse bars with ribbed grooves either side of each bar, and rectangular sections containing a lozenge with concave sides and flat points. The inside of the lozenges contain stamped floral decoration, with petal shapes radiating from two opposing trefoils. The ring is complete and bears a dark green and brown patina. These rings are usually identified as trinkets or prizes/gifts from fairs, and have been ascribed a wide range of dates on the PAS database, although a later 19th century date seems more likely. KENT-6F5CBC, KENT-72A155, LIN-A7A70D, WILT-EE6226, LANCUM-BBE044, are among many of this type of ring recorded on the PAS database.

NMGW-0A9865: FINGER RING
Silver finger ring, now flattened out (to judge from the decoration and overall length, one fragment of hoop is missing). The decoration, which extends all along the external face, has been first engraved and then inlaid with niello (now partially preserved). Three square panels of ornament with single line borders, are each separated by two 2-strand rows of dots (reminiscent of cablework strands found on some finger rings at this time); the fields at each end are incomplete and differ - one without a border

NMGW-EC25B9: EWER
Medieval copper alloy ewer spout, probably of 15th century date The cast zoomorphic ewer spout is in the form of a dog’s head with the damaged spout protruding from the open mouth. The spout is otherwise near-complete, with some damage to the attachment end (with an overall length of 63.8mm and a weight of 51.9g) and would have been soldered to the body of the ewer at the curved and convex oval attachment end (with external dimensions: 40.8mm long and 13.8mm wide). The dog has oval ears, drooping at the side of the head, rather than protruding above the head. The pointed-oval eyes are incised and one has a prominent internal groove. The snout is concave and faceted with a central ridge. The brow on top of the dog’s head may also have had a mid-ridge but is now corroded. The neck of the dog is oval-sectioned, with a ridge on the underside and top. The spout is damaged on one side and is sub-circular with near-straight sides (protruding 3.4mm – 6.7mm from the dog’s mouth, with an internal diameter of 6.4mm and 10.3mm external), perhaps slightly truncated. The surface is heavily-pitted and corroded but with a surviving dark -green patina with areas of grey-green corrosion. A similar ewer spout depicting a dog’s head and dated to the 15th century was recovered from the moat of Cardiff Castle (Lewis, 1991)[1]. [1] Lewis, J.M. (1991), Bronze Aquamaniles and Ewers, Finds Research Group 700-1700 Datasheet 7

NMGW-455AE4: DIRK
Butt fragment from a Bronze Age blade, possibly a rapier or dirk, and possibly dating to c. 1600 – 1300BC The blade is fragmentary, represented by the incomplete butt and top of the blade (with a surviving length of 61.5mm and a weight of 40.0g). The butt is of irregular trapezoidal form and is thinnest at the end (with a maximum width of 45.6mm and a minimum thickness of 2.3mm). There are no obvious rivet holes surviving on the butt although a slight recess near the centre of the top edge may possibly be the remnants of a rivet hole. A central ridge is evident just before the end of the butt and develops as a prominent mid-ridge on the top of the blade. The butt is asymmetric, with three edges on one side and two on the other, although the maximum width of the butt from the central ridge is consistent on both sides. The butt both narrows and thickens to the top of the blade (with a width of 31mm and a thickness of 4.9mm). The blade narrows further towards the break (to 24.0mm wide and 5.2mm thick). The prominent mid-ridge along the blade creates a lozengic blade section. The blade edges have been lost on both sides. There are a number of striations running at different angles off the edges of the butt that appear to be preserved beneath the patina and are discernible on both faces. The surface has a dark-brown patina with areas of grey-green surface loss and bright-green corrosion. The fragmentary state of the blade and loss of diagnostic features makes identification difficult. The trapezoidal butt form and prominent mid-ridge on the blade may tentatively suggest a Group II – III blade but the lack of rivet holes further complicates any identification. The butt is comparatively substantial, possibly suggesting a larger weapon, perhaps a Group III rapier ‘with damaged butt’. If the suggestion of a Group II – III blade is correct, then the weapon is likely to relate to Acton Park to Taunton metalworking, dating to c. 1600 – 1300BC.

NMGW-EDF0CB: CORE
Flint blade core, probably of Mesolithic date The blade core (weight 30.2g) is a double-platform core made on a beach-pebble, with platforms at each end. The blades have all been removed from one side, with the other side being cortical. There is evidence of core preparation grinding on both platforms. The flint has patinated pale-grey to white.

