Record ID: ESS-9DB6CE
Object type: RIBBON
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Published
Description:  A fragment possibly from a gold Middle Bronze Age composite penannular ring, dating to c.1300-1100 cal BC. The warped fold plate made of three strands of gold wire, stacked on top of each other and fused together to produce a ribbed effect.  The wires are a D-shape, in cross-section, the flat surface being the inner surface of the ring where the fusing of these two pieces can be clearly seen. These wires end in smooth rounded terminals but at each end which may indicate this represents the original circular form now bent out of shape. In profile the ring is an i…
Created on: Wednesday 16th December 2020
Last updated: Thursday 2nd March 2023
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Leaden Roding', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: ESS-BD9843
Object type: SOCKETED AXEHEAD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Published
Very worn fragment of a copper-alloy socketed axehead dating to the Late Bronze Age period, that is c. 1000-800BC. The remaining fragment of the axehead takes the form of a slightly curved sub rectangular piece of the looped section of a socketed axe. The loop is still present and is integrally cast. Dimensions: weight: 10.8g, length: 27.0mm, width: 16.3mm, height: 14.9mm
Created on: Monday 23rd November 2020
Last updated: Wednesday 3rd February 2021
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-5F9D4A
Object type: SCABBARD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
Copper-alloy 'bag-shaped' scabbard chape, dating to the Late Bronze Age, c. 1000-800BC.  The chape is rounded on the lower edge and flared slightly in thickness.The interior is hollow and upper edge of the front face is damaged. The thickness of the walls is approx. 1.5mm. Both the front and back edges are broken, so that only the lower portion of the chape remains.  The slightly longer back face has two drilled holes present (likely to attachment to a belt), each with an approximate diameter of 2.1mm. The patina is mostly worn, with some patches of smoother c…
Created on: Thursday 2nd April 2020
Last updated: Friday 2nd December 2022
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-C9D709
Object type: ARROWHEAD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
Cast copper-alloy arrowhead or spearhead dating to the Bronze Age period, likely the later Bronze Age, c. 1500-1000 BC.  The item is triangular in shape and lozenge shaped in section, being almost circular in the mid-portion. The wider edge opposite the tip shows some damage, and some of the surface of the arrow or spear is missing. This missing portion extends into a hollow area interior to the mid-section of the artefact, which could be a socket for attachment. The wall of the hollow section is approx 1.2mm thick. The patina is smooth along the flat flanged blade edges an…
Created on: Thursday 26th March 2020
Last updated: Monday 17th April 2023
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-5011D1
Object type: HOARD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
Description: Two copper alloy items: (a) a fragment of a small, cast bronze, socketed axehead. The axe has a short body with a very gentle curve at the sides extending into a flared mouth at one end and expanded cutting edge at the other. The mouth has a prominent collar and the socket is rectangular in section. The loop projects just below the collar, although it is broken off close to the points where it joins the body of the axe. The axe is about two-thirds complete, with a considerable portion of one face missing, and there is significant damage to the cutting edge and the survivin…
Created on: Tuesday 25th February 2020
Last updated: Monday 18th December 2023
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-E8EA7E
Object type: AWL
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
Copper-alloy awl, possibly for leather working. The head is rectangular in section and tapers into a cylinder before ending at a blunt point. Likely dating from the mid-late Bronze Age c. 1250 -800 BC The item is dark brown and green with a generally smooth patina. weight: 3.28g, length: 51.1mm, width: 3.4mm
Created on: Thursday 20th February 2020
Last updated: Thursday 20th February 2020
No spatial data available.

