2024-03-29T11:27:26+00:00https://finds.org.uk/database/search/results/format/jsonhttps://finds.org.uk/database/search/results/format/xmlhttps://finds.org.uk/database/search/results/format/rsshttps://finds.org.uk/database/search/results/format/atomhttps://finds.org.uk/database/search/results/format/kmlhttps://finds.org.uk/database/search/results/format/geojsonhttps://finds.org.uk/database/search/results/format/qrcodehttps://finds.org.uk/database/search/results11120Wiltshire1Unitary AuthorityBRONZE AGE1Metal detectorWILT4AC4DE.jpg43925231680712018T111BA4.59Unitary AuthorityCertain4WILT4392516.02-750Downtonx137124.72Wiltshire108922020-03-27T15:56:54ZSubmitted for consideration as TreasureSouth WestCirca
2018 T111; Undergoing Valuation
Description: A Late Bronze Age gold penannular ring, dating to the period 1150-750 BC. It measures 16.02mm in diameter at its widest point and 14.67mm at its most narrow, making it slightly oval. It is 4.59mm thick and weighs 4.72g. It narrows towards the terminals to 3.95mm. The gap between the terminals measures 1.9mm.
Discussion and Date: The Penannular ring belongs to a class of artefact which has been termed 'hair-rings' and 'ring-money' (Taylor 1980; Green 1988; Egan 1994; 1997; Varndell 2001; Hobbs 2003; Meeks et al 2008; O'Connor et al 2008). Their function remains uncertain, although it is likely that they were personal adornments, possibly worn on the ears or nose, rather than being hair-ornaments or items of exchange' (Mark Lodwick and Mary Davis in record NMGW-04216C; references therein). Similar examples to this object are found on the Portable Antiquities Scheme database including: DUR-EC189D, HAMP-F7B741, YORYM-0DD2F7.
Consequently, in terms of age and as the object contains a minimum of 10% precious metal, it qualifies as Treasure under the stipulations of the Treasure Act 1996.
Fiona Johnstone
Finds Liaison Assistant, Wiltshire
Wil Partridge123-1.74472808WILT-4AC8688821631SSWM 5255BRONZE AGEPENANNULAR RINGSU1825finds-8821631110WILT-4AC4DEComplete-1250x13712images/vikadierks/1646544PAS5A54AC4D001F3A32018-01-09T11:49:33ZCertainx137121351.02409174BRONZE AGEGold41427BA1Circa13http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/BRONZE AGECertainCivil Parish2022-07-14T07:14:28.978ZWiltshire10Unitary AuthorityBRONZE AGE1Metal detector2017T578b.jpg43925191677712017T832BA
Conclusion
As a find of more than two base metal objects dating to the prehistoric period, this find qualifies as Treasure under the stipulations of the Treasure Act 1996 (Designation Order 2002).
Unitary AuthorityCertain4WILT43925-1000Restricted Accessx13712Wiltshire106272019-12-10T09:43:00ZInformed finder that the object should be submitted as TreasureSouth WestCirca
The find consists of nine palstaves. They were examined in an uncleaned state and some of the details, identifications and measurements (e.g. weight) could be improved following cleaning. The numbering given in the catalogue reflects the numbers given at the time of recording and as written on the find bags (numbers inside circles). The palstaves are unlooped unless otherwise stated.
Palstave (axe-head). Chalky soil still adhering, one face in good condition with original patina visible, other face is in poorer condition with green corrosion across its surface. Forged blade and evidence of use to better-preserved blade facet. Neatly trimmed casting seams. Mid-rib extends for c.30mm down blade face from triangular decoration which projects from a clear and straight stop-bar. Broad-bladed palstave of Taunton period date.
Dimensions: Length: 167mm; Width (cutting blade): 63mm; Butt width: 20mm; Width of flanges (max): 31.1mm; Weight: 530.5g
Palstave (axe-head). Chalky soil still adhering, dark brown original patina visible albeit with some patches of green corrosion. Pronounced mid-rib and flanges running down to the cutting edge. Forged blade and evidence of use to better-preserved blade facet. Neatly trimmed casting seams. Broad-bladed palstave of Taunton period date.