NMGW-C6E489: COIN HOARD
One hundred and five Roman coins of the third century A.D., with a date range c. 255-286. The coins have not been cleaned: for the most part they are corroded and cannot be catalogued in full detail. The coins are all of the type known today as 'radiates' (from the form of headgear of the imperial portraits). A summary list by reign can be seen below. Several other objects submitted by the finder were all found in the same general area. These have been examined by Mr Evan Chapman of AC-NMW. The copper-alloy vessel appears to have been placed in the ground upside-down, surviving only as the rim and upper body, the bulk of its body having presumably been removed by subsequent agricultural activity. Copper alloy vessel Top part of a copper alloy bowl or dish with a simple, outward projecting, D-shaped rim. The rim is complete but little if the body of the vessel survives. What does is decorated by incised decoration and has traces of silvering on the outside. Running round the vessel below the rim are two pairs of parallel grooves, between which is a band decorated by a row of upward pointing semicircles, resting on the upper groove of the lower pair. Where the vessel survives below this there are the remains of a leaf-tendril scroll-pattern. Diameter 175mm; maximum surviving depth 29mm; thickness 1mm; width of rim 6mm. A Roman date for the vessel is entirely possible but it is difficult to parallel in either form or decoration. There is a slightly larger vessel (220mm diameter) with a similar rim form from near Nijmegen, but the profile of the vessel appears to be more rounded (den Boesterd 1956, 60 no.201). Similar incised decoration can be seen on vessel repair patches in the vessel hoard from Burwell (Gregory 1976, 77 nos.17-18) and a similar floral scroll-pattern, picked out in small punched dots, on a fragment from Lydney (Wheeler 1932, 86 no.103). The manufacture of the Nijmegen vessel is dated to the late first century AD; the deposition of the Burwell hoard to the third century or later; the Lydney piece is undated. Other reported objects 1. Copper alloy spoon with pear shaped bowl and a stepped shoulder between bowl and handle. Handle tapers to a point. Traces of a silvered or tinned surface. Probably first half of second century AD. 2. Fragment of an everted rim of a small, probably jar shaped, copper alloy vessel. Rim diameter 65mm. Probably the remains of the type of Roman vessel referred to as an ointment pot or incense pot. 3. Rim fragment of a straight sided vessel with a traces of silvering/tinning both inside and out. Probably the remains of a Roman saucepan. 4. Three fragments of copper alloy sheet, at least two with traces of silvering on at least one face. Possibly fragments of a vessel but with no definite connection to either of the rim fragments.

NMGW-7D2077: COIN
A copper alloy Roman nummus of the House of Valentinian (AD 364-378), dating to the period AD 364-378 (Reece Period 19). SECVRITAS REI PVBLICAE reverse type, depicting Victory advancing left, holding wreath and palm. Unclear mint.

NMGW-073C04: COIN
Medieval silver coin Henry III (1216-72) 'Long Cross' cut halfpenny NIC-OLE[ ]; Nicole, uncertain mint Class 3, c. 1248-50 0.47g, clipped

NMGW-07FF03: COIN
Medieval silver coin Henry VI (1422-61) halfpenny, London Leaf-Trefoil issue (1435-8) Obverse: hERIC.. with saltire stops Rev. reads CIVI-TAS-LON-DO North 1492 / Withers Lss 0.46g

NMGW-0814E3: COIN
Post medieval silver coin Elizabeth I (1558-1603) groat, London Uncertain privy mark (c. 1560-1) 1.52g, worn and holed

NMGW-73B7B0: COIN
Post medieval copper alloy coin Elizabeth I (155-1603) penny for Ireland dated 1601 1.29g, corroded

NMGW-BDEB99: COIN
Post Medieval silver coin Elizabeth I (1558-1603) sixpence, London Privy mark: coronet (& dated 1567) 2.96g

NMGW-657AAD: COIN
Post medieval silver coin Henry VIII (1509-47) groat, London Second coinage (1526-44); privy mark: Lys on the obverse and Pheon on the reverse 5.23g

NMGW-65C013: COIN
Post medieval silver coin Elizabeth I (1558-1603) sixpence, London Privy mark: Pheon and probably dated 1561 2.40g, worn

NMGW-F2303D: COIN
A silver Roman denarius of Augustus (27 BC - AD 14), dating to the period 11-10 BC (Reece Period 1). Obverse: AVGVSTVS DIVI F, Laureate-head right. Reverse: IMP XII, Bull butting right. Mint of Lugdunum. RIC I (second edition) Augustus 187A.

NMGW-59B9CB: COIN
Post medieval silver coin Charles I (1625-49) half groat, Aberystwyth (1639-42) Privy mark: Book North 2342

NMGW-BB8EA3: COIN
A stuck silver Venetian soldino of Duke Michele Steno dating to 1400-1413.

NMGW-8E308A: COIN
Medieval silver coin 'Short Cross' penny; class 1b (c. 1180-9) during the reign of Henry II Moneyer: RAV[ ]; probably Raul, London 1.40g , folded and with some...

