GLO-3B9FB2: COIN
A slightly incomplete struck/ hammered copper alloy nummus of a 4th century emperor, minted at an unknown location (diameter: 14.5mm; thickness: 1.5mm; weight: 1.33g). The coin is in a worn and poor condition.
Stable URI: https://finds.org.uk/database/artefacts/record/id/232399

GLO-3B86E6: COIN
A complete struck/ hammered copper alloy probable radiate, probably dating to the 3rd century and minted at an unknown location (diameter: 17.5mm; thickness: 2.5mm; weight: 2.55g). The coin is in a worn and corroded condition.
Stable URI: https://finds.org.uk/database/artefacts/record/id/232397

GLO-3B6023: COIN
A complete struck/ hammered copper alloy radiate of a probable 3rd century emperor (diameter: 16.5mm; thickness: 2mm; weight: 1.68g). The coin is in a worn but fair condition.
Stable URI: https://finds.org.uk/database/artefacts/record/id/232393

GLO-3B1864: COIN
A complete struck/ hammered copper alloy probable nummus, probably dating to the 4th century and minted at an unknown location (diameter: 16mm; thickness: 1mm; weight: 1.08g). The coin is in a very worn and corroded coniditon with no detail remaining.

WMID-08BF53: UNIDENTIFIED OBJECT
A cast copper alloy unidentified object with remains of extensive iron corrosion, probably dating to the Early Medieval period. Length: 140mm; width at head: 25mm; thickness at head: 24mm; weight: 95.76g. The artefact is sub-rectangular in plan and D-shaped in side section to the remaining arm. At the probable top/ head of the artefact, there is an extensive amount of iron corrosion to the left and the back (length of corrosion area: 48.5mm; width: see above; thickness: see above), which also encases much of the copper alloy features on the item. To one side of the top/ head, there is an integral cast copper alloy circular recessed area (diameter: 14mm; approximate depth of recessed area: 3.5mm) with the remains of what appears to be red and white enamel inside. A raised circular border surrounds this area (outer diameter of raised border: 16mm) with an additional outer platform border (diameter of outer border: 21.5mm; width of outer border: 3.5mm), which is decorated with eight visible small linear and slightly slanted markings across the width. At the front of the artefact approximately 26mm from the top, there is a slightly raised circular platform (approximate diameter: 14.5mm) with the remains of a possible iron circular rivet in the centre (diameter of possible rivet: 6mm). Immediately below this circular platform, a long sub-rectangular and D-shaped (in section) slightly curved arm extends outwards by 97mm. The arm is decorated with zoomorphic decoration in the form of two beast's heads at the top of the arm and at the bottom. The animal's head at the top (length: 14.5mm; width: 12mm; thickness: 7.5mm) immediately below the circular platform is the largest out of the two and is viewed facing upwards towards the top of the artefact. The beast has 'n'-shaped prominent ears that protrude upwards from the artefact, as well as having a single incised and slanted line depicting the eyebrows and sub-oval pointed eyes. Additionally, there are two parallel incised lines running in between the eyes, which may indicate the animal's nose. Lastly, there also appear to be approximately eight small incised markings to either side of the nose and below the eyes, which continue beyond a ridge to appear immediately below the circular platform. Underneath this head, the main length of the arm is decorated with incised linear markings occurring lengthwise, although these markings are separated by recessed or raised areas. The first recessed area (length: 10mm; width: 10mm; thickness: 5.5mm) has approximately eight lines as well as one incised line across the width halfway down. Below this area, the arm raises by 1mm to form a rectangular platform (length: 31mm; width: 11mm; thickness: 6mm) with two parallel incised linear markings across the width at the top and approximately ten incised lines down the length below, with the central line being more deeply incised than the rest. The bottom of this platform terminates in a '^' formation. The same decoration then continues on a slightly lower rectangular platform (length: 21.5mm; width: 9.5mm; thickness: 6mm) with approximately ten slightly curved incised lines occurring lengthwise with a single raised band across the width towards the bottom. The second slightly smaller animal's head (length: 13mm; width: 9mm; thickness: 6.5mm) is situated below this last decorated platform and has similar features to the other example near the top of the artefact. The ears, however, are not as prominent although they are still 'n' in shape. The slanted eyebrows and sub-oval pointed eyes are also present but the nose is less identifiable. There also appear to be further small linear markings on both sides of the face. Lastly, there is a circular knob at the tip of the arm (diameter: 5mm). At the top of the back of the arm, the artefact appears to be broken immediately below the head at the point where the largest animal's head appears on the front. The break occurs at 47mm in length from the probable top of the artefact (width at break: 16mm; thickness of broken section: 6mm). The broken area also appears to be iron when viewed from the broken section and it may be the remains of a similar arm to that at the front. Overall, the artefact is in a worn and corroded condition with a light green patina where the item is made of copper alloy. Additionally, it is difficult to distinguish some of the features/ decoration on this artefact as a result of the item probably being coated in a substance, which also makes the surface appear very shiny.

WMID-2DE051: SOCKETED AXEHEAD
A fragment of a cast copper alloy socketed axehead, dating to the Late Bronze Age, between 1150 – 800 BC (length: 33mm; width at blade: 51.5mm; thickness: 15mm; weight: 76.4g). This axehead fragment is sub-trapezoidal in plan, with a triangular section and the remains of a hollow socket. The blade end is all that remains of this axehead, with the blade tips slightly tapering outwards at the edges. The break across the top of the blade appears to be an old one. The blade edge is slightly incomplete. Overall, the socketed axehead blade fragment is in a worn but fair condition with patches of the original dark green/ brown patina still remaining on either side.

WMID-019427: BUCKLE
A slightly incomplete cast copper alloy buckle, dating to the Medieval period, between AD 1250 – 1450 (diameter: 26mm; thickness at pin: 5.5mm; weight: 4.9g). The buckle frame is circular in plan with a sub-circular section. The frame is decorated on the front of the artefact with approximately twenty small slanted ridges, which result in a twisted appearance. The slightly incomplete cast copper alloy pin (length of pin: 22mm; width of pin: 5mm; thickness of pin: see above), which tapers inwards towards an incomplete point, is separately attached and loops around the buckle frame before extending outwards towards the opposing side of the frame (although it is slightly broken at the end). There is a small ridge across the pin directly below the loop. There is no decoration on the back of the buckle. Overall, the artefact is in a worn but fair condition with a light green/ grey patina. Similar examples are illustrated in Egan, G & Pritchard, F, 2002 edition, ‘Medieval Finds from Excavations in London: 3 c. 1150 – c. 1450’, pages 57-61.

WMID-F10CC2: BELL
A fragment of a cast copper alloy bell, probably dating to the Early Medieval period, between AD 400 - 1066 (length: 26mm; width: 16.5mm; thickness: 11mm; weight: 3.7g). This bell fragment would have been hexagonal in shape when complete. Only the top of the artefact survives with the stumped copper alloy remains of a suspension loop/ attachment at the tip. The six sides of the bell fragment are particular clear and three of the longest remaining sides have a single ring and dot pattern on them. It is impossible to indicate how big the artefact would have been when complete. Additionally, there are the corroded iron remains of a possible shank inside the bell where the bell may have once suspended from. Overall, the fragment is in a worn and poor condition with a dark green patina.

WMID-ECB134: LEAF ARROWHEAD
A slightly incomplete knapped flint leaf arrowhead, dating to the Neolthic period, between 3500 - 2100 BC (length: 28.5mm; width: 17.5mm; thickness: 3.5mm; weight: 1.8g). This leaf arrowhead is convex and in section and is bi-facially knapped, with particular extensive retouch on one side. The artefact has a light brown/ grey colour and is slghtly broken and its base.

WMID-ECA405: LITHIC IMPLEMENT
A collection of four knapped flint lithic implements, dating from the Mesolithic – early Bronze Age, between 8300 – 1500 BC (collective weight: 24.1g).  One double ended and end scraper, dating to the Late Neolithic – early Bronze Age, between 2500 – 1500 BC (length: 38mm; width: 24.5mm; thickness: 11mm; weight: 9.5g). Slight bulb of percussion on ventral side; no ripples or ‘lunettes’; multiple arrises of dorsal side; retouch to top, left and right. Light grey/ off white in colour.  One knife, dating to the Neolithic period, between 3500 – 2100 BC (length: 36.5mm; width: 20mm; thickness: 9.5mm; weight: 5.9g). Bulb of percussion on ventral side with eraillure scar; no ripples or ‘lunettes’; direct retouch on left side of ventral; one main arrise on dorsal side; inverse retouch on right side of dorsal. Dark brown in colour.  One core re-juvenation flake, dating to the late Mesolithic period, between 6500 – 3500 BC (length: 36.5mm; width: 16.5mm; thickness: 5mm; weight: 4.2g). Slight bulb of percussion of ventral side; no ripples or ‘lunettes’; two main arrises on dorsal side. Light grey/ off white in colour.  One prehistoric waste flake, dating from 8300 – 800 BC (length: 32mm; width: 24mm; thickness: 7mm; weight: 4.4g). Bulb of percussion on ventral side with eraillure scar and ripples or ‘lunettes’; one main arrise on dorsal side. Light – dark grey in colour.

WMID-E025E3: STIRRUP
A complete cast copper alloy stirrup strap mount, dating to the Early Medieval period (11th century), between AD 1000 - 1100 (length: 39.5mm; width: 43mm; thickness: 10.5mm; weight: 30.3g). This type of mount has been can be classified by comparison with Williams, D, 1997 in 'Late Saxon Stirrup-Strap Mounts: A Classification and Catalogue', pages 92 & 94, fig 57, e.g. ref no 436, as a Class B, Type 3, Group 4 example with a single head. This openwork and highly decorated mount is trapezoidal in plan and mostly flat in side section, with a slightly uneven obliquely angled flange at the bottom. At the top of the artefact, there is a central protruding knob as well as another protruding knop to each corner. There is one large projecting animal's head in the centre of the mount, although the facial features are too worn to specify. There are four openwork decorative holes radiating outwards and around from the top of this head, which are in tunr possibly surrounding by moulded low relief scrollwork decoration. The two higher holes are slightly larger with a diameter of 3.5mm while the lower smaller holes have a diameter of 2.5mm. Another small openwork decorative hole is also situated below the head with a diameter of 2.5mm. Additionally, there are two large kidney-shaped decorative openwork holes to the left and right of the central head. There are two fixing holes (diameter: 3mm) along the artefact's obliquely angled flange at the bottom of the mount. There are no remains of the probable iron rivets that would have original connected through these holes. The back of the mount is undecorated and flat, apart from a slight recess where the central head appears at the front of the artefact. The mount is in a worn but fair condition with a patchy dark green/ brown patina remaining. According to Williams (1997; page 85), Class B mounts comprise of mainly openwork zoomorphic mounts of varying forms, with angled flanges. Most of the central designs consist of a projecting head or heads, often mouse- or bat-like in appearance, an always cut off below the nose. An identical example is illustrated in Williams' publication (see reference details above) and was found at Dersingham, Norfolk.

WMID-DFA4E1: BOOK FITTING
A complete cast copper alloy book clasp, dating from the Medieval - Post Medieval period, between AD 1400 - 1650 (length: 36.5mm; width: 28mm; thickness at hinge: 7mm; weight: 8.3g). This book clasp is sub-rectangular in plan and mostly flat in section. At the probable top of the artefact, there is a complete hinged mechanism, which curves round towards the back of the artefact. A complete cast copper alloy axis bar is still present held in place between the hinge's two suspension loops. The main flat platform/ body of the clasp integrally protrudes outwards from the artefact. The first part of this platform comprises of a small rectangular section immediately below the hinge. This rectangular section is decorated on the front with two slightly recessed horizontal and parallel rows across the artefact's width, which are in turn each decorated with a series of small raised slanted markings. In the centre at the bottom of this rectangular section there is a complete cast copper alloy rivet still visible, which also protrudes outwards at the back of the fitting. Below this rectangular section, the artefact tapers/ curves outwards towards a wavey/ curved terminal at the opposing end. At 9mm below the complete rivet and 8.5mm from the wavey terminal, there are three openwork circular holes in a line across the artefact's width (approximate diameter of openwork holes: 3.5mm), with a series of three incised markings above each hole. These openwork holes appear to be for decorative use only. Below these three holes, there are two other smaller holes to the left and right of the wavey terminal (diameter of smaller holes: 2mm). These two holes are surrounded by incised leaf decoration, with three leaves depicted. There is no other decoration on the front of this artefact. The back of the book clasp is flat ad undecorated. Overall, the artefact is in a slightly worn but good condition with a dark green/ brown patina. Similar examples are illustrated in Bailey, G, 1992, 'Detector Finds;, pages 70-8. This example is illustrated by Howsam (2016, 339, fig. 5-31A).

WMID-DEC405: CLASP
Copper alloy plate, probably from a medieval folding strap clasp, with traces of a white-metal coating. Length: 32mm; width: 15mm; thickness: 6mm; weight: 6.4g. The object is sub-rectangular in plan and mostly flat in cross-section. It is made from a length of copper-alloy strip folded in half with a wide gap at the fold, as if to hinge around a bar; the edges taper slightly at this end, as if to accommodate a frame. The other end is fragmentary, but appears to have been decoratively shaped into a circular aperture with a short groove running from this down the centre of the plate. The open end has the corroded remains of two iron rivets that would have originally fixed the plate to a belt or strap. On the front, there are two pairs of transverse grooves, one near the fold and one 10.5mm below the open end. The reverse is undecorated. Overall, the artefact is in a worn but fair condition with small areas of the original dark green patina remaining. Plates from folding strap clasps from medieval contexts in London are similar, consisting of simple folded strips with wide gaps at the fold. They cannot be buckle plates, as they have no pin slot or hole, but are otherwise similar. Several have the circular aperture and groove at the attachment end, characteristic of 14th-century objects, and simple decoration is common.

WMID-8AE363: FLAT AXEHEAD
A complete cast bronze flat axehead, dating to the Early Bronze Age between 2150 - 1500 BC (length: 73mm; width at blade tip: 46mm; width at butt: 21.5mm; thickness in the centre: 9.5mm; weight: 137.2g). The axehead is sub-triangular in plan with a convex section. The parallel sides, which are slightly uneven, expand/ taper outwards towards a blunded but complete curved blade tip. There is no decoration on the artefact, which is in a worn and corroded condition with little surviving of the dark brown patina.

WMID-8A8878: BRACELET
A complete (although broken into two parts) cast copper alloy bracelet, possible dating to the Roman period, between AD 43 - 410 (diameter [when complete]: 70mm; width: 4mm; thickness: 2mm; combined weight of two parts: 10.4g). Although in two parts, when both parts are placed together again, the artefact is sub-circular in plan (the bracelet has been misshapen, presumably by being crushed in the ground) and flat in section. There artefact is faintly decorated with a single incised line that runs along the centre of the outside edge of the bracelets circumference. The artefact is in a worn and corroded condition with a patchy light green patina.

WMID-8A21A8: DIRK
An incomplete cast copper alloy dirk, dating to the Middle Bronze Age, between 1500 - 1150 BC (length: 92mm; width at shoulder: 30.5mm; thickness at mid blade: 4mm; overall weight: 31.3g). The artefact is sub-triangular in plan and is mostly flat in section. The butt and shoulders of the dirk are incomplete with the top completely missing. One rivet holes is partially visible to one side, although two rivets would have been originally visible to the left and right when the artefact was complete. The sides of the blade below the shoulders curve/ taper inwards to start form the blade, where the slightly bevelled edges are still visible on both sides of the artefact. The dirk breaks prematurely at the opposing end, although the artefact would not have continued in length for much longer when complete. Overall, the dirk is in a worn, corroded and pitted condition with a patchy dark green patina. There are numerous pits on the patina all over the artefact and much of the corrosion is present at the blade edges and broken tip. Similar dirks are illustrated in Savory, H, N, 1980, 'Guide Catalogue of the Bronze Age Collections' in the National Museum of Wales, pages 113 & 176, fig 28, ref nos 243-4, found at Llanfair Clydogau, Wales and Newchurch, North Wales respectively. Other examples are illustrated in Watson, P, J, 1993, 'Catalogue of British and European Prehistoric Metalwork in Birmingham City Museums', page 10, ref nos 82-3, found at Middlesex, Thames and in Kent at the Isle of Thanet respectively.

WMID-0833E3: COIN
A complete struck/ hammered silver Scottish twenty pence of Charles I, minted as part of the Second Coinage (Briot's hammered issue) in AD 1636 (diameter: 16mm; thickness: 0.2mm; weight: 0.7g). The coin is in a slightly worn but fair condition. Ref: Spink, 2003, 'Standard Catalogue of British Coins: Coins of Scotland, Ireland and the Islands (Jersey, Guernsey, Man and Lundy) Pre-Decimal Issues Second Edition', page 81, ref no 5550.

WMID-07E3B8: COIN
A complete cut halfpenny of Henry III, minted by Ion (possibly) in Bury St Edmunds, between AD 1250-1 (diameter: 17.5mm; thickness: 0.2mm; thickness: 0.5g). This coin can be classified as a Class 4a (probably). The coin is in a slightly worn but good condition. Ref: North, J, J, 1994, 'English Hammered Coinage Volume 1: Early Anglo-Saxon to Henry III c. 600 - 1272', page 226, ref no 989. Ref: Wren, C, 1993, 'The Voided Long-Cross Coinage 1247 - 1279: Henry III & Edward I: An Illustrated Guide to Identification', pages 33, 40, 44 & 55.

WMID-0EFA33: COIN WEIGHT
A complete cast copper alloy square coin weight of James I angel, dating to the revaluation of the Second Coinage, between AD 1612 - 1619 (14mm x 13.5mm; thickness: 3mm; weight: 4.18g). The artefact is in a slightly worn and fair condition. Ref: Paul & Bente Withers, 1993, 'British Coin-Weights: A Corpus of the Coin-Weights made for use in England, Scotland and Ireland', page 38, ref no 424.

WMID-948F63: BUTTON
A complete cast lead alloy button, probably dating from the Medieval - Post Medieval period, between AD 1300 - 1700 (diameter: 22mm; thickness/ depth: 4.5mm; weight: 10.5g). The button is circular in plan and D-shaped in section. The front of the button is decorated with a partially visible four-armed cross radiating outwards from a central pellet, as well as four other pellets, which alternate between the arms of the cross. These alternating pellets are also circled by an additional border as well as other smaller pellets appearing between this decoration. Additionally, there is a probable border around the circumference of the artefact. At the back of the button, a lead suspension loop is completely flattened against the main body of the artefact, with a casting line to either side. The button is in a worn but fair condition with a dark grey patina. A similar example has also been recorded on the Portable Antiquities Scheme database (WMID-8C3798), which was found in the parish of Ilam, Staffordshire. An identical example is also illustrated in April 2007's issue of Treasure Hunting, page 25, fig 11.

WMID-942236: BUCKLE
An incomplete cast copper alloy single loop circular buckle frame (probably), dating to the Medieval period, between AD 1300 – 1450 (diameter: 35mm; thickness: 3mm; weight: 9.9g). The probable buckle frame is circular in plan and D-shaped in section. The pin (that would have been attached around the frame) is completely missing. The frame is partially worn in one area, which may suggest a pin would have originally been present. The buckle is plain and undecorated. Overall, the artefact is in a worn but fair condition with a dark green patina. Similar examples are illustrated in Egan, G & Pritchard, F, 2002 edition, ‘Medieval Finds from Excavations in London: 3: Dress Accessories c. 1150 – c. 1450’, pages 57-8, fig 36, ref nos 31, 32 & 36 particularly.

WMID-92D1B2: STRAP FITTING
A complete cast copper alloy strap/ belt fitting in the form of a snake, dating to the late 16th/ early 17th century AD (length: 40.5mm; width: 20mm; thickness: 6mm; weight: 13.9g). This 'S' shaped buckle is sub-oval in section and has worn/ corroded tapering terminals/ heads at either end, which are in the form of probable zoomorphic birds. The facial features on these terminals are still partially visible, specifically the eyes on one terminal. In the centre between these terminals, there is worn moulded scrollwork decoration. There is no other decoration on this artefact. Overall, the artefact is in a worn but fair condition with a dark green patina. Similar examples are illustrated in Gordon Bailey's 'Detector Finds 3', 1997, pages 20-1. Bailey states that the 'snake form belt hooks' became popular during the 16th century, where an example can be seen in the portrait of Robert Dudley, 1st Earl of Leicester, c. 1575. The fastener was part of a sword belt, and was used in place of the normal buckle. It is likely that these strap fittings would have been tinned or gilded. The snake belt hook would seem to have fallen from fashion by the 17th century, and remained so until the end of the 18th century, when it was favoured by the military (Bailey, page 20).

WMID-929D84: STRAP FITTING
A complete cast copper alloy strap/ belt fitting in the form of a snake, dating to the late 16th/ early 17th century AD (length: 40.5mm; width: 17.5mm; thickness: 4.5mm; weight: 9.8g). This 'S' shaped buckle is sub-oval in section and has tapering terminals/ heads at either end, which are in the form of a probable zoomorphic bird. The facial features on these terminals are still partially visible, specifically the eyes. In the centre between these terminals, there is a worn but elaborate moulded foliage decoration to either side of a central double collar. There is no other decoration on this artefact. Overall, the artefact is in a worn but fair condition with a dark brown patina. Similar examples are illustrated in Gordon Bailey's 'Detector Finds 3', 1997, pages 20-1. Bailey states that the 'snake form belt hooks' became popular during the 16th century, where an example can be seen in the portrait of Robert Dudley, 1st Earl of Leicester, c. 1575. The fastener was part of a sword belt, and was used in place of the normal buckle. It is likely that these strap fittings would have been tinned or gilded. The snake belt hook would seem to have fallen from fashion by the 17th century, and remained so until the end of the 18th century, when it was favoured by the military (Bailey, page 20).

WMID-9280E0: STRAP FITTING
A complete cast copper alloy strap/ belt fitting in the form of a snake, dating to the late 16th/ early 17th century AD (length: 40mm; width: 20.5mm; thickness: 4mm; weight: 11.1g). This 'S' shaped buckle is sub-oval in section and has a tapering terminal/ head at one end, which is in the form of a probable bird's head. The opposing end tapers to form a tail. The facial features on this terminal are clearly visible, including the slanted eyes to either side with the mouth on the underside. There is also a slight crest stretching behind the eyes on the top of the head. Although the head has a probable bird appearance, the tail and multiple scales along the length of the artefact also given a snake-like appearance. There is no other decoration on this artefact. Overall, the artefact is in a worn but fair condition with a light brown patina. Similar examples are illustrated in Gordon Bailey's 'Detector Finds 3', 1997, pages 20-1. Bailey states that the 'snake form belt hooks' became popular during the 16th century, where an example can be seen in the portrait of Robert Dudley, 1st Earl of Leicester, c. 1575. The fastener was part of a sword belt, and was used in place of the normal buckle. It is likely that these strap fittings would have been tinned or gilded. The snake belt hook would seem to have fallen from fashion by the 17th century, and remained so until the end of the 18th century, when it was favoured by the military (Bailey, page 20).

WMID-924EC6: STRAP FITTING
A complete cast copper alloy strap/ belt fitting in the form of a snake, of Modern dating (18th to 20th Centuries AD) (length: 43mm; width: 26.5mm; thickness: 5.5mm; weight: 12.7g). This 'S' shaped buckle is sub-oval in section and has a tapering terminal/ head at one end, which is in the form of a snake's head. The opposing end tapers to form the snake's tail. The facial features on this terminal are clearly visible, including the eyes on the upper side and the mouth on the underside. In the centre between these terminals, there is a worn but probable moulded decoration. The snake's multiple scales are also clearly visible along the length of the artefact. There is no other decoration on this artefact. Overall, the artefact is in a worn but fair condition with a light brown patina. Similar examples are illustrated in Gordon Bailey's 'Detector Finds 3', 1997, pages 20-1. Bailey states that the 'snake form belt hooks' became popular during the 16th century, where an example can be seen in the portrait of Robert Dudley, 1st Earl of Leicester, c. 1575. The fastener was part of a sword belt, and was used in place of the normal buckle. It is likely that these strap fittings would have been tinned or gilded. The snake belt hook would seem to have fallen from fashion by the 17th century, and remained so until the end of the 18th century, when it was favoured by the military (Bailey, page 20).

WMID-91EB04: COIN
A complete (although slightly clipped) struck/ hammered silver groat of Edward IV, minted in London during his second reign, between AD Autumn 1471 - Mid 1473 [Type XIII-XIV] (diameter: 25.5mm; thickness: 0.5mm; weight: 3.1g). Initial mark: annulet. The coin is in a slightly worn but good condition. Ref: North, J, J, 1991, 'English Hammered Coinage Volume 2: Edward I to Charles II 1272 - 1662', page 93, ref no 1631.

WMID-59CBB7: CLOTH SEAL
An incomplete cast lead or lead alloy cloth seal, probably dating to the late Medieval - Post Medieval, between AD 1400 - 1650 (length: 29mm; diameter: 20mm; thickness: 4.5mm; weight: 7.2g). The cloth seal is sub-circular in plan and flat in section, with a damaged and flattened suspension loop at the top. It consists of two discs, one perforated to receive an integral rivet on the reverse of the other; the flattened remains of the rivet survive. The artefact appears to be decorated on one side only (the riveted face), where a probable horse, dog or camel is depicted facing right in the incomplete centre. A small border of small zig-zag markings appears around the outside edge to the right of the central animal. There is no other decoration. The seal has a mid grey white colour and is largely incomplete at the back. Overall, the artefact is in a worn but fair condition.

WMID-597BC3: STRAP FITTING
An incomplete cast copper alloy belt fitting, probably dating to the Post Medieval period, between AD 1550 – 1700 (length: 60.5mm; width: 18.5mm; thickness: 9mm; weight: 11.0g). This belt fitting is sub-rectangular in plan and flat in section, with a sub-rectangular suspension hook/ loop curved round against the back of the front face of the artefact. On the front face, there are five small symmetrical protrusions/ points extending outwards by approximately 2mm to either side. The suspension hook/ loop forms an open loop at the top of the artefact (length of loop: 16mm; width of loop: 6mm) and tapers outwards slightly towards its end. It curves from the front to the back of the artefact, where it terminates flat against the front face at 33mm down the overall length of the fitting. There is no other decoration on this artefact, which is in a very worn and corroded condition. Small areas of the original dark green patina survive, although much of the surface and edges is suffering from extensive bronze disease.

WMID-58B947: VESSEL
An incomplete cast copper alloy cauldron leg, dating to the Medieval period, between AD 1100 - 1500 (length: 18.5mm; width: 32mm; thickness: 12.5mm; weight: 26.4g). The cauldron leg is sub-rectangular in plan and sub-rectangular in section. The artefact is slightly slanted. There is blackening over most of the leg’s surface, which suggests close contact with fire or heat. Overall, the cauldron leg is in a worn but fair condition with a dark green patina.

WMID-583333: VESSEL
A body fragment of a wheel-thrown ceramic possible Derbyshire ware vessel, dating to the Roman period, between AD 43 - 410 (43.5mm x 31mm; thickness: 7mm; weight: 11.6g). The inner fabric of the sherd is light orange with patches of grey on the inner and outer surface. This hard fired and rough fabric has numerous large grit and quartz inclusions. The fragment is in a worn but fair condition.

WMID-580F66: COIN
A complete struck/ hammered copper alloy nummus of Licinius I, minted in Trier, between AD 313-5 (diameter: 22mm; thickness: 1mm; weight: 3.3g). The coin is in a slightly worn and fair condition. Ref: Sutherland, C, H, V & Carson, R, A, G, 1966, 'The Roman Imperial Coinage Volume VII: Constantine and Licinius AD 313-337', page 168, ref nos 57-8.

WMID-85DF68: LITHIC IMPLEMENT
A collection of flints including: • six debitage flakes, dating to the Prehistoric period • one Late Neolithic semi-circular scraper • one Late Neolithic/ Bronze Age piercer

WMID-85C4D3: LITHIC IMPLEMENT
A collection of flints including: • two debitage flakes, dating to the Prehistoric period • one Late – Early Neolithic end scraper on a blade • one Late Mesolithic – Neolithic multi-tool, including part of the tool being used as a side scraper and one area used as a borer/ piercer • one Neolithic end scraper on a flake • one possible Late Neolthic – Bronze Age miscellaneous retouched flint

WMID-82EF75: BUTTON
A complete cast copper alloy button, dating from the Medieval – Post Medieval period, between AD 1400 – 1600 (length: 16mm; diameter of head: 23.5mm; width of shank: 12mm; thickness of shank: 4mm; weight: 10.2g). This button has a circular head, which is mostly flat in section. The head is decorated with a series of four concentric incised circles surrounded a central circular recessed area (diameter of recessed area: 2mm). Two of these incised circles appear close together 1.5mm from the outside edge. There is then a space of 4mm between these circles and the next circle. Lastly, there is 3.5mm from this additional circled to the central recessed area. There is a slightly off-centre shank protruding outwards from the back of the button head (see measurements above; length of shank: 12mm), which has a suspension loop at the end with an inner hole (diameter of hole: 5.5mm). Additionally, there are casting lines (indicating that this artefact was made in a mould) to either side of the shank, which appear to have been hammered and filed down to enable them to be less visible. Overall, this button is in a slightly worn but fair condition.

WMID-82E395: BUCKLE
An incomplete cast copper alloy double looped asymmetrical buckle, dating from the Post Medieval period, between AD 1550 – 1700 (length: 22.5mm; width: 16mm; thickness: 1.5mm; weight: 1.8g). This asymmetrical buckle is sub D-shaped in plan and D-shaped in section. There is a narrowed strap bar in the centre of the buckle but the pun is completely missing. There is no decoration on the buckle. Overall, the artefact is in a worn and poor condition with a dark green patina. Similar examples are illustrated in Whitehead, R, 1996, ‘Buckles 1250 – 1800’, pages 90-1, particularly ref nos 562 & 570.

WMID-82D9E2: BELL
A fragment of a cast copper alloy probable bell, dating from the Medieval – Post Medieval period, between AD 1300 – 1700 (length: 8mm; diameter: 18mm; thickness of metal: 2mm; weight: 3.5g). The probable bell fragment is circular in plan and domed in section. At the probable top of the artefact, there is a small drilled hole (diameter of hole: 2.5mm). The fragment is completely broken around the circumferencial edge below. There is no decoration on the artefact. Overall, the fragment is in a worn but fair condition with a light green/ brown patina.

WMID-07BD76: COIN
A complete (although slightly clipped) struck/ hammered groat of Henry V, minted in London, between AD 1413 - 1422 (diameter: 24.5mm; thickness: 0.5mm; weight: 3.6g). The coin is in a slightly worn but fair condition. Ref: Ref: North, J, J, 1991, 'English Hammered Coinage Volume 2: Edward I to Charles II 1272 - 1662', page 70, ref no 1387 (probably).

WMID-07ABE6: COIN
A slightly incomplete struck/ hammered copper alloy farthing of William III, minted in AD 1699 (diameter: 22mm; thickness: 1.5mm; weight: 4.3g). The coin is in a slightly worn but fair condition. Spink, 2006, 'Standard Catalogue of British Coins: Coins of of England and the United Kingdom', 41st edition, page 347, ref no 3558.

WMID-078407: COIN
A slightly incomplete struck/ hammered copper alloy farthing of William III, minted in AD 1696 (diameter: 22mm; thickness: 1.5mm; weight: 4.6g). The coin is in a worn and poor condition. Spink, 2006, 'Standard Catalogue of British Coins: Coins of England and the United Kingdom' 41st edition, page 347, ref no 3557.

WMID-070A75: COIN
A slightly incomplete struck/ hammered shilling of Edward VI, minted as part of the Third Period of coinage at the Tower of London, between AD 1551-3 (diameter: 32mm; thickness: 0.2mm; weight: 4.1g). Initial mark: tun (probably). The coin is in a worn and poor condition. Ref: North, J, J, 1991, 'English Hammered Coinage Volume 2: Edward I to Charles II 1272 - 1662', page 123, ref no 1937.

WMID-CB68F6: VESSEL
One ceramic wheel-thrown body sherd of possible Midlands Purple Ware, probably dating to the Post Medeival period, between AD 1550 – 1700 (34.5mm x 32mm; thickness: 5.5mm; weight: 7.2g). This sherd has a hard-fired fabric, which is dark grey in colour with dark brown glaze present on both sides. The fill of the fabric contains small grits/ inclusions. One side of th sherd is also decorated with linear markings consisting of multiple sub-rectangular patterns impressed into the fabric. The sherd is in a slightly worn but fair condition. Midlands Purple Ware does originate in the 15th/ 16th century, but production waste is known from the 16th/ 17th century, continuing into the early 18th century. Specific forms include jars, dishes, bowls and cisterns. Production centres for this ware are distributed across the Midlands, specifically Burslem and Wednesbury (Staffordshire), Chilvers Coton (Warwickshire) and Ticknall (Derbyshire).

WMID-CAFF32: VESSEL
One body sherd, one base sherd and one rim sherd of ceramic wheel-thrown possible Severn Valley ware, dating to the Roman period, between AD 43 – 400 (thickness ranging from 6.5mm – 10.5mm; collective weight: 47.6g). The sherds have a dark orange/ grey sandy fabric with small gritty and quartz inclusions. The sherds are in a worn and poor condition. Severn Valley ware has a hard, fine-textured fabric, typically brown or reddish-orange at the surface and sometimes with a grey core (particularly in the thicker parts). The fabric is slightly micaceous with little visible temper, but coarser ‘gritted’ (with sand, grog and clay pellets as well as a little iron ore) or vesicular (?burnt organic) variants known. Surfaces are usually burnished and mostly wheel-thrown. Severn Valley comes in a variety of forms including storage jars, bead-rim jars, wide mouthed jars, bowls, tankards, flanged bowls, dishes/ platters and lids. This ware flourishes in the 2nd and 3rd centuries AD, and continues into the 4th century. There area a number of kiln sites dating to the 2nd/ 3rd century at Alkington, Glos; Ledbury, Herefordshire; Wroxeter, Salop; Bransford, Worcs; Great Malvern, Worcs and Malvern Link, Worcs. Ref: Tyers, P, 1996, ‘Roman Pottery in Britain’, pages 197-99.

WMID-CAA041: VESSEL
Two body sherds, two base sherds and one rim sherd of wheel-thrown ceramic Samian ware, dating to the Roman period, between AD 43 – 200 (thickness ranging from 4mm – 16.5mm; collective weight: 64.5g). The smooth and fairly hard-fired fabric of these sherds is light orange/ brown in colour with infrequent small grit inclusions. Most sherds are coated on both sides with a dark orange/red gloss glaze. Only one of these sherds is decorated with a moulded ‘ovolo’ (also known as ‘egg-and-dart’ or ‘egg-and-tongue’ frieze decoration) design, which is most commonly used as the upper border of design on Samian pottery, indicating that this sherd could be from the top part of the body of a open dish or bowl, or a similar type of tableware. No other decoration is visible on this sherd. Overall, all these sherds are in a worn and poor condition with sometimes only small areas of the gloss glaze remaining.

WMID-8DD7C7: SPINDLE WHORL
A complete cast lead spindle whorl, dating from the Medieval - Post Medieval period, between AD 1400 - 1600 (diameter: 31mm; thickness: 6.5mm; weight: 30.7g). This spindle whorl is circular in plan and slightly bi-conical in section with a central circular drilled hole (diameter of hole: 10mm) for the probable wooden spindle to run through. The artefact is decorated on both sides. On one side, there are seven evenly spaced and worn pellets circling the central hole. On the other side, there are seven large letters that make up an inscription: ‘C, I,L,R,T,I,H’, which do not appear to make any sense, therefore making it difficult to understand their meaning/ translation. Some of the letters are also written in the opposite direction to neighbouring letters. There is no other decoration on this side of the artefact. Overall, the spindle whorl is in a slightly worn and fair condition. Similar spindle whorls with inscriptions have been recorded on the Portable Antiquities Scheme database. These include NCL-D88766, found at Bamburh, Northumberland; NLM-219217, found at Belton, North Lincolnshire; LEIC-C2E771 & LEIC-46FCE7, both found at Thurcaston & Cropston, Leicestershire and lastly NLM-D295F4, found at Syston, Lincolnshire.

WMID-8D7884: VESSEL
A complete cast copper alloy zoomorphic decorative pouring spout or laver, probably from an ewer and dating to the 15th century AD (length: 69mm; width: 49.5mm; thickness: 16.5mm; weight: 68.8g). This artefact has an integrally cast angular dog's head terminal with a tubular spout extending out from the dog's open sub lozenge-shaped mouth (internal diameter of spout: 5.5mm). The dog's head has strongly pronounced ridges/ protrusions for the facial features, including rectangular ears to either side of the head and heavy ridged eyebrows. There is an additional ridge running down the centre of the dog's forehead between the ears.The eyes are not illustrated. The spout has a short narrower neck before curving downwards to the hollow opening at the back. The back of the artefact, which would have been attached to the vessel, is undecorated and curved to a pointed terminal, with a slanted indentation continuing to a hollow circular opening at the top, which then leads to the front of the spout. The artefact is in a worn but fair condition with a dark green patina. Similar examples can be seen recorded with the Portable Antiquities Scheme (record numbers WMID-FFD0E2, WMID-BE4B04, WMID-AE1396 & WMID-9748E6) and are illustrated in Mill's 'Medieval Artefacts', 1999, page 110, ref NM 292, where they are described as being from a laver or priest's washing bowl. A ewer with a similar spout is also shown in J.M. Lewis's paper 'Bronze Aquamaniles and Ewers' (1987: Finds Research Group Datasheet 7, pp 4-5 fig 8a). This example is from a later pedestal-base ewer discovered in the moat at Cardiff Castle and dated to the 15th century.

WMID-8D0720: PALSTAVE
A complete cast copper alloy un-looped palstave axehead, dating to the Middle Bronze Age, between 1500 – 1150 BC (length: 167mm; width at blade: 61.5mm; width at stop: 24mm; thickness at stop: 33.5mm; thickness at blade tip: 5.5mm; weight: exceeds the weight limit of scales: more than 150g). The rear part of the axe (from the stop ridge to the butt) is sub-rectangular in plan from the butt to the stop (length: 70mm) and sub-triangular in profile with the thickest part of the artefact immediately behind the stop ridge. The septum (the area between the flange facets and the stop ridge) is 70mmlong, 18mm wide and approximately 9mm deep. in plan from the stop to the blade edge (length: 97mm). The flange facets, which are both complete and give the artefact a lozenge-shaped appearance to the side, are fused to the stop ridge forming two raised elements to haft the axe by. The butt of the axehead is slightly rounded in plan. On both sides of the axe are partially visible linear scars / ribs which extend from the butt to the cutting edge. These have been trimmed and possibly hammered. It is likely that these scars are the remnants of the two part mold used to cast the artefact. There are a couple of bubbles at the butt of the axe, which also indicate the casting process. Immediately below the stop ridge is a slight shield-shaped depression, which seems to be relatively common occurance on un-looped palstaves of this period. The blade, which is sub-triangular in plan and mostly sub-rectangular in section, curves and expands outwards towards the complete and slightly bevelled cutting edge. On one side of the blade, there are numerous scratch or dash marks that occur directly above the bevelled edge. Overall, the artefact is in a worn but fair condition with a dark green patina. Similar examples are illustrated in Moore, C, N & Rowlands, M, 1972, ‘Bronze Age Metalwork in Salisbury Museum’, pages 52-3 & plate VII, ref nos 15-22.

WMID-8B4A25: SPEARHEAD
An incomplete cast copper alloy socketed and side-looped spearhead, dating to the Late Bronze Age, between 1150 - 800 BC (length: 62.5mm; width at blade: 13.5mm; thickness at half way down blade: 8mm; outer diameter at socket: 12.5mm; weight: 22.2g). The tip of the spearhead is all that remains of this artefact. The blade is leaf shaped (length of blade: 33mm; width and thickness: see above) with a lozenge-shaped section as well as badly corroded blade wings that protrude outwards to either side of the midrib (width of blade wings: 3.5mm). The tip of the blade is badly corroded and slightly incomplete. At approximately 50mm from the blade tip, the stumped and incomplete remains of the side loops remains to the left and right of the artefact. It is at this point that the section of the spearhead transforms from a lozenge shape to a circular socket (outer diameter of socket: see above; inner diameter of socket: 9mm). The artefact breaks immediately after the side loops begin to appear. Overall, the spearhead is in a very poor and heavily corroded condition with small areas of the dark green patina still visible.

WMID-218CB2: JETTON
A slightly incomplete struck/ hammered copper alloy Medieval English jetton, minted between AD 1350 - 1400 during the reigns of Edward III or Richard II (diameter: 21mm; thickness: 1mm; weight: 2.8g). The jetton is in a worn and poor condition. Ref: Mitchiner, M, 1988, 'Jetons, Medalets & Tokens: The Medieval Period and Nuremburg Volume One', page 124, ref nos 283-4. Ref: Berry, G, 1974, 'Medieval English Jetons', page 667, plate 6, ref no 5.

WMID-929794: TOKEN
A complete cast lead token, dating to the 15th/ 16th century, between AD 1600 – 1700 (diameter: 25.5mm; thickness: 2mm; weight: 6.42g). The token is circular in plan and flat in section. On side of the artefact, there is a cross depicted with a single pellet in each quarter. On the opposing side, there is a six-pointed star with a single pellet in between each raised arm of the star. Overall, the artefact is in a worn but fair condition. Similar examples are illustrated in Mitchiner, M & Skinner, A, 1985, ‘English Tokens c. 1425 to 1672’, pages 152 - 156; plates 11 - 15.

WMID-9255C1: BROOCH
An incomplete cast copper alloy Colchester trumpet brooch (with four separate spring and pin fragments), dating to the Roman period, between AD 43 - 200 (length: 56mm; width at head: 17mm; thickness/ depth: 33.5mm; overall weight: 25.08g). At the top of the brooch, there is a protruding extension which appears broken at the tip. This extension may have originally formed the suspension loop of the artefact. At the head of the brooch is sub-oval in shape with incomplete remains of, blue yellow and possibly red enamel surviving in various deep recessed areas/ cavities down the front of the head forming a Celtic-style motif design. Immediately below the head, the bow of the brooch becomes narrow before expanding outwards to form a central moulded acanthus leaf decoration. There is additional decoration above and below this moulded acanthus design in the form of a button either side comprising of three compact ridges, the middle of which is further decorated by small incised linear markings. Below the acanthus decoration, the brooch’s bow is triangular in section and is decorated with twelve alternating triangular-shaped recesses/ cavities to either side of the prominent central ridge. These recesses still house small amounts of blue enamel in areas although it is difficult to identify other coloured enamel remaining in this area. The bottom part of the bow slightly bends to one side and tapers towards the foot. Immediately above the foot, there is a single ridge across the brooch’s width, which is decorated with small incised linear markings. Below this ridge, the foot ‘trumpets’ outwards with additional acanthus decoration around its base. On the bottom of the foot, there is a central slightly protruding circular pellet, although otherwise the foot is flat. At the back of the oval dished head, the cast copper alloy spring has become separated from the brooch. The remaining spring has five complete turns as well as part of an additional loop extending from the spring. Two other separate pieces of the pin remain. The incomplete cast copper alloy triangular catch-plate (length: 30.5mm) still remains but is broken and bent along the outside edge. The brooch is in a worn and corroded condition with a dark green patina. This brooch is similar in particular aspects to several examples illustrated in Hattatt, R, 1985, ‘Iron Age and Roman Brooches’, pages 106-8, ref nos 431 – 434, found at Petersfield (Hampshire), East Anglia, Northamptonshire and County Durham respectively. These examples have similar acanthus and enamelled decoration. Other examples are also illustrated in Hattatt. R, 1987, 'Brooches of Antiquity', pages 132-134, ref nos 955 - 958, found at an unknown location, Norfolk, Circencester (Gloucestershire) and London respectively.

WMID-8FC217: COIN
An incomplete struck/ hammered copper alloy Byzantinian follis of Heraclius, minted in Nicomedia during AD 611-12 (Class 1, Year 2) (diameter: 28mm; thickness: 2.5mm; weight: 10.97g). Ref: Grierson, P, 1982, ‘Byzantine Coins’, page 359, plate 24, ref no 417. Ref: Sear, D, R, 1987, ‘Byzantine Coins & their Values’, page 178, ref no 833. Ref: Hahn MIB III, 174

WMID-7F41D0: BROOCH
An incomplete cast copper alloy annular brooch, dating to the 13th/ 14th century AD (diameter of brooch frame: 29.5mm; thickness of frame: 3mm; weight: 4.1g). The brooch frame is annular in plan and D-shaped in section. The frame is undecorated and there is a small constriction/ recess (width: 3mm) along the frame, which would have originally held the pin (now missing) in place. Overall, the brooch is in a worn but fair condition with a patchy brown patina. A similar example is illustrated in Egan, G & Pritchard, F, 2002, ‘Medieval Finds from Excavations in London: 3: Dress Accessories c. 1150 – c. 1450’, pages 248-9, ref no 1307.

WMID-15CA17: VESSEL
A complete cast copper alloy cauldron leg, probably dating to the Medieval period, between AD 1100 - 1500 (length: 42.5mm; width: 36mm; thickness: 22.5mm; weight: 92.96g). The cauldron leg is sub-triangular in plan and triangular in section. The front and base of the leg are slanted and the artefact has an uneven back. Additionally, there is blackening on the bottom half of the artefact, which suggests close contact with fire or heat. Overall, the cauldron leg is in a worn but fair condition with a dark green patina.

WMID-15C252: BUCKLE
An incomplete cast copper alloy double looped oval buckle with moulded decoration, dating to the Medieval - Post Medieval period, between AD c.1500 - 1650 (length: 25.5mm; width: 24.5mm; thickness: 3mm; weight: 2.24g). One of the oval buckle loops remains with moulding along the outside edge as well as to either end of the narrow strap bar. Overall, the buckle is in a worn and corroded condition with a dark green patina.

WMID-15BC14: BUCKLE
An incomplete cast copper alloy double looped oval buckle, dating from the Medieval - Post Medieval period, between AD c. 1500 - 1650 (length: 18.5mm; width: 17.5mm; thickness: 1.5mm; weight: 1.27g). One oval loop remains, while the other loop is completely missing. There is no decoration on this artefact other than a slight moulding to either end of the narrowed strap bar. Overall, the artefact is in a worn but fair condition.

WMID-15B602: WEIGHT
A complete cast lead conical standing weight, dating from the Roman – Post Medieval period, between AD 43 – 1800 (length: 29mm; diameter at base: 27mm; weight: 85.93g). The conical weight has an irregular and crudely formed circular hole at the top of the weight (diameter of hole: 2mm) with sloping sides that extend downwards to an irregularly shaped circular base. The base of the artefact is uneven with an additional hole visible in the centre (diameter of hole: 3mm), where the hole from the top to the bottom has continued throughout the artefact. Overall, the weight is in a slightly worn but fair condition. Standing weights are very difficult to date to a particular period as lead weights such as this example were still used in comparatively recent times (Biggs & Withers, 2000, page 30), with some being used in the 19th century AD. Similar examples are illustrated in Biggs, N & Withers, P, 2000, ‘Lead Weights: The David Rogers Collection’, page 31-2, ref nos 69 & 72 particularly.

WMID-15AF48: CHAFING DISH
An incomplete cast copper alloy chafing dish handle, dating to the 17th century AD, between AD 1600 - 1700 (length: 30.5mm; width: 32mm; thickness: 17mm; weight: 23.46g). The central feature of the handle is sub rectangular in plan and pear-shaped in section with a stubbed platform at one end and a carved circular hole (diameter: 7.5mm) through the centre. A metal bar, which has been bent twice to form a 'U' shape with two incomplete arms, is still attached through the circular hole of the central feature. There is no decoration on this artefact. Overall, the chafing dish handle is in a slightly worn but fair condition with a dark green/ brown patina. Two identical (although complete) examples are illustrated in Bailey, G, 2000, 'Finds Identified', page 59, fig 8, which are described as 'bronze chafing dish handles, 15th to 18th centuries.' An illustration showing these handles attached to the side of a chafing dish can be seen in fig 6 on the same page.

WMID-1404D8: WEIGHT
A complete cast lead conical standing weight, dating from the Roman – Post Medieval period, between AD 43 – 1800 (length: 21.5mm; diameter at base: 24.5mm; weight: 56.86g). The conical weight has an irregular and crudely formed circular hole at the top of the weight (diameter of hole: 3.5mm) with sloping sides that extend downwards to an irregularly shaped circular base. There is a sub-rectangular recess (7mm x 4.5mm) in the centre of the base where the hole from the top to the bottom has continued throughout the artefact. Overall, the artefact is in a slightly worn but fair condition. Standing weights are very difficult to date to a particular period as lead weights such as this example were still used in comparatively recent times (Biggs & Withers, 2000, page 30), with some being used in the 19th century AD. Similar examples are illustrated in Biggs, N & Withers, P, 2000, ‘Lead Weights: The David Rogers Collection’, page 31-2, ref nos 69 & 72 particularly.

WMID-13D6E4: WEIGHT
A complete cast lead conical weight or spindle whorl, dating from the Roman – Post Medieval period, between AD 43 – 1800 (diameter: 22mm; thickness: 6mm; weight: 9.85g). The weight/ spindle whorl is conical in plan with a slightly uneven circular section (see diameter above). There is a slightly off-centre cylindrical drilled hole down the length of the artefact with a circular hole at either end (diameter of hole: 8mm). There is no decoration on the artefact and, overall, the weight is in a worn but fair condition.

WMID-12CDB7: BUTTON
A complete (probably) cast copper alloy button with the remains of an iron shank/ loop, probably dating to the Early Medieval period, between AD 410 – 1066 (diameter: 16.5mm; thickness: 10.5mm; weight: 6.62g). The button is circular in plan and mostly D-shaped in section. At the front of the artefact, there are three irregularly shaped oval/ rounded recesses carved out of the face. There is no other decoration on the button. On the back of the artefact, the quantity of iron corrosion visible suggests that there may have been an iron shank/ loop attached to the centre (most of which is now missing). Overall, the button is in a worn and corroded condition with a patchy dark green patina.

WMID-11DAC3: STRAP FITTING
A complete cast copper alloy strap/ belt fitting in the form of a snake, dating to the late 16th century AD (length: 39.5mm; width: 20.5mm; thickness: 6mm; weight: 11.22g). This 'S' shaped buckle is sub-oval in section and has tapering terminals head at either end, which form a zoomorphic bird or dragon appearance. All the facial features on these terminals are visible, which include an open mouth, incised eyes, a crest on top of the head as well as feathers or scales down the beasts' necks. In the centre between these terminals, there is elaborate moulded foliage decoration to either side of a central moulded flower. There is no other decoration on this artefact. Additionally, there is a complete circular loop (which has a slightly gap in it) that still circles round the artefact (diameter of loop: 11.5mm). Overall, the artefact is in a slightly worn but fair condition with a light green patina. Similar examples are illustrated in Gorgon Bailey's 'Detector Finds 3', 1997, pages 20-1. Bailey states that the 'snake form belt hooks' became popular during the 16th century, where an example can be seen in the portrait of Robert Dudley, 1st Earl of Leicester, c. 1575. The fastener was part of a sword belt, and was used in place of the normal buckle. It is likely that these strap fittings would have been tinned or gilded. The snake belt hook would seem to have fallen from fashion by the 17th century, and remained so until the end of the 18th century, when it was favoured by the military (Bailey, page 20).

WMID-11A075: BELL
A fragment of a cast copper alloy spherical crotal bell, dating to the Post Medieval period, between AD 1600 – 1800 (length: 31.5mm; width: 29mm; thickness of metal: 3mm; weight: 14.70g). At the top of the crotal bell fragment, there is a sub rectangular suspension loop (length/ height: 11.5mm; width: 10.5mm; thickness: 4.5mm) with an inner circular hole, which is slightly off-centre (diameter: 3mm). An outer circumferencial ridge is partly visible around the centre of the bell fragment. The top half of the bell is above this ridge is undecorated (although there are numerous scratch marks) with one complete circular sound hole (diameter: 8mm) to one side of the suspension loop. A small section of the opposing second sound hole is visible before the artefact break. The bottom half of the crotal bell is completely missing. Overall, the artefact is in a worn and slightly corroded condition with a light grey/ green patina.

WMID-111EF1: BUCKLE
An incomplete cast copper alloy double loop rectangular buckle with moulded decoration on the loop, dating to the Post Medieval period, between AD c. 1600 – 1700 (length: 22.5mm; width: 23mm; thickness: 3mm; weight: 3.66g). This rectangular buckle has a D-shaped section (with bevelled inside and outside edges) and only one loop remains. There is a simple moulded pin rest in the centre of the outside edge of the remaining, which is likely to have been repeated on the opposing side when complete. There is also a slightly lobed protrusion at either end of the strap bar. The buckle is in a worn and slightly corroded condition with a dark green/ brown patina. An identical example is illustrated in Whitehead, R, 1996, ‘Buckles 1250 – 1800’, page 79, ref no 486.

WMID-10F021: BUCKLE
A complete cast copper alloy buckle tongue/ chape, dating between AD 1660-1720 (length: 35.5mm; width: 19mm; thickness: 9.5mm; weight: 7.13g). The tongue/ chape is sub-triangular in shape and mostly flat in section. The artefact forks/ divides into two cylindrical sectioned casings to the left and right where the pin (now missing) would have connected the tongue/ chape to the main frame of the buckle. At the opposing end, there is a circular protruding stud (diameter: 11mm). The artefact is in a worn and corroded condition with a patchy light brown patina. Similar tongues/ chapes are illustrated in Whitehead's 'Buckles 1250-1800', pages 98-102, ref nos 609, 626, 630, 633, 644, 656, 659 & 660.

WMID-011E56: BUCKLE
An incomplete cast copper alloy sub-annular and double looped buckle, dating from the 17th/ 18th century between AD 1650 – 1750 (length: 17mm; width: 19.5mm; thickness: 2mm; weight: 1.8g). This buckle is oval in plan with a slightly concave and D-shaped section. The narrowed strap bar is now worn and the pin is completely missing. There is no decoration on the artefact. Overall, the buckle is in a worn and corroded condition with a patchy light brown patina. Similar examples are illustrated in Whitehead, R, 1996, ‘Buckles 1250 – 1800’, page 48, ref nos 278-9.

WMID-00B394: COIN
A complete struck/ hammered copper alloy radiate of Claudius II or Claudius Gothicus, minted as part of a commemorative issue between AD 268-70 (diameter: 17.5mm; thickness: 2mm; weight: 2.9g). The coin is in a worn and poor condition. Ref: Mattingly, H & Sydenham, E, A, 1927, 'The Roman Imperial Coinage Volume V; Part I, page 235 & plate VI, ref no 92.

WMID-009745: COIN
A incomplete struck/ hammered copper alloy radiate of a 3rd century emperor and minted at an unknown location (diameter: 18mm; thickness: 1.5mm; weight: 1.5g). The coin is in a worn and corroded condition.

WMID-0071D2: COIN
A complete struck/ hammered copper alloy sestertius of a late 2nd century emperor [possibly Commodus] (diameter: 27.5mm; thickness: 4mm; weight: 17.9g). The coin has been minted at an unknown location and, overall, the coin is in a worn and corroded condition.

WMID-0044F4: MEDALLION
A complete struck/ hammered copper alloy medallion of Queen Anne, probably dating to AD 1702 when she succeeded to the throne (diameter: 24.5mm; thickness: 1mm; weight: 4.4g). The artefact is in a worn and corroded condition.

WMID-0000C3: COIN WEIGHT
A complete cast copper alloy coin weight, dating to the Post Medieval period, between AD 1600 - 1800 (15mm x 14.5mm; thickness: 3mm; weight: 5.0g). The coin weight is a slightly uneven square in plan and flat in section. The artefact is irregularly stamped on both sides with four dots. The artefact is in a slightly worn but fair condition.

WMID-FFC260: COIN
A complete struck/ hammered copper alloy possible dupondius or sestertius, probably dating to the 1st/ 2nd century AD (diameter: 29mm; thickness: 2.5mm; weight: 10.6g). The coin is in a very worn and corroded condition.

WMID-FF3505: KNIFE
A complete cast copper alloy knife handle (or knife end-stop) depicting a human head, dating to the medieval to early post-medieval period, between AD 1450-1600 (length: 20mm; width: 10mm; thickness/ depth: 15.5mm; weight: 10.8g). The knife handle/ terminal is sub-rectangular in plan and mostly oval in section. At the top of the artefact, the head/ face appears to be wearing a slanting and protruding hat/ headdress, which has two worn protrusions at the back. The human face, although badly worn and corroded, is crudely depicted at the front of the artefact, particularly with small indentations for the eyes and mouth as well as a worn ridge representing the nose. Beneath the face, there is a collar comprising of one moulded ridge to the left and right, with the base of the copper alloy terminal immediately below. At the base of the artefact, the stumped remains of an iron blade are visible in a single line across its thickness/ dept (length of stumped iron blade: 3mm). Overall, the artefact is in a worn and corroded condition with none of the original patina remaining. Similar knife handles/ terminals are illustrated in Read, B, 2001, 'Metal Artefacts of Antiquity: A Catalogue of Small Finds from Specific Areas of the United Kingdom: Volume One', pages 82-3 & 88-9, figs 56-7.

WMID-FE42B5: BELL
A complete cast copper alloy spherical crotal bell, dating to the Post Medieval period, between AD 1600 – 1800 (length: 37mm; diameter: 29mm; weight: 35.8g). At the top of the crotal bell, there is a sub square-shaped suspension loop (length/ height: 8mm; width: 12.5mm; thickness: 4mm) with an inner circular hole through the centre (diameter: 4mm). There is an outer circumferencial ridge around the centre of the bell. In the decorated top half of the bell above this ridge, an oval petal/ ‘sunburst’ design radiates outwards and downwards from the suspension loop at the top with nine petals visible. There are also two complete and opposing circular sound holes (diameter: 5.5mm), with one in front and one behind the suspension loop. Below the ridge on the bottom half of the bell, the oval petal/ ‘sunburst’ design is also depicted and radiates outwards from the sound slot with six petals visible. The sub-rectangular sound slot, which terminates in two circular holes (length: 27.5mm; diameter of circular holes: 8.5mm). To one side of this slot in the centre of the bell, there is a female head depicted facing left. The iron ball or ‘pea’ is still visible inside the bell, which still enables the artefact to ring when handled. Overall, the crotal bell is in a worn but fair condition with a light green patina.

WMID-FDE8F1: BUCKLE
An incomplete cast copper alloy oval framed and single looped buckle with an ornate outside edge, dating from the 13th - 15th century, between AD 1250 - 1450 (length: 23mm; width: 32.5mm; thickness: 6mm; weight: 6.5g). The oval-framed buckle has round lobed protrusions on the outside edge and to either side of a central sheet roller, which is decorated with a series of five or six incised lines running around the circumference of the roller. The sides of the buckle frame are D-shaped in side section and curve outwards. The strap bar is offset and narrowed. The pin is missing is also completely missing and there is no other decoration on the buckle. Overall, the buckle is in a worn but fair condition (although there is some corrosion on the roller) with a dark green patina. A similar example is illustrated in Egan, G & Pritchard, F, 2002 edition, 'Medieval Finds from Excavations in London: 3: Dress Accessories c. 1150 - c. 1450', pages 76-7, fig 46, ref no 317. Another example of this type of buckle is also illustrated in Egan & Pritchard, pages 73-4, fig 44, ref no 301.

WMID-FD2AA6: COIN
A slightly incomplete struck/ hammered copper alloy nummus of the House of Constantine (diameter: 16.5mm; thickness: 1.5mm; weight:1.7g). The coin is in a worn and corroded condition.

WMID-A647D2: COIN
A complete (although clipped) gold quarter noble of Edward III, minted in London as part of the Treaty Series between AD 1363-9 (diameter: 17.5mm; thickness: 0.5mm; weight: 1.6g). Mintmark: lis in the centre of reverse. The coin is slightly worn but in a good condition. North, J, J, 1991, 'English Hammered Coinage Volume 2: Edward I to Charles II 1272 - 1662', page 56, ref no 1243(a) [probably].

WMID-A61E46: COIN
A slightly incomplete silver groat of Henry VIII, minted in London as part of the Second Coinage between AD 1526-9 (diameter: 25mm; thickness: 0.9mm; weight: 2.8g). Mintmark: rose. The coin is in a slightly worn but good condition. North, J, J, 1991, 'English Hammered Coinage Volume 2: Edward I to Charles II 1272 - 1662', page 111, ref no 1797.

WMID-D3CF43: UNIDENTIFIED OBJECT
A fragment of a cast copper alloy unidentified artefact, possibly dating to the Roman period, between AD 43-410 (length: 23.5mm; width: 13.5mm; thickness: 1.5mm; weight: 2.2g). The artefact has an incomplete flat-sectioned arm (length of arm: 23.5mm; width of arm: 4.5mm; thickness of arm: 2mm), which is broken at one end. At the arm’s opposing end, there is an integral flat-sectioned and sub-triangular platform/ feature that appears to have been purposefully bent at a 45° angle to the arm. There is a slightly raised ridge/ border along the outside edge of this platform (width of ridge: 3mm). There is no other decoration on this artefact, which is in a worn but fair condition with pitting on the surface of the light green patina.

WMID-D3A135: BRACELET
A fragment of a cast copper alloy probable bracelet, probably dating to the Roman period, between AD 43-410 (length: 44mm; width: 8mm; thickness: 2.5mm; weight: 3.9g). The probable bracelet fragment is rectangular in plan, 'C' shaped in profile and has a flat section. The edges of the artefact to the left and right of its width curve upwards slightly to provide the front/ upper surface of the probable bracelet with a slight 'U'-shaped appearance. The back/ lower surface of the artefact is flat. Overall, the undecorated fragment is in a worn but fair condition with specific copper alloy corrosion along the raised edges across the artefact's width.

WMID-CA8CF6: BROOCH
An incomplete cast copper alloy brooch with remains of gilding, dating to the Medieval period, between AD 1200 – 1300 (length: 20.5mm; diameter: 20.5mm; thickness at hooked terminal: 8mm; weight: 2.83g). The incomplete brooch is circular in plan (with one hooked terminal remaining) and is mostly rectangular in section. The artefact (which is broken across the centre with only half of the object remaining) comprises of an open circular centre (outer diameter: see above; inner diameter: 15.5mm; thickness: 3.5mm) with a protruding arm (length of arm: 8.5mm; thickness of arm: see above) extending out from the middle of the circular centre. The arm immediately starts to curve round to the probable front of the artefact to form a hooked terminal, which appears to be in the form of an animal’s head consisting of a worn rounded snout (all other probable features are worn and corroded). There are traces of gilding along the side of the protruding arm and where the arm meets the circular centre at the probable front of the brooch. There is no decoration on the artefact and, overall, it is in a worn and corroded condition with very little of the original patina remaining. An identical artefact has been recorded on the Portable Antiquities Scheme database (GLO-41E3A0) and was found by metal detecting in the parish of Eldersfield, Hereford and Worcester.

WMID-BB4A85: PIN
A slightly incomplete cast copper alloy probable pin, dating from the Roman - Post Medieval period, between AD 43 – 1800 (length: 136mm; thickness: 3mm; weight: 9.88g). The pin, which is slightly misshapen in a number of places, has a sub-angular section. At the end, the artefact becomes pinched or flattened and is incomplete at the tip. At the opposing end, the probable pin tapers to a flat-sectioned point. There is no decoration on the artefact and, overall, it is in a slightly worn but fair condition.

WMID-BB1DF8: WEIGHT
A complete cast lead conical weight, dating from the Roman – Post Medieval period, between AD 43 – 1800 (diameter: 21mm; thickness: 10.5mm; weight: 28.36g). The weight is conical in plan with a slightly uneven circular section (see diameter above). There is a slightly off-centre cylindrical drilled hole down the length of the artefact with a circular hole at either end (diameter of hole: 6.5mm). There is no decoration on the artefact and, overall, the weight is in a worn but fair condition.

WMID-BAE283: STEELYARD WEIGHT
A complete cast lead steelyard weight with iron attachments, probably dating to the Roman period, between AD 43 – 410 (length: 42.5mm; diameter: 21mm; weight: 58.19g). The weight is conical in shape with a circular section. At the top of the artefact where the conical tip is uneven rounded, there is an iron loop protruding outwards (length of loop: 15mm; width of loop: 8mm; thickness of loop: 3mm). At the opposing base end of the conical weight, there is another corroded iron protrusion (the iron appears to continue through the centre of the weight), which may be the remains of a hook, from which the item being weighed would have hung. Overall, the artefact is in a worn and poor condition.

WMID-52ACF6: TILE
15. One incomplete ceramic roof tile, dating from the Roman – Modern period, between AD 43 to the present day (192mm x 110mm; thickness: 55.5mm; weight: exceeds weight limit of scales [over 250g]). The rough and hard-fired fabric of this sherd is orange in colour with numerous small grit inclusions. There is a slightly raised and protruding ridge along the complete outer edge of the roof tile. Overall, the artefact is in a worn but fair condition.

WMID-52A3B1: VESSEL
One fragment/ sherd of a wheel-thrown ceramic Roman greyware vessel (which appears to have been broken from a jug), dating from AD 43 – 410 (length: 161mm; width: 145mm; thickness at base: 9.5mm; weight: 211.34g). The smooth and fairly hard-fired fabric of this sherd is light grey in colour with frequent small grit inclusions. Most of the flat base of the vessel is intact with the circular markings from the wheel-throwing process still visible. The outside of the vessel sherd is plainly decorated with five visible linear grooves at regular intervals. On the inside of the vessel, multiple ridges are visible, which also indicates part of the wheel-throwing process. Overall, the vessel fragment/ sherd is in a worn but fair condition.

WMID-529898: VESSEL
13. A complete wheel-thrown ceramic amphora handle, dating to the Roman period, between AD 43 – 410 (length: 175mm; diameter: 53mm; weight: exceeds weight limit of scales [more than 250g]). The amphora handle is C shaped in plan and sub-circular in section with flat splayed terminal ends where the artefact would have originally been attached to the side of the main body of the amphora. The handle’s fabric is light orange in colour with small frequent grit inclusions. There is no decoration on the artefact and it is in a worn but fair condition. According to the ‘potsherd’ website (written by Paul Tyers), amphoras were the transport containers of the Graeco-Roman world, and are usually large pottery vessels, with handles, for the storage and transportation of liquids, especially wine, olive oil and other foodstuffs. The study of the production, distribution and dating of amphoras (and indirectly the products they originally contained) is one of the most important sources for the analysis of the Roman economy. Amphoras are commonly found in shipwrecks of the Roman period, particularly in the western Mediterranean.

WMID-529092: VESSEL
12. One neck fragment/ sherd of a wheel-thrown ceramic probable Verulamiam Region White Ware vessel, dating to the Roman period, probably between AD 50 - 200 (length: 29mm; width/ diameter: 56.5mm; thickness: 7.5mm; weight: 24.17g). The undecorated, smooth and hard-fired fabric of this sherd is off-white in colour with small infrequent inclusions. The fragment/ sherd appears to have been broken from a small beaker or similar vessel. This fragment/ sherd has strong similarities with flagons, bowls and jars in a pale granular Verulamiam Region White Ware, which were produced in major workshops at Brockley Hill, Radlett, Little Munden and St. Albans. These wares were distributed in south-eastern England during the 1st and 2nd centuries AD.

WMID-519BA0: NAIL
One probably complete wrought iron nail, dating from the Roman – Post Medieval period, between AD 43 – 1800 (length: 47.5mm; width at head: 14.5; weight: 6.90g). The nail appears to have a square section and a protruding flat terminal at one end, while the artefact tapers to a point at the opposing end. The nail is in a very corroded condition.

WMID-5192D7: VESSEL
One body fragment/ sherd of Post Medieval glazed coarseware, dating from the 17th/ 18th century (67.5mm x 35mm; thickness: 7mm; weight: 17.62g). The smooth and hard-fired fabric of this sherd is light orange-brown in colour with small infrequent inclusions. There is a dark purple-brown glaze on the inside of the vessel only with a probable dark red slip beneath. The outside of the vessel sherd is plainly decorated with three linear grooves. Overall, this sherd is in a worn but fair condition.

One base fragment/ sherd and one rim fragment/ sherd of probable Severn Valley ware, dating to the Roman period, between AD 100 – 400 (average thickness: 5.5mm x 13.5mm; collective weight: 71.49g). The smooth and fairly hard-fired fabric of these sherds is light orange in colour with a light grey core in the base sherd. Additionally, there are small frequent grit inclusions within the fabric. The rim sherd is likely to have broken from a medium-sized bowl. Overall, the fragments/ sherds are in a worn but fair condition. Severn Valley ware has a hard, fine-textured fabric, typically brown or reddish-orange at the surface and sometimes with a grey core (particularly in the thicker parts). The fabric is slightly micaceous with little visible temper, but coarser ‘gritted’ (with sand, grog and clay pellets as well as a little iron ore) or vesicular (?burnt organic) variants known. Surfaces are usually burnished and mostly wheel-thrown. Severn Valley comes in a variety of forms including storage jars, bead-rim jars, wide mouthed jars, bowls, tankards, flanged bowls, dishes/ platters and lids. This ware flourishes in the 2nd and 3rd centuries AD, and continues into the 4th century. There area a number of kiln sites dating to the 2nd/ 3rd century at Alkington, Glos; Ledbury, Herefordshire; Wroxeter, Salop; Bransford, Worcs; Great Malvern, Worcs and Malvern Link, Worcs. Ref: Tyers, P, 1996, ‘Roman Pottery in Britain’, pages 197-99.

WMID-517D36: VESSEL
Two body fragments/ sherds and one base sherd of wheel-thrown ceramic Roman greyware vessels, dating between AD 43 – 410 (average thickness: 6.5mm; collective weight: 94.18g). The smooth and fairly hard-fired fabric of these sherds is generally light grey in colour (with some hints of orange) with small frequent grit inclusions. The sherds are undecorated. The base sherd also has a significant amount of its body remaining, indicating that the vessel may have originally been a small cup, beaker or bowl. Overall, the sherds are in a worn but fair condition.

WMID-5175A6: VESSEL
One body fragment/ sherd of a wheel-thrown ceramic Samian vessel, dating from the Roman period, probably between AD 43-200 (69mm x 43mm; thickness: 7mm; weight: 16.85g). The smooth and fairly hard-fired fabric of this sherd is light orange/ brown in colour and contains very infrequent small grit inclusions. The sherd is plainly decorated with a series of four incised lines running around the outside edge. Overall, the sherd is in a slightly worn but fair condition.

Three rim fragments/ sherds of wheel-thrown ceramic Mancetter-Hartshill mortaria, dating to the Roman period, between AD 100 – 400 (thickness ranging from 9mm – 11mm; collective weight: 97.20g). All three sherds have distinctive and individual rims with a smooth and fairly hard-fired off-white fabric as well as containing infrequent small grit inclusions. Two of the sherds have numerous red-brown or black angular grits on the inside of the vessel where the sherd slants downwards towards the main body of the bowl. These two sherds also have an outer rim that is at a slanted 90° angle to the main body of the vessel. Additionally, on one of these pieces, there is linear decoration on the angle rim consisting of a single linear groove at the top and bottom edges. The other rim sherd has a curved ‘C’ shaped rim and, more importantly, the remains of a stamp on the inside edge of the rim, which (although worn) appears to read ‘V R[ ]’ with each letter being encased with squares or linear ridges. This type of pottery stamp mark is similar to other stamp marks that appear on Mancetter-Hartshill mortaria. Dating from the 2nd-4th centuries AD, the wheel-thrown Mancetter – Hartshill mortaria has a fine-textured fabric, often very hard, with a creamy white fabric and perhaps a pink or grey core and occasionally a pale-brown wash. There are inclusions of fine quartz and occasional red-brown and white particles; gritted with either quartz and red – brown sandstone on earlier specimens, but on later examples there are abundant red-brown or black angular grits (including ironstone or slag). The earliest forms have a hooked flange, while the later examples have a smaller flange and higher bead. From c. AD 160, the new hammerhead style developed. The distribution for this mortaria is extensive in the Midlands and the North, and there are three main kiln sites at Hartshill, Mancetter and Nuneaton in Warwickshire. Ref: Tyers, P, 1996, ‘Roman Pottery in Britain’, pages 123-4.

Two rim fragments/ sherds of a wheel-thrown ceramic Roman greyware vessel, dating between AD 43-410 (thickness at rim: 15.5mm; thickness at body: 7.5mm; collective weight: 145.67g). Both rim sherds (that have probably been broken from a large bowl) have an acutely curved rim and neck that is ‘C’ shaped in appearance and seem to have originated from the same vessel and have a fairly smooth hard-fired light grey fabric, which contains frequent small grit and quartz inclusions. Overall, both sherds are in a worn but fair condition.

WMID-514DD1: NAIL
Two probably incomplete wrought iron probable nails, possibly dating to the Roman period, between AD 43 – 410 (varying length: 107mm – 150mm; average diameter: 13.5mm; collective weight: 109.24g). The longer of the two nails appears to have a circular section, while the shorter appears to be have a square section. Both nails taper inwards towards a pointed tip. Overall, the probable nails are in a very corroded condition.

WMID-513DD1: VESSEL
3. One base fragment/ sherd of a wheel-thrown ceramic Samian vessel (probably an open bowl or dish), dating from the Roman period, probably between AD 43-200 (100.5mm x 60.5mm; thickness at footring: 23mm; weight: 57.67g). The smooth and fairly hard-fired fabric of this sherd is light orange/ brown in colour with a slightly blackened or burnt surface. The fabric also contains very infrequent small grit inclusions. Only a small fragment of the circular foot ring survives on the bottom of the sherd. There is no decoration on this artefact and, overall, the sherd is in a worn but fair condition.

WMID-512C41: VESSEL
2. One body fragment/ sherd of a wheel-thrown ceramic Samian vessel, dating from the Roman period, between AD 43-150 (63.5mm x 65.5mm; thickness: 8mm; weight: 37.19g). The smooth and fairly hard-fired fabric of this sherd is light orange/ brown in colour with infrequent small grit inclusions and is coated on both sides with a dark orange/red gloss glaze. The outside of the vessel sherd is highly decorated with a moulded ‘ovolo’ (also known as ‘egg-and-dart’ or ‘egg-and-tongue’ frieze decoration) design, which is most commonly used as the upper border of design on Samian pottery, indicating that this sherd could be from the top part of the body of a open dish or bowl or a similar type of tableware. The moulded decoration below this ‘ovolo’ decoration is separated into zones by beaded lines, with a female figure (whose hair appears to be placed in a bun behind her head) facing left and holding a wreath in one of these areas. This form of decoration is similar to an example illustrated in Webster, P, 2005, ‘Roman Samian Pottery in Britain’, pages 80-1, fig 57, form 37, from Southern Gaul, where the use of human figures on the Samian is a common feature. The sherd/ fragment is in a worn but fair condition, with most of the glaze and decoration intact.

WMID-262202: PALSTAVE
An incomplete cast bronze palstave axehead with possible stumped remains of a side loop, dating to the Middle Bronze Age between 1500 - 1150 BC (length: 157mm; width at blade tip: 65.5mm; thickness at flange side: 34.5mm; weight: exceeds the weight limit of 250g). The palstave axehead is sub-rectangular in plan and lozenge-shaped in section at the flanges. The septum end (length: 61mm; width: 28.5mm) of the axehead is incomplete with an incomplete butt due to corrosion and a irregular break at the terminal. The septum also has incomplete and corroded flange facets that protrude upwards by approximately 10mm (measured where the flanges are mostly complete) along the outside edge to the left and right and to either side of the artefact. The protruding stop (width of the artefact at the stop: 26mm; thickness: 29.5mm; height of stop to either side: 12mm) is positioned nearly halfway down the palstave. Below the stop on the blade end of the artefact, there is a slightly dished shield-shaped recess (length of recess: 28.5mm; width: 23.5mm) with raised outer borders on both sides of the axehead, as well as a central protruding ridge running down the centre and beyond this feature (length of central ridge: 54.5mm). These markings can be described as a ‘trident patterned rib’. The blade splays outwards towards the curved blade tip (see width above), although none of the original cutting edge remains due to several breaks and areas of bronze disease. The triangular sectioned blade tapers from a thickness of 28.5mm at the stop to 7mm immediately before the blade tip. Additionally, there is a single and central casting ridge (as a result of the manufacturing process) down the length of either side of the artefact. Overall, the palstave axehead is in a worn and corroded condition with substantial areas of the original dark brown patina remaining on both sides. There are small areas of bronze disease, which are particularly visible at the butt, side flanges and blade edge of the artefact. Similar examples with a trident patterned rib are illustrated in Watson, P, J, 1993, 'Catalogue of British and European Prehistoric Metalwork in Birmingham City Museums', pages 8 & 13, ref no 46 & 125, which were found in the Wolverhampton area and Co. Antirm, Ballymoney respectively. Other similar side looped examples with trident patterns are also illustrated in Savory, H, N, 1980, ‘Guide Catalogue of the Bronze Age Collections’, pages170-1, ref nos 167 & 176, found at Llysworney, Glamorgan and Tyncochtery, Montgomeryshire respectively. Savory also details a hoard from Mynydd Tal-y-glannau, Cemmaes, Montgomeryshire, which contains a number of ‘trident patterned’ axes (page 46). Lastly, a similar example with a ‘trident pattern’ is illustrated in Pearce, S, M, 1983, ‘The Bronze Age Metalwork of South Western Britain Part II’, pages 469 & 610, ref no 372b, found at Eglesham Meadow, Colliton Walk, Dorchester.

WMID-E54568: COIN
A complete struck/ hammered silver republican denarius of CN.BLASIO CN.F, minted in Rome between 112-111 BC (diameter: 19.5mm; thickness: 2.5mm; weight: 3.55g). The coin is in a slightly worn and fair condition. Ref: Crawford, M, H, 1974, 'Roman Republican Coinage Volumes I & II', page 309 & plate XL, ref no 296/1a.

WMID-956A81: VESSEL
A complete probably handmade ceramic beaker, probably dating from the Post Medieval period, between AD 1600 – 1800 (length: 50mm; diameter at base: 40.5mm; weight: 43.72g). The beaker is sub-cylindrical in shape with slanting walls that slope inwards to a smaller diameter of 29.5mm at the top of the vessel. There is also a handle protruding from the outside edge at the top of the artefact, which is square in plan and irregularly sub-triangular in side section. Additionally, there is a pierced circular hole (diameter of hole: 7.5mm) in the centre of the handle that may have been used for suspension, possibly from a belt or hanging from a wall. The inside of the vessel is covered/ sealed with a light brown glaze, some of which appears around the outside rim of the vessel and a small amount down the outside edge where the glaze would have probably run during the firing process. The coarse hard-fired fabric of the vessel is light orange/ beige in colour and appears to have numerous small grit inclusions. Overall, the beaker is in a slightly worn but good condition.

Two ceramic possible handmade vessel sherds, probably dating from the Roman – Medieval period, between AD 43 – 1500 (varying thickness: 11.5mm – 26.5mm; collective weight: 125.0g).These sherds (the largest piece may be a tile fragment) has a hard-fired and roughly textured fabric with a pitted surface. The fabric is light brown/ grey in colour and contains numerous large and small quartz/ grit inclusions. These sherds could be waste products and, overall, they are in a worn and poor condition.

A collection of thirty body, seven rim and five base ceramic and wheel-thrown vessel sherds, dating from the Roman – Medieval period, between AD 43 – 1500 (varying thickness: 4mm – 16.5mm; collective weight: 426.5g).Most of these unglazed sherds have a hard-fired and roughly textured fabric, which ranges in colour from off-white, light orange/ red and light grey. There are numerous small quartz and grit inclusions within most of the fabrics. Overall, the sherds are in a worn but fair condition.

Eleven ceramic wheel-thrown glazed vessel body sherds, dating to the Medieval perod, between AD 1200 – 1500 (varying thickness: 4.5 – 12mm; collective weight: 85.0g).Most of these vessel sherds have a hard-fired and roughly textured fabric, which is either light orange or light grey in colour. All of these sherds have a small amount of glaze remaining on one side of them, which is light/ dark green or light/ dark brown in colour. Most of the sherds also have numerous small quartz and grit inclusions in their fabric. Overall, the sherds are in a worn and poor condition.