Dimensions: Length: 126.3mm; Width (cutting blade): 54mm; Butt width: 2mm; Width of flanges (max): 23.8mm ; Weight: 262.8g
Palstave (axe-head). Light amount of chalk soil adhering, dark patina with patches of green corrosion. Mid-rib runs down the middle of the blade and loop is filled (casting flaw). Forged blade and evidence of use to better-preserved blade facet. Neatly trimmed casting seams.
Dimensions: Length: 150mm; Width (cutting blade): 46.5mm; Butt width: 20mm; Width of flanges (max): 46.5mm; Weight: 389.7g
Palstave (axe-head). Chalky soil still adhering, one face in good condition with original patina visible, other face is in poorer condition with green corrosion across its surface. Forged blade and evidence of use to better-preserved blade facet. Neatly trimmed casting seams. Decoration consists of sub-triangular shaped indentation with central rib that runs from the bar stop through the indentation for c.20mm. There is a sink hole from casting shrinkage in the septum next to the bar stop.
Dimensions: Length: 152mm; Width (cutting blade): 67mm; Butt width: 24mm; Width of flanges (max): 30.5mm; Weight: 501.3g
Palstave (axe-head). Chalky soil still adhering, one face in good condition with original patina visible, other face is in poorer condition with green corrosion across its surface. There is sub-triangular shaped decoration but no clear bar-stop, the transition to the septum being gradual rather than sharp. A mid-rib runs down the face of the blade for c. 40mm from the decoration.Forged blade and evidence of use to better-preserved blade facet. Neatly trimmed casting seams.
Dimensions: Length: 164mm; Width (cutting blade): 60.3mm; Butt width: 23mm; Width of flanges (max): 30mm; Weight: 514.5g
Palstave (axe-head). Chalky soil still adhering, one face in good condition with original patina visible (silvery colour), other face is in poorer condition with green corrosion across its surface. There is sub-triangular shaped decoration but no clear bar-stop, the transition to the septum being gradual rather than sharp. This is similar to palstave no. 5, however it differs in that there is no mid-rib. Nick to the cutting edge looks to be modern damage. Three short ribs visible inside septum (probably related to hafting). Forged blade and evidence of use to better-preserved blade facet. Neatly trimmed casting seams.
Dimensions: Length: 160mm; Width (cutting blade): 61mm; Butt width: 23mm; Width of flanges (max): 31mm; Weight: 593.2g
Palstave (axe-head). Looped palstave, blade splayed out probably because of re-sharpening/hammering events. Chalky soil still adhering, original patina visible on all surfaces. Decoration consists of sub-triangular shape with central rib that runs into a notably off-centre mid-ribs on blade surface (which extends to the cutting blade facet). Forged blade and evidence of use to better-preserved blade facet. Neatly trimmed casting seams.
Dimensions: Length: 133mm; Width (cutting blade): 55mm; Butt width: 22.5mm; Width of flanges (max): 27.2mm; Weight: 322.4g
Palstave (axe-head). Looped palstave with slightly flanged sides. Decoration consists of sub-triangular shape with central rib that extends to become a mid-rib on the blade face, running for c. 20mm on blade surface. Similar to palstave no. 7 except that the mid-rib terminates earlier and the sizes and notably different. Forged blade and evidence of use to better-preserved blade facet. Neatly trimmed casting seams. Blade edge has been chipped in antiquity, possibly through use.
Dimensions: Length: 151mm; Width (cutting blade): 62mm; Butt width: 19mm; Width of flanges (max): 30mm; Weight: 380.1g
Palstave (axe-head). Chalky soil still adhering, with patches of bright golden-coloured patina visible across all surfaces. Butt end is notched and rough from the casting process.Decoration consists of sub-triangular shape with central rib that extends to become the mid-rib and runs to the edge of the blade facet. Casting seams are neatly trimmed. Blade is splayed probably because of re-sharpening/hammering events and one corner of the cutting blade is curled back. Forged blade and evidence of use on blade facets.
Dimensions: Length: 128.5mm; Width (cutting blade): 59mm; Butt width: 23.5mm; Width of flanges (max): 26.4mm; Weight: 334.1g
Discussion
All nine palstaves are different to one another - albeit to varying degrees. No two palstaves were cast in the same mould or have exactly the same features. Palstaves Nos. 1, 4-6 are relatively large, broad-bladed axeheads of a type well-known in Southern England during the Taunton period of the Middle Bronze Age. Palstave No. 2 issmaller than these four but possesses the strong mid-rib and flanges that place it in the same category.