NMGW-8E792B: COIN
Medieval silver coin 'Short Cross' cut halfpenny; class 1b (c. 1180-9) during the reign of Henry II Moneyer: ROBER[ ] Several possible combinations of moneyers and mints between c. 1190 and 1239 0.60g

NMGW-8E97E1: COIN
Medieval silver coin Edward I (1272-1307) penny, London; Class 2b (c. 1280) 0.91g, incomplete

NMGW-8EB0BC: COIN
Medieval silver coin Edward I (1272-1307) penny, Canterbury; Class 4a (1280-9) 1.25g, some wear

NMGW-8ED8A7: COIN
Medieval silver coin Edward I (1272-1307) penny, London; Class 10ab (c. 1301) Obverse: Trifoliate crown; reverse, as 9b 1.32g

NMGW-8F8256: COIN
Medieval silver coin A worn and chipped penny, probably of 15th century date 0.48g, worn and incomplete

NMGW-8FA29A: COIN
Post Medieval silver coin Elizabeth I (1558-1603) sixpence, London Privy mark: (Tun) and dated 1592 1.22g, heavily worn and chipped ('recoinage' clipping, c. 1696)

NMGW-8FCCD8: COIN
Post Medieval silver coin Elizabeth I (1558-1603) threepence, London Privy mark: Long Cross and dated 1581 1.47g, worn

NMGW-A72C86: COIN
Medieval silver coin Edward I (1272-1307) penny, London Class 9b1 (c. 1299-1301) 1.35g, worn and folded

NMGW-596052: COIN
A silver Roman denarius of Hadrian (AD 117-138), dating to AD 134-138 (Reece Period 6). PIETAS AVG reverse type, depicting Pietas, draped, standing front, head left, holding up both hands in prayer; altar left. Mint of Rome. RIC II Hadrian 257. 2.96g, corroded

NMGW-598461: COIN
Medieval silver coin Edward I (1272-1307) penny, London Class 9 (c. 1299-1301) 1.21g, corroded and incomplete

NMGW-D5893B: COIN
An incomplete post-medieval tin halfpenny of James II (1685-1688), minted at the Tower of London, 1685-1687 (Spink 3419). Missing copper plug.

NMGW-D5EC69: COIN
A post-medieval copper halfpenny probably of William III (1694-1702), minted at the Tower of London, 1695-1701 (Spink 3554-6).

NMGW-D6EBA8: COIN
A copper alloy possible Roman radiate or nummus of an uncertain ruler, dating to the period AD 260-402. Uncertain reverse type. Unclear mint.

NMGW-9579B4: COIN
A silver Post Medieval sixpence of William III (1694-1702), uncertain mint. Obverse: Bust of William III, laureate and draped, right [GVLLIEL]MU[S] III [DEI] [GRA]. Reverse: Crowned cruciform shields. MAG [BR.FRA] [ET.HIB] REX 16 [9]7

NMGW-331B1E: COIN
A medieval silver short-cross penny of John (1299-1216) or Henry (1216-1272), Class 6b2-6d, moneyer Henri, struck at Canterbury in 1213-1218 (North 975/2-977). The coin is heavily encrusted with a thick layer of silver chloride, which obscures many of the details.

NMGW-ABF22D: CLOTH SEAL
Post medieval lead cloth seal of late 15th or 16th century date The seal has circular discs (of 19.0mm maximum diameter) and appears to have been of two disc type (with a thickness of 4.3mm and weighing 4.5g). The obverse face is comparatively intact and depicts a forward facing seated king on his throne and holding a sword in his right hand and a sceptre in his left. The Arms of England appear to have been depicted on the king’s chest. The depiction of the king extends beyond a beaded border at the top and probably also at the base but the design is now lost. There was a legend outside the border indicating a seal, which only partially survives and reads: SIGULUM [ ]. The reverse disc is fragmentary and depicted a coat of arms, very probably the Arms of England; a quartered shield, containing three Fleur-de-lys alternating with three lions passant guardant. None of the encircling legend can be read on this disc. The depiction of the seated king can be broadly paralleled on coins of Henry VII - VIII (1485-1509-1547) and suggests a contemporary date. The depicted Arms of England are also contemporary with these dates. The seal is likely to be an alnage seal of uncertain provenance and can be paralleled with an example found in Somerset[1]. [1] BSG.CS.00287

NMGW-EC639A: CLASP
Medieval copper alloy fitting, probably of 14th century date The cast fitting is possibly a zoomorphic book mount and comprises an open lozenge frame with integral arm terminating in a lug fitting (with an overall length of 46.7mm and a weight of 12.9g). The lozenge frame is vertical sided (with a length of 24.4mm, a width of 23.8mm, a depth of 8.2mm and a thickness of 2.2mm). The rear of the frame is not broken and has no decoration. There is a moulding on the front of the frame, probably the ears of the beast projecting forward. The beast’s head is of subtriangular section (with a maximum width and thickness of 11.5mm and 7.2mm respectively) with a central ridge. The brow is raised with ridged eye mouldings near its base. The snout is concave with a raised moulding at its end, projecting upwards. The terminal comprises a solid D-shaped lug (6.9mm long, 5.2mm high and 2.2mm thick) that is likely to have fitted into a corresponding socket. The underside is flat and is not decorated. The surface has a pale-green corrosion with remnants of a dark-green patina and finishing file-marks evident on the rear of the frame. The form of the fitting is best paralleled in book clasps with a suggested 14th century date and with a number of examples recorded with PAS[1]. This form of book clasp has a socketed attachment end and frequently a link through the perforated terminal lug. Both of these features are not represented on this example. It is possible that the fitting was modified after removal of the socketed terminal. The fitting may have been attached using sheet plates attached to the lozenge frame, as paralleled in the recorded examples. [1] HAMP-C0F9E7, HAMP-D44F32, IOW-6B705B, IOW-7D75B7