WMID-01EB88: VESSEL
Three wheel-thrown ceramic probable Midlands Purple sherds (two body sherds and one rim sherd), probably dating between the late 14th/ 15th century, between AD 1350 – 1500 (varying thickness from 4.5 – 10.5mm; collective weight: 37.3g).The fabric of these sherds consists of an iron-rich clay containing common fine quartz grains, occasional larger quartz grains and rare to moderate subrounded iron ore fragments. The fabric is a partially oxidised/ reduced very hard fired earthenware or even a stoneware, varying in colour from dark orange/ red to dark grey or bluey grey. Additionally, the rim sherd is decorated with two deep linear incisions with one incision appearing below the other.In the publication listed below, D. Ford has detailed the following information:This fabric is very hard fired and continues in manufacture until the 18th century AD. The fabric consists of an iron-rich clay containing common fine quartz grains, occasional larger quartz grains and rare to moderate subrounded iron ore fragments. The fabric is a partially oxidised/ reduced very hard fired earthenware or even a stoneware, varying in colour from mottled salmony pink to dark grey or bluey grey. This ware is wheelthrown.Midlands Purple ware comes in a variety of forms, including pitchers, jugs, barrel-shaped storage jars, bowls as the main forms, as well as smaller jugs, bottles, cisterns, urinals, dripping pans, chafing dishes, skillets, pipkins, kiln furniture and crucible and mortar fragments. Where present, the glaze is usually patchy and sporadic and appears green on the oxidised fabric and vitrified purple on the reduced. Strap handles are generally joined to the body of the pot with heavy thumbing. Decoration is uncommon.It is generally accepted that the earliest appearance of Midlands Purple ware is in the late 14th – 15th centuries. At Oakeswell Hall in Wednesbury, it is thought that wasters of Midlands Purple indicated a kiln very close by. Midlands Purple ware is commonly found throughout parts of the Midlands and Staffordshire. Distinctive products of the Wednesbury industry have been found in south and mid Staffordshire and north Warwickshire.Ref: Ford, D, A, 1995, ‘Medieval Pottery in Staffordshire, AD 800 – 1600: A Review’, pages 35-6.

WMID-01B806: VESSEL
Three ceramic wheel-thrown base sherds of coarse earthenware vessels, dating to the 17th/ 18th century AD (thickness ranging from 10mm – 18.5mm; collective weight: 196.1g).These hard fired earthenwares have a colour ranging from salmony pink to orange red with small frequent inclusions in the fill as well as glaze remaining on the inside of the sherds (although some glaze also appears on the outside of the sherds as a probable result of the firing process). The glaze is light-dark brown in colour with a streaking and mottled affect in areas. Additionally, there is a dark red slip below the glaze, as well as appearing on the outside of the sherds. The two largest sherds are probably fragments off milk pans or pancheons. Overall, the sherds are in a worn but fair condition.Coarse earthenwares originated in the 15th/ 16th century and were recognised as a distinct ware in the 17th century, with production continuing into the 19th century. Later production forms jars (rounded or cylindrical), bowls and large bowls or pancheons/ milk pans. Production centres are numerously known in Staffordshire & the West Midlands. Most of these sherds may come from pancheons.

WMID-018273: TILE
One handmade ceramic floor tile fragment, dating to the Medieval period, between AD 1200 – 1500 (63.5mm x 38.5mm; thickness: 29mm; weight: 68.4g).This floor tile fragment has an orange/red coloured, hard-fired and roughly textured fabric with the remains of an off-white or shell coloured glaze. Additionally, there are numerous quartz and grit inclusions in the fabric. Overall, the fragment is in a worn but fair condition.

WMID-011777: TILE
Two handmade ceramic tile fragments, dating from the Roman – Post Medieval period, between AD 43 – 1900 (varying thickness: 14.5mm – 34.5mm; collective weight: 173.5g).Both of these fragments are probably floor tiles. One fragment is thinner than the other fragment and has a hard-fired and roughly textured fabric, which has a light salmon pink/ beige fragment at the outside edges with a partially light grey inner fabric. The thicker tile fragment also has a hard-fired and roughly textured fabric, which is orange/red at the outside edges with a dark grey inner fill. Additionally, on one side of this thicker tile fragment, there is an area of off-white possible plaster. Both fragments are in a worn but fair condition.

WMID-EB4823: KEY (LOCKING)
An incomplete cast copper alloy key, dating to the 14th/ 15th century, between AD 1300 - 1500 (length: 79mm; diameter at head: 31mm; thickness at bit: 9.5mm; weight: 37.10g). At the top of the key, there is an incomplete bow that is circular in plan and flat in section (length of bow: 22mm; diameter: see above; thickness: 4mm), which has single protruding knobs to the left and right. At the bottom of this bow, there is moulded collar (length: 10.5mm; diameter: 10mm), which has an additional collar/ border to the top and bottom. The circular and hollow shank of the key then extends from this collar (length: 47.5mm; diameter: 9.5mm) to a slightly incomplete tip at the end. The slightly incomplete bit (length: 18mm; width: 16mm; thickness: 9mm) is comprised of one protruding bar which has a T-shaped notch at the bottom near the shank with a protruding platform along the outside edge where four broken probable teeth are visible. Overall, the key is in a worn but fair condition with a dark brown patina. Similar keys are illustrated in Ward Perkins, J, B, 1940, 'London Museum Medieval Catalogue, pages 133-144; plates XXIX-XXXI.

WMID-EA6B01: JETTON
A slightly incomplete struck/ hammered copper alloy jetton, minted in South-Eastern France (Vienne or Paris) by the Dauphiné Charles (later to be Charles V), between (circa) AD 1349-68 (diameter: 24.5mm; thickness: 1mm; weight: 4.06g). The jetton is in a worn but fair condition. Additionally, there is a small pierced hole (diameter of hole: 2mm) in the jetton where it may have been re-used as a pendant. Ref: Mitchiner, M, 1988, 'Jetons, Medalets & Tokens: The Medieval Period and Nuremburg: Volume One', page 183, ref no 486.

WMID-992E91: THIMBLE
A slightly incomplete sheet copper alloy domed or 'beehive' thimble, dating to the Medieval period, between c. 1350 - 1500 (length: 17mm; diameter at base: 17mm; thickness of metal: 1mm; weight: 3.0g). There is a slightly corroded, irregular and undecorated border running around the complete circumference at the base of the thimble (length of border: 2.5mm), above which are nine rows of irregularly punched circular indentations circling around the slanted circumference on to the slightly conical tip at the top of the artefact. There is no decoration on the inside of the thimble. Overall, the thimble is in a worn and corroded condition with none of the original patina remaining. Similar examples are illustrated in E. F. Holmes' 'Sewing Thimbles', Finds Research Group 700-1700 Datasheet 9. It is suggested by Holmes that domed shaped thimbles are found in Britain in contexts from about AD 1350, which is later than on the Continent where thimbles are known to have been made during the 13th century. It is possible that leather guards were used in preference to metal ones before this date.

WMID-960AA2: KEYHOLE FITTING
A complete cast copper alloy probable casket keyhole fitting/ plate with remains of iron at the back, dating to the Post Medieval period, between AD 1600 - 1800 (length: 34.5mm; width: 23.5mm; thickness: 4.5mm; weight: 7.6g). The casket keyhole plate is sub-cruciform shaped in plan and flat in section. At the top of the plate and to the left and right, there are short protruding arms. The top arm has a rounded terminal, while the arms to left and right have rectangular terminals. Immediately below these arms, the plate then curves inwards before expanding outwards again to form a triangular-shaped terminal at the bottom with protruding knobs at the three corners. There is a single incised linear border running 2mm from the outside edge around the surface of the plate. Additionally, in the centre of the length of the plate, there is a keyhole (length: 13.5mm; width: 4.5mm). The back of the plate is completely covered with an additional flat plate of corroded iron, which protrudes outwards beyond the edge of the copper alloy plate. There are two incomplete integral cast copper alloy lugs, which may have originally had pointed terminals. These lugs protrude outwards to the left and right of the keyhole and only their tips are visible above the iron corrosion. Overall, the artefact is in a worn but fair condition with a dark green patina.

WMID-95ADD6: UNIDENTIFIED OBJECT
A fragment of a cast copper alloy unidentified artefact, probably dating to the Early Medieval/ Medieval period, between AD 800 - 1500 (length: 28.5mm; width: 12mm; thickness: 9mm; weight: 12.9g). The artefact, which could be a fragment of a purse bar or knife handle, is sub-rectangular in plan and sub-oval in section. At approximately halfway down the length of the object, there is what appears to be an open animal's mouth encompassing the slightly incomplete and corroded terminal that protrudes outwards to one end. Additionally, there are five surviving small and incised linear markings lengthwise down a section of this protruding terminal, although none of this decoration survives elsewhere on the artefact. Overall, the object is in a very worn and corroded condition with both ends incomplete and very small traces of dark green patina remaining.

WMID-95A014: UNIDENTIFIED OBJECT
A fragment of a cast copper alloy unidentified artefact, probably dating to the Roman/ Early Medieval period, between AD 43 – 1066 (11.5mm x 13.5mm; thickness: 8.5mm; weight: 3.1g). The artefact is ‘L’ or ‘T’ shaped in plan with a mostly sub-square section. Two of the faces of this object are decorated with incised scrollwork and linear decoration. The artefact is broken on all sides making it difficult to identify. Overall, the object is in a worn and corroded condition with a small amount of the original dark green patina remaining.

WMID-8418E6: COIN
A copper-alloy Roman radiate of Gallienus (AD 253-268), sole reign, dating to the period AD 260-268 (Reece period 13). MARTI PACIFERO reverse type depicting Mars standing left holding branch and vertical spear, shield resting on ground in left hand. Mint of Rome. As Cunetio, p. 115, no. 1149.

WMID-5960A5: COIN
An incomplete struck/ hammered copper alloy radiate of a 3rd century emperor, dating between AD 200 - 300 (diameter: 13.5mm; thickness: 1.5mm; weight: 0.9g). The coin is in a worn and poor condition.

WMID-591BA7: COIN
A complete struck/ hammered denarius [probably] of Julia Mamaea, minted between AD c. 221 - 235 (diameter: 19.5mm; thickness: 1.8mm; weight: 2.1g). The coin is in a worn and poor condition. Ref: Mattingly, H & Sydenham, E, A, 1936, 'Roman Imperial Colinage Volume IV: Pertinax to Uranius Antoninus', page 98, ref nos 335-6.

WMID-589C55: VESSEL
A fragment of a glass vessel, dating from the Roman – Modern period, between AD 43 – 2000 (53.5mm x 28mm; thickness: 3.5mm; weight: 11.58g). This transparent glass sherd is dark green in colour with a slightly pitted surface. This in no decoration on the artefact, which is in a worn but fair condition.

One ceramic wheel-thrown base and body sherd, possibly dating to the Post Medieval period, between AD 1600 – 1850 (27mm x 35mm; thickness: 3mm; weight: 4.20g). This vessel sherd has a hard, brittle but smooth textured fabric, which is mostly off-white in colour. There are frequent small grit inclusions within the fabric, which are most notable on the inside of the vessel sherd. Overall, the sherd is in a slightly worn but fair condition.

WMID-583FA5: VESSEL
Two ceramic wheel-thrown probable Black Burnished ware body sherds, dating to the Roman period, between AD 43 – 400 (average thickness: 6mm; collective weight: 23.89g). These body sherds have a hard and rough textured fabric with a light brown/ grey fill as a probable black burnished outside edge. There are numerous small grit and quartz inclusions within the fill. Overall, the sherds are in a worn but fair condition.

WMID-F1A471: VESSEL
A collection of eleven ceramic wheel-thrown vessel sherds of probable Roman date, between 1st - 4th century AD (collective weight: 83.6g). There are three rim sherds and eight body sherds, which all have a hard but finely textured fabric and have a variety of different coloured fabrics.

WMID-F175A8: VESSEL
Two ceramic wheel-thrown probable neck sherds and one body sherd of Medieval glazed pottery, dating from the 12th - 14th century AD (25mm x 27mm; thickness: 6.5mm; weight: 9.2g). These sherds have a hard but finely textured fabric with an orange-grey or off-white fill and patchy yellow/ green glaze on the outside face. Additionally, there are abundant small grit and quartz inclusions within the fabrics. The sherds are in a worn but fair condition.

WMID-F15443: VESSEL
Two ceramic wheel-thrown Roman rim sherds, dating from the 1st – 4th century AD (average thickness: 12mm; collective weight: 34.4g). These off-white/ light brown rim sherds have a hard but finely textured fabric with frequent grit and quartz inclusions and appear to have been broken off a small jar or similar vessel. The sherds are in a worn but fair condition.

WMID-F131D4: VESSEL
One ceramic wheel-thrown possible Mancetter-Hartshill mortaria rim and body sherd, dating to the Roman period, between the 2nd – 4th century AD (78mm x 35.5mm; thickness at juncton with rim: 10mm; weight: 49.3g). This hard but finely textured fabric has an off-white colour with occasional red-brown grits on the inside of the vessel. The rim is decorated with six parallel grooves and ridges that would have run around the circumference of the rim when complete. The rim is at a 90º angle to the body of the sherd and is very similar to the ‘Hammerhead’ style/ form. The vessel sherd is in a worn but fair condition. In his 1996 publication ‘Roman Pottery in Britain’, pages 123-4, Tyers states that the earliest forms of Mancetter-Hartshill mortaria resemble contemporary products of the Verulamium-region (St. Albans) industry, when some potters migrated from there from c. AD 100. This mortaria fabric was produced at Hartshill, Mancetter and Nuneaton in Warwickshire alongside painted wares, grey wares and other cooking vessels. The distribution of this mortaria was extensive int eh Midlands and the north between the mid-2nd century and the early-4th century AD.

WMID-F0E7D5: VESSEL
One ceramic wheel-thrown rim and neck sherd, dating to the Roman period, between the 1st – 4th century AD (73mm x 46mm; thickness: 14mm; weight: 30.8g). This grey ware rim and neck sherd, which may have originally broken from a wide jar or bowl, has a hard but fine-textured fabric with a slightly red colouration, particularly in the inner fill. There are abundant but small grit and quartz inclusions within the fabric. The sherd is decorated with ridge and groove decoration, including a prominent protruding ridge 4.5mm below the rim of the fragment. The sherd is in a slightly worn but fair condition.

WMID-F0D7F2: VESSEL
One ceramic wheel-thrown body sherd, dating to the Roman period, between the 1st – 4th century AD (58mm x 36mm; thickness: 12.5mm; weight: 19.9g). This body sherd, which may have originally broken from a wide jar, has a hard and roughly textured fabric with a dark grey fabric and core. The texture is quite brittle and has similarities with the gritty fabric of Derbyshire ware, which has been found in abundance in the same area. There are frequent small grit and quartz inclusions within the fabric as well at darker grey patches in areas. The sherd is decorated with a single frilled linear decoration on the outside of the vessel. The sherd is in a slightly worn but fair condition.

WMID-F0C6E3: VESSEL
One ceramic wheel-thrown body sherd, dating to the Roman period, between the 1st – 4th century AD (45mm x 53mm; thickness: 6.5mm; weight: 17.3g). This light grey ware body sherd has a hard and finely textured fabric with infrequent small grit and quartz inclusions. The sherd is decorated with rows of small crude and irregular linear markings, with eight rows of this decoration visible on this small sherd. The rows are also irregularly spaced. The sherd is in a worn but fair condition.

WMID-F0B071: VESSEL
One ceramic wheel-thrown possible Nene Valley colour-coated body sherd, dating to the Roman period, between the 2nd – 4th century AD (25mm x 23mm; thickness: 3mm; weight: 1.7g). This hard but finely textured fragment has an off-white/ pink fabric with the remains of a light brown slip on the outside and is decorated with linear scrollwork decoration. This sherd was probably part of a vessel that would have been used as tableware only. The fragment is in a worn and poor condition.

WMID-EFF1D5: TILE
Two fragments of ceramic tile, dating from the Roman - Modern period, between AD 43 - 2000 (average thickness: 15mm; collective weight: 84.1g). The fabric of the fragments is orange-brown to red-brown in colour with abundant and large grit and quartz inclusions, which are particularly visible on the rough base of the tile. The lighter orange-brown fragment is also blackened along one edge, presumably as a result of burning. The tile fragments are in a slightly worn but good condition.

WMID-30F5E4: STIRRUP
A slightly incomplete cast copper alloy stirrup terminal, dating to the Early Medieval period, between AD 1000 - 1100 (length: 38mm; width: 11mm; thickness: 12.5mm; weight: 11.4g). The stirrup terminal is sub-rectangular in plan and mostly D-shaped in section, although part of the back is flat. The terminal tapers outwards slightly from the incomplete top of the artefact (where it is broken at the top and to the side) to become wider at the bottom (width at top: 8mm; width at bottom: see above). At 8mm below the broken top of the artefact, an animal's head is represented with distinctive rounded and arched ears (length: 6.5mm) with prominent and protruding brows beneath as well as long sub-oval pointed eyes to each side. Beneath this protrusion, there are what appear to be two slanted and moulded tendrils or grooves, which meet each other in a 'V' formation in the centre of the artefact. This moulded decoration appears to coincide with the bottom of the terminal being set at an approximate 50º angle/ slant. At the flat bottom of the artefact, there are two protruding knops, which may represent nostrils. At the back of the terminal, most of the artefact appears in the form of an open D-shaped cavity where the iron stirrup would have originally fitted. The hollow cavity ends when the bottom of the artefact slants forwards as discussed above. There is no decoration at the back of the artefact and there is no evidence of iron or iron corrosion in the form of part of the stirrup or even any rivets. Overall, the stirrup terminal is in a worn but fair condition with a dark brown patina. A similar example is illustrated in Williams, D, 1997, 'Finds Research Group 700 - 1700 Datasheet 24: Stirrup Terminals', page 2, fig 2a, which is described amongst of selection of similar artefacts as 'a group of distinctive but varying snub-nosed terminals, with prominent bulging brows, eyes and ears, lobed-ended tendrils, and smetimes flaring nostrils'. He also describes this type of stirrup terminal as being open-backed with a supporting ledge.

WMID-2F35E4: WEIGHT
A complete cast lead weight, dating from the Roman – Post Medieval period, between 43 AD – 1800 AD (length: 29.5mm; diameter: 19mm; weight: 47.4g). This weight is cylindrical in plan and circular in section with a central circular drilled hole (diameter of hole: 9mm), which continues throughout the length of the artefact. The outside of the weight is decorated with very worn multiple linear markings (approximately 10-15 markings in total), which circle around the artefact. The weight’s largest diameter in the centre as the artefact tapers inwards at either end. Overall, the weight is in a worn and poor condition with little of the original patina remaining.

WMID-2EF836: DRESS HOOK
An incomplete cast copper alloy dress hook/ clothes fastener, dating to the Post Medieval period, between AD 1600 - 1700 (length: 30mm; width: 13mm; thickness: 1.5mm; weight: 1.4g). At the top of the artefact, there is a rectangular suspension/ attachment loop. This is integrally connected to the main body of the artefact, which is sub-circular in plan and flat in side section. Although badly corroded, the central body has a decorative beaded outer border (thickness: 1.5mm). The inner decoration within the border consists of four visible sub-oval recesses (approximate diameter of recesses: 2mm), with a further possible two recesses hidden underneath a layer of copper alloy corrosion. These recesses circle around a central area, although it is impossible to identify further decoration due to the level of wear on the artefact. The incomplete and integral cast copper alloy hook (length: 11mm; width: 2mm; thickness: 1mm) is broken before it would have originally curled round to the back of the artefact. The back of the dress hook is flat and undecorated. Overall, the dress hook is in a worn, poor and corroded condition with none of the original patina remaining. In the publication 'Norwich Households: Medieval and Post-Medieval Finds from the Norwich Survey Excavations 1971-78', 1993 (page 17), Margeson states that the dress hook or hooked tag 'seems to have undergone a revival in the 16th century, when cast, highly decorated and often openwork examples were popular. They, like their Saxon equivalents, were clearly used for a variety of purposes associated with clothes fastening and accessories'. From material excavated in Amsterdam, some of these tags were 'used at each end of a decorative chain, perhaps for fastening a cloak. The sharp hooks were probably used with cords or hooked straight into the material, rather than with "eyes". The examples from Amsterdam come from late 16th/ early 17th-century contexts' (page 17).

WMID-2EBFF5: THIMBLE
A complete cast lead leather worker's palm guard, probably dating from the 17th-20th century AD (length: 88mm; width: 57mm; thickness: 6.5mm; weight: exceeds weight limit of scales). This palm guard is sub-oval in plan and irregularly flat in section. There are two fairly deep circular depressions (diameter: 16.5mm; possible depth of depressions: 3mm) on one side of the artefact. The object appears to have been cast in a fresh water mussel or oyster, similar to other examples known. The underside of the guard is flat without any indentations. Leather workers' palm guards are discussed in an article in Gordon Bailey's 'Detector Finds 2', 1993, pages 64-5. Originally identified by W. Wyman of London, most of the examples are made of lead, although some have the addition of tin, which was used to produce a harder metal. The final product, when made, was enclosed in a thin leather pouch or wrapped in cloth which would have a hole going through it to match a depression in the lead. The whole lot was then strapped to the hand and would give protection when forcing needles through touch material. Dating of these artefacts is very difficult, although the earliest examples seem to date from the 17th century AD, although they may have been in use right through to the 20th century (Bailey, 1993, page 64). A similar palm guard has been recorded by the Portable Antiquities Scheme (WMID-B40425) and was found at Alderminster, Warwickshire.

WMID-2E9923: SPINDLE WHORL
A slightly incomplete cast lead alloy spindle whorl, dating to the 15th/ 16th century AD (diameter: 25mm; thickness: 13.5mm; weight: 24.5g). This spindle whorl is circular in plan and bi-conical in section with a central circular drilled hole (diameter of hole: 10mm) for the probable wooden spindle to run through. The artefact is also decorated on both sides. On one side, there are multiple criss-crossed linear markings. On the opposing side, there are four sets of three irregularly placed pellets with each set divided by a single raised line. The artefact is in a worn, poor and slightly corroded condition with several small breaks around the outside edge.

WMID-2E5FE1: PALSTAVE
An incomplete cast bronze palstave axehead, dating to the Middle Bronze Age between 1500 - 1150 BC (length: 123mm; width at blade tip: 41.5mm; thickness at flange side: 19mm; weight: 137g). The palstave axehead is sub-rectangular in plan and lozenge-shaped in section. The septum end (length: 47mm; width: 21.5mm; thickness: 9.5mm) of the axehead is incomplete (the butt is completely missing) with a V-shaped break which is visible from the planned view of the artefact. The septum also has flange facets that protrude upwards by approximately 5mm along the outside edge to the left and right and to either side of the artefact. The protruding stop (width of the artefact at the stop: 21.5mm; thickness: see above), which when complete, would have been positioned halfway down the palstave, is more prominent on one side in comparison to the other (height of the stop on the prominent side: 14mm). Below the stop on the blade end of the artefact, there is a slight dished and small shield-shaped recess particularly visible on one side of the axehead. The blade splays outwards towards the curved blade tip (see width above) with none of the original cutting edge remaining. The triangular sectioned blade tapers from a thickness of 19mm at the stop to 4.5mm immediately before the blade tip. There is no evidence of a side loop on the artefact. Overall, the palstave axehead is in a worn and corroded condition with none of the original patina remaining. There are also small areas of bronze disease, which are particularly visible at the side flanges and stop on one side of the artefact only. A similar example is illusrated in Watson, P, J, 1993, 'Catalogue of British and European Prehistoric Metalwork in Birmingham City Museums', page 7, ref no 37, which was found in Kings Heath, Birmingham.

WMID-2D9253: COIN
A complete struck/ hammered silver Venetian soldino of Leonardo Loredano, minted in Venice between AD 1501-21 (diameter: 12.5mm; thickness: 0.2mm; weight: 0.3g). The coin is in a slightly worn but good condition. Friedberg, R, 1958, 'Gold Coins of the World: Complete from 600 AD to 1958', page 260, ref nos 28/29.

WMID-DB9695: COIN
A complete struck/ hammered silver sixpence of William III, minted in AD 1696 (diameter: 21mm; thickness: 0.5mm; weight: 2.4g). The coin is in a worn but fair condition and has been bent to form an 'S' shape in side section and was probably used as a love token. Ref: Spink, 2006, 'Coins of England & the United Kingdom; 41st edition; Standard Catalogue of British Coins', pages 343-5.

WMID-DB6557: COIN
A complete struck/ hammered silver Commonwealth period halfgroat, minted between AD 1649-1660 (diameter: 15mm; thickness: 0.5mm; weight: 0.8g). The coin is in a slightly worn and in a fair condition. Ref: North, J, J, 1991, ‘English Hammered Coinage Volume 2: Edward I to Charles II 1272-1662’, page 206, ref no 2728.

WMID-C667E5: DAGGER
A complete cast copper alloy dagger guard, dating to the Medieval period, between AD 1200 – 1400 (length: 88mm; width: 25mm; thickness at terminals: 10.5mm; weight: 29.57g). The centre of the guard is oval in plan and flat in section (length: 42mm; width: see above; thickness: 2.5mm) with a rectangular tang hole in the centre (length of hole: 12mm; width of hole: 5.5mm) and a partially collar, which is visible as a small triangular protrusion to the left and right at either end. The two arms of ‘quillons’ (length: 22.5mm; width at terminals: 10.5mm; thickness at terminals: see above) to either side of the oval centre are complete with a sub-rectangular section before they taper outwards from a narrow neck to expand a slightly pointed globular terminal (length of terminal: 8.5mm). These globular terminals curve slightly with one facing upwards and the other at the opposing end facing downwards. There is no other decoration on the artefact and, overall, the dagger guard is in a slightly worn but fair condition with a dark brown patina. An identical artefact is illustrated in Read, B, 2001, ‘Metal Artefacts of Antiquity: A Catalogue of Small Finds from Specific Areas of the United Kingdom Volume One’, pages 76 & 86, fig 54, ref no627, which was found in South Devon. Read describes this artefact as a dagger guard from a quillon-dagger, dating from the 13th – 15th century. Further illustrations of quillon-daggers are shown in Ward Perkins, J, B, 1940, 'London Museum Medieval Catalogue', pages 39-42, plates VI-VII. Ward Perkins states that these artefacts are military daggers with the earliest examples surviving from the 13th century. Additionally, it is mentioned that there are 'frequent representations in the Maciejowski Bible, c. 1250, passim, depicting a short, sword-shaped weapon, with quillons drooping slightly toward the point, and a lobed or circular pommel'. This type of military dagger was common until the end of the fourteenth century when they were ousted in popularity by the rondel dagger. However, Ward Perkins is keen to note that they by no means went out of use at this time and representations of them occur at all periods.

WMID-B34EA1: COIN
A fragment of a struck/ hammered silver 'Second Hand coinage' penny of Aethelred II, minted in London by either Beorhtlaf, Beorhtsige or Beornwulf between AD c. 985 - 991 (14mm x 12mm; thickness: 0.5mm; weight: 0.53g). The coin fragment is in a slightly worn and good condition. Ref: North, J, J, 'English Hammered Coinage Volume 1: Early Anglo-Saxon to Henry III c 600 - 1272', page 158, fig 3 & ref no 768. Ref: Jonsson, K (ed), 1990, 'Studies in Late Anglo-Saxon Coinage'.

WMID-8ACA83: STRAP END
A complete cast copper alloy probable strap end, dating to the Early Medieval period, between AD 900 - 1100 (length: 36mm; width: 18mm; thickness: 5mm; weight: 7.6g). The probable strap end is sub-triangular in plan and mostly flat in section. At the top of the probable strap end, there are two curved recesses along the outside edge, which form protruding knobbed terminals to the left and right. The artefact is decorated with an openwork design consisting of two larger shield-shaped holes (length: 4.5mm; width: 4mm) immediately below the widest end of the artefact. Below these two largest holes, there are two smaller circular holes (diameter of circular holes: 3mm) below each other to the left and right and lastly, a single circular hole at the bottom where the probable strap end tapers inwards to form a protruding knob (length of knob: 5.5mm; width of knob: 3mm; thickness of knob: see thickness above). This openwork decoration is visible on both sides of the artefact. As the probable strap end tapers inwards towards the protruding knob, the artefact becomes thicker (see thickness above). It is possible that this probable strap end may have been fastened on to a leather belt or fabric cord by rivets attached within the two larger holes at the top of the artefact, although no evidence for rivets survives. Compare with NMS-4F96E7, for example, on this database

WMID-8A7E35: SPINDLE WHORL
A slightly incomplete cast lead probable spindle whorl, probably dating to the Medieval/ Post Medieval period, between AD 1400 – 1700 (outer diameter: 32.5mm; inner diameter of central hole: 11mm; thickness: 4.5mm; weight: 17.8g). The probable spindle whorl is circular in plan and flat in section with a central drilled hole. The front of the artefact is decorated with partly visible crude markings, including a central slightly raised single line running around the circumference, as well as small irregularly placed slightly raised linear markings across the width of the artefact and to either side of the single line running around the front of the artefact. Some of these smaller markings are straight while others are slanted, particularly around the outside edge. The back of the probable spindle whorl is flat and undecorated. Additionally, there are two small breaks that are visible on the front and back of the artefact. Overall, the probable spindle whorl is in a worn but fair condition.

WMID-8A10C7: TOKEN
A complete cast lead alloy token, probably dating from the 15th - 17th century AD, between AD c. 1425 – 1700 (diameter: 26mm; thickness: 2mm; weight: 5.8g). The token is circular in plan and flat in side section. The front of the artefact is decorated four sets of multiple and slightly raised ‘<’ marks pointing inwards to the centre of the token, where a single central pellet is visible. There are approximately three or four ‘<’ markings in each set and are fairly evenly set with an approximate gap of 1mm between each of them. The back of the artefact is flat and undecorated. Overall, the token is in a slightly worn but fair condition. Similar examples are illustrated in Mitchiner, M & Skinner, A, 1984, 'English Tokens c. 1425 to 1672' in The British Numismatic Journal Volume 54, page 88 & plate 1, ref nos 1-2, which are dated by the authors to the Late Plantagenet period and were produced in London.

WMID-89E791: BUCKLE
A complete cast copper alloy double loop oval buckle, dating from the 14th-16th century, between AD 1350 – 1600 (length: 34.5mm; width: 24mm; thickness at pin: 6mm; weight: 3.7g). The buckle is double oval looped in plan and is D-shaped in section. The buckle does not appear to be decorated and the cast copper alloy pin is still intact, which loops round the central strap bar and extends fully to the outer buckle frame. One side of the outer buckle frame is narrower than the other side, possibly suggesting continued use ( or just corrosion?). The back of the buckle is flat and undecorated. Overall, the buckle is in a worn and corroded condition with none of the original patina remaining. Similar examples are illustrated in Egan, G & Pritchard, F, 2002 edition, ‘Medieval Finds from Excavations in London: 3: Dress Accessories c. 1150 – c. 1450’, pages 82-3, ref nos 332, 333, 337 & 339.

WMID-89A7C4: HARNESS MOUNT
An incomplete cast copper alloy harness pendant suspension plate with enamel remains, dating to the Medieval period, between AD 1200 - 1400 (length: 25mm; width: 15mm; thickness: 7mm; weight: 5.2g). The suspension plate is lozengiform in shape with a flat side-section in most places. At the top of the artefact, the front of the plate (length: 17.5mm; width: as above; thickness: as above) is decorated with crude recessed areas (which still have some white enamel remaining inside these areas), possibly representing a dog, lion or monkey facing left with raised tail behind. Below the decorated front of the artefact, the integral cast copper alloy double suspension/ attachment loop is still mostly intact (length: 8mm; width: 7mm; thickness/ outer diameter of loop: 6mm; diameter of hole within loop: 2.5mm), although one loop is broken. The pin that would have originally existed between these loops to attach the plate to the pendant is now missing. The back of the suspension plate is flat and undecorated with a central long and cuboid cast copper alloy rivet protruding outwards at a slight slant near the top of the artefact, which would have originally held the plate to the horse’s leather reins/ bridle (length: 3mm;width/ thickness: 4 mm). Overall, the suspension plate is in a worn and corroded condition with none of the original patina remaining. Ward Perkins states Ward Perkins states in the ‘London Museum Medieval Catalogue’ [1940] on p. 118 that pendants ‘were attached to the harness in several ways. Usually they swing from a fitting which was attached direct to the leather straps. This may consist of a horizontal bar with a downward projection for the attachment of the pendant….Pendants were also worn from the strap across the horse’s forehead.’

WMID-895C97: HOOKED TAG
An incomplete cast copper alloy hooked tag, dating to the Early Medieval period during the 9th/ 10th century AD (length: 24mm; width: 16mm; thickness: 0.8mm; weight: 1.9g). The hooked tag is sub-triangular in plan and flat in section. The top of the artefact is shaped into three curved lobes , with the smaller central lobe in the centre of the hooked tag. There appear to be irregular small incised markings along the outside edge of these lobes with an approximate length of 2.5mm. There are two rivet holes to the left and right of the top of the artefact (diameter of rivet holes: 2mm), although both probable copper alloy rivets are now missing. The front of the hooked tag is decorated with ridged and incised markings representing a beast’s head in the Trewhiddle art style. Firstly, there is an incised central line running down the length of the artefact with a slightly raised linear border to either side. The eyes of the beast are depicted as two ‘()’ raised borders as well as a sub-oval shaped eye within each border. Additionally, there are slightly raised curved features to the left and right near the bottom of the decorated front of the artefact. The hook that would have originally extended outwards from the decorated face is now completely missing. The back of the artefact is undecorated and, overall, the hooked tag is in a slightly worn but fair condition with a dark green patina. Similar examples are illustrated in MacGregor, A & Bolick, E, 1993, ‘A Summary Catalogue of the Anglo-Saxon Collections (Non-Ferrous Metals)’ in the Ashmolean Museum, Oxford, page 190, ref nos 32.1-32.5. MacGregor & Bolick state that these artefacts ‘performed a range of functions in fastening clothing, headgear, or indeed bags and purses. A funerary role as shroud-hooks is also possible for some examples’. A strap end with similar decoration is also illustrated in Hinton, D, A, 1974, 'Catalogue of the Anglo-Saxon Ornamental Metalwork 700 - 1100 in the Department of Antiquities, Ashmolean Museum', pages 12-13 & plate V, ref no 5, which was probably found in the Burford area, Oxfordshire and is dated to the 9th century AD.

WMID-8904C4: BROOCH
An incomplete cast copper alloy Roman enamelled disc brooch with peripheral lugs and remains of silvering, dating to the 2nd century AD (diameter: 23.5mm; thickness at catch plate: 4.5; weight: 2.7g). This plate brooch is circular in plan and flat in side section, with the remains of two protruding flat peripheral lugs around the outside edge. There are, however, stumped remains of several other lugs with a standard length of 4.5mm between each one. There may have been approximately eight to nine lugs around the outside edge of the brooch when complete. The front of the artefact is also decorated with three concentric raised circular platforms (outer diameter of outside platform: 20mm; outer diameter of middle platform: 16mm; outer diameter of inside platform: 10mm). The outside and inner platforms have an average width of 2mm, while the middle circular platform is narrower with a width of 1mm. These raised platforms also have the patchy remains of silvering on them. Additionally, there are only small traces of enamel surviving: the remains of a dark red enamel between the outer and middle circle, as well as a possible orange enamel between the middle and inner platform within the recessed areas. The inner circular recessed area has a diameter of 7mm. On the back of the brooch, the integral cast copper alloy central lug partly remains between one of the decorative knobs as seen from the front (length of central lug: 5mm; width: 1,5mm; thickness: 2mm), although no evidence of the pin survives. There are also the incomplete remains of an integral cast copper catch-plate , which is flat in plan and triangular in side section. Overall, the brooch is in a worn but fair condition with a dark green patina. Similar examples are illustrated in Hattatt, R, 1985, 'Iron Age and Roman Brooches', pages 143-5, fig 61, ref nos 527 (found in Britain) and 531 (found in Suffolk).

WMID-887EC2: SPEARHEAD
A fragment of a cast copper alloy socketed spearhead, dating from the Late Bronze Age between c. 1150 - c. 800 BC (length: 38mm; width: 14.5mm; thickness: 8mm; weight: 9.7g). The sub-triangular tip of the socketed spearhead is all that remains of this spearhead, which is lozenge-shaped in section. There is the corroded and worn remains of a central midrib running down the artefact's length to either side, as well as slightly incomplete bevelled or ridged blade edges to the left and right on both sides. The hollow open socket is still visible although the artefact is now completely full of earth. The spearhead terminates in a pointed and corroded tip. Overall, the spearhead is in a worn and corroded condition, although some areas of dark green patina remain.

WMID-1F7202: SPINDLE WHORL
A complete cast lead spindle whorl, dating to the 15th/ 16th century AD (diameter: 28.5mm; thickness: 8.5mm; weight: 33.8g). This bi-conical spindle whorl has a central circular drilled hole (diameter of hole: 10mm) for the probable wooden spindle to run through. The artefact is also decorated on both sides. On one side, there are multiple criss-crossed linear markings. On the opposing side, there are approximately five irregular tree or branch like patterns, with five pellets alternating between the branches around the inner edge of the central drilled hole. There are three visible pellets in between the branches and along the outside edge of the artefact. Additionally, there is also a slightly raised ridge/ border running around the circumference of the spindle whorl on either side. The artefact is in a worn but fair condition.

WMID-9E8C22: COIN
A slightly incomplete struck/ hammered silver halfgroat [Group D;Fourth Bust] of Charles I, minted in the Tower of London between AD 1641-3 (diameter: 16.5mm; thickness: 0.5mm; weight: 0.8g). Mintmark: triangle-in-circle. Ref: North, J, J, 1991, 'English Hammered Coinage Volume 2: Edward I to Charles II 1271 - 1662', page 162, ref no 2258.

WMID-9E4B57: COIN
A complete (although slightly clipped) struck/ hammered silver penny of Edward I, minted in Bury St. Edmunds between AD c. 1289 - 1291 (diameter: 16mm; thickness: 0.5mm; weight: 0.8g). This coin is a Class 5b, as classified by North (1991). Ref: North, J, J, 1991, 'English Hammered Coinage Volume 2: Edward I to Charles II 1272 - 1662', page 29, ref no 1029.

WMID-74B081: BROOCH
An incomplete cast copper alloy Roman Colchester Derivative brooch, probably dating to the 1st/ 2nd century AD (length: 27mm; width at wings: 18.5mm; thickness/ depth: 7.5mm; weight: 3.3g). The brooch is T-shaped in plan and mostly flat in side section (particularly down the bow). The top of brooch’s head is flat with semi-cylindrical caps to either side at the end of the short wings, which protrude slightly outwards from the front of the artefact. The bow is flat and tapers inwards immediately beneath the wings to a width of 4.5mm. The front of the bow is decorated with a raised line of three lozenge platforms (average length: 8mm; width: 5mm), which occur one below the other down the bow’s length. The top of the lozenge at the head of the brooch is slightly missing and all three become gradually smaller and narrower as the bow tapers inward. Only half of the bow appears to be present as it probably breaks, leaving a stubbed fork-like appearance at the end, which is circular in side section as opposed to the rest of the bow, which is flat. At the back of the brooch, the cavity behind the head and wings is empty with two slightly indented lines running down the bow’s length. Overall, the artifact is in a worn and poor condition with s dark green patina. The brooch also appears to have been coated in a substance, making it difficult to identify specific detail at the broken end. Additionally, there may be a possibility that this brooch is unfinished as there is no indication at the wing terminals of an axis bar or holes for the bar. According to Sally Worrell (PAS Finds Advisor: Prehistoric & Roman Artefacts), a similar example was found at Gastard, Wiltshire. Ms Worrell also states that there are concentrations of similar brooches in the Seven Valley area, as well as examples from Nor-Nour (pers. comm.)

WMID-62EF32: WEIGHT
A complete cast lead cylindrical weight, dating from the Roman – Post Medieval period, between AD 43 – 1800 (length: 22mm; diameter in middle: 18mm; weight: 35.38g). The weight is cylindrical (see diameter above) with a slightly uneven central cylindrical drilled hole down the length of the artefact with a circular hole at either end (diameter of hole: 4.5mm). There is no decoration on the artefact and, overall, the weight is in a worn but fair condition.

WMID-62D403: WEIGHT
A complete cast lead bi-conical weight, dating from the Roman – Post Medieval period, between AD 43 – 1800 (length: 21.5mm; diameter in middle: 20mm; weight: 35.23g). The weight is bi-conical in plan with a slightly uneven circular centre (see diameter above). There is a central cylindrical drilled hole down the length of the artefact with a circular hole at either end (diameter of hole: 5.5mm). There is no decoration on the artefact and, overall, the weight is in a worn but fair condition.

WMID-626203: WEIGHT
A complete cast lead circular and flat weight, dating from the Roman – Post Medieval period, between AD 43 – 1800 (diameter: 33.5mm; thickness: 11mm; weight:78.63g). The weight is circular in plan and unevenly flat in section with a drilled central hole (diameter of hole: 9mm). There is no decoration on the artefact although there is a large curved and incised line running halfway between the outside edge and the central hole. Overall, the weight is in a worn but fair condition.

WMID-6242E4: WEIGHT
A complete cast lead hemispherical standing weight, dating from the Roman – Post Medieval period, between AD 43 – 1800 (length: 37.5mm; diameter at base: 43mm; weight: exceeds weight limit of scales). At the base of the weight, there is a circular recess with a central protruding circular platform. Additionally, there is a cut recess to the side of the weight. There is no decoration on the artefact and, overall, the artefact is in a worn but fair condition. Standing weights are very difficult to date to a particular period as lead weights such as this example were still used in comparatively recent times (Biggs & Withers, 2000, page 30), with some being used in the 19th century AD. A similar example is illustrated in Biggs, N & Withers, P, 2000, ‘Lead Weights: The David Rogers Collection’, page 32, ref no 76.

WMID-609FD5: COIN
A complete struck/ hammered silver [Class B Cos III] denarius of Hadrian, minted in Rome between late AD 125 - early AD 128 (diameter: 18.5mm; thickness: 2.5mm; weight: 2.63g). The coin is in a slightly worn but good condition. Ref: Mattingly, H & Sydenham, E, A, 1926, 'The Roman Imperial Coinage Vol II: Vespasian to Hadrian', page 360, ref no 169; plate XIII, ref no 245.

WMID-602F15: COIN
A slightly incomplete struck/ hammered copper alloy sestertius of Nerva, minted at an unknown location between AD 96 - 98 (diameter: 32.5mm; thickness: 4mm; weight: 19.94g). The coin is in a worn and corroded condition. Ref: Mattingly, H & Sydenham, E, A, 1926, 'The Roman Imperial Coinage Vol II: Vespasian to Hadrian', pages 223-231.

WMID-213915: WEIGHT
A complete cast lead cylindrical weight, dating from the Roman – Post Medieval period, between AD 43 – 1800 (length: 36mm; outer diameter: 26mm; diameter of hole: 10.5mm; weight: 109.1g). This weight is cylindrical in plan with curved sides. There is an uneven and sub-circular hole running down the central length of the artefact (see diameter above) with a hole at either end. There are several scratches on the weight’s surface, including one deep scratch down the side and two scratches either side of one of the holes. Overall, the weight is in a worn but fair condition with a light grey patina.

WMID-20D302: SPUR
A fragment of a cast copper alloy spur, dating to the Post Medieval period, between AD 1600 – 1700 (length: 60.5mm; width: 12mm; thickness: 3mm; weight: 9.7g). The spur arm fragment is broken at one end (near to where the neck of the spur would have originally been) where it is slightly curved to one side with a D-shaped section. The arm then tapers inwards widthwise from 12mm to 5mm down a length of 51mm where there is a single collar running across the artefact’s width (length of collar: 3mm; width of collar: 11mm; thickness of collar: 3mm). There is also a single incised groove running across the width of the collar as a form of decoration. To the other side of the collar, there is a broken protrusion that is triangular in plan and flat in section. This feature would have originally terminated with attachment loops (usually two loops), where the spur would have been attached to other fittings around an individual’s boot. There is no other decoration on the artefact. Overall, the spur fragment is in a slightly worn but fair condition with a dark green patina. Other spurs are illustrated in Bailey, G, 1992, ‘Detector Finds’, pages 92-5.

WMID-2042C4: FINGER RING
A complete sheet copper alloy finger ring, probably dating to the Medieval period, between AD 1100 – 1500 (outer diameter of hoop: 19.5mm; inner diameter of hoop: 18mm; width of hoop: 3mm; thickness of metal: 1mm; weight: 1.0g). The ring is slightly misshapen and circular in plan with a flat section. There does not appear to be any decoration on the inside or outside of the hoop. Much of the ring’s surface is pitted but, overall, the artefact is a worn but fair condition with a dark green patina.

WMID-201116: BRACELET
A fragment of a cast copper alloy bracelet or bangle, dating to the Roman period, between AD 43 - 400 (length: 38mm; width at terminal: 9.5mm; thickness: 1.5mm; weight: 2.7g). The curved bracelet/ bangle fragment has a uniform width of 5mm for most of its body with a splayed and flat-ended terminal (see width for terminal above), as well as being flat in section. There is no decoration on either side of the artefact and it has a slightly broken outside edge and pitted surface. Additionally, there is an accelerated area of copper alloy corrosion and slightly kink across the width of the bracelet/ bangle. The straight break at one end of the artefact appears to have happened in antiquity. However, the artefact is in a worn but fair condition with a dark green patina.

WMID-1FCE20: BROOCH
A slightly incomplete cast copper alloy Roman brooch of Colchester derivative Polden Hill (Mackreth Group 5, flat wing ends, Lower Severn Valley), Mackreth 2011, 5.a4. Plate 50, dating to the 1st/ 2nd century, between AD 80- 120 (length: 42.5mm; width at wings: 22mm; thickness/ depth: 15mm; weight: 12.6g). Bayley and Butcher (see bibliography below) have classified this type of brooch as a type 'a', which they describe as brooches with a 'long tapering bow, decoration usually confined to a crest and flanges on the upper part; the crossbar often rubbed and beaded; sometimes a triangular opening in the catchplate; occasionally a footknob' (page 89]. At the top of the brooch, the external overhead cast copper alloy chord runs through a pierced hole/ lug, which is formed as part of a linear protruding and decorative ridge that runs down the central length of the head and bow for approximately 17.5mm. The wings (to either side of the head) are decorated with two sets of two parallel incised lines down the length of each wing (one set appear near the head; the other set at the end of the wings). The wind terminals have slightly protruding caps at either end, which hold the cast copper alloy axis bar and spring in place between them. To either side of the brooch's head, there is a single raised and protruding crescent-shaped appendage that also encompasses and curves round a large section of the wings. The caps at either end of the wings and the appendages are common characteristics/ features of Polden Hill brooches. Apart from the ridge partly down the centre of the bow, there is no other decoration on the bow, which itself is bent and curved to the left at a 90˚ angle more than half way down the brooch's length and is D-shaped in section until the catchplate, where it becomes flat in section. Additionally, the bow tapers inwards from the top of the brooch to the bottom and terminates at a point without a footknob. At the back of the brooch, the cast copper alloy spring is mostly intact below and between the overhead chord. The spring has nine complete turns and is wound around the axis bar. The cast copper alloy circular-sectioned pin is also mostly intact (length: 37mm), although is stops short of the catchplate towards the bottom of the brooch. The integral cast copper alloy catchplate is, as mentioned previously, bent to one side with its outside edge curved to one side to enable the pin to securely slot into place when the brooch was worn on an item of clothing. Additionally, the catchplate has a central triangular cut out as part of the decoration. Overall, the brooch is in a worn but fair condition with extensive blue copper alloy corrosion down the front of the bow as well as the artefact having a patchy dark green patina. Similar examples are illustrated in Bayley, J & Butcher, S, 2004, 'Roman Brooches in Britain: A Technological and Typological Study based on the Richborough Collection', page 90, ref nos 209-10.

WMID-1E6B43: BUCKLE
An incomplete cast copper alloy oval buckle frame, dating to the Medieval period, between AD 1200 – 1400 (length: 14.5mm; width: 18mm; thickness: 1.5mm; weight: 1.0g). The buckle is oval in plan with a D-shaped section. There is no decoration along the outside edge although the buckle’s bar slightly protrudes out to the sides as well as being offset and narrowed. There is a single incised notch for the pin (now missing) in the centre along the outside edge and a small amount of iron corrosion along the buckle’s bar. The back of the buckle frame is flat. Overall, the artefact is in a worn and corroded condition with none of the original patina remaining. A similar example is illustrated in Egan, G & Pritchard, F, 2002 edition, ‘Medieval Finds from Excavations in London: 3: Dress Accessories c. 1150 – c. 1450’, pages 68 & 70, ref no 274.

WMID-1E0445: WHISTLE
A complete cast lead alloy possible dog’s head hawking whistle terminal, dating to the Medieval period, probably between AD 1200 – 1500 (length: 29.5mm; width: 21mm; thickness: 14mm; weight: 25.0g). The dog’s head terminal is sub-triangular in plan with a hollow circular socket at one end (outer diameter: 14mm; inner diameter: 11.5mm), which continues and tapers downwards inside the artefact’s length. To either side of the socket mouth (left and right), the dog’s sub-triangular ears are depicted flat against the side of the artefact and point downwards. The top of the dog’s head is flat with prominent and protruding ridged eyebrows and slightly incised small eyes. The animal’s nose protrudes outwards from the eyes (length: 10.5mm; width: 8.5mm; thickness: 10.5mm) with a sub-oval flat terminal at the end of the nose. There are no other features or decoration on this artefact and, overall, the terminal is in a worn but fair condition with a light grey patina.

WMID-F8A084: BROOCH
An incomplete cast copper alloy brooch of Colchester derivative Polden Hill (Mackreth Group 4, flat wing ends), Mackreth 2011, 4.e. Plate 47. but with headloop also, dating to the 1st/ 2nd century, between AD 80-150 (length: 54mm; width at wings: 19mm; thickness/ depth: 17.5mm; weight: 12.1g). At the top of the brooch, there is a worn suspension/ attachment loop (outer diameter of loop: 6.5mm; inner diameter: 3mm; thickness: 2mm), which is circular in plan and flat in square in side section. The loop is particularly worn at the top and to the right, although this is mainly due to corrosion and not worn from extensive usage. The collar (length: 2mm; width: 3.5mm; thickness: 3mm) between the loop and the head of the brooch is short and square-sectioned with a single step running across its width. The wings at either side of the brooch's head are short and semi-cylindrical (length at either side of head: 6mm; diameter: 6.5mm) with slightly incomplete protruding semi-circular caps (diameter: 7mm; thickness: 2mm) at both of the wing's terminals (similar to Polden Hill brooches) to hold the axis bar and spring in place. The bow is sub-rectangular in plan and mostly D-shaped in section with two parallel incised lines running its length and protruding less than half way down the bow immediately before a slightly protruding knob/ hump. As the two lines continues down the bow, they taper inwards towards each other to form a point where they then terminate. The majority of the bow, however, is undecorated and tapers from a width of 7mm at the top of the brooch to a width of 3.5mm at the bottom immediately above the foot. The footknob is circular in plan with a flat base and a single protruding ridge above, which runs across the width of the bottom of the bow. At the back of the brooch, the majority of the cast copper alloy spring mechanism remains with five complete turns, which is itself wound around the cast copper alloy axis bar, which is clearly visible in the recess behind the wings as well as to either end of the wing caps (diameter of axis bar: 2mm). The cast copper alloy pin is mostly completely, but breaks immediately above the short integral cast copper alloy catchplate (length of catchplate: 23.5mm; width: 9mm; thickness at curve: 4mm), which still remains intact at the bottom of the brooch. The catchplate, which is sub-triangular in plan and mostly flat in section, has a curved outside edge, where the pin would have originally rested when complete and attached to an item of clothing. Overall, the brooch is in a slightly worn but good condition with a dark brown patina. A similar headstud-related brooch is illustrated in Bayley, J & Butcher, S, 2004, 'Roman Brooches in Britain: A Technological and Typological Study based on the Richborough Collection', pages 97-8, ref no 234.

WMID-F75BB5: BROOCH
An incomplete cast copper alloy Roman brooch of Colchester derivative Polden Hill (Mackreth Group 5, Western Group, flat wing ends), Mackreth 2011, 5.b1. Plate 50, dating to the late 1st/ early 2nd century, between AD 80 - 120 (length: 76mm; width at wings: 38.5mm; thickness/ depth: 28mm; weight: 41.3g). This Polden Hill brooch can be classified as a Group 'b': 'Heavier brooches, usually large; the upper bow humped forward over the crossbar; the effect often increased by a slight lateral extension showing as disc-shaped flanges beside it. The tapering lower bow is usually plain but the upper half can have a range of cut or moulded decoration, sometimes enamelled. A few have footknobs, some have cutouts in the catchplate', as discussed by Bayley & Butcher (2004; page 91) (see bibliographical details below). The wings to either side of the head are long and cylindrical in section (length to either side: 13mm; diameter: 8.5mm). Both of the wings have enlarged semi-circular caps/ discs at either terminal (only viewed from the front). The upper bow or head is humped over the wings with small and slightly raised crescent-shaped appendages to either side of the head, which also partly encase around the wings. The caps on the wings' terminals and the appendages are both common characteristics of Polden Hill brooches. The bow has a sub-oval shaped side section, which tapers in width from 10.5mm at the top of the bow to 2mm at the bottom where the brooch terminates in a point. The top of the bow is decorated with a raised ridge or band (length of ridge: 43.5mm; height at ridge at top of bow: 1.5mm; width of ridge at top of bow: 4.5mm; width of ridge at bottom: 1.5mm), which tapers to a narrow point half way down the bow. There is no other decoration on the front of the brooch. At the back of the brooch, the semi-cylindrical cast copper alloy casing is complete with the remains of an iron axis bar protruding outwards slightly from the flat end of the wings. The brooch also has remains of an iron hinge mechanism, which appears centrally behind the head of the artefact. The pin is now completely missing, but from the substantial amount of iron corrosion remaining, it may be suggested that the pin was also originally made of iron. A significant amount of iron corrosion continues down the back of the brooch towards the large complete cast copper alloy catchplate (length of catchplate: 47mm; width: 18mm; thickness: 1mm) at the opposing end. The catchplate curves to one side in order to enclose the pin when the brooch is being attached to a garment. Additionally, there are two angular sub-'L' shaped cut outs from the catchplate, with one above the other and separated by a 'Z' shaped bar. Overall, the brooch is in a slightly worn but fair condition with a dark green/black patina. Similar examples of Polden Hill brooches are illustrated in Bayley, J & Butcher, S, 2004, 'Roman Brooches in Britain: A Technological and Typological Study based on the Richborough Collection', pages 91-2, fig 72, ref nos 211-5. A similar cut out from the catchplate is also illustrated in the same publication, part as a Dolphin brooch, on page 90, ref no 206.

WMID-A62256: VESSEL
Two incomplete wheel-thrown ceramic Midlands White Ware glazed jug handle sherds, dating to the 13th/ 14th century, between AD 1200 – 1400 (length ranging from: 67 - 98mm; width ranging from: 34 – 38.5mm; thickness ranging from: 23.5 – 27.5mm; collective weight: 147.7g). Both sherds have a hard fired and coarse fabric, which is pale orange/ salmon-pink in colour with uneven and patchy areas where the vessels have been reduced to a pale light grey colour on the outside of the sherd, as well as the core. The sherds’ fabric has a numerous quantity of subangular to subrounded quartz grains with some iron ore fragments. There also appears to be rare linear burnt out inclusions, which may be the remains of organic material within the fabric. The larger is decorated with four remaining incised linear markings at the wider terminal end where the handle would have been joined to the main body of the vessel. The smaller handle is also decorated with two deep incised or punched sub-rectangular holes (one below the other) down the centre of the artefact. Lastly, due to wear and tear throughout time, only very small traces of a light green glaze survive on both pieces. Overall, both jug handles are in a worn but fair condition. In the publication listed below, D. Ford has detailed the following information: This ware is also called light-bodied sandy ware or buff/ white sandy ware. The fabric contains moderate to common subangular to subrounded quartz grains, rare to occasional subangular iron ore fragments as well as occasional burnt out inclusions, which may be organic material. There are fine and coarse groups within this ware, which is usually hard fired to a fairly even exterior of off white/ cream to pale orange salmon/ pink. Vessels can have a reduced pale to dark grey core. Poorly fired or overfired unglazed examples may be confused with iron-rich sandy ware. Vessels are usually wheelthrown and well finished, while some vessels may be hand built and wheelfinished. This ware has a range of forms: • Cooking pots and jars: usually undecorated and unglazed. Profiles are well formed, either barrel shaped or globular, with a small range of simple everted rim forms, some of which have a lid seat. • Jugs and jars, small drinking jugs and bottles: appear in a range of forms including squat, rounded and baluster shapes, generally with strap handles. The jugs are often decorated and glazed. Decoration of cooking pots, jars and jugs, where present, includes red paint and green glaze applied in untidy stripes, or an almost complete coating of green glaze over a plain or decorated body. The glaze colour can be anything from a yellowish green to a copper green. Overfired examples have purplish or dark brown glaze and brown paint stripes. Strap handles often have short, deep stabbed designs, which are as much an aid to even firing a s a decorative technique. • Dishes, small to large bowls and pancheons: these generally have straight flaring walls, flat bases and simple everted rims which are flat-topped and lipped. Some examples have combed, incised or thumb decoration. • Pipkins, dripping pans, skillets and other vessels also appear in this ware. A general date for this ware in from the late 12th – 14th century AD. A large production area for Midlands White Ware has been discovered at Chilvers Coton, nr Nuneaton in Warwickshire, as well as other kilns sites in the Sneyd Green area (Stoke-on-Trent). This ware appears throughout Staffordshire as well as other Midlands counties. Ref: Ford, D, A, 1995, ‘Medieval Pottery in Staffordshire, AD 800 – 1600: A Review’, pages 33-5.

WMID-A5BD57: VESSEL
One incomplete wheel-thrown ceramic Midlands White Ware glazed jug handle sherd, dating to the 13th/ 14th century, between AD 1200 – 1400 (length: 89mm; width: 42mm; thickness: 35mm; weight: 117.5g). This sherd has a hard fired and coarse fabric, which is pale orange/ salmon-pink in colour with uneven and patchy areas where the vessels have been reduced to a pale light grey colour on the outside of the sherd, as well as the core. The sherd’s fabric has a numerous quantity of subangular to subrounded quartz grains with some iron ore fragments. There also appears to be rare linear burnt out inclusions, which may be the remains of organic material within the fabric. Additionally, the handle is decorated with six incised linear markings at the wider terminal end where the handle would have been joined to the main body of the vessel. There are also two deep incised or punched holes (one below the other) down the centre of the artefact. Lastly, due to wear and tear throughout time, the light green glaze only survives in the recesses of the linear markings at the top of the sherd. Overall, the jug handle is in a worn but fair condition. In the publication listed below, D. Ford has detailed the following information: This ware is also called light-bodied sandy ware or buff/ white sandy ware. The fabric contains moderate to common subangular to subrounded quartz grains, rare to occasional subangular iron ore fragments as well as occasional burnt out inclusions, which may be organic material. There are fine and coarse groups within this ware, which is usually hard fired to a fairly even exterior of off white/ cream to pale orange salmon/ pink. Vessels can have a reduced pale to dark grey core. Poorly fired or overfired unglazed examples may be confused with iron-rich sandy ware. Vessels are usually wheelthrown and well finished, while some vessels may be hand built and wheelfinished. This ware has a range of forms: • Cooking pots and jars: usually undecorated and unglazed. Profiles are well formed, either barrel shaped or globular, with a small range of simple everted rim forms, some of which have a lid seat. • Jugs and jars, small drinking jugs and bottles: appear in a range of forms including squat, rounded and baluster shapes, generally with strap handles. The jugs are often decorated and glazed. Decoration of cooking pots, jars and jugs, where present, includes red paint and green glaze applied in untidy stripes, or an almost complete coating of green glaze over a plain or decorated body. The glaze colour can be anything from a yellowish green to a copper green. Overfired examples have purplish or dark brown glaze and brown paint stripes. Strap handles often have short, deep stabbed designs, which are as much an aid to even firing a s a decorative technique. • Dishes, small to large bowls and pancheons: these generally have straight flaring walls, flat bases and simple everted rims which are flat-topped and lipped. Some examples have combed, incised or thumb decoration. • Pipkins, dripping pans, skillets and other vessels also appear in this ware. A general date for this ware in from the late 12th – 14th century AD. A large production area for Midlands White Ware has been discovered at Chilvers Coton, nr Nuneaton in Warwickshire, as well as other kilns sites in the Sneyd Green area (Stoke-on-Trent). This ware appears throughout Staffordshire as well as other Midlands counties. Ref: Ford, D, A, 1995, ‘Medieval Pottery in Staffordshire, AD 800 – 1600: A Review’, pages 33-5.

WMID-6640F5: SOCKETED AXEHEAD
A complete cast copper alloy socketed axehead (of probable 'Trehou' type), dating to the Late Bronze Age, between c. 1150 – c. 800 BC (length: 114mm; width at side loop: 35.5mm; thickness at socket mouth: 28mm; weight: 197.33g). The long and narrow axehead is sub-rectangular in plan, with a triangular side section and a square socketed mouth. Most of the original blade edge has corroded away, but the blade still has a distinctive curved blade that has tapered to a thin edge. The axehead tapers outwards from the blade to form the triangular section. At approximately 79.5mm from the blade edge and 11.5mm from the scoketed mouth, there is a rounded/ arched cast copper alloy side loop (length: 21.5mm; width: 5.5mm; inner length of the loop: 10.5mm) integral to the main body of the axehead. Additionally, the axehead is decorated by two parallel recessed ridges (approximate length: 3mm) immediately below the socketed mouth. The first ridge commences 5mm below the mouth of the socket and there is a gap of 5mm again between the first and second ridge. The second ridge is interrupted by the top terminal of the side loop. The square socketed mouth is complete although worn along the edges. Importantly, there is a substantial amount of wood surviving inside the socket (length of remaining wood: 48.5mm; diameter: 15mm; weight: 1.81g), which is now in a completely dry state and is strained green, presumably from being inside the copper alloy axehead for a long period of time. Overall, the axehead, although worn, corroded, pitted and with very little of the original light brown patina remaining, is in a fair condition, particularly due to a large amount of wood surviving inside the socket. A number of similar examples (with identical decoration around the socket) are illustrated in Watson, P, J, 1993, 'Catalogue of British and European Prehistoric Metalwork in Birmingham City Museums', pages 16-17, ref nos 166-173, most of which were found in France.

WMID-657E63: SPEARHEAD
A slightly incomplete cast copper alloy socketed and side-looped spearhead (Davis Group 2), dating to the Late Bronze Age, between c. 1150 - c. 800 BC (length: 79.5mm; width at blade: 22mm; diameter at socket mouth: 15.5mm; weight: 47.5g). This artefact is a leaf-shaped spearhead with the remains of a pointed tip. The blade wings to either side of the tapering midrib are incomplete and badly corroded, but their overall shape remains, with the blade wings to either side of the midrib measuring at 7mm in width and 2.5mm thick. The width of the midrib at the tip measures 4.5mm, which then expands to approximately 10.5mm where the blades to either side terminate. Additionally, the midrib is diamond-shaped in section where the blade wings appear to either side, but then expands outwards and continues in length to form a circular sectioned socket 35mm from where the blade wings terminate. At approximately 10mm below the blade wings, there are the remains of side-loops to either side of the socket, with a casting ridge also present either side and in line with these loops, indicating the casting manufacturing process. The circular socketed terminal is complete and still completely filled with earth. Overall, the artefact is in a worn and corroded condition with some areas of bronze disease, particularly on the blade wings and midrib. One side of the spearhead survives better than the other and there are still large areas where the original dark green patina remains. Similar examples are illustrated in H N Savory's 'Guide Catalogue of the Bronze Age Collections', 1980, pages 112 & 175, fig 27, ref nos 227-229, which are all examples of socket-looped spearheads, found at Cadoxton-juxta-Neath, Glamorgan; Llanfair Clydogau, Cardiganshire and Llanerfyl, Montgomeryshire respectively. Other examples are also illustrated in M R Ehrenberg's 'Bronze Age Spearheads from Berks, Bucks and Oxon', 1977, pages 34, 41, 44 & 52, ref nos 36, 74, 94 & 142, which are described as 'pegged leaf-shaped spearheads' and were found at Cookham, Berks; Maidenhead, Berks; Pusey, Berks (Oxon) and Old Windsor, Berks respectively.

WMID-640A81: BUCKLE
An incomplete cast copper alloy openwork triangular buckle plate (length: 40mm; width: 27mm; thickness: 6.5mm; weight: 10.9g). The surviving part of the buckle plate is an upside down 'A' shape in plan and is D-shaped in cross-section. At the top of the artefact, it has broken across an incomplete rivet hole to the left and right at either end of the arms. At approximately half way down the A-shaped frame, at either ends of a central bar to the left and right, there are two raised ridges with a groove in between. The outside frame of the plate continues to taper inwards, with both arms meeting at the opposing terminal end, which is a circular shaped platform, D-shaped in cross-section (diameter: 15.5mm; thickness: 6.5mm). In the centre of this platform, there is a large iron rivet still intact although now badly corroded. At the base of the circular platform where the two arms meet, there is a crudely incised line to either side. The reverse of the buckle plate is flat and undecorated. Overall, the artefact is in a worn but fair condition with a patchy light green patina. Although this buckle plate was originally identifed as early Anglo-Saxon by comparison with one from Holywell Row grave 31 (Marzinzik 2003, 452, plate 130), the openwork plate is much more common in the Roman period, specifically the 4th century.

WMID-634197: GOUGE
A complete cast copper alloy socketed gouge, dating to the Late Bronze, between c. 1150 – c. 800 BC (length: 69mm; diameter at mouth 17.5mm; width at gouge end: 14.5mm; thickness at gouge end: 8mm; weight: 36.5g). The gouge (used as a wood-working tool) is sub-rectangular in plan, with a circular and slightly flared socketed terminal at one end. At the opposing end, the curved blade edge is ‘C’ shaped in section with an elongated triangular or ‘V’ shaped groove on the upper surface of the gouge. This groove (length: 37mm) commences 33mm from the open socket and gradually increases in depth and width towards the blade terminal. At 8.5mm below the open socketed mouth of the gouge, there is a single moulded ridge running across the artefact’s circumference. There is a casting line still visible to the left and right down the length of the artefact and at either side of the triangular or V’ shaped groove, therefore clearly indicating that this artefact was cast in a mould. These casting lines interrupt the single moulded ridge below the socketed mouth. Overall, the artefact is in a slightly worn but good condition with a dark brown patina. There does not appear to be any wood surviving in the socket of the gouge. Two similar examples are illustrated in Watson, P, 1993, ‘Catalogue of British and European Prehistoric Metalwork in Birmingham City Museums’, BAR British Series 233. One of these examples is decorated with ribbing (No. 72), and the second (No. 73) is undecorated. Another similar example is illustrated in Smith, R, A, 1920, ‘British Museum: A Guide to the Antiquities of the bronze Age in the Department of British and Medieval Antiquities’, page 47, fig 33 amongst other finds that were also discovered at Heathery Burn Cave, co. Durham. Although the gouge V-shaped recess is longer, there is a similar single moulded ridge below the open socketed mouth of the artefact. According to Pearce, S, M in the 1983 publication ‘The Bronze Age Metalwork of South Western Britain Part I’, page 43, socketed gouges ‘appear to have begun in the Wilburton phase, and continued as part of the tool repertoire until the end of the Bronze Age’, although most socketed gouges can be dated to the Ewart phase between c. 1000 – c. 800 BC.

WMID-62E136: BROOCH
An incomplete cast copper alloy plate brooch, dating from the 2nd/ 3rd century AD, between AD 100 - 300 (length: 29mm; width: 14.5mm; thickness: 5.5mm; weight: 3.0g). The brooch is rectangular in plan and flat in side section, which would have had originally had a protruding lobe on each of the four corners. However, only one of these now survives. The front of the brooch is crudely decorated with two uneven and crudely placed parallel incised lines to the top and bottom of the length of the artefact. There is one incised line to the left and right across the brooch's width. These lines form a border by surrounding a central rectangular area, which is undecorated and completely plain of any enamel of other material. The outer lines of this 'border' appear approximately 2mm from the artefact edge. There is no other decoration on this artefact. At the back of the brooch, the pair of lugs at one end are still present (although incomplete), which would have originally held the spring or hinge mechanism. This mechanism as well as the pin is now missing. The incomplete remains of the integral cast copper alloy catchplate are still visible at the opposing end. Overall, the brooch is in a worn and corroded condition with little of the dark green patina remaining.

WMID-6296C3: FINGER RING
A complete cast copper alloy finger ring, probably dating to the Medieval period, between AD 1200 – 1500 (outer diameter of hoop: 20mm; inner diameter of hoop: 17.5mm; width: 4mm; thickness: 1.5mm; weight: 1.6g). The hoop of the ring is circular in plan with a D-shaped section. The ring is decorated along the outside edge of the hoop comprising of a raised ridge in the centre (width: 2mm), which is bordered by two parallel recessed edges (width: 0.5mm) with small multiple incised lines decorating each of these areas. Additionally, there are seven groups of unevenly placed crude incisions along the raised ridge, with each group consisting of 3-6 incisions, with some longer than others. The inside of the hoop is undecorated, although there are numerous scratches and an undulating surface, which is a result of the manufacturing process. Similar decoration, although it appears in the centre of the ring, is illustrated on rings found in the London area in Egan, G & Pritchard, F, 2002 edition, 'Medieval Finds from Excavations in London: 3: Dress Accessories c. 1150 - c. 1450', page 331, fig 217, ref nos 1627 & 1629, which both date to the 15th century, between AD c. 1400 - c. 1450.

WMID-61F865: STRAP END
An incomplete sheet copper alloy strap end, dating to the Medieval period, between AD 1200 – 1400 (length: 57mm; width: 14mm; thickness: 2.5mm; weight: 4.8g). The strap end (which is comprised of two copper alloy sheets attached together) is rectangular in plan and flat in side section, although badly corroded at both ends and along the edges. At one end of the length of the artefact, there are two complete copper alloy rivets (diameter: 3mm) in the left and right corners, which hold both sheets together. The front of the strap end is decorated with an elongated incised dragon, which covers the full length of the artefact (although one end is broken). The head of the beast appears at the riveted end and it appears that the mouth is slightly open. The incised outline of the dragon is sharply angled, showing the probable wings at the top of the body and two feet below, which are pointed at an angle slanting forwards. The body then becomes narrow after the feet illustrating a long tail and a forked terminal to the tail that curves backwards to each side towards the main body of the beast. The scales on the body are also highlighted by multiple short incised lines, most of which appear longitudinally to the beast’s body. There are, however, incised markings (six of them) that appear in a different direction (a difference of 90° to the other markings) at the dragon’s mouth. Additionally, there are slanted incised lines (four of which are visible) on the beast’s tail. A single incised line at the top and bottom of the artefact borders the dragon. The back of the artefact is undecorated. Overall, the strap end is in a worn but fair condition with some areas of bronze disease along the edges. A similar example is illustrated in Margeson, S, 1993, 'Norwich Households: Medieval and Post-Medieval Finds from Norwich Survey Excavations 1971-78', pages 27-8, fig 14, ref no 140, which is described as a 'rectangular buckle-plate engraved with stylised ?animal; two rivet holes at one end, cut down for re-use as strap-end' and is dated to the 14th century.

WMID-535BC1: BUCKLE
An incomplete cast copper alloy and silvered double oval buckle, dating to the Medieval period, between AD 1300 – 1450 (length: 23.5mm; width: 15mm; thickness: 3.5mm; weight: 2.2g). A small buckle that is double oval looped in plan with a triangular section and angled/ pointed edges to the left and right on the outside edge of the frame. There is a slight notch at the angled edge to one side of the outside of the frame, where the possible iron pin (as a result of the corrosion visible at the strap bar) would have rested, although it is now missing. The back of the buckle is flat and there is extensive silvering on both sides of the artefact. Overall, the buckle is in a worn but fair condition. A similar example is illustrated in Egan, G & Pritchard, F, 2002 edition, ‘Medieval Finds from Excavations in London: 3: Dress Accessories c. 1150 – c. 1450’, pages 88-9, ref no 386.

WMID-531C97: HOOKED TAG
An incomplete sheet copper alloy hooked tag, dating to the Early Medieval period, between AD 700 - 900 (length: 18mm; width/ diameter: 14.5mm; thickness: 1mm; weight: 0.7g). The hooked tag has an incomplete circular plate in plan with a flat side section. At the top of the artefact, there are two rivet holes to the left and right as well as another possible rivet hole (or part of the decoration?) in the centre (approximate diameter of rivet holes: 2.5mm) with the rivets completely absent. There are four concentric circles that form the decoration on the front of the tag, which circle around a central hole (mentioned above). There is a slightly break/ notch also missing from the left side of the artefact. The outside edges of the hooked tag gently slope inwards and terminate with the incomplete stem of the hook (length: 3mm; width: 1mm; thickness: 1mm) at the bottom. There is no decoration on the back of the artefact. The tag is in a worn and corroded condition with a patchy light green/ brown patina. Similar examples are illustrated in MacGregor, A & Bolick, E, 1993, 'A Summary Catalogue of the Anglo-Saxon Collections (Non-Ferrous Metals)' in the Ashmolean Museum, Oxford, page 190, ref nos 32.1-32.5. MacGregor & Bolick state that these artefacts 'performed a range of functions in fastening clothing, headgear, or indeed bags and purses. A funerary role as shroud-hooks is also possible for some examples'. The early sheet copper alloy examples are 'so flimsy that they could have withstood hardly any strain.'

WMID-279095: COIN
A complete struck/ hammered copper alloy nummus of Constantine II, minted in Trier [Germany] between AD 330-1 (diameter: 17.5mm; thickness: 1.5mm; weight: 2.21g). The coin is in a slightly worn but good condition. Ref: Sutherland, C, H, V & Carson, R, A, G, 1966, 'The Roman Imperial Coinage Vol VII: Constantine and Licinius AD 313-337', page 214, ref no 520.

WMID-2678D4: BUTTON
An incomplete cast lead alloy button, dating to the Post Medieval period, probably dating between AD 1600 – 1800 (diameter of decorative button head: 24mm; thickness at suspension/ attachment loop: 10.5mm; weight: 6.46g). Although badly worn and corroded, the decorative head of the button is in the form of a flower with six deeply recessed pear-shaped petals (length: 5.5mm; width: 3mm) radiating around the centre, which seems to have the remains of a slightly raised pellet. There appears to be additional decorative in between each petal in the form of a possible single linear leaf. There is a slightly break/ hole in one of the petal recesses. The back of the button is mainly flat although very uneven with the incomplete remains of a central suspension/ attachment loop protruding outwards by approximately 4.5mm. Overall, and as previously mentioned, the button is in a very worn and corroded condition with much of the outside edge of the flower-headed button incomplete.

WMID-2474B6: BUCKLE
An incomplete cast copper alloy shoe buckle with a drilled frame for a separate spindle, dating to the 17th/ 18th century, between AD 1650 – 1750 (length: 37mm; width: 23.5mm; thickness: 5.5mm; weight: 7.58g). The buckle is rectangular in plan with a D-shaped and concave side section. Small areas of the buckle frame are incomplete as a result of breakage and bronze disease. The spindle running across the central width of the buckle that connects the chape to the buckle is made of iron with a vast amount of iron corrosion present. Only a small stump remains of the cast copper alloy pin, with the incomplete cast copper alloy chape present, which also has a slightly incomplete terminal. There is no decoration on the buckle, and overall, the artefact is in a worn but fair condition with a dark green patina. Similar examples are illustrated in Whitehead, R, 1996, ‘Buckles 1250 – 1800’, pages 101-2, ref no 647 in particular.

WMID-239EA5: WEIGHT
A complete cast lead rounded standing weight, dating from the Roman – Post Medieval period, between AD 43 – 1800 (length: 29mm; diameter at base: 25.5mm; weight: 95.35g). There is an irregular and crudely formed circular hole at the rounded top of the weight (diameter: 3.5mm) where the weight also appears to be slightly pinched to the left and right around each end of the hole. The artefact’s sides slope outwards towards the base with a small shallow circular indentation in the centre of the base, which also has numerous linear scratch marks radiating outwards from this point. Overall, the artefact is in a slightly worn but fair condition. Standing weights are very difficult to date to a particular period as lead weights such as this example were still used in comparatively recent times (Biggs & Withers, 2000, page 30), with some being used in the 19th century AD. Similar examples are illustrated in Biggs, N & Withers, P, 2000, ‘Lead Weights: The David Rogers Collection’, pages 31-3, ref nos 67 – 78.

WMID-BE1BB1: COIN
A slightly incomplete struck/ hammered silver penny of Edward I, minted in York between AD 1280-1 (diameter: 19mm; thickness: 0.8mm; weight: 1.3g). This coin is a Class 3c Edward I penny, as classified in North (1991). The coin is in a slightly worn and fair condition. Ref: North, J, J, 1991, 'English Hammered Coinage Volume 2: Edward I to Charles II 1272 - 1662', page 28, ref no 1018.

WMID-BCFD93: COIN
A complete struck/ hammered brass Chinese coin of the Ch'ing dynasty, minted by emperor K'ang Hsi between AD 1662 - 1723) in Szechuan (probably) (diameter: 28mm; thickness: 1mm; weight: 4.35g). There is a cut square hole in the centre (5.5mm x 6mm). The coin is in a slightly worn and good condition. Ref: Coole, A, B, 1963, 'Coins in China's History', pages 51-54A.

WMID-92D416: BROOCH
A fragment of a cast copper alloy Colchester Two Piece probable Polden Hill brooch, dating from the 1st/ 2nd century, between AD 43 – 200 (length: 31mm; width at head: 18mm; thickness/ depth: 12.5mm; weight: 7.95g). Only the top of the brooch remains with the incomplete head still present and possible crescent-shapes appendages to either side (clearly visible to the left of the head), which would have originally encompassed the wings. The wings are also completely missing. The incomplete bow of the brooch tapers to a broken point 17mm below the head and less than half way down the bow when the brooch would have been originally been complete. There is no surviving decoration down the front of the brooch. At the back of the artefact, none of the spring or hinge mechanism remains leaving a hollow cusp/ recession instead. Overall, the brooch is in a very worn and corroded condition with a patchy dark green patina although very little of the original surface remains.

WMID-926EE1: KNIFE
An incomplete knapped flint long bladed and backed knife, probably dating from the Mesolithic – Late Neolithic period, between 8000 – 2200 BC (length: 93mm; width: 22mm; thickness: 9mm; weight: 20.71g). The artefact has faintly visible ripples or ‘lunettes’ down its length on the ventral side, although the bulb of percussion and additional scars are not present. On the dorsal side of the knife, there is one main and central arrise with some retouch at the top left edge. There is extensive and multiple retouch down the right side edge, which continues down to the tip, where retouch encompasses this area to the opposite side. Additionally, on the left side edge, there appears to be an intentionally ground surface, which stretches for most of the artefacts length. Overall, the artefact is in a slightly worn but good condition and is dark brown in colour. According to Dr. Jenni Chambers (Ice Age Network) [personal comment], this flint is not local to the area and is very large compared to other flint examples from the area. When complete, the artefact would have been of Long Blade dimensions. Although it is widely thought that this flint tool dates to the Mesolithic, if the artefact has been intentionally ground, then it would place it into the Late Neolithic, therefore giving a wide probable date range for the knife

WMID-910492: TOKEN
A complete struck/ hammered unfinished or trial lead token, dating to the 17th century, between AD 1600 - 1700 (33.5mm x 23.5mm; thickness: 3.5mm; weight: 15.82g). It should be noted that there is a considerable amount of lead remaining around the outside area where the sides of the token has been struck. Additionally, the diameter of each side of the token differs, which may indicate a trial piece. The diameter of the five-foil side is 23mm, while the diameter of the lion side is only 16mm. The token is in a slightly worn but good condition. Ref: Mitchiner, M & Skinner, A, 1985, 'English Tokens, c. 1425 to 1672', pages 131, 140, 160 & 163; plates 19 & 22; ref nos 161, 162 & 49.

WMID-90B081: HARNESS PENDANT
A complete cast copper alloy heraldic horse harness pendant with enamel, dating from the 13th/ 14th century, between AD 1250 – 1350 (length: 29mm; width: 17mm; thickness at suspension loop: 5.5mm; weight: 4.49g). The pendant is shield shaped in plan [Type I, as classified by Ward Perkins, J, B, 1940, 'London Museum Medieval Catalogue', page 118, fig 38] and flat in side section. At the top of the artefact, there is a complete and integral sub-circular suspension loop (length: 8mm; width: 3mm; thickness/ depth: 5.5mm) set at a 90° angle to the main body of the pendant. The hole in the centre of the suspension loop is not visible due to the presence of iron corrosion, probably from the iron pin or rivet that would have attached the artefact to the horse’s leather reins or additional horse harness fitting. The front of the pendant is decorated with a criss-crossed ‘gules fretty’, with four complete red-enamelled lozenge cells (length: 5.5mm; width: 6mm), as well as seven incomplete cells around the pendant’s outside edge, which also still have red enamel remaining in them. Each of these cells is separated by a criss-crossing border (thickness: 1.5mm), which may have been gilt or silvered (although no evidence of this remains). There is no decoration on the flat back of the artefact. Overall, the pendant is in a slightly worn but fair condition with a dark green patina. Irene Syzmanski has suggested that it is most likely this pendant (if the pendant was gilded in the criss-cross decoration) may have been the Audley heraldic design, although there are three possibilities to whom it may have belonged to: • Hugh de Audley of Stratton Audley, Oxfordshire and of Eastington, Gloucestershire (d. AD 1325). • Nicholas de Audley, who held lands in Cheshire, Staffordshire and Salop (d. AD 1299). • William de Audley of Audley, Staffordshire, who also held lands in Staffordshire and Salop (d. AD 1282). However, if the pendant was silvered and not gilt in this area, it would probably refer to the Huddleston family, who held land in Lancashire, Cumbria and Yorkshire. Thank you to Ms Irene Syzmanski in helping with this identification and record.