Palstaves Nos. 7-9 are united by their shared decorative features, two are looped while one (No. 9) is unlooped. Its narrow body and lack of decoration distinguish Palstave No. 3 as related to Northern French palstaves types (see O'Connor 1980). Features of palstaves Nos. 7-9 can also be linked to French style palstaves.
This dispersed hoard dates to the Taunton phase of the Middle Bronze Age (c.1400-1300 BC) in Southern England. It is notable for containing a variety of palstave types and sub-types, including some examples that suggest Cross-Channel connections. More work is required in the detailed typology and comparisons for the palstaves in this hoard to others found in Southern England.
Bibliography
O'Connor, B. (1980) Cross-Chanel Relations in the Later Bronze Age. Relations between Britain, North-Eastern France and the Low Countries during the Later Bronze Age and the Early Iron Age, with particular reference to the metalwork, BAR 9 I (i&ii).
Neil Wilkin
Curator, The British Museum
18th April 2019
Ian Richardson17Near SalisburyWILT-10DC0E8657511SSWM 5122BRONZE AGEHOARDRestricted Accessfinds-865751118WILT-10C824Complete-1500x13712images/flojohnstone/11084630PAS59C10C820014C642017-09-19T13:24:34ZCertainx1371213BRONZE AGECopper alloy41427BA9Circa13http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/BRONZE AGECertainCivil Parish2022-07-14T07:14:19.315Zfinds-859675859675WILT-43B254SOCKETED AXEHEADBRONZE AGEA fragment of a copper-alloy Late Bronze Age socketed axehead, dating to the period 1100 BC- 800 BC. All that remains of this axehead is the cutting edge, blade tip and part of the blade. It is possibly a Penard/Wilburton type, though exact categorisation is difficult as only a small portion of the axehead remains. The fragment measures 30.15mm in length and 35.63mm at maximum width on the cutting edge, before tapering down to 29.22mm on the blade. What remains of the axehead is triangular in cross-section. The patina is quite smooth, and light green in colour. The cutting edge has worn smooth. In total, the fragment weighs 43.54g.1313-1100-8004WILTSSWM 51442017-08-04T10:15:17Z2022-12-02T11:27:21Z43.54PAS59843B250013F335.6330.151711141427439251717243925WiltshireWiltshireWootton BassettSU067951.50989779-1.914936758WILT-43B2FDCopper alloy10627FragmentBRONZE AGEx13712BRONZE AGEx13712x13712Metal detectorReturned to finderWILT43B254.jpg624797images/flojohnstone/South WestCertain12022-12-02T11:27:22.064Zfinds-834482834482HAMP-D7A2BFSPEARHEADBRONZE AGEA fragment of Middle to Late Bronze Age (c.1500-900 BC) copper-alloy spear. This fragment would have been the very tip of the spearhead, measuring 28.27mm in length and 15.39mm at maximum width. The fragment is lozenge-shaped in cross section and triangular in shape, tapering to a point. The midrib is prominent and tapers on either side to the edges, which are chamfered; the area of chamfering widens considerably towards the tip. The patina for this fragment is very smooth, and dark green in colour. In total, it weighs 7.13g.Fragment131323-1500-9003HAMPLozenge shaped midribHampshire Cultural Trust Entry Form WINCM 3952017-03-06T15:03:07Z2023-04-14T14:44:35Z7.13PAS58BD7A2B001FA515.3928.271711141421177651753117754HampshireWinchesterRestricted AccessCheritonRestricted Access10HAMP-D7AAD5Copper alloy10627FragmentBRONZE AGEx13712MiddleLateBRONZE AGEx13712x13712Metal detectorReturned to finderHAMPD7A2BF.jpg606035images/khindshamp/South EastCertain12023-04-14T13:44:35.23ZLateHampshire1CountyBRONZE AGE1LateMetal detectorHAMP195471.jpg177652016101729312016T1072BA6.59DistrictCertain4HAMP1729716.24-800Restricted Accessx137129.31Havant108922020-04-28T12:40:44ZReturned to finder after being disclaimed as Treasure3South EastCirca
A complete gold or possibly gold-plated copper-alloy Late Bronze Age penannular ring, dating to the period 1150-800 BC. The object measures 16.24mm in diameter, is oval in cross-section, and with a gap measuring 2.39mm wide and 3.94mm in height. The thickness of the ring measures 6.59mm. In total, the penannular ring weighs 9.31g. The weight may indicate it is more likely the penannular ring is made of gold, rather than gold plated copper-alloy. There are small indentations on the face of both terminals, probably residual marks from where a stone was wedged between them (with thanks to the finder for reporting this information). The penannular ring is decorated with a thin, winding strip of a contrasting silvery-coloured metal. They are particularly clear on the inside surface of the ring, which is rather tarnished compared to the outside.