Record ID: ESS-825B65
Object type: BEAD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
Cast copper-alloy bead of Bronze Age date. The bead is bi-conical in shape with a circular hole slightly off-centre. This circular hole is 6.0mm in diameter. The patina is smooth and dark brown in colour with some small areas of surface wear. Similar in form to ESS-975247 Dimensions weight: 13.24g, diameter: 18.4mm, thickness: 10.0mm
Created on: Monday 3rd February 2020
Last updated: Monday 11th May 2020
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-DB8E6E
Object type: RIBBON
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Published
Description: A Bronze Age (c.BC2150-1150) gold ribbon ornament in the form of a thin, parallel-sided strip with tightly rolled ends.  The strip is decorated with four rather irregular grooves which create a corrugated effect.  The object has been bent out of shape. Dimensions; Length: 26mm; width: 11mm; thickness: 1mm; weight: 2.07g. Discussion: It is difficult to identify this as a particular object type, beyond its belonging to a broad range of ribbon, or strip, ornaments of Bronze Age date. A number of parallels have been recorded on the PAS database, including …
Created on: Tuesday 14th January 2020
Last updated: Friday 5th January 2024
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'High Easter', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: ESS-D1D1E9
Object type: TORC
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Published
Description: Single fragment of a gold, four-flange, twisted bar torc comprising one terminal and a length of twisted metal which represents probably less than half of the original hoop. The surviving terminal is round in cross section and is between 3mm and 5mm in diameter. The end of the terminal displays a slight double depression which is likely to have been caused during the manufacturing process. The terminal tapers slightly before it joins the twisted hoop. Four longitudinal cuts have been made into the bar to create an X-shaped cross-section and the bar has then been twisted. T…
Created on: Tuesday 26th November 2019
Last updated: Tuesday 18th July 2023
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Near Mistley', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: ESS-D41BDF
Object type: SOCKETED AXEHEAD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
Fragment of a Bronze Age copper-alloy socketed axe, probably dating to the late Bronze Age, c. 1100-800 BC. The fragment is partially rounded on one edge and features a collar at the socketed edge. There are ribs visible on the surface. The inside of the fragment is plain. The patina is mostly red/brown with areas that have worn away to reveal green colouring. The red/brown colouring attests to the likely inclusion of a significant amount of iron in the alloy. The fragment has a weight of 17.6g, a length of 33.2mm, a width of 30.3mm and a maximum thickness of 6.1mm.
Created on: Thursday 14th November 2019
Last updated: Thursday 14th November 2019
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-81C661
Object type: HOARD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Published
Description:   Six copper alloy items:  1. Possible chisel in the form of a wedge-shaped bar of rectangular section, squared-off narrow end, diagonally opposite corners with three regular spaced notches.   Length: 85mm, width: 22mm tapers to 3mm, thickness: 14mm tapers to 9mm, weight: 105.77g  2. Chisel in the form of a wedge-shaped bar of square section, rounded narrow end, undecorated.  Length: 99mm, width: 9mm, thickness: 9mm tapers to 3mm, weight: 55.22g  3. Ring fragment, circular cross section, undecorated.  Length: 59mm, diamet…
Created on: Tuesday 29th October 2019
Last updated: Tuesday 7th November 2023
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Great Bentley', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: ESS-EDCA69
Object type: PENANNULAR RING
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Published
A Late Bronze Age gold-plated copper alloy penannular ring dating from 1300-800BC. The ring is oval in shape and the terminals are flat ended. The ring is cracked and chipped in several places where the inner copper alloy core has corroded underneath, and the terminals have become joined by corroded metal. Dimensions: Diameter: 15.3mm, thickness: 4.1mm, weight: 3.48g Discussion: A gold-plated lock ring of a similar style on the database (LANCUM-C2543F) that is Bronze Age in date was submitted for consideration as treasure (Treasure case tracking number: 2017T810) and includes t…
Created on: Tuesday 22nd October 2019
Last updated: Friday 14th April 2023
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-17E797
Object type: SOCKETED AXEHEAD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
Complete copper-alloy Late Bronze Age (c. 950-800 BC) socketed axehead. The axe is sub rectangular in plan and has a flared crescent shaped cutting blade edge. The sides are triangular in shape. The socket is sub-square in section. The axe is 101.2mm in length. The blade is 44.4mm wide. The internal wall of the axe is approx 6.4mm thick. The external width of the socket is 40.7mm, whilst the internal width is 30.6mm. The width of the axe inclusing the loop is 40.6mm. The weight is 307.0g The socket features a moulded bevelled collar which is immediately above a similar mould…
Created on: Wednesday 31st July 2019
Last updated: Tuesday 12th April 2022
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-4A5641