WMID-8FA915: COIN
A complete struck/ hammered silver Republican denarius of Q.METEL.PIVS SCIPIO IMP, minted in Africa between 47 - 46 BC (diameter: 17.5mm; thickness: 2mm; weight: 3.31g). The coin is in a worn and poor condition. Ref: Crawford, M, H, 1974, 'Roman Republican Coinage Volumes I & II, page 471; plate LIV; ref no 459/1.

WMID-3D5805: BELL
A slightly incomplete cast copper alloy spherical crotal bell, dating to the Post Medieval period, between AD 1600 – 1800 (length: 59mm; diameter: 49mm; weight: 91.6g). At the top of the crotal bell, there is a square-shaped suspension loop (length/ height: 13mm; width: 15mm; thickness: 4mm) with an inner sub-rectangular hole through the centre (length/ height: 6.5mm; width: 6.5mm). There is an outer circumferencial ridge around the centre of the bell. In the top half of the bell above this ridge, there is a series of approximately eight petals or ‘sunburst’ design radiating out from the suspension loop at the top. Interrupting this decoration to the left and right below the suspension loop, there is one complete circular sound hole, with the other opposing hole being broken with a large gap in its place. Below the ridge on the bottom half of the bell, there is a rectangular sound slot, which terminates in two circular holes (although one of these holes is slightly broken). To one side of this slot and within a semi-circle, the letters ‘A G’ are depicted, which may indicate the bell founder’s symbol/ maker’s mark. The oval petal/ ‘sunburst’ design also radiates outwards from this rectangular slot, with approximately twelve petals depicted. There is an iron ball/pea within the bell, which still makes a ringing sound. Overall, the crotal bell is in a worn but fair condition with a dark green patina. A similar bell with the initials 'A G' is illustrated in Bailey, G, 1999, 'Detector Finds' [Revised Third Edition], pages 42-3, ref no 28, which is also dated to the 17th century although the bell founder's initials are unknown.

WMID-3BFFD5: COIN
An incomplete and broken struck/ hammered silver penny of Edward I, minted in London between AD May 1279 - 1291 (diameter: 16mm; thickness: 0.5mm; weight: 0.4g). This can have been classified by North (1991) as belonging to Class 1-5. As the coin is incomplete and worn in places, it makes further identification difficult. The coin is in a slightly worn but fair condition. North, J, J, 1991, 'English Hammered Coinage Volume 2: Edward I to Charles II 1272 - 1662', pages 28-9.

WMID-3BDEF1: COIN
A slightly incomplete and broken struck/ hammered silver halfgroat of Elizabeth I, minted in London between AD 1582/3 - 1583 (diameter: 16.5mm; thickenss: 0.3mm; weight: 0.6g). Mintmark: bell. The coin is in a worn and poor condition. Ref: North, J, J, 1991, 'English Hammered Coinage Volume 2: Edward I to Charles II 1272 - 1662', page 137, ref no 2016.

WMID-3BB884: COIN
A complete (although slightly clipped) struck/ hammered penny of Edward III, minted in London between AD 1351-2 (diameter: 17mm; thickness: 0.5mm; weight: 0.8g). The coin has been classified by North (1991) as part of the Fourth Coinage: Pre-Treaty Period, Series C. The coin is in a slightly worn but good condition. Ref: North, J, J, 1991, 'English Hammered Coinage Volume 2: Edward I to Charles II 1272 - 1662', page 50, ref no 1149.

WMID-26B181: COIN
A complete struck/ hammered copper alloy nummus of Constans, probably minted in Trier between AD 333 - 350 (diameter: 16mm; thickness: 0.5mm; weight: 1.4g). The coin is in a worn and poor condition.

WMID-2644D4: COIN
A complete struck/ hammered silver halfcrown of William III, minted in Chester in AD 1696 (diameter: 33mm; thickness: 1.2mm; weight: 13.4g). The coin is in a worn but fair condition. Ref: Spink, 41st edition 2006, 'Standard Catalogue of British Coins: Coins of England and the United Kingdom', pages 336-7, ref nos 3477 & 3483.

WMID-25FF23: COIN
A complete struck/ hammered copper alloy coin of Phillip III of Spain, minted in the kingdom of Aragon (probably) in AD 1611 (diameter: 16.5mm; thickness: 0.3g); weight: 0.9g). The coin is in a worn but fair condition.

WMID-25CBC8: COIN
A complete struck/ hammered copper alloy as of Antoninus Pius, minted in Rome between AD 140 - 144 (diameter: 25.5mm; thickness: 2.5mm; weight: 8.4g). The coin is in a worn but fair condition. Ref: Mattingly, H & Sydenham, E, A, 1930, 'The Roman Imperial Coinage Volume III: Antoninus Pius to Commodus', page 120, ref no 738.

WMID-15A573: COIN
A worn copper alloy Roman radiate of Carus (AD 282-283), dating to the period c.AD 282-283 (Reece period 14). VIRTVS AVGG reverse type depicting the Emperor standing right holding parazonium and receiving Victory on globe from Jupiter (or Carinus or Numerian) holding sceptre. Mint of Antioch. cf. RIC V.2, p. 150, no. 124. Diameter: 20mm; thickness: 1mm; weight: 2.9g. This is an unusual coin as a British find and there were no examples from Antioch amongst the 142 coins of Carus in the Gloucester Hoard (see CHRB XIII). The worn surfaces and patina suggest this coin could be a more recent rather than genuine ancient loss.

A complete struck/ hammered Greek Imperial/ Roman Provincial bronze coin, probably dating to the 2nd/ early 3rd century AD (diameter: 25mm; thickness: 3mm; weight: 10.2g). Mint: unknown. The coin is in a very worn and poor condition.

WMID-14C912: COIN
A slightly incomplete struck/ hammered copper alloy nummus of the House of Valentinian, probably minted in Lyons between AD 364 - 378 (diameter: 17mm; thickness: 1mm; weight: 2.5g). The coin is in a very worn and corroded condition. Ref: Mattingly, H, Sutherland, C, H, V & Carson, R, A, G, 1968, 'The Roman Imperial Coinage Volume IX: Valentinian I - Theodosius I'.

WMID-E7B307: COIN
A complete struck/ hammered copper alloy nummus of Valens, minted in Siscia between 25th February AD 364 to 24th August AD 367 (diameter: 17mm; thickness: 1mm; weight: 2.1g). The coin is in a worn but fair condition. Mattingly, H & Sutherland, C, H, V, 2003, 'The Roman Imperial Coinage Volume IX: Valentinian I to Theodosus I', page 146, ref no 7b.

A complete struck/ hammered copper alloy nummus of Constantius II, minted in Alexandria, between AD 333-5 (diameter: 18.5mm; thickness: 0.8mm; weight: 1.8g). The coin is in a slightly worn but good condition. Ref: Sutherland, C, H, V & Carson, R, A, G, 1966, 'The Roman Imperial Coinage Vol VII: 'Constantine and Licinius', page 711, ref no 60.

WMID-9544E7: COIN
A complete struck/ hammered commemorative radiate [Series I] of Claudius Gothicus/ Claudius II, probably minted in Rome, between AD 268-70 (diameter: 19mm; thickness: 1mm; weight: 2.1g). The coin is in a slightly worn but good condition. Ref: Mattingly, H & Sydenham, E, A, 1927, 'The Roman Imperial Coinage Vol V, Part I: Valerian to Florian’, page 234, ref no 265.

WMID-81E2F1: COIN
A complete struck/ hammered copper alloy radiate of Claudius Gothicus or Claudius II, minted in Rome between AD 268-70 (diameter: 18.5mm; thickness: 1.5mm; weight: 3.3g). The coin is in a slightly worn but good condition. Ref: Mattingly, H & Sydenham, E, A, 1927, 'The Roman Imperial Coinage Vol V, Part I: Valerian to Florian’, page 217, ref no 81.

WMID-81C431: COIN
A complete struck/ hammered copper alloy nummus of Constantine I, minted in London in AD 318 (diameter: 21.5mm; thickness: 1mm; weight: 3.2g). The coin is in a worn but fair condition. Ref: Sutherland, C, H, V & Carson, R, A, G, 1966, 'The Roman Imperial Coinage Vol VII: Constantine and Licinius’, page 105, ref no 132.

WMID-80F8C5: COIN
An incomplete struck/ hammered copper alloy nummus of Constantine I, minted in Trier (Germany) between either AD 330-1 or 335-7 (diameter: 16.5mm; thickness: 2mm; weight: 2.6g). The coin is in a worn but fair condition. Ref: Sutherland, C, H, V & Carson, R, A, G, 1966, 'The Roman Imperial Coinage Vol VII: Constantine and Licinius', pages 214-5, ref no 523 & page 223, ref no 589.

WMID-8047B2: COIN
A copper-alloy dupondius or as of Faustina II, struck under Antoninus Pius and dating to the period AD 147 to 161 (Reece period 7). IVNO SC reverse depicting Juno seated left holding patera and sceptre. Mint of Rome. RIC III, p. 193, no. 1399.

A complete struck/ hammered copper alloy sestertius of Lucilla, minted between AD 164 - c. 169 (diameter: 32mm; thickness: 5mm; weight: 29.5g). The coin is in a worn and poor condition. Ref: Mattingly, H & Sydenham, E, A, 1930, 'The Roman Imperial Coinage Vol III: Antoninus Pius to Commodus', page 352, ref no 1733.

WMID-7FEED1: COIN
A slightly incomplete struck/ hammered copper alloy nummus of the House of Constantine, dating between AD 307 - 61 (diameter: 17mm; thickness: 1mm; weight: 1.8g). The mint is uncertain and overall, the coin is in a worn and corroded condition.

WMID-7FD076: COIN
An incomplete struck/ hammered copper alloy probable nummus, dating to the 4th century and possibly minted in London (diameter: 19mm; thickness: 0.5mm; weight: 1.9g). The coin is in a worn and corroded condition.

WMID-1691B6: BUCKLE
An incomplete cast copper alloy oval framed buckle, dating to the 14th/ 15th century, between AD 1300 – 1500 (length: 20mm; width: 28mm; thickness: 2mm; weight: 2.2g). This buckle is oval in plan and D-shaped in side section. There is no decoration along the outside edge of the frame, although there are small moulded terminals at either end of the strap bar, which is also offset and narrowed. The pin is missing and there is no evidence of a small notch where the pin would have originally rested along the outside opposing edge. The back of the buckle is also flat and undecorated. Overall, the buckle is in a worn but fair condition with a dark green/ brown patina. A similar example (although earlier in date) is illustrated in Egan, G & Pritchard, F, 2002 edition, ‘Medieval Finds from Excavations in London: 3: Dress Accessories c. 1150 – c. 1450’, pages 68 & 70, ref no 271.

WMID-15AFA6: COIN
An incomplete (a possible purposefully drilled hole near the outside edge to be re-used as a pendant?) struck/ hammered silver penny of Charles II, minted in AD 1677 (diameter: 12mm; diameter of possibly pierced hole: 2.5mm; thickness: 0.5mm; weight: 0.6g). There is no initial mark. The coin is in a slightly worn but good condition. Ref: Mitchell, S & Reeds, B, 1995, ‘Standard Catalogue of British Coins: Coins of England and the United Kingdom 30th edition’, page 226, ref no 3390.

WMID-D8EE67: MOUNT
An incomplete sheet copper alloy probable mount, probably dating to the Early Medieval period, between AD 600 - 1000 ( 20mm x 20mm; thickness: 0.5mm; weight: 1.9g). The incomplete artefact is square in plan (with slightly inward curving sides) and flat in section with only two of the four sides being incomplete. There are two sets of parallel and concentric lines, comprised of small punched sub-triangular markings, with one set irregularly placed along the outside edge and the other set also irregularly placed in the centre. There is not a uniform width or gap between the two sets of lines and the decoration itself is crudely applied with areas of overlapping. There is no decoration on the back of the probable mount although there is a line of lighter corrosion (including some possible iron corrosion) running diagonally from one corner to the other. There is a small protruding mark in this diagonal strip, although this may be corrosion instead of the evidence of a rivet. Overall, the artefact is in a slightly worn but good condition with a dark green patina.

WMID-D898F7: PADLOCK
An incomplete wrought iron barb-spring or 'barrel' padlock, dating to the 13th/ 14th century, between AD 1200 - 1400 (length: 42.5mm; width: 41mm; thickness: 16.5mm; weight: 41.45g). The artefact has an incomplete cylindrical and hollow case (diameter of hollow case: 9mm) with no evidence of a barbed spring inside. The opposing terminals of the case are also incomplete and without any of the keyhole still present at one end. There is a raised ridge ( width: 7mm) running around the cylindrical case at each end, as well as continuing up and along the outside edge to the incomplete stumps of the bolt and hasp at either end. There is a linear rib running across the width of the padlock on the more complete side, with two other possible ribs above. Overall, the padlock is in a worn and corroded condition. Similar examples are illustrated in Egan, G, 1998, 'Medieval Finds from Excavations in London: 6: The Medieval Household Daily Living c. 1150 - c. 1450', pages 91 - 99, particularly ref nos 248 & 251. According to Egan (page 91), these padlocks were worked by sliding keys with the larger more robust examples being used for chests and doors. Half of the iron cylindrical padlock examples in Egan's publication have been regularly coated by brazing.

WMID-D788D3: KNIFE
A slightly incomplete cast copper alloy knife or dagger pommel, probably dating to the 15th/ 16th century, between AD 1400 – 1600 (length: 14.5mm; diameter: 19mm; weight: 8.70g). A small, hollow and cylindrical pommel with two opposing openings/ holes at the top and bottom for the tang of the knife/ dagger to pass through. Although one of these openings/ holes is incomplete, it may have originally been larger than the circular hole (diameter: 7.5mm) at the probable top of the artefact. There is no decoration on the pommel, which is in a worn but fair condition with a dark green patchy patina.

WMID-6F0E40: VESSEL
A ceramic wheelthrown rim fragment/ sherd, probably dating to the Medieval period, between AD 1200 - 1600 (65mm x 45mm; thickness: 11.5mm; weight: 39.50g). This fragment/ sherd has a hard-fired off-white/ salmon pink coloured fabric with a possible grey slip on the inside of the vessel. There are numerous large grit inclusions throughout the fabric. The artefact would have originally been part of a large pancheon (milk pan) or similar straight-sided vessel and is also similar to Midlands White Ware.

WMID-6EDFA4: VESSEL
An incomplete ceramic wheelthrown handle from a jug or similar container, probably dating to the Medieval period, between AD 1100 - 1500 (length: 44mm; width: 29mm; thickness: 11mm; weight: 17.98g). This handle is a fairly coarse and hard-fired fabric with a creamy/ off-white colour. There are two parallel incised lines down the length of the handle as a form of decoration. This artefact is in a worn condition with pitting in some areas, and is similar in fabric type to Midlands White Ware.

WMID-6EC792: VESSEL
A ceramic wheelthrown rim fragment/ sherd of a Roman grey ware vessel, dating from the 1st - 4th century, between AD 43 - 400 (44mm x 23mm; thickness: 13mm; weight: 15.47g). This fragment/ sherd has a roughly textured and fairly hard-fired fabric with numerous and irregularly sized grit and quartz inclusions. The artefact may have originally been part of a bowl or similar kitchenware vessel.

WMID-6EADC6: VESSEL
A ceramic wheelthrown fragment/ sherd of a Roman grey ware vessel, dating from the 1st - 4th century, between AD 43 - 400 (33.5mm x 19mm; thickness: 5mm; weight: 4.13g). This fragment/ sherd has a finely textured and fairly hard-fired fabric with numerous small grit and quartz inclusions. The form of vessel that this fragment/ sherd came from is uncertain but it may have possibly been a cup, bowl or another kitchenware vessel.

WMID-6E88D5: VESSEL
A ceramic wheethrown rim fragment/ sherd of a Roman grey ware vessel, dating from the 1st - 4th century, between AD 43 - 400 (40mm x 21mm; thickness: 10mm; weight: 9.43g). The fragment/ sherd is finely textured and has a fairly hard-fired light grey fabric with numerous small grit and quartz inclusions. The artefact is probably part of a bowl or similar kitchenware vessel.

WMID-6CDF85: COIN
A complete struck/ hammered silver short cross cut halfpenny of John or Henry III, probably minted in London by an uncertain moneyer between AD 1204/5 - 1217 (diameter: 18mm; thickness: 0.5mm; weight: 0.61g). According to Wren and North (mentioned below), this coin can be classified as either a Class 5 or 6. The coin is a slightly worn but fair condition. Ref: Wren, C, R, 1992, 'The Short-Cross Coinage 1180 - 1247: Henry II to Henry III: An Illustrated Guide to Identification', pages 41 & 51-9. North, J, J, 1994, 'English Hammered Coinage Volume 1: early Anglo-Saxon to Henry III c. 600 - 1272', pages 221-2.

WMID-6C4CA7: COIN
A complete (although slightly broken) struck/ hammered silver short cross penny of Henry II, minted by Pieres at London between 1180 - c. 1189 (diameter: 19.5mm; thickness: 0.5mm; weight: 1.26g). According to Wren & North (mentioned below), this coin can be classified as a Class 1c, which is described as 'a cruder style. Curls vary in number, but always more to right than left. No stop before REX'. The coin is in a slightly worn but fair condition. Ref: Wren, C, R, 1992, 'The Short-Cross Coinage 1180 - 1247: Henry II to Henry III: An Illustrated Guide to Identification', pages 30, 35, 40 & 45. Ref: North, J, J, 1994, 'English Hammered Coinage Volume 1: Early Anglo-Saxon to henry III c. 600 - 1272', pages 219-20 & 224, ref no 964.

WMID-DC4BF6: SCABBARD
A fragment of a cast iron probable scabbard, probably dating from the Post Medieval period, between AD 1600 – 1900 (length: 195mm; width: 39mm; thickness: 16mm; weight: 152.61g). The scabbard fragment is broken at both ends and is sub rectangular in plan and sub-lozenge shaped in section. The majority of the scabbard appears to be hollow inside although there is a large amount of earth present. On either side, there is a prominent single ridge running down the central length of the scabbard, where the inside of the scabbard is at its widest. Overall, the artefact is in a worn and corroded condition.

WMID-DC0816: KNIFE
A complete copper-alloy post-Medieval knife end stop dating to the 16th century (length: 27mm; width at base: 11mm; thickness at face: 8mm; weight: 10.0g). The knife end stop is in the form of a rounded female bust/ head, which is D-shaped in section with very crude facial features including round and recessed eyes (diameter: 1mm) and thin slit mouth (length: 3.5mm). The nose, if it did originally exist, is now completely worn. The stylised hair or headdress protruded upwards in a crescent formation around the face, including a single protruding ridge immediately above the eyes. The bust's neck (length: 4.5mm; width: 4mm; thickness: 4mm) is narrow and sub-oval in section with a platform below. The platform (length: 8mm; width: 11mm; thickness: 7.5mm) is sub-rectangular in plan and oval in section with a single incised line at the base. There is iron corrosion to the left and right sides of the platform as well as a small amount of iron remaining across the central width of the base, where the iron blade would have extended out from. Overall, the artefact is in a worn and poor condition with a patchy light green patina.

WMID-DB5206: FLAKE
A complete knapped flint flake, probably dating to the Neolithic period, between 4000 – 2200 BC (length: 18mm; width: 14.5mm; thickness: 5mm; weight: 1.2g). On the ventral side of the artefact, there is a distinctive bulb of percussion with some radial scars extending outwards from the striking platform. Faint ripples or ‘lunettes’ are also visible. On the dorsal side, there are three main arrises but no retouch is noticeable. A flake, according to Bond, C, J, 2004 ‘Guide to the Identification, Assessment and Recording of Lithics, Version 1’, page 202, is any material removed from a core, but not exceeding blade proportions in maximum length and breadth.

WMID-DB1296: SCRAPER (TOOL)
An incomplete knapped flint probable circular scraper, dating to the Neolithic period, between 4000 – 200 BC (diameter: 33mm; thickness: 5.5mm; weight: 4.7g). There is retouch on both sides of the scraper, which is particularly evident on one side where the retouch runs around its circumference. The artefact has been broken across the centre. The flint is dark brown/ grey in colour. According to Bond, C, J, 2004 ‘Guide to the Identification, Assessment and Recording of Lithics, Version 1’, page 206, a scraper is ‘a retouched form that retains an edge, by retouching to an angle of removals, c. 20 – c. 90º’. A circular scraper has a retouched edge ‘around the circumference, or near total edge, of the flake blank….These artefact types are found across a broader date range, Earlier Neolithic to Later Neolithic. Typically the retouch is abrupt, invasive and can be scale flaked.’

WMID-DAA5A5: MOUNT
An incomplete cast copper alloy mount with gilding, probably dating to the Medieval period, between AD 1100-1250 (length: 42mm; width: 32.5mm; thickness: 8mm; weight: 12.7g). The mount is oval-shaped in plan with a flat side section around the outside edge. There are four large circular rivet holes (diameter: 4mm) at the top, bottom and one to either side, although no rivets remain. The front of the mount is decorated around the outside edge (width: 8.5mm) with multiple slanted/ diagonal incised lines forming a zig-zag design. Additionally, the same area still has a large amount of gilding across the surface. In the centre of the front of the mount, there is a heavily corroded raised border (height: approximately 5.5mm), surrounding a large oval depression inside, which may have originally contained enamel or glass, although this material no longer survives. Gilding also occurs around the outside edge of this inner border. The back of the artefact is flat and undecorated. Overall, the mount is in a worn but fair condition with a dark green patina. The artefact is also distorted slightly in shape and bent at the edges.

WMID-D9FAF1: TOKEN
A fragment of a probable cast lead alloy token, probably dating from the Medieval - Post Medieval period, between AD 1400 - 1700 (diameter: 15.5mm; thickness: 1.5mm; weight: 1.0g). The fragment is decorated on one only with three raised concentric circles, including one of these running around the outside edge of the artefact. In the centre, there appears to be a raised pellet. The back of the probable token is flat and undecorated. Overall, the artefact is in a worn and poor condition.

WMID-D90821: COIN
A complete, although slightly clipped, struck/ hammered silver halfgroat of Henry VI, minted in Calais as part of the Annulet coinage between AD 1422-27 (diameter: 21mm; thickness: 0.5mm; weight: 1.8g). Ref: North, J, J, 'English Hammered Coinage Volume 2: Edward I to Charles II 1272 - 1662', page 74, ref no 1429.

WMID-D861B0: COIN
A fragment of a struck/ hammered copper alloy barbarous radiate/ contemporary copy of a 3rd century emperor (diameter: 10mm; thickness: 1mm; weight: 0.3g). The coin is in a worn and corroded condition.

WMID-D82865: BROOCH
A fragment of a cast copper alloy Colchester Two Piece probable T-shaped brooch, dating to the 1st/ 2nd century AD (length: 15.5mm; width at wings: 23mm; thickness: 6mm; weight: 3.6g). Only the top part of the brooch remains, with the corroded semi-cylindrical wings protruding out to either side. The head and bow of the brooch is slightly recessed and lower than the wings of the brooch, with two incised lines slanting upwards from opposing ends of the wings to meet at a point above the bow. There are remains of silvering along the wings and at the top of the bow (length of bow: 6mm), but the brooch is broken immediately below. At one end of the wings, the remains of a cast copper alloy axis bar is still visible surrounded by a cast copper alloy casing at the back, with only a small slit (approximate length: 5.5mm; width: 2mm) where a fragment of the cast copper alloy hinged mechanism and pin survive (length: 6.5mm). There is also silvering visible on the back of the bow. Overall, the brooch fragment is in a worn but fair condition with a dark green patina.

WMID-D73EB4: BLADE
A complete knapped flint blade, dating from the late Mesolithic – early Neolithic period, between c. 6500 – 2900 BC (length: 27.5mm; width: 16mm; thickness: 3.5mm; weight: 1.4g). On the ventral side of the artefact, there is a bulb of percussion with two eraillure scars and multiple radiating ripples or ‘lunettes’ below and running down the length of the flake towards the distal end. On the dorsal side, there are three main arrises, but there is no retouch along the edges. A blade, according to Bond, C, J, 2004 ‘Guide to the Identification, Assessment and Recording of Lithics, Version 1’, page 203, is a proportionally narrow, parallel-sided flake, with parallel arrises on the dorsal face.

WMID-D72545: FLAKE
A complete knapped flint flake, dating to the Neolithic period, between 4000 – 2200 BC (length: 27mm; width: 17.5mm; thickness: 3mm; weight: 1.5g). On the ventral side of the flake, a slight bulb of percussion remains with an eraillure scar. No radiating ripples or ‘lunettes’ are visible. On the dorsal side, there are no arrises and no retouched areas. A flake, according to Bond, C, J, 2004 ‘Guide to the Identification, Assessment and Recording of Lithics, Version 1’, page 202, is any material removed from a core, but not exceeding blade proportions in maximum length and breadth.

WMID-C75492: FLAKE
A complete knapped flint flake, dating to the Neolithic period, between 4000 – 2200 BC (length: 41.5mm; width: 18mm; thickness: 7mm; weight: 4.6g). On the ventral side of the flake, a slight bulb of percussion remains with an eraillure scar. No radiating ripples or ‘lunettes’ remain. On the dorsal side, there are multiple arrises (three or four) running down the length of the artefact with some infrequent retouched areas down the left side. A flake, according to Bond, C, J, 2004 ‘Guide to the Identification, Assessment and Recording of Lithics, Version 1’, page 202, is any material removed from a core, but not exceeding blade proportions in maximum length and breadth.

WMID-C73A53: FLAKE
A complete knapped flint miscellaneous retouched flake with a notch on the right side, probably dating to the Late Bronze Age, between 1150 – 800 BC (length: 27mm; width: 19mm; thickness: 4mm; weight: 2.3g). On the ventral side of the artefact, there is a bulb of percussion, with radial scars extending outwards from an incomplete eraillure scar, as well as multiple radiating ripples or ‘lunettes’ below and running down the length of the flake towards the distal end. On the dorsal side, there are two arrises with small amounts of retouch on the left side. As mentioned above, there is a notch on the right side above a small area of cortex that still remains. A flake, according to Bond, C, J, 2004 ‘Guide to the Identification, Assessment and Recording of Lithics, Version 1’, page 202, is any material removed from a core, but not exceeding blade proportions in maximum length and breadth. A notch, also defined by Bond, is a flake or blade that has retained an indentation, worked by abrupt or semi-abrupt retouch (page 208).

WMID-C71036: ARROWHEAD
A possibly incomplete knapped flint possible oblique arrowhead, dating to the Neolithic period between 4000 – 2200 BC (length: 35mm; width: 15mm; thickness: 5mm; weight: 2.6g). On the ventral side of the artefact, only part of the bulb of percussion remains, with faint ripples or ‘lunettes’ radiating downwards. On the dorsal side, there are no distinctive or clear arrises, although there is muiltple fine knapping across the surface, particularly down the left and right edges as well as the tip. An oblique arrowhead is an asymmetrical and sub-triangular arrowhead form, made by bilateral retouch worked along one edge, and with a hollow base, as defined by Bond, C, J in ‘Guide to the Identification, Assessment and Recording of Lithics, Version 1’, 2004, page 207.

WMID-C6E011: THUMB NAIL SCRAPER
A complete knapped flint thumbnail scraper, formed on a flake, dating to the late Neolithic – Early Bronze Age, between 3000 – 1800 BC (length: 23mm; width: 20mm; thickness: 5.5mm; weight: 3.2g). On the ventral side of the scraper, there is a bulb of percussion with an eraillure scar and ripples or ‘lunettes’ radiating down and outwards from the feature. On the dorsal side, there are three main arrises with retouched edges to the left and top of the artefact. The retouched edge on thumbnail scrapers tends to be around the circumference, o near total edge, of the flake blank. The flake blank is small, rounded and ‘button’ or ‘thumbnail’ in size, with re-touch being commonly semi-abrupt (Bond, C, J, 2004, ‘Guide to the Identification, Assessment and Recording of Lithics, Version 1’, page 207).

WMID-C6C5D5: SCRAPER (TOOL)
A complete knapped flint circular scraper (that appears to have been adapted from a core rejuvenation flake, dating to the Neolithic period between 4000 – 2200 BC (diameter: 19mm; thickness/ height: 12mm; weight: 4.6g). There is no indication of a bulb of percussion or ripples/ ‘lunettes’ on the ventral side of the scraper, and there are multiple arrises on the dorsal side. The retouched edge appears around the circumference of the artefact, with large and more extensive retouched areas down one side in particular. The form of circular scrapers is found across a broader date range from the Earlier Neolithic – Later Neolithic, with the retouched areas being typically abrupt, invasive and can be scale flaked (Inizan et al, 1992, ‘Technology of Knapped Stone. Préhistoire de la Pierre Taillée Tome 3).

WMID-C66CE3: AWL
A complete knapped flint probable awl or piercer (re-used from an earlier flake), dating to the Late Neolithic – Early Bronze Age period, between 3000 – 1800 BC (length: 40.5mm; width: 23mm; thickness: 7mm; weight: 5.8g). There appears to be a multiple bulbs of percussion at the top of the ventral side of the artefact, as well as notches to the left and right. On the dorsal side, the artefact terminates with a pointed piercer at the top and retouch predominantly to the left and right, as well as at the rounded bottom end. A piercer can be defined as a borer form (with a narrow projection for perforation), but with a point made by retouch from only one direction (Clark et al, 1960, ‘Excavations at the Neolithic site at Hurst Fen, Mildenhall, Suffolk’ in Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society Vol 26, page 223.

A complete (although slightly clipped) struck/ hammered silver Class III groat of Henry VII, minted as part of the Type 'I' 'facing bust issue' in London between AD 1490 - 1504 (diameter: 24.5mm; thickness: 1mm; weight: 2.97g). Mintmark: leopard's head. The coin is in a slightly worn but good condition. Ref: North, J, J, 1991, 'English Hammered Coinage Volume 2: Edward I to Charles II 1272 - 1662', page 102, ref no 1705(c).

WMID-33BB58: STYLUS
A slightly incomplete cast copper alloy probable stylus, dating from the Roman - Medieval period, between AD 43 - 1500 (length: 87.5mm; width: 9mm; thickness: 5.5mm; weight: 11.83g). The artefact is sub-rectangular in plan at the wider and flat end and sub-circular in plan further down the shaft as the probable stylus tapers to a point at the bottom. At 8.5mm below the top of the flattened terminal of the artefact, there is a singular indentation with a slightly ridge below. There is no other decoration on the probable stylus. The bottom and narrowed tip of the artefact is slightly broken and is bent/ distorted to one side. Overall, the probable stylus is in a worn and poor condition with a pitted light green/ brown patina. A similar Medieval stylus is illustrated in Egan, G, 1998, 'Medieval Finds from Excavations in London: 6: The Medieval Household Daily Living c. 1150 - c. 1450', pages 270-1, fig 209, ref no 896. Egan states that these styli were mainly used for writing 'with waxed tablets...and probably used by architects/ builders on stone...The wedge-shaped ends could be used for the erasure of wax.'

A complete struck/ hammered silver possible coin or disc (there are no markings on the artefact), probably dating to the Post Medieval period, between AD 1550 - 1700 (diameter: 24.5mm; thickness: 0.8mm; weight: 2.57g). The artefact is in worn and poor condition.

WMID-1FFF65: RING
A complete cast copper alloy annular ring, dating from the Roman -Post Medieval period, between AD 43 - c. 1900 (diameter: 26.5mm; thickness: 2.5mm; weight: 3.5g). A slightly irregularly shaped D-sectioned ring. There is no decoration on the artefact and it is difficult to distinguish a specific date for its use. Overall, the ring is in a worn and corroded condition with a light green patchy patina.

WMID-1FD4E7: COIN
An incomplete struck/ hammered copper alloy radiate, minted by an uncertain emperor at an uncertain mint and dating from the 3rd century, between AD 200 - 300 (diameter: 11mm; thickness: 1mm; weight: 0.5g). The coin is in a worn and corroded condition.

WMID-1FB291: VESSEL
A cast copper-alloy leg from a cooking vessel, perhaps a cauldron. There are slight ridges to the left, right and centre, giving the leg a paw-like appearance with three toes. The leg curves outwards towards the slanted and uneven base; the sides slant inwards slightly towards the base, making the leg taper. The back of the leg is flat and undecorated. Overall, the cauldron leg is in a worn and corroded condition with a dark green patina. A similar example is illustrated by Margeson in 'Norwich Households: Medieval and Post-Medieval Finds from Norwich Survey Excavations 1971-78', East Anglian Archaeology, 1993, page 90, figure 57, no. 562. Similar legs can be seen on this complete example of a skillet and were excavated from a datable context of 1507 AD. However, it is noted that these and other examples found in this deposit were 'likely to have been of considerable age in 1507' (Margeson, page 93). On the whole, cooking vessels with legs like these date from 1250 to 1700 AD. Length: 41.5mm; width: 47mm; thickness: 12mm; weight: 88.5g.

WMID-1B0402: VESSEL
A complete cast copper alloy cauldron/ skillet leg, dating from the 14th - 16th century, between AD 1300 - 1600. (length: 37mm; width: 37.5mm; thickness [at base of foot]: 19.5mm; weight: 59.5g). This small paw-shaped cauldron leg has slight ridges to the left, right and the centre, indicating the paw’s toes. The artefact curves outwards towards the base of the artefact, has a slanted and uneven base as well as slanting outwards slightly to the sides to form a wider base. The back of the leg is flat and undecorated. Overall, the cauldron leg is in a worn and corroded condition with a dark green patina. A similar example is illustrated by Margeson in 'Norwich Households: Medieval and Post-Medieval Finds from Norwich Survey Excavations 1971-78', East Anglian Archaeology, 1993, page 90, figure 57, Ref no 562. Similar legs can be seen on this complete example of a skillet and were excavated from a datable context of 1507 AD. However, it is noted that these and other examples found in this deposit were 'likely to have been of considerable age in 1507' (Margeson, page 93).

A slightly incomplete and clipped struck/ hammered silver penny of Edward I or II, minted in London between AD 1272 - 1327 (diameter: 17mm; thickness: 0.3mm; weight: 0.8g). The coin is in a worn and poor condition. Ref: North, J, J, 1991, 'English Hammered Coinage Volume 2: Edward I to Charles II 1272 - 1662', pages 31-8.

A complete struck/ hammered silver penny of Edward II (probably), minted in Bury St. Edmunds between AD 1307 - 1327 (probably) (diameter: 18mm; thickness: 0.5mm; weight: 1.1g). The coin is in a worn and poor condition and is slightly clipped. Ref: North, J, J, 1991, 'English Hammered Coinage Volume 2: Edward I to Charles II 1272 - 1662', pages 31-8.

WMID-08EC30: COIN
An incomplete struck/ hammered contemporary forgery of a William and Mary tin halfpenny, dating to the 17th century, between AD 1689 - 1692 (diameter: 27mm; thickness: 3mm; weight: 8.50g). The coin is in a very worn and corroded condition.

WMID-36C9B0: VESSEL
A wheel-thrown ceramic vessel base sherd, dating from the Roman - Medieval period, between AD 43 - 1500 (dimensions: 32mm x 21.5mm; thickness: 6mm; weight: 4.4g). The fabric is light orange throughout with regular grit and quartz inclusions. The sherd is in a worn and poor condition.

WMID-36BA28: VESSEL
A collection of one hundred and twenty wheel-thrown ceramic Iron-rich sandy ware body sherds, two base sherds and one neck sherd, dating to the 13th/ 14th century, between AD 1200 – 1400 (varying thickness: 3.5 - 11mm; collective weight: exceeds limit of scales). The sherds are in a worn but fair condition. They form part of a large collection of vessel sherds found by the finder including Iron rich sandy ware and Midlands Purple vessel sherds (see related records). Altogether, these sherds highlight a 13th/ 14th century domestic collection that appears to have been thrown into a midden dump or pit, possibly close to a settlement. The iron rich clay fabric small and abundant subangular to subrounded quartz grains with some infrequent subrounded iron ore fragments present. In some cases, voids in the fabric suggest burnt out inclusions, which may have originally been organic material. The ware is hard fired with some of the sherds beingcompletely oxidised, whilst some others have a reduced dark grey or black core. The surface of the pottery is evenly oxidised to an orange colour. In the publication listed below, D. Ford has detailed the following information: Iron-rich sandy ware is also known as sandy cooking pot fabric or reduced sandy ware. This type of ware includes a wide range of pottery: unglazed utilitarian wares mostly used as cooking pots and glazed table wares, which range from early green-glazed pitchers to the later highly decorated jugs (as well as some glazed bowls, dripping pans and small jars). The iron rich clay fabric always contains moderate to common subangular to subrounded quartz grains, and occasionally there are a few large subangular quartz fragments (up to c. 4mm). Subangular to subrounded iron ore fragments may be rarely to commonly present, with coarser fragments up to 5-6mm. In some cases, voids suggest burnt out inclusions, which may have been organic material. The ware is usually hard fired; the body may be completely oxidised, or has a reduced dark grey or black core. The surface of the pottery can be evenly oxidised to a red, orange or fawn colour, patchily oxidised, or reduced to dark brown, grey or black. The unglazed vessels (mostly cooking pots or jars) may be wheel thrown or hand-formed, with the rim finished on a slow wheel. They have simple profiles – straight-sided, barrel-shaped or globular – with a flat or slightly sagging base. These examples have a small range of everted rim forms, some of which could have taken a lid. Other vessel types include bowls, dishes, dripping pans, pipkins and cufews, although these are rare. Glaze colour can be a mottled green, a rich copper green, yellowish green or colourless, and can be hand-formed and wheel-finished, or wheel-thrown. Iron rich sandy ware has a broad date range from the 11th-14th centuries. No kiln sites have been discovered in Staffordshire, although kiln evidence has been found at Audlem, Cheshire and at Chilvers Coton nr. Nuneaton, Warwickshire. This ware is common throughout the West Midlands although few examples have been found in North Staffordshire. Examples of pitchers and jugs have been found at Stafford Castle; Eyeswell Manor moated site in Eccleshall and Sandon deserted medieval village. Ref: Ford, D, A, 1995, ‘Medieval Pottery in Staffordshire, AD 800 – 1600: A Review’, pages 32-3.

WMID-368BB3: VESSEL
A collection of twenty wheel-thrown ceramic Iron-rich sandy ware rim sherds, dating to the 13th/ 14th century, between AD 1200 – 1400 (varying thickness: 6 - 11mm; collective weight: 162.52g). The sherds are in a worn but fair condition. They form part of a large collection of vessel sherds found by the finder including Iron rich sandy ware and Midlands Purple vessel sherds (see related records). Altogether, these sherds highlight a 13th/ 14th century domestic collection that appears to have been thrown into a midden dump or pit, possibly close to a settlement. The iron rich clay fabric small and abundant subangular to subrounded quartz grains with some infrequent subrounded iron ore fragments present. In some cases, voids in the fabric suggest burnt out inclusions, which may have originally been organic material. The ware is hard fired with some of the sherds beingcompletely oxidised, whilst some others have a reduced dark grey or black core. The surface of the pottery is evenly oxidised to an orange colour. In the publication listed below, D. Ford has detailed the following information: Iron-rich sandy ware is also known as sandy cooking pot fabric or reduced sandy ware. This type of ware includes a wide range of pottery: unglazed utilitarian wares mostly used as cooking pots and glazed table wares, which range from early green-glazed pitchers to the later highly decorated jugs (as well as some glazed bowls, dripping pans and small jars). The iron rich clay fabric always contains moderate to common subangular to subrounded quartz grains, and occasionally there are a few large subangular quartz fragments (up to c. 4mm). Subangular to subrounded iron ore fragments may be rarely to commonly present, with coarser fragments up to 5-6mm. In some cases, voids suggest burnt out inclusions, which may have been organic material. The ware is usually hard fired; the body may be completely oxidised, or has a reduced dark grey or black core. The surface of the pottery can be evenly oxidised to a red, orange or fawn colour, patchily oxidised, or reduced to dark brown, grey or black. The unglazed vessels (mostly cooking pots or jars) may be wheel thrown or hand-formed, with the rim finished on a slow wheel. They have simple profiles – straight-sided, barrel-shaped or globular – with a flat or slightly sagging base. These examples have a small range of everted rim forms, some of which could have taken a lid. Other vessel types include bowls, dishes, dripping pans, pipkins and cufews, although these are rare. Glaze colour can be a mottled green, a rich copper green, yellowish green or colourless, and can be hand-formed and wheel-finished, or wheel-thrown. Iron rich sandy ware has a broad date range from the 11th-14th centuries. No kiln sites have been discovered in Staffordshire, although kiln evidence has been found at Audlem, Cheshire and at Chilvers Coton nr. Nuneaton, Warwickshire. This ware is common throughout the West Midlands although few examples have been found in North Staffordshire. Examples of pitchers and jugs have been found at Stafford Castle; Eyeswell Manor moated site in Eccleshall and Sandon deserted medieval village. Ref: Ford, D, A, 1995, ‘Medieval Pottery in Staffordshire, AD 800 – 1600: A Review’, pages 32-3.

One ceramic wheel-thrown neck sherd of probable grey-coloured Derbyshire ware, dating to the Roman period between AD 100 - 300 (thickness ranging from 15mm; weight: 19.32g). This sherd has an extremely hard, gritty fabric with a pimply surface (‘like goose-flesh petrified’), with colour varying from dark blue-grey to orange, sometimes with an irregular presence of these colours throughout the fabrics. The typical form of this ware is a jar with deep ‘bell-mouthed’ rim or rolled rim. Earlier specimens tend to have more lightly moulded rims, but this develops to a deeply dished form by the mid 3rd century. Bowls and dishes are also known in the same ware. Production commences by the mid 2nd century, but ‘pre-Derbyshire’ prototypes at Derby Racecourse kilns date from the early 2nd century AD. Production in the north generally dates from the 3rd century AD. The ware’s distribution is abundant on sites in Derbyshire, with a huge percentage at Little Chester as well as a scatter in the northern frontier zone and some specimens from Wales (Tyers, 1996, pages 190-1).

A collection of four wheel-thrown ceramic Iron-rich sandy ware decorated body sherds, dating to the 13th/ 14th century, between AD 1200 – 1400 (varying thickness: 5.5 - 18mm; collective weight: 34.0g). The sherds are in a worn but fair condition. They form part of a large collection of vessel sherds found by the finder including Iron rich sandy ware and Midlands Purple vessel sherds (see related records). Altogether, these sherds highlight a 13th/ 14th century domestic collection that appears to have been thrown into a midden dump or pit, possibly close to a settlement. The iron rich clay fabric small and abundant subangular to subrounded quartz grains with some infrequent subrounded iron ore fragments present. In some cases, voids in the fabric suggest burnt out inclusions, which may have originally been organic material. The ware is hard fired with some of the sherds beingcompletely oxidised, whilst some others have a reduced dark grey or black core. The surface of the pottery is evenly oxidised to an orange colour. The sherds have a variety of different decoration on them including rouletting, linear recessed markings and applied thumb prints. There also appears to be a yellowy green glaze on one of the sherds. In the publication listed below, D. Ford has detailed the following information: Iron-rich sandy ware is also known as sandy cooking pot fabric or reduced sandy ware. This type of ware includes a wide range of pottery: unglazed utilitarian wares mostly used as cooking pots and glazed table wares, which range from early green-glazed pitchers to the later highly decorated jugs (as well as some glazed bowls, dripping pans and small jars). The iron rich clay fabric always contains moderate to common subangular to subrounded quartz grains, and occasionally there are a few large subangular quartz fragments (up to c. 4mm). Subangular to subrounded iron ore fragments may be rarely to commonly present, with coarser fragments up to 5-6mm. In some cases, voids suggest burnt out inclusions, which may have been organic material. The ware is usually hard fired; the body may be completely oxidised, or has a reduced dark grey or black core. The surface of the pottery can be evenly oxidised to a red, orange or fawn colour, patchily oxidised, or reduced to dark brown, grey or black. The unglazed vessels (mostly cooking pots or jars) may be wheel thrown or hand-formed, with the rim finished on a slow wheel. They have simple profiles – straight-sided, barrel-shaped or globular – with a flat or slightly sagging base. These examples have a small range of everted rim forms, some of which could have taken a lid. Other vessel types include bowls, dishes, dripping pans, pipkins and cufews, although these are rare. Glaze colour can be a mottled green, a rich copper green, yellowish green or colourless, and can be hand-formed and wheel-finished, or wheel-thrown. Iron rich sandy ware has a broad date range from the 11th-14th centuries. No kiln sites have been discovered in Staffordshire, although kiln evidence has been found at Audlem, Cheshire and at Chilvers Coton nr. Nuneaton, Warwickshire. This ware is common throughout the West Midlands although few examples have been found in North Staffordshire. Examples of pitchers and jugs have been found at Stafford Castle; Eyeswell Manor moated site in Eccleshall and Sandon deserted medieval village. Ref: Ford, D, A, 1995, ‘Medieval Pottery in Staffordshire, AD 800 – 1600: A Review’, pages 32-3.

WMID-361E93: VESSEL
A collection of nine wheel-thrown ceramic Iron-rich sandy ware glazed body sherds, dating to the 13th/ 14th century, between AD 1200 – 1400 (varying thickness: 4 – 9.5mm; collective weight: 38.6g). The sherds are in a worn but fair condition. They form part of a large collection of vessel sherds found by the finder including Iron rich sandy ware and Midlands Purple vessel sherds (see related records). Altogether, these sherds highlight a 13th/ 14th century domestic collection that appears to have been thrown into a midden dump or pit, possibly close to a settlement. The iron rich clay fabric small and abundant subangular to subrounded quartz grains with some infrequent subrounded iron ore fragments present. In some cases, voids in the fabric suggest burnt out inclusions, which may have originally been organic material. The ware is hard fired with some of the sherds beingcompletely oxidised, whilst some others have a reduced dark grey or black core. The surface of the pottery is evenly oxidised to an orange colour. Most of the glaze on these sherds colour is yellowish green in colour, apart from one sherd which has a light brown glaze on one side. Additionally, one sherd has linear decoration on it. In the publication listed below, D. Ford has detailed the following information: Iron-rich sandy ware is also known as sandy cooking pot fabric or reduced sandy ware. This type of ware includes a wide range of pottery: unglazed utilitarian wares mostly used as cooking pots and glazed table wares, which range from early green-glazed pitchers to the later highly decorated jugs (as well as some glazed bowls, dripping pans and small jars). The iron rich clay fabric always contains moderate to common subangular to subrounded quartz grains, and occasionally there are a few large subangular quartz fragments (up to c. 4mm). Subangular to subrounded iron ore fragments may be rarely to commonly present, with coarser fragments up to 5-6mm. In some cases, voids suggest burnt out inclusions, which may have been organic material. The ware is usually hard fired; the body may be completely oxidised, or has a reduced dark grey or black core. The surface of the pottery can be evenly oxidised to a red, orange or fawn colour, patchily oxidised, or reduced to dark brown, grey or black. The unglazed vessels (mostly cooking pots or jars) may be wheel thrown or hand-formed, with the rim finished on a slow wheel. They have simple profiles – straight-sided, barrel-shaped or globular – with a flat or slightly sagging base. These examples have a small range of everted rim forms, some of which could have taken a lid. Other vessel types include bowls, dishes, dripping pans, pipkins and cufews, although these are rare. Glaze colour can be a mottled green, a rich copper green, yellowish green or colourless, and can be hand-formed and wheel-finished, or wheel-thrown. Iron rich sandy ware has a broad date range from the 11th-14th centuries. No kiln sites have been discovered in Staffordshire, although kiln evidence has been found at Audlem, Cheshire and at Chilvers Coton nr. Nuneaton, Warwickshire. This ware is common throughout the West Midlands although few examples have been found in North Staffordshire. Examples of pitchers and jugs have been found at Stafford Castle; Eyeswell Manor moated site in Eccleshall and Sandon deserted medieval village. Ref: Ford, D, A, 1995, ‘Medieval Pottery in Staffordshire, AD 800 – 1600: A Review’, pages 32-3.

WMID-3519E5: VESSEL
One wheel-thrown ceramic Midlands White Ware unglazed decorated rim sherd, dating to the 13th/ 14th century, between AD 1200 – 1400 (dimensions: 38mm x 28mm; thickness: 12mm; weight: 14.5g). This vessel sherd is in a worn but fair condition. It forms part of a large collection of vessel sherds found by the finder including Iron rich sandy ware and Midlands Purple vessel sherds (see related records). Altogether, these sherds highlight a 13th/ 14th century domestic collection that appears to have been thrown into a midden dump or pit, possibly close to a settlement. This sherd has a hard fired coarse fabric, which is pale orange in colour. It has a numerous quantity of subangular to subrounded quartz grains with rare subangular iron ore fragments. There also appears to be occasional linear burnt out inclusions, which may be the remains of organic material within the fabric. Additionally, there is a small area of possible black sooting, possibly from being close to a fire, on the outside of the sherd, with a decorative curled linear depression on the opposing side. In the publication listed below, D. Ford has detailed the following information: This ware is also called light-bodied sandy ware or buff/ white sandy ware. The fabric contains moderate to common subangular to subrounded quartz grains, rare to occasional subangular iron ore fragments as well as occasional burnt out inclusions, which may be organic material. There are fine and coarse groups within this ware, which is usually hard fired to a fairly even exterior of off white/ cream to pale orange salmon/ pink. Vessels can have a reduced pale to dark grey core. Poorly fired or overfired unglazed examples may be confused with iron-rich sandy ware. Vessels are usually wheelthrown and well finished, while some vessels may be hand built and wheelfinished. This ware has a range of forms: • Cooking pots and jars: usually undecorated and unglazed. Profiles are well formed, either barrel shaped or globular, with a small range of simple everted rim forms, some of which have a lid seat. • Jugs and jars, small drinking jugs and bottles: appear in a range of forms including squat, rounded and baluster shapes, generally with strap handles. The jugs are often decorated and glazed. Decoration of cooking pots, jars and jugs, where present, includes red paint and green glaze applied in untidy stripes, or an almost complete coating of green glaze over a plain or decorated body. The glaze colour can be anything from a yellowish green to a copper green. Overfired examples have purplish or dark brown glaze and brown paint stripes. Strap handles often have short, deep stabbed designs, which are as much an aid to even firing a s a decorative technique. • Dishes, small to large bowls and pancheons: these generally have straight flaring walls, flat bases and simple everted rims which are flat-topped and lipped. Some examples have combed, incised or thumb decoration. • Pipkins, dripping pans, skillets and other vessels also appear in this ware. A general date for this ware in from the late 12th – 14th century AD. A large production area for Midlands White Ware has been discovered at Chilvers Coton, nr Nuneaton in Warwickshire, as well as other kilns sites in the Sneyd Green area (Stoke-on-Trent). This ware appears throughout Staffordshire as well as other Midlands counties. Ref: Ford, D, A, 1995, ‘Medieval Pottery in Staffordshire, AD 800 – 1600: A Review’, pages 33-5.

WMID-34FA03: VESSEL
Two wheel-thrown ceramic Midlands White Ware richly glazed body sherds, dating to the 13th/ 14th century, between AD 1200 – 1400 (varying thickness from 5 - 7mm; collective weight: 18.3g). The vessel sherds are in a worn but fair condition. They form part of a large collection of vessel sherds found by the finder including Iron rich sandy ware and Midlands Purple vessel sherds (see related records). Altogether, these sherds highlight a 13th/ 14th century domestic collection that appears to have been thrown into a midden dump or pit, possibly close to a settlement. These sherds have a hard fired coarse fabric, which is pale orange or off-white in colour. Most of the sherds have a numerous quantity of subangular to subrounded quartz grains with rare subangular iron ore fragments. There also appears to be occasional linear burnt out inclusions, which may be the remains of organic material within the fabric. Most of the sherds have a rich green copper glaze on one side with ‘combing’. In the publication listed below, D. Ford has detailed the following information: This ware is also called light-bodied sandy ware or buff/ white sandy ware. The fabric contains moderate to common subangular to subrounded quartz grains, rare to occasional subangular iron ore fragments as well as occasional burnt out inclusions, which may be organic material. There are fine and coarse groups within this ware, which is usually hard fired to a fairly even exterior of off white/ cream to pale orange salmon/ pink. Vessels can have a reduced pale to dark grey core. Poorly fired or overfired unglazed examples may be confused with iron-rich sandy ware. Vessels are usually wheelthrown and well finished, while some vessels may be hand built and wheelfinished. This ware has a range of forms: • Cooking pots and jars: usually undecorated and unglazed. Profiles are well formed, either barrel shaped or globular, with a small range of simple everted rim forms, some of which have a lid seat. • Jugs and jars, small drinking jugs and bottles: appear in a range of forms including squat, rounded and baluster shapes, generally with strap handles. The jugs are often decorated and glazed. Decoration of cooking pots, jars and jugs, where present, includes red paint and green glaze applied in untidy stripes, or an almost complete coating of green glaze over a plain or decorated body. The glaze colour can be anything from a yellowish green to a copper green. Overfired examples have purplish or dark brown glaze and brown paint stripes. Strap handles often have short, deep stabbed designs, which are as much an aid to even firing a s a decorative technique. • Dishes, small to large bowls and pancheons: these generally have straight flaring walls, flat bases and simple everted rims which are flat-topped and lipped. Some examples have combed, incised or thumb decoration. • Pipkins, dripping pans, skillets and other vessels also appear in this ware. A general date for this ware in from the late 12th – 14th century AD. A large production area for Midlands White Ware has been discovered at Chilvers Coton, nr Nuneaton in Warwickshire, as well as other kilns sites in the Sneyd Green area (Stoke-on-Trent). This ware appears throughout Staffordshire as well as other Midlands counties. Ref: Ford, D, A, 1995, ‘Medieval Pottery in Staffordshire, AD 800 – 1600: A Review’, pages 33-5.

WMID-34DF16: VESSEL
A collection of fifteen wheel-thrown ceramic Midlands White Ware glazed body sherds, two base sherds and two neck sherds dating to the 13th/ 14th century, between AD 1200 – 1400 (varying thickness from 3.5 - 15mm; collective weight: 146.60g). The vessel sherds are in a worn but fair condition. They form part of a large collection of vessel sherds found by the finder including Iron rich sandy ware and Midlands Purple vessel sherds (see related records). Altogether, these sherds highlight a 13th/ 14th century domestic collection that appears to have been thrown into a midden dump or pit, possibly close to a settlement. These sherds have a hard fired coarse fabric, which is pale orange or off-white in colour with uneven and patchy areas where the vessels have been reduced to a pale to dark grey core in places. Most of the sherds have a numerous quantity of subangular to subrounded quartz grains with rare subangular iron ore fragments. There also appears to be occasional linear burnt out inclusions, which may be the remains of organic material within the fabric. Most of the sherds have a yellow/green copper glaze on one side, with some darker brown glazes on a few other pieces. In the publication listed below, D. Ford has detailed the following information: This ware is also called light-bodied sandy ware or buff/ white sandy ware. The fabric contains moderate to common subangular to subrounded quartz grains, rare to occasional subangular iron ore fragments as well as occasional burnt out inclusions, which may be organic material. There are fine and coarse groups within this ware, which is usually hard fired to a fairly even exterior of off white/ cream to pale orange salmon/ pink. Vessels can have a reduced pale to dark grey core. Poorly fired or overfired unglazed examples may be confused with iron-rich sandy ware. Vessels are usually wheelthrown and well finished, while some vessels may be hand built and wheelfinished. This ware has a range of forms: • Cooking pots and jars: usually undecorated and unglazed. Profiles are well formed, either barrel shaped or globular, with a small range of simple everted rim forms, some of which have a lid seat. • Jugs and jars, small drinking jugs and bottles: appear in a range of forms including squat, rounded and baluster shapes, generally with strap handles. The jugs are often decorated and glazed. Decoration of cooking pots, jars and jugs, where present, includes red paint and green glaze applied in untidy stripes, or an almost complete coating of green glaze over a plain or decorated body. The glaze colour can be anything from a yellowish green to a copper green. Overfired examples have purplish or dark brown glaze and brown paint stripes. Strap handles often have short, deep stabbed designs, which are as much an aid to even firing a s a decorative technique. • Dishes, small to large bowls and pancheons: these generally have straight flaring walls, flat bases and simple everted rims which are flat-topped and lipped. Some examples have combed, incised or thumb decoration. • Pipkins, dripping pans, skillets and other vessels also appear in this ware. A general date for this ware in from the late 12th – 14th century AD. A large production area for Midlands White Ware has been discovered at Chilvers Coton, nr Nuneaton in Warwickshire, as well as other kilns sites in the Sneyd Green area (Stoke-on-Trent). This ware appears throughout Staffordshire as well as other Midlands counties. Ref: Ford, D, A, 1995, ‘Medieval Pottery in Staffordshire, AD 800 – 1600: A Review’, pages 33-5.

A collection of six wheel-thrown ceramic Midlands White Ware unglazed base sherds, dating to the 13th/ 14th century, between AD 1200 – 1400 (varying thickness from 6 – 11.5mm; collective weight:58.9g). The vessel sherds are in a worn but fair condition. They form part of a large collection of vessel sherds found by the finder including Iron rich sandy ware and Midlands Purple vessel sherds (see related records). Altogether, these sherds highlight a 13th/ 14th century domestic collection that appears to have been thrown into a midden dump or pit, possibly close to a settlement. These sherds have a hard fired coarse fabric, which is pale orange, grey or off-white in colour with uneven and patchy areas where the vessels have been reduced pale to dark grey core in places. Most of the sherds have a numerous quantity of subangular to subrounded quartz grains with rare subangular iron ore fragments. There also appears to be occasional linear burnt out inclusions, which may be the remains of organic material within the fabric. In the publication listed below, D. Ford has detailed the following information: This ware is also called light-bodied sandy ware or buff/ white sandy ware. The fabric contains moderate to common subangular to subrounded quartz grains, rare to occasional subangular iron ore fragments as well as occasional burnt out inclusions, which may be organic material. There are fine and coarse groups within this ware, which is usually hard fired to a fairly even exterior of off white/ cream to pale orange salmon/ pink. Vessels can have a reduced pale to dark grey core. Poorly fired or overfired unglazed examples may be confused with iron-rich sandy ware. Vessels are usually wheelthrown and well finished, while some vessels may be hand built and wheelfinished. This ware has a range of forms: • Cooking pots and jars: usually undecorated and unglazed. Profiles are well formed, either barrel shaped or globular, with a small range of simple everted rim forms, some of which have a lid seat. • Jugs and jars, small drinking jugs and bottles: appear in a range of forms including squat, rounded and baluster shapes, generally with strap handles. The jugs are often decorated and glazed. Decoration of cooking pots, jars and jugs, where present, includes red paint and green glaze applied in untidy stripes, or an almost complete coating of green glaze over a plain or decorated body. The glaze colour can be anything from a yellowish green to a copper green. Overfired examples have purplish or dark brown glaze and brown paint stripes. Strap handles often have short, deep stabbed designs, which are as much an aid to even firing a s a decorative technique. • Dishes, small to large bowls and pancheons: these generally have straight flaring walls, flat bases and simple everted rims which are flat-topped and lipped. Some examples have combed, incised or thumb decoration. • Pipkins, dripping pans, skillets and other vessels also appear in this ware. A general date for this ware in from the late 12th – 14th century AD. A large production area for Midlands White Ware has been discovered at Chilvers Coton, nr Nuneaton in Warwickshire, as well as other kilns sites in the Sneyd Green area (Stoke-on-Trent). This ware appears throughout Staffordshire as well as other Midlands counties. Ref: Ford, D, A, 1995, ‘Medieval Pottery in Staffordshire, AD 800 – 1600: A Review’, pages 33-5.

A collection of sixty-five wheel-thrown ceramic Midlands White Ware unglazed body sherds, dating to the 13th/ 14th century, between AD 1200 – 1400 (varying thickness from 4 - 12mm; collective weight: exceeds weight limit of scales). The vessel sherds are in a worn but fair condition. They form part of a large collection of vessel sherds found by the finder including Iron rich sandy ware and Midlands Purple vessel sherds (see related records). Altogether, these sherds highlight a 13th/ 14th century domestic collection that appears to have been thrown into a midden dump or pit, possibly close to a settlement. These sherds have a hard fired coarse fabric, which is pale orange in colour with uneven and patchy areas where the vessels have been reduced pale to dark grey core in places. Most of the sherds have a numerous quantity of subangular to subrounded quartz grains with rare subangular iron ore fragments. There also appears to be occasional linear burnt out inclusions, which may be the remains of organic material within the fabric. In the publication listed below, D. Ford has detailed the following information: This ware is also called light-bodied sandy ware or buff/ white sandy ware. The fabric contains moderate to common subangular to subrounded quartz grains, rare to occasional subangular iron ore fragments as well as occasional burnt out inclusions, which may be organic material. There are fine and coarse groups within this ware, which is usually hard fired to a fairly even exterior of off white/ cream to pale orange salmon/ pink. Vessels can have a reduced pale to dark grey core. Poorly fired or overfired unglazed examples may be confused with iron-rich sandy ware. Vessels are usually wheelthrown and well finished, while some vessels may be hand built and wheelfinished. This ware has a range of forms: • Cooking pots and jars: usually undecorated and unglazed. Profiles are well formed, either barrel shaped or globular, with a small range of simple everted rim forms, some of which have a lid seat. • Jugs and jars, small drinking jugs and bottles: appear in a range of forms including squat, rounded and baluster shapes, generally with strap handles. The jugs are often decorated and glazed. Decoration of cooking pots, jars and jugs, where present, includes red paint and green glaze applied in untidy stripes, or an almost complete coating of green glaze over a plain or decorated body. The glaze colour can be anything from a yellowish green to a copper green. Overfired examples have purplish or dark brown glaze and brown paint stripes. Strap handles often have short, deep stabbed designs, which are as much an aid to even firing a s a decorative technique. • Dishes, small to large bowls and pancheons: these generally have straight flaring walls, flat bases and simple everted rims which are flat-topped and lipped. Some examples have combed, incised or thumb decoration. • Pipkins, dripping pans, skillets and other vessels also appear in this ware. A general date for this ware in from the late 12th – 14th century AD. A large production area for Midlands White Ware has been discovered at Chilvers Coton, nr Nuneaton in Warwickshire, as well as other kilns sites in the Sneyd Green area (Stoke-on-Trent). This ware appears throughout Staffordshire as well as other Midlands counties. Ref: Ford, D, A, 1995, ‘Medieval Pottery in Staffordshire, AD 800 – 1600: A Review’, pages 33-5.

A collection of four wheel-thrown ceramic Midlands Purple body sherds (one of which is slightly glazed) and two rim sherds, dating to the late 14th/ 15th century, between AD 1350 – 1500 (varying thickness from 5.5 - 10mm; collective weight: 100.2g). The vessel sherds are in a slightly worn and fair condition. They form part of a large collection of vessel sherds found by the finder including Iron rich sandy ware and Midlands White Ware vessel sherds (see related records). Altogether, these sherds highlight a 13th/ 14th century domestic collection that appears to have been thrown into a midden dump or pit, possibly close to a settlement. The fabric of these sherds consists of an iron-rich clay containing common fine quartz grains, occasional larger quartz grains and rare to moderate subrounded iron ore fragments. The fabric is a partially oxidised/ reduced very hard fired earthenware or even a stoneware, varying in colour from dark ornage/ red to dark grey or bluey grey. In the publication listed below, D. Ford has detailed the following information: This fabric is very hard fired and continues in manufacture until the 18th century AD. The fabric consists of an iron-rich clay containing common fine quartz grains, occasional larger quartz grains and rare to moderate subrounded iron ore fragments. The fabric is a partially oxidised/ reduced very hard fired earthenware or even a stoneware, varying in colour from mottled salmony pink to dark grey or bluey grey. This ware is wheelthrown. Midlands Purple ware comes in a variety of forms, including pitchers, jugs, barrel-shaped storage jars, bowls as the main forms, as well as smaller jugs, bottles, cisterns, urinals, dripping pans, chafing dishes, skillets, pipkins, kiln furniture and crucible and mortar fragments. Where present, the glaze is usually patchy and sporadic and appears green on the oxidised fabric and vitrified purple on the reduced. Strap handles are generally joined to the body of the pot with heavy thumbing. Decoration is uncommon. It is generally accepted that the earliest appearance of Midlands Purple ware is in the late 14th – 15th centuries. In North Staffordshire, dating is provided by well-stratified deposits at Swan Bank, Burslem. Even though there have been no medieval kilns producing this ware uncovered in Staffordshire, an extensive pottery production centre was established at Ticknall, Derbyshire in the late 15th century. At Oakeswell Hall in Wednesbury, it is also thought that wasters of Midlands Purple indicated a kiln very close by. Other wasters have been found at a different location in Burslem as metioned above, Hanley and Hulton Abbey, and at Bradwell Farm, Newcastle-under-Lyme. Midlands Purple ware is commonly found throughout Staffordshire and other parts of the Midlands. Distinctive products of the Wednesbury industry have been found in south and mid Staffordshire and north Warwickshire. Ref: Ford, D, A, 1995, ‘Medieval Pottery in Staffordshire, AD 800 – 1600: A Review’, pages 35-6.

A collection of ten wheel-thrown ceramic Midlands White Ware rim unglazed sherds, dating to the 13th/ 14th century, between AD 1200 – 1400 (varying thickness from 11 – 15.5mm; collective weight: 149.63g). The vessel sherds are in a slightly worn and fair condition with a variety of rim forms. They form part of a large collection of vessel sherds found by the finder including Iron rich sandy ware and Midlands Purple vessel sherds (see related records). Altogether, these sherds highlight a 13th/ 14th century domestic collection that appears to have been thrown into a midden dump or pit, possibly close to a settlement. There sherds have a hard fired coarse fabric, which is pale orange in colour with uneven and patchy areas where the vessels have been reduced pale to dark grey core in places. Most of the sherds have a numerous quantity of subangular to subrounded quartz grains with rare subangular iron ore fragments. There also appears to be occasional linear burnt out inclusions, which may be the remains of organic material within the fabric. In the publication listed below, D. Ford has detailed the following information: This ware is also called light-bodied sandy ware or buff/ white sandy ware. The fabric contains moderate to common subangular to subrounded quartz grains, rare to occasional subangular iron ore fragments as well as occasional burnt out inclusions, which may be organic material. There are fine and coarse groups within this ware, which is usually hard fired to a fairly even exterior of off white/ cream to pale orange salmon/ pink. Vessels can have a reduced pale to dark grey core. Poorly fired or overfired unglazed examples may be confused with iron-rich sandy ware. Vessels are usually wheelthrown and well finished, while some vessels may be hand built and wheelfinished. This ware has a range of forms: • Cooking pots and jars: usually undecorated and unglazed. Profiles are well formed, either barrel shaped or globular, with a small range of simple everted rim forms, some of which have a lid seat. • Jugs and jars, small drinking jugs and bottles: appear in a range of forms including squat, rounded and baluster shapes, generally with strap handles. The jugs are often decorated and glazed. Decoration of cooking pots, jars and jugs, where present, includes red paint and green glaze applied in untidy stripes, or an almost complete coating of green glaze over a plain or decorated body. The glaze colour can be anything from a yellowish green to a copper green. Overfired examples have purplish or dark brown glaze and brown paint stripes. Strap handles often have short, deep stabbed designs, which are as much an aid to even firing a s a decorative technique. • Dishes, small to large bowls and pancheons: these generally have straight flaring walls, flat bases and simple everted rims which are flat-topped and lipped. Some examples have combed, incised or thumb decoration. • Pipkins, dripping pans, skillets and other vessels also appear in this ware. A general date for this ware in from the late 12th – 14th century AD. A large production area for Midlands White Ware has been discovered at Chilvers Coton, nr Nuneaton in Warwickshire, as well as other kilns sites in the Sneyd Green area (Stoke-on-Trent). This ware appears throughout Staffordshire as well as other Midlands counties. Ref: Ford, D, A, 1995, ‘Medieval Pottery in Staffordshire, AD 800 – 1600: A Review’, pages 33-5.

A collection of four wheel-thrown ceramic Midlands White Ware jug handles, dating to the 13th/ 14th century, between AD 1200 – 1400 (varying thickness from 5-31mm; collective weight: 156.82g). The vessel sherds are in a slightly worn and fair condition and are part of a large collection of vessel sherds found by the finder including Iron rich sandy ware and Midlands Purple vessel sherds (see related records). Altogether, these sherds highlight a 13th/ 14th century domestic collection that appears to have been thrown into a midden dump or pit, possibly close to a settlement. These sherds have a hard fired coarse fabric, which is pale orange in colour with uneven and patchy areas where the vessels have been reduced pale to dark grey core in places. The largest jug handle sherd, in particular, has a numerous quantity of subangular to subrounded quartz grains with rare subangular iron ore fragments. There also appears to be occasional linear burnt out inclusions, which may be the remains of organic material within the fabric. In the publication listed below, D. Ford has detailed the following information: This ware is also called light-bodied sandy ware or buff/ white sandy ware. The fabric contains moderate to common subangular to subrounded quartz grains, rare to occasional subangular iron ore fragments as well as occasional burnt out inclusions, which may be organic material. There are fine and coarse groups within this ware, which is usually hard fired to a fairly even exterior of off white/ cream to pale orange salmon/ pink. Vessels can have a reduced pale to dark grey core. Poorly fired or overfired unglazed examples may be confused with iron-rich sandy ware. Vessels are usually wheelthrown and well finished, while some vessels may be hand built and wheelfinished. This ware has a range of forms: • Cooking pots and jars: usually undecorated and unglazed. Profiles are well formed, either barrel shaped or globular, with a small range of simple everted rim forms, some of which have a lid seat. • Jugs and jars, small drinking jugs and bottles: appear in a range of forms including squat, rounded and baluster shapes, generally with strap handles. The jugs are often decorated and glazed. Decoration of cooking pots, jars and jugs, where present, includes red paint and green glaze applied in untidy stripes, or an almost complete coating of green glaze over a plain or decorated body. The glaze colour can be anything from a yellowish green to a copper green. Overfired examples have purplish or dark brown glaze and brown paint stripes. Strap handles often have short, deep stabbed designs, which are as much an aid to even firing a s a decorative technique. • Dishes, small to large bowls and pancheons: these generally have straight flaring walls, flat bases and simple everted rims which are flat-topped and lipped. Some examples have combed, incised or thumb decoration. • Pipkins, dripping pans, skillets and other vessels also appear in this ware. A general date for this ware in from the late 12th – 14th century AD. A large production area for Midlands White Ware has been discovered at Chilvers Coton, nr Nuneaton in Warwickshire, as well as other kilns sites in the Sneyd Green area (Stoke-on-Trent). This ware appears throughout Staffordshire as well as other Midlands counties. Ref: Ford, D, A, 1995, ‘Medieval Pottery in Staffordshire, AD 800 – 1600: A Review’, pages 33-5.

WMID-1FF514: COIN
An incomplete struck/ hammered copper alloy sestertius of Faustina II (Junior), Lucilla or Crispina, dating to the 2nd century AD, between AD 147 - 200 (diameter: 29mm; thickness: 4.5mm; weight: 15.0g). The coin is in a worn and corroded condition. Mattingly, H & Sydenham, E, A, 1930, ‘The Roman Imperial Coinage Volume III: Antoninus Piue to Commodus’.

WMID-1FDDB1: COIN
A complete struck/ hammered copper alloy sestertius of Marcus Aurelius (possibly), possibly minted between AD 139 - 180 (diameter: 32mm; thickness: 3.5mm; weight: 15.8g). The coin is in a worn and corroded condition. Mattingly, H & Sydenham, E, A, 1930, ‘The Roman Imperial Coinage Volume III: Antoninus Piue to Commodus’.

WMID-1FADE7: COIN
A complete struck/ hammered copper alloy sestertius of Commodus, minted in Rome (probably) between AD 184-5 (diameter: 29mm; thickness: 3.5mm; weight: 17.6g). The coin is in a worn but fair condition. Ref: Mattingly, H & Sydenham, E, A, 1930, ‘The Roman Imperial Coinage Volume III: Antoninus Piue to Commodus’, page 417, ref no 449.

WMID-1F5423: COIN
A slightly incomplete struck/ hammered copper alloy sestertius of Marcus Aurelius (probably), probably minted between AD 139 - 180 (diameter: 30.5mm; thickness: 4mm; weight: 18.3g). The coin is in a worn and poor condition. Mattingly, H & Sydenham, E, A, 1930, ‘The Roman Imperial Coinage Volume III: Antoninus Piue to Commodus’.

WMID-1EB478: COIN
A complete struck/ hammered copper alloy sestertius of Lucilla (possibly), possibly minted between AD 164-9 (diameter: 30.5mm; thickness: 4mm; weight: 20.4g). The coin is in a worn and corroded condition. Ref: Mattingly, H & Sydenham, E, A, 1930, ‘The Roman Imperial Coinage Volume III: Antoninus Piue to Commodus'.

WMID-1E84D2: COIN
A sestertius of Lucilla, minted between AD 164-9 (diameter: 31mm; thickness: 4mm; weight: 17.6g). The coin is in a worn but fair condition. CONCORDIA SC reverse. Mint of Rome. RIC III, p. 352, no. 1732. Ref: Mattingly, H & Sydenham, E, A, 1930, 'The Roman Imperial Coinage Volume III: Antoninus Piue to Commodus', page 274, ref no 759.

WMID-F62640: BUCKLE
An incomplete cast copper alloy double-looped framed buckle with enamel, dating to the Post Medieval period, between AD 1600 – 1750 (length: 52mm; width: 37mm; thickness: 3.5mm; weight: 13.62g). A flat-sectioned double-looped framed buckle with moulded scrollwork decoration in the form of eight ‘S’ shaped swirls regularly balanced on the front side of the buckle only. The field/ area around the scrollwork still have a large amount of blue enamel remaining . The ‘S’ features may once have had a different colour enamel, but they are devoid of colour with their shapes outlined by the blue. The back of the buckle is flat and undecorated. The pin is completely missing, although the strap bar in the centre remains. Overall, the artefact is in a worn but fair condition with very little of the original green patina remaining. Another Post Medieval buckle with enamelled decoration has bee recorded with the Portable Antiquities Scheme (NMS-7A0C87) and was found at Ashmanhaugh in Norfolk.

WMID-F5BE63: WEIGHT
A complete cast lead alloy trading weight, dating to the Medieval period, between AD 1300 – 1500 (diameter: 36mm; thickness: 5.5mm; weight: 54.01g). A flat-sectioned circular weight with a slight rim/ border around the outside edge on both sides. Only one side of the artefact is decorated with a double-concentric circle (outer diameter: 19.5mm; inner diameter: 15.5mm; width between circles: 1mm). It is difficult to identify if there is further detail within the circles. The artefact is in a worn but fair condition. Similar examples are illustrated in Biggs, N & Withers, P, 2000, ‘Lead Weights: The David Rogers Collection’, page 25, ref nos 44-48, described as ‘two ounces?’. Biggs & Withers state (page 22) that this concentric circular design is ‘very easy to produce when casting round lead weights and consists of one or more circles placed centrally. The Rogers Collection contained several examples of this design. It is clear that these specimens are related by their design, not necessarily by function or date. The ‘two-ounce’ denomination appears to form the majority, but this may be a coincidence.’

WMID-A0DAF4: MOUNT
An incomplete cast copper alloy probable mount of clasp, probably dating to the Post Medieval period, between AD 1550 – 1700 (length: 20mm; width: 17.5mm; thickness: 1.5mm; weight: 2.5g). A flat-sectioned square mount with two incomplete and opposing inward curving clasps or hooks (length: 5mm; width: 6.5mm) at the back. There is no decoration on the artefact, which is in a worn and corroded condition with a patchy dark green patina.

WMID-9FAB30: BUCKLE
An incomplete cast copper alloy oval framed buckle with composite sheet rigid plate, dating to the 14th/ 15th century, between AD 1350 – 1450 (length: 29.5mm; width at buckle: 14.5mm; width at plate: 10mm; thickness: 3.5mm; weight: 2.1g). This small oval buckle has a triangular lip protruding in the centre of the outside edge and is D-shaped in side section. There is no other decoration on the buckle and the pin is completely missing. The integral forked spacer is visible between the corroded (also suffering from bronze disease) and worn separate sheets that still remain on either side (one is more complete than the other), and has a notch for the missing pin at the front. Overall, the buckle and composite plate are in worn and poor condition with a dark green patina. Similar examples are illustrated in Egan, G & Pritchard, F, 2002 edition, ‘Medieval Finds from Excavations in London: 3: Dress Accessories c. 1150 – c. 1450’, pages 78-82, figs 48-9, ref nos 322 - 330. Egan & Pritchard state (page 80) that ‘these buckles with their distinctive composite plates seem to have been a widespread mid 14th – to early 15th-century form in this country…..Buckles of this style may have come gradually to supersede those with ornate outside edges and folded plates as the top of the range of mass-produced buckles, following a period in the late 14th century when both forms appear to have been in use…..The rarity of comparable examples on the continent led Fingerlin to identify them as a specifically English form.’

A complete but slghtly clipped struck/ hammered silver halfgroat of Elizabeth I, minted as part of the Third Issue of coinage in London between AD 1582/3 - 1583 (diameter: 15.6mm; thickness: 0.5mm; weight: 1.0g). Mintmark: Bell. The coin is in a slightly worn but good condition. Ref: North, J, J, 1991, 'English Hammered Coinage Volume 2: Edward I to Charles II 1272 - 1662', page 137, ref no 2016.

WMID-9EC877: COIN
A slightly incomplete struck/ hammered possible copper farthing of James I or Charles I, possibly minted between AD 1603 - 1649 (diameter: 11.5mm; thickness: 0.2mm; weight: 0.2g). No clear details survives on either side and the coin is in a corroded and worn condition.

WMID-9EA885: COIN
A complete struck/ hammered silver halfgroat of Elizabeth I, minted in London as part of the Third Issue of coinage between AD 1587 - 1589/90 (diameter: 16mm; thickness: 0.5mm; weight: 0.7g). Mintmark: Crescent. The coin is in a worn but fair condition. Ref: North, J, J, 1991, 'English Hammered Coinage Volume 2: Edward I to Charles II 1272 - 1662', page 137, ref no 2016.

WMID-78DFF1: STRAP END
An incomplete cast copper alloy possible strap end, possibly dating to the Early Medieval period, between AD 500 - 1066 (length: 31mm; width: 8mm; thickness: 3mm; weight: 2.11g). The possible strap end is sub-rectangular in plan with a mostly flat side section apart from a slightly raised hump or protrusion half way down the length of the artefact, which possibly resembles an animal's head, although it is too worn to be certain. At one end of the artefact, there appears to be a complete, straight and flat terminal, while the opposing end is incomplete, corroded and rounded in plan. The back of the possible strap end is flat. Overall, the artefact is in a worn and corroded condition with a light green/ brown patina.

WMID-78AB45: HOOKED TAG
An incomplete sheet copper alloy hooked tag, dating to the Early Medieval period, between AD 700 - 900 (length: 19.5mm; width: 12mm; thickness: 0.5mm; weight: 0.30g). The hooked tag has an incomplete pear-shaped plate with a flat side section. At the top of the artefact, only part of the two rivet holes in the left and right corners remain (approximate diameter of rivet holes: 3mm) with the rivets completely absent. Down the centre of the tag, there are two holes with rings round them ('ring and dot'), one irregularly placed below the other (diameter of holes: 1mm; diameter of surrounding ring: 4mm). The outside edges of the artefact gently slope inwards and terminate with the incomplete stem of the hook (length: 5mm; width: 1mm; thickness: 1mm) at the bottom. The tag is in a worn and corroded condition with a light green patina. Similar examples are illustrated in MacGregor, A & Bolick, E, 1993, 'A Summary Catalogue of the Anglo-Saxon Collections (Non-Ferrous Metals)' in the Ashmolean Museum, Oxford, page 190, ref nos 32.1-32.5. MacGregor & Bolick state that these artefacts 'performed a range of functions in fastening clothing, headgear, or indeed bags and purses. A funerary role as shroud-hooks is also possible for some examples'. The early sheet copper alloy examples are 'so flimsy that they could have withstood hardly any strain.'