NMGW-ECA086: BUTTON AND LOOP FASTENER
Roman copper alloy button-and-loop fastener of late 1st or 2nd century date The cast fastener is fragmentary, missing much of the shank, part of the head and is heavily-corroded (with an overall depth of 8.9mm and a weight of 4.9g). The head is now rounded, of sub-square form (16.4mm long, 7.4mm wide and 3.2mm thick). There are remnants of a moulded design on the head, now difficult to interpret but appears to have comprised a diagonal rounded rib, wider at the corners and narrowest at the centre. All other detail has been lost. The shank emerges from adjacent to the edge of the rear and is of sub-circular section (5mm diameter), before the perpendicular turn to the flat sectioned perforated plate, probably originally of sub-triangular form, now damaged (with a surviving length of 12mm, a maximum surviving width of 9.1mm and a thickness of 1.5mm). The surface is corroded and worn with remnants of a dark-brown patina and pale-green elsewhere. The condition of the fastener makes typological identification uncertain, although the form would suggest Wild (1970)[1] Class VI, perhaps VIb. Wild (ibid.) states that Class VIb fasteners are typically a Northern British type and date from the late-Flavian but with the majority recovered from 2nd century contexts. [1] Wild, J.P.; 1970; Button-and-Loop Fasteners in the Roman Provinces; Britannia Volume I; pp 137-146

NMGW-A609B5: BUCKLE
Copper alloy fragment, probably the outside edge fragment of a medieval buckle The probable buckle is fragmentary, distorted and is incomplete (with a surviving length of 57.7mm and a weight of 14.7g) and was likely to be of oval or D-shaped form. The frame was of oval section, widest on the outside edge (with a width of 11.0mm and a thickness of 6.3mm). The rear of the outside edge was bevelled. There is a prominent notch to accommodate the pin on the widest part of the frame. The frame has corroded and tapered to a point on both ends and one end has distorted to form a loop. No applied decoration survives on the frame which has a dark-green brown patina with bright green corrosion.

NMGW-636F0B: BROOCH
A small silver annular brooch. The circular frame is circular in cross-section, and one side (the front) is decorated with two clusters of transverse grooves filled with niello. The wrap-around head of the pin secure it to the annular frame of the brooch, is lightly wider (2mm) than the shaft (width 1mm). External frame diameter 12 x 13mm; frame thickness 1mm; pin length 12mm; weight 0.55g. A number of annular brooches with similar pins are known from Wales. They range from small silver stirrup brooches, such as those from Llanfaes (Anglesey), Llanbedr Duffryn Clwyd (Denbighshire) and Abergavenny (Monmouthshire; Redknap 1994, nos 21, 23) to larger brooches from Kidwelly Castle (Carmarthenshire), Crickhowell (Powys) and a site near Cowbridge (Vale of Glamorgan; Redknap 1994, nos 11, 22 and 13). Occasionally isolated pins are found, such as one found at Rhos-on-Sea, Conwy, in 2008 (NMW Treasure no. 08.06). These parallels ate of thirteenth- or fourteenth-century date, and the Montgomery brooch, on the basis of such comparanda, must date to the same period.

NMGW-59FD6B: BROOCH
Late Iron Age to Roman copper alloy penannular brooch of Fowler’s (1960)[1] Type D1, of 1st century BC to 4th century AD date The brooch is near-complete missing the pin (with a weight of 3.0g). The ring is sub-circular (28.8mm wide and 26.8mm long) and the frame is of sub-square section near the terminals to circular section near the top (2.0mm diameter). The ring has no applied decoration. The terminals are folded back on themselves (with a return length of 4.5mm and a depth of 4.2mm and 5.0mm) and each terminal is decorated with two transverse grooves. There is a discreet patch of iron corrosion around the frame, possibly indicating an iron pin was used. The surface is pitted with a dark-green patina and some pale-green corrosion. The folded-back terminals, decorated with incised lines define the penannular as of Fowler’s Type D1 (Fowler, 1960, p 152). Fowler states that her Type D brooches become current in the late 1st century BC to early 1st century AD (Fowler, 1960, p 167) but appear to continue through the Roman period and Crummy (1983, p 19) has suggested that there may have been a resurgence of interest in the form during the late Roman period. The brooch can be paralleled with an example published by Hattatt (1987, no. 1289, pp 298)[2] recovered from Lechlade, Gloucestershire. Hattatt states that the type corresponds with Hull’s type P.4 and gives the Lechlade brooch a probable 1st century AD date. [1] Fowler, E., 1960; The Origins and Development of the Penannular Brooch in Europe; Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society XXVI, pp 149-177 [2] Hattatt, R.; 1987; Brooches of Antiquity