'The penannular ring belongs to a class of artefact which has been termed 'hair-rings' and 'ring-money' (Taylor 1980; Green 1988; Eogan 1994; 1997; Varndell 2001; Hobbs 2003; Meeks et al 2008; O'Connor et al 2008). Their function remains uncertain, although it is likely that they were personal adornments, possibly worn on the ears or nose, rather than being hair-ornaments or items of exchange' (Mark Lodwick and Mary Davis in record NMGW-04216C; references therein). Other parallels to this can also be seen in HAMP-0F9AF6.
Simon Maslin123Havant3HAMP-195E178305031Hampshire Cultural Trust Entry Form WINCM 416BRONZE AGEPENANNULAR RINGRestricted Accessfinds-8305031110HAMP-195471Complete-1150x13712images/flojohnstonehamp/1602072PAS58A1954700115E32017-02-13T11:15:19ZCertainx137122016-12-18T00:00:00Z132016-12-18T00:00:00ZBRONZE AGEGold41421BA1Circa13http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/BRONZE AGECertainDistrict Ward2022-07-14T07:13:54.795ZWiltshire1Unitary AuthorityPOST MEDIEVAL1Metal detectorHAMP7C41DB.jpg439251169881BA14.31Unitary AuthorityCertain4HAMP439251800Restricted Accessx1371249.24Wiltshire106272017-01-10T11:17:36ZReturned to finderSouth WestCirca
A copper-alloy probable miniature anvil of uncertain date, probably dating between the Bronze Age and the early-modern period (c. 2350 BC - AD 1800). It consists of a rectangular body measuring 32.22mm in length, 27.03mm in width and 14.31mm in thickness with a conical projection (max. 8.35mm diameter and 14.30mm long) from one short edge and a triangular projection from one long edge. The triangular projection is pointed-oval in cross-section (max.16.5x6.8mm) and rough to touch, unlike the conical projection and rectangular body which are smooth and shiny. The triangular section does not narrow to a point, but to a worn tip also pointed-oval in cross-section and measuring 8.2x3.4mm. This is rather damaged and it is uncertain if it is an original edge or not.
There are five holes drilled into each side of the rectangular body (roughly one ta the centre with the others arranged around in square formation, although one hole - in the same position on each side - is lower than expected for a square-formation). The holes do not go all the way through to the other side.
The object has a dark green coloured patina covering all surfaces. The object measures 41.63mm in length and 37.68mm in width, with a max.14.31mm thickness. It weighs 49.24g.
This object may have been used for very fine metalwork.
Katie Hinds41.637ChitterneHAMP-7C4BFA8213361Hampshire Cultural Trust Entry Form WINCM 282POST MEDIEVALANVILRestricted Accessfinds-8213361137.6810HAMP-7C41DBComplete-2350x41047images/flojohnstonehamp/1595263PAS5857C41D001BBD42016-12-19T11:27:25ZCertainx1371236BRONZE AGECopper alloy41427BA1Circa13http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/BRONZE AGECertainCivil Parish2022-07-14T07:13:47.426ZMiddleHampshire10CountyBRONZE AGE1MiddleMetal detectorHAMP5AC48E.jpg177651174551BA
The Taunton-Hademarschen type is the earliest regular socketed type in Britain and neighbouring Europe. More specifically, the precise form and decoration match a newly recognised regional variant, of which only a handful of examples are known from Dorset and Hampshire. The location of this new find in the west of the Isle of Wight, just across the Solent, is not therefore unexpected. The socketed axe conforms in all respects to the Taunton-Hademarschen type, the earliest regular socketed type in Britain and neighbouring Europe. More specifically, the precise form and decoration match a newly recognised regional variant, of which only a handful of examples are known from Dorset and Hampshire. The location of this new find in the west of the Isle of Wight, just across the Solent, is not therefore unexpected. It is significant, however, that at Yarmouth this variant is likely to have been associated with other bronze types which support the dating presumed on typological grounds as well as indicated by the associations for other variants within the Taunton-Hademarschen type.