WMID-77DC30: SEAL MATRIX
A slightly incomplete cast copper alloy circular personal seal, dating to the 14th century AD (length: 27mm; diameter at base: 19mm; width of handle: 7.5mm; thickness of suspension loop: 6mm; weight: 10.17g). At the top of the seal, there is a flat and corroded circular suspension loop, with a circular suspension hole (inner diameter of loop/hole: 3mm), which would have originally enabled the seal to be extended from a belt or possibly around the neck. There are two corroded ribs running across the upper width of the stem of the seal immediately underneath the suspension loop before the hexagonal stem extends and splays outwards towards the circular base of the artefact. At the base of the seal, the inscription around the outside edge is difficult to distinguish in places although some of the lettering can still be seen: [ +]A[LL]AS IE SV [PI]S with the translation 'Alas! I am caught'. In the centre of the matrix there is a hawk preying upon another bird. The artefact is in a worn and corroded condition with a dark green patina. An identical example is illustrated in Tonnochy, A, B, 1952, 'Catalogue of British Seal-Dies in the British Museum', page 152 & plate XVI, ref no 748.

WMID-76E597: VESSEL
A complete cast copper alloy cauldron leg, dating to the 15th/ 16th century AD (length: 51.5mm; width at base: 62mm; thickness at base: 31mm; weight: 212.01g). This large rectangular-sectioned large paw-shaped cauldron leg/ foot has well pronounced ‘toes’ down the length of the artefact, from the top down to the base. The central ‘toe’ is highly pronounced (width: 11mm; height: approximately 9mm). The artefact slants foward in length as well as having a slanted and uneven base. The thickness and width of the leg/ foot also expand in size towards the base. The artefact is in a very worn, corroded and pitted condition with a dark green patina. Similar examples are illustrated in Egan's 'The Medieval Household: Medieval Finds from Excavations in London', 1998, pages 164 & 166, ref no 460, dating to the 15th century. Another elaborate example appears in Margeson's 'Norwich Households: Medieval and Post-Medieval Finds from Norwich Survey Excavations 1971-78', 1993, pages 92-3, ref no 570,and dates to the 16th/ 17th century AD.

WMID-76A064: FINGER RING
A complete cast copper alloy ring, probably dating to the Post Medieval period between AD 1600 – 1900 (diameter: 22.5mm; thickness of metal: 1.5mm; weight: 3.96g). The ring has a circular and rectangular-sectioned hoop which expands into a large but flat sub-rectangular bezel (length: 15.5mm; approximate width of bezel: 18mm). At either side of the neck of the bezel, there is a singular chevron pointing to upwards and to the centre of the bezel. Additionally, there is a singular incised line (running down the length of the bezel) either side of an irregularly incised diamond in the centre of the bezel. There is no other decoration on the artefact. Overall, the ring is in a slightly worn and fair condition with small areas of bronze disease on the hoop and a dark green patina.

WMID-D00551: BUCKLE
An incomplete oval framed buckle with separately attached sheet copper alloy plate, dating to the 13th-14th century, between AD 1250 - 1400 (length: 40mm; width of buckle frame: 26.5mm; width of buckle plate: 18mm; thickness of buckle: 8mm; thickness of buckle plate: 1mm; combined weight: 6.7g). The buckle frame, pin and buckle plate are no longer attached to one another, but were found together. The oval buckle has an ornate outside edge which protrudes and tapers at each side to form pointed terminals. In the centre of the outside edge, there is a narrow sheet roller with parallel grooves (length: 6.5mm; width: 6mm). The sides of the buckle frame are trapezoidal in side section, are without any decoration and curve outwards. The bar is off-set and narrowed, with slightly pointed protrusions to either end. The cast copper alloy pin, although now detached, is complete and flat in side section. At the end, the artefact is curved where it would have originally wound around the bar on the buckle frame. In plan, the pin tapers to a point at the opposing terminal end. There are slight casting ridges along both sides of the length of the pin. Only one side of the incomplete and undecorated sheet copper alloy buckle plate remains, and would have originally been square or rectangular in plan. The plate is recessed for the buckle frame and has a recessed hole/ groove where the pin would have sat when attached. There are two rivet holes to the left and right immediately after the recess for the pin (one incomplete and none of the rivets survive) with a diameter of 1mm. The buckle plate is broken 10mm after the rivet holes. Overall, all three parts of the buckle and plate are in a slightly worn but fair condition with a dark green patina. A similar example is illustrated in Egan, G & Pritchard, F, 2002, 'Medieval Finds from Excavations in London: 3: Dress Accessories c. 1150 - c. 1450', pages 76-7, ref no 317.

WMID-CFEF53: BROOCH
A complete cast copper alloy annular brooch, dating to the 13th/ 14th century AD (diameter of brooch frame: 28mm; thickness of frame: 3mm; length of pin: 30mm; width of pin: 3mm; thickness/ depth of pin: 3mm; weight: 7.1g). The brooch frame and pin are plain and undecorated with a D-shaped section and small constriction/ recess (width: 3.5mm) along the frame for the complete pin to curve and secured around. At the opposing side of the brooch frame, there is a slight indentation, which has also worn during to continued use of the artifact as an item of dress. The pin is circular in side section and continues to be the same width and thickness to the terminal end. Overall, the brooch is in a worn but fair condition with a dark green patina. A similar example is illustrated in Egan, G & Pritchard, F, 2002, ‘Medieval Finds from Excavations in London: 3: Dress Accessories c. 1150 – c. 1450’, pages 248-9, ref no 249. However, this illustrated example has a tapering pin, which terminates in a point.

WMID-CE6A76: ARROWHEAD
An incomplete cast copper alloy barbed and tanged arrowhead, dating to the Bronze Age, between 2150 - 800 BC (length: 42mm; width at barbs: 28mm; thickness: 2mm; weight: 7.67g). The haft end of a flat arrowhead with bevelled blade edges to the left and right on the outside of the barbs, which is also visible on both sides of the artefact. The barbs are both broken but have a surviving length of 5mm (measured at the longest surviving barb), a width of 7mm with a thickness of 2mm. The outside blade edges of the arrowhead slant inwards to taper towards the blade tip, which is no longer present as approximately 20mm of the artefact is now missing. On one side of the arrowhead, the notches between the tang and the barbs are facetted with a recession of 6mm. The slightly incomplete (due to corrosion) sub-rectangular and flat tang, which tapers to a thin rounded point at the tip is 19mm long, 9.5mm wide and 2mm thick, with the outside edges down the length of the tang also slightly bevelled. The arrowhead is in a slightly worn but good condition with a light brown patina, although there are numerous tiny scratches on both sides, which appear to have been done recently, possibly due to cleaning. An identical example has already been recorded on the Portable Antiquities Scheme database by Dr Helen Geake (SF6680), and was found by metal detecting in Bradfield Combust with Stanningfield in Suffolk. Dr. Geake states that the Suffolk example also has the notches between the tang and the barbs on one side only, which suggests that that the artefact 'may be cast rather than created as a secondary process. If this is the case, the object must have been manufactured as an arrowhead rather than being made as a secondary process from a fragment of another artefact; this makes it extremely rare'. Dr. Geake also states that 'tanged (usually with barbs) copper-alloy arrowheads are known from the late bronze Age in Britain and western Europe, though they are rare'. However, the Suffolk example, according to Dr. Geake, is more in common wit early Bronze Age forms and may be of this date, which at the time of writing the Suffolk record, would make it the only Early Bronze Age example known from Britain, therefore making this example also incredibly rare. Other examples are also illustrated in Watson, P, J, 1993, 'Catalogue of British and European Prehistoric metalwork in Birmingham City Museums', page 11, ref no 90, found in Britain but with no provenance, as well as page 26, ref nos 328 (found at the Swiss Lakes; no provenance); 329 (found at Lake Neuchatel) and 330 (found at the Swiss Lakes: no provenance).

WMID-B76646: BROOCH
An incomplete cast copper alloy Colchester Two Piece Dolphin brooch, dating to the 1st/ 2nd century AD (length: 61mm; width at wings: 31.5mm; thickness/ depth: 17.5mm; weight: 18.9g). At the top of the brooch, there appears to be the stumped remains of a rearward claw that would have originally extended outwards towards the spring (now missing) behind the wings. From the head of the brooch and continuing down the arched bow to the bottom of the bow/ foot, there is a single protruding ridge down the centre with small irregular incised markings across its with. These decorative markings are difficult to distinguish further down the bow, and may be absent altogether. At more than halfway down, the bow is bent and slants to the right side. To either side of the head, the long, flat and semi-cylindrical wings protrude out down the sides by approximately 11mm each side. Both wings are decorated with a slightly recessed rib of linear decoration crossing across the front of the wings from the top left to the bottom right. Each rib is further decorated with multiple (approximately twenty) incised markings running across the width of the feature. There is no other decoration on the front of this brooch. At the back of the brooch, there is a hollow recesses cavity behind the wings where the copper alloy or iron spring mechanism would have originally been held. The pin is also missing. Below the head of the brooch, there is a prominent bulge, which is a common feature with Polden Hill brooches too. The back of the bow is undecorated, and most of the integral and sub-triangular copper alloy catch plate survives, which terminates to a point at the end of the bow. Lastly, the catch plate is slightly decorated with a scratched/ incised zig-zag line, running down the area where the bow meets the catch plate, as well as continuing along both of the outside edges of the catch plate. Overall, the brooch is in a slightly worn but fair condition with a dark green patina. A similar example is illustrated in Hattatt, R, 1985, ‘Iron Age & Roman Brooches’, pages 73 & 75, ref no 352, found in Lincolnshire.

WMID-3A3C71: FINGER RING
A complete cast copper alloy seal finger ring, probably dating to the Medieval period, between AD 1300-1500 (outer diameter of hoop: 27mm; width of hoop: 4mm; thickness of hoop: 2mm; diameter of bezel: 4.5mm; thickness of bezel: 1mm; weight: 6.82g). The ring has an undecorated and large (possibly belonging to a man) circular D-sectioned hoop with a standard thickness all the way round. At the top of outside edge of the hoop, a sub-circular and flat-sectioned bezel has been separately attached with a curved and Lombardic style 'M' recessed on the front/ upper side, with a recessed crown immediately above the letter. There are also numerous scratch marks on the front of the bezel, particularly around the outside edge. There is no decoration on the underside of the bezel. Overall, the artefact is in a slightly worn but fair condition with a dark brown patina.

WMID-38DE25: BROOCH
A fragment of a cast copper alloy symmetrical plate brooch of probable continental origin, dating to the Roman period, between AD 200 – 400 (length: 28mm; width: 19mm; thickness at plate: 2mm; thickness at hinge: 3.5mm; weight: 3.90g). Only part of the top of the brooch remains. At the top, the neck of an incomplete flat-sectioned and narrow finial is still partly visible with a single rib below, where traces of a hinge mechanism can still be seen at the same place, but on the back of the brooch. The neck/ finial of the brooch then slants upwards/ outwards at a 45º angle to extend outwards at the sides to form the incomplete sub-square and flat-sectioned plate. The central plate is decorated with the remains of four sub-triangular cells radiating outwards at opposing angles either side of four sub-rectangular cells. These cells still contain turquoise and red coloured cells in the following formation: • A single red enamelled sub-triangular cell in each of the four corners of the plate. • Two turquoise enamelled sub-triangular cells at the top and bottom, in between the outer red enamelled corner cells. • The middle row of sub-rectangular cells have turquoise enamel in the end cells to either side, with two red enamelled cells in the centre. The central plate of the brooch is broken and corroded to the left, right and immediately below this enamelled decoration, so only the top and central part of the artefact remain. The back of the plate is flat and undecorated. Overall, the brooch fragment is in a worn and corroded condition, with small areas of bronze disease on the back of the top finial and partial hinge mechanism. The artefact has a dark green patina. Similar examples are illustrated in Hattatt, R, 1985, ‘Iron Age and Roman Brooches’, pages 153-155, particularly ref no 555, which was found in East Anglia. Other examples are illustrated in Bayley, J & Butcher, S, 2004, 'Roman Brooches in Britain: A Technological and Typological Study based on the Richborough Collection', pages 126-7, particularly ref no 362, which was found at the Richborough Roman fort. Bayley and Butcher state that these equal-ended symmetrical plate brooches are of continental origin.

WMID-E60F96: BROOCH
An incomplete cast copper alloy Colchester Two Piece Trumpet brooch with a possible black lacquer coating, dating to the 1st/ 2nd century AD (length: 43mm; width at head: 13mm; thickness/ depth: 22mm; weight: 10.9g). At the top of the head, this is the stumped and corroded remains of an integral suspension loop (a common feature on Trumpet brooches). The head is sub-oval in plan, but then tapers inwards to form a lozenge-sectioned neck or bow. Approximately 9mm below the head, there is a triangular recess along the bow where there are still remains of red enamel in the cavity. Immediately below this feature, there is a single ridge running across the width of the bow, with the largest rib or button decoration below that, which consists of a ridge either side of a linear band of crude incised markings which occur length-wise. In between this rib/ button and a lower similar decoration, there is a slight sub-rectangular recess/ cavity, also with the remains of red enamel inside. After the second similar rib/ button decoration, there is a final single ridge to finish this series of moulded decoration. The bottom of the bow is slightly decorated with a single groove running down the length of the outer edge, with two grooved lines running down the centre towards the foot. The foot is flat with a single grooved line immediately above, running across the brooch's width. At the back of the brooch, there are visible remains of a cast copper alloy axis bar with the copper alloy spring mechanism wound round it, which itself has 3/4 turns to the srping still visible. The back of the bow is flat and without any decoration. There is also remains of an short and incomplete copper alloy catch plate, which would have originally held the pin in place (now missing). The catch plate is broken and corroded along the outside edge and would have originally curved round to one side. Overall, the brooch is in a worn but fair condition, with the greatest amount of corrosion present around the head and spring.

WMID-E603A6: BROOCH
A fragment of a cast copper alloy Colchester Two Piece Trumpet brooch, dating to the 1st/ 2nd century AD (length: 27mm; width [diameter] at head: 12mm; thickness/ depth: 13.5mm; weight: 5.1g). At the top of the head, this is the stumped and corroded remains of an integral suspension loop (a common feature on Trumpet brooches). The head is circular in plan, but then tapers inwards to form a sub-triangular sectioned neck, with a slight ridge down the length in the centre, which in turn forms the top of the arched bow of the brooch. At approximately 8mm from the head of the brooch, there is a series of moulded decorations in the form of three sets of two parallel ribs or buttons running across the width of the bow, the two parallel central buttons being the largest (length: 4mm; width: 9mm). All ribs/ buttons, apart from the two to either side of and closest to the central pair are additionally decorated with crude and irregular small linear markings that run down the features length. None of the ribs/ buttons continue round to the back of the bow. The bow and bottom of the brooch is broken 3mm below the lowest of these ribs/ buttons. At the back of the head, there are the remains of an iron axis bar and spring mechanism. Due to the large amount of iron corrosion, it is difficult to identify how many turns are in the spring. The pin is also completely missing and there is no decoration on the back of the artefact. Overall, the brooch fragment is in a worn but fair condition with a light green patina.

WMID-E5F925: BROOCH
A fragment of a cast copper alloy Roman brooch of Colchester derivative Polden Hill (Mackreth Group 4, flat wing ends type, West Midlands), Mackreth 2011, 4.a-4.b, 4c, Plate 46. Possible tinning, dating to the late 1st/ early 2nd century AD. It is 18mm long, width at wings: 18.5mm; thickness/ depth: 9.5mm; weight: 5.1g. The brooch has incomplete short semi-cylindrical wings with incomplete caps at the terminals, which would have originally held the copper alloy axis bar in place (a characteristic feature of the Polden Hill brooch), although this feature is now missing. There is a small single linear groove running down the length of each wing near the terminal end. To either side of the head of the brooch, there is a single crescent-shaped raised appendage (also a characteristic feature of this type of brooch), which partly curves round each wing. At the very top of the brooch, there is the remains of an incomplete rearward claw, which would have curved round to the back of the brooch and the spring (now missing). There is no other decoration on the artefact, and the bow breaks approximately 6.5mm below the head of the brooch. The artefact appears to have become incomplete/ broken in antiquity. At the back of the brooch fragment, the axis bar and spring mechanism that are normally held in place behind the wings are now completely missing, as is the pin. Overall, the fragment is in a slightly worn but fair condition with a light green/ grey surface due to the possible tinning.

WMID-E5E831: BROOCH
An incomplete cast copper alloy Roman brooch of Colchester derivative Polden Hill (Mackreth Group 4, flat wing ends), Mackreth 2010, 4.e, Plate 47, dating to the late 1st/early 2nd century AD (length: 58mm; width at wings: 18mm; thickness/ depth: 21mm; weight: 15.7g). The brooch has short semi-cylindrical wings with caps at the terminals to hold the copper alloy axis bar in place (a characteristic feature of the Polden Hill brooch). There is a small single linear groove running down the length of each wing near the terminal end. To either side of the head of the brooch, there is a single crescent-shaped raised appendage (also a characteristic feature of this type of brooch), which partly curves round each wing. At the very top of the brooch, there is the remains of an incomplete rearward claw, which curves round to the back of the brooch and the spring. Down the length of part of the bow, there is a central double-linear grooved design which commences from below the rearward claw and tapers to a point approximately 17mm from the top. There is no other decoration on the bow of the brooch, which itself tapers slightly to the rounded foot at the opposing end. Immediately above the foot, there appears to be a possible single or double-grooved decoration (although now badly corroded). At the back of the brooch, the intact copper alloy axis bar held between the caps at either end of the wings holds the complete copper alloy spring mechanism, with seven turns or coils to the feature. A small fragment of the copper alloy pin is still intact and protrudes out from the spring by 9mm. It appears that the remainder of the pin broke off in antiquity. The casting ridge, which continues to form the slightly incomplete copper alloy catch plate, commences approximately 7mm below the head, with the catch plate being 25 mm long. The top of the catch plate slants downwards at an angle and the outside edge curves round to one side (length: 19mm) to hold the pin (now missing) in place when the brooch would have been fastened to an item of clothing. Overall, the artefact is in a worn, corroded and fair condition with a dark green patina.

WMID-D2E251: COIN
A complete struck/ hammered silver Republican denarius, minted by M. Sergius Silus (M. SERGI SILVS Q) in Rome in 116 BC or 115 BC (diameter: 17.5mm; thickness: 2mm; weight: 3.49g). The coin is in a slightly worn but fair condition. Ref: Crawford, M, H, 1974, ‘Roman Republican Coinage Volumes I & II’, page 302 & plate XXXIX, ref no 286/1.

WMID-D25670: COIN
An incomplete struck/ hammered silver Type II small flan penny of Edward the Confessor, minted by Arfra in Stamford between AD 1048-50 (diameter: 13.5mm; thickness: 1mm; weight: 0.51g). The coin is in a slightly worn but good condition. Ref: North, J,J, 2006, 'English Hammered Coinage Volume I: Early Anglo-Saxon to Henry III c 600-1272', page 179. Ref: Grueber, H, A & Keary, C, F, 1893, 'A Catalogue of English Coins in the British Museum Anglo Saxon Series Volume II', page 431, ref no BMC 1219. Ref: Jonsson, K & van der Meer, G, 1990, 'Mints and Moneyers c. 973 - 1066' in Jonsson (ed), 'Studies in Late Anglo-Saxon Coinage' [Stockholm].

WMID-A9E641: BROOCH
An incomplete cast copper alloy brooch of Colchester derivative Polden Hill (flat wing ends type, West Midlands), Mackreth 2011, 4.i2. Plate 48. Length: 70.5mm; width at wings: 29mm; thickness/ depth: 26mm; weight: 35.0g). From the top of the head to nearly half way down the bow of the brooch, there are two central incised lines, which taper towards each other as there continue to the length of the artefact. To either side of these central lines, there is scrollwork decoration, comprised of five small scrolls inside an elongated sub-lozenge shaped border. There is no indication of enamel remains and there is no other decoration down the length of the tapering bow. To either side of the head, there is a single crescent-shaped appendage, partly arching round the wings. The outside edge of these raised appendages is decorated with two parallel lines of small indentations/ punch marks. There are approximately thirty punch marks to each line. The brooch has a pair of short semi-cylindrical wings with slightly protruding caps at either end. Both the appendages and caps on the wings are both characteristic of the Polden Hill brooch. At the foot of the brooch, there are two ribs with a rounded knob at the end. At the back of the brooch, the iron axis bar is still held in place (although slightly off-centre) between the caps at either end of the wings, where the bar slightly protrudes out of one cap. There is also a large amount of iron corrosion behind the wings, which would also clarify the presence of the iron axis bar. The copper alloy spring is still intact (although suffering from bronze disease) at the back of the wings and winds round the axis bar. Only five turns to this spring are visible, as the iron corrosion encompasses the others. Additionally, above the spring, there is a single copper alloy rearward claw. There is a very tiny part of the copper alloy pin still protruding out from the spring, but is immediately broken off. At the bottom of the back of the bow, the integral copper alloy catch plate, although slightly broken, is complete, with the outside edge curling round to one side to originally encompass the pin and hold it in place (now missing). Lastly, between the head and the catch plate, there is a casting seam running down the length of the back of the bow. Overall, the brooch is in a slightly worn but fair condition with a dark green patina.

WMID-A98080: VESSEL
One wheel thrown ceramic base/ body sherd of Mancetter-Hartshill mortaria, as well as two wheel thrown rim sherds of mortaria, probably from the same the kiln site, dating from the 2nd-4th centuries, between AD 100 – 350 (base/ body sherd dimensions: 90mm x 89mm; thickness: 15mm; weight: 134.6g; thickness of rim sherds ranging from 19-21mm; collective weight: 175.29g). All three sherds have a similar hard but fine-textured fabric with a creamy white – pink colour. The base/ body sherd is particularly informative as on the inside of the sherd, there are numerous black angular grits inbedded into the surface, which is a characteristic feature of Mancetter-Hartshill mortaria. The rim sherds also have similar flanges and beading with other mortaria of this type, particularly one sherd which has a strongly angled straight lip at the rim, similar to that illustrated in Tyers, P, A, 1996, ‘Roman Pottery in Britain’, pages 123-4, ref no 6. If closely studied, this particular sherd also has a small number of gritty inclusions as well as a large red angular grit on the inside of the rim. All these sherds are in a worn but fair condition. Tyers states that the earliest forms of Mancetter-Hartshill mortaria resemble contemporary products of the Verulamium-region (St. Albans) industry, when some potters migrated from there from c. AD 100. This mortaria fabric was produced at Hartshill, Mancetter and Nuneaton in Warwickshire alongside painted wares, grey wares and other cooking vessels. The distribution of this mortaria was extensive int eh Midlands and the north between the mid-2nd century and the early-4th century AD.

WMID-A934D4: DIRK
An incomplete cast copper alloy dirk (in three pieces), dating to the Middle Bronze Age, between 1500 – 1150 BC (approximate length: 161mm; width at shoulder: 37mm; thickness at mid blade: 5.5mm; overall weight: 75.2g). The first part of the artefact is the incomplete butt and shoulder (length: 62.5mm; width: see above; thickness of shoulder: 5mm; weight: 40.6g). The butt has a flat-sectioned rounded top with the remains of two incomplete rivet holes in opposing corners to the left and right, with an approximate diameter of 8mm (both rivets are missing). The butt is also broken (an old break) and incomplete below the rivet holes, but the sides of the shoulder below curve inwards to form the start of a tapering blade. This first part of the artefact, however, is broken (an old break) approximately 27mm below where the shoulder of the dirk begins to taper inwards. The second part of the dirk (length: 61mm; width: 16.5mm; thickness at mid blade: see above; weight: 23.7g) immediately and precisely follows on from the break to the butt and shoulders with a fragment of the convex-sectioned mid blade, which still tapers inwards. The blade edge to either side is worn and incomplete. The third and final part of the artefact (length: 43mm; width: 12.5mm; thickness: 5.5mm; weight: 10.9g) continues approximately from where the mid blade fragment of the preceding part broke. This third piece is also a fragment of the convex-sectioned blade, which is just slightly tapering, possibly indicating that this bottom fragment was broken or corroded just above the tip. Down the central length of the top two sections, the dirk has a flat mid rib, which commences at the shoulder of the artefact and continues to follow the length of the blade approximately 4mm from the blade edge, which tapers downwards from this point. Overall, the dirk is in a worn but fair condition with many areas of the original brown patina remaining, although there are also areas of corrosion, on one side of the artefact in particular. A similar dirk is illustrated in Savory, H, N, 1980, ‘Guide Catalogue of the Bronze Age Collections’ in the National Museum of Wales, pages 113 & 176, fig 28, ref no 244, found at Newchurch, North Wales. Another example is illustrated in Watson, P, J, 1993, ‘Catalogue of British and European Prehistoric Metalwork in Birmingham City Museums’, page 10, ref no 83, found in Kent at the Isle of Thanet.

WMID-A7D022: BROOCH
A fragment of a cast copper alloy probable Square-Headed brooch, with small traces of probable silvering and gilding, dating to the 5th/ 6th century, between AD 500 – 575 (length: 50mm; width: 30.5mm; thickness: 15.5mm; weight: 19.2g). Only part of the flat-sectioned head plate and arched bow remain with extensive low-relief chip carved ornament particularly on the head plate where a double-ridged border circling uncertain decoration (due to wear and corrosion) appears to the left and right of what appears to be a small circular platform (diameter: 6mm), which in turn rests over a prominent triple-ridged (probably) mid-rib that runs down the centre of the length of the whole artefact fragment. Additionally, there appears to be two other circular platforms amongst other uncertain decoration, one to either side of the mid-rib immediately above the break at the bottom of the brooch’s arched bow. At the back of the brooch, just below the break on the head plate, there is a copper alloy double hinge mechanism (length: 9mm; width: 12.5mm) with an axis bar (thickness: 1.5mm), probably made of iron, still connected between the two through small holes in each hinge. Even though it is now missing, it is likely that the pin would have also been made if iron. Overall, the brooch is in a worn and corroded condition, with very little of the original patina remaining, making it difficult to identify any of the decoration. There are particular substantial remains of silvering and gilding on the front of the artefact. Similar examples of Square-Headed brooches are illustrated in MacGregor, A & Bolick, E, 1993, ‘A Summary Catalogue of the Anglo-Saxon Collections (Non-Ferrous Metals)’ in the Ashmolean Museum, Oxford, pages 111 – 120, ref nos 13.1 – 13.16. MacGregor & Bolick state that these artefacts ‘represent the largest and most baroque form of the Anglo-Saxon bow brooch’. They continue to state that these brooches originated in fifth-century Scandinavia, and were ‘introduced to England shortly before AD 500. Although Kent figures prominently in the local development of this type, there is evidence for independent influence directly from Scandinavia to both Anglian and Saxon areas of southern England. The brooches’ popularity was maintained until the end of the third quarter of the sixth century, after which time it waned rapidly’ (page 111).

WMID-A78747: RAPIER
An incomplete cast copper alloy rapier, dating from the Taunton phase of the Middle Bronze Age, between 1300 – 1000 BC (length: 120mm; width at shoulder: 45mm; thickness at mid blade: 5.5mm; weight: 76.6g). The artefact can probably be classified as a Trump Group II: Thetford Class rapier (see Trump, B, A, V, 1962, ‘The Origin and development of British Middle Bronze Age Rapiers’ in ‘Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society’, pages 80 – 102. Only part of the butt, shoulder and blade remain. In plan, the artefact is an inverted and elongated sub-triangle with a convex side-section. The sides curve inwards below the shoulder/ butt to form the incomplete tapering blade (width at broken end of blade: 19mm). At the shoulder/ butt of the rapier, there are two probably deliberate notches instead of rivet holes in opposing corners to the left and right, with an approximate diameter of 11mm, and a slightly incomplete straight edge above and between the rivet holes, forming a trapezoidal appearance at the top of the artefact. A worn but prominent midrib is evident on both sides of the rapier commences from the butt, with an additional rib to either side which follows the curve of the each shoulder. All three ribs continue to the break half way down the blade. The blade edge is slightly incomplete in all areas due to corrosion and old breaks. Overall, the artefact is in a worn but fair condition with a slightly pitted surface and little of the original green/ brown patina remaining. Similar examples are illustrated in Trump’s paper (see details above), particularly on page 85, figs 10 (found at the River Ouse, Thetford) & 11 (found at the River Shannon), which are both of the Group II Thetford Class. On page 87, Trump states that the distinguishing feature of this class is that instead of rivet holes, the rapiers have punched (probably) penannular and deliberate notches at the corners of the butt, as well as the strongly moulded blade with an arris. Although no moulds of this rapier have ever been found before 1962, they have a wide distribution with a prominent number found in the Fens (where they seem to have generated from in England) as well as others from around England, but a large number have been found in Ireland and Scotland. Another example of the Thetford Class is illustrated in Moore, C, N & Rowlands, M, 1972, ‘Bronze Age Metalwork in Salisbury Museum’, page 60 & plate XIII, ref no 69, from Pen pits, probably in Penselwood, Somerset.

WMID-69EA05: SPINDLE WHORL
An incomplete and probable stone spindle whorl, probably dating from the Roman-Medieval period, between AD 43 – 1540 (diameter: 45mm; thickness: 7mm; weight: 12.38g). A flat, circular probable spindle whorl with a slightly off-centre drilled hole (outside diameter: 9mm; inner diameter: 5mm), where the probable wooden spindle would have originally been placed. There is no decoration on either side of the artefact. The probable spindle whorl is in a slightly worn but fair condition.

WMID-593C51: LITHIC IMPLEMENT
A collection of twenty-nine knapped flint waste flakes or debitage, probably dating to the Neolithic period between 4000 – 2200 BC (collective weight: 117.57g). None of these flakes/ debitage appear to have a bulb of percussion or radial scars visible, although ripples or ‘lunettes’ are evident on most pieces indicating the force of the striking or knapping and some have multiple arrises. Additionally, there is little evidence of finer knapping along the surfaces of the flakes in order to produce a sharper working edge.

WMID-58E012: STRAP END
A slightly incomplete sheet copper alloy composite strap-end, dating to the 14th century between AD 1350-1400 (length: 27mm; width: 12mm; thickness: 3mm; weight: 3.48g). The strap-end has a straight attachment edge at the split end, with a single rivet hole and rivet centrally placed immediately below. The pointed tip at the front end of the artefact is concave and has a central, single and protruding lug for decoration. The artefact is in a worn and poor condition (as well as being slightly bent) with a patchy dark green/ brown patina. Similar examples are illustrated in Egan, G and Pritchard, F, 2002, ‘Medieval Finds from Excavations in London:3: Dress Accessories c. 1150 – c. 1450’, pages 147-8, ref nos 696 & 698.

WMID-5843D3: MOUNT
A cast copper alloy fragment of a possible mount, probably dating to the Medieval/ Post Medieval period between AD 1200-1700 (41mm x 39mm; thickness: 4mm; weight: 45.91g). A corner fragment (at a 90˚ angle with two complete edges and two broken) of a probable square or rectangular mount with a faint border decoration comprised of a linear depression (width: 4.5mm), which is clearly noticeable down one side. The possible mount is very thick and there are no visible rivets or fixing attachments on the back for the artefact for it to be attached to another object. There is no other decoration on the front of the artefact, and none on the back. Additionally, the possible mount slightly curves at one broken edge. The artefact is in a slightly worn but fair condition with a dark green patina.

WMID-5808F4: SPINDLE WHORL
A complete cast lead spindle whorl, probably dating from the Medieval/ Post Medieval period between AD 1400-1700 (diameter: 20mm; thickness: 9.5mm; weight: 13.94g). The circular artefact is bi-conical in section and without any apparent decoration on either side. There is a large, single and cylindrical drilled hole in the centre of the spindle whorl (diameter: 10mm) where the wooden spindle would have originally been present. The artefact is in a slightly worn but fair condition.

WMID-56F891: SPINDLE WHORL
A complete cast lead probable spindle whorl, probably dating from the Medieval/ Post Medieval period, between AD 1400 – 1700 (diameter: 19mm; thickness: 7mm; weight: 10.02g). The circular artefact is conical in section with a flat back/ underside and without decoration on the front. There is a single cylindrical drilled hole in the centre of the probable spindle whorl (diameter: 6mm) where the wooden spindle would have originally been present. The artefact is in a slightly worn but fair condition.

WMID-56C362: BUTTON
An incomplete cast copper alloy button with enamelled decoration, dating to the 17th/ 18th century between AD 1600-1800 (length: 10mm; diameter of head: 12mm; weight: 2.25g) The button has a rounded and conical front with the remains of alternating dark blue and white enamel cells (three cells of each colour) surrounding a central circular cell of blue enamel. The back of the artefact is flat with a sub-rectangular stem extending outwards (length: 5mm; thickness: 2mm), although no evidence of a loop or suspension hole remains. The button is in a worn and corroded condition with most of the copper alloy suffering from bronze disease. Therefore, none of the original patina remains. Similar examples are illustrated in Egan, G, 2005, ‘Material Culture in London in an age of transition: Tudor and Stuart period finds c 1450-c 1700 from excavations at riverside sites in Southwark’, pages 48-9, particularly ref no 183.

WMID-44A9C4: CAULDRON
An incomplete cast copper alloy cooking vessel or cauldron leg, dating from the14th-17th century between AD 1300-1700 (length: 43mm; width: 16.5mm; thickness: 10.5mm; weight: 24.31g). The artefact has a trapezoidal section, which narrows to a rounded tip at the end. At the opposing end, the cauldron leg has a slanted and flat platform where the artefact would have been joined onto the base of the cooking vessel. The leg has a partly remaining irregular lip at the top edge. The artefact is in a worn but fair condition with a dark green patina.

A complete struck/ hammered silver halfgroat of Charles I, minted at the Tower of London between AD 1639-40 (diameter: 16.5mm; thickness: 0.3mm; weight: 0.86g). The coin is in a slightly worn but fair condition. Mintmark: triangle. Ref: North, J, J, 1991, 'English Hammered Coinage Volume 2: Edward I to Charles II 1272-1662', page 162, ref no 2258.

WMID-472996: BROOCH
An incomplete cast copper alloy Colchester Two Piece Trumpet brooch with enamelled decoration, dating to the 1st/ 2nd century AD (length: 42.5mm; width at head: 13.5mm; thickness/ depth: 29mm; weight: 9.89g). At the top of the brooch, the central lug protrudes upwards from the back of the head, although there are no remains of the spring or pin. There are small areas of enamelling still intact on the head of the brooch, which consist of two crescent-shaped formations situated back to back and left to right of the head, which are also outlined with red enamel and blue enamel within. In a ‘V’-shaped area above this crescent decoration, there is a tiny fragment of yellow enamel still remaining. The only other decoration on this badly corroded and incomplete brooch is a slight bulbous feature halfway down the leg where possible ‘acanthus’ moulding may have originally been. There is no remaining evidence of the catch plate at the back and bottom of the brooch, where the brooch terminates in a corroded point. Overall, the artefact is in a very worn and corroded condition with small areas of bronze disease at the top and bottom of the brooch.

WMID-46AFD7: BEAD
A complete handmade ceramic annular bead, probably dating from the Roman - Medieval period between AD 43 - 1500 (diameter: 12mm; thickness: 9mm; diameter of central hole: 4mm; weight: 1.67g). The bead is slightly irregular in shape with a central drilled circular hole for suspension on a probable piece of string or leather. Although the surface is worn, there is no decoration on the artefact.

An incomplete cast copper alloy two piece trapezoidal shoe or knee buckle with drilled frame for a separate spindle and tinning on the surface,dating to the 17th/ 18th century between AD 1650-1750 (length: 35mm; width: 25mm; thickness: 5mm; weight: 6.48g). The buckle is concave in side section with rounded ends and triple scrollwork knops either end of the spindle holes within a larger concave moulding to either side. The central spindle is still intact with iron corrosion attached to it, probably indicating that the spindle is made of iron, which is difficult to identify due to soil still visible on areas of the artefact. The chape (now missing) may have also been made of iron. There is a singular notch in the centre of one of the rounded ends where the pin would have originally rested. The buckle is undecorated on the back. Similar examples are illustrated in Ross Whitehead, 1996, ‘Buckles 1250 – 1800’, pages 98-9, particularly ref no 612.

WMID-1D17E1: TOKEN
A complete cast lead token, probably dating from the 17th - 19th century AD (diameter: 19mm; thickness: 3.5mm; weight: 7.75g). On one side of this possible trader's token, the number '12' (probably) appears with two pellets in between. There is an irregular raised rim running around the circumference of the front and back of the artefact, although there is no decoration or markings in the centre of the back. The token is in a slightly worn but fair condition.

WMID-1CF786: THIMBLE
An incomplete cast copper alloy domed or 'beehive' thimble, dating to the 14th/ 15th century AD between c. 1350 - 1500 (length: 17.5mm; diameter at base: 18mm; thickness of metal: 1.5mm; weight: 5.33g). There is an incomplete raised border running around the incomplete circumference of the base of the thimble, with eleven rows of irregularly punched circular indentations running around the slanted circumference towards the slightly conical but flat tip at the top of the artefact. There is no decoration on the inside of the thimble and there are numerous cracks leading from the base to the top in one area where the artefact appears to have been slightly flattened. Overall, the thimble is in a worn but fair condition with a dark green patina. Similar examples are illustrated in E. F. Holmes' 'Sewing Thimbles', Finds Research Group 700-1700 Datasheet 9. It is suggested by Holmes that domed shaped thimbles are found in Britain in contexts from about AD 1350, which is later than on the Continent where thimbles are known to have been made during the 13th century. It is possible that leather guards were used in preference to metal ones. The casting of domed thimbles was abandoned in the 16th century AD.

WMID-1CC654: BUCKLE
A slightly incomplete cast copper alloy buckle with tinned frame, dating to the 17th/ 18th century AD between c. 1650 – c. 1750 (length: 43mm; width: 21mm; thickness: 9mm; weight: 11.36g). A concave and trapezoidal shoe or knee buckle with a drilled frame for a separate spindle. This example is highly decorated with concave notched ends; each end with two sub-oval openwork apertures. There are three moulded knops/ ridges either side of the centre of the buckle where the probable iron spindle would have originally been (now missing), due to the iron corrosion on the inside of the buckle frame, as well as on the cast copper alloy stud chape, which was found with the buckle frame but is not still attached. Overall, the buckle is in a slightly worn but fair condition with most of the tinning still present on the buckle frame. A similar example is illustrated in Whithead, R, 1996, ‘Buckles 1250 – 1800’, page 98, ref no 613.

WMID-1C5595: BROOCH
A fragment of a cast copper alloy Roman brooch of Colchester derivative, Polden Hill (Mackreth 2011, Part 3, Group 4.d. hybrid, flat wing ends type)Colchester Two-Piece Polden Hill brooch, dating to the 1st/ 2nd century AD. Width at wings: 15.5mm; thickness: 11.5mm; weight: 5.30g). The brooch has incomplete short cylindrical wings with crescent-shaped appendages to either side of the head. It appears that there is an overhead claw protruding out from the front of the head to connect to the overhead chord and spring at the back. There is decoration down the length of the bow commencing approximately 1.5mm below the overhead claw. The design of three raised linear ridges runs down the centre of the artefact and appears to finish 5.5mm above the break in the bow. Judging by the curved angle of the bow and the short wings, the brooch, when complete, would have originally been a small example, so may not have continued further beyond the break. At the back of the artefact, the copper alloy spring has seven visible turns/ coils and is held in place by a copper alloy axis bar which runs through the spring. Approximately 6mm above the break, the remains of the corroded and missing catch plate start to appear. There is no other decoration on the back of this artefact. Overall, the brooch fragment is in a worn and corroded condition with large amounts of soil still attached to the front and back of the head.

WMID-DE4A13: COIN
A complete (but slightly clipped) struck/ hammered silver halfpenny of Robert the Bruce, dating from AD 1306 - 1329 (diameter: 14.5mm; thickness: 0.4mm; weight: 0.45g). The coin is in a slightly worn but good condition. Ref: Spink, 2003, 'Coins of Scotland, Ireland and the islands (Jersey, Guernsey, Man & Lundy): Pre-Decimal Issues 2nd edition: Standard Catalogue of British Coins', page 21, ref no 5077.

WMID-DDFAD2: COIN
An incomplete struck/ hammered silver groat of Elizabeth I, dating from AD 1560-1 (diameter: 22.5mm; thickness: 0.5mm; weight: 1.37g). Mintmark: martlet. The coin is in a worn but fair condition. Ref: North, J, J, 1991, 'English Hammered Coinage Volume 2: Edward I to Charles II 1272-1662', page 133, ref no 1986.

WMID-9EFB73: BUCKLE
An incomplete cast copper alloy circular framed buckle with a central bar, dating from the 14th – 16th century between AD 1350 – 1600 (diameter: 26mm; thickness: 2mm; weight: 3.59g). A worn and corroded buckle frame, with a bevelled edge and narrow strap bar. The pin is now missing and there is a break in the buckle frame. There is no decoration on the artefact. Similar examples are illustrated in Egan, G & Pritchard, F, 2002, ‘Medieval Finds from Excavations in London: 3: Dress Accessories c. 1150 – 1450’, page 66, ref nos 214 & 216, as well as other examples in Whitehead, R, 1996, ‘Buckles 1250 – 1800’, pages 44-5, ref nos 252, 254, 255 & 256.

WMID-9EA3F6: COIN
An incomplete and clipped struck/ hammered penny of Edward III, minted in London as part of the Third Coinage between AD 1344-1351 (diameter: 17mm; thickness: 0.5mm; weight: 0.99g). The coin is in a worn but fair condition. Ref: North , J, J, ‘English Hammered Coinage Volume 2: Edward I to Charles II 1272-1662’, pages 47-8.

WMID-9E48B1: BUCKLE
An incomplete cast copper alloy double-looped oval buckle with moulded decoration, dating from the 17th/ 18th century AD (length: 42mm; width: 47mm; thickness: 3.5mm; weight: 15.89g). A highly decorative buckle with only one complete oval loop remaining. The artefact is decorative with a floral design of roses flanked by buds. There is an ornate rose at either end of the narrow strap bar, which has a break in the centre. There is another rose in the centre of the outside edge with two buds either side. Each rose consists of a central bud surrounded by nine or ten pellet-shaped petals with five large outer petals. The rest of the buckle is decorated with moulded foliage designs. The decorated front of the artefact also has large areas of gilding on the surface. The underside of the buckle is undecorated and heavily corroded. Overall, the buckle is in a worn and corroded condition with a patchy green/ brown patina. Similar examples (although not as elaborate) are illustrated in Whitehead, R, ‘1996, ‘Buckles 1250 – 1800’, page 67, ref no 413, 414, 416 & 418.

WMID-9DD2E2: COIN
An incomplete struck/ hammered bronze probable barbarous Roman coin, probably dating to the 3rd century AD (diameter: 21mm; thickness: 1mm; weight: 2.05g). The coin is in a worn and corroded condition with very little detail remaining.

WMID-9DB385: FURNITURE FITTING
An incomplete cast copper alloy furniture fitting/ handle, dating to the 17th/ 18th century between AD c. 1650 – 1750 (length: 43mm; width: 18mm; thickness: 6.5mm; weight: 5.71g). The furniture fitting/ handle is tear drop shaped with a narrow neck at the top and a single lobed protrusion at the bottom of the artefact. The top of the handle is broken but there are two raised linear ridges running across its width directly underneath. There is no other decoration on the artefact and the back is hollow. Overall, the furniture handle is in a worn and corroded condition with some areas of bronze disease on the back and a patchy brown patina. Similar examples are illustrated in Bailey, G, 2001, ‘Detector Finds 2’, page 17, ref nos 16, 19 & 23.

WMID-9D4851: BUCKLE
An incomplete cast copper alloy double loop sub-annular buckle, dating from the 17th/ 18th century between AD 1650 – 1750 (length: 28mm; width: 21.5mm; thickness: 2mm; weight: 1.99g). A slightly misshapen and concave buckle with a worn and corroded strap bar and the pin is now missing. There is no decoration on the artefact. Overall, the buckle is in a worn and poor condition with a patchy light brown patina. Similar examples are illustrated in Whitehead, R, 1996, ‘Buckles 1250 – 1800’, page 48, ref nos 278-9.

WMID-9D0DC8: BUCKLE
An incomplete cast copper alloy single loop sub-rectangular buckle, dating from the 16th/ 17th century between AD 1500 - 1650 (length: 28mm; width: 26.5mm; thickness: 3.5mm; weight: 5.06g). The buckle has concave sides with a rounded front and a single lobed knob in the centre of the outside edge. The strap bar is narrowed and recessed with a small amount of iron corrosion where the pin would have originally been (now missing), suggesting that the pin could have been made of iron. There is no other decoration on the buckle. Overall, the artefact is in a worn but fair condition with a light brown patina. A similar example is illustrated in Whitehead, R, 1996, 'Buckles 1250 - 1800', page 28, ref no 145.

WMID-9C26C8: MIRROR CASE
An incomplete cast copper alloy mirror case, dating from the 13th/ 14th century AD between AD 1250 -1400 (length: 33mm; diameter: 29mm; thickness: 3mm; weight: 5.50g). Only the decorated front of the mirror case survives with the incomplete remains of a pair of pierced lugs at one end and part of a single lug at the opposing end. On the front face of this artefact, there are irregularly placed double lines of punched, opposed curved triangles in the form of a cross with similar punched double lines placed diametrically across the centre of the case between the lugs from side to side. There is a small break/ hole (diameter: 3mm) in the centre of the case, which does not appear to have happened recently. The back of the case lid is flat and undecorated with a raised lip around the circumference. There is also a yellow layer of possible corrosion, which could be the remains of calcium carbonate (see below). The artefact is in a worn but fair condition with a dark green patina. Identical examples are illustrated in Egan, G & Pritchard, F, 2002, ‘Medieval Finds from Excavations in London: 3: Dress Accessories c. 1150 – c. 1450’, pages 358 & 361 – 2, fig 241, ref nos 1714 – 6. Egan & Pritchard state (page 358) that small metal-cased mirrors have only recently been recognised among medieval finds, having previously been attributed to the Roman period. There are two basic forms of cased mirrors: those of a robust copper-alloy form, and a more varied category of lead-tin cases. The grozed glass would have been held in place by a cement that occasionally survives as calcium carbonate

WMID-9B3225: BUCKLE
A fragment from a cast copper alloy probable double-looped buckle (with some possible tinning on the surface), dating to the Post Medieval period between AD 1600 – 1750 (length: 11mm; width: 28mm; thickness: 3.5mm; weight: 2.84g). The decorated and curved outside edge of the buckle is all that remains, with the decoration consisting of three central incised lines (the middle line shorter than the outside markings) terminating in a point or ‘V’ shape at the outer edge with radiating and raised ridges running at a slant either side of the incised lines. The underside of the buckle fragment is flat and undecorated. The artefact is in a slightly worn but fair condition with a grey patina. Similar examples can be seen in Whitehead, R, ‘Buckles 1250 – 1800’, pages 50 – 99.

WMID-9A79F7: WEIGHT
A complete cast lead probable standing weight, probably dating from the Medieval – Post Medieval period between AD 1200 – 1800 (length: 19mm; diameter at base: 27mm; weight: 50.25g). The artefact has an irregular hemisphere form with a cross decoration or ‘arch’ consisting of two plain raised bands crossing each other at the top. The probable weight has an irregular sub-circular hole in the centre, which continues straight down the length of the artefact. The base of the object is slightly indented and hollow. Overall, the probable weight is in a worn but fair condition. Even though this example is most likely to be a weight, a similar example illustrated in Biggs, N & Withers, P, 2000, ‘Lead Weights: The David Rogers Collection’, page 33, ref no 82 also has an ‘arch’ decoration but does not have the hole through the centre of the object. Biggs & Withers identify this (as with other examples also illustrated) as a possible gaming piece.

WMID-893EC4: WEIGHT
A complete cast lead standing weight, probably dating from the Medieval – Post Medieval period between AD 1200 – 1800 (length: 41.5mm; width at base: 26mm; thickness at base: 21mm; weight: 98.13g). This weight has an irregularly cast sub-rectangular pyramid form with a small hollowed area at the base with the edges curved slightly inwards. The artefact narrows to a flat-sectioned rounded top with a slightly misshapen circular hole to enable the weight to be attached onto another object. The artefact is in a worn but fair condition. Similar examples are illustrated in Biggs. N & Withers, P, 2000, ‘Lead Weights: The David Rogers Collection’, pages 30-1, ref nos 70-1 particularly.

WMID-88F1A5: BUCKLE
An incomplete cast copper alloy oval framed buckle with attached plate (length: 57.5mm; width at buckle frame: 24mm; thickness 8mm; weight: 26.47g), dating from the 11th-13th centuries AD. The outside edge of the oval framed buckle protrudes outwards at both sides with a marked groove/ indentation underneath one end of this protrusion. There is a notch in the centre of this protrusion, indicating where the probable copper alloy pin (now missing) would have originally rested. There is no other decoration on the buckle frame although to note that it is a very thick and robust example. The plate is recessed from the frame and folded round the offset and narrowed bar, with a slot in the centre for the pin to have originally been held. On the underside of the plate, there is a corroded circular hole (diameter: 6mm), which may have originally held a rivet. There is no decoration on the buckle plate although there are small areas of gilding on the upper surface. The artefact is in a worn and corroded condition with a patchy and pitted green/ brown patina. A similar example is illustrated in Egan, G & Pritchard, F, 2002, 'Medieval Finds from Excavations in London: 3: Dress Accessories c. 1150 - c. 1450', pages 76-7, fig 46, ref no 316, which is also described as 'a notably robust buckle for its size; the plate was presumably cast and then folded'.

WMID-87C3F6: COIN
An incomplete and clipped struck/ hammered silver penny of Edward III, minted in London as part of the Third Coinage between AD 1344-1351 (diameter: 16mm; thickness: 0.5mm; weight: 0.89g). The coin is in a worn but fair condition. Ref: North , J, J, ‘English Hammered Coinage Volume 2: Edward I to Charles II 1272-1662’, pages 47-8.

A complete cast lead box, probably dating to the Post Medieval period from the 17th-19th centuries AD (length: 28mm; width: 14.5mm; depth: 14mm; weight: 48.14g). This small lead box is three-dimensional and sub-rectangular in form with rounded sides. The probable lid appears to have been sealed shut to the main body of the box, with the rim of the lid having an overlapping uneven length around the edge. On the bottom of the box, there are multiple small incised lines in a slanted design across the length of the base. It is uncertain what the box contains. The artefact is in a slightly worn but fair condition.

WMID-32C463: SEAL MATRIX
A complete cast copper alloy circular seal, dating to the 14th century AD (length: 25mm; diameter at base: 18.5mm; width of handle: 8mm; thickness of suspension loop: 6mm; weight: 9.17g). At the top of the seal, there is a flat and probable corroded lobed suspension loop, with the suspension hole containing encrusted soil and possibly iron. There are three corroded ribs running across the width of the stem of the seal immediately underneath the suspension loop before the hexagonal stem extends and splays outwards towards the base of the artefact. At the base of the seal, the inscription around the outside edgeis difficult to decipher , in the centre of the matrix are four leaves, (perhaps beech). Therefore, it is impossible to identify if this is a personal seal and who it may have belonged to. The artefact is in a worn and corroded condition with small areas of bronze disease around the circumference of the seal base. The seal has a dark green patina.

WMID-07D280: BROOCH
An incomplete cast copper alloy Colchester Two Piece trumpet brooch, dating to the 1st/ 2nd century AD (length: 60mm; width at head: 17mm; thickness/ depth: 29mm; weight: 23.69g). The brooch has an oval-shaped head (diameter/ width mentioned above), which narrows to a circular sectioned neck, below which is the characteristic moulded trumpet brooch decoration consisting of triple buttons which protrude from the front and back of the artefact. The central moulded button is the largest (length: 5mm; diameter: 13.5mm) with scrollwork or ‘acanthus’ decoration style visible. To either side of the central button, there is a singular undecorated linear ridge. Below this triple moulding, the leg of the brooch is sub-triangular in section. The artefact’s foot is rounded but flat at the base (length: 3.5mm; diameter: 7mm) with a single linear ridge above which continues round to the back of the brooch and is integral to the incomplete cast copper alloy catch plate. At the top of the brooch and behind the head, the spring and pin are completely missing, with only a copper alloy central lug remaining with a circular hole in the centre, where the axis bar would have originally been held (now missing). The artefact is in a worn and poor condition with numerous small areas of bronze disease, particularly around the oval head of the brooch, at the triple moulded decoration, down the leg of the artefact and at the catch plate and foot. The brooch has a light brown patina, with a large amount of soil still visible on the artefact. Similar plainly decorated trumpet brooches are illustrated in Hattatt, R, 1987, ‘Brooches of Antiquity’, pages 130-1, ref no 952, found at Wall, Staffordshire and in Hattatt, R, 1985, ‘Iron Age and Roman Brooches’, pages 108 & 110, ref no 438, found near Cheltenham, Gloucestershire.

WMID-F623F1: COIN
A complete struck/ hammered bronze sestertius of Marcus Aurelius, minted in Rome between AD 140-144 (diameter: 32mm; thickness: 4mm; weight: 23.71g). The coin is in a slightly worn but good condition. Ref: Mattingly, H & Sydenham, E, A, 1930, ‘The Roman Imperial Coinage Vol III: Antoninus Pius to Commodus’, page 173, ref nos 1232a or 1238.

WMID-F2D530: WEIGHT
A complete circular cast lead weight, probably dating to the Post Medieval period between AD 1600 - 1800 (diameter: 17mm; weight: 23.83g). This artefact was probably a musket ball before a slightly irregular central circular perforated hole was drilled through it, to probably enable the object to be used as a weight of some kind.

WMID-F2CA50: SHOT
A complete cast lead musket ball, dating from the 17th century AD (diameter: 17.5mm; weight: 28.82g). The casting seam is visible around the central circumference of the artefact.

WMID-F2C0A5: SHOT
A complete cast lead musket ball, dating from the 17th century AD (diameter: 17.5mm; weight: 31.68g). The artefact has been flattened around the central circumference and has a flattened indentation on one side.

WMID-F27136: VESSEL
One incomplete ceramic vessel body sherd of wheel-thrown glazed coarse earthenware, dating to the 17th/ 18th century AD (61.5mm x 28mm; thickness: 9.5mm; weight: 20.26g). This sherd has a ‘salmon pink’ inner fabric with a dark brown glaze on the inside of the vessel over a lower dark pink slip. The pink slip is also visible on the outside of the sherd. The fabric is fairly hard-fired with small infrequent grit inclusions. The glaze on the surface is a lead glaze which draws iron from the body, thus giving a brown or black dark colour; an iron-rich slip is frequently used under the lead glaze to produce a more even dark colour, as seen with this example. There is no decoration on this vessel. According to Klemperer, D, A, coarse earthenware originated in Staffordshire as 'late medieval orange ware' in the late 15th/ 16th century, but was only recognised as a distinct ware in the 17th century, with production continuing into the 19th century. Forms of coarse earthenware vessels included jars, chafing dishes, jugs, small and large bowls and early saggars. This type of pottery was made nationwide during this period.

WMID-F250A3: VESSEL
One incomplete ceramic vessel body sherd of wheel-thrown glazed coarse earthenware, dating to the 17th/ 18th century AD (41mm x 28mm; thickness: 7.5mm; weight: 14.53g). This sherd has a red/ brown inner fabric with a dark brown glaze on the inside of the vessel over a lower red slip. The red slip is also visible on the outside of the sherd. The fabric is fairly hard-fired with small infrequent grit inclusions. The glaze on the surface is a lead glaze which draws iron from the body, thus giving a brown or black dark colour; an iron-rich slip is frequently used under the lead glaze to produce a more even dark colour, as seen with this example. There is no decoration on this vessel. According to Klemperer, D, A, coarse earthenware originated in Staffordshire as 'late medieval orange ware' in the late 15th/ 16th century, but was only recognised as a distinct ware in the 17th century, with production continuing into the 19th century. Forms of coarse earthenware vessels included jars, chafing dishes, jugs, small and large bowls and early saggars. This type of pottery was made nationwide during this period.

WMID-F237F6: VESSEL
One incomplete ceramic vessel base sherd of wheel-thrown glazed coarse earthenware, dating to the 17th/ 18th century AD (length/ height: 15mm; width: 35mm; thickness: 12mm; weight: 9.99g). This sherd has a red/ brown inner fabric with a dark brown glaze on the inside of the vessel over a lower red slip. The red slip is also visible on the outside of the sherd. The fabric is fairly hard-fired with small infrequent grit inclusions. The glaze on the surface is a lead glaze which draws iron from the body, thus giving a brown or black dark colour; an iron-rich slip is frequently used under the lead glaze to produce a more even dark colour, as seen with this example. There is no decoration on this vessel. According to Klemperer, D, A, coarse earthenware originated in Staffordshire as 'late medieval orange ware' in the late 15th/ 16th century, but was only recognised as a distinct ware in the 17th century, with production continuing into the 19th century. Forms of coarse earthenware vessels included jars, chafing dishes, jugs, small and large bowls and early saggars. This type of pottery was made nationwide during this period.

WMID-E1B777: CHISEL
An incomplete cast bronze socketed chisel, dating to the Late Bronze Age between 1150 – 800 BC (length: 64mm; diameter of socket: 14mm; width at chisel edge: 8mm; thickness chisel tip: 2mm; weight: 27.52g). This artefact has an incomplete circular socketed terminal at one end (diameter: as above; thickness of metal: 2mm), with the inside of the chisel being hollow to the opposing tip. To the either side of the chisel’s length, there is a singular casting line or mark (average width: 1.5mm) ‘of the joint of the mould in which it was cast’ (Evans, 1881, page 172). From the incomplete socketed mouth of the chisel, the form and length of the artefact adapts into an angular and ‘V’-shaped section, which then narrows to a point at the chisel edge. The artefact is in a slightly worn but good condition with a dark green patina and small infrequent areas of pitting on the surface. A similar example is illustrated in Evans, J, 1881, ‘The Ancient Bronze Implements, Weapons and Ornaments of Great Britain and Ireland’, pages 171-2, fig 200, which was found as part of a hoard from Carlton Rode, Norfolk, which Evans comments is well adapted for cutting mortises. Other similar examples of socketed chisels are also illustrated in the Archaeological Journal Vol IV (1849), page 382, found at Westow, Yorkshire, and in the Archaeological Journal IX (1852), pages 302-3, found at Romford, Essex. Evans (1881) also describes other socketed chisels found at Heathery Burn Cave, Durham; Roseberry Topping, Yorkshire; Meldreth, Cambridgeshire, as well as examples from France, Switzerland and Italy.

WMID-DFFAA1: COIN
An incomplete struck/ hammered bronze sestertius of Antoninus Pius (138-61), VOT A SOL DEC II COS IIII S C, emperor sacrificing, Rome, AD 158-9. The coin is in a worn but fair condition. RIC III c.f. 1008. Reece 7

WMID-75F216: WEIGHT
A complete cast lead flat shield-shaped trade weight, dating to the 13th/ 14th century period between AD 1200 - 1400 (length: 58mm; width: 47mm; thickness: 12mm; weight: 221.20g). In the centre at the top of the weight, there is a small rectangular hole (length: 2.5mm; width: 6.5mm), which could have been used for suspension. The hole is situated on the edge of an irregular border that runs around the front of the weight (average width: 3mm). In the centre of the front of the weight, there are three lions passant guardant facing to the left with tails curled over the top of their backs and both front paws and claws outstretched in front. The lions reduce in size as they appear further down to the rounded point of the shield-shaped weight. The rectangular hole at the top of the weight cuts into the tail of the largest lion. The back of the weight is flat and undecorated. Overall, the artefact is in a slightly worn but good condition. A similar example is illustrated in Biggs, N, & Withers, P, 2000, ‘Lead Weights: The David Rogers Collection’, page 37, ref no 85, which has the same design but does not have the probable suspension hole. Biggs and Withers suggest (page 34) that weights having finely detailed lions adds ‘to the impression that the weights were produced under official authority’. There is also specific documentary evidence from AD 1197 – AD 1389 which suggests that there were official efforts to establish a uniform system of weights and measures, but Biggs and Withers note the difficulty in linking this evidence and the artefactual evidence together. Additionally, with reference to these two examples, it has also be noted in the publication that the ‘badge of three lions was first adopted as a national emblem by Richard I in his Great Seal of 1198’ although the device was used before then. The ‘three-lion’ types as well as the quartered shield types may have been the earliest of these weights that were produced, and perhaps the most official, since they are clearly related to the arms of England (page 35).

WMID-28C315: COIN
A complete but slightly clipped struck/ hammered silver penny of Edward I, minted in Bristol between AD c. 1299-1300/1 (diameter: 17.5mm; thickness: 0.3mm; weight: 1.23g). The coin is classified by J. J. North as a Class 9b, particularly due to Class 9 often having a star on the breast (as seen on this example). The coin is in a worn but fair condition. Ref: North, J, J, 'English Hammered Coinage Volume 2: Edward I to Charles II 1272-1662', page 30, ref no 1037/1.

WMID-289771: KEY (LOCKING)
An incomplete cast copper alloy key, dating to the 14th/ 15th century AD (length: 72.5mm; width at bow: 28mm; thickness/ diameter of shank: 7.5mm; weight: 31.27g). The key has a lozenge/ diamond-shaped bow, which comprises of a quatrefoil framework (with each of the four holes having an approximate diameter of 4mm) with a worn triple-ribbed collar immediately below. There is a cylindrical loop separately attached on to the top of the bow (diameter: 12.8mm; length: 8.9mm), which protrudes outwards from both sides pf the key by approximately 3mm, possibly for attachment purposes to a belt or leather round the waist. The key has a hollow and oval-sectioned shank (length: 45mm; diameter of open hole at base: 5mm) with an incomplete bit (length: 20.8mm; width: 18.1mm) protruding outwards from the bottom at a right angle to the shank. The key is decorated to the left and right of the bow/ head with a single integrally cast copper alloy knob at either side on the 90° angle. There is no other decoration on the key. The artefact is in a worn (particularly near the bottom of the shank and bit) but fair condition with a dark green patina. A number of similar examples are illustrated in Ward Perkins, J, B,1940, 'London Museum Medieval Catalogue', pages 135, 140 & 142, plate XXIX, ref nos 14-17, which date to the 14th/ 15th century AD and are classified as a Type VI key. Another example is illustrated in Read, B, 2001, 'Metal Artefacts of Antiquity: A Catalogue of Small Finds from Specific Areas of the United Kingdom Volume One', pages 61 & 70, ref no 525, which has also been dated to the 14th century AD and was found in the South-West Wiltshire area.

WMID-27ED78: COIN
A complete struck/ hammered silver cut voided long-cross halfpenny, minted by Ricard in Durham or London under the reign of Henry III between AD 1251-1272 (diameter: 18mm; thickness: 0.3mm; weight: 0.55g). The coin is classified by J.J. North and C. R. Wren as a Class 5d and is in a worn but fair condition. Ref: Wren, C, R, 1993, 'The Voided Long-Cross Coinage 1247-1279 Henry III & Edward I: An Illustrated Guide to Identification', pages 34, 44 & 60. North, J, J, 1994, 'English Hammered Coinage Volume I: Early Anglo-Saxon to Henry III c. 600-1272', page 227, ref no 994.

WMID-93ADE5: UNIDENTIFIED OBJECT
An incomplete cast copper alloy unidentified enamelled fragment, dating to the late Iron Age/ early Roman period between 200 BC – AD 100 (length: 45mm; width: 28mm; thickness: 2mm; weight: 7.96g). The flat fragment appears to be broken on all but one probable edge and is decorated on the front with a worn interwoven and scrollwork red and dark enamel design. There is no decoration on the back of the fragment and only a small amount of the original patina remains. Overall, the unidentified artefact is in a worn, corroded and poor condition with numerous small areas of bronze disease.

WMID-933711: BRACELET
An incomplete cast copper alloy fragment of a probable bracelet or armlet, probably dating to the late Iron Age period between 200 BC - AD 43 (length: 59mm; width: 8mm; thickness: 8mm; weight: 20.91g). A slightly curved fragment with a D-shaped section and six rounded bosses (average diameter: 8mm) remaining on the outside edge of the artefact with two incised lines and a recess (length: 3mm) between each boss. There is no decoration on the inside of the fragment and the artefact is broken at both ends. The probable bracelet or anklet is in a slightly worn but fair condition with a light green patina. Similar examples found in womens' grave groups are illustrated in Stead, I, M, & Rigby, V, 1999, 'Iron Age Antiquities from Champagne in the British Museum: The Morel Collection', pages 75; fig 2, ref 'h' and fig 101, ref nos 1634-5, titled 'Bronze Armlets: La Tène Ic/II'. In the discussion of these examples (page 75), ref no '1634 and 1635 were found together on the right arm, above the elbow....but for the description and plan of their position in the grave, these pieces would be regarded as bracelets (or anklets)'. However, as only a fragment remains of this detected example it is difficult to classify whether this artefact is a bracelet ('penannular rings worn on the forearms or wrists'); a bangle ('complete annular rings worn on the forearms or wrists'); an armlet ('worn on the arms above the elbows, often completely annular) or an anklet ('worn on the legs, usually penannular') (Stead & Rigby, page 73).

WMID-90A9B0: WEIGHT
A complete cast lead trade weight with cast design, possibly for bullion, dating from the 11th-14th century AD (diameter: 69mm; thickness: 19mm; weight: exceeds the limit of scales but the finder confirms that it weighs just under 1lb). An irregular (uneven), flat and rounded weight with a uneven and slightly off-centre raised broad cross pommée with rounded terminal projections and a raised pellet in each quarter. The bottom of the artefact is flat and undecorated. The weight is in a slightly worn but good condition. A similar (although smaller) example is illustrated in Biggs, N, & Withers, P, 2000, ‘Lead Weights: The David Rogers Collection’, page 24, ref no 38, which weighs 70g with a diameter of 32mm and a thickness/ height of 13mm. Biggs and Withers state (page 21) that it is possible that round weights were used mainly for weighing ‘precious’ objects, like coins and bullion. By the beginning of the 11th century there would have been at least two possible uses for weights in connection with large payments in silver. Firstly, weights were used to check a payment (either by coin or bullion) contained a certain amount of pure silver. Secondly, weights might have been used as a convenient way of checking the number of pennies in a large payment. The use of lead weights for checking payments in silver seems to have persisted into the ‘sterling’ period (12th-13th centuries), when the penny was of constant mass and fineness. However, the increasing volume of trade in the 14th century meant that the use of silver for payments gradually became impractical, which led to the introduction of a gold coinage in England in c. AD 1340. This meant that the of the silver penny was reduced substantially and probably signalled the use of large lead weights as smaller weights were used for now checking a single gold coin.

A complete cast copper alloy vessel leg, probably dating to the Medieval – early Post Medieval period between AD 1400 – 1600 (length: 45mm; width: 57mm; thickness: 16mm; weight: 38.67g). The hollow leg has a flat trapezoidal top at a right angle to the rest of the artefact, with what appears to be half of a probable rivet hole at the edge (diameter: 4.5mm). Below this flat top, the artefact descends at an approximately 90˚ angle to form a three-sided stem/ neck with a single linear indentation 3mm from the top. Approximately 13mm from the top of the foot, the three-sided neck expands outwards to the sides to form a slanted and slightly curved base with the three sides prominently marked by two ridges running down the front of the artefact. There is an additional ridge running in an angled direction across the three sides of the artefact 28mm from the top and 14mm from the base of the leg. The base of the artefact sits flatly on a surface, while the neck and top of the leg slant backwards. There is no other decoration on the front or the back of the artefact. The leg is in a worn but fair condition with a dark green patina. Similar forms of vessel feet or bases are illustrates in Ward Perkins, J, B, 1940, ‘London Museum Medieval Catalogue’, pages 208-9, plates LVIII (“The Peacock Chalice”) & LIX (‘Latten chalice, early 16th century, from London Wall’), which both date to the 16th century.

WMID-7FDB76: HARNESS PENDANT
An incomplete cast copper alloy horse pendant, dating to the 13th/ 14th century (length: 48mm; width: 31mm; thickness: 8mm; weight: 12.83g). At the top of the suspension mount of the pendant, the protruding outer suspension loop is broken in side profile, which then forks in two with two separate ‘arms’ to the left and right with incomplete forked terminals at a 90˚ angle. In between these ‘arms’, the inner suspension loop is fixed into place by a copper alloy rivet near to the top which is clearly visible to the left of the suspension mount, although the rivet is unclear on the opposing side. An incomplete, circular and plain pendant extends from underneath the inner suspension loop (diameter: 32mm; thickness: 1mm) with gilding on the front and a small central and circular hole (diameter: 3.5mm). This circular pendant is classified as a Type IV in Ward Perkins, J, B, 1940, ‘London Museum Medieval Catalogue’, page 118, fig 38. There does not appear to be any other decoration on the front or back of the pendant. The artefact is in a worn but fair condition with a dark brown patina. Ward Perkins also states (page 118) that commonly, but by no means invariably, the pendants included the badge or coat-of-arms of the owner, usually in enamel work or niello upon bronze or copper. The pendants were attached to the harness in several ways. Usually they swing from a fitting which was attached direct to the leather straps. This may consist of a horizontal bar with a downward projection for the attachment of the pendant. Pendants were also worn from the strap across the horse’s forehead. Similar circular examples of pendants are illustrated in Clark, J, 2004, ‘Medieval Finds from Excavations in London: The Medieval Horse and its Equipment c. 1150 – c. 1450’, pages 64-5, fig 47, ref nos 57, 58 & 59.

WMID-179BD1: COIN
An incomplete struck/ hammered silver denarius of Severus Alexander (as Augustus), probably minted in Rome between AD 222 (March) - 224 (diameter: 17.5mm; thickness: 2mm; weight: 1.61g). The coin is in a slightly worn but good condition. Ref: Mattingly, H, & Sydenham, E, A, 1936, 'Roman Imperial Coinage Vol IV Part I', pages 71 & 73, ref nos 7, 23-4 & 37.

WMID-AE24F7: COIN
A complete struck/ hammered silver denarius of Trajan, minted at Rome between AD 103-111, COS V P P S P Q R OPTIMO PRINC, Victory. (diameter: 19mm; thickness: 1.5mm; weight: 2.59g). The coin is in a slightly worn but good condition with some scratches on the reverse. Ref: Mattingly, H, and Sydenham, E, A, 1926, 'The Roman Imperial Coinage Vol II: Vespasian to Hadrian', page 253, ref no 131.

WMID-AE1396: VESSEL
Cast copper-alloy zoomorphic spout from a 15th-century pedestal-base ewer (length: approx 66mm; width: 53mm; thickness: 18mm; weight: 65.13g). The spout has an angular dog’s head terminal with a tubular spout extending out from the dog’s open lozenge-shaped mouth (internal diameter of spout: 5.5mm). The dog’s head has strongly pronounced ridges and protrusions, including rectangular ears to either side of the head and heavy ridged eyebrows. The eyes are not delineated. A single rectangular ridge (length: 12mm; width: 2.5mm) runs centrally between the ears of the dog, which then continues (less defined and narrower) down the neck of the spout to the hollow opening at the back. The back of the spout would have been attached to the vessel. It is undecorated, and curves to a pointed terminal, with a slanted indentation continuing to a hollow circular opening at the top, which then leads to the front of the spout. The artefact is in a slightly worn condition with a brown patina; there is a large scratch mark to one side of the neck of the artefact. A similar dog’s head spout can be seen elsewhere on the Portable Antiquities Scheme’s database (records WMID-FFD0E2 and WMID-BE4B04). Lewis (1987, fig. 8A) illustrates another, from the moat at Cardiff Castle, and dates them to the 15th century. The spouts are normally found detached from their ewers, but Lewis also illustrates an example of a pedestal-base ewer complete with its spout.

WMID-F084B0: MICROBURIN
A collection of three knapped microburins, dating to the Mesolithic period between c. 8000 BC - c. 4000 BC (length ranging from 11-21mm; average thickness: 3mm; collective weight: 1.74g).A bulb of percussion and ripples or 'lunettes' are visible on the ventral (lower face) side of the largest piece. Multiple arrises are on all but one piece, with normally 2-4 arrises on the dorsal (upper face) side.In his 2004 publication 'Guide to the Identification, Assessment and Recording of Lithics October 2004, Version 1',page 209, C J Bond describes microburins as 'a by-product of the manufacture of microliths, formed by working a notch into the edge of a blade by an anvil technique. This process will then cause the blade to break obliquely, giving a microburin with a pointed break, 'piquant triedre'. The diagnostic feature is the burin notch or 'facet'. This technology occurs throughout the Mesolithic. However, in the Later Mesolithic with the reduction in blades and bladelets, this determines that the microburin is also reduced in size'.

WMID-F06E58: MICROLITH
A collection of eight knapped isosceles and scalene triangular-shaped microliths, dating to the Mesolithic period between c. 8000 BC - c. 4000 BC (length ranging from 12-20mm; average thickness: 2.5mm; collective weight: 2.15g).There are multiple arrises on the microlith, with normally 2-3 arrises on each piece. There is also some re-touch along the edges on a few artefacts.In his 2004 publication 'Guide to the Identification, Assessment and Recording of Lithics October 2004, Version 1',page 209, C J Bond describes microliths as a 'small blunt or bladelet, often with bulb removed and retouched by blunting, abrupt retouch along one or more edges. Types range from those produced using a 'broad' and 'narrow' blade technology and forms are classified in shape by non-geometric or geometric outlines'.

WMID-F059C3: MICROLITH
A collecton of seventy knapped flint microliths with backed points, dating to the Mesolithic period between c. 8000 - c. 4000 BC (length ranging from 9-27.5mm; average thickness: 2.5mm; collective weight: 32.55g).There are multiple arrises on the dorsal (upper face) side of the microliths, with normally 2-4/5 arrises on each piece. There is also some evidence of re-touching on the artefacts.In his 2004 publication 'Guide to the Identification, Assessment and Recording of Lithics October 2004, Version 1',page 209, C J Bond describes microliths as a 'small blunt or bladelet, often with bulb removed and retouched by blunting, abrupt retouch along one or more edges. Types range from those produced using a 'broad' and 'narrow' blade technology and forms are classified in shape by non-geometric or geometric outlines'.

WMID-F047E1: MICROLITH
A collection of two knapped microliths or convex re-touched pieces, dating to the Mesolithic period between c. 8000 BC - c. 4000 BC (length ranging from 14-17mm; average thickness: 1.5mm; collective weight: 0.40g).There are one or two arrises on each of these small pieces, with some re-touching along the edges.In his 2004 publication 'Guide to the Identification, Assessment and Recording of Lithics October 2004, Version 1',page 209, C J Bond describes microliths as a 'small blunt or bladelet, often with bulb removed and retouched by blunting, abrupt retouch along one or more edges. Types range from those produced using a 'broad' and 'narrow' blade technology and forms are classified in shape by non-geometric or geometric outlines'.

WMID-F03041: MICROLITH
A collection of five knapped microliths or bilaterally re-touched pieces (rods), dating to the Mesolithic period between c. 8000 BC - c. 4000 BC (length ranging from 10-22.5mm; average thickness: 2.5mm; collective weight: 1.02g).There are multiple arrises on the dorsal (upper face) side, with normally 2-4 arrises on each piece. There are also small areas of re-touch on the artefacts too.In his 2004 publication 'Guide to the Identification, Assessment and Recording of Lithics October 2004, Version 1',page 209, C J Bond describes microliths as a 'small blunt or bladelet, often with bulb removed and retouched by blunting, abrupt retouch along one or more edges. Types range from those produced using a 'broad' and 'narrow' blade technology and forms are classified in shape by non-geometric or geometric outlines'.

WMID-F01677: MICROLITH
A collection of twenty-six knapped possible microliths (some broken) with some re-touch, dating to the Mesolithic period between c. 8000 - c. 4000 BC (length ranging from 8-28mm; average thickness: 3.5mm; collective weight: 13.10g).Many of these microliths/ flakes have multiple arrises on the dorsal (upper face) side, with normally 1-4 arrises on each piece. There is some evidence of re-touch to either side of the length of some of these artefacts.In his 2004 publication 'Guide to the Identification, Assessment and Recording of Lithics October 2004, Version 1',page 209, C J Bond describes microliths as a 'small blunt or bladelet, often with bulb removed and retouched by blunting, abrupt retouch along one or more edges. Types range from those produced using a 'broad' and 'narrow' blade technology and forms are classified in shape by non-geometric or geometric outlines'.

WMID-EFDA84: MICROLITH
A collection of twenty-seven knapped flint microliths with obliquely truncated points, dating from the Mesolithic period between c. 8000 BC - c. 4000 BC (length ranging from 12-35mm; average thickness: 2.5mm; collective weight: 16.60g).Many of these microliths have multiple arrises on the dorsal (upper face) side, with normally between 2-4 arrises on each piece. There is no real evidence on these microliths of any re-touch along the edges or surface.In his 2004 publication 'Guide to the Identification, Assessment and Recording of Lithics October 2004, Version 1',page 209, C J Bond describes microliths as a 'small blunt or bladelet, often with bulb removed and retouched by blunting, abrupt retouch along one or more edges. Types range from those produced using a 'broad' and 'narrow' blade technology and forms are classified in shape by non-geometric or geometric outlines'.

Two rim sherds, one body sherd and one base sherd or wheel-thrown Roman grey ware pottery, dating from the 1st-4th century AD (average thickness: 11mm; collective weight: 138.70g). The fabric of these sherds has a smooth texture with small sporadic grit inclusions throughout. It appears that each sherd comes from a different vessel, but most grey ware pottery would have been used for domestic or kitchen use. The base sherd appears to have been in contact with a fire due to the blackening in colour of the outer surface.

WMID-345866: BROOCH
A fragment of a cast copper alloy possible small-long brooch, dating to the Early Medieval period between AD 400-600 (length: 17mm; width: 28mm; thickness: 12mm; weight: 8.56g). This fragment appears to be part of the flat sectioned head-plate (broken and incomplete) and arched bow (also broken and incomplete) of a small-long brooch, with a ridge and recess moulding directly above the arch and two irregular incised lines running down the length of the arch. Additionally, there is a faint crescent ridge radiating from the top of the arch onto the head-plate. The back of the artefact is undecorated. Overall, the possible brooch fragment is in a worn and corroded condition with none of the original patina remaining. Similar examples are illustrated in MacGregor, A & Bolick, E, 1993, ‘Ashmolean Museum, Oxford: A Summary Catalogue of the Anglo-Saxon Collections (Non-Ferrous Metals)’, pages 124-147, particularly ref no 15.11, found in an excavated grave at Brighthampton, Oxfordshire.

WMID-33C9B6: BROOCH
An incomplete cast copper alloy trumpet brooch (classified by Richard Hattatt as a ‘Chester and allied’ brooch), dating to the 1st/ 2nd century AD (length: 34mm; width/ diameter at the head: 12mm; thickness/ depth: 15mm; weight: 5.58g). Above the circular head at the top of the brooch, there is a small rectangular protruding platform with two slightly raised ridges running across its length, with an incomplete circular suspension loop above. The bow of the brooch is D-shaped in section and is broken immediately below a small semi-circular central button with a single semi-circular ridge above and below. There is no other decoration along the bow. At the back of the head, the copper alloy spring has four visible turns (they would have originally been five) with an additional loop underneath the spring. None of the copper alloy pin survives and the brooch is broken above the catch plate. Overall, the brooch is in a worn but fair condition with a dark green patina. Similar examples are illustrated in Hattatt’s ‘Brooches of Antiquity’, 1987, pages 124-8, fig 42, ref no 952, found in Wiltshire, as well as others illustrated in Hattatt’s ‘Iron Age & Roman Brooches’, 1985, pages 105-112, fig 45, ref nos 438A, found near Blandford, Dorset, and 438B, found near Lambourn, Berkshire.

WMID-336A05: FLAKE
A complete knapped flint flake, dating to the Neolithic period between c. 4000 – c. 2200 BC (length: 22mm; width: 20mm; thickness: 4mm; weight: 1.22g). There is a small striking platform at the top of the ventral (lower face) side of the flake, with a bulb of percussion, small eraillure scar and further radial scars below. Additionally, there are faint curved ripples or ‘lunettes’ running down the ventral side. On the dorsal (upper face) side there is another eraillure scar, possibly indicating that the flake may have been struck twice – once on either side. There are no arrises on the dorsal side. There are very small knapping/ worked areas around the outside edge of the flake, but they do not appear to be of a practical use.

WMID-331ED2: STRAP FITTING
A complete cast copper alloy strap/ belt fitting in the form of a snake, of Modern dating (18th to 20th Centuries AD) (length: 36mm; width: 18mm; thickness: 3mm; weight: 5.65g). This 'S' shaped buckle is sub-oval in section and has a pointed head (with a bird/ eagle appearance) at one end with the eye and mouth clearly marked on both sides. However, small and multiple lines of crescent scales are only visible on one side, which appear just below the head to the tail of the artefact, which tapers to a slanted point. The artefact is in a worn but fair condition with a dark green patina. Similar examples are illustrated in Gorgon Bailey's 'Detector Finds 3', 1997, pages 20-1. Bailey states that the 'snake form belt hooks' became popular during the 16th century, where an example can be seen in the portrait of Robert Dudley, 1st Earl of Leicester, c. 1575. The fastener was part of a sword belt, and was used in place of the normal buckle. It is likely that these strap fittings would have been tinned or gilded. The snake belt hook would seem to have fallen from fashion by the 17th century, and remained so until the end of the 18th century, when it was favoured by the military (Bailey, page 20).

