Record ID: HESH-D28FF5
Object type: DEBITAGE
Broad period: NEOLITHIC
County: County of Herefordshire
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
An abraded tertiary debitage / waste flake of probable later Neolithic date (4500-2000 BC). The flake is irregular in form being broadly triangular in shape. The upper (dorsal) face has the remains of removal scars. The edges are slightly denticulaed but this is most likely due to movement in the ploughzone (plough bumble). The flake is very thin being a mid grey colour. The flakes measures 17mm length, is 15mm wide and 2mm thick
Created on: Monday 1st March 2021
Last updated: Tuesday 2nd March 2021
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: HESH-CE882B
Object type: KNIFE
Broad period: NEOLITHIC
County: County of Herefordshire
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
An incomplete knapped and flaked flint knife blade / scraper of later Neolithic or Early Bronze Age date (3000-2000BC). The knife is formed on a flake of secondary debitage. The fragment is broadly oval in plan and has a D shaped cross section. The dorsal face has multiple flaking facets and the edges have been retouched with neat well organised overlapping flakes which can be described as invasive semi-abrupt and stepped. A small area of yellow cortex is present on the dorsal face and this is stained an orange colour by the environment. From this area of cortex relatively neat flake…
Created on: Monday 1st March 2021
Last updated: Tuesday 2nd March 2021
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: HESH-337BE8
Object type: SADDLE QUERN
Broad period: NEOLITHIC
County: Shropshire
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
A large but fragmentary section of a saddle quern or polissoir of potential prehistoric date (Neolithic - Iron Age 4000 BC - 250 BC). The fragment is incomplete but has a steeply sloping sides with a wide shallow central grinding space. In cross section it is V shaped. The stone is a mica rich sandstone which has spalled in places. The external edges are all worn and abraded. None of the original external edges are present. The function of the stone is unclear - it is most likely to be a saddle quern for grinding grain - although it could equally be a grinding stone or polissoir for s…
Created on: Thursday 30th July 2020
Last updated: Friday 31st July 2020
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: HESH-1FD54D
Object type: AXE HAMMER
Broad period: NEOLITHIC
County: Shropshire
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
Stone perforated axe-hammer of probable very late Neolithic or early Bronze Age date (2500-1800 BC). Smaller axe-hammers are also known as Battle Axes and some of the smaller examples have been recorded as perforated maces (mace-heads). The differences between these types / classifications are uncertain and the artefact type as a whole is in need of reassessment in line with modern discoveries and approaches to artefact studies. This axe-hammer is relatively long and narrow being from a pecked and ground igneous rock. This rock has been identified from observation of the surface …
Created on: Thursday 30th July 2020
Last updated: Thursday 30th July 2020
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: HESH-DBF0F1
Object type: SCRAPER (TOOL)
Broad period: NEOLITHIC
County: Gloucestershire
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
A large oval shaped end and side scraper formed on a specifically prepared secondary flake dating from the Neolithic or early Bronze Age periods (3500-2100 BC). The ventral face shows conchoidal ripples and the bulb of percussion; the proximal end has a distinct prepared platform showing good preparation of the core prior to striking . The dorsal face has a number of regular flake removal scars along with an area on the back of mid yellow mottled cortex (possibly acting as a grip for use). The entire crescentic edge of the opposing side has been reworked / retouched with steep angled …
Created on: Thursday 2nd July 2020
Last updated: Wednesday 14th October 2020
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Kingscote', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: HESH-D3BBB9
Object type: DEBITAGE
Broad period: NEOLITHIC
County: Shropshire
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
An irregular struck flake of Neolithic date (4000-2500 BC). The flake has been struck in multiple directions during the tertiary phase of the tool production most probably during the making of a large core tool - the flake shows multiple removals in opposing directions on the dorsal face. It is relatively thin and a mid grey colour. It is possible that it may have been worked along one edge to form a crude scraper The flake measures 28.1mm in length, 13.7mm width, is 6.6mm thick and weighs 2.89 grams.
Created on: Saturday 20th June 2020
Last updated: Friday 26th February 2021
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Much Wenlock', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: HESH-D3ABF6
Object type: DEBITAGE
Broad period: NEOLITHIC
County: Shropshire
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
An irregular struck flake of Neolithic date (4000-2500 BC). The flake has been struck during the tertiary phase of the tool production most probably during the making of a large core tool - the flake shows multiple removals in opposing directions on the dorsal face. It is relatively thin and a mid grey colour The flake measures 23.5mm in length, 11.8mm width, is 3.8mm thick and weighs 1.15 grams.