DistrictCertain2HAMP17486-1100Restricted Accessx1371234.61Hart106272017-03-09T16:52:39ZReturned to finder2South EastCirca
An incomplete Late Bronze Age copper-alloy socketed axehead, probably a variant of the Taunton-Hademarschen type (Dr Dot Boughton, pers. comms. November 2016), dating to the period 1300 BC-1100 BC. This socketed axehead has concave sides and short broad neck. The neck has been broken in a jagged fashion, and reveals a small hollow within which measures 11.17mm in length and 6.53mm in width. This hollow does not appear to extend through the entire axehead. The axehead measures 41.31mm in length, 18.15mm at the neck, expanding in width to a flared cutting edge to 25.18mm. The neck of the axehead has a height of 10.81mm, tapering down to the cutting edge. It weighs 34.61g in total. There is no discernible decoration on either side of the axehead, and the patina is a smooth, dark green. Also, there is no evidence of sideloops.
Parallels on the database could also include: IOW-C48CB1 and SOM-63A847.
Sally Worrell41.317Crondall2HAMP-5ACD71816255Taunton-Hademarschen1Hampshire Cultural Trust Entry Form WINCM 282BRONZE AGESOCKETED AXEHEADRestricted Accessfinds-816255118HAMP-5AC48EIncomplete-1300x13712images/flojohnstonehamp/1592118PAS5835AC48001EDA32016-11-23T14:48:40ZCertainx1371213BRONZE AGECopper alloy41421BA1Circa13http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/BRONZE AGECertainCivil Parish2022-07-14T07:13:42.543ZEast Sussex1CountyBRONZE AGE1Metal detectorHAMPF77391.jpg2625From finder128021BADistrictCertain4HAMP2896-1300Restricted Accessx13712338Lewes106272016-11-10T14:36:33ZReturned to finderSouth EastCirca
A cast copper alloy (bronze) early or primary palstave, dating to the period 1500-1300 BC. The palstave axe fits best with the Acton Park II and Taunton metalworking assemblages (Needham Period 5), but also Burgess's Metal Working Stage VIII and IX. In total it measures 161.72mm, with a maximum thickness of 56.08mm, and weighs 338g.
The blade of the palstave is a splayed/sub-crescent or fan shaped, with convex expanding sides, and a wide convex cutting edge. The cutting edge is 2.71mm thick and has a sharp undulating edge. In profile the blade is sub-triangular with the thickest section being at the stop ridge. The blade (measured from the cutting edge to the stop ridge) is 94.76mm in length. Along both sides of the axe is a ridge in the centre of the blade. It runs for 67.26mm, and blends into the palstave before the cutting edge. The edges of both faces are also raised and also blend into the palstave before the cutting edge. The width of the cutting edge measures 56.08mm. The thickness of the blade is 17.32mm.
The rear part of the axe (from the stop ridge to the butt) is sub-rectangular in plan and lozenge shaped in section (profile). The flanges and the butt end are complete, but show wear and some flaws from the metal working process. Flanges and stop ridge have been fused together and form a single unit. The septum (the area between the flange facets and the stop ridge) is 64.82mm long, and 18.85mm wide. The septum is 17.17mm deep where the flanges reach their highest point. The septum would have supported a wooden haft.
The blade has no additional applied or punched decoration, and no side-loops. The palstave has small patches of a dark green patina, within the septum and below the stop ridge on one face. The rest of the axe has developed a dark brown patina, with patches of light green pitting in places. The axe has been finished as the seams have been trimmed and hammered flat.