WMID-32FD75: BUCKLE
An incomplete cast copper alloy double loop trapezoidal buckle, dating to the 16th/ 17th century (length: 31mm; width: 20mm; thickness: 5mm; weight: 3.32g). A flat buckle (although bent to one side), with pointed triangular ends and a lobed protrusion either end of the strap bar. There is no other decoration. Less than half of the copper alloy pin remains curled round the strap bar. The buckle is in a worn and poor condition with very little of the dark green patina remaining. Similar examples are illustrated in Ross Whitehead's 'Buckles 1250-1800', 1996, page 82, ref nos 512-3.

A complete but slightly clipped struck/ hammered silver penny of Edward I (probably Class 10), minted in London between AD 1301-1310 (diameter: 19mm; thickness: 0.8mm; weight: 1.38g). The coin is in a slightly worn but good condition. Ref: North , J, J, ‘English Hammered Coinage Volume 2: Edward I to Charles II 1272-1662’, pages 31-32.

WMID-310857: STIRRUP
A complete cast copper alloy stirrup strap mount, dating to the 11th century AD (length: 44mm; width at base: 29mm; thickness at flange: 8mm; weight: 21.30g). Classified by David Williams in 'Late Saxon Stirrup-Strap Mounts: A Classification & Catalogue' [1997], as a Group A, Type 11A mount (pages 58-67, ref nos 225-245 & 261-268), the artefact is sub-triangular in form and depicts a 'lion-like quadruped with front paw raised and tail curved over its back (Williams, 1995, 'Finds Research Group 700-1700 Datasheet 20: Stirrup Mounts', page 3). Even though this example is badly worn and corroded, the head is raised and the mouth would usually be open as if reaching for an object invariably pendent within the frame. Williams also states that 'a lion of similar posture appears in the mid-11th century Crowland psalter, craning upward to grasp the point of a spear held by Christ (Williams, 1995, page 2; fig 3 & page 3), and others appear in the borders of the Bayeux Tapestry. Class/ Group A mounts are fixed to the stirrup strap through a single apex loop visible at the top of the mount with trifid decoration directly below, as well as connecting to the stirrup at the base of the mount where there are two rivet holes directly above the Type A or common right angle flange at the base, as seen in Williams, 1997, page 25, fig 18A. The mount is in a worn and corroded condition. Very little of the original patina remains and there are some areas of bronze disease on the back of the artefact. Stirrup strap mounts have a wide distribution within England and to an uncertain extent on the near continent, but most examples in England appear across southern Britain from East Anglia down towards the south west, as well as large scatters around the Lincolnshire/ Humberside area. Many of the mounts of Class, Group A show elements abstracted from or influenced by the Late Viking Ringerike and Urnes styles, as well as from other uncertain sources. The Ringerike style belongs to the first half of the 11th century, with the Urnes style developing out of the Ringerike around the middle of the 11th century. The Urnes style is still current in Ireland in the early 12th century but in England it is likely to have blended with the Romanesque style before the end of the 11th century (Williams, 1997, page 8), indicating the very likely date of the 11th century for most stirrup strap mounts.

WMID-F88F82: SPUR
A fragment of a cast copper alloy rowel spur, dating to the Medieval / Post Medieval period from the 14th-17th century AD (length: 36.5mm; width: 11mm; thickness: 12mm; weight: 14.76g). The rowel box is the only fragment that survives with a moulded neck (which is broken beyond this feature where the spur arms would have originally extended from). To the other side of the moulded decoration, there is a pinched/ indented area before the roxel box splits in two with a sub-oval hole in the centre where the rowel would have been (now missing). The rowel box terminates with one complete and one broken rivet hole (rivets now missing), which would have held the rowel in place. The artefact is in a slightly worn and fair condition with a dark green patina. Similar examples are illustrated in John Clark's ' The Medieval Horse and Its Equipment: Medieval Finds from Excavations in London: c. 1150 - c. 1450', 1995, pages 139-140, ref nos 335-6.

WMID-F7BFD0: VESSEL
A slightly incomplete cast copper alloy cauldron leg, dating from the 12th-16th century AD (length: 55mm; width at base of leg: 41mm; thickness: 24mm; weight: 135.12g). The artefact is sub-trapezoidal in shape with a slanted and concave top (where the leg would have been attached to the vessel), which then splays/ extends outwards in width but tapers to a narrow point in side profile at the base. The artefact is in a slightly worn and fair condition with a dark green patina, with a small fragment broken from the side of the foot.

WMID-E422C4: JETTON
A complete struck/ hammered copper alloy 'rose and orb' jetton, dating to the 16th/ 17th century AD (diameter: 27mm; thickness: 1mm; weight: 6.97g). The jetton is in a worn and poor condition.

WMID-E3DEF4: JETTON
A complete struck/ hammered copper alloy 'rose and orb' jetton, minted by Wolf Lauffer between AD 1612-1651 (diameter: 21.5mm; thickness: 0.2mm; weight: 1.04g). The jetton is in a slightly worn but good condition with a circular drilled hole near the outside edge, indicating that the artefact may have been re-used as a pendant. Mitchiner, M, 1988, 'Jetons, Medalets & Tokens: The Medieval Period and Nurmeburg Volume One', pages 483-5.

WMID-E38034: COIN
A complete struck/ hammered silver Venetian soldino, probably of Leonardo Loredano, minted between AD 1501-21 (diameter: 12mm; thickness: 0.2mm; weight: 0.25g). The coin is in a slightly worn and good condition. Friedberg, R, 1958, 'Gold Coins of the World: Complete from 600 AD to 1958', page 260, ref nos 28/29.

WMID-E02BB7: TOKEN
An incomplete cast lead token, dating from the 15th-17th century AD (diameter: 39mm; thickness: 2mm; weight: 11.12g). The token is only decorated on one side with a six-foil/ petal motif, which is interrupted by an inner raised circle (diameter: 24mm). In the centre of the six-foil, there is a single pellet, as well as a pellet appearing in between each 'petal' of the six-foil just outside the inner circle. There is a raised border around the outside edge of the artefact (6mm from the inner circle). There is no decoration on the reverse of the token. Overall, the token is in a slightly worn but fair condition with small breaks around the outside edge. Similar examples are illustrated in Mitchiner, M & Skinner, A, 1984, 'English Tokens c. 1425 to 1672', in 'The British Numismatic Journal, Volume 54', pages 86-163, particularly those dated to the Early Tudor period [Plates 7-8].

WMID-8FAB97: TOKEN
A complete cast lead token, dating from the 15th/ 16th century AD (diameter: 38mm; thickness: 3mm; weight: 15.17g). The token is only decorated on one side with a rounded shield and the whole of the obverse divided by a long cross fourchee, with an annulet in each top quarter and an pellet in the two bottom quarters of the shield. There is a border around the outside of the token (width: 5mm), with an irregular zigzag line inside. In the middle section of the artefact, between the shield and the border, there appears to possible pellets or slight design in each quarter. There is no decoration on the reverse of the token. Similar examples are illustrated in Mitchiner, M & Skinner, A, 1984, 'English Tokens c. 1425 to 1672', in 'The British Numismatic Journal, Volume 54', pages 86-163, particularly those dated to the Early Tudor period [Plates 7-8].

WMID-62DD77: COIN
A complete silver struck/ hammered sixpence of William III, minted between AD 1696-7 (diameter: 20.5mm; thickness: 1mm; weight: 2.81g). The coin is in a worn but fair condition. Ref: Mitchell & Reed, 'Coins of England and the United Kingdom', 30th edition, 1995, pages 238-9.

An incomplete/ slightly clipped silver short cross penny, minted by John in London between AD 1194-1205 (diameter: 19mm; thickness: 0.5mm; weight: 1.14g). The coin can be identified as a Class 4b (as classified by North, 1980), and is in a slightly worn and fair condition. Ref: North, J, J, 1980, 'English Hammered Coinage Volume I: Early Anglo-Saxon to Henry III, c. 600-1272, page 178, ref nos 968/2 or 968/3. Ref: Wren, C, 1992, 'The Short Cross Coinage 1180-1247: Henry II to Henry III: An Illustrated Guide to Identification', pages 29, 35, 40 & 49.

WMID-611AC3: COIN
An incomplete/ clipped silver sixpence of Elizabeth I, minted as part of the Second Issue coinage in AD 1568 (diameter: 26mm; thickness: 1mm; weight 2.55g). The coin is in a slightly worn and fair condition. Ref: North, J, J, 1991, 'English Hammered Coinage Volume 2: Edward I to Charles II, 1272-1662', page 134, ref no 1997.

An incomplete struck/ hammered silver denarius (light weight and short of flan), minted by Nero in Rome between AD 65-7 (diameter: 16mm; thickness: 2.5mm; weight: 1.90g). The coin is in a slightly worn but good condition. Ref: Sutherland, 1984, 'Roman Imperial Coinage I, Vol II, ref nos 60 & 67.

An incomplete/ clipped silver shilling of Elizabeth I, minted as part of the Third Issue of coinage between AD 1583-84/5 (diameter: 29mm; thickness: 0.5mm; weight: 4.85g). Mintmark on obverse and reverse: A. The coin is in a slightly worn but fair condition. Ref: North, J, J, 1991, 'English Hammered Coinage Volume 2: Edward I to Charles II, 1272-1662', page 136, ref no 2014.

WMID-4F3575: BUCKLE
An incomplete cast copper alloy double looped oval buckle (pin missing) with moulded floral decoration, dating to the 16th/ 17th century AD (length: 41mm; width: 28mm; thickness: 2mm; weight: 5.78g). There is cinquefoil moulding on the outer edge of each loop and trefoil moulding at either end of the strap bar, which is narrowed and slightly recessed from the front edge of the frame. The decorative and side profile is slightly raised at the front of the buckle, but the back of the artefact is completely flat. The buckle is in a worn and corroded condition with some probable patches of tinning on the surface. A similar example is illustrated in Ross Whitehead’s ‘Buckles 1250-1800’, page 65, ref no 403.

WMID-BF23A2: BUCKLE
An incomplete cast iron annular/ circular framed probable shoe buckle with central bar, dating to the 15th/ 16th century AD (diameter:33mm; thickness: 4.5mm; weight: 5.91g). Similar to the main frame of the buckle, the central strap bar (length: 23mm; diameter: 3mm) is also circular in section. There is no decoration on the artefact and none of the pin remains. Overall, the buckle is in a corroded but fair condition. Similar examples in copper alloy or lead-tin are illustrated in Egan & Pritchard’s ‘Dress Accessories c 1150 – c 1450’, 2002, pages 65-6, ref nos 214, 216, 220 & 227.

WMID-BF0FA3: BUCKLE
An incomplete cast copper alloy double-looped oval buckle, dating to the 15th/ 16th century AD (length: 24mm; width: 19mm; thickness: 3mm; weight: 2.55g). A slightly uneven buckle with remains of probable black lacquer on the front and back surfaces, these artefact has a narrowed strap bar (with the pin completely missing) in across the centre and slightly wider outside edges for decoration. The front face of the buckle is slightly rounded, whilst being completely flat on the back. Overall, the buckle is in a worn and corroded condition with small areas of bronze disease around the edges. Similar examples are illustrated in Egan & Pritchard’s ‘Dress Accessories c 1150 – c 1450’, 2002, pages 82-3, ref nos 333-339.

WMID-BEF735: DRESS HOOK
An incomplete cast copper alloy clothes fastener/ dress hook, dating to the 17th century AD (length: 19mm; width: 14mm; thickness: 2mm; weight: 1.33g). Comprised of a five sided shield-shaped form, this artefact (with the hook now missing) has an openwork foliage design. There is a rectangular openwork section at the top, with small broken terminals protruding into the gap, suggesting that there may have been further decoration, which is now broken. Below this section, there is another rectangular central section where there appears to be three openwork trefoil or heart-shaped designs in a line, above the central cable border. Underneath this border, in a half-circular section, there are five holes forming an unclear design. Four small protruding lobes are present at the curved base of the artefact, before the original hook would have been attached below. The back of the dress hook is flat and undecorated. Overall, the artefact is in a worn and poor condition with a light green patina. An identical example is illustrated in Margeson's 'Norwich Households: Medieval and Post-Medieval Finds from the Norwich Survey Excavations 1971-78', 1993, page 17, fig 8, ref no 71, dated from AD 1650-1700. Margeson also states that the dress hook or hooked tag 'seems to have undergone a revival in the 16th century, when cast, highly decorated and often openwork examples were popular. They, like their Saxon equivalents, were clearly used for a variety of purposes associated with clothes fastening and accessories'. From material excavated in Amsterdam, some of these tags were 'used at each end of a decorative chain, perhaps for fastening a cloak. the sharp hooks were probably used with cords or hooked straight into the material, rather than with "eyes". The examples from Amsterdam come from ;ate 16th/ early 17th-century contexts' (page 17).

WMID-BEE620: BUCKLE
An incomplete cast copper alloy single looped and sub-circular buckle, dating from the 12th-14th century AD (length: 22.5mm; width: 36mm; thickness: 3mm; weight: 5.36g). A plain and undecorated D-sectioned buckle frame (the pin is now missing) with a narrowed strap bar and a small notch (length: 4mm; width: 1mm) in the centre of the outside edge where the pin would have originally rested. The buckle frame is angular in form, comprised of five main sides that are particularly noticeable along the outside edge. There are numerous scratch marks along the surface of the buckle, and overall, the artefact is in a slightly worn but fair condition with a dark green/ brown patina. A similar example is illustrated in Egan & Pritchard’s ‘Dress Accessories c 1150 – c 1450’, 2002, pages 68-9, ref no 264, ref no 264.

WMID-BEBB43: BUCKLE
A slightly incomplete cast copper alloy single looped D-shaped buckle, dating from the 12th-15th century AD (length: 25mm; width: 27mm; thickness: 6mm; weight: 7.14g). A decorative frame with the strap bar off set and narrowed. The frame is unevenly expanded along the sides and the outside edge, with a large notch (length: 6.5mm; width: 3mm) in the centre of the outside edge to hold the pin. Only half of the cast copper alloy pin survives (length: 14mm; width: 3mm), and is still curled round the strap bar. The back of the buckle is flat and undecorated. The buckle is in a worn and corroded condition with several patches of bronze disease, but overall has a light green patina. Similar examples of this buckle are illustrated in Egan & Pritchard’s ‘Dress Accessories c 1150 – c 1450’, 2002, pages 68 & 70, ref no 274, and pages 74-5, ref nos 303-305.

WMID-BEA424: BUCKLE
An incomplete cast copper alloy double-looped rectangular buckle, dating to the 17th century AD (length: 13mm; width: 21mm; thickness: 1.5mm; weight: 1.27g). A flat, plain buckle fragment with only half of the frame remaining and a decorative knob at one end of the strap bar. The artefact is in a worn and corroded condition with a dark green patina.

WMID-BE4B04: VESSEL
Cast copper-alloy zoomorphic spout from a 15th-century pedestal-base ewer (length: approx 68mm; width: 53mm; thickness: 19mm; weight: 79.10g). The spout has an angular dog’s head terminal with a tubular spout extending out from the dog’s open lozenge-shaped mouth (internal diameter of spout: 7mm). The dog’s head has strongly incised ridges and protrusions, including rectangular ears to either side of the head and heavy ridged eyebrows. The eyes are not delineated. A single ridge runs centrally between the ears of the dog, and then continues, although less well defined, down the neck of the spout (with two other ridges to either side) to the hollow opening at the back. The back of the spout would have been soldered to the vessel. It is undecorated and curves to a pointed terminal, with a slanted indentation continuing to a circular opening at the top, which then leads to the front of the spout. The artefact is in a slightly worn condition with a brown patina. A similar dog’s head spout can be seen elsewhere on the Portable Antiquities Scheme’s database (record WMID-FFD0E2). Lewis (1987, fig. 8A) illustrates another, from the moat at Cardiff Castle, and dates them to the 15th century. The spouts are normally found detached from their ewers, but Lewis also illustrates an example of a pedestal-base ewer complete with its spout.

WMID-BE38B5: STEELYARD WEIGHT
An incomplete bi-conical cast lead steelyard weight, possibly dating to the Roman period from the 1st-4th century AD (length: 45mm; diameter: 43mm; weight: exceeds weight of scales). The top half of the weight rises to a pointed tip, where there is a considerable amount of iron corrosion probably suggesting that there was an iron attachment loop at. The bottom of the steelyard weight has a rounded base. Overall, the artefact is in a worn but fair condition.

WMID-BE2C43: BUCKLE
An incomplete cast copper alloy single looped and D-shaped buckle, dating from the 13th-15th century AD (length: 22mm; width: 33.5mm; thickness: 5mm; weight: 5.15g). The buckle has an off set and narrowed strap bar, where less than half of the cast copper alloy pin (length: 9mm) is still attached. At the opposing ends of the strap bar, the frame protrudes outwards slightly. There is no decoration, but a couple of indentations along the outside edge of the frame indicate where the pin may have originally rested when complete. The buckle is in a worn and poor condition when extensive corrosion throughout. A similar example is illustrated in Egan & Pritchard’s ‘Dress Accessories c 1150 – c 1450’, 2002, pages 68 & 70, fig 42, ref no 271.

WMID-BE1EF2: BUCKLE
An incomplete cast copper alloy single looped oval framed buckle (pin missing), with attached sheet copper alloy roller and plate, dating to the 13th/ 14th century AD (length: 35mm; width: 21mm; thickness: 4mm; weight: 5.06g). The sub-rectangular buckle has slightly protruding outside edges to either side, with the roller still connected at the end (length: 16mm; diameter: 4mm). The sheet rectangular plate is folded back on itself (length: 23mm; width: 16mm; thickness: 3mm) round the off set and narrowed strap bar, and is recessed for the frame with a central slot/ gap where the copper alloy pin would have originally been. There is a single centrally placed copper alloy rivet at the end of the plate, which would have attached the artefact to the end of an individual’s belt. The buckle and plate are in a worn but fair condition with slight breaks at the edges of the plate. The artefact has a dark green patina. A similar example is illustrated in Egan & Pritchard’s ‘Dress Accessories c 1150 – c 1450’, 2002, pages 76-7, fig 46, ref no 315.

WMID-BDE416: COIN
An incomplete and clipped struck/ hammered silver penny of Edward III in the Transitional series of the Treaty Period between AD 1361-1363 (North, 'English Hammered Coinage Vol II', 1991, page 55, ref no 1228) or Henry VI as part of the Leaf-pellet issue between AD 1445-1454 (North, 'English Hammered Coinage Vol II', 1991, page 80, ref no 1510) (diameter: 18.5mm; thickness: 0.5mm; weight: 0.99g). The coin is in a worn and poor condition.

WMID-3DF9B3: MOUNT
An incomplete cast copper alloy decorated mount with leather attached, dating to the 17th century AD (length: 41mm; width: 12mm; thickness: 9mm; weight: 7.42g). This flat sub-rectangular mount has a rectangular central platform (length: 28mm; width: 8mm) with a raised border around the edge and six double chevrons running in one direction down its length. To either side of the width at the centre of the platform, there are small parallel and protruding half-circular lobes (diameter: 4mm) with indentations in the centre also as a form of direction. At either end of the length of the platform there are triple-lobed or fleur de lys decorative extensions (length: 6mm; width: 11mm). The back of the mount is completely covered with dark brown leather (length: 40mm; width: 12mm; thickness: approximately 3.5mm), which has survived in a good condition. One complete and two incomplete integral pointed lugs pierce the leather from the back of the mount (one at either end as well as one in the centre). Overall, the mount is in a slightly worn but good condition, particularly with the large amount of leather surviving. The artefact may have been used as a type of bar mount or decorative piece to adorn a person’s belt. Similar examples are illustrated in Brian Read’s ‘Metal Artefacts of Antiquity: A Catalogue of Small Finds from Specific Areas of the United Kingdom’, 2001, pages 29-30 & 34-7, particularly ref nos 272 (found in East Devon), which has three similar integral pointed lugs at the back of the mount, and ref nos 309-317, which all have a sub-rectangular form with decorative extensions at either end.

An incomplete struck/ hammered silver denarius of Hadrian (probably), probably minted in Rome between AD 134-138 (diameter: 17.5mm; thickness: 2mm; weight: 2.58g). The coin is in a worn but fair condition. Mattingly & Sydenham, 'Roman Imperial Coinage Vol II: Vespasian to Hadrian', page 368, ref no 241.

WMID-3C7F23: COIN
A struck/ hammered copper alloy Arabic coin, possibly minted in Tunis during the 16th/ 17th century AD (diameter: 20mm; thickness: 2mm; weight: 4.31g). The coin is in a worn ut fair condition. Only the Arabic for 'Sultan', 'mint of' and possibly Tunis as the mint have been translated. The remaining script is uncertain.

WMID-E9C6E5: COIN
An incomplete struck/ hammered silver penny of Edward IV (probably), minted in Durham by Bishop Lawrence Booth during his second reign between AD 1471-1483 (diameter: 15mm; thickness: 0.5mm; weight: 0.58g). The coin is in a slightly worn but fair condition. Ref: North, J, J, 'English Hammered Coinage Vol II', 1991, page 95, ref nos 1658-1663.

WMID-C5BAD4: BROOCH
An incomplete cast copper alloy Trumpet brooch, dating to the 1st/ 2nd century AD (length: 51mm; width at head: 15mm; thickness: 22mm; weight: 18.99g). A highly ornate brooch with some moulded Celtic motif scrollwork decoration, particularly near the head. The oval head has the remains of a projection at the top with an undecorated border running around the outside edge. The moulded symmetrical scrolled decoration to the left and right of the head comprises of a tear drop platform at either side with curved crescent-shaped mouldings extending out from the top. In between this decoration, two parallel lines run together to form a loop. Just below the head on the bow, the artefact becomes narrow before splaying outwards again before the upper transverse ridge. There is another transverse ridge below the plain central button. Underneath the lower transverse ridge, there is a single median rib with a small eye to either side, below which small diagonal ridges are pointing downwards towards the foot to create a V-shaped pattern with the ridges on the opposite side. This decoration terminates at a ridge running across the bow’s width, with the rounded knobbed foot at the base. At the back of the brooch, only part of the copper alloy spring mechanism remains with the central lug and nearly four turns , as well as a small fragment of what would have been the pin extending out from the spring and the copper alloy axis bar is still present. The catch plate is mostly complete and curls round to one side to originally hold the pin. Overall, the brooch is in a worn but fair condition with small areas or bronze disease, particularly at the head and the catch plate. Similar examples are illustrated in Richard Hattatt’s ‘Iron Age & Roman Brooches’, 1985, pages 106-7, ref no 431, found near Petersfield, Hampshire, which also features the eyes as part of the decoration, as well as the scrollwork at the head.

WMID-B007C7: COIN
A slightly clipped struck/ hammered Irish silver farthing of Edward I, minted in Dublin between AD 1272-1307 (diameter: 10.5mm; thickness: 0.2mm; weight: 0.36g). The coin is in a slightly wonr but fair condition. Ref: Seaby, P & Purvey, P, F, 'Standard Catalogue of British Coins Volume 2: Coins of Scotland, Ireland & the Islands', 1984, page 112, ref no 6267.

A slightly incomplete and clipped struck/ hammered silver halfgroat of Henry VIII, minted by Archbishop Edward Lee in York between AD 1530-1544 (diameter: 19mm; thickness: 0.2mm; weight: 1.24g). The coin is slightly worn and in a good condition. Ref: North, J, J, 'English Hammered Coinage', Volume II, page 112, ref no 1807.

WMID-1CD9C6: UNIDENTIFIED OBJECT
A fragment of an unidentified cast copper alloy artefact, possibly dating to the Medieval/ post Medieval period between AD 1200-1700 (length: 49mm; width: 11.5mm; thickness: 5mm; weight: 8.04g). The curved artefact is broken at either end and has a sub D-shaped section. Additionally, there is a flat and curved protrusion in the centre of the fragment. The artefact is in a slightly worn but fair condition with a dark green patina.

WMID-9ECB05: CLEAVER
An incomplete cast iron probable cleaver, probably dating to the Roman period between AD 43-410 (length: 185mm; width: 51mm; thickness at shaft: 15mm; weight: 220.70g). The artefact has an incomplete sub-rectangular tang (approximate length: 55mm), which expands outwards into a straight-backed tool with a damaged blade/ cutting edge, which was probably curved in shape. Overall, the artefact is in a worn and corroded condition. Similar examples are illustrated in W H Manning's 'Catalogue of the Romano-British Iron Tools, Fittings and Weapons in the British Museum;, 1985, page 123, plates 56-7, which includes examples from Hod Hill, Dorset; Chesterford, Essex and London. The majority of cleavers were probably used for butchering meat in a chopping meat in comparison to knives that were used for slicing. They generally take a number of forms and most are socketed rather than tanged (Manning, page 120).

WMID-9E5A56: HAMMER
An incomplete cast iron probable hand-hammer, probably dating to the Roman period between AD 43-410 (length: 104mm; width: 43mm; thickness: 22mm; weight: 202.65g). The artefact has a round eye set in an almost circular flat-sectioned head, which becomes narrow to either side to probably form a square face at one end and a cross-pane at the other. Both extensions to either side are incomplete, but one is longer and more intact than the other. Overall, the artefact is in a worn and corroded condition with numerous cracks at weeping on the surface. A similar example is illustrated in W H Manning's 'Catalogue of the Romano-British Iron Tools, Fittings & Weapons in the British Museum', 1985, page 5, plate 1, ref no A5, found at Pakenham, Suffolk. Manning states that the artefact is 'a typical example of a Roman hand-hammer, the round eye and wide expansion of the head around it being particularly characteristic'. He also mentions that other examples of this type have been found, for example, at The Lunt Roman Fort, Warwickshire; Newstead, Roxburghshire; Silchester and Chesterford, as well as other examples in Europe. It is difficult to assign the use of this type or hammer to another particular craft, but could have been used by almost any metalworker from the general blacksmith to the jeweller. The vast majority of the hand-hammers used by the Roman smith were cross-pane hammers; other forms to exist but they form only a small proportion of the total. A cross-pane hammer has a straight striking face of rectangular or rounded outline, balanced by a face which has a rounded chisel edge set at right angles to the line of the haft. Such a face will spread the struck metal lengthwise (Manning, page 5).

WMID-9CCB62: COIN
An incomplete struck/ hammered silver penny, minted in Durham between AD 1471-1509 (diameter: 15mm; thickness: 0.2mm; weight: 0.57g). It could have been minted by Edward IV (second reign: AD 1471-83); Richard III (AD 1483-85) or Henry VII (AD 1485-1509). The coin is in a worn and poor condition. North, J, J, 'English Hammered Coinage Volume II', pages 92-105.

WMID-9C34F3: COIN
An incomplete struck/ hammered silver Venetian soldino of the doge Michele Steno, minted in Venice between AD 1400-1413 (diameter: 15mm; thickness: 0.1mm; weight: 0.36g). The coin is in a slightly worn and fair condition. [ven] Ref: Friedburg, R, 'Gold Coins of the World', 1958, page 260, ref no 16.

WMID-9BED85: COIN
A silver Roman denarius of Augustus (27 BC-AD 14), of the moneyer L. Mescinius Rufus, dating to the period c.16 BC (Reece Period 1). L MESCINIVS RVFVS IIIVIR reverse type depicting Mars, helmeted and cloaked, standing left, holding spear in right hand and parazonium in left, on pedestal inscribed S P Q R V P S PR S ET RED AVG. Mint of Rome. RIC I (2nd ed.), p. 68 no. 356. Diamater: 18mm; thickness: 1.5mm; weight: 3.38g. The coin is in a worn but fair condition.

WMID-9BCCB5: HARNESS FITTING
A complete cast copper alloy strap distributor or harness fitting, dating to the Early Medieval period or the 10th/ 11th century AD (length: 56mm; width: 22mm; thickness at central boss: 11mm; weight: 20.90g). This artefact has a D-shaped cross-section with lozenge-shaped terminals at the centre of which are sub-oval apertures/ holes. At the outer edge of the terminals, there are rounded protruding knobs on each angle. In the centre, there is a raised convex roundel with a circular indentation as well as rounded knobs to either side. The underside of the artefact is flat with no decoration. The strap distributor is in a worn and corroded condition, with extensive areas of bronze disease on the upper surface of the artefact and the ends of the rounded knops. A similar but incomplete example is illustrated in Brian Read's 'Metal Artefacts of Antiquity', Volume I, 2001, page 62, ref no 474, found in South-East Lincolnshire.

WMID-965D87: JETTON
An incomplete struck/ hammered copper alloy probable French jetton, dating to the 15th/ 16th century AD (diameter: 27.5mm; thickness: 1.5mm; weight: 6.13g). Most of the jetton an inscription is unrecognisable, but there is a cross on one side. The artefact is in a worn and poor condition.

WMID-95C2C1: STRAP FITTING
A complete cast copper alloy belt fitting or suspension loop, dating to the 17th/ 18th century AD (length: 24.5mm; width: 50mm; thickness/ diameter of suspension loop: 10.5mm; weight: 7.20g). Of sub rectangular form with a circular suspension loop at the top, this artefact is in a worn and corroded condition (with small areas of bronze disease) and a dark green green/ brown patina.

WMID-958052: CAULDRON
A complete cast copper alloy cauldron leg, dating to the 15th/ 16th century AD (length: 86mm; width at base: 56mm; thickness at base: 36mm; weight: exceeds weight of scales). This large paw-shaped cauldron leg/ foot has the toes well pronounced near the base of the artefact with a slight ridge (but badly corroded) running down the centre from top to bottom. The artefact is slanted in length as well as having a slanted and uneven base. The artefact is in a very worn and encrusted condition with a patchy dark green patina and large amounts of yellow and green bronze disease. Similar examples are illustrated in Egan's 'The Medieval Household: Medieval Finds from Excavations in London', 1998, pages 164 & 166, ref no 460, dating to the 15th century. Another elaborate example appears in Margeson's 'Norwich Households: Medieval and Post-Medieval Finds from Norwich Survey Excavations 1971-78', 1993, pages 92-3, ref no 570,and dates to the 16th/ 17th century AD. This artefact is similar to anf found near to WMID-F17487.

WMID-952783: BUCKLE
A incomplete cast copper alloy rectangular buckle with a drilled frame for a separate spindle, dating to the 17th/ 18th century AD (length: 31mm; width: 20mm; thickness: 4mm; weight: 6.41g). The buckle has central pointed ends with a serrated/ moulded outer edge. Additionally, there are four shallow grooves to either side of the complete copper alloy spindle. The pointed triangular pin is complete but the termianl of the attahced chape is missing. The artefact is undecorated on the back and is in a worn but fair condition with a dark brown patina. A similar example is illustrated in Whitehead's 'Buckles 1250-1800', page 101, ref no 644.

WMID-94F624: BUCKLE
An incomplete cast copper alloy trapezoidal shoe or knee buckle with a drilled frame for a separate spindle, dating to the 17th/ 18th century AD (length: 31.5mm; width: 24mm; thickness: 4mm; weight: 6.25g). The buckle has concave ends and moulded, bifid sides. At either end, there are linear recesses where the pin (now missing) would have originally laid. The chape, stud and spindle are also missing. There is no decoration on the bottom of the artefact and is in a worn but fair condition with a dark green/ brown patina. A similar example is illustrated in Whitehead's 'Buckles 1250-1800', page 99, ref no 621.

WMID-293C02: VESSEL
Twenty-five ceramic wheel-thrown vessel sherds, probably dating from the 1st-4th century AD. These include one small Samian body sherd (dimensions: 24 x 15mm; thickness: 4mm; weight: 0.90g); one orange ware handle sherd (dimensions: 34 x 33.5mm; thickness: 19mm; weight: 10.75g); one grey ware base sherd (dimensions: 33 x 31mm; thickness: 18mm; weight: 7.73g); two grey ware neck sherds (average thickness: 8mm; group weight: 23.18g); one orange ware rim sherd (dimensions: 37 x 17mm; thickness: 12mm; weight: 7.13g); five orange ware body sherds (average thickness: 6mm; group weight: 35.77g) and fourteen grey ware body sherds (average thickness: 6mm; group weight: 132.53g). The orange and grey ware sherds are probably Severn Valley ware, with a hard but fine-textured fabric. The sherds are slightly micaceous and are undecorated. Widely distributed Severn Valley forms include handled tankards, storage and wide-mouthed jars, with production flourishing during the 2nd and early 3rd and continuing into the 4th century AD. Several 2nd/ 3rd century kiln sites are known, extending through the Severn valley (Alkington, Ledbury, Malvern, Perry Barr) to Wroxeter. The earliest production centres are not yet identified, but they were perhaps in the Gloucester region. During the mid 1st century AD, distribution was largely confined to sites in the Severn valley near the Gloucester region, but from the later 1st century, distributions were present at and around Wroxeter and Chester. The pottery is abundant on sites in the lower Severn basin through the 2nd/ 3rd century, but there was extension of small-scale supply to north-west England and near Hadrian’s Wall and Scotland in the 2nd century (Tyers, 1996, page 197-9).

WMID-28FFB7: VESSEL
Six ceramic wheel-thrown vessel sherds, probably dating from the 2nd-4th century AD. Three of these are orange ware body sherds (group weight: 35.19g; average thickness: 6mm), two are grey ware body sherds (group weight: 23.09g; average thickness: 6mm), and one white bodied base sherd (weight: 25.08g; thickness: 17.5mm; dimensions: 48 x 37mm). The orange and grey ware sherds are probably Severn Valley ware, with a hard but fine-textured fabric. The sherds are slightly micaceous and are undecorated. Widely distributed Severn Valley forms include handled tankards, storage and wide-mouthed jars, with production flourishing during the 2nd and early 3rd and continuing into the 4th century AD. Several 2nd/ 3rd century kiln sites are known, extending through the Severn valley (Alkington, Ledbury, Malvern, Perry Barr) to Wroxeter. The earliest production centres are not yet identified, but they were perhaps in the Gloucester region. During the mid 1st century AD, distribution was largely confined to sites in the Severn valley near the Gloucester region, but from the later 1st century, distributions were present at and around Wroxeter and Chester. The pottery is abundant on sites in the lower Severn basin through the 2nd/ 3rd century, but there was extension of small-scale supply to north-west England and near Hadrian’s Wall and Scotland in the 2nd century (Tyers, 1996, page 197-9).

An incomplete struck/ hammered silver cut half short cross penny of John, probably minted by Ravlf in London between 1204/ 5 – c. 1210 and identified as Class 5c (diameter: 17.9mm; thickness: 0.7mm; weight: 0.57g). The coin is in a slightly worn and fair condition. The distinguishing feature of Class 5c is the letter ‘X’, which is now in the form of a ‘St. Andrew’s Cross’ or a flat satire formed from four wedges. The sceptre now usually divides the obverse legend between R and E of REX.

WMID-164C36: BUCKLE
An incomplete cast copper alloy double loop oval buckle with moulded decoration on the loop, dating to the 16th/ 17th century AD (length: 33mm; width: 37.3mm; thickness: 2.8mm; weight: 4.91g). On the one complete loop, there are the corroded remains of a bilobed knop half way down the outside edge. There are also slight suggestions/ protrusions of moulding to either side of this central decoration. There are lobed protruding knops to either end of the strap bar, which is recessed. there are only small protruding remains on the second loop remaining. The buckle is flat and undecorated on the back, and the artefact is in a worn and corroded condition with a patchy dark green patina and remains of a black lacquer coating. The buckle is also suffering from bronze disease in several areas. Similar examples are illustrated in Whitehead, 1996, page 66, particularly ref no 409.

WMID-0302A7: BELL
An incomplete cast copper alloy crotal bell, dating to the 17th/ 18th century AD (length: 34.9mm; diameter: 27.2mm; thickness at handle: 3.7mm; weight: 20.67g). The main body of the bell has a spherical hollow case with the bell still inside, which appears to be made of iron. At the top of the sphere, there is a rectangular suspension loop. Below this loop and to either side at the top of the sphere, there are two holes, one of which has expanded in size due to damage, but the other has a diameter of 5.2mm. Below these holes, a protruding rib runs around the sphere. The bottom of the sphere is undecorated, apart from a narrow slit (width: 2.1mm) with holes at either end (average diameter: 6mm). The artefact is in a worn and corroded condition with a dark green patina and several areas of bronze disease.

An incomplete and heavily clipped struck/ hammered silver probable shilling of Elizabeth I, dating between AD 1558 – 1603 (diameter: 21.2mm; thickness: 0.8mm; weight: 2.50g). The coin has been so heavily clipped that none of the inscription or outer detail remains. The coin is in a worn and poor condition.

WMID-021BE4: STIRRUP
An incomplete cast copper alloy stirrup strap mount, dating to the 11th century AD and classified as a Class A, Type 1 example (length: 46.1mm; width: 29.8mm; thickness at flange: 7mm; weight: 16.82g). The mount has a sub-triangular and pentagonal form with a Type A common right angled flange (width: 24.9mm) at the base, with two complete rivet holes (diameter: 2.9mm) present at the base immediately above the flange. Above the rivet holes (where none of the rivets survive), there are two triangular pointed and integral protrusions at either side of the mount's width. After the decoration, the mount tapers to an incomplete rounded tip at the top where a single incomplete rivet hole appears (with no rivet surviving). From the side vies, the mount has a curved appearance, and there is no other decoration present or remaining on the front as the artefact is worn and in a poor condition with a light green patina. Similar examples are illustrated in Williams, 1997, pages 27-34. Williams states that these mounts largely date to the 11th century AD, particularly due to the decorative similarities of the Class A Type 1 mounts to Late Viking Ringerike and Urnes styles (page 8). The mounts have a wide distribution within England with some also appearing on the Continent, and the majority found in southern and eastern England.

WMID-01E470: MOUNT
A slightly incomplete asymmetrical flat mount with integral pointed lugs, dating to the 17th century AD (length: 26.3mm; width: 14.9mm; thickness: 6mm; weight: 2.64g). The mount has a trefoil terminal at one end, with a pointed tip at the other. There is no other decoration. The artefact is in a worn but fair condition with a pitted dark green patina. Similar examples are illustrated in Read’s ‘Metal Artefacts of Antiquity’, 2001, pages 28 & 34.

WMID-DB8EF1: LITHIC IMPLEMENT
A knapped/ worked Mesolithic flint blade, dating from c. 8000 - 4000 BC (length: 38.3mm; width: 11mm; thickness: 3.7mm; weight: 1.62g). There are no radiatting lunettes down the ventral side indicating the force the impact when the flake was knapped from the core, and there are two arrises on the dorsal side. The artefact is in a slightly worn but good condition.

WMID-F393E1: SEAL MATRIX
An incomplete cast copper alloy seal, dating to the 17th century AD (length: 22.1mm; width at handle: 11.7mm; thickness at handle: 3.2mm; diameter at base: 12.3mm; weight: 2.46g). A circular-sectioned handle which expands at the top into the remains of a flat trefoil suspension loop. The base of the seal is very worb, but a possible 'E' is noticeable, although the second initial is hard to recognise. There is scroll work above and below the initials with a probable line down the centre. The artefact is in a very worn and corroded condition. Similar examples are illustrated in Read's 'Metal Artefacts of Antiquity', pages 76 & 81, fig 52, ref nos 619-623.

WMID-F2A3E7: RING
An incomplete cast leaded bronze ring, possibly dating to the 1st/ 2nd century AD (diameter: 47.9mm; thickness: 14.3mm; weight: 42g). There is ribbed moulding around the perimeter of the artefact, particularly around the centre where there is a protruding ridge. There is no decoration on the indented inside of the ring. Additionally, there is a small break along the edge and the internal diameter of the ring is 29mm. The artefact is in a very worn and corroded condition. A similar example is illustrated in Jackson's 'Camerton: The Late Iron Age and Early Roman Metalwork', 1990, page 48 & plate 14, ref no 141. Jackson states that the function of this ring is uncertain but clearly decorative, and that it may be a scabbard ring. Some similar examples from Chichester are described as scabbard rings, but some of these were wornon the edges of the inner face which might be an indicator of use.

WMID-F238B4: BUCKLE
An incomplete cast copper alloy tinned double loop sub-oval buckle, dating to the 16th/ 17th century AD (length: 25.2mm; width: 16mm; thickness: 6.1mm; weight: 4.60g). The buckle frame has rounded ends and slightly concave sides and a narrowed strap bar which is recessed from the front edge of the frame. To either side of the strap bar, there are three rectangular and segmented mouldings, and a notch on one end of the frame for the pin. The strap bar and possibly remains of the chape were made of iron due to a large amount of corrosion in the centre of the buckle. The artefact is in a slightly worn but fair condition. Similar examples are illustrated in Whitehead's 'Buckles 1250-1800', 1996, pages 70-1.

WMID-F1F1D2: SPINDLE WHORL
An complete cast lead alloy spindle whorl, dating to the 15th/ 16th century AD (diameter: 32.3mm; thickness: 8.7mm; weight: 32.41g). A bi-conical artefact with a drilled central and circular hole (diameter: 10mm) and decoration on both sides in the form of a single curved petal-like ridged line with pellets in each of the curved encaves. the artefact is in a worn and poorr condition.

WMID-F1D212: COIN
An incomplete struck/ hammered bronze sestertius, dating to the 1st/ 2nd century AD (diameter: 31.7mm; thickness: 3.9mm; weight: 19.83g). Very little detail remains and the coin is in a worn and corroded condition.

WMID-F17487: CAULDRON
An incomplete cast copper alloy cauldron leg, dating to the 15th/ 16th century AD (length: 65mm; width at base: 57.8mm; thickness at base: 33mm; weight: exceeds weight of scales). This large paw-shaped cauldron leg/ foot has the toes well pronounced from the top right down to the base, and the artefact is slanted in length as well as having a slanted and uneven base. The artefact is in a very worn and encrusted condition with a patchy dark green patina and large amountd of yellow and green bronze disease. Similar examples are illustrated in Egan's 'The Medieval Household: Medieval Finds from Excavations in London', 1998, pages 164 & 166, ref no 460, dating to the 15th century. Another elaborate example appears in Margeson's 'Norwich Households: Medieval and Post-Medieval Finds from Norwich Survey Excavations 1971-78', 1993, pages 92-3, ref no 570,and dates to the 16th/ 17th century AD.

WMID-F04816: SPUR
An incomplete, cast copper-alloy spur fragment, dating from the 13th-15th century AD (length: 59.7mm; width: 15mm; thickness: 6mm; weight: 18.13g). At the back of the spur, there are stubbed remains of the neck that would have originally extended outwards to hold the probable rowel. One of the triangular-sectioned arms is more complete on one side than the other, and tapers down to become narrower towards the broken end. The spur arms are decorated with incised lozenges, although some of these lines are more deeply incised than others giving the decoration the appearance of chevrons at first glance. The artefact is in a worn but fair condition with a dark green patina. Similar examples are illustrated in Clark’s ‘The medieval Horse and its Equipment: Medieval Finds from Excavations in London’, 1995, pages 134-145.

WMID-EFE761: BROOCH
An incomplete cast copper alloy headstud brooch, dating to the 1st/ 2nd century AD (length: 32.5mm; width at remains of wings: 13.7mm; thickness/ depth: 12.9mm; weight: 4.78g). At the top of the brooch, there are stubbed remains of a suspension loop with a small protruding pellet inside a raised ring below. To either side of the head, the incomplete and corroded semi-cylindrical wings have the remains of ridges at the front. From the head of the brooch down to the foot, there is a line of small lozenges, with patchy remains of red enamel either side. The foot is moulded with two protruding ridges before the main base of the foot. Only part of the hinge mechanism and top of the copper alloy pin are still present, and only a small fragment of the catch plate survives. The artefact is in a worn and corroded condition with a dark green patina and small areas of bronze disease. Simialr examples are illustrated in Hattatt’s ‘Iron Age & Roman Brooches’, 1985, pages 100-5, particularly ref no 421 (found in Norfolk).

WMID-9FC115: BUCKLE
An incomplete cast copper annular sub-annular shoe or knee buckle with a drilled frame for a separate spindle (now missing), dating to the 17th/ 18th century AD (length: 27.4mm; width: 22mm; thickness: 4mm; weight: 3.99g). This buckle appears to be tinned but has no other decoration. The artefact is worn but in a fair condition with a dark green/ black patina. A similar example is illustrated in Whitehead’s ‘Buckles 1250-1800’, page 97, ref no 600.

WMID-9FA290: COIN
A complete struck/ hammered silver shilling of William III, dating to AD 1696 and minted in Chester (diameter: 25.8mm; thickness: 1mm; weight: 5.27g). The coin is in a worn but fair condition. Ref: Mitchell & Reeds, 1995, ‘Coins of England and the United Kingdom’, 30th edition, pages 237-8.

WMID-9F77B3: CAULDRON
A complete cast copper alloy pot/ cauldron leg, dating from the 14th-17th century AD (length: 33.1mm; width at base of foot: 46.8mm; thickness: 33.2mm; weight: 108.64g). The artefact has two protruding ridges down the outer edge and one in the centre detailing the toes of the foot. The foot curves and splays outwards to form a solid but slightly recessed base to form a good balance when this foot was originally attached to a vessel. The artefact is in a worn and corroded condition with a light green patina, but some areas of light green/ yellow bronze disease particularly at the base.

WMID-9F40B6: BUCKLE
An incomplete cast copper alloy fragment of a probable sub-oval asymmetrical buckle, dating to the 16th/ 17th century AD (length: 33mm; width: 32mm; thickness: 2.2mm; weight: 2.44g). The rectangular strap loop has a small notch on the outer edge, presumably for the pin (now missing), while only a fragment of the oval loop remains. The buckle is undecorated and is in slightly worn but fair condition with a light green patina.

An incomplete cast copper alloy fragment of a double loop oval buckle with sexfoil moulding on the outer edge of the loop, dating to the 16th/ 17th century AD (length: 18mm; width: 24.6mm; thickness: 2.1mm; weight: 1.92g). Only one half of an oval loop remains, but is in a slightly worn and fair condition with a green/ brown patina. Similar cinquefoil moulded buckles are illustrated in Whitehead's 'Buckles 1250-1800', page 65, ref nos 403-4.

An incomplete cast copper alloy double loop oval buckle with an angled frame, dating to the 16th/ 17th century AD (length: 35.7mm; width: 21.9mm; thickness: 3.3mm; weight: 3.99g). The buckle has a notched frame with a slight indentation for a pin rest at one end, with a narrowed strap bar that is recessed at the frame to either end. There is no apparent decoration on the artefact and the pin is missing. The buckle is in a worn and corroded condition with a dark green patina. Similar examples are illustrated in Whitehead's 'Buckles 1250-1800', pages 55-6, particularly ref nos 315-6.

WMID-4A92F8: BUCKLE
An incomplete cast copper alloy double loop asymmetrical buckle, probably dating from the 14th-16th century AD (length: 30.1mm; width: 31.7mm; thickness: 3.8mm; weight: 7.15g). The rectangular framed section of the buckle is complete, but the oval section is broken and only partly remains. Additionally, there is a curved indentation at one end of the strap bar and the pin is missing. There is no decoration on the buckle and the artefact is in a worn but fair condition with a dark green/ brown patina.

WMID-4A7AA1: BUCKLE
An incomplete cast copper alloy double loop trapezoidal buckle with moulded decoration on the loops, dating to the 17th century AD (length: 30.8mm; width: 41.3mm; thickness: 3mm; weight: 9.26g). A splayed sub-rectangular end with ovoid knops at either end, and as the frame curved inwards, there are slight moulded protrusions to either side of the narrow strap bar, before a single arm/ wing at either side kicks outwards and curls round like a claw. The buckle frame continues to narrow before another strap bar with a circular platform in the centre. The frame does continue beyond this second bar, but breaks off shortly afterwards. However, these breaks may have originally extended into decorative winged ends. The buckle has no other decoration and the back is also flat. Other examples of this buckle type are illustrated in Whitehead’s ‘Buckles 1250-1800’, page 84.

WMID-4A63A3: BUCKLE
An incomplete cast copper alloy single loop sub-rectangular buckle, dating to the 16th/ 17th century AD (length: 36.4mm; width: 36.8mm; thickness: 7.3mm; weight: 10.11g). This artefact has expanded, splayed feet with a narrow and recessed strap bar, as well as a rounded, notched front (for pin now missing) and a curved outer edge. Additionally, there are slightly incised lines below the splayed feet at one end of the buckle frame, as well as a single line incised along the outer edge of the artefact. The buckle is in a worn and poor condition with a patchy green/ brown patina. A similar example is illustrated in Whitehead's 'Buckles 1250-1800', page 29, ref no 157.

WMID-4A20E7: BUCKLE
An incomplete cast copper alloy double loop flat trapezoidal buckle, dating to the 17th century AD (length: 35mm; width: 23.8mm; thickness: 2.7mm; weight: 5.81g). This tinned buckle has pointed ends with ovoid knops on the corners of the frame, as well as a lobed protrusion at either end of the strap bar. There are incised notches for the pin (now missing) on the front of both of the pointed ends. There is no other decoration on the front or back of the buckle. The artefact is worn but in a fair condition with a dark green patina. Similar examples are illustrated in Whitehead’s ‘Buckles 1250-1800’, page 84, ref nos 523-4.

WMID-4A02E3: BUCKLE
An incomplete cast copper alloy rectangular shoe buckle with a drilled frame for a separate spindle (now missing), dating to the 17th/ 18th century AD (length: 27.6mm; width: 25.4mm; thickness: 3.7mm; weight: 3.40g). There is a single grooved line running around the outside edge with radiating transverse grooves at regular intervals around the frame. The artefact is in a worn but fair condition with a dark green/ brown patina. A similar example is illustrated in Whitehead’s ‘Buckles 1250-1800’, page 101, ref no 646.

An incomplete cast copper alloy sub-annular shoe or knee buckle with a drilled frame for a separate spindle (now missing), dating to the 17th/ 18th century AD (diameter: 32.7mm; thickness: 3.7mm; weight: 11.43g). The tinned two piece buckle is only decorated on the front with moulded oblique grooves that radiate outwards at a slant from a raised border running around the inner circle of the artefact. The back of the buckle is flat and undecorated. There is slight iron corrosion at the drilled frame where iron pin fragments still protrude outwards into the centre of the buckle frame. The artefact is slightly worn but in a good condition with a dark green patina. A very similar example is illustrated in Whitehead’s ‘Buckles 1250-1800’, page 97, ref no 602.

WMID-F80652: BUTTON
A slightly incomplete lead alloy decorated button, dating from the 15th-17th century AD (diameter: 26mm; thickness: 8.1mm; weight: 17.24g). The button is decorated on the front with a probable human head with long hair facing fowards, surrounded by small pellets. The pellets seem to appear in a pattern with two below the head, one to the left and right as well as one above, surrounded by a outer circle of pellets. On the back of the button, there is a crushed loop in the centre with a single line appearing to the left and right. The artefact is in a worn but fair condition.

WMID-F5E2B3: TOKEN
A complete cast lead alloy token, probably dating to the 17th century AD (diameter: 18.7mm; thickness: 2.1mm; weight: 3.40g). The artefact is only decorated on one side with a possible'W' and other unidentifiable features. There is also a raised border along the outside edge. The token is in a worn and poor condition.

WMID-64A2B7: COIN
A slightly incomplete bronze sestertius, dating to the 1st/ 2nd century AD (diameter: 33mm; thickness: 3.3mm; weight: 18.52g). The coin is in a worn and poor condition.

WMID-645FA6: BLADE
An incomplete cast bronze probable blade fragment, of an uncertain date from the Bronze Age to the Medieval period (length: 84mm; width: 28.8mm; thickness: 3.2mm; weight: 31.21g). There is an incomplete probable rivet hole at one end, but no rivet remains. All edges of the fragment are corroded and incomplete. The artefact is in a worn but fair condition with a dark green patina and pitted surface.

WMID-E574A7: TOKEN
A complete cast lead alloy decorated token, dating between AD c. 1650-75 (diameter: 13.8mm; thickness: 1.9mm; weight: 2.36g). The token is decorated on one side only with a slightly mis-shapen cross in a circle with a pellet in each quarter. The artefact is in a worn but fair condition. A similar example is illustrated in Mitchiner & Skinner’s ‘English Tokens, c. 1425 to 1672’ in ‘The British Numismatic Journal Vol 54’, 1984, pages 140 & 163; plate 22, ref no 44.

WMID-E55147: TOKEN
An incomplete and slightly broken cast lead alloy decorated token, probably dating between AD c. 1650-75 (diameter: 16.1mm; thickness: 1.9mm; weight: 2.02g). The token is decorated on one side only with probably more than eight petals/ segments, as well as some pellets in between. The artefact is in a worn but fair condition. Similar examples are illustrated in in Mitchiner & Skinner’s ‘English Tokens, c. 1425 to 1672’ in ‘The British Numismatic Journal Vol 54’, 1984, pages 140 & 163; plate 22, ref nos 47 & 48.

WMID-E46381: TOKEN
A complete cast lead alloy decorated token, dating between AD c. 1650-75 (diameter: 16.1mm; thickness: 1.9mm; weight: 3.87g). The token is decorated on one side only with a six foil (void). There are two protrusions from the outer edge of the token which may be casting impurities or mistakes. The artefact is in a worn but fair condition. Similar examples are illustrated in in Mitchiner & Skinner’s ‘English Tokens, c. 1425 to 1672’ in ‘The British Numismatic Journal Vol 54’, 1984, pages 140 & 163; plate 22, ref nos 47 & 48.

WMID-E40B92: COIN
A complete struck/ hammered silver threepence of Elizabeth I, probably dating between AD 1580-1 (diameter: 18.2mm; thickness: 0.7mm; weight: 1.25g). Probable mintmark: long cross. The coin is in a worn and poor condition.

WMID-B69B57: FLAT AXEHEAD
A slightly incomplete cast copper early Bronze Age flat axe head, dating to between c. 2,200-1,450 BC (length: 151mm; width at blade: 60.7mm; thickness: 13.1mm; weight: exceeds weight limit of scales). A large and heavy axe with much of the metal still existing, the butt is the thinnest point of the artefact and the width tapers outwards towards the blade which is slightly worn and broken. Overall, the axehead is in a worn and poor condition with a pitted surface and no original surface still existing.

WMID-7D6535: JETTON
An incomplete copper alloy struck/ hammered French jetton, dating from the 15th/ 16th century AD (diameter: 26.3mm; thickness: 1.8mm; weight: 5.55g). The jetton is in a worn but fair condition.

WMID-7B98C5: COIN
An incomplete and heavy clipped silver struck/ hammered shilling of James I, dating between AD 1603-1625 (diameter: 25.9mm; thickness: 0.8mm; weight: 3.78g). The coin is worn and in a poor condition with a punched mark in the centre of the coin.

WMID-7A7AC5: TOKEN
A complete cast lead alloy decorated token, probably dating to the 16th/ 17th century (diameter: 15.9mm; thickness: 2.1mm; weight: 3.36g). The token is only decorated on one side with a cross that has the ends/ terminals spilt into forks. The token is worn and poor condition.

WMID-7A2503: TOKEN
A complete cast lead alloy decorated token, dating to the 17th century AD (diameter: 21.9mm; thickness: 2.8mm; weight: 6.34g). The token is only decorated on one side with an irregular eight-pointed star within a surrounding raised border that runs around the outside edge of the artefact. The token is slightly worn but fair condition. A similar example is illustrated in Mitchiner & Skinner’s ‘English Tokens, c. 1425 to 1672’ in ‘The British Numismatic Journal Vol 54’, 1984, pages 128 & 158, ref no 99, and is described as a token of a innholder.

WMID-79FA87: TOKEN
A complete cast lead alloy decorated token, probably dating to the 17th/ 18th century AD (diameter: 24mm; thickness: 2.2mm; weight: 8.20g). The token is only decorated on one side with a possible sail depicted inside a raised circle running around the outside edge of the artefact. The token is worn but in a fair condition.

WMID-79AB56: TOKEN
An incomplete cast lead alloy decorated token, dating to the 17th century AD (diameter: 19.2mm; thickness: 1.9mm; weight: 4.05g). The token is only decorated on one side with a pellet or crescent surrounded by an inner and larger outer circle. There is also a raised border around the outside edge. The token is in a worn and poor condition with breakages at two main areas along the outside edge. A similar example is illustrated in Mitchiner & Skinner’s ‘English Tokens, c. 1425 to 1672’ in ‘The British Numismatic Journal Vol 54’, 1984, pages 125 & 157, ref no 38.

WMID-798D62: BROOCH
An incomplete cast copper alloy Polden Hill brooch, dating to the 1st/ 2nd century AD (length: 48.3mm; width at wings: 21.9mm; thickness at head: 14.3mm; weight: 13.03g). This decorated brooch has short semi-cylindrical wings which terminate at the ends with copper alloy caps, characteristic of the Polden Hill type. These caps hold the iron axis bar at the back of the wings in place. At the top of the head of the brooch, there is an incomplete claw which would have hooked over the spring. As well as appendages that are present to either side of the head, there are two decorative raised ridges running down the centre of the bow below the claw. To either side of these ridges down the edges of the bow, there is a single line of repetitive small rectangular raised platforms separated by incised lines. Both types of decoration continue down the bow where they stop just above the foot. There is a protruding ridge circling around the bottom of the bow before the collared foot extends/ splays outwards, with a slightly raised stump on the base of the foot. At the back of the brooch, the copper alloy spring holding the iron axis bar has seven complete turns, with four incomplete/ missing ones, and the pin is completely missing. The back of the bow is undecorated and only part of the copper alloy catch plate remains, which terminates at the protruding ridge above the foot. The brooch is in a slightly worn but fair condition with a dark green patina.

WMID-52F166: UNIDENTIFIED OBJECT
A complete unidentified cast lead object, possibly used as a small moulded (although its purpose is unknown) and possibly dating to the Medieval/ post medieval period (diameter: 20.8mm; thickness: 2mm; weight: 5.91g). A sub rectangular flat lead disc with an imprint of a probable griffin in the centre facing right surrounded by a sub-rectangular indentation. The underside is undecorated. The artefact is slightly worn and in a good condition.

WMID-524AB3: COIN
A complete Roman republican denarius, dating to the 1st century BC and probably minted in Rome (diameter: 17.9mm; thickness: 1.8mm; weight: 3.27g). It is possibly an issue of the 80s BC - see RRC 352 and 364 The coin is in a worn but fair condition.

WMID-4EF045: STRAP END
A complete cast copper alloy flat sub-rectangular strap end, dating to the 10th century AD (length: 30.9mm; width: 19mm; thickness: 3.1mm; weight: 6.62g). This strap end derives from the Winchester style with its openwork ornamentation (there are seven open holes with possibly one filled in) that seem to form a plant/ petal decoration. At the 'fixing' end, it is difficult to identify rivets or rivet holes beyond the decoration and separated by a linear groove. The artefact is in a worn and poor condition with a corroded surface. The strap end in reddish brown in colour, but very little of the original patina remains. Similar Winchester style strap ends are illustrated in Mainman & Rogers, 2000 and are dated between AD 930-975. The Winchester art style was based on Carolingian acanthus leaf decoration. There is normally a central stem from which scrolls branch. The most common artefacts with Winchester style were openwork strap-ends, and on these the style was generally very debased (Dr Helen Geake).

WMID-3C8445: FIGURINE
An incomplete cast copper alloy probable votive bird figurine, datting to the Roman period (length: 28m; width: 34.2mm; thickness: 8.1mm; weight: 8.77g). This unidentified bird is depicted with a long straight beak, with a rounded eye visible on one side of the head. All over the body, as well as the head, there are curved and sometimes incised lines that seem to represent the feathers and wings. The underside of the bird’s body is not decorated. Additionally, immediately below the head, there is an incised line running around the neck. The back of the bird is curved and continues to form part of the presumed tail, which is broken and incomplete. In the centre underneath the bird, there are two protruding lugs, with possible evidence of a rivet hole on one of them particularly, possibly indicating that the bird figurine was mounted on to another object. On one of the lugs, there are two incised lines running down the edges. Overall, the artefact is in a worn but fair condition with a light green patina and slightly pitted surface. Similar examples are illustrated in Smith's 'A Guide to the Antiquities of Roman Britain (British Museum)', 1922, page 60, plate XXIV, ref no 2, found at Felmingham Hall, Norfolk, and have been described as religious objects. Another similar artefact is illustrated in Cunliffe, 1968, page 97 & plate XL, ref no 149, which was found at Richborough and is described as a cock cast in solid, and it was probably attached at the base perhaps to a shaft. Cunliffe states that bird figures are not infrequent on sacred sites as at Woodeaton, Willingham Fen, Lydney and presumably Thoroughsale Wood near Corby.

WMID-28C142: TOKEN
A small and slightly incomplete cast lead token, possibly dating to the 16th/ 17th century AD (diameter: 16.6mm; thickness: 2.1mm; weight: 2.75g). The token is only decorated on one side with a slightly protruding pellet surrounded by a ring, as well as a slight rim around the outer edge of the artefact. The token is in a worn but fair condition.

WMID-284C60: TOKEN
A complete cast lead token, probably dating to the 17th century AD (diameter: 26.9mm; thickness: 2.1mm; weight: 6.08g). Only one side is decorated with a large cross, and the token is in a worn an poor condition. Similar examples are illustrated in Mitchiner, 1984, pages 121 & 155, 144 & 163, plates 14 & 22, ref nos 44 (dating to c. 1650-75) & 77 (Elizabethan token).

WMID-27F875: TOKEN
A complete cast lead token, probably dating to the 16th/ 17th century (diameter: 24.1mm; thickness: 1.9mm; weight: 6.06g). The token is only decorated on one side with criss-crossed linear design, as well as other marks in between which are quite worn. There is also a slight rim around the outside edge of the token. This artefact is similar to a token illustrated by Mitchiner, 1984, page 122 & 156, plate 15, ref no 15, dating between AD 1570-90 and described as a provincial tokens of the Elizabethan period.

WMID-AAE442: COIN
A slightly incomplete struck/ hammered silver sixpence of Charles I, minted at the Tower between AD 1628-9 (diameter: 25mm; thickness: 0.7mm; weight: 2.93g). Mintmark: anchor. The coin is slightly worn but in a fair condition.

WMID-AA7A02: COIN
A slightly clipped struck/ hammered silver penny of Elizabeth I, possibly minted in London between AD 1587-89/90 (diameter: 16.1mm; thickness: 0.3mm; weight: 0.91g). The coin is slightly worn but in a fair condition.

WMID-A9F538: COIN
A complete struck/ hammered silver sixpence of Elizabeth I, dating to AD 1567 (diameter: 25.7mm; thickness: 0.4mm; weight: 2.38g). Mintmark: coronet. The coin is slightly worn but in a fair condition.

WMID-A99865: COIN
A complete struck/ hammered silver sixpence of Elizabeth I, dating to AD 1590 (diameter: 25.2mm; thickness: 0.7mm; weight: 3.20g). Initial mark: hand. The coin is slightly worn but in a fair condition.

WMID-A6AA81: COIN
An incomplete and badly corroded bronze sestertius, dating from the 1st/ 2nd century AD (diameter: 27.2mm; thickness: 2.9mm; weight: 9.01g).

A collection of fifty-three wheel thrown Roman grey ware rim sherds, dating from the 1st - 4th century AD (thickness ranging from 5.8mm - 25.8mm; collective weight: weight exceeds scale limit). Some of these rim sherds seem to indicate kiln waste material,as some examples have been sherds have been fired together and were probably thrown away afterwards.

Two wheel thrown Roman grey ware base sherds, dating from the 1st - 4th century AD (average thickness: 9mm; collective weight: 23.51g).

A collection of ten wheel thrown Roman grey ware body sherds, dating from the 1st - 4th century AD (thickness ranging from 4.8mm - 11.8mm; collective weight: exceeeds weight limit of scales). Some of the sherds have incised linear decoration on one side, although slightly worn.

A collection of nine wheel thrown Roman grey ware neck sherds, dating from the 1st-4th century AD (thickness varying from 4.7mm - 12.5mm; collective weight: 118.38g). Some of the vessel fragments have incised linear decoration, which is worn in some areas.

WMID-3EEBF3: UNIDENTIFIED OBJECT
An unidentified flat and circular silver hammered object (diameter: 13.3mm; thickness: 0.2mm; weight: 0.43g), which has the same size and thickness of a hammered coin, but there is no coin design apart from an eye-shaped feature created by two lines of small lightly-stamped dots. Down one side of this feature, there are a series of slanted incised/ stamped lines. There is no decoration on the other side. At close observation, the edges have been roughly cut, producing the rounded shape in plan. The artefact cannot be dated, but probably dates to the Medieval/ post Medieval period.

WMID-16C2B2: BROOCH
An incomplete cast copper alloy Colchester derivative Polden brooch, dating to the 1st/ 2nd century AD (length: 39.9mm; width at wings: 39.3mm; thickness: 14.9mm; weight: 22.70g). The large wings are decorated with ridges/ ribs with the ribs having along the wings at either side protruding out more than the others. There is a cap at each end (a distinctive feature of Polden Hill brooches) to hold the copper alloy axis bar and spring in place. At the top of the bow, there is a single ridge running up the centre of the head which also holds the external chord of the spring in place. There is a slightly indented ring and dot decoration below this feature that seems to have originally held enamel (possibly yellow or white?). Further down the bow, there are seven rectangular indentations running down its length, which still contain alternating enamel of red and probably yellow. There may have been more indentations if the bow was not broken near the foot. The bow slightly tapers with a sub-rectangular flat side section that slightly bends to one side. The spring at the back of the brooch is nearly complete with sixteen complete turns and two slight breaks. The pin is completely missing and only a small fragment of the catch plate remains. Overall, the brooch is worn but in a fair condition with a patchy dark green patina. This brooch has vague similarities with examples illustrated in Hattatt’s ‘Iron Age & Roman Brooches’, 1985, pages 92, 94 & 95, fig 39, ref nos 404 (found in Norfolk) and 405 (found in Grimsby, North East Linsolnshire) where the ring and dot as well as the enamelled decoration are also present.

WMID-154C92: SEAL MATRIX
A slightly incomplete (due to corrosion) cast copper alloy circular seal, dating to the 14th century AD (length: 17.3mm; diameter: 15.6mm; weight: 5.13g). A tapering circular-sectioned handle slightly expanded at the top, with a single circular suspension loop. In the centre of the seal, there is a bird walking left, but the inscription around the outer edge is corroded and difficult to read, but the possible letters 'D'and'E' are visible. the aretfact is in a worn but fair condition. A similar example is illustrated in Brian Read's 'Metal Artefacts of Antiquity: A Catalogue of Small Finds from Specific Areas of the United Kingdom', 2001, pages 74 & 78, ref no 595, found in South-East Dorset, which also depicts the bird walking left. Thanks are extended to Malcolm Jones for his help in reading the inscription, and has said that it is PRIVE SU.

WMID-14AC46: SOCKETED AXEHEAD
An incomplete tip of a cast bronze socketed axehead, dating from c. 1050-600 BC (length: 24.9mm; width: 45.8mm; thickness: 12.4mm; weight: 54.10g). This rounded tip has a very blunted and possibly unfinished blade and only a small part of the bottom of the socket mouth is visible as a slight sub-rectangular indentation. This artefact is in a worn and poor condition with a patchy dark brown patina remaining, although the object seems to have been coated in a substance. In 'Guide Catalogue of the Bronze Age', savory states that the socketed axe-head represents a change both in the method of hafting and the method of production. This involves the adoption of a handle with a single knee-shaft prong, as well as the use of hollow casting and the 'cire perdue' process.

WMID-12FB07: BULLA
A complete cast lead flat and circular papal bulla of Innocent IV, dating between AD 1243-1254 (diameter: 37.7mm; thickness: 4.8mm; weight: 44.32g). On the obverse, the head of St. Paul is represented to the left, with St. Peter to the right. A beaded border surrounds each head, and Bailey suggests that this may represent a halo. The heads are divided by a cross with the inscription 'SPASPE' above (S,PA for St. Paul and S'PE for St. Peter). On the reverse, the inscription 'INNOCENTIVS PPIIII' within a beaded border. The initials 'P.P.' are an abbreviation for Pope. The artefact is in a worn but fair condition.

WMID-FFD0E2: VESSEL
A complete cast copper alloy decorative pouring sprout or laver, probably from an ewer and dating to the 15th century AD (length: 73.1mm; width: 50.7mm; thickness: 20.2mm; weight: 88.29g). This artefact has an integrally cast dog's head terminal with a tubular spout extending out from the dog's open mouth (internal diameter: 6.1mm). Although worn and corroded, the dog's head with strongly incised lines/ protrusions including rectangular ears to either side of the head and heavy ridged eyebrows. Down the centre of the face and between the ears, there is a single ridge, which then continues along the centre of the neck to the back of the spout. The back of the artefact, which would have been attached to the vessel, is undecorated and curved with a slanted indentation continuing to a circular opening at the top, which then leads to the front of the spout. The artefact is in a worn and corroded condition with a patchy green patina. A similar example is illustrated in Mill's 'Medieval Artefacts', 1999, page 110, ref NM 292, and is described as being from a laver or priest's washing bowl.

WMID-7F4EF5: COIN
A complete struck/ hammered silver short cross penny of Henry III, identified as a Class 7b and minted between AD 1217/8-1242 (diameter: 18.2mm; thickness: 0.7mm; weight: 1.20g). Minted by Ravlf in London, this coin’s distinguishing feature is the form of the letter ‘A’ which now has a square shape, as well as having no pellets in the hair curls (Wren, 1992, page 62). The coin is slightly worn but in a good condition which most of the detail visible.

WMID-6E17E0: VESSEL
An incomplete cast copper alloy hanging bowl mount, dating to the Early Medieval period. Length: 47.1mm; width: 19.3mm; thickness at hooked end: 7mm; weight: 7.60g. The mount has a tear-drop shape and seems flat in cross-section. There is a splayed triple-lobed terminal at one end, with the remains of a hook at the other end where the artefact would have originally been attached onto the shoulder of the bowl; as these hooked escutcheons are thought always to have been attached to the curving shoulder of the bowl, the flat cross-section seems odd. The combination of the hook and the tear-drop shape creates a form rather like a bird with folded wings. The escutcheon is decorated with a badly corroded enamelled design, surrounded by a border. A little of the original brown patina survives; the enamel has decayed to a pale yellowish colour but may originally have been red. The design contains at least three spirals, but appears to have been inexpertly executed. Similar examples of spiral-decorated bird-shaped escutcheons come from Benniworth in Lincolnshire and Faversham in Kent (Brenan 1991, nos. 8 and 26). Brenan comments that the Benniworth escutcheon is quite rare, both as a bird-shaped escutcheon with enamelled decoration and as a hanging-bowl escutcheon with definite yellow enamel (rather than red enamel decayed to a pale yellowish colour). More distant parallels come from Hadleigh Road in Ipswich, St Paul in the Bail in Lincoln, Seagry in Wiltshire and Whitby in North Yorkshire(Brenan 1991, nos. 32, 48, 51 and 67). Kilbride-Jones (1980) classified the Benniworth escutcheon as his Group B, with a purely 'Celtic' decoration, appearing from the fifth century onwards but with earlier beginnings. This attractive theory was undermined by Brenan in 1991, who showed conclusively that the archaeological contexts of hanging bowls (found almost exclusively in early Anglo-Saxon graves) could not be dated earlier than the middle of the sixth century AD. Geake took this further in 1999, arguing that all graves containing hanging bowls should be dated to the seventh century. The Faversham escutcheon is also illustrated in Dalton's 'A Guide to the Anglo-Saxon and Foreign Teutonic Antiquities', 1923, page 50, fig 53, found at Faversham, Kent.

WMID-18C601: PURSE
An incomplete cast copper alloy purse frame/bar suspension loop and attachment, dating to the 15th/ 16th century AD (length: 56.2mm; width: 41.6mm; thickness/ diameter of central circular boss: 15.1mm; weight: 32.87g). A large circular boss/ swivel with one complete side bar, the other broken. To either side of this central swivel, there is a circular protruding collar, where the complete side bar continues to a smaller globular terminal, with a copper alloy rivet visible on the outside edge. Above at below on the central swivel, there is a hole through which another bar runs with a globular ring to either side. There are two small collars just below the suspension loop which is sub-oval in shape with flat and straight sides. The artefact is slightly worn but in a fair condition with a dark green patina. An identical example is illustrated in J. B. Ward Perkins’ ‘London Museum Medieval Catalogue’, 1940, pages 167-8, Plate XXXVII and fig 52, where this type of purse bar/ frame is classified as a Type B2 which has a spherical central boss and terminals. Similar examples are also illustrated in Brian Read’s ‘Metal Artefacts of Antiquity: A Catalogue of Small Finds from Specific Areas in the United Kingdom: Volume One’, 2001, pages 124-133.

WMID-EFA656: COIN
A slightly incomplete and clipped silver Tealby penny of Henry II, minted by Willelm in Newcastle between AD 1161-80 (diameter: 19.1mm; thickness: 0.6mm; weight: 1.11g). The coin is in a worn but fair condition.

WMID-EF5E35: COIN
A complete struck/ hammered silver Roman republican denarius of C. HOSIFI C.F.GETA III VIR, minted in Rome in 68 BC (diameter: 18.7mm; thickness: 1.9mm; weight: 3.27g). The coin is worn but in a fair condition.

A complete struck/ hammered silver Roman republican denarius, minted by Lucius Papius Celsus in Rome in 45 BC (diameter: 18mm; thickness: 2mm; weight: 3.26g). This coin refers for the most part to the victory and triumph of Caesar in the year before the issue of this coinage. The coin is worn but in a fair condition with most of the detail still visible.

WMID-5DAF87: TOBACCO HOLDER
A complete cast and decorated lead tobacco box lid (length: 15.8mm; width: 16.8mm; weight: 9.81g), with possible areas of a black coating on the top and underside of the top of the lid, which appears in the form of a diamond-shaped flower with eight petals and a rivet protruding out through the centre of the flower. The neck below the flower becomes narrow before expanding outwards in a slanting platform with the remains of the rivet protruding out from underneath. The artefact is in a worn but fair condition. Similar examples are illustrated in G Bailey's 'Finds identified', 2000, page 62, which he dates to the middle of the 17th century and states that the lead boxes were used to keep moist tobacco inside.

WMID-5C9D92: SOCKETED AXEHEAD
A fragment of a cast copper alloy late Bronze Age socketed axehead dating from 1000-800 BC. Only the lower blade is represented. It is 34.9mm in length, 49.2mm wide and 14.8mm thick at the blade and weighs 64.94g. There are casting flashes on both sides extanding to the blade edge. The cutting edge is slightly expanded. The axe is slightly worn but in a fair condition although parts of the cutting edge are corrosion chipped. The surface is slightly pitted and has a dark brown patina. In the 'Guide Catalogue of the Bronze Age Collections' of the National Museum & Art Gallery, 1980, H. N. Savory states that the socketed axe-head represents a change both in the method of hafting and the method of the production of Bronze Age axes. The earliest examples of these artefacts in England and Wales appear in the Middle Bronze Age, although most appear in the Late Bronze Age.

WMID-9CBFB5: VESSEL
One wheel thrown rim sherd of probable Medieval pottery (39.8mm x 29.2mm; thickness: 8.1mm; weight: 11.40g). A slightly rough sherd with protruding flat rim and slightly curving outwards under the neck. There are also small frequent gritty inclusions. The inner fill is dark grey with a orange-pink colour on the outside.

Two wheel thrown rim sherds of Roman grey ware (thickness ranging from 10.7mm - 15.8mm; collective weight: 41.96g). Both sherds would have originally been part of different shaped vessels. One of the sherds seems to represent a gritty thick straight-sided vessel with small frequent inclusions. The sherd has a slight lip protruding outwards and inwards at the rim, while the other sherd has a smooth curved structure with a significant lip protruding outwards at the rim and expanding outwards below the neck and may represent a small rounded probable bowl. Both sherds have patches of orange colouring on both sides as well as some blackening on the smaller rounded sherd, possibly representing burning or use in cooking? Both sherds are in a worn but fair condition.

WMID-9BE024: BARBED AND TANGED ARROWHEAD
A complete knapped flint barbed and tanged arrowhead (length: 21.9mm; width: 16mm; thickness: 5mm; weight: 1.09g), dating to the Bronze Age between c2200-900 BC. The arrowhead has been extensively re-touched on the surface, particularly along the edges. The high density areas of barbed and tanged arrowheads are virtually identical to the earlier leaf arrowheads, including areas around Norfolk, the North East coast and around the south west and Oxfordshire. This arrowhead cannot be closely matched to those classified by Green (1980).

WMID-9B8D95: ARROWHEAD
A slightly incomplete and broken hollow-based arrowhead (length: 22.3mm; width: 19.4mm; thickness: 3.4mm; weight: 1.28g), probably dating between 2500-1400 BC. The arrowhead has been extensively knapped with areas of re-touch along the egdes. One of the barbs is slightly incomplete, but it is difficult to identify whether this is a recent break.Many of these arrowheads appear in Ireland and the distributional evidence suggests that some of those found in Britain were either imports from Ireland or local copies. Only one certain hollow-based arrowhead in an associated context occurs in Cornwall. The westerly location of hollow-based arrowheads on the Cumbrian, Welsh coasts and in the Southern Pennines is distinctly suggestive if contact with Ireland where such arrowheads are extremely common.

WMID-4C0064: LEAF ARROWHEAD
A complete knapped flint leaf arrowhead (length: 34.1mm; width: 21.9mm; thickness: 6.5mm; weight: 5.14g), dating to the early-late Neolithic period between c. 4000-2200 BC. The arrowhead has been extensively re-touched along the edges and has a rounded but flat base heading up to a point in a tear-drop shape. This example looks very similar to those classified as Types 1A & 2A in Green, 1980, pages 69-70. The arrowhead is in a good condition.

WMID-4BAD77: BEAD
A complete sub-cylindrical decorated polychrome glass bead, with flattened ends (diameter: 9.1mm; thickness: 7.7mm; weight: 0.87g), dating to the Early Medieval period, probably 6th-8th century AD. The dark blue/black bead seems to have been splashed with a range of colours after the initial monochrome bead was made, including yellow, red, grey/blue and off-white. These colours have been applied irregularly and in no distinctive pattern. The hole which is slightly off-centre in the bead (created by a metal rod when the bead was made) is also of irregular shape, with the diameter being larger at one end (3mm) than the other (2mm), which may suggest that the metal rod was of an irregular diameter. This bead is of Brugmann's 'Mottled Blue' type, which are found in early Anglo-Saxon England and in continental row-grave cemeteries, but also in Ireland and possibly in other places too. Their exact typology, provenance and dating has not therefore been securely established (Brugmann 2004, p. 36, fig. 149. Similar beads are illustrated in Kevin Leahy's 'Anglo-Saxon Crafts', 2003, pages 108-110 & color plate 20, and were found at Tallington, Lincolnshire. According to Leahy, glass beads are the most common objects found in Early Anglo-Saxon graves, with some burials containing hundreds of them. Evidence for glass bead making has been found at Garranes, Co. Crok (sixth to seventh century) and Ribe, Denmark (eighth century), but the only English sites to produce evidence of glass bead making are at York (Leahy, page 108). Could some of these beads been imports?

WMID-18C2F1: UNIDENTIFIED OBJECT
An incomplete cast copper alloy unidentified artefact, possibly of prehistoric date (length: 39.2mm; width: 14.8mm; thickness: 8.6mm; weight: 8.74g). At one end, this artefact splays outwards into a rounded but flat terminal, with a narrow neck and protruding collar below. Beneath the collar, the other end is sub-circular in section, but becomes narrow to an incomplete point. This artefact is very worn and in poor condition with a dark green patina.

A complete struck/ hammered base silver probable derivative contemporary copy of a Frissei Series E sceatta, dating to the 8th century AD (diameter: 11.6mm; thickness: 1.2mm; weight: 1.24g). On the reverse of the coin, the standard box shape is depicted, but the porcupine on the obverse is facing the wrong way. The coin is slightly worn and in a good condition. EMC pic

WMID-05B745: HARNESS FITTING
A complete cast copper alloy small simple terret ring, dating to the late Iron Age to early Roman period. This very worn and corroded artefact (with bronze disease on most of the surface) has two protruding collars slanting slightly inwards and 8.1mm apart. The ring has a circular-section, apart from in between the collars, where the section becomes more rectangular. It is 21.1mm long, 23.7mm wide, 4.8mm thick and weighs 4.91g.

A copper alloy Roman nummus. Due to the quality of the images the coin is tentatively identified as a nummus of Helena dating to the period AD 337-341 (Reece period 17) 'PAX PVBLICA' reverse, uncertain mint.

WMID-055BD3: COIN
A copper-alloy Roman nummus of Constantine I dating to the period AD 324-330 (Reece Period 16), probably 'PROVIDENTIAE AVG' camp gate reverse, uncertain mint.