NMGW-5A15AC: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of Trumpet type and of late 1st or 2nd century AD date The brooch is fragmentary, represented by the head and was comparatively massive (with a surviving length of 32.8mm, a surviving depth of 23.3mm and a weight of 18.3g) and was elaborately decorated. The brooch utilised a spring mechanism, now lost. The spring was secured around a central D-shaped lug (6.5mm high, 13mm long and 3.2mm – 4.2mm thick), perforated to accept a copper alloy axis bar, which is retained in the lug. The rear of the head is slightly dished to accommodate the internal chord. Above the head is an integral plate (14mm long, 12.2mm wide and 5.4mm deep) with a converging moulding at the base. The plate held a circular setting, probably of glass within a circular cell (7.5mm diameter) and secured through a perforation at the rear. The rear of the plate is flat. The trumpet head (19.0mm diameter) narrows to the break at the top of the bow (where the bow has a diameter of 6.6mm). The elaborate decoration on the head includes a border of punched S-marks, which converge at the top of the bow and may have enhanced a midrib, now lost to corrosion on the bow fragment. On the sides of the head and along the bow fragment were opposing C-scrolls, joined at the base in blue enamel. The surface has a dark-green patina with a areas of bright-green corrosion and red-brown surface loss. The Trumpet brooch would have been a comparatively large and elaborately decorated example and can be broadly paralleled with fine brooches of the type, such as the silver trumpet brooch with relief decoration from Carmarthen (Boon & Savory, 1975)[1] or the enamelled brooch from Ogof-yr-Esgyn. This brooch differs in having a solid, integral head-plate, which can be paralleled on a Trumpet brooch from an unstratified context excavated at Carmarthen (Webster, 2003, no 12, p. 297-8)[2], the Carmarthen brooch also has a rounded, perforated recessed cell to take a lost setting. [1] Boon, G.C. & Savory, H.N.; 1975; A Silver Trumpet-Brooch with Relief Decoration, Parcel-Gilt Form from Carmarthen and a note on the Development of the Type; Antiquaries Journal 55 [2] Webster, J.; The Small Finds in James, H.; Roman Carmarthen; Excavations 1978-83; Britannia Monograph No. 20 uity

NMGW-EC109A: BROOCH
Copper alloy penannular ring, possibly a hoop from an Early Medieval penannular brooch The hoop is incomplete, missing one terminal, the pin and is distorted with a stripped surface (with a weight of 6.6g). The surviving terminal has a flattened end (1.6mm thick, 2.7mm wide and 5mm long) before a slight, rounded knop on the outside face (up to 4mm diameter and 1.2mm high). The frame is now distorted (with a width of 40.1mm and a length of 43.0mm) and is circular-sectioned (2.4mm – 3.1mm diameter) with No applied decoration. The damaged end of the hoop is differentially eroded to a point. The original surface has been stripped and is bronze coloured. X-Ray Fluorescence analysis of the metal alloy demonstrated the composition to be a bronze. Metallurgical analysis was conducted on the brooch hoop using X-Ray Fluorescence and indicated that the metal composition is a brass. The lack of a pin or diagnostic features makes any identification uncertain. The hoop was recovered from the vicinity of a penannular brooch[1]. [1] NMWPA 2017.119.3

NMGW-ED3240: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of 1st or 2nd century AD date The brooch is fragmentary, missing the leg pin and head-plate (with a surviving length of 37.8mm, a surviving depth of 17.5mm and a weight of 18.9g). The missing spring employed a ferrous axis bar, secured around a central, pierced D-shaped lug at the rear of the head (12.2mm long, 4.5mm thick and 5.7mm high). The head is now sub-oval (21.4mm long and 15.8mm wide) but has been eroded at the edges. Above the head are the remains of an integral head-plate, probably surmounted with a chain-loop, now lost. The base of the head-plate was decorated with a transverse rib with incised diagonals, or ‘rope-moulding’ and there is the suggestion of a repeated rib with opposed diagonal incised marks above. At the top of the head is a raised chevron moulding, originally enhanced with nicks along the edge. The point of the chevron meets a midrib at the apex of the bow. The midrib has now mostly been lost but appears to comprise a double-rib in sunken relief enhanced with opposed diagonals. The upper bow is of hexagonally-faceted section with near-straight sides below the trumpet head. The button has a rope-moulded transverse rib flanked on each side by plain ribs. The central rib on the button is eroded but was comparatively deep (with a surviving depth of 10.8 and a surviving width of 11.1mm). The bow has broken in antiquity beneath the top of the leg, which was of square section (6mm square). The leg appears to have had a midrib in sunken relief, echoing the midrib on the upper bow. The beginning of the catch-plate is evident on the rear of the leg. The corroded surface has a mid, ‘olive’ green patina with the suggestion of a tinned or silvered surface and elsewhere has an active pale-green corrosion.