Sally Worrell161.727WivelsfieldHAMP-F7989C811110Acton Park II and Taunton metalworking assemblages (Needham Period 5)1Hampshire Cultural Trust Object Entry Form WINCM 310BRONZE AGEPALSTAVERestricted Accessfinds-8111101156.0810HAMP-F77391Complete-1500x13712images/flojohnstonehamp/1587741PAS580F77390010BD32016-10-25T16:16:09ZCertainx13712113BRONZE AGECopper alloy41421BA1Circa13http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/BRONZE AGECertainCivil Parish2022-07-14T07:13:38.38ZHampshire1CountyBRONZE AGE1Metal detectorWILT04C3E6.jpg177651178491BADistrictCertain4WILT1773322.44-800Rockbournex137127.66New Forest2016-07-27T14:08:06ZReturned to finderSouth EastCirca
A fragment from a Bronze Age socketed axehead dating to c.1000-800 BC. The fragment comprises a section of the rim of the axe, 20.71mm at its widest, tapering down to a narrow corner. The rim is flat and narrows towards the body of the axe, starting with a maximum thickness of 5.48mm, tapering down to 1.77mm. The fragment is comprised of two ridges, one is much larger than the other. The patina is a dark green throughout.
Richard Henry-1.85895622WILT-04C79078774014671BRONZE AGESOCKETED AXEHEADSU1019finds-7877401110WILT-04C3E6Complete-1000x13712images/flojohnstone/1576828PAS57504C3E00164442016-06-02T16:09:50ZCertainx137121350.97033169BRONZE AGE41421BA1Circa13http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/BRONZE AGECertainCivil Parish2022-07-14T07:13:14.119ZWiltshire1Unitary AuthorityBRONZE AGE1Metal detectorWILT3398C4.jpg439251169451BA5.13Unitary AuthorityCertain4WILT43925-800Pewseyx137125.36Wiltshire2016-06-02T12:18:49ZReturned to finderSouth WestCirca
A fragment from a Bronze Age socketed axehead dating to c.1000-800 BC. The fragment comprises a section of the rim of the axe, 16.98mm at its widest, 4.22mm at its narrowest. The rim is flat and narrows towards the body of the axe, starting with a maximum thickness of 5.13mm, tapering down to 1.76mm. The fragment is comprised of two ridges, one is much larger than the other. The patina is a dark green throughout.
Richard Henry21.04-1.75748337WILT-339BA77813491BRONZE AGESOCKETED AXEHEADSU1757finds-7813491116.9810WILT-3398C4Complete-1000x13712images/flojohnstone/1569085PAS5723398C00140242016-04-29T11:38:04ZCertainx137121351.31186269BRONZE AGE41427BA1Circa13http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/BRONZE AGECertainCivil Parish2022-07-14T07:13:08.667ZWiltshire10Unitary AuthorityBRONZE AGE1Metal detector9963.jpg439251168981BA12.78Unitary AuthorityCertain4WILT43925-1100Shrewtonx1371219.78Wiltshire106272016-09-27T10:51:38ZReturned to finderSouth WestCirca
A fragment of a copper alloy palstave dating from the Middle to Late Bronze Age c. 1500 - 1150 BC. The fragment is sub-rectangular in shape the butt and a fragment of the flanged sides survive. The axe has anangular butt and the sides gradually widen towards the break. Both sides of the palstave have high developed flanges, which increase gradually from the butt to from sub-triangular sides. The sides are unfinished, as you can still see the ridges from the casting process.
The faces of the axe fragment are slightly concave, creating a H-shaped cross-section. The faces of the axe show signs of wear, such as scratches and the break is even and patinated, suggesting that the object was broken in antiquity. Due to the fragmentary nature of the object, it is difficult to confidently assign a Type.
The fragment measures 27.12mm in length, 25.93mm wide, 12.78mm thick and weighs 19.78 grams.
Richard Henry27.127-1.88689397WILT-66A8167776351BRONZE AGEPALSTAVESU0844finds-7776351125.938WILT-669FA1Complete-1500x13712images/flojohnstone/1568061PAS570669FA00109E42016-04-07T15:08:58ZCertainx137121351.19516483BRONZE AGECopper alloy41427BA1Circa13http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/BRONZE AGECertainCivil Parish2022-07-14T07:13:05.182Z