A copper-alloy Roman nummus of Constantine II dating to the period AD 318-324 (Reece period 16), 'CAESARVM NOSTRORVM' Wreath inscribed 'VOT X' reverse, Trier mint.

A copper-alloy Roman nummus of Constantine II dating to the period AD 318-324 (Reece period 16), 'CAESARVM NOSTRORVM' Wreath reverse, uncertain mint.

WMID-03D2E0: COIN
A complete struck/ hammered silver plated copper alloy coin, probably dating to the Roman period (diameter: 17.9mm; thickness: 1.5mm; weight: 2.67g). No detail and a small amount of patina remains on the coin as it is worn and badly corroded with bronze disease covering most of the surface.

WMID-038EC7: COIN
An incomplete struck/ hammered copper alloy coin, probably dating to the Roman period (diameter: 11.9mm; thickness: 1.1mm; weight: 0.72g). No detail or original patina remains on the coin as it is completely worn and corroded.

A copper-alloy Roman nummus of the House of Constantine dating to the period AD 318-324 (Reece period 16), 'CAESARVM NOSTRORVM' Wreath inscribed 'VOT X' reverse, uncertain mint.

WMID-01D052: UNIDENTIFIED OBJECT
An unidentified lead alloy human head, dating to the post Medieval period (length: 34.9mm; width: 20.1mm; thickness: 17.2mm; weight: 45.44g). Facial features on this artefact are particularly defined with a jutting chin and nose as well as a wide mouth and small indented eyes. The hair is also visible as a thick band (width: 5.3mm) running around the front and sides with diagonal incised lines. The top and back of the artefact are flat and undecorated, but there is also no indication of an attachment/ fitting or any iron corrosion residue to suggest that this head could have been mounted onto something. The artefact is worn but in a fair condition.

WMID-C7EC77: UNIDENTIFIED OBJECT
A complete unidentified cast copper alloy artefact, possibly used as an attachment or fitting (length: 34.1mm; width: 10.9mm; thickness: uncertain as artefact secured in a box; weight: also uncertain for the same reasons). At one end of the artefact, there is a sub-circular hole, while the other end is a hooked flat terminal. This artefact may date to the Roman or Medieval period, and is in a worn and poor condition with a light green patina. This artefact is illustrated as (iv) in the picture.

WMID-C5BBD4: STRAP END
A cast copper incomplete apron mount strap end, dating to the 1st century AD (length: 34.8mm; width: 12.3mm; thickness & weight: uncertain as the artefact is secured inside a box). At one end, the artefact has a globular rounded terminal with a ridge directly below before narrowing at the neck. Below the neck, the artefact expands outwards again with slanted by flat shoulders with two or three slight ridges at the top. The sides then begin to slant inwards and reach a rounded terminal at the other end. On the back of the artefact, there seems to be the remains of a hooked attachment/ fastening. Overall, the artefact is in a poor and corroded condition, with extensive areas of bronze disease near the rounded terminal at one end, as well as having a dark green patina. This artefact is illustrated as (viii) in the picture. A similar artefact is illustrated in Ralph Jackson’s ‘Camerton: The Late Iron Age and early Roman Metalwork’, 1990, page 30 & plate 4, ref no 37. The mount was secured to the leather strap by a spike behind the upper panel (missing on our example) and a tongue-shaped flange behind the lower panel.

WMID-C4FDE6: MOUNT
Two complete cast copper alloy probable mounts, possibly dating to the Roman period. (diameter ranging from 12-16.5mm; thickness & weight: uncertain as artefacts are secured in a box). They both have a broken and irregular circular shape and seem flat, although it is difficult to tell. Both also have a star design on the front surface. The smaller of the two has multiple radiatting marks, while the larger only has three incised lines crossing over each other. It is impossible to identify what the back of these artefacts is like. Overall, they are both in a worn but fair condition with a dark green patina. These artefacts are illustrated as 'XI' in the picture. The smaller example is similar to artefacts illustrated in Nina Crummy's 'Colchester Archaeological Report 2: The Roman small finds from excavations in Colchester 1971-9', 1983, pages 129-133, ref nos 4174-5, 4204-8, 4212 & 4218, which are described as belt or apron fittings and are dated to the 1st/ 2nd century AD.

WMID-C4F2D1: UNIDENTIFIED OBJECT
A complete and unidentified cast copper alloy artefact, possibly used as a type of probe (length: 49.1mm; width: 5.4mm; thickness & weight: uncertain as artefact is secured inside a box). With a flat side profile, there seems to be a cast copper alloy rivet still attached to one end of this artefact. At the other end of the artefact, the flat side section twisted round 90 degrees to form a slightly splayed knife or probe terminal. This artefact may date to the Roman period. Overall, it is in a slightly worn but fair condition with a dark green patina. This artefact is illustrated as (ix) in the picture.

WMID-C4DA78: UNIDENTIFIED OBJECT
A complete unidentified cast copper alloy artefact, possibly used as a strap distributor (length: 39.9m; width: 11mm; thickness & weight: uncertain as artefact secured inside a box). This bar has an irregular but rounded hole at each end (inside diameter: 5.5mm), and is reasonable flat in side profile. It is difficult to date this artefact, and it may date to the Roman or Medieval period, and is in a worn and corroded condition with a dark green patina. This artefact is illustrated as (vii) in the picture.

WMID-C46580: GLASS WORKING DEBRIS
One fragment of turquoise glass, possibly used in the glass bead making process, possibly dating to the Roman period (diameter: 8.7mm; thickness: 2.3mm; weight: 0.37g). It was found with some glass beads of the same make and colour, and has two small pierced holes at the edges.

WMID-C410F3: POLISHED AXEHEAD
An incomplete fragment of a probable polished stone axehead, dating to the Neolithic period (length: 83mm; width: 37.2mm; thickness: 14.9mm; weight: 63.92g). This probable artefact appears to have been made of an igneous rock, possible dolerite. There are various recent scratches on the polished surface.

WMID-C3C025: BEAD
Three complete and two incomplete turquoise cylindrical glass beads, probably dating to the Roman period (diameter of complete beads ranging from 8mm - 12mm; thickness ranging from 6mm - 9mm; collective weight: 3.69g). The slightly off-centre holes in the centre of the beads ranges from 2.4mm - 3mm. Ovrall, the beads are slightly worn but in a good condition.Similar beads are listed in Nina Crummy's 'Colchester Archaeological Report 2: The Roman Small Finds from Excavations in Colchester 1971-9', pages 30 & 32, as possible melon beads which date to 1st/ 2nd century AD contexts and are mostly made of turquoise frit.

WMID-C2BDA0: PATTEN
A slightly incomplete cast iron foot patten, dating to the 17th/ 18th century AD (length: 147mm; width: 89.2mm; thickness/ depth: 27.7mm; weight: 96.46g). Although worn and corroded, many of the features survive. The oval frame has a uniform thickness and width throughout, with the remains of one protruding platform (now partly missing) at one end, and a raised triangular platform at the other end, which also has the remains of two lareg iron rivets on the underside, probably to help attach the patten on to the shoe to raise the feet from the ground.

WMID-C27B18: POLISHED AXEHEAD
An incomplete polished stone axe, dating to the Neolithic period ( length: 75.3mm; width: 37.9mm; thickness: 21.1mm; weight: 82.06g). This finely grained stone could be sandstone or siltstone, as it also has a soft texture. There are various recent scratch marks on the surface, but no extensive evidence of use, posibly indicating that the artefact may not have been used.

WMID-C24862: GAMING PIECE
A smoothed possible gaming counter, probably made of magnetite and dating to the Roman period (diameter: 30mm; thickness: 13.5mm; weight: 20.43g). This does not seem to be local material, but seems to have been worked/ smoothened to make the purposeful shape.

WMID-C20835: VESSEL
Two ceramic wheel-thrown rim sherds, dating to the Roman period, probably from the 2nd-4th century AD (thickness ranging from 9.9mm - 10.2mm; collective weight: 22.26g). On the dark brown/ beige sherd, the hard-fired fabric has a gritty surface with frequent small inclusions as well as a small area of original burnishing on the outside. The other sherd has an off-white outer surface with a light grey/ blue fill. This sherd has not been fired as extensively as the other, but it also has a gritty fabric with frequent small inclusions.

WMID-C1F073: VESSEL
A ceramic wheel-thrown rim sherd, dating to the Roman period, probably from the 2nd-4th century AD (29.1mm x 28mm; thickness: 14.2mm; weight: 11.01g). This dark grey sherd has a slightly protruding lip beneath the rim, and has a hard-fired, slightly gritty fabric with frequent small inclusions. The sherd is worn but in a fair condition.

WMID-C1D9B5: VESSEL
A ceramic wheel-thrown rim and neck sherd, probably dating to the Medieval period (49mm x 40.3mm; thickness: 12.9mm; weight: 21.76g). This unglazed beige sherd has a very gritty and hard-fired fabric with a particularly sandy and micaceous surface. The sherd’s thickness deceases as the sherd continues down to what would have been the main body of the vessel. The sherd is in a slightly worn but fair condition.

WMID-C1A493: VESSEL
A ceramic wheel-thrown handle sherd of possible Midlands Purple Ware, probably dating to the 17th century AD (length: 34.4mm; width: 50.1mm; thickness: 23.2mm; weight: 33.64g). A very hard-fired earthenware, the fabric has a dark red/ brown colour with the remains of a dark red/ brown glaze on the outside of the sherd.Midlands Purple Ware does originate in the 15th/ 16th century, but production waste is known from the 16th/ 17th century, continuing into the early 18th century. Specific forms include jars, dishes, bowls and cisterns. Production centres for this ware are distributed across the Midlands, specifically Burslem and Wednesbury (Staffordshire), Chilvers Coton (Warwickshire) and Ticknall (Derbyshire).

Nine sherds of wheel-thrown ceramic sherds consisting of five rims, three body sherds and one base sherd, with an averaging thickness of between 6-11mm; collective weight: 115.31g). Most of the sherds are finely made with small frequent gritty inclusions and orange/ grey fabrics. However, two rims and one body sherd are much coarser than the other sherds with large inclusions. Most of these pieces would have come from storage jars or bowls, with an uncertain date ranging from the Roman – Medieval periods. All sherds are in a slightly worn but fair condition.

WMID-8939F1: VESSEL
Two wheel-thrown rim and body ceramic glazed sherds, probably dating between AD 1100-1500 (thickness ranging from 5-8mm; collective weight: 9.31g). A fine fairly hard-fired fabric beige/ orange colour with tiny frequent inclusions. There are remains of a yellow/ green – brown glaze on one side of the sherds. Both sherds are slightly worn but in a fair condition.

One wheel-thrown ceramic rim sherd, probably dating between AD 1100-1500 (36.8mm x 29.5mm; thickness: 12.7mm; weight: 13.97g). The orange/ light brown fabric has small frequent inclusions with slight remains of a yellow/ light green glaze on one side. The sherd is in a slightly worn but fair condition.

Seven wheel-thrown light coarse ware ceramic body sherds of uncertain Roman or Medieval pottery (thickness ranging from 6-8mm; collective weight: 26.28g). All the sherds have large, gritty quartz inclusions with a relatively soft fabric of mostly pink/ brown colour, although one sherd has a light grey central fill and another seems blackened on the inside. All sherds are in a slightly worn but fair condition.

WMID-88EE94: VESSEL
One ceramic wheel-thrown base sherd of possible Derbyshire ware (34mm x 31.1mm; thickness: 11.1mm; weight: 7.11g). The sherd has a small curve to the base, suggesting a vessel of a possible substantial size, and has a worn but hard gritty fabric, with a mostly brick-red colour and small areas or grey colouration. The typical form of Derbyshire ware is a jar with deep ‘bell-mouthed’ rim or rolled rim. Earlier specimens tend to have more lightly moulded rims, but this develops to a deeply dished form by the mid 3rd century. Bowls and dishes are also known in the same ware. Production commences by the mid 2nd century, but ‘pre-Derbyshire’ prototypes at Derby Racecourse kilns date from the early 2nd century AD. Production in the north generally dates from the 3rd century AD. The ware’s distribution is abundant on sites in Derbyshire, with a huge percentage at Little Chester as well as a scatter in the northern frontier zone and some specimens from Wales (Tyers, 1996, pages 190-1).

WMID-88CF12: VESSEL
Two ceramic wheel-thrown rim sherds of an orange coloured ware (thickness ranging from 3.8mm – 9.8mm; collective weight: 9.34g). The fabric is worn but hard with small frequent gritty inclusions. The larger sherd has a protruding ridge just below the rim, which must have continued round the circumference of the vessel. These sherds are Roman, and possibly date to the 1st/ 2nd century AD.

One ceramic wheel-thrown rim sherd of possible Derbyshire ware (45.9mm x 26.7mm; thickness: 10.8mm; weight: 14.74g). This sherd has an extremely hard, gritty fabric, with colour varying from dark blue-grey to brick-red, sometimes with an irregular presence of these colours throughout the fabrics. The typical form of this ware is a jar with deep ‘bell-mouthed’ rim or rolled rim. Earlier specimens tend to have more lightly moulded rims, but this develops to a deeply dished form by the mid 3rd century. Bowls and dishes are also known in the same ware. Production commences by the mid 2nd century, but ‘pre-Derbyshire’ prototypes at Derby Racecourse kilns date from the early 2nd century AD. Production in the north generally dates from the 3rd century AD. The ware’s distribution is abundant on sites in Derbyshire, with a huge percentage at Little Chester as well as a scatter in the northern frontier zone and some specimens from Wales (Tyers, 1996, pages 190-1).

One ceramic wheel-thrown rim sherd of probable Derbyshire ware (37.2mm x 26.3mm; thickness: 10mm; weight: 8.19g). This sherd has an extremely hard (but slightly worn), gritty fabric with a pimply surface (‘like goose-flesh petrified’), with colour varying from dark blue-grey to brick-red, sometimes with an irregular presence of these colours throughout the fabrics. The typical form of this ware is a jar with deep ‘bell-mouthed’ rim or rolled rim. Earlier specimens tend to have more lightly moulded rims, but this develops to a deeply dished form by the mid 3rd century. Bowls and dishes are also known in the same ware. Production commences by the mid 2nd century, but ‘pre-Derbyshire’ prototypes at Derby Racecourse kilns date from the early 2nd century AD. Production in the north generally dates from the 3rd century AD. The ware’s distribution is abundant on sites in Derbyshire, with a huge percentage at Little Chester as well as a scatter in the northern frontier zone and some specimens from Wales (Tyers, 1996, pages 190-1).

WMID-743FF1: VESSEL
One ceramic wheel-thrown circular platform/ base sherd of probable Derbyshire ware (diameter of base: 31.7mm; thickness: ; weight: 12.75g). This sherd has an extremely hard (but worn), gritty fabric with a pimply surface (‘like goose-flesh petrified’), with colour varying from dark blue-grey to brick-red, sometimes with an irregular presence of these colours throughout the fabrics. The typical form of this ware is a jar with deep ‘bell-mouthed’ rim or rolled rim. Earlier specimens tend to have more lightly moulded rims, but this develops to a deeply dished form by the mid 3rd century. Bowls and dishes are also known in the same ware. Production commences by the mid 2nd century, but ‘pre-Derbyshire’ prototypes at Derby Racecourse kilns date from the early 2nd century AD. Production in the north generally dates from the 3rd century AD. The ware’s distribution is abundant on sites in Derbyshire, with a huge percentage at Little Chester as well as a scatter in the northern frontier zone and some specimens from Wales (Tyers, 1996, pages 190-1).

One Roman pottery base sherd of Derbyshire ware. This sherd has an extremely hard, gritty fabric with a pimply surface (‘like goose-flesh petrified’), varying in colour from dark blue-grey to brick-red. The sherd is 30.8mm in length, 26.7mm wide, 11.1mm thick and weighs 7.81g. The typical form of Derbyshire ware is a jar with deep ‘bell-mouthed’ rim or rolled rim. Earlier specimens tend to have more lightly moulded rims, but this develops to a deeply dished form by the mid 3rd century. Bowls and dishes are also known in the same fabric. Production commences by the mid 2nd century, but ‘pre-Derbyshire’ prototypes at Derby Racecourse kilns date from the early 2nd century AD. Production in the north generally dates from the 3rd century AD. The ware’s distribution is abundant on sites in Derbyshire, with a huge percentage at Little Chester as well as a scatter in the northern frontier zone and some specimens from Wales (Tyers, 1996, 190-1).

WMID-740EB4: VESSEL
Three ceramic and wheel-thrown body sherds of a orange coloured ware (varying thickness from 2.1mm – 7.3mm; collective weight: 14.12g). The fabric is worn and fairly soft regular but smooth gritty inclusions. There is an irregular presence of grey colouration in the fill, similar to Derbyshire wares. These sherds are of Roman date, possibly from the 1st/ 2nd century AD.

WMID-73F4A6: VESSEL
Four Roman pottery body sherds; probable Derbyshire ware. These sherds have an extremely hard, gritty fabric with a pimply surface (‘like goose-flesh petrified’), with colour varying from dark blue-grey to brick-red, sometimes with an irregular presence of these colours throughout the fabrics. They vary in thickness from 5.2mm – 8.1mm and their collective weight is 28.17g). The typical form of this ware is a jar with deep ‘bell-mouthed’ rim or rolled rim. Earlier specimens tend to have more lightly moulded rims, but this develops to a deeply dished form by the mid 3rd century. Bowls and dishes are also known in the same ware. Production commences by the mid 2nd century, but ‘pre-Derbyshire’ prototypes at Derby Racecourse kilns date from the early 2nd century AD. Production in the north generally dates from the 3rd century AD. The ware’s distribution is abundant on sites in Derbyshire, with a huge percentage at Little Chester as well as a scatter in the northern frontier zone and some specimens from Wales (Tyers 1996, 190-1).

WMID-73DB01: VESSEL
Five ceramic wheel-thrown possible Derbyshire ware body sherds (varying thickness from 4.8mm – 8.4mm; collective weight: 31.16g). These sherds have an worn but still fairly hard, slightly gritty fabric, with colour varying from dark blue-grey to brick-red, sometimes with an irregular presence of these colours throughout the fabrics. The typical form of this ware is a jar with deep ‘bell-mouthed’ rim or rolled rim. Earlier specimens tend to have more lightly moulded rims, but this develops to a deeply dished form by the mid 3rd century. Bowls and dishes are also known in the same ware. Production commences by the mid 2nd century, but ‘pre-Derbyshire’ prototypes at Derby Racecourse kilns date from the early 2nd century AD. Production in the north generally dates from the 3rd century AD. The ware’s distribution is abundant on sites in Derbyshire, with a huge percentage at Little Chester as well as a scatter in the northern frontier zone and some specimens from Wales (Tyers, 1996, pages 190-1).

WMID-73BB44: VESSEL
Twenty five ceramic wheel-thrown probable Derbyshire ware body sherds (varying thickness from 4.9mm – 10.6mm; collective weight: 119.21g). These sherds have a hard, gritty fabric, with colour varying from dark blue-grey to brick-red, sometimes with an irregular presence of these colours throughout the fabrics. The typical form of this ware is a jar with deep ‘bell-mouthed’ rim or rolled rim. Earlier specimens tend to have more lightly moulded rims, but this develops to a deeply dished form by the mid 3rd century. Bowls and dishes are also known in the same ware. Production commences by the mid 2nd century, but ‘pre-Derbyshire’ prototypes at Derby Racecourse kilns date from the early 2nd century AD. Production in the north generally dates from the 3rd century AD. The ware’s distribution is abundant on sites in Derbyshire, with a huge percentage at Little Chester as well as a scatter in the northern frontier zone and some specimens from Wales (Tyers, 1996, pages 190-1).

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One small shoulder sherd of wheel-thrown probable black colour-coated Nene Valley ware (25.1mm x 21.7mm; thickness: 5.8mm; weight: 3.94g). The fabric is hard but smooth-textured with an off-white/ pink colour and small frequent inclusions. No decoration is visible and the piece is slightly worn with much of the dark grey/ black colour coating remaining, as well as small areas of dark red coating remaining on the opposing side. Nene valley produced a wide range of tablewares, including jars, flagons and bottles, imitation Samian forms, Castor boxes, cups and beakers. These colour-coated wares were produced from the mid-2nd century AD, probably in the hands of immigrant (lower Rhineland?) craftsmen, with some influence from East Gaulish sigillata industries during the early 3rd century. Production continued until the end of the 4th century AD. There was a wide distribution in eastern England, particularly in the late 4th century, but occasional wares have been identified in the West Midlands (Tyers, 1996, pages 173-5).

Four body sherds of wheel-thrown probable black colour-coated Nene Valley ware and one sherd of orange/ red colour-coated ware (thickness ranging from 5-7mm; collective weight: 25.24g). The fabric of all four sherds is hard but smooth-textured with an off-white/ pink colour and small infrequent gritty inclusions. No decoration is visible and all the pieces are slightly worn with much of the dark grey/ black colour coating remaining. Nene valley produced a wide range of tablewares, including jars, flagons and bottles, imitation Samian forms, Castor boxes, cups and beakers. These colour-coated wares were produced from the mid-2nd century AD, probably in the hands of immigrant (lower Rhineland?) craftsmen, with some influence from East Gaulish sigillata industries during the early 3rd century. Production continued until the end of the 4th century AD. There was a wide distribution in eastern England, particularly in the late 4th century, but occasional wares have been identified in the West Midlands (Tyers, 1996, pages 173-5).

WMID-734AE4: VESSEL
Two rim sherds of wheel-thrown probable black colour-coated Nene Valley ware (thickness ranging from 11-16mm; collective weight: 23.38g). A hard but smooth-textured fabric of an off-white/ pink colour with small infrequent gritty inclusions. No decoration is visible and the pieces are slightly worn but much of the dark grey/ black colour coating remains. Nene valley produced a wide range of tablewares, including jars, flagons and bottles, imitation Samian forms, Castor boxes, cups and beakers. These colour-coated wares were produced from the mid-2nd century AD, probably in the hands of immigrant (lower Rhineland?) craftsmen, with some influence from East Gaulish sigillata industries during the early 3rd century. Production continued until the end of the 4th century AD. There was a wide distribution in eastern England, particularly in the late 4th century, but occasional wares have been identified in the West Midlands (Tyers, 1996, pages 173-5).

WMID-7329A5: VESSEL
One base sherd of wheel-thrown black colour coated probable Nene Valley ware (thickness: 8.8mm; weight: 33.35g). A hard but smooth-textured fabric of an off-white/ pink colour with small infrequent inclusions. No decoration is visible but the wheel-throw marks can be clearly seen on the bottom of the sherd. The piece is slightly worn but much of the dark grey/ black colour coating remains. Nene valley produced a wide range of tablewares, including jars, flagons and bottles, imitation Samian forms, Castor boxes, cups and beakers. These colour-coated wares were produced from the mid-2nd century AD, probably in the hands of immigrant (lower Rhineland?) craftsmen, with some influence from East Gaulish sigillata industries during the early 3rd century. Production continued until the end of the 4th century AD. There was a wide distribution in eastern England, particularly in the late 4th century, but occasional wares have been identified in the West Midlands (Tyers, 1996, pages 173-5).

One large base sherd (broken in three parts) of wheel-thrown black colour coated probable Nene Valley ware ( thickness: 8/9mm; collective weight: 89.46g). A hard but smooth-textured fabric of an off-white colour with small frequent red and black fleck inclusions; some of these streaking throughout the fill. No decoration is visible but the wheel-throw marks can be clearly seen on the bottom of the sherds. The pieces are slightly worn but much of the dark grey/ black colour coating remains. Nene valley produced a wide range of tablewares, including jars, flagons and bottles, imitation Samian forms, Castor boxes, cups and beakers. These colour-coated wares were produced from the mid-2nd century AD, probably in the hands of immigrant (lower Rhineland?) craftsmen, with some influence from East Gaulish sigillata industries during the early 3rd century. Production continued until the end of the 4th century AD. There was a wide distribution in eastern England, particularly in the late 4th century, but occasional wares have been identified in the West Midlands (Tyers, 1996, pages 173-5).

WMID-72E9E6: VESSEL
One ceramic wheel-thrown grey-bodied Derbyshire ware neck sherd (thickness: 14mm; weight: 10.35g). This sherd has an extremely hard, gritty fabric with a pimply surface (‘like goose-flesh petrified’), with colour varying from dark blue-grey to brick-red, sometimes with an irregular presence of these colours throughout the fabric. The typical form of this ware is a jar with deep ‘bell-mouthed’ rim or rolled rim. Earlier specimens tend to have more lightly moulded rims, but this develops to a deeply dished form by the mid 3rd century. Bowls and dishes are also known in the same ware. Production commences by the mid 2nd century, but ‘pre-Derbyshire’ prototypes at Derby Racecourse kilns date from the early 2nd century AD. Production in the north generally dates from the 3rd century AD. The ware’s distribution is abundant on sites in Derbyshire, with a huge percentage at Little Chester as well as a scatter in the northern frontier zone and some specimens from Wales (Tyers, 1996, pages 190-1).

WMID-72BC34: VESSEL
Two ceramic wheel-thrown grey-bodied Derbyshire ware base sherds (thickness ranging from 9-13mm; collective weight: 44.39g). These sherds have an extremely hard, gritty fabric with a pimply surface (‘like goose-flesh petrified’), with colour varying on most sherds from dark blue-grey to brick-red, sometimes with an irregular presence of these colours throughout the fabrics, also with prominent whorl-marks on the base. The typical form of this ware is a jar with deep ‘bell-mouthed’ rim or rolled rim. Earlier specimens tend to have more lightly moulded rims, but this develops to a deeply dished form by the mid 3rd century. Bowls and dishes are also known in the same ware. Production commences by the mid 2nd century, but ‘pre-Derbyshire’ prototypes at Derby Racecourse kilns date from the early 2nd century AD. Production in the north generally dates from the 3rd century AD. The ware’s distribution is abundant on sites in Derbyshire, with a huge percentage at Little Chester as well as a scatter in the northern frontier zone and some specimens from Wales (Tyers, 1996, pages 190-1).

WMID-72A1F3: VESSEL
Three wheel-thrown Derbyshire ware shoulder sherds (thickness ranging from 3-6mm; collective weight: 15.83g). These sherds have an extremely hard, gritty fabric with a pimply surface (‘like goose-flesh petrified’), with the colour varying from dark blue-grey to brick-red, sometimes with an irregular presence of these colours throughout the fabrics. The typical form of this ware is a jar with a deep ‘bell-mouthed’ rim or rolled rim. Earlier specimens tend to have more lightly moulded rims, but this develops to a deeply dished form by the mid 3rd century. Bowls and dishes are also known in the same ware. Production commences by the mid 2nd century, but ‘pre-Derbyshire’ prototypes at Derby Racecourse kilns date from the early 2nd century AD. Production in the north generally dates from the 3rd century AD. The ware’s distribution is abundant on sites in Derbyshire, with a huge percentage at Little Chester as well as a scatter in the northern frontier zone and some specimens from Wales (Tyers 1996, pages 190-1).

WMID-727F42: VESSEL
Four ceramic wheel-thrown grey-bodied Derbyshire ware rim sherds (thickness ranging from 9-10mm; collective weight: 58.21g). These sherds have an extremely hard, gritty fabric with a pimply surface (‘like goose-flesh petrified’), with colour varying on most sherds from dark blue-grey to brick-red, sometimes with an irregular presence of these colours throughout the fabrics. The typical form of this ware is a jar with deep ‘bell-mouthed’ rim or rolled rim. Earlier specimens tend to have more lightly moulded rims, but this develops to a deeply dished form by the mid 3rd century. Bowls and dishes are also known in the same ware. Production commences by the mid 2nd century, but ‘pre-Derbyshire’ prototypes at Derby Racecourse kilns date from the early 2nd century AD. Production in the north generally dates from the 3rd century AD. The ware’s distribution is abundant on sites in Derbyshire, with a huge percentage at Little Chester as well as a scatter in the northern frontier zone and some specimens from Wales (Tyers, 1996, pages 190-1).

Ninety-seven ceramic wheel-thrown grey-bodied Derbyshire ware body fragments (thickness ranging from 5-17mm; approximate collective weight: exceeds limit of 250g). These sherds have an extremely hard, gritty fabric with a pimply surface (‘like goose-flesh petrified’), with colour varying on most sherds from dark blue-grey to brick-red, sometimes with an irregular presence of these colours throughout the fabrics. The typical form of this ware is a jar with deep ‘bell-mouthed’ rim or rolled rim. Earlier specimens tend to have more lightly moulded rims, but this develops to a deeply dished form by the mid 3rd century. Bowls and dishes are also known in the same ware. Production commences by the mid 2nd century, but ‘pre-Derbyshire’ prototypes at Derby Racecourse kilns date from the early 2nd century AD. Production in the north generally dates from the 3rd century AD. The ware’s distribution is abundant on sites in Derbyshire, with a huge percentage at Little Chester as well as a scatter in the northern frontier zone and some specimens from Wales (Tyers, 1996, pages 190-1).

WMID-723BC8: VESSEL
One ceramic wheel-thrown orange-bodied Derbyshire ware base sherd (45mm x 33.8mm; thickness: 17.3mm; weight: 23.31g). This sherd has an extremely hard, gritty fabric with a pimply surface (‘like goose-flesh petrified’), with colour varying from dark blue-grey to brick-red, sometimes with an irregular presence of these colours throughout the fabrics. The typical form of this ware is a jar with deep ‘bell-mouthed’ rim or rolled rim. Earlier specimens tend to have more lightly moulded rims, but this develops to a deeply dished form by the mid 3rd century. Bowls and dishes are also known in the same ware. Production commences by the mid 2nd century, but ‘pre-Derbyshire’ prototypes at Derby Racecourse kilns date from the early 2nd century AD. Production in the north generally dates from the 3rd century AD. The ware’s distribution is abundant on sites in Derbyshire, with a huge percentage at Little Chester as well as a scatter in the northern frontier zone and some specimens from Wales (Tyers, 1996, pages 190-1).

One ceramic wheel-thrown orange-bodied Derbyshire ware rim sherd (24.8mm x 20.9mm; thickness: 11.2mm; weight: 6.70g). This sherd has an extremely hard, gritty fabric with a pimply surface (‘like goose-flesh petrified’), with colour varying from dark blue-grey to brick-red, sometimes with an irregular presence of these colours throughout the fabrics. The typical form of this ware is a jar with deep ‘bell-mouthed’ rim or rolled rim. Earlier specimens tend to have more lightly moulded rims, but this develops to a deeply dished form by the mid 3rd century. Bowls and dishes are also known in the same ware. Production commences by the mid 2nd century, but ‘pre-Derbyshire’ prototypes at Derby Racecourse kilns date from the early 2nd century AD. Production in the north generally dates from the 3rd century AD. The ware’s distribution is abundant on sites in Derbyshire, with a huge percentage at Little Chester as well as a scatter in the northern frontier zone and some specimens from Wales (Tyers, 1996, pages 190-1).

WMID-71EC97: VESSEL
One ceramic wheel-thrown orange-bodied Derbyshire ware shoulder sherd (41mm x 22.2mm; thickness: 10.9mm; weight: 10.73g). This sherd has an extremely hard, gritty fabric with a pimply surface (‘like goose-flesh petrified’), with colour varying from dark blue-grey to brick-red, sometimes with an irregular presence of these colours throughout the fabrics. The typical form of this ware is a jar with deep ‘bell-mouthed’ rim or rolled rim. Earlier specimens tend to have more lightly moulded rims, but this develops to a deeply dished form by the mid 3rd century. Bowls and dishes are also known in the same ware. Production commences by the mid 2nd century, but ‘pre-Derbyshire’ prototypes at Derby Racecourse kilns date from the early 2nd century AD. Production in the north generally dates from the 3rd century AD. The ware’s distribution is abundant on sites in Derbyshire, with a huge percentage at Little Chester as well as a scatter in the northern frontier zone and some specimens from Wales (Tyers, 1996, pages 190-1).

WMID-71D4E1: VESSEL
Forty-six ceramic wheel-thrown orange-bodied Derbyshire ware body sherds (thickness ranging from 4-11mm; collective weight: exceeds weight limit of 250g). These sherds have an extremely hard, gritty fabric with a pimply surface (‘like goose-flesh petrified’), with colour varying on most sherds from dark blue-grey to brick-red, sometimes with an irregular presence of these colours throughout the fabrics. The typical form of this ware is a jar with deep ‘bell-mouthed’ rim or rolled rim. Earlier specimens tend to have more lightly moulded rims, but this develops to a deeply dished form by the mid 3rd century. Bowls and dishes are also known in the same ware. Production commences by the mid 2nd century, but ‘pre-Derbyshire’ prototypes at Derby Racecourse kilns date from the early 2nd century AD. Production in the north generally dates from the 3rd century AD. The ware’s distribution is abundant on sites in Derbyshire, with a huge percentage at Little Chester as well as a scatter in the northern frontier zone and some specimens from Wales (Tyers, 1996, pages 190-1).

Three ceramic wheel-thrown rim sherds and four body sherds of probable south-east Dorset black-burnished ware 1 type (average thickness: 7-8.5mm; collective weight: 77.97g). A hard, granular dark-grey/ black fabric with small abundant quartz inclusions. The surfaces of the sherds seem to have been burnished and smoothed, indicating that they probably date to the 1st/ 2nd century AD. There are a wide variety of forms present at kiln sites and some south-western assemblages, including copies of Gallo-Belgic plates and bowls, cups, folded beakers, flagons and jugs. However, the principal types are jars, bowls and dishes. The distribution of this type of pottery has concentrated areas in the south, particularly around the production centres in Dorset and Devon, but large assemblages have spread to the Midlands area, the south-east and the north during the 3rd century AD. Distribution retreats to the south-west and lower Severn valley and some other coastal sites by the later 4th century (Tyers, 1996, pages 182-5).

One ceramic wheel-thrown shoulder sherd (35.3mm x 29.3mm; thickness: 9mm; weight: 13.35g). The sherd is probably Severn Valley ware, with a hard but fine-textured fabric of grey/ brown or reddish-orange colour at the surface, sometimes with a grey core. The sherd is slightly micaceous with small frequent inclusions. The pieces is undecorated and is slightly worn but in a fair condition. Widely distributed Severn Valley forms include handled tankards, storage and wide-mouthed jars, with production flourishing during the 2nd and early 3rd and continuing into the 4th century AD. Several 2nd/ 3rd century kiln sites are known, extending through the Severn valley (Alkington, Ledbury, Malvern, Perry Barr) to Wroxeter. The earliest production centres are not yet identified, but they were perhaps in the Gloucester region. During the mid 1st century AD, distribution was largely confined to sites in the Severn valley near the Gloucester region, but from the later 1st century, distributions were present at and around Wroxeter and Chester. The pottery is abundant on sites in the lower Severn basin through the 2nd/ 3rd century, but there was extension of small-scale supply to north-west England and near Hadrian’s Wall and Scotland in the 2nd century (Tyers, 1996, page 197-9).

Nine ceramic wheel-thrown rim sherds (thickness ranging from 6-12mm; collective weight: 109.05g). All sherds are probably Severn Valley ware, with a hard but fine-textured fabric of grey/ brown or reddish-orange colour at the surface, sometimes with a grey core. All sherds are slightly micaceous with small frequent inclusions. None of the pieces are decorated, but are slightly worn and in a fair condition. Widely distributed Severn Valley forms include handled tankards, storage and wide-mouthed jars, with production flourishing during the 2nd and early 3rd and continuing into the 4th century AD. Several 2nd/ 3rd century kiln sites are known, extending through the Severn valley (Alkington, Ledbury, Malvern, Perry Barr) to Wroxeter. The earliest production centres are not yet identified, but they were perhaps in the Gloucester region. During the mid 1st century AD, distribution was largely confined to sites in the Severn valley near the Gloucester region, but from the later 1st century, distributions were present at and around Wroxeter and Chester. The pottery is abundant on sites in the lower Severn basin through the 2nd/ 3rd century, but there was extension of small-scale supply to north-west England and near Hadrian’s Wall and Scotland in the 2nd century (Tyers, 1996, page 197-9).

WMID-6FFF65: VESSEL
Four ceramic wheel-thrown base sherds (thickness ranging from 11-12mm; collective weight: 112.34g). All the sherds are probably Severn Valley ware, with a hard but fine-textured fabric of grey/ brown or reddish-orange colour at the surface, sometimes with a grey core. All sherds are slightly micaceous with small frequent inclusions. None of the pieces are decorated, but are slightly worn and in a fair condition. Widely distributed Severn Valley forms include handled tankards, storage and wide-mouthed jars, with production flourishing during the 2nd and early 3rd and continuing into the 4th century AD. Several 2nd/ 3rd century kiln sites are known, extending through the Severn valley (Alkington, Ledbury, Malvern, Perry Barr) to Wroxeter. The earliest production centres are not yet identified, but they were perhaps in the Gloucester region. During the mid 1st century AD, distribution was largely confined to sites in the Severn valley near the Gloucester region, but from the later 1st century, distributions were present at and around Wroxeter and Chester. The pottery is abundant on sites in the lower Severn basin through the 2nd/ 3rd century, but there was extension of small-scale supply to north-west England and near Hadrian’s Wall and Scotland in the 2nd century (Tyers, 1996, page 197-9).

WMID-6FCB12: VESSEL
Two neck sherds in Severn Valley ware Roman pottery. The fabric is hard but fine-textured, which is grey/ brown or reddish-orange colour at the surface, sometimes with a grey core. Both sherds are slightly micaceous with small frequent inclusions. Neither of the sherds are decorated, but are slightly worn and in a fair condition. The thickness ranges from 8-14mm and the collective weight is 47.18g. Widely distributed Severn Valley forms include handled tankards, storage and wide-mouthed jars, with production flourishing during the 2nd and early 3rd and continuing into the 4th century AD. Several 2nd/3rd century kiln sites are known, extending through the Severn valley (Alkington, Ledbury, Malvern, Perry Barr) to Wroxeter. The earliest production centres are not yet identified, but they were perhaps in the Gloucester region. During the mid 1st century AD, distribution was largely confined to sites in the Severn valley near the Gloucester region, but from the later 1st century, distributions were present at and around Wroxeter and Chester. The pottery is abundant on sites in the lower Severn basin through the 2nd/ 3rd century, but there was extension of small-scale supply to north-west England and near Hadrian’s Wall and Scotland in the 2nd century (Tyers 1996, 197-9).

WMID-6FB1A6: VESSEL
Twenty-four ceramic wheel-thrown body sherds (thickness ranging from 4-12mm; collective weight: exceeds weight limit of 250g). Most of these sherds are probably Severn Valley ware, with a hard but fine-textured fabric of brown or reddish-orange colour at the surface, sometimes with a grey core. Some sherds are slightly micaceous but others are coarsely gritted. None of the sherds are decorated, but are slightly worn and in a fair condition. Widely distributed Severn Valley forms include handled tankards, storage and wide-mouthed jars, with production flourishing during the 2nd and early 3rd and continuing into the 4th century AD. Several 2nd/ 3rd century kiln sites are known, extending through the Severn valley (Alkington, Ledbury, Malvern, Perry Barr) to Wroxeter. The earliest production centres are not yet identified, but they were perhaps in the Gloucester region. During the mid 1st century AD, distribution was largely confined to sites in the Severn valley near the Gloucester region, but from the later 1st century, distributions were present at and around Wroxeter and Chester. The pottery is abundant on sites in the lower Severn basin through the 2nd/ 3rd century, but there was extension of small-scale supply to north-west England and near Hadrian’s Wall and Scotland in the 2nd century (Tyers, 1996, page 197-9).

WMID-6F8D81: TILE
Four ceramic wheel-thrown tile fragments (thickness ranging from 13-19mm; collective weight: 172.06g), of possible Roman date. These pieces consist of two edge pieces, one corner piece and one body piece. All orange/ brown coloured fragments have a hard coarse texture with a highly micaceous fabric of white and black grits, and are mostly of a uniform and regular flatness.

WMID-6F4D55: VESSEL
Thirty two ceramic wheel-thrown possible Derbyshire ware body sherds (varying thickness from 3.7mm – 8.8mm; collective weight: 222.71g). These sherds have a hard, gritty fabric, with colour varying from dark blue-grey to brick-red, sometimes with an irregular presence of these colours throughout the fabrics. The typical form of this ware is a jar with deep ‘bell-mouthed’ rim or rolled rim. Earlier specimens tend to have more lightly moulded rims, but this develops to a deeply dished form by the mid 3rd century. Bowls and dishes are also known in the same ware. Production commences by the mid 2nd century, but ‘pre-Derbyshire’ prototypes at Derby Racecourse kilns date from the early 2nd century AD. Production in the north generally dates from the 3rd century AD. The ware’s distribution is abundant on sites in Derbyshire, with a huge percentage at Little Chester as well as a scatter in the northern frontier zone and some specimens from Wales (Tyers, 1996, pages 190-1).

WMID-6F34E6: VESSEL
Thirty seven ceramic wheel-thrown Derbyshire ware body sherds (varying thickness from 5.1mm – 14mm; collective weight: exceeds weight limit of 250g). These sherds have an extremely hard, gritty fabric with a pimply surface (‘like goose-flesh petrified’), with colour varying from dark blue-grey to brick-red, sometimes with an irregular presence of these colours throughout the fabrics. The typical form of this ware is a jar with deep ‘bell-mouthed’ rim or rolled rim. Earlier specimens tend to have more lightly moulded rims, but this develops to a deeply dished form by the mid 3rd century. Bowls and dishes are also known in the same ware. Production commences by the mid 2nd century, but ‘pre-Derbyshire’ prototypes at Derby Racecourse kilns date from the early 2nd century AD. Production in the north generally dates from the 3rd century AD. The ware’s distribution is abundant on sites in Derbyshire, with a huge percentage at Little Chester as well as a scatter in the northern frontier zone and some specimens from Wales (Tyers, 1996, pages 190-1).

WMID-6EE517: VESSEL
One ceramic wheel-thrown probable orange-bodied Derbyshire ware shoulder sherd (39.7mm x 24.8mm; thickness: 11mm; weight: 12.64g). This sherd has an extremely hard, gritty fabric with a pimply surface (‘like goose-flesh petrified’), with colour varying from dark blue-grey to brick-red, sometimes with an irregular presence of these colours throughout the fabrics. The typical form of this ware is a jar with deep ‘bell-mouthed’ rim or rolled rim. Earlier specimens tend to have more lightly moulded rims, but this develops to a deeply dished form by the mid 3rd century. Bowls and dishes are also known in the same ware. Production commences by the mid 2nd century, but ‘pre-Derbyshire’ prototypes at Derby Racecourse kilns date from the early 2nd century AD. Production in the north generally dates from the 3rd century AD. The ware’s distribution is abundant on sites in Derbyshire, with a huge percentage at Little Chester as well as a scatter in the northern frontier zone and some specimens from Wales (Tyers, 1996, pages 190-1).

WMID-6EC976: VESSEL
One ceramic wheel-thrown probable orange-bodied Derbyshire ware rim sherd (22.5mm x 21.6mm; thickness: 12.5mm; weight: 5.93g). This sherd has an extremely hard, gritty fabric with a pimply surface (‘like goose-flesh petrified’), with colour varying from dark blue-grey to brick-red, sometimes with an irregular presence of these colours throughout the fabrics. The typical form of this ware is a jar with deep ‘bell-mouthed’ rim or rolled rim. Earlier specimens tend to have more lightly moulded rims, but this develops to a deeply dished form by the mid 3rd century. Bowls and dishes are also known in the same ware. Production commences by the mid 2nd century, but ‘pre-Derbyshire’ prototypes at Derby Racecourse kilns date from the early 2nd century AD. Production in the north generally dates from the 3rd century AD. The ware’s distribution is abundant on sites in Derbyshire, with a huge percentage at Little Chester as well as a scatter in the northern frontier zone and some specimens from Wales (Tyers, 1996, pages 190-1).

WMID-6EA123: VESSEL
Three ceramic wheel-thrown probable orange-bodied Derbyshire ware base sherds (thickness ranging from 13-20.5mm; collective weight: 124.84g). These sherds have an extremely hard, gritty fabric with a pimply surface (‘like goose-flesh petrified’), with colour varying from dark blue-grey to brick-red, sometimes with an irregular presence of these colours throughout the fabrics. The typical form of this ware is a jar with deep ‘bell-mouthed’ rim or rolled rim. Earlier specimens tend to have more lightly moulded rims, but this develops to a deeply dished form by the mid 3rd century. Bowls and dishes are also known in the same ware. Production commences by the mid 2nd century, but ‘pre-Derbyshire’ prototypes at Derby Racecourse kilns date from the early 2nd century AD. Production in the north generally dates from the 3rd century AD. The ware’s distribution is abundant on sites in Derbyshire, with a huge percentage at Little Chester as well as a scatter in the northern frontier zone and some specimens from Wales (Tyers, 1996, pages 190-1).

WMID-6E73F4: VESSEL
Two wheel-thrown ceramic body sherds of probable Severn Valley ware (thickness ranging from 6-6.5mm; collective weight: 15.11g). With a hard but fine-textured fabric, these have an off-white/ pink colour with small infrequent inclusions. There is no decoration all the pieces and they are in a slightly worn but fair condition. Widely distributed Severn Valley forms include handled tankards, storage and wide-mouthed jars, with production flourishing during the 2nd and early 3rd and continuing into the 4th century AD. Several 2nd/ 3rd century kiln sites are known, extending through the Severn valley (Alkington, Ledbury, Malvern, Perry Barr) to Wroxeter. The earliest production centres are not yet identified, but they were perhaps in the Gloucester region. During the mid 1st century AD, distribution was largely confined to sites in the Severn valley near the Gloucester region, but from the later 1st century, distributions were present at and around Wroxeter and Chester. The pottery is abundant on sites in the lower Severn basin through the 2nd/ 3rd century, but there was extension of small-scale supply to north-west England and near Hadrian’s Wall and Scotland in the 2nd century (Tyers, 1996, page 197-9).

WMID-6E41E5: VESSEL
Two wheel-thrown ceramic rim sherds of probable Verulamium-region type ware (thickness: 11-13mm; collective weight: 23.39g). A hard and slightly granular fabric with an off-white colour and small frequent inclusions. There is no decoration on the pieces and they are slightly worn but in a fair condition. Verulamium-regional forms include flagons, urns, jars and bowls, with production starting in the mid 1st century AD through to the mid 2nd century. Major workshops included Brockley Hill, Radlett, Little Munden and St. Albans with irregular distributions outside of the main production areas, including some scatters down the western side of the country, mostly around the Gloucestershire/ South Wales area (Tyers, 1996, 199-201).

WMID-6E20B3: VESSEL
One wheel-thrown ceramic base sherd of possible Verulamium-region type ware (thickness: 12.8mm; weight: 14.52g). A hard and slightly granular fabric with an off-white/ pink colour and small frequent inclusions, including some sparse large black gritty inclusions. There is no decoration on the piece. This sherd is slightly worn but in a fair condition. Verulamium-regional forms include flagons, urns, jars and bowls, with production starting in the mid 1st century AD through to the mid 2nd century. Major workshops included Brockley Hill, Radlett, Little Munden and St. Albans with irregular distributions outside of the main production areas, including some scatters down the western side of the country, mostly around the Gloucestershire/ South Wales area (Tyers, 1996, 199-201).

WMID-5EA1A4: VESSEL
Two base sherds of probable Severn Valley wheel-thrown ceramic ware (thickness ranging from 10-11mm; collective weight: 52.05g). With a hard but fine-textured fabric, these have a orange/ pink colour with a light grey core and small infrequent inclusions. One of the sherds has been recently repaired. There is no decoration all the pieces and they are in a slightly worn but fair condition. Widely distributed Severn Valley forms include handled tankards, storage and wide-mouthed jars, with production flourishing during the 2nd and early 3rd and continuing into the 4th century AD. Several 2nd/ 3rd century kiln sites are known, extending through the Severn valley (Alkington, Ledbury, Malvern, Perry Barr) to Wroxeter. The earliest production centres are not yet identified, but they were perhaps in the Gloucester region. During the mid 1st century AD, distribution was largely confined to sites in the Severn valley near the Gloucester region, but from the later 1st century, distributions were present at and around Wroxeter and Chester. The pottery is abundant on sites in the lower Severn basin through the 2nd/ 3rd century, but there was extension of small-scale supply to north-west England and near Hadrian’s Wall and Scotland in the 2nd century (Tyers, 1996, page 197-9).

WMID-59CDA1: VESSEL
One rim and two body sherds of wheel-thrown Samian ware (average thickness: 6.5-8.5mm; collective weight: 25.80g). All the sherds have a finely smooth and soft texture with an orange/ salmon-pink fabric. The two body sherds have slight remains of the glossy dark orange/ brown slip still on the surface, compared to the rim sherd where all the slip still remains.

A ceramic and wheel-thrown sherd of probable Roman pottery with a light grey surface colour and distinctive iron-rich red/ brown fill (46.3mm x 34.8mm; thickness: 8.1mm; weight: 20.30g). The smooth-textured fabric has small infrequent inclusions (some possible quartz?).

A probable ceramic wheel-thrown sherd of smooth Roman grey ware (34.4mm x 22.9mm; thickness: 8.1mm; weight: 5.85g). This sherd has a mottled grey/ beige surface colour with a lighter grey fill. There are infrequent gritty inclusions.

A ceramic possible wheel-thrown sherd of Derbyshire ware (35.7mm x 31.2mm; thickness: 14.5mm; weight: 10.98g). This sherd has an extremely rough, hard, gritty fabric, with colour varying from dark blue-grey to salmon-pink on the opposing side. The inner fill is of a orange/ grey colour. The typical form of Derbyshire ware is a jar with deep ‘bell-mouthed’ rim or rolled rim. Earlier specimens tend to have more lightly moulded rims, but this develops to a deeply dished form by the mid 3rd century. Bowls and dishes are also known in the same ware. Production commences by the mid 2nd century, but ‘pre-Derbyshire’ prototypes at Derby Racecourse kilns date from the early 2nd century AD. Production in the north generally dates from the 3rd century AD. The ware’s distribution is abundant on sites in Derbyshire, with a huge percentage at Little Chester as well as a scatter in the northern frontier zone and some specimens from Wales (Tyers, 1996, pages 190-1).

One ceramic wheel-thrown body sherd of probable Mancetter-Hartshill mortaria (32.3mm x 26.8mm; thickness: 9.7mm; weight: 7.78g). A fairly hard fine-textured fabric with an off-white/ pink core with smaller inclusions of quartz as well as abundant red-brown and black angular grits one side only. The earliest Mancetter-Hartshill mortaria at the start of the 2nd century AD had hooked flanges, with a hammerhead style developing later. Production continued from the 2nd-4th century AD. The distribution of this type of mortaria was extensive in the Midlands and the north during this time.

WMID-33E5A6: VESSEL
One ceramic wheel-thrown body sherd and one rim sherd of probable Derbyshire ware (thickness ranging from: 7.9-8.2mm; collective weight: 25.80g). This sherd has an extremely hard, gritty fabric with a pimply surface (‘like goose-flesh petrified’), with colour varying on most sherds from dark blue-grey to brick-red, sometimes with an irregular presence of these colours throughout the fabric. The typical form of this ware is a jar with deep ‘bell-mouthed’ rim or rolled rim. Earlier specimens tend to have more lightly moulded rims, but this develops to a deeply dished form by the mid 3rd century. Bowls and dishes are also known in the same ware. Production commences by the mid 2nd century, but ‘pre-Derbyshire’ prototypes at Derby Racecourse kilns date from the early 2nd century AD. Production in the north generally dates from the 3rd century AD. The ware’s distribution is abundant on sites in Derbyshire, with a huge percentage at Little Chester as well as a scatter in the northern frontier zone and some specimens from Wales (Tyers, 1996, pages 190-1).

WMID-33A646: WINDOW GLASS
One edge fragment of cast blue/green Roman window glass. The underside is flat and rough and the upper side is glossy. It is 45.5mm long, 42.2mm wide, 2.1mm thick and weighs 7.16g. There are frequent impurities and bubbles in the glass.

Two ceramic wheel-thrown body fragments of Medieval period, with the remains of a probable lead glaze on one side on both pieces (thickness ranging from 7.3mm – 8mm; collective weight: 19.52g). Both sherds have a hard fabric with small frequent grit/ quartz inclusions.

WMID-335AE4: VESSEL
Thirty ceramic wheel-thrown body sherds of grey-coloured Derbyshire ware (thickness ranging from 4.2mm – 13.9mm; collective weight: exceeds weight limit of scales). These sherds have an extremely hard, gritty fabric with a pimply surface (‘like goose-flesh petrified’), with colour varying on most sherds from dark blue-grey to brick-red, sometimes with an irregular presence of these colours throughout the fabrics. The typical form of this ware is a jar with deep ‘bell-mouthed’ rim or rolled rim. Earlier specimens tend to have more lightly moulded rims, but this develops to a deeply dished form by the mid 3rd century. Bowls and dishes are also known in the same ware. Production commences by the mid 2nd century, but ‘pre-Derbyshire’ prototypes at Derby Racecourse kilns date from the early 2nd century AD. Production in the north generally dates from the 3rd century AD. The ware’s distribution is abundant on sites in Derbyshire, with a huge percentage at Little Chester as well as a scatter in the northern frontier zone and some specimens from Wales (Tyers, 1996, pages 190-1).

Two ceramic wheel-thrown base sherds of grey-coloured Derbyshire ware (thickness ranging from 11.1mm – 17.1mm; collective weight: 41.24g). These sherds have an extremely hard, gritty fabric with a pimply surface (‘like goose-flesh petrified’), with colour varying on most sherds from dark blue-grey to brick-red, sometimes with an irregular presence of these colours throughout the fabrics. The typical form of this ware is a jar with deep ‘bell-mouthed’ rim or rolled rim. Earlier specimens tend to have more lightly moulded rims, but this develops to a deeply dished form by the mid 3rd century. Bowls and dishes are also known in the same ware. Production commences by the mid 2nd century, but ‘pre-Derbyshire’ prototypes at Derby Racecourse kilns date from the early 2nd century AD. Production in the north generally dates from the 3rd century AD. The ware’s distribution is abundant on sites in Derbyshire, with a huge percentage at Little Chester as well as a scatter in the northern frontier zone and some specimens from Wales (Tyers, 1996, pages 190-1).

WMID-32F8D1: VESSEL
Twelve ceramic wheel-thrown rim sherds of grey-coloured Derbyshire ware (thickness ranging from 5.8mm – 18.3mm; collective weight: 190.97g). These sherds have an extremely hard, gritty fabric with a pimply surface (‘like goose-flesh petrified’), with colour varying on most sherds from dark blue-grey to brick-red, sometimes with an irregular presence of these colours throughout the fabrics. The typical form of this ware is a jar with deep ‘bell-mouthed’ rim or rolled rim. Earlier specimens tend to have more lightly moulded rims, but this develops to a deeply dished form by the mid 3rd century. Bowls and dishes are also known in the same ware. Production commences by the mid 2nd century, but ‘pre-Derbyshire’ prototypes at Derby Racecourse kilns date from the early 2nd century AD. Production in the north generally dates from the 3rd century AD. The ware’s distribution is abundant on sites in Derbyshire, with a huge percentage at Little Chester as well as a scatter in the northern frontier zone and some specimens from Wales (Tyers, 1996, pages 190-1).

WMID-32D0F4: VESSEL
Four ceramic wheel-thrown base sherds of orange-coloured Derbyshire ware (thickness ranging from 8.1mm – 18mm; collective weight: 84.71g). These sherds have an extremely hard, gritty fabric with a pimply surface (‘like goose-flesh petrified’), with colour varying on most sherds from dark blue-grey to brick-red, sometimes with an irregular presence of these colours throughout the fabrics. The typical form of this ware is a jar with deep ‘bell-mouthed’ rim or rolled rim. Earlier specimens tend to have more lightly moulded rims, but this develops to a deeply dished form by the mid 3rd century. Bowls and dishes are also known in the same ware. Production commences by the mid 2nd century, but ‘pre-Derbyshire’ prototypes at Derby Racecourse kilns date from the early 2nd century AD. Production in the north generally dates from the 3rd century AD. The ware’s distribution is abundant on sites in Derbyshire, with a huge percentage at Little Chester as well as a scatter in the northern frontier zone and some specimens from Wales (Tyers, 1996, pages 190-1).

WMID-32AD22: VESSEL
Four ceramic wheel-thrown rim sherds of orange-coloured Derbyshire ware (thickness ranging from 7.6mm – 12.2mm; collective weight: 25.11g). These sherds have an extremely hard, gritty fabric with a pimply surface (‘like goose-flesh petrified’), with colour varying on most sherds from dark blue-grey to brick-red, sometimes with an irregular presence of these colours throughout the fabrics. The typical form of this ware is a jar with deep ‘bell-mouthed’ rim or rolled rim. Earlier specimens tend to have more lightly moulded rims, but this develops to a deeply dished form by the mid 3rd century. Bowls and dishes are also known in the same ware. Production commences by the mid 2nd century, but ‘pre-Derbyshire’ prototypes at Derby Racecourse kilns date from the early 2nd century AD. Production in the north generally dates from the 3rd century AD. The ware’s distribution is abundant on sites in Derbyshire, with a huge percentage at Little Chester as well as a scatter in the northern frontier zone and some specimens from Wales (Tyers, 1996, pages 190-1).

WMID-328DF8: VESSEL
Twenty four ceramic wheel-thrown body sherds of mostly orange-coloured Derbyshire ware (thickness ranging from 3.7mm – 10.9mm; collective weight: 177.56g). These sherds have an extremely hard, gritty fabric with a pimply surface (‘like goose-flesh petrified’), with colour varying on most sherds from dark blue-grey to brick-red, sometimes with an irregular presence of these colours throughout the fabrics. The typical form of this ware is a jar with deep ‘bell-mouthed’ rim or rolled rim. Earlier specimens tend to have more lightly moulded rims, but this develops to a deeply dished form by the mid 3rd century. Bowls and dishes are also known in the same ware. Production commences by the mid 2nd century, but ‘pre-Derbyshire’ prototypes at Derby Racecourse kilns date from the early 2nd century AD. Production in the north generally dates from the 3rd century AD. The ware’s distribution is abundant on sites in Derbyshire, with a huge percentage at Little Chester as well as a scatter in the northern frontier zone and some specimens from Wales (Tyers, 1996, pages 190-1).

WMID-325EF5: VESSEL
Two ceramic probable wheel-thrown rim sherds of possible Derbyshire ware (thickness ranging from 11.1mm – 12mm; collective weight: 33.17g). These sherds have a worn but still fairly hard, slightly gritty fabric, with colour varying from dark blue-grey/ off white to brick-red, sometimes with an irregular presence of these colours throughout the fabrics. The typical form of this ware is a jar with deep ‘bell-mouthed’ rim or rolled rim. Earlier specimens tend to have more lightly moulded rims, but this develops to a deeply dished form by the mid 3rd century. Bowls and dishes are also known in the same ware. Production commences by the mid 2nd century, but ‘pre-Derbyshire’ prototypes at Derby Racecourse kilns date from the early 2nd century AD. Production in the north generally dates from the 3rd century AD. The ware’s distribution is abundant on sites in Derbyshire, with a huge percentage at Little Chester as well as a scatter in the northern frontier zone and some specimens from Wales (Tyers, 1996, pages 190-1).

WMID-31F5B0: VESSEL
A small ceramic wheel-thrown rim sherd of probable Nene Valley colour-coated ware (23.2mm x 15.2mm; thickness: 4.3mm; weight: 1.78g). The fabric is hard but smooth-textured with an off-white/ pink colour and small frequent inclusions. No decoration is visible and the piece is slightly worn with much of the dark grey/ black colour coating remaining, as well as small areas of dark red coating remaining on the opposing side. Nene valley produced a wide range of tablewares, including jars, flagons and bottles, imitation Samian forms, Castor boxes, cups and beakers. These colour-coated wares were produced from the mid-2nd century AD, probably in the hands of immigrant (lower Rhineland?) craftsmen, with some influence from East Gaulish sigillata industries during the early 3rd century. Production continued until the end of the 4th century AD. There was a wide distribution in eastern England, particularly in the late 4th century, but occasional wares have been identified in the West Midlands (Tyers, 1996, pages 173-5).

WMID-31D4A5: VESSEL
One ceramic wheel-thrown rim sherd of smooth Roman grey ware (34.1mm x 22.2mm; thickness: 10.2mm; weight: 7.54g). This hard grey fabric has frequent iron-red streaks or dots staining throughout, as well as abundant grits.

Five ceramic wheel-thrown body sherds of possible Severn Valley ware (thickness ranging from 4.4mm – 9mm; collective weight: 47.12g). Most of these sherds are probably Severn Valley ware, with a hard but fine-textured fabric of brown or reddish-orange colour at the surface, sometimes with a grey core. Some sherds are slightly micaceous but others are coarsely gritted. None of the sherds are decorated, but are slightly worn and in a fair condition. Widely distributed Severn Valley forms include handled tankards, storage and wide-mouthed jars, with production flourishing during the 2nd and early 3rd and continuing into the 4th century AD. Several 2nd/ 3rd century kiln sites are known, extending through the Severn valley (Alkington, Ledbury, Malvern, Perry Barr) to Wroxeter. The earliest production centres are not yet identified, but they were perhaps in the Gloucester region. During the mid 1st century AD, distribution was largely confined to sites in the Severn valley near the Gloucester region, but from the later 1st century, distributions were present at and around Wroxeter and Chester. The pottery is abundant on sites in the lower Severn basin through the 2nd/ 3rd century, but there was extension of small-scale supply to north-west England and near Hadrian’s Wall and Scotland in the 2nd century (Tyers, 1996, page 197-9).

Three ceramic wheel-thrown body sherds of light orange fabric with small infrequent, but large inclusions (collective weight: 5.29g). There seems to be a small amount of probable black colour-coating on one of the sherds. Of probable Roman date?

One ceramic wheel-thrown body sherd of dark grey/ blue ware, probably of Roman date (36mm x 32.3mm; thickness: 7.9mm; weight: 11.61g). These sherd is smooth on one side and coarse on the other, and has small frequent black grits and quartz in the fill. There are also patchy red stains throughout.

Three ceramic wheel-thrown body sherds of Mancetter-Hartshill mortaria (thickness ranging from 8.6mm – 12mm; collective weight: 48.01g). A fairly hard fine-textured fabric with an off-white/ pink core with smaller inclusions of quartz as well as abundant red-brown and black angular grits one side only. The earliest Mancetter-Hartshill mortaria at the start of the 2nd century AD had hooked flanges, with a hammerhead style developing later. Production continued from the 2nd-4th century AD. The distribution of this type of mortaria was extensive in the Midlands and the north during this time.

Three ceramic wheel-thrown body sherds of Severn Valley ware (thickness ranging from 4mm – 6.3mm; collective weight: 14.07g). The sherds have a hard but fine-textured fabric of grey/ brown or reddish-orange colour at the surface, sometimes with a grey core. All sherds are slightly micaceous with small frequent inclusions. None of the pieces are decorated, but are slightly worn and in a fair condition. Widely distributed Severn Valley forms include handled tankards, storage and wide-mouthed jars, with production flourishing during the 2nd and early 3rd and continuing into the 4th century AD. Several 2nd/ 3rd century kiln sites are known, extending through the Severn valley (Alkington, Ledbury, Malvern, Perry Barr) to Wroxeter. The earliest production centres are not yet identified, but they were perhaps in the Gloucester region. During the mid 1st century AD, distribution was largely confined to sites in the Severn valley near the Gloucester region, but from the later 1st century, distributions were present at and around Wroxeter and Chester. The pottery is abundant on sites in the lower Severn basin through the 2nd/ 3rd century, but there was extension of small-scale supply to north-west England and near Hadrian’s Wall and Scotland in the 2nd century (Tyers, 1996, page 197-9).

WMID-30C4D4: VESSEL
A ceramic wheel-thrown rim sherd, of probable Medieval date (56.3mm x 33.6mm; thickness: 11.9mm; weight: 32.91g). This thick but finely made sherd has an off-white/ pink colour with tiny frequent black gritty inclusions. The rim would have substantially protruded out from the main body of the vessel, and may have been in the form of a dish or bowl of heavy-duty usage.

WMID-309055: CORE
One knapped core fragment/ irregular waste, probably dating to the Neolithic period (length: 2.8mm; width: 3mm; thickness: 10.8mm; weight: 9.22g). Dark grey raw material with cortex. The bulb of percussion is clearly visible with an eraillure scar below, derived from the process of breaking up a nodule. Ripples or ‘lunettes’ are also visible.

WMID-306EB5: CORE
Eight knapped core fragments, probably dating to the Neolithic period (length ranging from 13mm – 29mm; width ranging from 9mm – 29mm; thickness ranging from 2mm – 12mm; collective weight: 15.72g). Most of the fragments are of a mid grey raw material, with cortex on some of them. One fragment is completely re-corticated and has a ‘pyramid shape’. Eraillure scars are present on two of the pieces where the bulb of percussion is still partly visible.

WMID-304D85: MICROLITH
A knapped microlith, possibly dating to the Mesolithic period (length: 3.1mm; width: 17.8mm; thickness: 5.1mm; weight: 2.05g). This off-white piece is 100% re-corticated with an obliquely blunted point and ‘ancillary re-touch’. The bulb of percussion is visible on the ventral side, with three main arrises on the dorsal.

WMID-2FFB43: FLAKE
Twelve flakes, dating to the Neolithic period. Flakes 1-5: mid grey raw material 80% re-corticated (length ranging from 12.3mm – 29.7mm; width ranging from 9.3mm – 17.4mm; thickness ranging from 2.8mm – 5.7mm; collective weight: 5.81g). One of the flakes has the cortex present and a hinge fracture. Flakes 6-8: dark grey raw material (length ranging from 20.2mm – 23.9mm; width ranging from 10.2mm – 15.4mm; thickness ranging from 6 – 8mm; collective weight: 4.61g). Two of the flakes have been re-touched along the distal edge. One flake also has a hing fracture. Flakes 9-10: light brown raw material (length ranging from 24mm – 24.4mm; width ranging from 17mm – 20.9mm; thickness ranging from 4.3mm – 5.7mm; collective weight: 4.32g). Both flakes have a striking platform and pronounced bulb of percussion with eraillure scars below as well as multiple arrises and ripples or ‘lunettes’. They have both been re-touched along the distal and mesial edge on the dorsal surface. Flake 11: honey coloured raw material (length: 22.9mm; width: 10.5mm; thickness: 6.1mm; weight: 1.76g). Re-touching on the mesial edge on the dorsal surface and terminating on a hinge fracture.

WMID-2FD055: CORE
Four flint knapped cores, dating to the Early Neolithic (length ranging from 25mm – 34mm; width ranging from 18mm – 27mm; thickness averaging at 11mm; collective weight: 45.01g). All the cores have two striking platforms (and multiple arrises) with broad flake and blade scars. The largest and smallest of the cores are of a mid grey raw material with 100% re-cortication and cortex. The two mid size pieces are of a dark grey raw material, the smaller having a small area of cortex.

WMID-2F91A6: SCRAPER (TOOL)
A disc, circular or round scraper on a broad thick flake, with total re-touch, dating to the Neolithic period (length: 27mm; width: 24.6mm; depth/ thickness: 15mm; weight: 9.13g). There are broad flake scars on the dorsal surface and the flake has been re-touched on the mesial edge and the distal. The distal edge has been re-touched with parallel removals and the left mesial edge with scaled removals on the dorsal surface. The bulb of percussion is unpronounced: soft hammer. The raw material is a very dark flint with the cortex present, and is 100% re-corticated.

WMID-2ED0D3: SPINDLE WHORL
A cast lead bi-conical spindle whorl, dating to the 15th/ 16th century AD (diameter: 30.2mm; thickness: 9.9mm; weight: 40.95g). Although the artefact is worn, there is still noticeable decoration in the form of eight protruding dots on each side. Irregular incised lines do appear, but they seem to be due to damage. In the centre, there is a straight-sided cylindrical hole cutting through the artefact.

WMID-2EAD97: LITHIC IMPLEMENT
A knapped flint notched artefact with re-touch along the mesial edges on the dorsal side, dating to the Neolithic period (length: 21.2mm; width: 15.2mm; thickness: 4.1mm; weight: 1.97g). There are three main arrises also on the dorsal indicating the amount of times the artefact was struck. A dark brown/ black raw material.

WMID-2E8AA4: LITHIC IMPLEMENT
A knapped flint end scraper with a re-touched edge localised to the distal edge, dating to the Neolithic period (length: 27.7mm; width: 30.3mm; thickness: 10mm; weight: 8.67g). The bulb of percussion and ripples or 'lunettes' are no longer visible on the ventral. A small part of the cortex remains on the dorsal side, with re-touch at the distal, and slightly down the mesial end. There are also two main arrises on the dorsal. A dark brown/ grey raw material.

WMID-2E5C93: LITHIC IMPLEMENT
A knapped flint semi-circular scraper with re-touch along the distal edge and mesial edges on the dorsal (length: 36.3mm; width: 34.9mm; thickness: 11mm; weight: 11.47g). The bulb of percussion is no longer visible on the ventral side, but the ripples or ‘lunettes’ can still be faintly noticed. There are two main arrises on the dorsal surface indicating where the flint had been struck. A light-dark brown raw material, this form of scraper can range over a broad period from the Earlier – Later Neolithic.

WMID-F53B24: LITHIC IMPLEMENT
A knapped fragment of irregular waste/ flint debris derived from the process of breaking up a nodule, dating to the Neolithic period (length: 21.8mm; width: 28.3mm; thickness: 12.7mm; weight: 4.61g). Approximately 10% of the cortex still remains on the dorsal side with multiple arrises. There is no evidence of re-touch.

WMID-F51C86: LITHIC IMPLEMENT
A probable knapped flint notched blade, where it seems to have retained an indentation and worked by abrupt re-touch, dating to the Neolithic period (length: 41.2mm; width: 17.8mm; thickness: 3.9mm; weight: 2.92g). Part of the bulb with eraillure scar is still visible on the ventral side with clear ripples or ‘lunettes’ radiatting outwards. On the dorsal, there are two main arrises with some re-touch at the distal end. A light grey/ yellow raw material.

WMID-F4D905: LITHIC IMPLEMENT
A possible knapped flint notch or irregular waste, dating to the Neolithic period (length: 34mm; width: 28.8mm; thickness: 6.1mm; weight: 3.65g). The bulb of percussion and eraillure scar directly below are visible, as are the ripples or ‘lunettes’ on the ventral side. On the dorsal, there are two main arrises with ‘lunettes’ radiatting outwards. There is some re-touch at the distal and mesial edges. A light brown/ honey coloured raw material

WMID-F41595: VESSEL
Ten ceramic wheel-thrown rim sherds of probable Derbyshire ware (thickness ranging from 7.7mm – 22.1mm; collective weight: 171.72g). These sherds have an extremely hard, gritty fabric with a pimply surface (‘like goose-flesh petrified’), with colour varying on most sherds from dark blue-grey to brick-red, sometimes with an irregular presence of these colours throughout the fabrics. The typical form of this ware is a jar with deep ‘bell-mouthed’ rim or rolled rim. Earlier specimens tend to have more lightly moulded rims, but this develops to a deeply dished form by the mid 3rd century. Bowls and dishes are also known in the same ware. Production commences by the mid 2nd century, but ‘pre-Derbyshire’ prototypes at Derby Racecourse kilns date from the early 2nd century AD. Production in the north generally dates from the 3rd century AD. The ware’s distribution is abundant on sites in Derbyshire, with a huge percentage at Little Chester as well as a scatter in the northern frontier zone and some specimens from Wales (Tyers, 1996, pages 190-1).

WMID-F3F646: VESSEL
Nine ceramic wheel-thrown body sherds of probable Derbyshire ware, with some examples of Severn Valley ware (thickness: 5mm – 11.9mm; collection weight: 75.99g). Some of these sherds have an hard, gritty fabric with a pimply surface, with colour sometimes varying from dark blue-grey to brick-red, sometimes with an irregular presence of these colours throughout the fabrics. The typical form of Derbyshire ware is a jar with deep ‘bell-mouthed’ rim or rolled rim. Earlier specimens tend to have more lightly moulded rims, but this develops to a deeply dished form by the mid 3rd century. Bowls and dishes are also known in the same ware. Production commences by the mid 2nd century, but ‘pre-Derbyshire’ prototypes at Derby Racecourse kilns date from the early 2nd century AD. Production in the north generally dates from the 3rd century AD. The ware’s distribution is abundant on sites in Derbyshire, with a huge percentage at Little Chester as well as a scatter in the northern frontier zone and some specimens from Wales (Tyers, 1996, pages 190-1). In comparison, Severn valley ware is widely distributed with forms including handled tankards, storage and wide-mouthed jars, with production flourishing during the 2nd and early 3rd and continuing into the 4th century AD. Several 2nd/ 3rd century kiln sites are known, extending through the Severn valley (Alkington, Ledbury, Malvern, Perry Barr) to Wroxeter. The earliest production centres are not yet identified, but they were perhaps in the Gloucester region. During the mid 1st century AD, distribution was largely confined to sites in the Severn valley near the Gloucester region, but from the later 1st century, distributions were present at and around Wroxeter and Chester. The pottery is abundant on sites in the lower Severn basin through the 2nd/ 3rd century, but there was extension of small-scale supply to north-west England and near Hadrian’s Wall and Scotland in the 2nd century (Tyers, 1996, page 197-9).

Five ceramic wheel-thrown base sherds of probable Derbyshire ware (thickness ranging from 12.7mm – 20.1mm; collective weight: 174.25g). These sherds have an extremely hard, gritty fabric with a pimply surface (‘like goose-flesh petrified’), with colour varying on most sherds from dark blue-grey to brick-red, sometimes with an irregular presence of these colours throughout the fabrics. The typical form of this ware is a jar with deep ‘bell-mouthed’ rim or rolled rim. Earlier specimens tend to have more lightly moulded rims, but this develops to a deeply dished form by the mid 3rd century. Bowls and dishes are also known in the same ware. Production commences by the mid 2nd century, but ‘pre-Derbyshire’ prototypes at Derby Racecourse kilns date from the early 2nd century AD. Production in the north generally dates from the 3rd century AD. The ware’s distribution is abundant on sites in Derbyshire, with a huge percentage at Little Chester as well as a scatter in the northern frontier zone and some specimens from Wales (Tyers, 1996, pages 190-1).

WMID-F32C05: VESSEL
Three rim and one body ceramic wheel-thrown sherds of Severn Valley ware (thickness ranging from 7.5mm – 12.6mm; collective weight: 59.59g). With a hard but fine-textured fabric, these have an orange/ pink colour with small infrequent inclusions. There is no decoration all the pieces and they are in a slightly worn but fair condition. Widely distributed Severn Valley forms include handled tankards, storage and wide-mouthed jars, with production flourishing during the 2nd and early 3rd and continuing into the 4th century AD. Several 2nd/ 3rd century kiln sites are known, extending through the Severn valley (Alkington, Ledbury, Malvern, Perry Barr) to Wroxeter. The earliest production centres are not yet identified, but they were perhaps in the Gloucester region. During the mid 1st century AD, distribution was largely confined to sites in the Severn valley near the Gloucester region, but from the later 1st century, distributions were present at and around Wroxeter and Chester. The pottery is abundant on sites in the lower Severn basin through the 2nd/ 3rd century, but there was extension of small-scale supply to north-west England and near Hadrian’s Wall and Scotland in the 2nd century (Tyers, 1996, page 197-9).

WMID-F30BA7: VESSEL
Twelve ceramic wheel-thrown rim sherds of orange-bodied Derbyshire ware (thickness ranging from 4.9mm – 15.2mm; collective weight: 216.88g). These sherds have an extremely hard, gritty fabric with a pimply surface (‘like goose-flesh petrified’), with colour varying on most sherds from dark blue-grey to brick-red, sometimes with an irregular presence of these colours throughout the fabrics. The typical form of this ware is a jar with deep ‘bell-mouthed’ rim or rolled rim. Earlier specimens tend to have more lightly moulded rims, but this develops to a deeply dished form by the mid 3rd century. Bowls and dishes are also known in the same ware. Production commences by the mid 2nd century, but ‘pre-Derbyshire’ prototypes at Derby Racecourse kilns date from the early 2nd century AD. Production in the north generally dates from the 3rd century AD. The ware’s distribution is abundant on sites in Derbyshire, with a huge percentage at Little Chester as well as a scatter in the northern frontier zone and some specimens from Wales (Tyers, 1996, pages 190-1).

WMID-F2EE30: VESSEL
Nine ceramic wheel-thrown base sherds of grey-bodied Derbyshire ware (thickness ranging from 10.2mm – 19.8mm; collective weight: exceeds weight limit of 250g). These sherds have an extremely hard, gritty fabric with a pimply surface (‘like goose-flesh petrified’), with colour varying on most sherds from dark blue-grey to brick-red, sometimes with an irregular presence of these colours throughout the fabrics. The typical form of this ware is a jar with deep ‘bell-mouthed’ rim or rolled rim. Earlier specimens tend to have more lightly moulded rims, but this develops to a deeply dished form by the mid 3rd century. Bowls and dishes are also known in the same ware. Production commences by the mid 2nd century, but ‘pre-Derbyshire’ prototypes at Derby Racecourse kilns date from the early 2nd century AD. Production in the north generally dates from the 3rd century AD. The ware’s distribution is abundant on sites in Derbyshire, with a huge percentage at Little Chester as well as a scatter in the northern frontier zone and some specimens from Wales (Tyers, 1996, pages 190-1).

WMID-F2C3F0: VESSEL
Twenty five ceramic wheel-thrown rim sherds of grey-bodied Derbyshire ware (thickness ranging from 8.3mm - 16.8mm; collective weight: exceeds weight limit of 250g). These sherds have an extremely hard, gritty fabric with a pimply surface (‘like goose-flesh petrified’), with colour varying on most sherds from dark blue-grey to brick-red, sometimes with an irregular presence of these colours throughout the fabrics. The typical form of this ware is a jar with deep ‘bell-mouthed’ rim or rolled rim. Earlier specimens tend to have more lightly moulded rims, but this develops to a deeply dished form by the mid 3rd century. Bowls and dishes are also known in the same ware. Production commences by the mid 2nd century, but ‘pre-Derbyshire’ prototypes at Derby Racecourse kilns date from the early 2nd century AD. Production in the north generally dates from the 3rd century AD. The ware’s distribution is abundant on sites in Derbyshire, with a huge percentage at Little Chester as well as a scatter in the northern frontier zone and some specimens from Wales (Tyers, 1996, pages 190-1).

One ceramic wheel-thrown body sherd and one rim sherd of probable brown salt-glazed stoneware, dating to the late 17th/ 18th century (thickness ranging from 16mm – 19.9mm; collective weight: 160.72g). A fine vitreous yellow-grey evenly fired stoneware body with occasional quartz inclusions, the surface colour is achieved through iron wash into which the vessel was dipped. These wares were fired at 1200°-1400°C, within saggars (D. A. Ford, 1999). On the outside edge of one of the sherds, there are two fingerprints as decoration on a slightly raised platform. This ware appears in many forms: tankards, mugs, posset pots, cups, jars, ink or ointment pots and saucepans. The base sherd probably comes from an ink pot. This ware is well known in Nottinghamshire, Derbyshire as well as Staffordshire.

Six ceramic wheel-thrown rim sherds of probable coarse earthenware, dating to the 17th/ 18th century AD (thickness ranging from 10.9mm – 24.9mm; collective weight: exceeds weight limit of 250g). These hard fired earthenwares have a colour ranging from salmony pink orange red with small frequent inclusions in the fill as well as glaze remaining on the insides of the sherds. The glaze is nearly black in colour with a dark red slip below. Additionally, one of the smaller sherds may be Staffordshire Black ware, also dating to the same period.Coarse earthenwares originated in the 15th/ 16th century and were recognised as a distinct ware in the 17th century, with production continuing into the 19th century. Later production forms include jars (rounded or cylindrical), bowls and large bowls or pancheons/ milk pans. Production centres are numerously known in Staffordshire & the West Midlands. Most of these sherds may come from pancheons.

WMID-DFA7C8: VESSEL
Two ceramic wheel-thrown body sherds and one rim sherd of probable Staffordshire Blackware, dating to the 17th/ 18th century AD (thickness ranging from 7.1mm – 16.7mm [with handles]; collective weight: 59.23g). A hard-fired earthenware, the fabric colour ranges from salmony pink, orange and light purple with a dark brown/ black glaze inside and out and a slightly metallic finish. Remains of a dark red slip can be seen below the glaze. Slight decoration known as ‘turning’, which produces horizontal bands or ridges on vessels, can be seen on the inside of one of the sherds.Blackwares originate from Cistercian wares in the 15th/ 16th century, but is recognised in Staffordshire from the 17th century, with a decline in the mid 18th century AD. Later forms include round-bodied and straight sided cups and mugs, porringers, dishes, bowls, posset and chamber pots. One of these sherds has a slightly irregular double pinched handle, and probably came from a mug. Production centres are widely distributed throughout North Wales, Herefordshire, Merseyside, Yorkshire to Essex and Kent, bit are also well represented in the Midlands at Wednesbury and Ticknall as well as sites in North Staffordshire (D. A. Ford & D. barker, 1999).