Object type: SPEARHEAD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
Fragment of a cast Bronze Age spear tip, likely dating from c. 1500 - 800 BC. Both the terminal tip and the base are now missing, though some of the mid-portion remains. The fragment is circular in section at the centre, with flanges extending to either side to form the flattened edges of the spear. The centre of the spear appears to be hollow, but is now filled with material that has been heavily compacted. The circular section gives the fragment a distinctive raised mid-rib. The surface patina is dark green and abraded in places. Dimensions: weight: 8.43g, length: 25.9mm, …
Created on: Thursday 27th June 2019
Last updated: Monday 23rd March 2020
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-35909C
Object type: LITHIC IMPLEMENT
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
A possible flint scraper tool. The object is of light grey flint and sub-triangular in shape with a rounded point. There appears to be some flaking at the round point or the dorsal face, which may not be natural, and may therefore suggest that the object is a lithic artifact. It is likely that the flake on which the tool was produced was a secondary, due to the occurrence of a small portion of cortex on the proximal end. There are no distinctive ripples or a bulb of percussion present on the ventral face of the flake, though there are at least two small removals at the very tip of …
Created on: Monday 7th January 2019
Last updated: Thursday 11th April 2019
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-1BFC58
Object type: PENANNULAR RING
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Published
A probable Middle to Late Bronze Age (c. 1400-800 BC) gold penannular ring of uncertain function. Description: The ring is made of wire with a circular cross-section that tapers at the terminals to form rounded points. It is thickest and widest section at its centre and is curled into the shape of a ring. One end is bent outwardly, misshaping the ring, but the length is sufficient for the terminals to overlap if brought together.     Dimensions:  Length: 75.3mm; width at widest point: 3.4; thickness at widest point:  3.6; Weight: 6.77g Discussion: …
Created on: Thursday 25th October 2018
Last updated: Friday 10th November 2023
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Little Bromley', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: ESS-1F6B9C
Object type: LITHIC IMPLEMENT
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
Partially worked flake of grey flint, likely dating to the late Neolithic/early Bronze Age, c. 3000 - 1500 BC. There is retouch along the upper left edge when viewed from the ventral face which is scaled and thins the flake edge slightly. The right edge of the ventral face also shows evidence of retouch, along the bottom edge forming a shallow crescent. The upper right edge of the ventral face is straight and diagonal. When viewed from the dorsal face this edge is backed almost all along its length, with only a small portion in the middle showing no evidence of retouch. The reto…
Created on: Friday 20th July 2018
Last updated: Monday 23rd July 2018
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-1F247F
Object type: LITHIC IMPLEMENT
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
Primary flake which has been utilised as a scraper or other lithic hand-held tool. The flake's dorsal surface is covered almost entirely by cortex, suggesting it was struck as a primary flake without any prior removals on the dorsal surface. It is likely that the flake was utilised opportunistically, as there is little in terms of retouch. Where retouch is seen, primarily on the mid right edge when viewed from the dorsal face, it takes the form of parallel removals forming a steep 'backed' edge. This was likely done to blunt this portion of the edge. The retouch continues, though t…
Created on: Friday 20th July 2018
Last updated: Thursday 26th July 2018
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-1EF776
Object type: LITHIC IMPLEMENT
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
Possible debitage flake with evidence of some edge flaking. Likely early Bronze Age in date, c. 2500 - 1500 BC. The ventral face is uneven and mottled, though the right edge does show evidence of retouch in a parallel scaled fashion at the section nearest the butt. The retouch seems to continue along the right side for the length of the flak, though is not as clearly defined toward the tip. The dorsal face shows evidence of removals toward the butt and along the right side of the arris. These are not as regular as the small retouch on the ventral face. It is likely that …
Created on: Friday 20th July 2018
Last updated: Monday 23rd July 2018
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-4E0184
Object type: HOARD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Published
Addendum to a previously known hoard find from the same site (ESS-F8865B / 2015 T113), known as the 'Blackwater Hoard'. This assemblage is comprised of 13 separate artefacts, all made of copper-alloy and very likely from the same deposit as the initial hoard and adds to the subsequent addenda found on the site since the initial discovery (ESS-D0E1B5 / 2017 T301).   Description Dimensions   1 Incomplete copper-alloy socketed axe with flared blade edges. Two raised ridges are present on the upper and lower surfa…
Created on: Thursday 28th June 2018
Last updated: Thursday 27th July 2023
Spatial data recorded.