NMGW-ED790B: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch of T-shaped type and of 1st or 2nd century AD date The brooch is fragmentary, represented by the fragmentary head only (with a surviving length of 17.8mm, a surviving depth of 10.5mm and a weight of 6.2g). The head is truncated but employed a hinge mechanism within tubular wings (with a surviving width of 17.8mm and a maximum diameter of 6.7mm). No decoration survives at the head but there is the suggestion of curved moulding at the sides (with a width of 9.6mm). The top of the bow appears to have been of D-shaped section, now worn and rounded and tapering to a point. The corroded and pitted surface is pale to mid green.

NMGW-57A3FD: BROOCH
Roman copper alloy bow brooch, probably of Polden Hill / T-shaped type and of 1st or 2nd century AD date The brooch is fragmentary, represented by the incomplete head only (with a surviving length of 12.5mm, a surviving depth of 8.7mm and a weight of 2.4g). The missing spring was probably secured between lateral, perforated lugs, although the truncated wings now survive as a single stub (with a surviving width of 16.0mm). The head is now heavily-corroded and globular with no surviving decoration discernible. The very top of the bow survives as a stub of oval-section (1.9mm long, 2.7mm wide and 2.5mm thick). The surface is heavily-corroded and pitted with a pale-green patina.

NMGW-57C5DC: BROOCH
Copper alloy fragment, probably from a bow brooch of indeterminate type and of 1st or 2nd century AD date The fragment appears to be a comparatively small button from the mid-bow of a brooch (with a surviving length of 12.7mm, a surviving depth of 7.1mm, a width of 6.5mm and a weight of 1.3g). The button is corroded and appears to be of disc or possibly acanthus form and does not continue onto the rear of the bow. The button was flanked on each side with grooves. It is unclear which side was the upper bow and which was the leg and there is no surviving evidence for the beginning of the catch-plate on the rear. The bow or leg were of D-shaped or oval section. The surface is preserved on the rear with a dark-green patina and elsewhere has corroded pale-green.

NMGW-EBFCB6: BROOCH
Early medieval copper alloy penannular brooch of 5th to 6th century date The brooch is near-complete but with a stripped surface and is distorted (with a weight of 7.5g). The brooch frame has faceted cuboid terminals (7mm long, 4mm wide and 3mm thick). The front of the brooch has a ribbed border before a decorative moulding, before narrowing to the hoop with a curved step (with a length of 6mm and giving a diameter of 2.5mm – 3.0mm). The mouldings are likely to have been zoomorphic, with the beast’s snout protruding over the hoop. Dot indentations on the front of the terminals may suggest applied decoration but the surface loss makes any suggestion uncertain. The rear of the terminals is flat and pitted. The hoop is now oval (with a distorted width of 40.2mm and a maximum length of 37.4mm) and is of circular section (1.4mm – 2.6mm diameter). The pin remains in place and has a bend near its midpoint (with a distorted length of 49.7mm and a straightened length of approximately 53mm). The loop is widened and curved around the frame, closed at the rear (with a width of 5.3mm, an external diameter of 6.8mm and an internal diameter of 2.2mm). The loop is grooved near each edge, helping to define the top of the shaft. The pin shaft is oval sectioned below the loop (2.9mm x 1.8mm) becoming circular sectioned (1.7mm diameter at its midpoint), gradually narrowing to the tip. The original surface has been stripped and is bronze coloured. Metallurgical analysis was conducted on both the brooch hoop and pin using X-Ray Fluorescence and indicated that the metal composition a tin bronze. The brooch can be broadly paralleled with examples recovered from Caerwent, Monmouthshire (Wheeler, 1923, 138)[1] and Lower Bulingham, Herefordshire[2] [1] Wheeler, R. E. M., 1923. ‘Segontium and the Roman Occupation of Wales’, Y Cymmrodor XXXIII [2] Hereford Museum and Art Gallery acc. no. 8437

NMGW-8230B6: BLADE
Three prehistoric flint blades

NMGW-5B6156: BLADE
Core rejuvenation blade, most likely to be of Neolithic date (c. 4000-2500BC). Made of flint. Length = 79.0mm; width = 28.0mm; thickness – 15.0mm; weight = 25.3g. The blade is struck from a blade core with the intention to refresh the striking platform of the core to enable further blades to be removed from it. Blades from such a core could have been retouched and made into scrapers, knives, or other tools.