Created on: Saturday 20th June 2020
Last updated: Friday 26th February 2021
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Much Wenlock', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: HESH-D310BD
Object type: DEBITAGE
Broad period: NEOLITHIC
County: Shropshire
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
A snapped flint waste flake (debitage) from tool production of probable earleir Neolithic date (4000 - 2100 BC). The flake is broadly rectangular in plan and sub-triangular cross section. The flake has been snapped from a larger blade like flake and reworked along one edge on the dorsal face to create a crude cutting edge. It is highly likely that this flake was a by-product (or waste flake / debitage) of tool making; if this is the case then it is from the tertiary (3rd) phase of flaking as all the cortex has been removed. This waste flake has then been re-used or utilised to form a …
Created on: Friday 19th June 2020
Last updated: Monday 27th July 2020
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Much Wenlock', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: HESH-D2FD95
Object type: DEBITAGE
Broad period: NEOLITHIC
County: Shropshire
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
A snapped flint waste flake (debitage) from tool production of probable Neolithic date (3500 - 2100 BC). The flake is broadly in oval plan and sub-triangular cross section. The flake has been snapped from a larger blade like flake and reworked along one edge on both ventral and dorsal faces to create a crude cutting edge. It is highly likely that this flake was a by-product (or waste flake / debitage) of tool making; if this is the case then it is from the secondary phase of flaking as the dorsal face has around 50% of the cortex remaining. This waste flake has then been re-used or ut…
Created on: Friday 19th June 2020
Last updated: Monday 27th July 2020
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Much Wenlock', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: HESH-3350F2
Object type: ARROWHEAD
Broad period: NEOLITHIC
County: Shropshire
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
A complete late Neolithic oblique (British oblique) flint arrowhead. This arrowhead has been created from a mid - dark brown coloured piece of flint. It is broadly triangular in plan and lentoid in cross section. The arrowhead has been knapped using a number of different techniques, including direct and indirect percussion, as well as pressure / ripple / invasive flaking. It is unsymmetrical in shape; a barb extends at one corner creating a curved tang. Both the long edges of the arrowhead have been retouched to create sharp serrated blades. One face of the arrowhead has received mor…
Created on: Thursday 7th May 2020
Last updated: Thursday 7th May 2020
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Oswestry', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: HESH-43C477
Object type: SYMBOL STONE
Broad period: NEOLITHIC
County: Shropshire
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
A heavily weathered incomplete inscribed stone - potentially a monolith / standing stone fragment - of potential later Neolithic or Early Bronze Age date (2500-1500 BC). The report on this stone has been greatly assisted by Giles Carey (Shropshire HER Officer) and Dr George Nash (Rock Art Specialist). The following report is based on a much larger academic report but summarises the findings in the discussion below. Further, the PAS is very grateful to Dr Nash for the use of his line drawings of the stone in this primary record of this find. Description: The stone upon which the rock …
Created on: Wednesday 12th February 2020
Last updated: Tuesday 12th September 2023
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Whixall', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: HESH-3BBEFE
Object type: FLAKE
Broad period: NEOLITHIC
County: County of Herefordshire
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
A large broad backed blade like flake of igneous stone - dolerite (grantite). The flake is broadly rectangular in shape and lentoid in cross section. In form the two long edges of the dorsal and ventral faces has been worked / knapped to form a very crude serrated edge. The retouch is crude and applied with a hard hammer. Likewise the flake seems to have been struck from a larger prepared core using a single blow from a hard hammer. One end is broken and patinated suggesting damage in antiquity. Antiquaruian sources indicate that similar tools have been recovered from archaeologica…
Created on: Friday 13th December 2019
Last updated: Thursday 12th March 2020
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: HESH-ABF3E7
Object type: POLISHED AXEHEAD
Broad period: NEOLITHIC
County: Telford and Wrekin
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
A complete ground and polished axehead formed of a very fine grained siliceous stone / banded flint of probable Neolithic date (3000-2000 BC). The axe is knapped from a flint which has banded colours which range from a bale cream buff through to a deep chocolate brown. There are areas of mid orange staining across the body and this is possibly as a result in the burial environment - possibly indicating deposition within soils that are iron rich or have a predilection towards iron panning / waterlogging. The matrix of the stone is smooth although areas of highly polished mid grey white…
Created on: Tuesday 12th November 2019
Last updated: Thursday 12th March 2020
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Weald Moors', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: HESH-B77AAF
Object type: AXEHEAD
Broad period: NEOLITHIC
County: County of Herefordshire
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