WMID-DF84C2: VESSEL
Sixteen ceramic wheel-thrown body sherds of probable coarse earthenware, dating from the 17th/ 18th century AD (thickness ranging from 4.1mm – 14.8mm; collective weight: exceds weight of scales: 230g). These hard fired earthenwares have a colour ranging from salmony pink orange red with small frequent inclusions in the fill as well as glaze remaining on one of the sherds. The glaze is nearly black in colour with a dark red slip below – the slip is present on both sides.Coarse earthenwares originated in the 15th/ 16th century and were recognised as a distinct ware in the 17th century, with production continuing into the 19th century. Later production forms include jars (rounded or cylindrical), bowls and large bowls or pancheons/ milk pans. Production centres are numerously known in Staffordshire & the West Midlands.

WMID-DF5312: VESSEL
One ceramic wheel-thrown rim sherd of probable Staffordshire Blackware, dating to the 17th/ 18th century AD (36.8mm x 15.5mm; thickness: 11.3mm; collective weight: 7.81g). A hard-fired earthenware, the fabric colour is salmon pink with a dark brown/ black glaze inside and out and a slightly metallic finish.Blackwares originate from Cistercian wares in the 15th/ 16th century, but is recognised in Staffordshire from the 17th century, with a decline in the mid 18th century AD. Later forms include round-bodied and straight sided cups and mugs, porringers, dishes, bowls, posset and chamber pots. One of these sherds has a slightly irregular double pinched handle, and probably came from a mug. Production centres are widely distributed throughout North Wales, Herefordshire, Merseyside, Yorkshire to Essex and Kent, bit are also well represented in the Midlands at Wednesbury and Ticknall as well as sites in North Staffordshire (D. A. Ford & D. barker, 1999).

WMID-DF1077: VESSEL
Four ceramic wheel-thrown body sherds, one side and base sherd and two rim sherds of probable worn coarse earthenware, dating to the 17th/ 18th century AD (thickness ranging from 5mm – 18.7mm; collective weight: 188.13g). These hard fired earthenwares have a colour ranging from salmony pink orange red with small frequent inclusions in the fill as well as glaze remaining on one side of the sherds, particularly on the inside. The glaze is nearly black in colour with a dark red slip below. Additonally, one of the smaller sherds may be Staffordshire Black ware, also dating to the same period.Coarse earthenwares originated in the 15th/ 16th century and were recognised as a distinct ware in the 17th century, with production continuing into the 19th century. Later production forms jars (rounded or cylindrical), bowls and large bowls or pancheons/ milk pans. Production centres are numerously known in Staffordshire & the West Midlands. Most of these sherds may come from pancheons.

WMID-DEECC8: VESSEL
Ten ceramic wheel-thrown base sherds of probable coarse earthenware, dating to the 17th/ 18th century AD (thickness ranging from 8mm – 13.7mm; collective weight: 184.49g). These hard fired earthenwares have a colour ranging from salmony pink orange red with small frequent inclusions in the fill as well as glaze remaining on one side of the sherds, particularly on the inside. The glaze is nearly black in colour with a dark red slip below. Additionally, one of the smaller sherds may be Staffordshire Black ware, also dating to the same period.Coarse earthenwares originated in the 15th/ 16th century and were recognised as a distinct ware in the 17th century, with production continuing into the 19th century. Later production forms jars (rounded or cylindrical), bowls and large bowls or pancheons/ milk pans. Production centres are numerously known in Staffordshire & the West Midlands. Most of these sherds may come from pancheons.

WMID-DEAC95: VESSEL
One ceramic wheel-thrown rim sherd and one base sherd or probable brown salt-glazed stoneware, dating to the late 17th/ 18th century AD (thickness ranging from 7.1mm - 10mm; collective weight: 58.41g). A fine vitreous grey evenly fired stoneware body with occasional quartz inclusions, the surface colour is achieved through iron wash into which the vessel was dipped. These wares were fired at 1200°-1400°C, within saggars (D. A. Ford, 1999). On the outside edge of one of the sherds, a kite shape decoration around it has been incised into the fabric. This ware appears in many forms: tankards, mugs, posset pots, cups, jars, ink or ointment pots and saucepans. The base sherd probably comes from an ink pot. This ware is well known in Nottinghamshire, Derbyshire as well as Staffordshire.

WMID-DE8EE6: VESSEL
Two ceramic wheel-thrown body sherds and one rim sherd of probable coarse earthenware, dating to the 18th century AD (thickness ranging from 8.9mm – 13.7mm; collective weight: 41.07g). These hard-fired earthenwares have a colour ranging from salmony pink to orange red with small frequent inclusions in the fill as well as glaze remaining on one side of the sherds, particularly on the inside. The glaze is nearly black in colour with a dark red slip below.Coarse earthenwares originated in the 15th/ 16th century and were recognised as a distinct ware in the 17th century, with production continuing into the 19th century. Later production forms jars (rounded or cylindrical), bowls and large bowls or pancheons/ milk pans. Production centres are numerously known in Staffordshire & the West Midlands. Most of these sherds may come from pancheons.

WMID-DE5A11: PIPE (SMOKING)
Two undecorated clay pipe bowl fragments (average thickness: 4mm; collective weight: 5.96g), dating from c. 1650-1850.

WMID-DE3E78: PIPE (SMOKING)
A fragment of a clay pipe bowl with wavey incised decoration on the outside, dating from c. 1790-1850 (length: 24.8mm; width: 16mm; thickness: 4mm; weight: 1.72g).

WMID-DE24B4: PIPE (SMOKING)
A clay pipe stem fragment, dating from approximately c. 1650-1850 (length: 54.9mm; diameter: 7mm; weight: 4.01g). Made from pipe clay.

WMID-DE0A34: PIPE (SMOKING)
A fragment of a clay pipe bowl with punched decoration around the rim as well as blackened/ blue staining, dating from c. 1680-1750 (length: 25.8mm; width: 14.1mm; thickness: 3.7mm; weight: 1.35g). Made from pipe clay. A similar example is illustrated in Faith Cleverdon's 'Survey and Excavation in the Manifold Valley', Staffordshire Archaeological Studies No. 5, 1995, pages 13 & 16, ref no 13, and is dated from c. 1680-1730.

WMID-DDE535: PIPE (SMOKING)
An incomplete hollow clay pipe bowl with a small part of the spur and stem still present, dating from c. 1770-1830 (length: 45.2mm; diameter at top of bowl: 23.2mm; width at bottom of bowl: 14.3mm; thickness at top of bowl: 3mm; weight: 9.53g). There is leaf decoration at the joins to either side of the bowl. The artefact is slightly worn but in a fair condition. Made from pipe clay. A similar example is illustrated in Faith Cleverdon's 'Survey and Excavation in the Manifold Valley', Staffordshire Archaeological Studies No. 5, 1995, pages 13 & 16, ref no 18, and is dated from c. 1810-60.

WMID-DD8E33: PIPE (SMOKING)
Six clay pipe stems with a small part of the bowl remaining, dating from c. 1720-1820 (average diameter of stem: 8mm; collective weight: 20.23g). Each of these fragments has either a complete, slightly broken or missing spur below where the bowl meets the stem. In most examples, they protrude downwards at a near right angle, ending in a smoothed point. Slightly different spur points may indicate that the pipes were made in local and different production centres (Cleverdon, 1995, 13). All these examples are undecorated and are in a slightly worn but fair condition. Made from pipe clay. Reference: Faith Cleverdon, 'Survey and Excavation in the Manifold Valley', Staffordshie Archaeological Studies No. 5, 1995, 13.

WMID-B624C4: UNIDENTIFIED OBJECT
An incomplete cast copper alloy unidentified hollow object, possibly dating to the Roman period (length: 54.5mm; width: 29.9mm; thickness: 28.2mm; weight: 42.30g). At one end, the artefact looks liek a possible handle with a conical hollow curve thinning towards a point and a knobbed end as the tip. Below this conical curve, there is a prominent ridge protruding out from most of the artefact. At the opposing end under the ridge, there are two uneven holes (possibly for eyes?) with a serrated edge to the side and underneath. It even seems to look like a gladiator's helmet. Overall, the artefact is worn and corroded with small areas of the original glassy dark brown patina surviving.

WMID-B5BD42: RING
A complete cast copper alloy possible Roman harness ring (outside diameter: 29.2mm; inner diameter: 22mm; thickness: 3.7mm; weight: 6.36g). Of an uneven diameter and thickness, this ring is plain and undecorated as well as being in a slightly worn but fair condition with a dark green patina.

WMID-B55211: HARNESS PENDANT
A complete cast copper alloy probable horse harness fitting/ pendant, probably dating from the 14th-16th century AD (length: 44.8mm; width: 34.9mm; thickness: 7mm; weight: 15.19g). Of a general star shape, each arm has a three-pointed tip/ end. Two of the arms are the attachment points of the fitting. At one end, there is a surviving copper alloy dome-headed rivet still fixed to the arm, while the opposing end has a square-sided section, but all evidence of a possible rivet is hidden by corrosion. The centre of the fitting is slightly domed in shape with slight ridges running toward the centre in between each arm. There are remains of blue enamel in the form of a star in the very centre. Additionally, there are small remains of gilding, mainly surviving between the arms. The underside of the fitting is flat and undecorated. Overall, the artefact is worn and in a corroded condition with a dark brown patina, possibly due to the fitting being covered in a substance.

WMID-B50633: BUCKLE
An incomplete probable cast copper alloy harness buckle or strap distributor (length: 29.1mm; width: 17mm; thickness: 5.1mm; weight: 4.09g). An undecorated artefact of a elongated D-shape with a slight raised bar in the centre and a half-circle gap at one end. The buckle is slight worn but in a fair condition, with a dark brown patina due to the artefact probably being coated in a substance. A similar example is illustrated in Clark's 'The Medieval Horse and its Equipment: Medieval Finds from Excavations in London', 1995, page 59, ref no F75, and is probably dated from the 15th-17th century AD.

WMID-B4BFA8: BUCKLE
An incomplete cast copper alloy rectangular buckle, probably dating to the 17th/ 18th century AD (length: 23.7mm; width: 28.3mm; thickness: 3.7mm; weight: 5.86g). On each of the four corners, the buckle has got rounded and protruding lobes with circular indentations in them. On one side, the surface of the buckle is decorated with worn and corroded zig-zag lines. The strap bar is complete but the pin is missing, with a slight constriction in the centre of the middle bar as well as a slight groove in the centre of the outside edge, where the pin would have originally rested. The underside of the buckle is flat and undecorated. Overall, the artefact is worn but in a fair conditiion, with concentrated areas of corrosion where the pin would have been. There are similar examples illustrated in Ross Whitehead's 'Buckles 1250-1800', 1996.

WMID-A07C58: BUCKLE
An incomplete cast copper alloy harness strap fitting dating to the Modern period (c. AD 1910-1930). An A-shaped buckle with a bar across the bottom. The artefact is slight worn but in a fair condition, with a dark green patina. These types of strap fitting are often mistaken for Medieval harness fittings but are actually more modern in date. They were used to provide a permanent dee-loop on the side of a leather strap with the straight section sewn into the line of the leather strap creating a tee piece. Overall dimensions are as follows: length: 32.2mm; width: 43mm; thickness: 4mm; weight: 13.11g.

WMID-A02EB1: BUCKLE
An incomplete cast copper alloy oval buckle with a narrow, offset bar (length: 18mm; width: 20.8mm; thickness: 5.8mm; weight: 3.65g). A roller is still present in the centre of the outside edge with a groove which would have originally held the pin (now missing). The bar is very corroded and worn, but still complete. Overall, the buckle is badly worn and corroded with a dark brown patina, due to the artefact being probably coated in a substance. A similar example is illustrated in Egan & Pritchard's 'Dress Accessories: Medieval Finds from Excavations in London c.1150-c.1450', 1991, pages 68-70, ref no 270, which is dated between c. 1150-1200.

WMID-9FDA23: BUCKLE
A complete cast copper alloy oval framed buckle with ornate outside edge (length: 24.7mm; width: 29.2mm; thickness: 6.3mm; weight: 9.18g). With an offset and narrowed bar, the outside edge is unevenly grooved parallel where the pin would have originally rested in a constriction in the centre. There are two slightly pointed knobs either side of this grooved decoration. The complete copper alloy pin is bent back on itself and no longer rests on the outside edge. The buckle is slightly worn and in a good condition with a dark brown patina, due to the artefact being probably coated in a substance. Similar examples are illustrated in Egan & Pritchard's 'Dress Accessories: Medieval Finds from Excavations in London c. 1150-c. 1450', 1991, pages 72-4, ref no 293 & 301. Both are dated between AD c. 1230 - c. 1400.

WMID-9F4C72: THIMBLE
A complete cast copper alloy domed thimble (length: 16.9mm; diameter at base: 19.1mm; thickness: 1.1mm; weight: 5.13g). Stamped or hammered into shape with thick walls, this thimble has irregular and uneven concentric and circular indentations around the outside, spiralling down from the top to just above the rimmed base. This artefact was probably used for heavy duty work, and dates from the 14th/ 15th century AD. It is in a worn but fair condition with a dark brown patina and small areas of bronze disease at the base.

WMID-9E06B5: COIN
A copper-alloy Roman sestertius of Postumus dating to the period AD 260-269 (Reece period 13) 'LAETITIA AVG', Galley with five oarsmen reverse, Lyon mint.

WMID-9DA985: COIN
A complete struck/ hammered silver short cross penny of John (probably), minted by Everard In York between c. AD 1194-1204/5 (diameter: 18mm; thickness: 0.8mm; weight: 1.28g) and classified as a Class 4a. The coin is worn but in a fair condition.

Astruck/ hammered silver cut half short cross of John or Henry III, dating between AD 1199-1247 (diameter: 18.1mm; thickness: 0.7mm; weight: 0.64g). The coin is worn and in a fair condition making it difficult to identify any further detail.

WMID-370C58: BUCKLE
A complete cast copper alloy open zoomorphic penannular buckle/ brooch with horse head terminals (77mm x 78.1mm; thickness: 5.8mm; weight: 47.40g). Of a roughly 'U' shape, this artefact has a central bar (length: 56.9mm) passing across the centre with a slight constriction in the middle for a possible pin (now missing)? The horse head termianls are very realistic with mane, eyes, mouth and nostrils clearly defined. A strange artefact has no parallels or similar examples as yet, but it would probably date to the 17th/ 18th century AD and is slight worn but in a fair condition with a dark green patina.

A struck/ hammered silver Commonwealth halfgroat, minted between AD 1649-1660 (diameter: 16mm; thickness: 0.3mm; weight: 0.80g). The coin is worn but in a fair condition.

WMID-3521A1: TOKEN
A very worn and corroded Coventry half penny token, dating to AD 1669 (diameter: 21mm; thickness: 1.2mm; weight: 3.39g). On one side of the token, there is the outline of a square shield.

WMID-34D9F6: MOUNT
An incomplete cast copper alloy rivet which would have originally had separate rivets (length: 36.4mm; width: 16.3mm; thickness: 1.8mm; weight: 3.62g). At one end of this mount, there is an arrow-like terminal, compared to the rounded opposing end. In the centre, there are protruding side flanges. On the front of the mount, there are curved incised lines forming a leaf-like detail. Additionally, there are two empty rivet holes towards either end of the mount. This artefact is worn but in a fair condition with a dark green patina. Similar examples dating to the 16th century are illustrated in Brian Read's 'Metal Artefacts of Antiquity', 2001.

A struck/ hammered silver penny of Edward III, minted in London as part of the Treaty Series between AD 1362-69 (diameter: 17.1mm; thickness: 0.4mm; weight: 0.99g). The coin is slightly worn and in a fair condition with slightly clipped edges. Ref: North, J, J, ‘English Hammered Coinage: Volume 2: Edward I to Charles II 1272-1662’, 1991, page 57, ref no 1264.

WMID-33EB72: COIN
A copper-alloy Roman nummus of the House of Constantine dating to the period AD 330 - 335 (Reece period 17), 'VRBS ROMA' issue, She-wolf with suckling twins reverse, uncertain mint.

A complete struck/ hammered silver three pence of Elizabeth I, minted as part of the second issue of coinage in AD 1576 (diameter: 20.5mm; thickness: 0.8mm; weight: 1.33g). The coin is slightly worn but in a good condition with small breaks around the edges.

A copper-alloy Roman nummus of Constantine I dating to the period AD 307-318 (Reece period 15), 'SOLI INVICTO COMITI' Sol standing left reverse, London mint.

WMID-331EB8: STRAP FITTING
A complete copper alloy strap slide, of probable Late Iron Age to Roman dating (50 BC to 200 AD). The strap slide is rectangular in shape and with an oval cross section. The strap slide has a rectangular loop, with oval ends. The upper section is concave, as it widens at both tips before narrowing to the centre. The lower section is straight. Traces of slight tinning are present on the strap slide. It measures 11.9 mm in length, 17.9 mm wide and 7.8 mm thick. It weighs 5.92g. The strap slide is a dark green colour with an even surface patina. Two almost identical strap slides have been recovered from the same site, WAW-E68652 and WMID-2CBCE8. Several other similar style strap slides have been recorded on the PASdatabase and are considered to be Late Iron Age to Roman in dating. These include: NLM-126172; LIN-F534F5, HESH-4DC0F4, NMS-2FF527 and NMS-496A60.

WMID-31CFC2: SWORD
A badly corroded but complete cast copper alloy sword pommel, dating to the 9th/ 10th century (length: 25.8mm; width: 55.3mm; thickness: 19.2mm; weight: 55.29g). Of a roughly triangular-shaped design, the pommel is convex on the underside, and is decorated with five stepped and rounded lobes, each increasing in size with the largest in the centre. The pommel has a hollow interior with an off-set rectangular hole at the top for the sword's tang to go through. The pommel is worn, corroded and in a poor condition with a patchy dark green/ brown patina. This style of sword pommel/ hilt is illustrated in Kim Siddorn's 'Viking Weapons & Warfare', 2000, page 73, figure 37, ref no 10. Additionally, there are two similar examples illustrated in John Blair's 'Anglo Saxon Oxfordshire', 1994, page 98, fig 59. One of them was found in the Thames at Ten Foot Bridge, Chimney, Oxfordshire and the other found in the Thames at Wallingford Bridge. Both examples are also dated to the 9th/ 10th century AD.

WMID-B851A8: SPEARHEAD
An incomplete fragment of a cast copper alloy Late Bronze Age socketed spearhead (length: 60.3mm; width: 25mm; thickness: 9mm; weight: 21.71g). The artefact seems to have broken off have way down the blade, and a side section illustrates the blade wings to be slightly unlevel either side and the hollow socket visible. The mid rib continues down to the tip of the blade. The spearhead is worn and in a poor condition with greater corrosion along the cutting edge, with some bronze disase in areas. A similar example is illustrated in Watson's 'Catalogue of British and European Prehistoric Metalwork in Birmingham City Museums', 1993, page 25, ref no 324, which is described as a 'pegged socketed spearhead with long slender leaf shaped blade; central rib down both faces formed by continuation of socket. Blow holes in rib and near top of socket'. The find was found at Lake Neuchatel.

A struck/ hammered silver penny of Charles I, minted at the Tower between AD 1625-1642 (diameter: 13.3mm; thickness: 0.4mm; weight: 0.49g). The coin is slightly worn and in a fair condition.

WMID-8D5CF5: COIN
A complete struck/ hammered silver Scottish twenty pence of Charles I, minted as part of the third coinage between AD 1637-1642 (diameter: 15.7mm; thickness: 0.6mm; weight: 0.69g). The coin is slightly worn but in a fair condition.

WMID-788E67: BROOCH
An incomplete cast copper alloy brooch of Colchester derivative Polden Hill (Mackreth Group 5, Western Group, flat wing ends), Mackreth 2011, 5. a2. Plate 49. Length: 30mm; width at wings: 24mm; thickness: 13mm; weight: 8.97g), dating to the 1st/ 2nd century AD. The brooch has a lug type connection with an external chord running above the rest of the spring. The semi-cylindrical head also has a lug connection at each end to hold the copper axis bar which is still visible at each end. The spring is complete but the pin is missing. Down the front of the brooch, the lug holding the external chord runs down part of the bow as a ridge. There are also slight appendages to either side of the head. The bow is broken half way down. Overall, the brooch is worn and corroded with a light green powdery patina, where bronze disease has taken effect.

WMID-73B144: BROOCH
An incomplete cast copper alloy Roman brooch of Colchester derivative Polden Hill (Mackreth Group 4, flat wing ends type), Mackreth 2011, 4.b. Plate 46. Length: 57.7mm; width at wings: 29.1mm; thickness: 14.2mm; weight: 20.04g). The semi-cylindrical wings have vertical grooves and are capped with incomplete lugs at each end as well as possible evidence of appendages either side of the head. At the very top of the brooch, most of the backward hook that would have held the chord (now missing) is visible. The slightly curved an bent bow has a small protruding nodule half way down. At the back of the brooch, none of the chord, spring, axis bar or pin survive, and there is only a hollow cavity where they would have been, with a small protruding platform just below. The incomplete catch plate is still of triangular shape. Overall, the brooch is worn but in a fair condition with small areas of bronze disease near the foot and a dark brown patina. A similar example is illustrated in Hattatt's 'Ancient & Romano-British Brooches', 1982, page 69, Fig 23a, Ref no 24, which was found at Stainfield, South Lincolnshire and is dated by Hattatt from AD 49-60.

WMID-36BE60: BROOCH
A complete cast copper alloy annular brooch (diameter: 28.7mm; thickness: 5.8mm; weight: 4.65g) with copper alloy pin still attached, which is looped a narrow but deep constriction along the frame. The pin is slightly bent to one side and tapers to at a rounded point at the other end, where is no obvious indentation to support the end around the frame. The frame is simply decorated a series of slight constrictions at certain segments around the circumference. The underside of the brooch is slightly rounded with no decoration. Overall, the brooch is worn but in a fair condition with a dark green patina. There is more extensive corrosion around the frame near the pin on the upper decorated face. Similar examples are illustrated in Egan & Pritchard’s ‘Dress Accessories: Medieval Finds from Excavations in London’, 1991, pages 248-252, particularly ref no 1311, which dates between c.1270 – c.1350. The distinction between plain annular brooches and plain circular-frame buckles is not immediately clear. Plain annular and other open frames in which the pins are attached to a constriction at one point can be classified as brooches, while those with the pin free to move around the entire circumference of the frame are described as buckles (Egan & Pritchard, 1991, page 248).

An incomplete and worn Roman silver radiate, possibly of Trajan Decius (AD 249-251), dating to the period c.AD 249-251 (Reece period 12). Unclear reverse type, probably mint of Rome. Diameter: 17.3mm; thickness: 1.3mm; weight: 2.36g. The coin is worn but in a fair condition.

WMID-35F243: LITHIC IMPLEMENT
A probable piece of flint debris, dating to the Neolithic period between c. 4000-2200 BC (30.1mm x 41.8mm; thickness: 10.9mm; weight: unknown). The dorsal side is mostly covered by the outer cortex, with one main arise. The dorsal side, however, shows the bulb of percussion very clearly with a slight eraillure scar below. There are distinctive ripples or ‘lunettes’ radiating from the bulb. There does not seem to be any areas of particular re-touch.

A struck/ hammered silver republican coin of C. Piso. L. F. Frugi, minted in Rome in 67 BC (diameter: 17.8mm; thickness: 2mm; weight: 3.17g). The coin is worn but in a fair condition. Reference: Crawford, 'Roman Republican Coinage', 1974, pages 419-436, Plate L, ref no 408/1b.

A struck/ hammered silver quarter stater (9.8mm x 7.7mm; thickness: 0.9mm; weight: 0.28g) of the Corieltauvi (uninscribed coinage), probably Hostidius Type minted between 55-45 BC (Classification: Corieltauvian B). The coin is worn but in a fair condition. Reference: R D Van Arsdell, 'Celtic Coinage of Britain', 1989, page 239 & plate 25, ref no 857-5.

WMID-239C50: SEAL MATRIX
A complete cast copper alloy oval seal matrix (length: 23.7mm; width or diameter of seal: 18.7mm; weight: 7.81g) with a hexagonal handle ending in a pierced loop at the top. There is no inscription, but there is a lion passant facing right in the centre surrounded by a diamond interlinked with a square, forming the shape of a star. The seal is slightly worn but in a fair condition, with a dark green patina. Seal matrices are objects of metal or bone carved in intaglio in order to stamp an impression on wax in order to authenticate documents (Cherry, 1991, pages 29-39).

WMID-232E42: SEAL MATRIX
29.A complete cast copper alloy oval seal with a hexagonal handle and pierced loop at the top (length: 29.3mm; width/ diameter of seal: 22.7mm; weight: 13.15g). There is an image in the centre of the seal, but it is unidentifiable. The inscription around the outer edge reads '*S'IOHANNIS DE BLABI[ ]:', meaning John of Blaby. The seal is slightly worn but in a fair condition with a dark green patina. Seal matrices are objects of metal or bone carved in intaglio in order to stamp an impression on wax in order to authenticate documents. Seals with the names of individual people were clearly engraved specifially to order (Cherry, 1991, pages 29-39).

WMID-227327: SEAL MATRIX
A complete cast copper alloy Vesica-shaped seal (length: 50.1mm; width: 26.9mm; thickness: 3mm; weight: 15.56g), with a circular attachemtn loop at one end, probably for attaching to a belt or round the neck. The Lamb of God is indented in the centre of the seal, with a banner behind. The inscription reads 'ECCE AGN DI QI [ ]PCA MVNDI' (the whole inscription should read 'Ecce agnus dei qui tollit peccata mundi' meaning 'Behold the Lamb of God who bears away the sins of the world'). The seal is lightly worn but in a good condition with a dark gren patina. Seals with the Agnus Dei (Lamb of God) and this inscription were quite common in the fourteenth century. The 1330s were probably the most popular time for this seal. Seal matrices are objects of metal or bone carved in taglio in order to stamp an impression on wax in order to authenticate douments (Cherry, 1991, pages 29, 32 & 36, ref no 13).

WMID-FA38C0: COIN
A copper-alloy Roman nummus of Constantine I dating to the period AD 321-322 (Reece period 16), 'BEATA TRANQVILLITAS' Altar with globe above reverse, London mint.

WMID-F875E3: COIN
A copper-alloy Roman nummus of the House of Constantine dating to the period AD 330 - 335 (Reece period 17), 'VRBS ROMA' issue, She wolf and suckling twins reverse, uncertain mint.

WMID-A66243: COIN
A complete struck/ hammered probable sestertius of Marcus Aurelius, minted between AD 139-180 (diameter: 29.6mm; thickness: 3.9mm; weight: 22.85g). The coin is worn and in a poor condition.

WMID-A5EE95: COIN
A slightly incomplete struck/ hammered silver denarius of Faustina I, minted in Rome after her death in AD 141, with her being referred to a goddess or 'Diva' (diameter: 18.2mm; thickness: 2.1mm; weight: 3.01g). The coin is slightly worn but in a fair condition.

WMID-A317C1: BROOCH
An incomplete, badly worn and corroded cast copper alloy Headstud brooch, with enamelled decoration (length: 39.2mm; width at wings: 19.8mm; thickness: approximately 16mm; weight: 11.58g). The short wings are corroded at the ends, but there does not seem to be any evidence that they were decorated. At the top of the brooch between the wings, there is another corroded stump which may indicate a loop, characteristic of many Headstud brooch types. At the top of the brooch, there is a corroded diamond-shaped stud, which does not seem to be decorated. From below the stud down to the foot of the brooch, there is a lozenge and triangle pattern with red enamel surviving in the outer triangular cells, and white enamel in the central lozenges. There is no evidence that the foot was moulded and remains as a stump with a small area of possible red enamel? The cased hinge mechanism is still present at the back of the brooch with a tiny fragment of the copper alloy pin remaining. The axis bar seems to be made of copper alloy, but there is some iron corrosion in a gap from where the pin extends. The back of the brooch is undecorated and a small part of the catch plate remains. Overall, the brooch is badly worn and corroded and is in a bad condition, with a dark green patina. A similar example is illustrated in Hattatt's 'Ancient and Romano-British Brooches', 1982, page 78, ref nos 36 & 37, found in Owmby, Lincolnshire and Ipswich, Suffolk respectively. They have both been dated to the 2nd century AD. Additionally, other examples are illustrated in Hattatt's 'Iron Age & Roman Brooches', 1985, pages 102-3, particularly ref no 421, which was found in Northamptonshire.

WMID-A29630: BROOCH
A incomplete cast copper alloy fragment of a bow brooch, either of a Dolphin or Polden Hill type (length: 23.5mm; width: 8.7mm; thickness: 9.8mm; weight: 4.11g). Only the head and top of the bow remain; the wings are also missing. At the back of the head, none of the spring mechanism remains and there is only a slightly indented cusp where it would have originally been. Overall, the brooch fragment is in a worn, corroded and poor condition, particularly at the back of the artefact where there is a small amount of bronze disease. Any possible original decoration has been worn and there is very little of the original patina left – where there is, it is dark green.

WMID-90F6E6: TOKEN
An incomplete and broken cast lead token, with unclear decoration on one face (no decoration on the other face), probably dating to the 17th/ 18th century (diameter: 18.9mm; thickness: 2.3mm; weight: 3.32g). The token is in a worn and poor condition.

WMID-909F94: TOKEN
A cast lead token bearing a pictorial-geometric design, with evidence of a line across the diameter on the reverse (diameter: 21.9mm; thickness: 2.1mm; weight: 5.51g). This token possibly dates to the Early Tudor period (late 15th-16th century AD), and is similar to examples illustrated in Mitchiner & Skinner's 'English Tokens c. 1425-1672' within The British Numismatic Journal Volume 54, 1984, page 151 & plate 10, ref no 98-9. This token is worn but in a fair condition.

WMID-905A14: DRESS FASTENER (DRESS)
A Post-Medieval cast copper alloy toggle (length: 25.3mm; width of ovoid tip/ terminal: 18.4mm; thickness of ovoid tip/ terminal: 6.9mm; weight: 5.20g). The double-loops (inner loop diameter: 3.7mm) seem to have been attached and soldered on to either side of the stem (length: 15.1mm; width: 4mm). The stem was also attached to the ovoid or 'rugby-shaped' tip/ terminal. The pestle is in a worn and poor condition with a dark purple/ brown patchy patina. At present, there is no reliable typological sequence for the development of this category of artefact. Only a few pestles of this type have been found, one of which is from Walsoken, Cambridgeshire. The usual plain appearance of the pestle has in the past made identification difficult.

WMID-8FF274: TOKEN
A cast lead token bearing a similar design to an impersonal stock design of a cross in a circle with a pellet in each quarter (diameter: 21.1mm; thickness: 2.7mm; weight: 6.06g). The reverse has evidence of a rim, as well as deliberate marking in the form of scratches. There is no original decoration on the reverse, suggesting a possible dating to the 18th century AD, as these designs persisted. However, these later derivatives bear a design on the face only, which is evident on this artefact. The token is worn but in a fair condition. A similar 17th century design is illustrated in Mitchiner & Skinner's 'English Tokens c. 1425 to 1672' within The British Numismatic Journal Volume 54, 1984, page 163 & plate 22, ref no 44.

WMID-8FBDE4: TOKEN
(1) A cast lead token bearing an impersonal stock design of a six-foil, probably dating to the 18th century AD (diameter: 22.1mm; thickness: 1.9mm; weight: 6.21g). The reverse has evidence of a rim but is devoid of decoration, which suggests it may be eighteenth century as the designs persisted, and the later derivatives bore a design on the face only. The token is in a worn but fair condition. A similar 17th century design is illustrated in Mitchiner & Skinner's 'English Tokens, c. 1425 to 1672' within The British Numismatic Journal Volume 54, 1984, page 163 & plate 22, ref no 47.

WMID-8F5C15: JETTON
An incomplete struck/ hammered brass jetton of Hans Krauwinckell II, dating between AD 1586 (when he became a master) -1635, when he died (diameter: 21.4mm; thickness: 0.3mm; weight: 0.61g). The jetton bears the name ‘Hanns’ to define Hans Krauwinckel II from his uncle Hans I, who also issued jettons. It is an example of a rose and orb edition and has regular die axes, always aligned at 12 o’clock. The jetton is slightly worn but in a fair condition and is broken around the edges. Reference: Mitchiner, M, 1988, ‘Jetons, Medalets & Tokens: The Medieval Period & Nuremburg Vol I’, page 441.

WMID-66CF12: COIN
A struck/ hammered silver denarius of Octavian, minted in Gaul in 42 BC (diameter: 17.4mm; thickness: 1.9mm; weight: 3.26g). The coin is worn but in a fair condition. Reference: Michael H Crawford, 'Roman Republican Coinage I & II', 1974, pages 512-3 & plate LX, ref no 497/2a.

WMID-667D60: BELL
A complete cast copper alloy crotal bell, with ball still inside, probably dating from the 16th - 18th century AD (length: 46.3mm; width/ diameter: 34.9mm; weight: 50.35g). The irregular handle slightly slopes on top of the main body of the bell with an arched hole. On the spherical body, there are two holes to either side of the base of the handle, one larger than the other (maximum diameter: 8mm). There is a raised border around the centre of the sphere, below which a faint sunburst decorative design appears either side of a slit with two holes at either end. The sunburst design is typical on the majority of crotal bells. Overall, the bell is slightly worn and in a fair condition, with a dark green patina.

WMID-662E14: BROOCH
An incomplete cast copper alloy probable flat oval (disc) brooch, that may have held an intaglio in the centre, now missing (length: 26.8mm; width: 22.1mm; thickness: 10.2mm; weight: 8.06g). The front of the brooch has an outer enamelled border, with some alternated red and blue enamel still surviving in areas without dividers. The sunken centre of the brooch (12.7mm x 8.8mm) where the intaglio may have once been is separated from the outer enamelled border by a slightly protruding ridge (width: 2.2mm), which also outlines the brooch on the outside edge. On the back of the brooch, the central chord and part of the iron axis bar as all that remains of the sprung pin. Although worn, the catch plate is complete, particularly where it curls over to enable it to hold the now missing pin. Overall, the brooch is in a worn and poor condition with very little of the original enamel surviving. The artefact has a light green patina. Two very similar examples are illustrated in Hattatt’s ‘Iron Age & Roman Brooches’, 1985, page 180 & 183, ref nos 636 (found at Colchester) and 637 (found at Thetford, Norfolk). Hattatt dates these brooches to the 2nd/ 3rd century AD, with their distribution scattered from Hadrian’s Wall to Nor’nour, with a predominance in the south (page 180).

WMID-65FC68: COIN
A struck/ hammered silver farthing, minted by Edward I in Bristol between AD 1272-1307 (diameter: 12.9mm; thickness: 0.7mm; weight: 0.40g). This coin can be classified as a Class 2 or 3c (see North), but it is difficult to tell them apart. Overall, the coin is in a slightly worn but fair condition. Reference: North, J, J, ‘English Hammered Coinage: Volume 2: Edward I to Charles II 1272-1662’, 1991, page 33, ref nos 1052 or 1053/1.

WMID-653EA7: COIN
A struck/ hammered silver Commonwealth penny, minted between AD 1649-1660 (diameter: 15.3mm; thickness: 0.4mm; weight: 0.45g). The coin is very thin, badly broken and slightly worn but in a fair condition with most of the detail still visible. Reference: North, J, J, ‘English Hammered Coinage: Volume 2: Edward I to Charles II 1272-1662’, 1991, page 206, ref no 2729.

A struck/ hammered silver halfgroat of Elizabeth I, minted in London as part of the 3rd issue of coinage between AD 1583-1603 (diameter: 16.4mm; thickness: 0.6mm; weight: 0.77g). The coin is slightly worn but in a fair condition, and has been clipped and slightly broken around the edges. Reference: North, J, J, ‘English Hammered Coinage: Volume 2: Edward I to Charles II 1272-1662’, 1991, page 137, ref no 2016.

WMID-630472: STIRRUP
A worn but complete cast copper alloy stirrup strap mount (length: 41.1mm; width: 28.1mm; thickness: 4.4mm; weight: 12.04g), of the Class A Type 1, as classified by David Williams in 'Late Saxon Stirrup-Strap Mounts: A Classification and Catalogue', 1997. The mount is of a sub-triangular shape with various worn and protruding points along the edge and to opposing sides. These occur just below the apex loop, nearly half way down the artefact, and just above the base. There is one rivet hole at the apex loop (which ends in a rounded point) as well as two rivet holes at the base. The rivets do not survive. There is a worn and lightly engraved design on the front of the mount, and is mostly similar to ref no 67 illustrated in William's publication (page 9), which consists of a mixture of union knots, pendant lobes and other motifs. On the reverse of the mount, only a small worn area of the protruding flange survives, and is most similar to Type A or D (page 25). The reverse is flat with no decoration. Overall, the artefact is in a worn but fair condition with a reddish-brown patina. Amongst other examples of Class A Type 1 mounts illustrated in William's publication, this artefact is most similar to Ref nos 19 and 27. Williams suggests that the date of these type of mounts is mostly the 11th century, due to influences drawn from the Late Viking Ringerike & Urnes art styles of the period (page 8). The distribution of the Class A Type 1 mounts is wide, but most finer examples come from southern England, notably from Sussex, Berkshire, Hampshire and Northamptonshire. Stirrup strap mounts are placed at the junction of the stirrup and stirrup leathers.

A complete fabricated and silver plated cliched forgery of a Roman republican coin (diameter: 17.7mm; thickness: 1.3mm; weight: 1.82g). Probably taken from original contemporary Republican coins, the reverse represents a coin minted in Rome in 103 BC by Q. Therm M. F (RRC 319/1), while the obverse represents a coin minted in Spain in 46-45 BC by CN.Magnvs Imp, M. Poblici. Leg. Propr (RRC 469 1a). This contemporary cliched forgery was probably constructed after taking impressions of these coins on silver sheet or foil. The two halves were then put together/ the edges folded over each other and the hollow cavity in the centre was probably filled with a lead alloy that would have had a low melting point. There are two visible holes in the face and edge of the coin showing that the coin is plated with a separate fill, as well as a visible irregular folding line running around the edge. The coin is slightly worn (but this could have been caused from the original copy being worn when the impressions were made), but in a fair condition.

WMID-10FF47: FINGER RING
A complete cast copper alloy plain regular ring, with a D-shaped cross-section, dating to the 1st/ 2nd century AD (diameter: 25mm; thickness: 4mm; weight: unknown as artefact secured in box). The ring is worn but in a fair condition, with a light green patina. A similar example is illustrated in Jackson’s ‘Camerton: The Late Iron Age & Early Roman Metalwork’, 1990, page 49 & plate 14, ref no 153. Jackson has suggested that this artefact could possibly be a finger-ring. This artefact is illustrated as (x) in this picture.

WMID-10F266: HARNESS FITTING
A complete cast copper alloy probable harness ring with a moulded and octagonal external surface and cross-section, dating to the 1st/ 2nd century AD (diameter: 29.2mm; thickness: 5.5mm; weight: unknown as artefact secured in box). The ring is worn but in a fair condition, with a dark green/ brown patina. A similar example is illustrated in Jackson’s ‘Camerton: The Late Iron Age & Early Roman Metalwork’, 1990, page 49 & plate 14, ref no 155. Jackson has also suggested that this artefact is a possible harness ring. This artefact is illustrated as (vi) in this picture.

WMID-10E507: MOUNT
A complete cast copper alloy decorative mount, probably dating to the 1st/ 2nd century AD (length: 47.6mm; width: 13mm; thickness: approximately 5mm; weight: unknown as artefact secured in box). The mount has a hemispherical section with ridge-and-groove decoration across a convex face. At one end, it has a flattened spherical terminal before narrowing to a neck/ collar, then expanding outwards to form a small lobed platform, becomes slightly narrow again, expands into a large lobed platform, becomes narrow again and then expands into a small a lobed platform once more before one ridge and tapering to the end. It is impossible to see the back of the artefact as it is secured in a box, but there is evidence of two probable iron rivets, at the start of the larger lobed platform and at the tapered end. It is also difficult to indicate what this mount could have been fixed on to. The artefact is worn but in a fair condition, with a dark green patina. A similar example is illustrated in Allason-Jones & Miket’s ‘The Catalogue of Small Finds from South Shields Roman Fort, 1984, pages 233-4, ref no 837. This artefact is illustrated as (v) in this picture.

WMID-10D095: STYLUS
An incomplete cast copper alloy stylus, probably dating to the 1st/ 2nd century AD (length: 69.8mm; width/ thickness at broken end of shaft: 1.9mm; width at splayed/ flattened end: 11mm; weight: unknown as artefact secured in box). The stylus has a widely-splayed eraser end, with the opposite end broken down the circular cross-sectioned shaft. The artefact is decorated with a slightly raised ridge marking the point where the shaft begins to splay. The stylus is worn but in a fair condition, with a dark green patina. A similar artefact is illustrated in Allason-Jones & Miket’s ‘The Catalogue of Small Finds from South Shields Roman Fort’, 1984, pages 166-7, ref no 3.430, which also has a widely splayed eraser, as well as being decorated at the point where the eraser meets the shaft. This artefact is illustrated as (iii) in the picture.

WMID-10C015: FINGER RING
A complete cast copper alloy plain regular ring with a D-shaped cross section, dating to the 1st/ 2nd century AD (diameter: 22.8mm; thickness: 3mm; weight: unknown as artefact secured in box). The ring is worn but in a fair condition, with a dark green/ brown patina. A similar example is illustrated in Jackson’s ‘Camerton: The Late Iron Age & Early Roman Metalwork’, 1990, page 49 & plate 14, ref no 153. Jackson has described the artefact as a possible finger-ring. This artefact is illustrated as (ii) in the picture.

WMID-0F6607: TOILET ARTICLE
An incomplete cast copper alloy toiletry implement, dating to the 1st/ 2nd century AD (length: 48.8mm; width: 3.5mm; weight: unknown as artefact secured in box). The artefact is bent/ distorted and curls back on itself, and has a slightly irregular width with a circular cross-section, that flattens to a spatula-like shape at on end to represent a probe? The implement is slightly worn and in a fair condition with a dark green patina. A similar example is illustrated in Allason-Jones & Miket’s ‘The Catalogue of Small Finds from South Shields Roman Fort’, 1984, pages 170-1, ref no 3.455. This artefact is illustrated as (i) in the picture.

WMID-E8E056: COIN
A struck/ hammered silver denarius of Vitellius, minted in Tarraco(?), Spain between c. January - June AD 69: VICTORIA AVGVSTI, RIC I, no. 14. diameter: 17.8mm; width: 2mm; weight: 3.42g). The coin is slightly worn and in a fine condition with most of the detail visible.

WMID-E88DC6: FINGER RING
A gold finger ring, a hoop of square-sectioned wire which tapers towards a union formed by ends crossed over and twisted around the opposite end, forming a knot (diameter: 25mm, thickness: 2.8mm; weight: 2.31g). The hoop is somewhat distorted, and the thickness of the ring varies. Overall, the ring is slightly worn and in a good condition. A similar example from Colchester is illustrated in Crummy (1983, 47-8, ref no 1756), but this is copper-alloy and has a circular cross-section with large knot. The wire form of the ring is also close to the style of bracelets. A very similar example (of a bracelet) found in York is in the British Museum's collection, 1941,0506.1. This however is circular in cross-section, and is described in Brailsford (1922, 14; fig 7, ref no 10), as 'gold, hollow, wiry ends twisted round each other, third century'. Better parallels can perhaps be found among early-medieval finger-rings, e.g. CAM-A32F23.

WMID-CDA526: COIN
A struck/ hammered silver denarius of Augustus, minted in Lugdunum (Lyon) between 11-10 BC (diameter: 16.9mm; thickness: 1.6mm; weight: 3.06g). The coin is slightly worn but in a fair condition with much of the detail surviving.

WMID-BD7955: COIN
A struck/ hammered silver penny of Edgar (diameter: 19.9mm; thickness: 0.7mm; weight: 1.64g). Of the reform small cross type, this coin was minted by Wulfric in York between AD 973-5, and was struck from the York A style dies. This style was used at York starting a few years before the reform and is of inferior workmanship with a tall and narrow bust. The drapery consists of closely drawn lines and the letter 'A' is barred. The obverse legend usually starts between 9 and 11 o'clock with the king's name spelt EADGAR (Jonsson, 1987, page 93). A small circle is indented on the reverse, but this was not part of the original minting, and is a more recent mark. The coin is slightly worn but in a good condition. Reference: Jonsson, K, 'The New Era: The Reformation of the Late Anglo-Saxon Coinage', 1987, page 82 & 93. EMC 2005.0014

A cast copper alloy probable spur buckle with loop/ hooked terminal (length: 63.7mm; width: 32.9mm; thickness: 13mm; weight: 24.66g). The buckle’s pin is now missing , which would have been attached to the axis bar in the centre, but the rectangular plate with hooked terminal is present, although slightly crooked. There also seems to be some evidence on the underside of the buckle of gilding. The buckle is very worn and corroded with small areas of bronze disease at the axis bar and loop. Similar examples are illustrated in Ross Whitehead’s ‘Buckles 1250-1800’, page 72, ref nos 453-4, which are described as cast copper alloy double loop oval spur buckles, dating from c. 1400-1680.

A complete cast copper alloy decorated spectacle buckle (length: 42.2mm; width: 32.8mm; thickness: 5.2mm; weight: 13.19g), with a complete copper alloy pin, which is slightly pinched at the end. There is a slight groove on the buckle frame to hold the copper alloy pin. The buckle is only decorated on the upper face with a twisted, slanted indented design. The buckle is flat and undecorated on the underside. Overall, the buckle is slightly worn and in a good condition with a dark green patina. The artefact dates to the 15th-17th century. Similar examples are illustrated in Ross Whitehead’s ‘Buckles 1250-1800 publication, 1996, pages 50-73.

A struck/ hammered silver penny of 14th/ 15th century date, minted in York (diameter: 15.8mm, thickness: 0.4mm; weight: 0.77g). The coin is badly clipped and broken and is particularly worn on the obverse making it difficult to identify further detail.

WMID-52D942: BUCKLE
An incomplete, badly worn and corroded cast copper alloy rectangular buckle (broken in three pieces) with plate (length: approximately 37mm; width: 27.1mm; thickness of plate: 7.7mm; weight: 8.89g). The plate, which has been folded back on itself, has four rivet holes with none of the rivets intact. The copper pin is also attached (but broken in two), and loops through a larger fifth hole at the front of the plate. Much of the buckle frame has disappeared, but the roller still present held between knobbed ends at either side. This buckle and plate dates to the 13th/ 14th century, with similar examples illustrated in Egan & Pritchard’s ‘Dress Accessories: Medieval Finds from Excavations in London’, 1991.

WMID-E94CA1: BROOCH
An incomplete cast copper alloy brooch of Colchester derivative Polden Hill (Mackreth Group 3c, flat wing ends, Middle Severn Valley),Colchester derivative Polden Hill (Mackreth Group 3c, flat wing ends, Middle Severn Valley). Length: 57.3mm; width at wings: 21.2mm; thickness: 13mm; weight: 8.67g). The slightly crooked short wings have small appendages to either side of the bow with a ridge and small incised decoration at either end near the remains of the caps or backward plate extensions. There is a perforated lug (with a small groove just below) at the top of the bow, which would have originally held the chord, now missing. The spring at the back of the wings has completely disappeared and there is a hollow case remaining. The caps at each end have a perforated hole, which would have held the axis bar, probably made of iron as there is a small amount of iron corrosion in the cavity. The centre of the bow is moulded with a wide V-groove and ribs each side. There are some remains of silver plate near the top of the bow. The bow tapers almost to a point, and is slightly bent at the end. The integral catch plate at the back of the bow is complete with a triangularly perforated hole. The pin is missing. A very similar example is illystrated in Hattatt's 'Iron Age & Roman Brooches', 1985, pages 83 & 85, Ref no 376, found at an unknown provenance. Hattatt also indicates that a similar example is in Yorkshire Museum.

WMID-AAA827: FINGER RING
A cast copper alloy signet or 'merchant's' ring (diameter of hoop: 24mm; length of bezel: 14.9mm; width/ thickness of bezel: 9.9mm; weight: 6.22g). There are unrecognisable designs indented in the bezel, including what appears to be two lines either side of a swirled design. The ring is in a bad and corroded condition, possibly due to cleaning and coating the artefact with a specific substance. Signet rings were used for impressing wax seals for attachment to documents and letters. These rings with merchants' marks on the bezel were used by merchants and traders particularly in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, with the owners of such marks being hard to identify.

WMID-A9E2E3: COIN
A copper-alloy Roman sestertius of Marcus Aurelius dating to the period AD 173-174 (Reece Period 8), Mars standing left reverse, Rome mint.

WMID-18E008: SPUR
An incomplete cast iron prick spur (length: 115mm; width: 97.3mm; thickness: 10.9mm; weight: 37.40g) with a point 8 and terminal Bii classification (see the London Museum Medieval Catalogue). The sides/ arms of the spur are deeply curved (a trend that was popular in the 13th century). Only one terminal remains with a double rivet hole at the end. The other terminal is broken. The sides/ arms become slightly wider near to the neck, with slight damage at two areas where a small area of the arms becomes more narrow. The neck on the spur is 13.3mm long, with a heavy single quadrangular lozenge-shaped goad at the end, which extends to a sharp point. Iron spurs were often plated with tin which protected them from rust and brightened their appearance, but this was usually in the form of a thin coating, so the tin rarely survives. A similar example was found at Upper Thames Street, London and is illustrated in the London Museum Medieval Catalogue, 1940, pages 95, 101 & 102, fig 31, ref no C1219, and has been dated to the late 13th century.

A copper-alloy Roman nummus of the House of Constantine dating to the period AD 330 - 335 (Reece period 17), 'VRBS ROMA' issue, She wolf and suckling twins reverse, uncertain mint.

WMID-16FAF6: COIN
A copper-alloy Roman nummus of the House of Constantine dating to the period AD 330 - 335 (Reece period 17), 'VRBS ROMA' issue, She wolf and suckling twins reverse, uncertain mint.

WMID-15BDC5: COIN
A slightly incomplete struck/ hammered silver republican denarius (diameter: 18.3mm; thickness: 1.8mm; weight: 2.77g), minted at an uncertain location in 46 BC. The coin is worn but in a fair condition with a small break along the edge. Reference: Crawford, M,H, 'Roman Republican Coinage Volumes I & II, 1974, page 478 & plate LV, Ref no 467/1a.

WMID-051CF2: COIN
A struck/ hammered silver sovereign penny, minted by bishop Fox (under Henry VII) between 1494-1501 in Durham (diameter: 14mm; thickness: 0.4mm; weight: 0.49g). The coin is slightly worn and incomplete around the egdes where it has been heavily clipped.

A struck/ hammered silver groat of Mary I, minted between 1553-4 (diameter: 23.7mm; thickness: 0.3mm; weight: 1.61g). The coin is slightly worn with part of the bust and inscription visible. The coin's reverse mintmark is the pomegranate.

Roman silver denarius of Augustus, with reverse showing his grandson's Gaius and Lucius. Struck at the mint of Lugdunum (Lyons) between 7 BC and AD 14. (diameter: 19.2mm; thickness: 1.3mm; weight: 3.66g). The obverse is worn but still has a clear inscription. There are scratches showing deliberate marking, but the reason for this is unknown.

A struck/ hammered silver penny of Edward I, dating between AD 1301-1310 and has been classified as a Class 10cf and was minted in Durham (diameter: 17.3mm; thickness: 0.6mm; weight: 1.22g). The coin is slightly worn with the inscriptions still visible.

WMID-EE7174: PIN
A complete cast copper alloy pin (length: 148mm; diameter of head: 11.8mm; diameter at end of shank: 3.9mm; weight: 23.72g). This example has close parallels with Cool's Group 6, as illustrated in her article 'Roman Metal Hair Pins from Southern Britain' in Archaeological Journal Volume 147, 1990, pages 157 & 158, fig 5, ref nos 3 & 8. These 'button and cordon head' types have button-shaped knob heads and two, or occasionally three or four, grooves cut into the top of the shank to produce one or more cordons. This example has approximately ten of these grooves, which become more worn and simply decorated the further down the shank they appear. The top cordon is decorated with small straight incised notches/ lines, while the cordon underneath has slanted incised lines around the circumference of the shank. The button head does not appear to be decorated. The shank tapers to a point at the end. Cool states that the diameter of the head is generally two or three times that of the top of the shank but smaller ones do occur. Group 6 dates to the second half of the first century and the early second, with similar examples found at Verulamium, Gadebridge Park, London and Enfield. The Group's distribution is mainly concentrated in eastern England and relatively few reach the west (page 157). The evidence for how these pins were worn comes from two sources - depictions in works of art and the positions of pins on skeletons in graves where deceased were buried wearing their paersonal ornaments.

WMID-DAD8A5: PALSTAVE
A complete but worn cast unlooped copper alloy palstave axe (length: 138mm; width [at blade]: 50.1mm; thickness: 22.7mm; weight: exceeds the limits of the scales). The septum (length: 50.1mm) is much shorter than the blade (83.4mm), with a stop dividing the two. The flange stops are very low, with a height of approximately 3-4mm. There is a midrib clearly down the centre of the blade's length on one side, with an indication of a worn midrib on the other side. The blade tip and cutting edge are no longer visible due to corrosion and wear. The flat side flanges extend from the butt to the blade edge, which seems to be a common appearance in what Rowlands classifies as a Class 2 type. Medial ribs on the blade face are also a more common feature of this type (M J Rowlands, 'The Organisation of Middle Bronze Age Metalworking: Part I: Discussion', 1976, page 30). The artefact is in a worn but fair condition. A similar example is illustrated in Rowland's publication (Plate 29, Ref no 650), and was found at Bardon Hill, Leicestershire. This artefact was identified and recorded by Philip J Wise at Warwickshire Museum on 25/07/1991, who noted that is was the first prehistoric find from the Dunchurch area. Additionally, he mentioned a similar palstave was recorded from Stechford, Birmingham, dating between 1400-1000 BC (the Middle Bronze Age).

WMID-980207: FLAT AXEHEAD
A cast bronze flat axe (length: 130.5mm; width: 63.2mm; thickness: 7.3mm; weight: 208.79g). This badly corroded and slightly broken axe has a splayed blade which is irregular and off-centre (without flanges). There is a possibly that the axe was not finished as the blade edge does not appear to have been sharpened, but it is difficult to tell as the surface of the axe is pitted and only fragments of the original surface/ patina survive. This axe dates to the Early Bronze Age, between c. 2000-1450 BC.

A copper alloy as or dupondius of Faustina I struck after her death in AD 141. (diameter: 23.9mm; thickness: 3.4mm; weight: 8.61g). AETERNITAS S C reverse type depicting Pietas standing left raising right hand, holding box of incense. Mint of Rome. As RIC III, no. 1162. This is a Coin of British Association, as Walker, 1988: pp. 295, 298.

A slightly incomplete and damaged silver struck/ hammered denarius of Vespasian, probably minted in Rome (or Tarraco) between AD 69-71 (diameter: 17mm; thickness: 2.1mm; weight: 2.59g). The reverse shows Judaea or a mourning Jew seated under a palm-tree and is one of the pictorial types used to commemorate the Jewish war. Reference: RIC II [Vespasian to Hadrian], 1926, pages 16 & 46, ref nos 15 & 266.

WMID-86C3B1: BROOCH
An incomplete cast copper alloy glass centre-boss brooch (length: 22.4mm; width: 17.3m; thickness: 14mm; weight: 5.35g). Of oval shape, it composed of a flat plate at the centre of which is an upstanding flange retaining a conical boss of dark blue/ black coloured glassy substance. The plate around the boss has a raised edge, with the flat area between the boss and the edge decorated with irregular rings and radical punched marks around the plate. The outside edge of the plate is also raised. There are areas of gilting particularly around the edges of the brooch. The remains of a spring mechanism is visible on the back of the brooch with the some of the iron axis bar still in place. There is only a small part of the catch plate remaining. Additionally, there is also evidence of silvering to either side of where the pin would have been on the back. The brooch is worn but in a fair condition with large amounts of original decoration still visible. Several similar examples are illustrated in Hattatt's publications. Firstly, in 'Ancient Romano-British Brooches', 1982, pages 166 & page 212 (fig 91, ref no 172), an example is found at Mildenhall, Suffolk. Another examples include those illustrated in Hattatt's 'Brooches of Antiquity', 1987, page 253-4 & 257, fig 79, ref nos 1210 found in Northants and 1212 found near Salisbury, Wiltshire. An example from Thetford, Norfolk is also shown in Hattatt's 'Iron Age & Roman Brooches', 1985, pages 181-3, ref no 641. Hattatt describes these brooches as native British, with the majority of them being oval shaped as opposed to circular. In 1987, Hattatt described the distribution of these oval types spreading across the Midlands eastwrds and southwards, including some examples from Hadrian's Wall (Hattatt, 'Brooches of Antiquity', page 253).

A silver struck/ hammered groat of Mary I, probably minted in London between 1553-4 (diameter: 23.4mm; thickness: 0.8mm; weight: 1.80g). The pomegranate mintmark appears on the reverse after the first word 'VERITAS'. The bust is visible on the obverse, but is very scratched. The coin is also bent. References: North (1991), page 126; Mitchell & Reeds (1995), page 166.

WMID-5CFE65: TOKEN
A cast lead token (diameter: 27.1mm; thickness: 3.2mm; weight: 10.01g). A four-armed cross in a crude circle, plain on the reverse. This token probably dates frok month the Elizabethan period (1558-1603). A similar token is illustrated in Mitchiner & Skinner's 'English Tokens, c. 1425 to 1672' in the British Numismatic Journal, Volume 54, 1984, pages 138, 155 & plate 14, ref no 77. This similar example is described as an Elizabethan token and has an early 'stock-design' with simple geometric pattern. This example is further described as being thicker and generally less well executed eighteenth century tokens bearing this design, which are very common. A series of provincial tokens from East Anglia suggests that the design is derived from the reverse type of Medieval and later sterling silver coins.

WMID-5C6A81: FURNITURE FITTING
A cast copper alloy acorn terminal or fitting (length: 37.2mm; diameter: 20.7mm; weight: 56.69g). The artefact has iron corrosion at the base and what appears to be a copper alloy rivet at the top. There are incised criss-cross lines marking across the shell of the acorn. This artefact possibly dates to the post-Medieval period.

WMID-5C5111: BUTTON
A cast copper alloy button with an incomplete and broken loop (length: 13.5mm; diameter of head: 9.9mm; weight: 3.18g). The artefact is very worn and corroded with some bronze disease in areas, and dates from the late Medieval - early post Medieval period.

WMID-5C2AB2: UNIDENTIFIED OBJECT
An unidentified cast copper alloy probable fitting, with remains of gilding (length: 47.1mm; width: 10.9mm; thickness: 4.4mm; weight: 8.04g). There are two rivet holes (both now empty and rivets missing). There is also an incomplete loop at one end. This artefact is in a worn but fair condition, and is probably of Medieval date.

WMID-5BED22: SCRAPER (TOOL)
A probable flint button scraper (21.9mm x 21mm; thickness: 7.4mm; weight: 4.00g). The bulb of percussion with scars is clearly visible on the ventral side with faint ripples or ‘lunettes’ radiatting outwards. On the dorsal side, there are small multiple arrises with extensive re-touch or pressure flaking down the right side and at the bottom at a sharp gradient, indicating that this artefact was probably a scraper.

WMID-5BD3A0: LITHIC IMPLEMENT
A probable piece of flint debris with no evidence of re-touch (28.1mm x 20.9mm; thickness: 7.1mm; weight: 4.55g). Lunettes are faintly visible on the ventral side with cortex still remaining on the left. There is one main arise down the centre of the dorsal, with ripples or ‘lunettes’ radiating down one side particularly. This artefact dates to the Neolithic period between 4000-2200 BC.

WMID-5BB8D5: LITHIC IMPLEMENT
Five probable flint scrapers (collective weight: 27.49g) with clear evidence of re-touch along particular edges at a sharp steep gradient. Some pieces have been struck a number of times on the dorsal side creating multiple arrises, with the bulb of percussion only clear visible on one example. A small area of the cortex or original surface of the flint is visible on all pieces.

WMID-5BA224: LITHIC IMPLEMENT
Five pieces of probable flint debris (collective weight: 19.35g) with clear evidence of being knapped (some with multiple arrises on the dorsal side), but not necessarily re-touched as most of the edges are already sharp enough to be possibly used as a tool. On one piece, the bulb of percussion is visible and most of the pieces illustrate knapped or pressure areas where ripples or ‘lunettes’ occur.

WMID-5B8591: LITHIC IMPLEMENT
The broken remains of a probable blade (15.8mm x 13.9mm; thickness: 3.1mm; weight: 0.77g). On the ventral side, there are faint traces of the ripples or ‘lunettes’ illustrating the pressure of impact, as well as other scars or scratch marks which run in the opposite direction. These marks may have been caused by recent damage while deposited in the ground. Addtitionally, there is a small area of re-touch along one end. On the dorsal side, however, the flint has been knapped more than once (with one main arrise) with small areas of re-touch along the surface edges. The re-touch is heavily concentrated in one area where the artefact slopes acutely down to form a sharp edge. This artefact dates to the Neolithic period between 4000-2200 BC.

WMID-5B5484: LITHIC IMPLEMENT
Two pieces of flint debris or waste (collective weight: 1.10g). The bulb of percussion (the primary knapping point) is visible on the ventral side with an eraillure scar slightly to an angle from this feature. There have been several hits to the dorsal side creating two or more arrises, but small indication of re-touch along the edges. Neither of the pieces appear to have been broken. These artefacts date to the Neolithic period between 4000-2200 BC.

WMID-5AB4F3: LITHIC IMPLEMENT
Five pieces of flint debris or waste (collective weight: 8.28g). On most of these pieces, they have been a number of times on the dorsal side creating multiple arrises as well as some having ‘re-touched’ surfaces on the ventral side particularly. However, there is no indication that these pieces were in the process of being made into a particular tool.

WMID-5A8171: LITHIC IMPLEMENT
Four flint debris or waste (microliths?) (lengths ranging from 23-33mm; collective weight: 4.32g). All of them have been struck once or twice on the dorsal to create one main arrise, including some evidence of re-touch on two of the artefacts. On the ventral side, the ripples or ‘lunettes’ or clearly visible illustrating the force of the impact. Probably dating to the Mesolithic period between 8000-4000 BC.

WMID-5A23C7: LITHIC IMPLEMENT
A knapped two-edged probable flint blade, broken at both ends (length: 29.1mm; width: 20.1mm; thickness: 5mm; weight: 3.80g). This flint has been re-touched heavily on the dorsal side to either side of the artefact’s length to create sloped sharp edges. There are no specific arrises on the dorsal due to the large amount of pressure flaking. The breaks at either end could well be recent. Ripples or ‘lunettes’ are clearly visible running down the ventral, illustrating the force and impact when the flake was struck. This blade dates to the Neolithic period between 4000-2200 BC.

WMID-C81864: BULLA
A cast lead circular papal bulla of Urban III, between 1185-7 (diameter: 37.9mm; thickness: 4mm; weight: 45.28g). On the 'recta' side of the bulla, the faces of Saints Peter and Paul are depicted with a cross between. Over the images appears the abbrievation 'SPA SPE'. Paul is depicted with a long beard but bald or with little hair, and Peter has a crimped beard with curly hair. On the 'verso' side, the name of the Pope is written in the nominative with his abbrievated title and ordinal number, distributed over three lines. Both faces of the bullae are encircled with a ring of dots or 'pearls'. The bulla is slightly worn but in a fari condition. The papal bulla is a formal seal of office used by the Popes to stamp and authenticate documents produced by the papal curia.

WMID-C6C5F6: STIRRUP
A cast copper alloy stirrup-strap mount, classified by David Williams in 'Late Saxon Stirrup-Strap Mounts: A Classification & Catalogue', 1997, as a Class C type (length: 43.9mm; width: 35.8mm; thickness: 9.9mm; weight: 31.13g). This complete openwork mount with side plates has a design consisting of rounded spirals and interlace design with three arms or 'ribs' extending out at the upper part of the decoration. There are eleven openwork holes in total, including the apex loop at the top which is still present, but worn, presumably from use as well as corrosion. On the back of the mount, there are remains and corrosion of an iron fitting or strap with two intact rivets still in place at the lower fixing holes. The mount is in a worn and corroded condition, and where present, has remains of a dark green patina. An identical example is illustrated in William's book, page 101, ref no 486, and was found in Souldern, Oxen. This example is slightly incomplete with the apex loop missing. This mount is also paralleled closely with that on many of the Class A, Type 1 mounts. In the 1997 publication, there are only seven examples that comprise the Class C mounts. They are larger than those in Classes A and B and which have, in addition to a projecting flange,a pair of projecting lugs or a pair of side-plates (page 100). Most copper alloy mounts are placed at the junction of the stirrup and stirrup leathers and mainly date to the 11th century AD. They have a wide distribution within England and to an uncertain extent on the near continent. Although most mounts appear in a variety of shapes, they can usually be recognised by a prominent flange/ ledge which projects from the lower edge of the undecorated reverse side. The flange appears at right angles or more obliquely, and the objects have two or more fixing holes, usually for iron rivets. Class B, in particular, have a trapezoidal or sub-rectangular shape. They are often openworked, mostly have flanges angled obliquely downwards and have bear zoomorphic heads facing outwards.

WMID-B44ED7: LITHIC IMPLEMENT
A flint flake (19.9mm x 14.2mm; thickness: 1.9mm; weight: 0.75g) with the bulb of percussion and eraillure scar on the ventral side showing the force of the main impact. There are also ripples or ‘lunettes’ radiating out from the bulb and a small amount of re-touch to the right side. On the dorsal side, there are two main arrises to the right and left, with another strike to the right and ‘lunettes’ running down the length of the artefact.

WMID-B3DEA2: VESSEL
A cast copper alloy pot leg (length: 43.4mm; width: 41.1mm; thickness: 20.1mm; weight: 102.75g) with crudely formed feet and a relatively flat base for the leg to stand on. The leg is worn and in a badly corroded condition with none of the original patina remaining. In general, excavated assemblages contain very few copper alloy vessels, which reflects their high cost as compared with ceramic and wooden vessels. Most of these examples come form Pottergate in York. Even though the deposits at Pottergate dated to 1507, some of the examples were presumably of reasonable age when deposited and legs with feet found at the site possibly came from ewers (Margeson, ‘Norwich Households: Medieval and Post-Medieval Finds from Norwich Survey Excavations 1971-78’, 1993, pages 90-3). Most examples from Norwich, however, date from the 14th – 17th century.

WMID-B14747: STIRRUP
An incomplete cast copper alloy stirrup (length: 130mm; width at suspension bar cover-plate: 48.9mm; estimated width near foot rest: 105mm; thickness: 36.7mm; weight: 65.72g). The hollow case cover-plate at the top of the artefact (length: 17mm) is slightly fragmented at the top with a crack running down one side, as well as evidence of wear, particularly at the bottom of the case. There is irregular incised figure-of-eight or looped decoration on the front of the case with small incised dashes radiating from the main design. Additionally, on the front and to either side of the case, there are three ribs running along the bottom, which is more worn along the front, presumably from use. There are also small areas of gilding still visible, especially on the left side. Extending out from the left side of the cover-plate (broken just below on the right), the main body of the stirrup with in-curving sides (and a ridge down the centre) splays outwards in a smooth curve, before moving inwards again to expand into a decorated foot rest. Only a small part of the foot rest remains. The decoration on the rest consists of a series of small arches and three ribs, only visible on the front view of the stirrup. This incomplete stirrup is clearly intended to be seen from one side and is in a slight worn but fair condition with a dark green patina. Similar examples are illustrated in John Clark’s (ed) ‘The Medieval Horse and its Equipment: Medieval Finds from Excavations in London c. 1150-c. 1450’, 1995, pages 73-4, ref nos MoL 02587, 84 & 85. This examples, particularly the Museum of London examples (as well as others in the British Museum) are described as a unusual type in copper alloy and date to the second half of the fourteenth century.

WMID-B0D012: BROOCH
A complete cast copper alloy annular brooch with frame and pin (diameter: 25.1mm; thickness: 4mm; weight: 3.67g). The frame has three plain sectors, one of which houses the pin that completely encloses the frame, and three sectors with slightly irregular incised cable decoration only on the upper surface. The brooch is slightly worn but in a fair condition with a dark green patina (although there are small amounts of further corrosion in areas). There are two similar examples illustrated in Egan & Pritchard’s ‘Dress Accessories: Medieval Finds from Excavations in London c. 1150-c. 1450’, 1991, pages 249-251, ref nos 1312 & 1315. This examples are both dated between c. 1270 – c. 1350.

WMID-5EC7C6: KILN WASTE
Three wheel thrown coarseware sherds (average thickness: 11-12mm; collective weight: 115.61g) with ridges or scar marks on the lesser glazed side indicating that other vessels were placed on top of or stuck to these vessels during the firing process. The glaze is dark brown - black with the inner fabric ranging from brown - grey to pink, with large gritty inclusions throughout. These sherds could be known as 'saggars' and are hard-fired crude and cylindrical vessels that were used to hold more delicate materials, or alternatively pancheons which are low large dished vessels. These vessels date from the late 16th - early 18th century, but are most likely to date to the 17th century. They may have been produced or used in the firing process at the Wednesbury kilns in the West Midlands. This find was found with records WMID-458D27, WMID-467B61, WMID-46E6C5, WMID-4748D7, WMID-47DA27, WMID-482097, WMID-495752, WMID-49BD47, WMID-4A18A8 & WMID-4A77C8.

WMID-5A3752: ARCHITECTURAL FRAGMENT
A large curved piece of stone architectural fragment (143mm x 54.9mm x 51mm; weight: unknown as too heavy for scales). The only markings on the piece are two grooves (the longest being 50.9mm in length) on the inner side of the curve. It is unclear whether these markings are wear, damage or have a particular function.This fragment may date from the Medieval period.

WMID-4A77C8: KILN WASTE
A thin and poorly constructed piece of probable kiln waste (52mm x 25.5mm; thickness: 7.3mm; weight: 10.88g). Very large gritty inclusions with a beige-pink coloured fabric. There is no evidence of glaze. There are two definite edges. This piece probably dates from the late 16th - early 18th century. This find was found with records WMID-458D27, WMID-467B61, WMID-46E6C5, WMID-4748D7, WMID-47DA27, WMID-482097, WMID-495752, WMID-49BD47, WMID-4A18A8 & WMID-5EC7C6.

WMID-4A18A8: KILN WASTE
A small wheel thrown possible foot ring base and side sherd of Blackware (49.7mm x 43.1mm; thickness: 3.6mm; weight: 14.81g). There is glaze on both sides of the vessel, as well as blistering at one end, with one hole running straight through the fabric, indicating firing at high temperatures. The fabric is rather hard and reddish-grey in colour and has been glazed inside and out with the lead glaze probably drawing iron from the body. These vessels would have probably been fired inside a pancheon or harder vessel in order to withstand the high temperatures. This vessel dates from the late 16th - early 18th century.Production centres for Blackwares are well represented in the Midlands, particularly at Wednesbury and Ticknall.This find was found with records WMID-458D27, WMID-467B61, WMID-46E6C5, WMID-4748D7, WMID-47DA27, WMID-482097, WMID-495752, WMID-49BD47, WMID-4A77C8 & WMID-5EC7C6.

WMID-49BD47: VESSEL
A small wheel thrown base and side sherd of Blackware (height: 43mm; diameter of base: 43.6mm; thickness: 5.3mm; weight: 21.79g). Probably originally in the form of a small cup with multiple handles, this is a poor quality sherd which has been reasonably well-fired due to blistering near the base. The fabric is rather hard and reddish-grey in colour and have been glazed inside and out with the lead glaze probably drawing iron from the body. These vessels would have probably been fired inside a pancheon or harder vessel in order to withstand the high temperatures. This sherd dates from the late 16th - early 18th century. Production centres for Blackwares are well represented in the Midlands, particularly at Wednesbury and Ticknall. This find was found with records WMID-458D27, WMID-467B61, WMID-46E6C5, WMID-4748D7, WMID-47DA27, WMID-482097, WMID-495752, WMID-4A18A8, WMID-4A77C8 & WMID-5EC7C6.

WMID-495752: KILN FURNITURE
A small piece of kiln furniture or 'spacer', sub circular in shape (40.8mm x 39.2mm; thickness: 12.1mm; weight:23.76g). This piece would have been used to fill or plug any spaces in the kiln, and would have had glazed material on top and around it, hence the glazing down the sides of the 'spacer'. There is more than one definite edge, with one broken edge, as well as the probable remains of a fingerprint on one of the surfaces. This 'spacer' dates between the late 16th - early 18th century. This find was found with records WMID-458D27, WMID-467B61, WMID-46E6C5, WMID-4748D7, WMID-47DA27, WMID-482097, WMID-49BD47, WMID-4A18A8, WMID-4A77C8 & WMID-5EC7C6.

WMID-482097: KILN FURNITURE
A small possible wheel thrown piece of coarseware kiln furniture or waste (35.1mm x 36.9mm; thickness: 10.2mm; weight: 14.54g). There is only one finished smooth edge to on this piece with some glaze on that edge. The piece is very abraded and badly made with large voids in the fill. It is difficult to identify a type or form of vessel. This piece probably dates to the late 16th - early 18th century. This find was found with records WMID-458D27, WMID-467B61, WMID-46E6C5, WMID-4748D7, WMID-47DA27, WMID-495752, WMID-49BD47, WMID-4A18A8, WMID-4A77C8 & WMID-5EC7C6.

WMID-47DA27: VESSEL
A small wheel thrown ceramic foot ring base sherd (41.2mm x 35.9mm; thickness: 13.8mm; weight: 15.26g). A coarseware covered on one side with a dark brown-black glaze on top of a dark red slip. The fill is salmon pink colour with sparse large inclusions. The sherd could have been used as possible kiln waste. This sherd dates to the 18th, or even 17th century. This find was found with records WMID-458D27, WMID-467B61, WMID-46E6C5, WMID-4748D7, WMID-482097, WMID-495752, WMID-49BD47, WMID-4A18A8, WMID-4A77C8 & WMID-5EC7C6.

A mottled wheel thrown ceramic rim sherd, dating to the 17th/ 18th century (47.8mm x 46.2mm; thickness: 11.1,mm; weight: 22.60g). A dark yellow-brown glaze with dark brown splashes and marks, while the fabric is an orange colour. The vessel is well-fired, with some glaze along the breaks and edges. Possibly some sort of jug with a big diameter? This find was found with records WMID-458D27, WMID-467B61, WMID-46E6C5, WMID-47DA27, WMID-482097, WMID-495752, WMID-49BD47, WMID-4A18A8, WMID-4A77C8 & WMID-5EC7C6.

WMID-46E6C5: KILN FURNITURE
A roughly hand made circular ceramic piece of kiln furniture or 'spacer' (diameter: 60.9mm; thickness: 15.2mm; weight: 53.85g). This 'spacer' would have been used to fill or plug any gaps in the kiln during the firing process. There are some areas of light brown glaze that have run down the sides of the piece, presumably from the glazed vessels above or to the side. There are two clear finger marks on the smoother surface of the piece. This piece of kiln furniture or 'spacer' probably dates to the late 16th - early 18th century. This find was found with records WMID-458D27, WMID-467B61, WMID-4748D7, WMID-47DA27, WMID-482097, WMID-495752, WMID-49BD47, WMID-4A18A8, WMID-4A77C8 & WMID-5EC7C6.

WMID-467B61: KILN WASTE
A large wheel thrown sherd of coarseware kiln waste (91.2mm x 69.1mm; thickness: 12.2mm; weigth: 113.12g). This broken (including glaze on one of the breaks) sherd has mis-shapen and distorted during firing and have areas on one surface of bubbling/ blistering indicating very high temperatures. The sherd is poorly made with a reddish-grey fill with frequent large inclusions and small gaps. On the opposite side from the blistering surface, there is a distinctive ridge running across at a sligth curve, indicating where another vessel had been laid during the firing process. This vessel may have been used as a saggar (hard-fired cylindrical vessel) which would have been used to hold and encompass the more delicate material for firing. This vessel dates from the late 16th - early 18th century (particularly the 17th century). This find was found with records WMID-458D27, WMID-46E6C5, WMID-4748D7, WMID-47DA27, WMID-482097, WMID-495752, WMID-49BD47, WMID-4A18A8, WMID-4A77C8 & WMID-5EC7C6.

WMID-458D27: KILN WASTE
A highly vitrified and over-fired base and side Black Ware sherd (44mm x 57.1mm x 28.1mm; thickness: 11.5mm; weight: 39.97g). By firing to such a high temperature, the clay seems to have melted with the surface blistering, and the vessel has effctively become a stoneware. The sherd is most likely to be a fragment of kiln waste, dating to the late 16th - early 18th century. Black wares are essentially a soft to hard-fired thrown earthenware, and in this case, has a grey fabric colour. The lead glaze probably draws iron from the body, which gives the dark colour. Black wares are typically in the form of small cups, with production centres in North Staffordshire (at Hanley and Burslem) as well as Midlands production taking place at Wednesbury, Ticknall etc). This find was found with records WMID-467B61, WMID-46E6C5, WMID-4748D7, WMID-47DA27, WMID-482097, WMID-495752, WMID-49BD47, WMID-4A18A8, WMID-4A77C8 & WMID-5EC7C6.

A cast lead biconical spindle whorl (diameter: 27.1mm; thickness/ depth: 14mm; weight: 40.40g). There does not appear to be any decoration on either side of the artefact. There is a cylindrical straight-sided hole in the centre of the spindle whorl (diameter: 9.8mm). The artefact is in a worn but fair condition, and may date to the Roman period.

WMID-337FB7: COIN WEIGHT
A cast copper alloy square coin weight or ducat (14.4mm x 13.7mm; thickness: 1.1mm; weight: 1.55g). On the obverse, there are two crowned bust facing each other, representing Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain. There appears to be possible remains of a fleur de lis on the reverse. The coin weight is worn and in a corroded condition with all detail only faintly visible. The artefact dates from the late 15th (particularly after 1469 when Ferdinand marries his cousin Isabella) to the early 16th century, possibly dating as late as AD 1516. Similar examples are illustrated in Dieudonne's 'Manuel des Poids Monetaires', 1925, page 125 & plate IX, ref nos 9, 11 & 13.

WMID-1FE8C4: PURSE
A cast copper alloy purse bar in two parts (overall length: 80mm; diameter of bar: 4.1mm; diameter of terminals: 13.2mm; weight: 25.79g). One side of the bar is bent round to a right angle with one moulded terminal at the end, and the sub-rectangular case to hold the swivel loop (now missing) at the other. The bar is broken beyond the casing, with the other bar being straight with the moulded terminal also present at the end. The artefact is in a worn and corroded condition with a patchy dark green patina. There is a similar example illustrated in Margeson's 'Norwich Households: The Medieval and Post-Medieval Finds from Norwich Survey Excavations 1971-1978', page 42, ref no 291. This example was dated between 1400-1600 AD, and is classified as a Type B which have no attachment plates, short bars but sometimes have frames. The use of cloth or leather purses, suspended from the belt by a swivelling loop and held expanded by metal bars often with frames attached, seems to have been popular from the 15th century onwards (page 40).

WMID-1F0A61: COIN
A struck/ hammered copper alloy probable halfpenny of William and Mary, dating between 1688-1694 AD (diameter: 28.3mm; thickness: 1.8mm; weight: 8.42g). The probable two busts of William and Mary are faintly visible on the obverse. There is no detail remaining left on the reverse as well as inscriptions in either side.

WMID-1DA501: VESSEL
Two small sherds of probable Roman pottery (including one possible rim), consisting of a orange fill with worn decoration on the outer surface (average thickness: 4mm; collective weight: 2.79g). These sherds probably belong to the same vessel and have no sign of glazing or a slip.

WMID-1D6417: TOKEN
A struck/ hammered worn, corroded and partly broken probable lead token(diameter: 24mm; thickness: 1.2mm; weight: 4.17g). There is no detail surviving on either side of the probable token, which may date to the 17th/ 18th century.

WMID-CC02B0: LITHIC IMPLEMENT
A knapped flint tool and possible scraper (length: 55.7mm; width: 45.8mm; thickness: 45.9mm; weight: 38.14g). On the ventral side (lower face) of the flint, there is a clear bulb of percussion, but no ripples or 'lunettes' are visible radiatting away from the impact. There is a eraillure scar and possible radial scars just below the striking platform and by the bulb. There seems to further working done at the bottom right handside, which may indicate this flint was used as a scraper. To the bottom left on the ventral side, there is a recent break.There is one main arrise running from the top left down the centre of the dorsal side (upper face). There are three main strikes from the right side of the arrise, with ripples or 'lunettes' clearly visible. Additionally, to the top right of the arrise, further working showing the possible scraper edge can be seen. Part of the cortex remains below.This flint tool dates to the Neolithic period between 4000 - 2200 BC.