NMGW-4EF0A2: BELL
The reported object is a small spherical bell made of silver sheet, in two hemispheres joined at the waist. It is complete, retaining a small figure-of-eight/S-shaped wire suspension link on its loop. It is plain without maker's mark or decoration apart from a single band of twisted wire cable ornament around then girth, masking the join seam of the two bell halves. Maximum diameter 15mm. Weight 00g. The bell has not undergone any cleaning or conservation. Metal Content: To judge from its colour and weight, and visual comparison with other silver rings and brooches in the collections of the Department of Archaeology & Numismatics, the item is silver (over 10%). The dating of bells can be difficult, and recourse has to be made to stylistic comparisons, in the absence of independent dating evidence. Similar bells with cable 'filigree' ornament include one from the Melbourne area of South Derbyshire (diameter 13.3mm; DENO-127662), thought to be 15th century or later (2009 T148), a complete example from near Ash, Kent (same diameter; KENT-CA83D8), one hemisphere of a bell from Lyminge, Kent (KENT-A0D767), one from Burntwood, Staffordshire (diameter 13.26mm; WMID-D1C241), one from Rocklands, Norfolk (diameter about 11.3mm; NMS-3FC063), and one from Swinhope, Lincolnshire (diameter 15mm, attributed to period AD1550-1650; NLM-203CC3). Other bells include a silver bell fragment with gadrooned decoration from Westcott, Surrey (TAR 2001, no. 169), dated to the late seventeenth century, and a silver rumbler bell from Graveley, Hertfordshire, dated to the 15th century (TAR 2005/6, no. 570).. Bells were used on jesses on hawks and falcons, and similar bells were also sewn onto the collars of dogs and cats, and onto human clothing. The cable twist ornament on this particular bell (and other recently discovered examples) is also found on other fashionable sixteenth-century dress accessories. Other items associated with hawking to be found in Wales include a seventeenth-century hawk-ring from Llantrithyd (Treasure Annual Report 2001, no. 167). On balance, the bell from Lamphey is likely to be sixteenth or early seventeenth century.

NMGW-449E7D: AXEHEAD
Blade fragment from a Bronze Age axehead of uncertain type, probably of Early Bronze Age date, c. 2000 – 1500BC The cast axehead is fragmentary, represented by the blade and is comparatively small (with a surviving length of 32.3mm and a weight of 18.2g).The body is rectangular-sectioned at the break (with a width of 17.8mm and a thickness of 5.1mm) and the sides are straight and moderately divergent, before diverging more sharply to the expanded blade edge, now worn (with a blade width of 26.6mm). The sides are heavily-corroded and pitted but there is the suggestion of a casting seam evident on both sides. The faces are largely flat, before converging to the blade edge with a discernible blade facet (7mm from the blade edge). There is a slight bend across the length of the blade, suggesting the axe was bent prior to breaking. The corroded and pitted surface has a dark-green patina with areas of bright-green surface loss. The small and corroded blade fragment is difficult to identify in relation to typological features. The form is perhaps best paralleled with Early Bronze Age flat axes or Developed axe types and the narrow straight sided form and with a blade facet is suggestive of Developed types. The diminutive size may suggest an ‘axe-chisel’. Flat and Developed axe types are associated with Metalworking Assemblages II – VI, corresponding with Needham’s (1996)[1] later Period 2 –to Period 4 but Developed types are of Periods 3-4, c. 2000 – 1500BC [1] Needham, S. 1996; Chronology and Periodisation in the British Bronze Age, Acta Archaeologica 67, p. 121-140

NMGW-45E3DD: AXEHEAD
Blade fragment from an axehead of uncertain type and date, probably a Developed Flat Axe of Early Bronze Age date. The axehead is fragmentary and heavily-corroded (with a surviving length of 52.5mm and a weight of 72.7g). The break occurred in antiquity and at the break, the axe body is slender and of sub-rectangular section (with a width of 22.3mm and a thickness of 8.9mm). The sides diverge moderately (for 24mm) before expanding sharply to produce an expanded blade edge (with a width of 50.0mm and an expanded edge length of 17mm). The faces are flat across their widths and also their lengths before a curved blade facet (19mm from the blade edge), positioned at the point where the blade is expanded. The edges of the faces appear to have slight ridges, seemingly the remnant ends of corroded flanges. The surface is heavily-corroded and pitted with no original surface surviving. But has a mid to bright green corrosion. The probable presence of flanges on the edges of the face would suggest the axehead was of a developed type. The fragmentary condition of the axehead makes further typological identification difficult and speculative. The slender body expanding sharply to a possible recurved blade may suggest an axe of Type Bandon as defined by Schmidt & Burgess (1981, p 65-8)[1]. Developed Flat axes relate to Metalworking Assemblages IV -V and date to Needham’s (1996)[2] Period 3, dated to c. 2050 – 1700BC. Type Bandon Axes probably relate to the Willerby assemblage (Metalworking Assemblage V) with a proposed date range of c. 1900 – 1600BC. [1] Schmidt, P.K. & Burgess, C. 1981; The Axes of Scotland and Northern Ireland, Praähistorische Bronzefunde Abteilung IX, 7. Band 7 [2] Needham, S. 1996; Chronology and Periodisation in the British Bronze Age, Acta Archaeologica 67, p. 121-140