A near complete axe head formed of a coarse grained igneous rock dating from the later Neolithic date (3000-2000 BC). The axe has been knapped and pecked into shape although the surface is heavily weathered. The rock from which it is made has a buff brown coloured patina. A small removal on the cutting edge reveals a much darker charcoal grey coloured fine grained igneous stone beneath. There is considerable mid pink brown staining across the body of the axe and this maybe as a result of the burial environment which is commensurate with the red colour of Herefordshire soil which are i…
Created on: Friday 13th September 2019
Last updated: Friday 17th January 2020
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: HESH-24074D
Object type: BLADE
Broad period: NEOLITHIC
County: County of Herefordshire
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
A possible Levalloisian core flake / blade of most probable Neolithic date. The blade is rectangular in plan with a lenticular cross-section. The lower edge is broken - most probably in antiquity as the whole flint has the same mid-grey coloured milky surface patina. The flaking appears intentionally to have shaped the flint while still on the original core, creating a distinctive 'tortoise shell' flaking, typical of Levallois flint technology. The ventral face shows a prominent bulb of percussion indicating probable use of a hard hammer, likewise the striking platform is well prepare…
Created on: Friday 6th September 2019
Last updated: Friday 17th January 2020
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: HESH-23FF78
Object type: AWL
Broad period: NEOLITHIC
County: County of Herefordshire
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
A single reused tertiary waste flake struck from a prepared core of later Mesolithic or more probably earlier Neolithic date (4000-2000 BC). The flake has been struck and retouched in multiple directions. Two distinct points / awls have been formed on two of the four corners. Both corners share similar pointed triangular shaped wedges most probably partially formed / created with burin like removal flakes. The majority of the retouch to form the boring point is neat and well formed being best described as short, sub-parallel or scaled and either abrupt or semi-abrupt. Importantly one …
Created on: Friday 6th September 2019
Last updated: Friday 17th January 2020
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: HESH-23F516
Object type: FLAKE
Broad period: NEOLITHIC
County: County of Herefordshire
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
Four large fragments of un-worked flint. Probably either un-worked raw product possibly selected to be utilised as cores. These have been recorded for the sake of completeness as they were collected along with the other material from the same general area and that flint only occurs in riverine and glacial deposits in Shropshire / Herefordshire area. The Objects measure: Length: 54.50mm, Width: 34.44mm, Thickness: 17.55mm, Weight: 30.7 grams Length: 42.08mm, Width: 25.42mm, Thickness: 17.74mm, Weight: 19.4 grams Length: 46.70mm, Width: 23.13mm, Thickness: 9.57…
Created on: Friday 6th September 2019
Last updated: Friday 17th January 2020
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: HESH-23DFFE
Object type: DEBITAGE
Broad period: NEOLITHIC
County: County of Herefordshire
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
An abraded tertiary debitage waste flake of probable later Neolithic date (4500-2500 BC) which has been utilised to form a very crude scraper. The flake is broadly rectangular shape in plan with a wedge shaped cross section. The retouch has been applied to the curved original lower edge on the dorsal face only and is best described as short, sub-parallel and semi-abrupt. The flint is a highly mottled mid-grey colour. It is likely that this retouch is applied to utilise a waste flake and discarded shortly after creation. The Object measures: Length: 33.96mm, Width: 28.61m…
Created on: Friday 6th September 2019
Last updated: Friday 17th January 2020
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: HESH-23D634
Object type: DEBITAGE
Broad period: NEOLITHIC
County: County of Herefordshire
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
Fifteen irregularly shaped pieces of tertiary debitage / waste flakes dating from the Neolithic period. All the waste flakes are relatively thin in section - many showing evidence of multi-directional working and are probably from the finishing process. The upper / dorsal face on several of the flakes have numerous flake scar removals. The ventral faces are unworked. The flint is a mottled mid grey colour. The Objects measure: Length: 42.75mm, Width: 26.35mm, Thickness: 7.37mm, Weight: 7.4 grams Length: 23.54mm, Width: 19.77mm, Thickness: 3.34mm, Weight: 2.7 grams …
Created on: Friday 6th September 2019
Last updated: Friday 17th January 2020
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: HESH-239B67
Object type: DEBITAGE
Broad period: NEOLITHIC
County: County of Herefordshire
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
Five abraded tertiary debitage waste flakes struck from prepared cores of Neolithic date (4000-2000 BC). All the flakes are broadly a rectangular shape in plan have various opposing removals on the upper dorsal faces. Likewise all flakes have retouch applied to the one surviving original long edge on the dorsal face only; here it creates a serrated cutting edge: this retouch in all cases is best described as short, sub-parallel and semi-abrupt. The extent and competency of this retouch varies. The flint colour varies from a white through to a mid-grey or black The flakes measure:…
Created on: Friday 6th September 2019
Last updated: Friday 17th January 2020
Spatial data recorded.