NMGW-4649EE: ARROWHEAD
Later Neolithic flint chisel arrowhead of c. 2500 – 2100BC date The arrowhead is complete and is bi-facially worked but with more pressure-flaked retouch on the dorsal surface. The arrowhead is widest at the cutting edge with an edge formed from the flaking and has no secondary working. Ripples on the ventral surface indicate that the cutting edge would have been on the side of the flake, thinner side at the distal end. The flint is non-cortical and unpatinated grey-brown. Dimensions: length: 29.6mm; width: 30.7mm; maximum thickness: 5.2mm; weight: 3.2g

NMGW-A301E4: AMPULLA
Medieval lead pilgrim's ampulla of 14th to 16th century date The ampulla is incomplete, missing the neck, loops and a fragment from the one face (with a surviving length of 40.0mm, a maximum width of 30.4mm and a weight of 34.9g). The obverse face is rounded and domed (with a maximum surviving thickness of 13.9mm). The cast decoration has been eroded but there is the suggestion of a border at the edge and possibly cross-hatching against the border or possibly ribbing of the scallop motif representing pilgrimage. The opposite face is flat with bevelled sides. The cast decoration has again been lost but a raised border is discernible and a short linear rib survives near the base. The neck is largely absent but the lower of stubs of the side loops are evident.

NMGW-A7C035: AMPULLA
Medieval lead pilgrim’s ampulla of 14th to early 16th century date, c. 1350 – 1530 The ampulla is near-complete, missing the side loops and slight damage to the reverse face. The ampulla has a slightly distorted surviving length of 49.52mm and weighs 33.9g. The rim of the ampulla has a width of 26.78mm and remains closed. The sides of the neck are straight and converge towards the body. The remnants of the side loops are evident at the base of the neck. The base of the neck is defined by a horizontal band containing diagonal lines. The obverse of the ampulla is decorated with the scallop-shell (representing pilgrimage) with fine, closely spaced grooves and of Spencer (1990) Type II. The reverse has a central circle, with no evidence of internal decoration. The sides are enhanced with diagonal lines. The ampulla has a maximum width across the body of 28.94mm.

NMGW-C593F0: AMPULLA
Cast lead pilgrim’s ampulla of Medieval date, probably dating to the fourteenth or fifteenth century. The ampulla is 40.3mm tall, it has a maximum width across the handles of 34.5mm, has a maximum thickness of 7.5mm and weighs 35.4g. The top of the neck is flat and has been closed at the centre. The neck is straight and diverges slightly to the rim. Both loops are present and spring from the junction of the circular body (diameter – 29mm). One face has the remnants of moulded decoration comprising a central knop with radiating lines, possibly forming an eight-pointed star. Any decoration on the other face is no longer discernible.

NMGW-B92C74: AMPULLA
Medieval lead pilgrim’s ampulla of 14th to early 16th century date The ampulla is near-complete, missing only a corner of the mouth. The ampulla has a length of 50.9mm and has a weight of 44.2g. The mouth is closed and has a surviving maximum width of 23.9mm. The ampulla has a maximum thickness around the neck of 8.7mm. The neck has straight sides converging towards the body. The loops are rounded and begin at the top of the body and have a length of 12.1mm. One of the loops is distorted against the side. The neck is plain. Both faces are decorated, although the motifs are badly eroded. The obverse face has a seemingly six-spoked wheel devoice. The reverse face has a crown within a cross-hatched field. No other details survive.

NMGW-AB87A1: AMPULLA
A complete cast lead ampulla of medieval date, likely 13th to 15th century. The ampulla has 22.5mm long neck with poorly cast and damaged suspension loops and is hollow to a depth of 24.5mm. There is a “flap” of lead attached to one side of the top the neck, possibly the remains of a cap. The body of the ampulla is expanded to the sides and decorated on one face with deep curving lines to form the appearance of a scallop shell. The reverse side is flattened and apparently undecorated, although this may be due to post-depositional damage obscuring any decoration. Circumferential flashing from the casting process is visible, and the ampulla’s body is solid. The lack of decoration makes this ampulla hard to closely date and identify, as while scallop shells are most closely associated with Santiago de Compostela, they became a generalised symbol of pilgrimage later in the medieval period. The nearest major pilgrimage site to the object’s findspot would be St Davids. The size and weight of this ampulla is either indicative of it being an unusual type of ampulla or a manufacturing error. SWYOR-8D69AB is an example on the database of similar size and weight, but different form.

NMGW-33F8AD: AMPULLA
Medieval lead ampulla of 14th to 16th century date The ampulla is fragmentary, represented by basal body section. The obverse face appears to have been convex and was decorated with a compass-drawn floral device, with one of the petals or leaves survives and approximately half of a second. The leaves contain a central midrib and probably flanking diagonal ribs but is the now heavily-worn. The area outside of the leaves is enhanced with crosshatching. The reverse face is now concave, probably as a result of damage. Cross-hatching is evident near the edges and the central device is incomplete, heavily-worn and damaged, however it is possible to suggest a curving arc, possibly the lower part of a letter ‘S’. Otherwise details on the ampulla are indeterminate. Dimensions: surviving length: 18.1mm; surviving width: 26.7mm; maximum surviving thickness: 6.7mm; weight: 9.2g