WMID-CB1934: JETTON
A badly corroded copper alloy struck/ hammered jetton, probably dating to the 16th/ 17th century. (diameter: 25mm; thickness: 0.3mm; weight: 1.39g). Inscription around the edges of both sides of the jetton is still faintly visible, and the rest of the jetton is too worn and corroded to identify any other detail.

WMID-B66845: VESSEL
Two small wheel thrown sherds (average thickness: 7mm; collective weight: 18.64g). Both have a salmon pink fill sandwiched between the outer edge and surafces which are orange. A fairly soft fired fabric with small and abundant gritty inclusions, as well as sparse larger grits. These sherds could date to the Medieval period.

WMID-B580D4: TILE
An incomplete fragment of tile (63.2mm x 38.9mm; thickness: 14.2mm; weight: 42.98g). The inner fill of the tile is dark grey with fine and abundant white gritty inclusions. The outside edges and surface is dark orange , again with fine and abundant white gritty inclusions throuhgout. This is no evidence of glazing or other decoration. It is difficult to date the tile, but it could be Medieval.

WMID-A1DBA1: VESSEL
An unidentified probable post Medieval sherd of high fired pottery, probably dating to the 17th century (65.1mm x 29.8mm; thickness: 8.9mm; weight: 33.90g). The reddish grey fill seems to have a layered appearance with a green/ brown colour on the outside of the vessel, while the inside has a red/ brown colour as well as some eivdence of brown/ black glaze.

WMID-A16CD4: VESSEL
One wheel thrown rim sherd of a Staffordshire coarse earthenware pancheon/ jar (111.4mm x 28.3mm; thickness: 11mm; weight: 63.19g) with a salmon pink fill. A lead glaze is present on the inside of the piece, which draws iron from the body/ fill, giving the surface a brown/ black glaze. An iron-rich slip is frequently used under the lead glaze to produce an even darker colour, which is present on this example. There does not appear to be any other decoration. This coarse earthenware originates in Staffordshire from the 'late medieval orange ware' in the late 15th/ 16th century, and was recognised as a distinct ware in the 17th century. Production continues into the 19th century. During this time, the vessel forms appear as rounded jars, bowls, large bowls and pancheons/ milk pans. Production centres particularly in North Staffordshire include those in Hanley and Burslem from the mid-late 17th - the latter half of the 19th century. Staffordshire coarse earthenwares are no different to others produced in different parts of the country, but 17th century Staffordshire wares do seem finder and more neatly made.

WMID-9F1FF7: VESSEL
One rim sherd of a Staffordshire coarse earthenware milk pan/ dish (43.1mm x 76mm; thickness: 11.3mm; weight: 49.24g) with a salmon pink/ red fill. A lead glaze is present on the piece, which draws iron from the body/ fill, giving the outer surface a brown/ black glaze. An iron-rich slip is frequently used under the lead glaze to produce an even darker colour, which is present on this example. The sherd appears to be glazed on the inside. There does not appear to be any other decoration, apart from a slight sloping ridge on the probable inner glazed side. This coarse earthenware originates in Staffordshire from the 'late medieval orange ware' in the late 15th/ 16th century, and was recognised as a distinct ware in the 17th century. Production continues into the 19th century. During this time, the vessel forms appear as rounded jars, bowls, large bowls and pancheons/ milk pans. Production centres particularly in North Staffordshire include those in Hanley and Burslem from the mid-late 17th - the latter half of the 19th century. Staffordshire coarse earthenwares are no different to others produced in different parts of the country, but 17th century Staffordshire wares do seem finder and more neatly made.

WMID-9ED555: VESSEL
Six sherds of wheel thrown Staffordshire coarse earthenwares (average thickness: 8mm; collective weight: 104.27g) with a mottled salmon pink or buff fabric. A lead glaze is present on all pieces, which draws iron from the body/ fill, giving the outer surface a brown/ black glaze. An iron-rich slip is frequently used under the lead glaze to produce an even darker colour, as seen on all the sherds. The majority of the sherds seem to be glazed on the inside. There does not appear to be any other decoration. This coarse earthenware originates in Staffordshire from the 'late medieval orange ware' in the late 15th/ 16th century, and was recognised as a distinct ware in the 17th century. Production continues into the 19th century. During this time, the vessel forms appear as rounded jars, bowls, large bowls and pancheons/ milk pans. Production centres particularly in North Staffordshire include those in Hanley and Burslem from the mid-late 17th - the latter half of the 19th century. Staffordshire coarse earthenwares are no different to others produced in different parts of the country, but 17th century Staffordshire wares do seem finder and more neatly made.

A probable wheel thrown handle sherd of Midlands Purple ware (length: 33.1mm; width: 30.3mm; thickness: 24.9mm; weight: 15.54g). A hard fired fabric with an outside salmony pink coloured surface and light grey fill with large but sparse gritty black inclusions. There is no evidence of glazing. Midlands Purple ware originated in the late medieval period, probably late 15th/ 16th century and continued into the 18th century. The vessel may have been from a jug or jar, although chafing dishes, bowls, cisterns and butter pots were also made. Production centres are known in Staffordshire (Burslem; Wednesbury), Warwickshire (Chilvers Coton for early material) and Derbyshire (Ticknall). Ford, D. A., '17th/ 18th century Staffordshire post-Medieval Coarsewares', 1999.

WMID-88BA43: BROOCH
An incomplete cast copper alloy small-long brooch (length: 33.8mm; width: 25.9mm; thickness: 12mm; weight: 7.55g) with a head-plate trefoil around a central square. The arms are D-shaped with a singular ring and dot decoration in between each of the arms and the central square. There is also probable ring decoration along the curved and corroded outer edge of two of the arms (the other arm is more damaged), as well as traces of gilding. The brooch is incomplete from beneath the arched bow (convex in front, flat behind). On the back of the brooch, there is a single hinge with a broken hole in the centre. No evidence of the pin remains. There are also traces of gilding at the back of the brooch as well as the hinge. The incomplete brooch is worn and corroded particularly around the edges, but in a fair condition. Similar examples of small-long brooches are illustrated in MacGregor & Bolick’s ‘A Summary Catalogue of the Anglo-Saxon Collections’, 1993, pages 142-5, ref nos 15.66-15.76). Normally worn in pairs, they are in size generally similar to or smaller than cruciform brooches and are of lighter construction. They are usually made in one piece and tend to be rather low-grade castings. The arched bow usually forms the most solid element of the casting. This type of brooch appears early in the fifth century, and they survive well into the sixth century. Their distribution extends from East Anglia (with a particular concentration in the Cambridgeshire region) and the East Midlands as far west as Gloucestershire. Some are found as far north as Northumberland. Reference: MacGregor & Bolick, 'A Summary Catalogue of the Anglo-Saxon Collections', 1993, pages 124-147.

WMID-B7A8E3: VESSEL
A base and lower body sherd of a probable Mancetter-Hartshill mortaria (70.2mm x 65.8mm; thickness where body meets base: 15mm; weight: 56.68g). A fairly hard fired but fine-textured fabric with a creamy-pink core. There are small inclusions of fine quartz as well as abundant black angular grits. There is also slight red and black staining on the inner surface. The Mancetter-Hartshill mortaria were in production from c. AD 100 until the mid 4th century, even though many workers moved north in the mid 2nd century. Many kilns have been recorded and excavated on the Warwickshire/ Leicestershire border around Mancetter and Hartshill. The distribution was extensive in the Midlands and north between the mid 2nd and the early 4th century (Tyers 1996, 123-4).

WMID-B71C84: BELL
An incomplete cast copper alloy crotal bell (length: 41.3mm; diameter: 28.5mm; weight: 16.83g). The triangular-shaped handle is broken at the tip; there are two holes (average diameter: 6.2mm) to either side of the handle. There is a slight rib running around the middle of bell, as well as worn decoration in the form of a 'sunburst' design raditatting from the handle above the rib and below the rib where the bell is largely broken and worn. This crotal bell probably dates to the 18th century.

WMID-B6C940: VESSEL
An incomplete rim sherd of coarse earthenware pottery (41.6mm x 49.1mm; thickness: 11.9mm; weight: 27.75g). With a reddish-grey fabric and small inclusions, this sherd also has a rich and glossy black glaze, probably placed over a slip beneath. This vessel is most likely to come from a cylindrical storage jar, and has a rib running around the surface below the rim. These fabrics are difficult to date but were produced from the 17th century to the early 19th century.

WMID-B5CEA6: TILE
An incomplete fragment of ceramic glazed floor tile (81.5mm x 61.2mm; thickness: 28.3mm; weight: 200.89g). A 'two-coloured' decorated example with the glazed colours of dark green (the background) and mustard yellow (the creature's body). The decoration features the front of a possible dog or griffin's head and two front legs facing left with the remains of a circle and possbile fleur de lys on the outside. The creature has its head open, with the eyes and ears visible. Additionally, there are remains of dark green glaze down one of the sides. The fill of the tile is orange-red with an inner fill of dark grey. There are similar examples of this similar decoration illustrated in Elizabeth Eames report 'Tiles' in ed P & E Saunders, 'Salisbury & South Wiltshire Museum Medieval Catalogue', 1991, pages 93-139, ref nos 79-97. Ceramic floor tiles , both decorated and plain, eventually became widely used from the second quarter of the 13th century (AD 1225-1250) in a few establishments (particularly in London), but probably became more wide spread in domestic use during the 14th century. Decorated tile floors in situ have proved very unusual discoveries in secular buildings, and are most commonly found associated with ecclesiastical establishments. During the 14th century, Flemish plain glazed floor tiles also began to be imported, and it can be different to differentiate between Flemish and English examples. English tiles are fird once; Flemish fired twice. Flemish tiles are also normally identified by holes in corners of the upper surface, which were made by nails which held a template block in place on clay while the tiler cut around it with a knife (G Egan, 'The Medieval Household: Medieval Finds from Excavations in London c. 1150 - 1450', 1998, pages 38-40). This incomplete example is very slightly to be associated with Halesowen Abbey, and dates to the 14th century.

WMID-B475E7: UNIDENTIFIED OBJECT
A cast lead unidentified artefact (length: 61mm; width: 16.1mm; thickness/ depth: 14mm; weight: 51.51g). The artefact is in the shape of a probable woman with a rounded belly (possibly pregnant) with hands/ arms circling together under the belly. The facial features are not recognisable as the object is particularly worn. Protruding out from this figurine is an integral depression/ scoop (length: 30mm). The purpose of this feature is unknown, but possible suggestions have included a scoop, an area for mixing powders or even a feature representing fertility. The date of this object is uncertain, but it probably dates to the late Medieval/ post-Medieval period.

WMID-A4E212: VESSEL
Three ceramic 'Black ware' sherds [2 base sherds and 1 body sherd], with a collective weight of 89.91g. A soft to hard-fired earthenware. The firing can affect the fabric colour, which varies from orange and red to dark red or purple, or even grey. These wares are glazed inside and out and are in black in colour due to the lead glaze used which draws the iron from the body, giving the dark colour. These three examples present a dull metallic glazed finish, which is the result of reduction during firing. The only form of decoration visible on two of the sherds is turning, which is used to produce horizontal bands and ridges, particularly on straight-sided vessels. Black wares have there origins in Cisterican wares of the late 15th/ 16th centuries, but the black wares are better finished with smoother surfaces. There are specific deposits found in Staffordshire from the mid 17th century onwards, with a decline in the production and use in the mid 18th century. Black wares are one of the most common types of English post-Medieval pottery, and have a wide distribution in Wales, Yorkshire and eastern England. There are production centres in the Midlands in Wednesbury and Ticknall.

WMID-7AB405: SEAL MATRIX
A cast copper alloy seal matrix (diameter: 20.9mm; thickness [including loop]: 8.8mm; weight: 5.41g). Circular in shape, this seal has a fleur de lys in the centre surrounded by a barbed quatrefoil. A slight incised border runs around this design, with the inscription round the outer edge. Due to wear and corrosion, it is difficult to identify the inscription as most of the letters are very hard to see. It is also difficult to confirm whether the inscription is written clockwise. Possible letters identified include an 'S', 'O' and an 'A'. The seal is also worn and corroded on the back, particularly around the edges. There is a circular suspension loop protruding out from the back by approximately 6mm, as well as a slight ridge down the back from the loop. The seal is in a worn and poor conditon with a dark green patchy patina, but the central features on the front are still particularly clear. Other seal matrices of these form are illustrated in Read's, 2001, 'Metal Artefacts of Antiquity', pages 75 & 79 and are dated to the 14th century AD.

WMID-7A5944: UNIDENTIFIED OBJECT
An unidentified cast copper alloy artefact (length: 74.9mm; diameter: 8mm; weight: 35.38g). Possibly a handle from another artefact, this object has an even diameter along its length and curls slightly inwards. There is a greater amount of corrosion at what seems to be the broken ends of the artefact.

WMID-79DBB1: SPUR
A cast copper alloy spur (length: approximately 46mm; width: 60.8mm; thickness: 10.1mm; weight: 21.08) with an additional attachment (length: 44.9mm; width: 17mm; thickness: 7.2mm; weight: 6.49g) and an associated two piece buckle (length: 33.2mm; width: 23.6mm; thickness: 6mm; weight: 7.62g). The neck of the spur divides into a forked end with the remains of iron corrosion in each hole of these ends, probably suggesting the fitting of a further attachment or rowel. From the neck, the spur breaks off into two separate sides with two corroded loops (with remains of iron corrosion) at each terminal. It is unclear how the additional attachment is fastened onto the spur, but it does have two circular studs attached to the main arm by rivets at one end, and a corroded loop at the other. The buckle associated with the spur is a two buckle, probably dating from 16050-1800 AD. The buckle is also copper alloy of trapezoidal shape with a drilled frame for a separate spindle. The cast copper alloy chape and pin are still intact, and there is evidence of looped attachments (with some iron corrosion) at the end of the chape, which may have enabled the buckle to be joined to the spur. All three artefacts are in a worn but fair condition, apart from the buckle which is in a more advanced rate of corrosion. These artefacts were found together, and probably date to the 17th/ 18th century AD.

WMID-77FAB4: SPINDLE WHORL
A cast lead decorated spindle whorl (diameter: 26.9mm; thickness: 11.1mm; weight: 34.83g). This conical-shaped spindle whorl has different decoration on each side. On one side, there are seventeen roughly circular protruding dots/ knobs, with an average diameter of 3.5mm. These features are unevenly spread across the artefact's surface. On the opposite side, the decoration is worn but faint 'zig zag' lines can still be seen in places, with a probable rib running around the hole in the centre. The cylindrical but straight-sided hole in the centre has an identation halfway down. The spindle whorl is worn but in a fair condition. These highly decorated spindle whorls date to the 15th/ 16th century AD.

WMID-7734E3: KEY (LOCKING)
A complete cast copper alloy key with a lozenge/ diamond-shaped bow, comprising of a quatrefoil framework (with each of the four holes having an approximate diameter of 4mm) and collar just below (length: 91.6mm; width at bow: 35.7mm; thickness/ diameter of shank: 8.6mm; weight: 52.95g). There is a cylindrical loop separately soldered on to the top of the bow (diameter: 12.8mm; length: 8.9mm), which prtorudes outwards from both sides by approximately 4mm, possibly for attachment purposes. The key has a hollow and oval-sectioned shank (length: 59mm) with the complete bit (length: 20.8mm; width: 18.1mm) protruding outards from the bottom. The key is decorated. To the left and right of the bow/ head, there are integrally cast copper alloy knobs, as well as three roughly incised lines (approximate length: 2-3mm) between the four points of the head. There are also incised cross marks on the side knobs. These markings appear on both sides of the bow/ head. Below the collar and along the length of the shank, there are roughly incised lines circling in a 'V' design. The artefact is slightly worn, particularly near the bottom of the shank, and the key is in a good condition. A number of similar examples are illustrated in the 'London Museum Medieval Catalogue', 1940, pages 140 & 142, plate XXIX. These date to the 14th/ 15th century AD.

WMID-76BB51: BROOCH
A probable incomplete cast copper alloy annular brooch (diameter: 57.5mm; thickness: 5.2mm; weight: 30.16g). A plain and undecorated brooch with a small constriction (length: 6.3mm) along the frame. The pin is now missing. The artefact is slightly worn but in a fair condition with a dark green/ brown patina. Egan & Pritchard state in 'Dress Accessories: Medieval Finds from excavations in London c. 1150 - c. 1450', 1991, page 248, that the distinction between plain annular brooches and plain circular-frame buckles is not immediately clear. Plain annular and other open frames in which the pins are attached to a constriction at one point are described as brooches, while those with the pin free to move around the entire circumference of the frame are described as buckles. This example probably dates between to the 13th/ 14th century AD.

WMID-65EBA1: COIN
A struck/ hammered silver groat of Edward IV (diameter: 26mm; thickness: 0.7mm; weight: 2.79g), probably minted in his first reign between 1461-1470 AD. An unusual coin with quatrefoils either side of the neck and fleurs on the cusps, including a fleur stamped over a probable ‘E’ representing York. However, on the reverse, the mint reads ‘CIVI/TAS/LON/DON’. This may indicate that a mistake may have been made as it was a die intially prepared for use at York, but then the ‘E’ was disguised to enable the moneyers to transform the coin into a London mint.

WMID-645353: FLAT AXEHEAD
A cast bronze flat axe (length: 74.9mm; width at blade: 40.3mm; thickness: 11mm; weight: 115.67g). A small, crudely made and uneven axe with gently sloping sides to the blade. The blade is not flanged. The artefact has a high metallic content and would have been made in an open mould (possibly of sandstone), therefore explaining why the surface is no uneven and slightly pitted. The butt of the axe has tapered to a narrow point but the side is thick. The axe is worn and in a poor condition. Similar examples are illustrated in Peter Harbison's 'The Axes of the Early Bronze Age in Ireland', 1969, particularly those of the Logh Ravel type (pages 10-19). Flat axes date to the Early Bronze Age, between 2,500-1,450 BC.

WMID-623795: BROOCH
A cast copper alloy annular brooch (diameter: 25.7mm; thickness: 2.5mm; weight: 2.55g) with pin now missing. There are a series of constrictions along the frame at regular intervals of approximately 5-6mm. Additonally, there is the constriction (length: 2.9mm), which would have originally held the pin. The underside of the brooch is flat and undecorated. The artefact is in a worn and poor condition with small areas of the original dark green patina left on the surface. An identical example is illustrated in Egan & Pritchard's 'Dress Accessories: Medieval Finds from excavations in London c 1150-c 1450', 1991, pages 249-250, ref no 1311. This example was dated between c. 1270 - c. 1350 AD.

WMID-253695: JETTON
A struck/ hammered copper alloy jetton, dating to the 15th/ 16th century AD (diameter: 25.8mm; thickness: 1.8mm; weight: 4.72g). The jetton is in a poor and corroded condition, making it difficult to identify. On one side, a cross is visible in the centre, including part of the inscription around the outside. Additionally, the edges of the artefact are heavy corroded and worn.

WMID-22DBD6: WEIGHT
A rounded/ egg-shaped lead steelyard weight, of possible Roman date (length: 65.1mm; diameter/ width: 44mm; weight: exceeds the weight of the scales). The surface of the weight is particularly smooth with small indentations/ accidental scratch marks. There is iron corrosion appearing at the botom and top of the weight's length, particularly at what appears to be the top where the iron protrudes out to a rounded point by 4/5mm, and was originally a feature of greater length. The artefact is slightly worn, but in a fair condition.

WMID-21DE65: THIMBLE
A cast copper alloy domed or 'beehive' thimble (diameter at base: 20.9mm; length/ height: 21.5mm; thickness: 1mm; weight: 5.03g). The thimble has a slightly rounded point which slopes downwards to the larger diameter of the artefact at the base. There are small, irregular and uneven circular indentations across the outer surface which do seem to be of a certain pattern, particuarly roughly concentric rings of markings around the domed tip. These markings become less frequent near the tip of the thimble. There are a few cracks/ breaks running upwards from the base, one of which is surrounded by increased levels of corrosion. The thimble is slightly worn but in a fair condition, with a dark green patina. Domed type and cast thimbles have been found dating from the 14th century in England. Some domed thimbles were made for light duty and others, mostly larger and with thicker sides, for heavy duty and the size of the holes varies accordingly. All drilled holes are usually circular (E.F. Holmes,'Sewing Thimbles' - Finds Research Group 700-1700 datasheet 9, 1991, pages 1-2).

WMID-20C4A7: COIN
A struck/ hammered copper alloy shilling or 'gun money' minted by James II in Ireland during September 1690 AD (diameter: 25.8mm; thickness: 1.1mm; weight: 4.58g). These coins were made of mixed metal obtained from old guns, and consisted of crowns, half-crowns, shillings and sixpences. On the obverse, they bear the bust of James II and the beginning of the titles to which he was no longer entitled. These titles continue on the reverse. The value and date on the coin are also represented on the reverse. The dating of these coins is based on the Julian calendar, according to which the year began on 25th March. The coin is slightly worn but in a fair condition.

WMID-0E08C3: COIN
A struck/ hammered silver 'Tealby' or cross and crosslets penny of Henry II, Bust B1, minted in Canterbury between c. 1161-5 AD (diameter: 17.3mm; thickness: 0.4mm; weight: 1.09g). Probably minted by Goldhavoc, this coin has been identified as having a Bust B1 type obverse (see North, 1980, page 175-6), with two folds to the mantle and a trefoil between. The coin is in a worn and poor condition, as well as being badly clipped around the edges.

WMID-0D4CE6: COIN
A struck/ hammered silver penny of Edward III, minted between 1352-3 AD (diameter: 17.5mm; thickness: 0.6mm; weight: 1.01g). Minted in London as part of the Fourth Coinage within the Pre-Treaty period, this coin has been identified as a Series D, standard type 'G', as classified by North in 'English Hammered Coinage Volume 2: Edward I to Charles II: 1272-1662', page 50, Ref no 1156. The coin is slightly worn but in a fair condition.

WMID-0CD605: COIN
A struck/ hammered silver sixpence of William III, minted in 1696 AD (diameter: 20.8mm; thickness: 0.9mm; weight: 3.08g). The bust on the obverse seems to be the 1st bust type, as classified by Mitchell & Reeds in 'Coins of England and the United Kingdom', 1995, page 237 (Ref no 3520) with an early harp on the reverse. The coin is slightly worn but in a good condition. In 1696, a great re-coinage was undertaken to replace the hammered silver that made up most of the coinage in circulation, much of it being clipped and badly worn. Branch mints were set up in Bristol, Chester, Exeter, Norwich and York to help with the re-coinage.

WMID-0B39B5: BUCKLE
A cast copper alloy buckle with pin still attached (length: 26.3mm; width: 18.8mm; thickness: 7.8mm; weight: 7.97g). This pointed D-shaped buckle has a complete copper alloy pin still encircling the opposite end before continuing along the artefact's length to the pointed end where a deep notch is visible to hold the pin in place. The buckle is plain and undecorated. The buckle frame on upper side is slightly rounded-sectioned in appearance, while the underside is muich flatter. The artefact is in a slightly worn but fair condition with a dark green/ brown patina. No identical examples have been found, but a similar example is illustrated in Ross Whitehead's 'Buckles 1250-1800', 1996, page 18, ref no 44, and has been dated between 1250-1500 AD.

WMID-FB76D0: PILGRIM BADGE
A cast copper alloy badge or brooch depicting St. George and the dragon (length: 42.9mm; width: 23.2mm; thickness: 8.6mm; weight: 4.75g). Of late-Medieval/post-Medieval date, this badge depicts St. George holding what appears to be part of a sword (now partly broken) above his head while leaning to one side with his other hand resting on a shield (with St. George's cross), which seems to be forcing open the dragon's open mouth. The dragon is on its back underneath St. George's feet, with the wings clearly visible. St. George appears to be dressed in probable 15th century costume, wearing armour, particularly clear on his legs and feet. The back of the badge/ brooch is completely flat with a rounded and pierced loop protruding from the back. Overall, the artefact is in a worn but fair condtion with small breakages and corrosion along the outside edges and back. Two examples of medieval pilgrim badges depicting St. George are illustrated in Brian Spencer's 'Salisbury & South Wiltshire Museum Medieval catalogue Part 2', 1990, page 52 & 83, Figs 148-9. Both these examples depict St. George attacking the dragon below his feet, but they are much more crudely made and attached to a tapering, tubular plume-holder.

WMID-FAE071: ARROWHEAD
A cast iron bodkin arrowhead (length: 58mm; width at the square-sectioned base of the head: 10.1mm; weight: 15.32g) with a lanceolate bodkin head of square section. The four-sided head reaches to a particularly pointed tip, whilst the base of the head tapers inwards to form the roughly circular-sectioned shank/ socket. The socket is incomplete with a break down one side. There does not seem to be any tracs of wood still visible in the socket. Overall, the arrowhead is in a slightly worn but fair condition with only small areas of more advancd corrosion nearer the socketed end. Alan Borg in 'Arms & Armour', in ed Peter & Eleanor Saunders, 'Salisbury & South Wiltshire Museum Medieval Catalogue Part I', 1991, page 80, states that the characterisation of Bodkin and bullet head groups is that the actual head is normally the same size as, or narrower than, the socket. Bodkin points had excellent penetrative power with slender armour-piercing heads, and experiments have shown that they are capable of piercing steel armour, making them ideal for war arrows (page 80, 83 & 87, see Ref no 74). Another similar example is illustrated in Oliver Jessop's 'A New Artefact Typology for the study of Medieval Arrowheads', page 194, Fig 1, Ref no M9.

WMID-FA3BE5: COIN
A struck/ hammered silver penny of Edward I, dating between 1301-10 AD (diameter: 18.3mm; thickness: 0.6mm; weight: 1.37g). Classified as a Class 10 and minted in London, this coin is in a slightly worn but fair condition with most detail clearly visible.

WMID-F9DAB1: COIN
A struck/ hammered silver penny of 14th/ possible 15th century AD (diameter: 14.9mm; thickness: 0.2mm; weight: 0.52g). Due to the strange appearance of the hair and the letters on the reverse, there may be a strong possibility that the artefact may be Continental. The coin is in a very worn condition with small fragments of detail still visible, as well as being badly clipped.

WMID-F95057: COIN
An incomplete struck/ hammered silver denarius (diameter: 17mm; thickness: 1.1mm; weight: 1.35g). The obverse is worn but still has a clear inscription, which is only partly visible due to the coin being broken down one edge. The reverse is completely worn with numerous old scratches, possibly suggesting that the coin had been deliberately marked/ scratched to smooth the surface. The reason behind this is unknown. The coin was minted by Caracalla (198-217 AD) or Elagabalus (218-222 AD).

WMID-F8E234: COIN
A struck/ hammered silver farthing of Edward I (diameter: 11.9mm; thickness: 0.3mm; weight: 0.32g). Classified as a Class 8, this coin was only minted in London between 1272-1307 AD. The coin is slightly worn in a few places but is in a fine condition with all of the features very sharp, possibly indicating that it was only in circulation for a short period of time.

WMID-F6A377: BUCKLE
A probable cast tinned copper alloy shoe or knee buckle frame, dating between 1650-1750 AD (length: 33.1mm; width: 21.8mm; thickness: 3.9mm; weight: 6.82g). The buckle would have originally been a 'two piece buckle' with a drilled frame for a separate spindle, but only the frame survives. Of trapezoidal shape, the buckle frame is slightly worn and has faint grooves on the outer edge of each loop, as well as more compact but smaller grooves to either side of the spindle holes across the width of the buckle. Additionally, at the ends of the spindle holes, there is a small square platfrom with a groove running through the centre. The spindle or bar was probably originally made of iron, indicated by the presence of iron corrosion present at the spindle holes. The reverse of the buckle is undecorated. Similar artefacts are illustrated in Ross Whitehead's 'Buckles 1250-1800', pages 98-9.

WMID-D11526: COIN
A struck/ hammered silver penny of Henry VII, dating between 1480-1500 AD (diameter: 14.9mm; thickness: 0.4mm; weight:0.65g). Minted in York, this coin specifically has a 'h' in the centre of the reverse as well as a 'T' and a cross by the bust, indicating that it was minted by Archbishop Rotherham. The coin is in a worn but fair condition with some of the features still visible except for most of the inscription on both sides. The artefact has also been clipped around part of the edge.

WMID-CF4593: COIN
A struck/ hammered silver shilling of Elizabeth I, minted in 1560-1 AD (diameter: 31.9mm; thickness: 0.9mm; weight: 5.54g). The mintmark of the martlet is also an indication of the when the coin was minted. The coin is in a slightly worn but good condition with all features clearly visible, including the queen's crowned bust on the obverse. There is no rose or date on the artefact.

WMID-7C4EE7: BUCKLE
An incomplete cast copper alloy oval-lipped buckle frame with remains of integral forked spacer (length: 23.8mm; width: 23mm; thickness: 2.9mm; weight: 3.16g). There is a slight groove in the buckle for the complete and attached copper alloy pin to rest. The opposite end of the pin is curled round and underneath a gap in the forked spacer. The ends of the forked spacers both appear to be broken. The artefact is slightly worn but in a fair condition with small amounts of greater corrosion on the pin and ends of the forked spacers. The patina appears to be dark green/ black in colour with a few scratch marks appearing on the underside of the buckle frame. Similar examples are illustrated in Egan & Pritchard's 'Dress Accessories: Medieval Finds from excavations in London', 1991, pages 78-82, Ref nos 322-330, dating to the 14th/ 15th century AD.

A cast copper alloy oval-lipped and composite buckle frame with incomplete plate attached (length: 46.3mm; width of buckle frame: 25.6mm; thickness of plate: 4.9mm; weight: 9.22g). A notch is present in the frame to hold the complete and attached copper alloy pin, the end of which still curls into a hole in the plate through to the other side. Along the length of the plate (approximately 23.2mm in length) there is evidence for an incomplete rivet hole, whilst a complete iron rivet is still attached at the far end of the plate where there are also two decorative notches. In between the incomplete plates, a forked spacer is still visible. The artefact is in a worn and corroded condition, particularly the buckle plate, which has small areas of bronze disease on its surface. There are also numerous scratch marks around the buckle frame specifically, possibly due to cleaning more than actual wear and tear. The buckle and plate have a dark green. Similar examples are illustrated in Egan & Pritchard's 'Dress Accessories: Medieval Finds from excavations in London', 1991, pages 78-82), ref nos 322-330, dating to the 14th/ 15th century.

WMID-674727: STRAP END
A soldered copper alloy strap end (length: 30.7mm; width: 15.3mm; thickness: 3.2mm; weight: 4.32g) with two slightly rounded notches in the attachment edge and tapering from this edge down to the tip. There are two copper alloy rivets still attached at either end of the length of the strap end and a small rounded protruding knob at the tip. The two sheets are slightly parted at the attachment edge with the rivet seen in between. The artefact is in a slightly worn but fair condition with a smooth dark green patina. A similar artefact is illustrated in Egan & Pritchard's 'Dress Accessories: Medieval Finds from excavations in London', 1991, page 142-3, Fig 93, Ref no 660. This London example is similar in most ways apart from being made of gunmetal, and is dated between c.1350-1400 AD.

A struck/ hammered copper alloy farthing of James I (diameter: 12.1mm; thickness: 0.5mm; weight: 0.36g). The farthing is slightly worn but in a fair condition. In 1616, the King granted Lord Harington a licence to coin farthings of copper as a result of repeated public demands for a low value coinage; this was later taken over by the Duke of Lenox (ed Mitchell & Reeds, 1995, page 177 & 184).

A struck/ hammered silver short cross penny, probably minted in the early reign of John at London between c. 1194-1204/5 AD (diameter: 19.8mm; thickness: 0.6mm; weight: 1.37g). This coin can be classified as a Class 4b, particularly due to one curl of hair visible to either side of the head. This artefact is slightly worn but in a fair condition with most of the detail visible.

A struck/ hammered largely copper alloy silver plated follis of Constantine I, minted at Trier in 319 AD (diameter: 17.8mm; thickness: 1.9mm; weight: 3.14g). The coin is slightly worn but fair condition with all detail showing. Only traces of the silver plated surface remain, particularly on the reverse. Ref: Sutherland & Carson, 'Roman Imperial Coinage Volume VII, 1966, pages 182, RIC 213 & 214.

A cast copper alloy trumpet brooch with patchy remains of silver plating on the front and back (length: 48.1mm; width at head: 12.1mm; thickness/ depth: 25mm; weight: 15.50g). With a 'typical' trumpet head, there are two or three slight ribs running from the middle and slanting to the side and edges of the head. There are remains of silver plating between and on these ribs. Another central rib runs straight down the centre of the head before reaching a probable triple rib across the bow's width. From where the other ribs slanting outwards towards the edge of the head, there are two more crossing diagonally inwards again before reaching the central rib at a point, making a diamond shape. There is further evidence of silver plating along these ribs. Beneath the set of triple ribs across the width, there is a plain button below, as well as another triple rib beneath that. These central features across the middle of the bow all have silvered remains. A double incised line runs down the centre of the front of the lower bow with one incised line to either side marking the recess towards the catch plate. The foot-knob has three ribs and a rounded base. At the back of the brooch, most of the spring mechanism is still attached with two turns on one side of the central lug, and one on the other. The internal chord is still intact. Only a small amount of the catch plate remains. Most of the silver plating survives on the back of the brooch, particularly to either side of the catch plate. The pin is missing. Overall, the brooch is in a slightly worn but fair condition with the highest concentration of copper alloy corrosion down the edges of the bow. This brooch would date to the late 1st/ 2nd century AD.

WMID-3C6BE3: THIMBLE
A probable stamped copper alloy thimble (diameter at tip: 15mm; diameter at base: 24.1mm; thickness: 0.8mm; weight: 4.93g) with irregular drilled and rounded holes around the outer sides and leading up and including the rounded tip. Each incised hole has roughly the same diameter of 1.2mm. Additionally, there is a slight rim around the base of the artefact. The inside of the thimble is not decorated. The artefact is in a poor and worn condition with a large amount of corrosion in some areas, particularly patches of bronze disease down the sides and nearer the rimmed base. Some domed type thimbles were made for light duty and others, mostly larger with thicker sides, for heavy duty and the size of the holes varies accordingly. Domed type thimbles are found in Britain in contexts from about 1350 AD. This example probably dates from the 15th/ 16th century AD.

WMID-E59392: BUCKLE
A small cast copper alloy D-shaped buckle with pin still attached (length: 18.9mm; width: 20.2mm; thickness [of pin]: 5.2mm; weight: 2.26g). An oval frame with offset narrow bars, this buckle is in a worn but badly corroded condition, with brighter green corrosion in some areas (but probably not bronze disease). Very little of the original patina is surviving. Similar examples are illustrated in Egan & Pritchard's 'Dress Accesories c. 1150 - c. 1450', pages 68, 70, 74-5, ref nos 274 & 304. Both examples were found during excavations in London, and can be accurately dated to the 13th/ 14th century AD.

WMID-E52CB1: MOUNT
A small cast copper alloy mount (length: 19.5mm; width: 10mm; thickness: 4.8mm; weight: 1.25g). Shaped like a bow, this badly worn and corroded mount has very little original patina left, making it difficult to identify any decoration in detail. There are two lugs at the back of the mount. Only one lug has the hooked end remaining. The overall design of this mount is similar to various examples illustrated in Brian Read's 'Metal Artefacts of Antiquity', pages 28 & 36, fig 21, ref nos 311, 312 & 315. Ref no 315 specifically has trefoil ends with radiating grooves as well as transverse grooves below the trefoils, and is perhaps the most similar to this artefact. Read has classified these mounts with integral pointed lugs as dating to the 17th century AD.

WMID-BE9084: SCRAPER (TOOL)
A probable flint button scraper (25.3mm x 18.8mm; thickness: 6.1mm; weight: 3.49g). General working all over the surface and slightly along one of the edges, indicating its use as a cutting tool. Along the dorsal, there are three main arrises. On the ventral side, there are multiple ripples or 'lunettes' radiatting from one particular side where the bulb of percussion is no longer visible.

WMID-BE6B70: LITHIC IMPLEMENT
A group of four worked flakes/ flint debris (collective weight: 33.10g).

WMID-BDFF80: COIN
A badly worn and damaged struck/ hammered silver coin (denomination uncertain), possibly of Mary I (diameter: 22.9mm; thickness: 0.4mm; weight: 1.08g). Little detail is still visible. There is a possible 'M' on the obverse (with all other inscription destroyed) and the shield on the reverse divided by the long cross is very faint. There are small worn holes which have continued straight through the coin. At best, it is certain from the design that this coin is of Tudor/ Staurt date.

WMID-BDD181: BROOCH
A slightly incomplete cast copper alloy Wirral brooch, Roman in date, c. 100-200 AD (length: 84.3mm; width at top of brooch: 13.3mm; thickness at remains of catch plate: 10.2mm; weight: 27.54g). The top of the brooch has a very worn suspension loop (inside diameter: 6.2mm) which is particularly worn at the top with evidence of possible bronze disease. The loop then truncates into a rectangular platform with three ridge and grooves running across the width (12.9mm), two of which are particularly deep and may have originally held enamel. Just below this decoration, there is another ridge with small incisions running length-wise down it, each with a spacing of 1mm between them. Beyond this ridge, the bow archs outwards quite dramatically to form a 'C' shape in side section. Down the majority of this arch, there are three deep grooves running down the bow length by 19.7mm, with a width each of 2mm and a spacing of approximately 1mm between them. These grooves would originally have held enamel in a chequerboard pattern. Directly below the grooves, there is a slightly protruding circular stud (diameter: 6.8mm) with a crude and uneven cross incised on it. The rest of the front of the bow is undecorated apart from a slight ridge that runs down the centre of the bow's length to the foot. The foot at the end has four ridges and three grooves fitted tightly together, with a rounded bottom. The back of the brooch is undecorated. Behind the rectangular platform, there is evidence for a hinged mechanism. Even though the pin is now missing, the hollow cusp of the hinge remains as well as two holes either side to hold the axis bar, with probable iron still embedded in one of them, indicating that the axis bar was made of iron. There is one rib and two grooves beneath the mechanism before the arch of the bow appears and comes back in again lower down to form substantial remains of a copper alloy catch plate. The general condition of the brooch is slightly worn but fair with few areas of extensive corrosion as seen around the suspension loop and the sides of the bow. Most original patina has survived and is probably dark brown in colour (the brooch may have been coated in a substance making it difficult to identify the artefact's true surface and colour).

WMID-BB6884: COIN
A struck/ hammered silver penny of Edward I (diameter: 17.1mm; thickness: 0.5mm; weight: 0.97g), dating from 1280-1296 (Class 3-6) or 1294-1299 (Class 8) AD. Minted in Canterbury, this coin is in a slightly worn but fair condition with the crowned bust facing fowards still visible, but it is difficult to identify finer detail.

WMID-BB0272: JETTON
A struck/ hammered copper alloy jetton of the probable 'rose and orb' type (diameter: 27mm; thickness: 1.8mm; weight: 7.65g). Only the obverse depicting the rose and orb is still visible with three pairs of annulets outside the tressure. A few letters of the inscription surviving, therefore making it difficult to idenfify. There is no detail surviving on the reverse apart from a few letters also still visible from the inscription. The general condition of the jetton is poor and corroded, with some bronze disease around the outside of the obverse. Annulet rose and orb jettons seem to appear at the start of the 16th century between 1500-1525 AD, when they appear on the reverse of 'French shield' jettons. However, they do continue in use until the late 16th/ early 17th century. Reference: Michael Mitchiner, 1988, 'Jetons, Medalets & Tokens: The Medieval Period & Nuremburg - Volume One', pages 355-428.

WMID-BA82F1: LITHIC IMPLEMENT
A well-worked flint core with evidence of knapping all over (23mm x 21.8mm x 18.2mm; weight: 9.33g). The dorsal is quite high, while the ripples or 'lunettes' are still visible on the ventral side, as is the bulb of percussion and eraillure scar.

WMID-BA6D85: PIN
A small and incomplete cast copper alloy pin head (length: 10.1mm; diameter: 10.5mm; weight: 3.11g), of possible Roman date. With only a small part of the shank remaining, the general condition of the artefact is worn and corroded. There are, however, some traces of the original dark green patina left on the surface.

WMID-AA1068: SCRAPER (TOOL)
Two worked flint possible scrapers (collective weight: 19.09g). On both dorsals, there are multiple arrises with faint ripples or 'lunettes' showing on the ventral. Some re-working along the edges is visible. Part of the core is still left on one of the examples.

WMID-A9CAF5: COIN
A very badly corroded struck/ hammered copper alloy probable sestertius (diameter: 24.2mm; thickness: 3.5mm; weight: 6.13g), possibly dating to the 2nd century AD. There is no surviving detail apart from the possible bust facing right on one side. Bright blue and green corrosion covers both sides, with the blue corrosion always in the centre and the green around the edges. Generally, the coin's condition is very poor and corroded. There is no original patina surviving.

WMID-A99C55: LITHIC IMPLEMENT
A group of four worked flint flakes/ debris (collective weight: 6.76g), all showing ripples or 'lunettes' on the ventral sides. No evidence of the bulb of percussion remains on any of them, and part of the core remains on the largest piece. There is no evidence of re-working to the sides, signifying that they are most likely to be waste.

WMID-A91B15: BLADE
A possible worked flint possible blade (length: 53.7mm; width: 17.5mm; thickness: 8.1mm; weight: 7.43g). General working is recognisable on the dorsal and ventral. The bulb of percussion is no longer visible on the ventral, but some ripples or 'lunettes' are still visible running down the flint's length. There are smaller worked areas along the left side of the ventral. Part of the core is still visible at one end.

WMID-A8F2D4: WEIGHT
A possible cast lead weight of a long conical shape (length: 25.5mm; diameter: 18.2mm; diameter of hole: 5.8mm; weight: 40.52g). A circular hole appears at either end of the artefact's length, and runs through the centre. It has no decoration and is crudely made. It is difficult to identify how old this artefact is. Generally, the possible weight's condition is slightly worn and fair.

WMID-A8C4A8: BROOCH
An incomplete fragment of a cast copper alloy brooch of Colchester derivative Polden Hill (Mackreth Group 4, flat wing ends type, West Midlands), Mackreth 2011, 4.a-4.b, 4c, Plate 46. The top of the head and wings surviving (length: 16.8mm; width at wings: 21.6mm; thickness: 9.1mm; weight: 4.33g). There are slight appendages to either side of the head and the wings are short. The artefact is very corroded (particularly down the head), making it difficult to identify any other decoration. The brooch is broken just below the wings. No attachment mechanism survives at the back, and just a hollow cusp remains behind the wings. Little remains of the wing side lugs too. The artefact's condition is worn and poor. Some original patina remains on the sides of the head and wings, and is dark green/ brown in colour.

WMID-A5FB34: COIN
A struck/ hammered silver denarius of L. Caesi, minted at Rome in 112 or 111 BC (diameter: 22.1mm; thickness: 0.8mm; weight: 3.14g). Apollo is represented on the obverse with a monogram to the right depicting possibly 'Ap' (Crawford, 1974, page 312, ref no 298). The reverse depicts Lares Praestites seated facing with a dog in between. The bust of Vulcan with tongs over shoulder is just visible above the figures, as is part of the inscription below. The coin is slightly worn but in a fair condition. Michael H Craford, 1974, 'Roman Republican Coinage I & II', page 312 & plate XL, ref no 298/1.

WMID-A51A94: COIN
A struck/ hammered sterling imitation Edwardian penny minted in Yves by Gaucher of Chatillon (Florennes) between 1313-22 AD (diameter: 17.9mm; thickness: 0.5mm; weight: 1.05g). There is a crowned bust facing fowards on the obverse, with a long cross dividing the coin in four on the reverse. The coin is slightly worn but in a fair condition. Gaucher was constable of France and count of Porcien, holding the fief of Florennes by right of his wife Isabelle of Rumigny, whom he married in 1313 (N J Mayhew, 'Sterling Imitations of Edwardian Type', 1983, pages 93-100, types/ ref nos 237-50). [ed.cont]

WMID-2A0DE8: COIN
A heavily clipped silver struck/ hammered penny of the 14th/ 15th century, possibly of Edward IV (diameter: 13.2mm; thickness: 0.7mm; weight: 0.56g). The outline of a crowned bust can still be faintly seen on the obverse. None of the inscription survives done to clipping. On the reverse, there is a quatrefoil in the centre of the long corss, signifying that this was an episcopal mint, probably York. It is, however, impossible to gain anymore information from this coin.

WMID-296A42: BUCKLE
A heavily corroded cast copper alloy D- shaped buckle (length: 20.8mm; width: 32.2mm; thickness: 5.1mm; weight: 4.37g). The buckle has narrowed and offset strap bars as well as the pin still attached (which is in better condition than the rest of the artefact). There are slight projections out from the ends of the strap bar. Generally, the buckle is in a very worn and heavily corroded condition with large quantities of powdery bright bronze disease covering the surface on both sides. The pin is the best preserved feature of this buckle. Similar examples are illustrated in Ross Whitehead's 'Buckles: 1250-1800', page 19, which are dated between c. 1250-1500 AD.

WMID-2915A3: BELL
An incomplete cast copper alloy crotal bell (length: 29.3mm; diameter: 31.7mm; thickness: 1.1mm; weight: 15.80g). Only the top of the crotal bell remains with a square loop at the top. There are two holes (one of these is broken and larger than the other) below and to ither side of the loop. Part of the central rib is still visible, as well as remaining of a probable engraved/ incised 'sunburst' pattern underneath which would have originally spread round to the bottom of the artefact. Generally, the bell is in a worn but fair condition with a light green patina. This crotal bell probably dates to the 17th/ 18th century.

WMID-2667D2: FLAT AXEHEAD
A cast bronze broken blade fragment of a flat or palstave axehead (length: 26.1mm, width: 37.1mm; thickness: 7.3mm; weight: 24.32g). Most of the blade tip and cutting edge remains and does not curve round at the edges. One of the blade sides is intact until the break, but most of the blade side opposite has been broken at a slant down to near the blade tip. The artefact is in a worn but fair condition with only small traces of the original patina surviving. The surface of the axehead fragment is dark grey in colour. Flat axes appear in the Early Bronze Age (c. 2500-1400 BC) and then progress into the manufacture of palstave axes which mostly appear in the Middle Bronze Age (c. 2500-1400 BC), but still continue in use into the Later Bronze Age (c. 1400-700 BC). It is difficult to determine which type of axe this blade fragment belongs to.

WMID-D347E4: PALSTAVE
An incomplete cast bronze palstave axehead (length: 108.9mm; width at blade: 32.2mm; width at opposite septum end: 20.5mm; thickness at flange side: 20.1mm; weight: 200.53g). With only a small part of the septum, butt and some of the side loop missing, the axehead is otherwise complete, even though it is in a very badly corroded state. The flanges to either side of the septum are very slight (possibly also due to corrosion), as is the stop. There are remains of one side loop positioned at the stop. The blade is rather chunky in form without any indentations or ridges beyond the stop. The blade tip and cutting end only spans slightly. The general condition of the axehead is poor and corroded with only a few patches of the original dark green patina left near the stop and around the centre of the artefact. H. N. Savory (in 'Guide Catalogue of the Bronze Age Collections' [National Museum of Wales], 1980, page 46) adds that the transition to the general use of loops to help fastening the handles of axe-heads occurred at about the beginning of the Middle Bronze Age (c. 1250 BC) in Wales as well as in southern England with influences from the Continent. This axehead dates between 1450-700 BC.

WMID-D2A721: SPEARHEAD
A cast fragment of a copper alloy spearhead (length: 52.8mm; largest diameter at the probable shaft end: 13.7mm; smallest diameter at the blade end: 10.6mm; weight: 13.81g). Only this fragment of the socket remains with irregular breaks at both ends as well as a high degree of corrosion. On either side of the socket, the humped remains of two side loops are still visible. They are also of irregular size as one appears larger than the other (width: 5.9mm x 4.2mm). There is a similar example illustrated in Watson's 'Catalogue of British & European Prehistoric Metal in Birmingham City Museums', 1993, page 11, ref no 87, found in Kingsbury, Warwickshire. There are other examples in Susan M. Pearce's publication 'The Bronze Age Metalwork of South Western Britain', Part ii, 1983, found in numerous areas, but most notably Hambledon Hill, Hod Hill, Cheddar, near Blandford Camp and near Glastonbury. H. N. Savory in 'Guide Catalogue of the Bronze Age Collections', 1980, pages 49-51, adds that 'side-looped' spearheads were heavily produced in local North Wales industries with loops further up the socket in comparison with previous examples as well as having leaf-shaped blades. These spearheads were also popular in southern England. This example may have had a short stabbing blade (mostly likely to date to the Middle Bronze Age I between c. 1450-1250 BC) or a longer weapon (mostly likely to date to the Middle Bronze Age II period between c. 1250-1050 BC).

WMID-D23F03: AXE HAMMER
A stone perforated implement or 'axe hammer'/ 'battle axe' (length: approx 184mm; width: 86.1mm; thickness/ side section taken at widest point at blade: 73mm; weight: unknown as exceeds the limits of the scales). The sides have nearly parallel faces with a slightly weathered blade tip and rounded butt at the opposite end. There is a significant indentation at the rounded butt end, which could have been caused by breakage or weathering. The surface of this feature is smooth. Additionally, there are a couple of probably recent scratch marks along the sides. The drilled and smooth perforation nearer the rounded butt end is slightly 'hour-glass' in shape, necessary for the hafting of the tool. The artefact is in a slightly weathered but fair condition. As well as suggesting that these large artefacts could have been used as agricultural or mining tools, H. N. Savory (in 'Guide Catalogue of the Bronze Age Collections [National Museum of Wales], 1980, pages 36-38, 161-164 adds that these artefacts seem to be confined to the Bronze Age in Wales, even though few of them have been found in reliable association with datable objects. The simplest forms have ben found in association with long-necked Beakers in certain burials in England. Even thought he Welsh examples were sometimes found accompanying burials in round cairns, they have not been found with Beakers. 'Axe hammers' generally date to the Early Bronze Age, dating between 2500-1450 BC.

WMID-97B5F1: PIN
A probable cast copper alloy hair pin (length: 13.1mm; diameter: 12mm; weight: approximately 6.80g as there is also blue tack attached to the bottom). A slightly conical or acorn-shaped head with four incised lines running to the sides. The pin head has a rounded top at one end but becomes narrow at the base where the main pin shank would have been. This artefact is in a slightly worn but fair condition. Of probable Roman date, this pin head is similar to others illustrated in Nina Crummy's 'Colchester Archaeological Report 2: The Roman small finds from excavations in Colchester 1971-9', 1983, pages 28-31. Most examples in Crummy's report date to the 2nd century AD, but a wider date range should introduced for this artefact.

WMID-978085: BEAD
Two circular glass beads, one of a dark blue colour; the other turquoise (general diameter: 8.5-9mm; thickness: 7-7.5mm; general diameter of hole in centre: 3-3.5mm; weight: unknown as beads as fastened inside a box). Both beads are generally the same size. It is notoriously difficult to date glass beads, but both of these artefacts will probably date from the Roman- Saxon period. It is nearly impossible to suggest a more specified date.

A struck/ hammered copper alloy Roman coin (diameter: 21mm; thickness: 1.2mm; weight: 1.60g). The coin is very worn and in an extremely corroded condition. A figure standing in the centre on the reverse is only just visible. It is therefore difficult to tell anymore information from the coin, particularly when it was minted.

WMID-96FCD2: COIN
A copper alloy struck/ hammered possible dupondius, minted during the 1st / early 2nd century AD (diameter: 21.8mm; thickness: 2.9mm; weight: 5.17g). A laureate unbearded bust faces right with a very faint inscription around the outer edge. There is very little detail on the reverse that is still visible, apart from a vague figure standing in the centre. This coin is in a very worn and corroded condition and any further identification is impossible, apart from suggesting that the coin is pre-Hadrian due to the lack of a beard on the Emperor.

WMID-96A1C6: VESSEL
Eight wheel-thrown sherds of Samian pottery of varying sizes, but with an overall weight of 77.81g. There are five rim sherds, two body sherds and one fragment of the base/ platform low and flat dish. All of the sherds are worn and in poor condition, with only slight traces of the glossy coat surviving on a few. One of the body sherds has worn decoration on it but the fragment is so small, no more detail can be given. Three of the rim sherds have a particular lighter fabric/ fill from the others which have a dark orange colour. These other shedrs have a fabric ranging from creamy/ off-white to light creamy orange.

WMID-961AC8: COIN
A silver struck/ hammered cut halfpenny, minted either in John's reign during 1205-1210 AD (Class 5) or in Henry III's reign between 1210-17 AD (Class 6) (diameter:17.8mm; width from cut centre to outer edge: 9.1mm; thickness: 0.2mm; weight: 0.61g). On the obverse of the coin, most of the bust is visible facing fowards with either two or three rounded curls to the side of the face. Quite characteristically, there is a long pointed wedge protruding from the back of the 'R' in the inscription, which is only partly visible. On the reverse, the moneyer is probably Walter, but the mint is unknown. The coin is slightly worn but in a fair condition.

WMID-9521F5: WEIGHT
Two probable cast lead weights of oblong shape with crudely shaped loops at one end of different sizes. One of the weights (length: 52.1mm; width: 21mm; thickness: 15.9mm; weight: 72.10g) has a rib/ border around the outer edge with a prominent and protruding ridge down the centre on both sides. The loop is bent backwards. On the other weight (length: 62.3m; width: 23.4mm; thickness: 11.6mm; weight: 76.81g), there are two crudely incised lines of varying thickness and depth on each side. The loop at one end is larger than the other example and is faintly diamond-shaped. These artefacts are slightly worn but in a fair condition.

WMID-940EC4: MOUNT
A cast lead lion's head (diameter: 35.9mm; thickness: 2.9mm; weight: 67.03g). All of the lion's facial features are clearly visible with round ringlets bearing incised lines to mark the mane around the face, two distinctly prominent curved eyebrows, two large annulet eyes as well as a large protruding nose (which makes the thickness of the artfact as wide as it is) with mouth underneath. There is slight iron corrosion on the nose and part of the mane. The back of the artefact is uneven but mostly flat with no decoration. There is a fair amount of iron corrosion on the back, possibly indicating a fitting or attachment , particularly if this was used as a type of mount. The artefact is in a slightly worn but fair condition with a dark grey/ green patina. A similar bronze lion's head mount is illustrated in Barry Cunliffe's 'Excavations at Fishbourne: Volume II: The Finds', 1971, page 117-8, fig 48, ref no 125). This terminal had 'originally been attached by means of an iron shank set into it, but only the much-corroded stump survives'. Another example is illustrated in Bushe-Fox's 'Fourth Report on the Excavations of the Roman Fort at Richborough, Kent', 1949, plate XLIV & page 139, Ref no 168, which has been dated between c. 275-300 AD.

WMID-93B2F2: TOILET ARTICLE
A cast copper alloy terminal of a possible spoon probe (length: 43.3mm; diameter: 6mm; weight: 7.50g) with heavily grooved neck terminals and ridge and groove decoration/ spool-and-reel moulding. At what seems to be the unbroken end, there is a small section of spiralling grooves near the tip. The artefact is in a slightly worn but fair condition with a dark brown patina. This possible probe is very similar in decroation and shape to other spoon probes illustrated in Nina Crummy's 'Colchester Archaeological Report 2: The Roman small finds from exacavtions in Colchester 1971-9', pages 60-1, ref no 1927, which dates from 60/1 AD -c. 275 AD.

WMID-935475: HARNESS FITTING
A probable incomplete cast flanged terret (length: 45.8mm; width: 23mm; thickness at lip: 6.9mm; weight: 17.29g). Of crescent shape, this probable terret has the remains of a continuous scroll-pattern with red enamel surviving in places inside the scroll loops as well as outside in the La Tene style, noted in Bushe-Fox's 'Fourth Report on the Excavations of the Roman Fort at Richborough, Kent, 1949, as the 'champleve technique'. There is a slight lip/ rim protruding out from the front of the artefact at the bottom below the scroll-work and cresent platform, forming a border for what seems to be a circular opening or hole through which the attachments for the probable terret could have been fixed. There is a large amount of wear and tear or corrosion on the artefact, particularly long the outer edges as well as along the protruding lip/ rim. There is no decoration on the back of the object, leading J D Hill of the British Museum to suggest that it may not be a flanged terret as this would be decorated on both sides. Generally, the artefact is in a worn and poor condition. with some areas of bronze disease along the edges as well as having a dark green/ black patina in places. A very similar and complete flanged terret is illustrated in Bushe-Fox, plate 1, ref no 2 & page 106. The artwork on the terret is similar but it has the addition of small circular insets of opaque blue glass in the centre of the heads of the bronze scrolls. According to Bushe-Fox, other similar examples have ben found at Bapchild, Kent; the Thames at Runnymede; Auchendolly, Dumfries; Colchester and at Westhall, Suffolk. Examples have also been found in Egypt and France. With the exception of Scotish and foreign examples, the distrubution of these flanged terrets is confined to the south-east of England, and the terrets may be accepted as fine examples of native Belgic craftsmanship (Bushe-Fox, page 106). The artefact probably dates to the 1st century AD.

WMID-2E3B71: VESSEL
A rim sherd of wheel-thrown Roman mortaria (38.4mm x 42.4mm; thickness: 15.9mm; weight: 28.13g). The fabric is an off-white/ creamy white colour which has been fairly well fired as the material is hard. There are frequent inclusions, particularly black grit.

WMID-2C4C32: VESSEL
One sherd of wheel-thrown mortaria with a rolling and hooked flange (52.2mm x 55.1mm; thickness at flange: 23.3mm; weight: 43.14g). The fabric has been fired to a fairly high temperature and has a creamy-white colour with a few black and red grit inclusions in the fill. This sherd is similar to examples of mortaria produced in Mancetter-Hartshill between the mid 2nd to early 4th centuries. Many kilns producing this pottery has been excavated along the Warwickshire/ Leicestershire border. The ware's distribution was extensive in Midlands and the north during this period. Reference: Paul Tyers, 'Roman Pottery in Britain', 1996, pages 123-4, fig 119, ref no 4.

WMID-2BAF31: VESSEL
Five sherds of wheel-thrown domestic grey ware pottery, dating to the Roman period (collective weight: 77.07g). Four rim sherd with a variety of thickness at the rim ranging from 5-17mm. One body sherd with a thickness of 5.8mm. The smallest rim sherd has three-ribbed decoration at the top, but this is the only piece with decoration. All sherds have a dark grey fillwith sparse inclusions. The general condition of these sherds is slightly worn and fair.

WMID-2B20A1: PIN
A incomplete cast copper alloy probable hair pin (length: 33.3mm; diameter/ circular section: 5mm; weight: 2.62g). Decorated with a spherical head and two collars underneath, these is a rather simple probable hair pin. Below the last collar, the remains of the shank continue for 19.6mm until it breaks at a slant. Generally, the probable pin is in a worn and poor condition with areas of bronze disease around the head, collars and at the break. The artefact has a dark green/ brown patina. Similar artefacts are illustrated in Nina Crummy's 'Colchester Archaeological Report 2: The Roman small finds from excavations in Colchester 1971-9', 1983, pages 28-9. These finds also have the same decoration at the head of the pin, and mostly date from the 2nd/ 3rd century AD.

WMID-2A5936: BROOCH
An incomplete cast copper alloy brooch (length: 32mm; width at knobs: 18.4mm; thickness at hinge mechanism: 8.1mm; weight: 4.16g). With less than half the brooch probably missing, the artefact is most similar to long plate brooches or equal-ended brooches, dating mainly to the 2nd century AD. To one end of the brooch, a corroded terminal with possible remains of white enamel inside a cavity protrudes by 8.9mm out from the hinged mechanism on the back which would have originally held the spring and pin of the brooch. Below this terminal, there is a series of three ribs, which seem to mark the point where the bow of the brooch tapers outwards till it reaches two small and corroded circular knobs opposite each other and to either side of the bow, which protrude out from the front by 4mm. The bow then tapers back to a more narrow point until it breaks 9mm from what would probably be the centre. There is no other decoration along the bow of the brooch. The side lugs of the hinge mechanism are all that remains on the back of the brooch with a gap in between where the pin would have originally been attached. Generally, the brooch is a worn but fair condition with small areas of bronze disease, particularly where the terminal protrudes out over the hinge mechanism. The artefact has a fairly smooth dark brown patina. There are equal-ended brooches illustrated in Hattatt’s ‘Brooches of Antiquity’, page 205, fig 64 & page 211, fig 65, which have similar features such as the protruding terminal past the hinged mechanism and lugs/ knobs to either side of the artefacts. Additionally, long plate brooches illustrated in Hattatt’s ‘Brooches of Antiquity’, page 155, fig 64 also have these features.

WMID-28FC66: ARROWHEAD
A cast bronze arrowhead, possibly dating to the late Bronze Age between c. 1800-700 BC (length: 51.4mm; width: 15.8mm; thickness: 10.3mm; diameter of socket: 11.1mm; weight: 16.05g). Even though the artefact is badly corroded and broken at tip and socket, the fairly prominent midrib with blade wings are still visible. The artefact has a circular socketed shaft which is open into the hollow cavity of the head. As well as general amounts of corrosion, there is a significant amount of bronze disease present in the bottom of the hollow shaft. There is also a small hole along the line of the midrib halfway down the blade. The possible arrowhead has a dark green/ brown patina. Bronze arrowheads dating to this period are extremely rare in Britain, with one found as part of a hoard in Penard, Wales (Savory, 1980, oage 57) as well as possible arrowheads found on the Isle of Portland, Sussex, Yorkshire, Montgomeryshire and another on display in Norwich Museum. Bronze arrowheads seem to appear more regularly in France where they were first manufactured in the Middle Bronze Age, in the Paris basin and the west-central area (Savory, page 57).

A wheel-thrown sherd fragment from a 15th/ 16th century pitcher handle, classified as Midlands Purple type (length: 78mm; width: 55.2mm; thickness: 21.1mm; weight: 78.91g). The sherd has a dark grey fill and is glazed on the outside only. Midlands Purple wares were were covered with a lead glaze coloured with iron which mirated from the clay body, giving a brown, black or purplish glaze. Earlier Midlands Purple ware is usually undecorated. The ware originated in the late Medieval period in the late 15th/ 16th century. It was produced at several centres throughout the Midlands, most notably in Staffordshire (Burslem & Wednesbury), Warwickshire (Chilvers Coton for early material) and Derbyshire (Ticknall). This pottery sherd particularly resembles pottery discovered as part of excavations at Chilvers Coton (see Mayes & Scott, 'Pottery Kilns at Chilvers Coton, Nuneaton', 1984). At some sites, glazes were in various shades of green and brownish-green with good coverage. Some broad strap handles had slashed centres and occasional stabbing (page 53).

WMID-189E65: HARNESS FITTING
An incomplete cast copper alloy strap loop (length: 31.2mm; width: 12.9mm; thickness: 4.1mm; weight: unknown as the artefact is fastened to a box). The strap loop has been broken just as it completes the curve round to the backplate, wher it tapers off to a more narrow point, but still slightly domed in section. As the loop continues round to the front, it tapers outwards slightly to form a double rivetted head, where only one probable iron rivet remains intact. The artefact is broken around one edge of a rivet hole as well as across the top. There are also two crudely incised concentric circles around each of the rivet holes. The rivetted end is more flatter in section than the rest of the loop. Generally, the artefact is in a poor but fair condition with much of the original dark green patina still remaining.

WMID-188C61: HARNESS FITTING
An incomplete cast copper alloy probable strap loop (length: 25.7mm; width: 11mm; thickness: 5.9mm; weight: unknown as the artefact is fastened inside a box). This strap loop has the remains of a back plate with a slihtly rounded section. As the plate curls around to the front, it tapers outwards slightly before becoming more narrow with a flat section and circular end with a rivet hole through the centre. No rivet remains. The loop does not seem to have any decoration and is in a generally bad and corroded condition with little of the original patina remaining, which now appears patchy green/ brown in colour. This artefact is similar to junction loops that were found attached to junction phalera in Newstead (as illustrated in Bishops & Coulston's 'Roman Military Equipment', 1993, page 121, no 81), which date to the 2nd century AD. This artefact is also similar to WMID-1653B3.

WMID-179185: HARNESS FITTING
An incomplete cast copper alloy strap loop or harness fitting (length: 33.1mm; width: 11mm; thickness: 26mm; weight: unknown as artefact fastened inside a box). The strap loop is broken at one end where it has been 'pinched'/ becomes narrow. It then curls round to the front and the flat section becomes more rounded before it reaches another 'pinched' area. There is a domed platform after this second narrow area, and then it seems that the artefact had broken. There is no indication of rivets on the artefact. Generally, the artefact is in a poor and corroded condition. There is one area in the centre of the curve where the strap is incredibly worn, possibly from usage? The strap loop has a patchy green/ brown patina. There are similar examples illustrated in a number of books. Firstly, there have been examples found in Colchester and illustrated in Crummy's 'Colchester Archaeological Report 2: The Roman small finds from excavations in Colchester 1971-9, 1983, page 132, ref nos 4200-4202. Additionally, examples are found at Hod Hill and are illustrated in Brailsford's 'Hod Hill (Volume One): Antiquities from Hod Hill in the Dureden Collection', page 2, fig 2, ref nos A30-2. Others have also been found at Camerton and are illustrated in Jackson's 'Camerton: The Late Iron Age and Early Roman Metalwork', pages 34-5, plate 6, ref nos 63-5.

WMID-167BB2: HARNESS FITTING
An incomplete fragment of a cast copper alloy probable strap union link or bridle fitting (length: 28mm; width: 14.1mm; thickness; 7mm; weight: unknown as artefact is fastened inside a box). This fitting curves back on itself with part of the back plate surviving (which tapers of to a broken point), which curls round to form the front arm which extends out into a slightly wider and rounder platform before being broken directly underneath. There are no rivet remains on this incomplete fragment. Generally, this artefact is in a poor and corroded condition with a patchy green/ brown patina. There is a similar example illustrated in J W Brailsford's 'Hod Hill (volume One): Antiquities from Hod Hill in the Dureden Collection', 1962, page 2 & fig 2, Ref no A31. This artefact is similar to WMID-1653B3.

WMID-1653B3: HARNESS FITTING
An incomplete cast copper alloy probable strap union link (length: 44.1mm; width: 12.2mm; thickness: 5.7mm; weight: unknown as artefact fastened to box). A slightly curved arm (which is broken as it tapers inwards) which curls round to the front, tapering outwards slightly before reaching an indented ridge, which may be an indication of wear and tear with two possibly corroded ribs underneath. The artefact then narrows before speading outwards into a flatter-sectioned circular extension/ outer plate, which is slightly bossed around one rivet hole in the centre. The extension/ plate then tapers off to form a flat-sectioned point. Generally, the artefact is in a worn and slightly corroded condition, with specific corrosion around the edges and along the curved arm. A similar example is illustrated in Ralph Jackson's 'Camerton: the Late Iron Age & Early Roman Metalwork'. This example has two rivet holes in comparison to one, but the basic design and shape is the same (pages 35-6, Plate 6, Ref no 64). Jackson states that 'this type of link is commonly found among Roman cavalry harness trappings'. There are examples of strap loops and unions illustrated in Nina Crummy's 'Colchester Archaeoligcal Report 2: The Roman small finds from excavations in Colchester 1971-9', 1983, page 132; J W Brailsford 'Hod Hill(Volume One): Antiquities from Hod Hill in the Durden Collection', 1962, page 2 & fig 2 as well as examples from Newstead. This artefact is similar to WMID-167BB2.

WMID-156297: SEAL BOX
An incomplete cast copper alloy seal box lid (length: 24.7mm; width: 17.1mm; thickness: 1.1mm; weight: 1.33g). A lozenge/ diamond shaped lid with twenty-five cells forming a grid pattern on the front surface, this artefact has been described by James Tongue in 'Seal Boxes from Britain: A Morphological review' (Lucerna Newsletter 27, january 2004) as a type from Group L (Lozenge/ Diamond). Tongue describes this type as being highly decorated with the corners sometimes having extending lugs/ knobs. He also adds that 'by far the most common design is that of a lattice that creates 25 enamelled cells, variously coloured to form a pattern'. However, it is unlikely that this example ever had additional lugs/ knobs. Even though the four corners are badly worn and corroded, one is more intact than the others and gives no indication of haveing this feature. There also seems to be remains of white enamel in most of the cells. apart from four in the centre forming a square design. The lid is slightly lipped on the back to form a box and attach to the now missing bottom of the seal. Generally, the artefact is in a poor and corroded condition. The lid also has a small hole near one of the four corners. There are also small areas of bronze disease around the edges. It is difficult to idenfity the artefact's original patina due to the corrosion and possible coating of a substance. A large majority of the Group L seal boxes distribution comprises those recorded by the Portable Antiquities Scheme, with a noticeably high number in rural area, particularly in Lincolnshire, Worcestershire, Warwickshire & Suffolk. Most of the seal boxes are found in central and eastern England, with the exception of one founf on the English/ Scottish border. Otther similar examples have been found at South Shields, as illustrated in Allason-Jones & Miket, 'The Catalogue of small finds from South Shields Roman Fort', 1984, pages 152-154, Rf nos 376-7.

WMID-04DFE7: STIRRUP
A cast copper alloy stirrup strap mount, classified by David Williams as a Class A, Type 1 (length: 46.1mm; width: 29.2mm; thickness at centre: 4.1mm; thickness at base: 9.1mm; weight: 26.87g). A very corroded but complete (except the rivets) example of what is a common type of mount. The pointed tip at the top of the mount still has the apex loop (diameter: 3.2mm) beneath as well as two slight triangular pointed projections to either side. Half way down the mount, there are two more larger pointed projections opposite even other. Additonally, another two smaller pointed tips protrude out from the sides opposite each other near the base and just above the two rivet holes (diameter: 2.9mm) near the base. Neither of the rivets (which were originally probably made of iron) remain. The flange is Type A: the common right angle flange, as classified by Williams, 1997, 25. There is no visible decoration on the front or back of the mount. It may not have been decorated, and if it was, it may have only been engraved. The front surface is also too worn to identify any markings. Generally, the mount is in a poor and corroded condition with a patchy dark green-red patina. Only traces of the original patina survive on the front. The Class A mounts are mainly pentagonal in form and each usually have an individual design by either engraving or punching into the surface. Sixty-two Type 1 mounts are illustrated in Williams, 1997 and most of the best examples come from southern England. A general distribution sweeps from the south west of England up to North Lincolnshire. There is also a large concentration in Norfolk and Suffolk. This example dates to the 11th century AD.

A struck/ hammered copper alloy probable dupondius of 1st/ early 2nd century AD date (diameter: 28mm; thickness: 3.5mm; weight: 9.95g). The general condition of the coin is poor with extensive corrosion around the edges, particularly on the obverse. The bust is still visisble on the obverse but only a few worn letters of the inscription survive. Therefore, this makes it difficult to identify the emperor. The reverse is slightly more detailed with two captives seated left and right of a trophy composed of a cuirass, shields and other objects. Similar reverses have are illustrated on coins minted by Vespasian, Titus and Trajan in Mattingly's 'Coins of the Roman Empire in the British Museum Volumes II & III.

WMID-FF8347: JETTON
A struck/ hammered copper alloy 16th/ early 17th century Nuremburg jetton (diameter: 24.8mm; thickness: 1.3mm; weight: 4.37g). A 'Lion of Saint Mark' jetton with imperial orb surrounded by a tressure with annulets, this jetton may have been minted by a few guild masters. These jettons appear in Mitchiner's 'The Medieval Period and Nuremburg: Volume One' firstly as examples of anonymous issues where there are fictitous legends on the obverse and reverse, dating between 1500-1570 (pages 359-364). Secondly, this jetton may have been minted by Hans Schultes I between 1553-1584 (pages 396-398). Additionally, it may have been minted later by Hans Schultes II between 1586-1603 (page 406) or Egidius Krauwinckel between 1570-1613 (page 419). However, as much of the legend on both sides has corroded away or are very worn, it is impossible to identify the jetton any further. The artefact's general condition is poor and corroded. Additionally, the original patina of the jetton seems to have been lost as the surface seems to be coated with a substance, making it more difficult to see the details.

WMID-FE1E53: COIN
A struck/ hammered silver Scottish twenty pence of Charles I, minted as part of the third coinage between 1637-1642 AD (diameter: 16mm; thickness: 0.2mm; weight: 0.43g). The coin is generally quite worn but in a fair condition with the thistle still visible in the centre of the reverse. Although the coin is broken in two halves, some of the inscription (particularly on the reverse) is still visible.

WMID-EC0BF4: BUCKLE
A cast copper alloy double loop oval buckle (length: 40mm; width: 37mm; thickness: 3.9mm; weight: 11.68g) with slightly visible remains of moulded decoration, particularly with a collar and arches at either end of the strap bar. A large part of one side of the buckle has broken off. The pin is still present but loosely attached. The general condition of the buckle is poor and corroded with deterioration all over, especially bronze disease on the pin and around the frame. Similar examples are illustrated in Ross Whitehead's 'Buckles 1250-1800', 1996, pages 66-7. Whitehead has suggested a date between c. 1550-1650, but a broader date range of c. 1550-1700 AD should be given.

WMID-AFAD62: BUCKLE
A cast copper alloy shoe or knee buckle with drilled frame for separate spindle(length: 30.1mm; width: 20.4mm; thickness: 3.4mm; weight: 4.95g). The buckle has some decoration with slightly concave bifid sides with a moulded knop in the centre of each side. The artefact also has rounded ends and a complete copper alloy stud or anchor chape with cast copper alloy pin. On the back of the stud, the letters 'BoT' appear. These may have been intials or another type of abbreviation. Generally, the buckle is in a slightly worn but fair condition with small amounts of iron corrosion appearing around the strap bar. Similar examples are illustrated in Ross Whitehead's 'Buckles: 1250-1800', pages 98-9.

WMID-AEA8C1: AMPULLA
A cast lead ampulla, broken in two (length: 52.9mm; width: 34.2mm; thickness: 14.9mm; weight: 30.37g). The badly damaged ampulla has a rounded bottom with a floral three armed design on one side with a bar through the middle and three pellets at either side, contained inside a beaded border. On the other side, there is some evidence of possible scroll design, but the artefact is too worn and corroded to tell. The neck becomes narrow and thin above the rounded bottom, but tapers of towards the mouth at the top. There is no evidence for side loops which would have enabled the flask to be suspended from the neck. Generally, this artefact is in a poor and corroded condition with a powdery surface. Similar examples are illustrated in Spencer's 'Pilgrim Souvenirs & Secular Badges' as part of Salisbury & South Wiltshire Museum's Medieval catalogue, pages 57-62 & 89-92. Spencer includes that 'ampullae or miniature phials were another important kind of pilgrim souvenir. Generally flask-shaped, but with a narrow, flattish section, they were designed to conatin a dose of the thaumaturgic water that was dispensed to pilgrims at many shrines and holy wells'. Pilgrim ampullae were well-used in England between 1350-1530 AD.

WMID-1A7AB1: UNIDENTIFIED OBJECT
A cast copper alloy semi-spherical fragment forming many sides, of which five are showing (44.2mm x 40.3mm; thickness or metal: 1.3mm; weight: 22.65g). It is very likely that this object was originally rounded in form. It is possible that this artefact may be an extension or fitting for furniture or a door handle? It probably dates from the late Medieval to post-medieval periods. The artefact is in a slightly worn but fair condition with a dark grey/ black patina.

WMID-19FAB3: UNIDENTIFIED OBJECT
A cast lead ingot with what appears to be sandstone embedded in the centre of the flattened side (diameter: 67.2mm; thickness: 28.8mm; weight: exceeds more than 2000g). The artefact is slightly domed on one side, whilst flat on the other. It has been cast but the surface of the lead is extremely crude and lumpy with areas of grit and crystallized matter embedded in the surface. The sandstone in the flattened side is of roughly sub-angular shape (34.2mm x 32.1mm). It is unclear how far the sandstone continues down into the lead, or to what its purpose is. It is likely that the artefact may be a weight, but there are no attachment hooks for it to be used as a fishing weight etc. This artefact cannot be dated or identified.

WMID-186251: PADLOCK
A cast copper alloy padlock case and bolt (length: 44.5mm; width: 31.1mm; thickness: 9.8mm; weight: 14.38g), complete except for the back plate. The case has a slightly irregular and rounded lozenge shape with a wavy, long circular keyhole along one side. The front of the padlock case is decorated with three uneven ring-and-dot motifs down the opposite side of the padlock case to the keyhole. There may be more of these motifs, but there is a large amount of corrosion down the centre of the front plate making it difficult to recognise. Below the keyhole, there is a rivet or pin attached which protrudes by approximately 7.5mm from the reverse of the front plate. This may have originally been used to pin the front and back plates together. The lozenge-shaped case has four lugs or features projecting outwards from each of the rounded points along the outer edge. One at the bottom seems to be a slightly damaged knob with two indentations making it seem like an animal's face. At the top, the U-shaped bolt protrudes upwards and round with a small hole to one side, before tapering to a point and passing through one of the pierced loops to the right side of the case. The bolt leaves the top of the case with a rectangular section (width: 5.4mm) and then becomes circular in section as it tapers (diameter: 3.1mm). There is another pierced loop on the left side of the case, which has an unknown use apart from possible decoration. Part of the bolt also continues inside the case. This extension has a rectangular section and is approximately 18mm long. There is other possible decoration, particularly along the bolt. Incised lines are present at intervals. The padlock and case are in a slightly worn and corroded but fair condition, with a dark green-black patina. Similar examples have been found, with LIN-659943 also of lozenge shape. Four circular-cased examples have been identified. Two of these were found in Suffolk (SF-D15B95 and SF9032) and dated to the medieval period and the 18th century respectively; another came from the Isle of Wight (IOW-39B332) and Roman parallels have been quoted for this. The other is illustrated in The Searcher, May 2001, page 59, and has been dated to the 'Saxon' period with no clear evidence. Margeson in 'Norwich Households: Medieval and Post-Medieval Finds from Norwich Survey Excavations, 1971-78', 1993, clearly states that these padlocks with hinged shackles and mechanisms derived from locks rather than barrel locks, were introduced into England at the end of the medieval period and gained widespread use during the post-medieval period. A box padlock illustrated in the book was found in the 1507 fire deposits on Pottergate. Other padlocks were also found in the similar datable contexts at Winchester (Margeson, pages 156-7, Fig 115, Ref no 1240). Therefore, this example would probably date from 1600-1800 AD.

A struck/ hammered silver penny of Edward I (diameter: 19mm; thickness: 0.9mm; weight: 1.34g). This coin has ben classified as a Class 2 (see Wren, 'The English Long Cross Pennies 1279-1489: Edward I to Henry VII', 1995, page 64 & North, 'English hammered Coinage: Volume 2: Edward I to Charles II: 1272-1662', 1991, page 28). North dates the minting of Class 2 in London between January to May 1280. There are particular charcteristics present which identify the coin as belonging to this class. These include wedge-shaped abbreviation marks after the 'R' and 'L' on the obverse, barred 'A's and reverse barred 'N's. The coin is in a slightly worn but fair condition with all detail visible. [Ed.02]

A struck/ hammered silver penny of Edward I (diameter: 18.5mm; thickness: 0.7mm; weight: 1.37g). The coin has been classified as a Class 10cf (see Wren, 'The English Long Cross Pennies 1279-1489: Edwrad I to Henry VII', 1995, pages 75-6 & North, 'English Hammered Coinage: Volume 2: Edward I to Charles II: 1272-1662', 1991, pages 31-4). The coin was minted in London between 1305-1310 AD. The coin is in a slightly worn but fair condition and most of the detail is clearly visible. [Ed.10cf]

A struck/ hammered silver clipped penny of Henry VI, minted between 1422-7 (diameter: 15mm; thickness: 0.6mm; weight: 0.66g). Identified as part of the Annulat Coinage in this period, the annulets either side of the neck are a charcteristic only used by Henry VI and illustrate that the coin was minted in Calais, particuarly as 'AL' can still be seen in the reverse's legend. There are also annulets at the centre of the pellets in two of the reverse quarters. Additionally, there are two small crosses or saltires on the reverse too as a distinguishing mark.

WMID-05D2C8: COIN
A struck/ hammered silver cut half penny of Richard, minted between 1189-1191 AD (length: 18.9mm; width: 9mm; thickness: 0.8mm; weight: 0.58g). Classified as a Class 2 in Wren's 'The Short Cross Coinage 1180-1247: Henry II to Henry III', page 46. Characterisitcally, there are three curls each side of the face on the obverse. The coin was minted by Tvrkil in York. The coin is in aslightly worn but fair condition, with most of the detail still visible.

A struck/ hammered silver short cross penny (diameter: 18mm; thickness: 0.7mm; weight: 1.42g). Classified as Class 6a1 by Wren in 'The Short Cross Coinage 1180-1247: Henry II to Henry III', 1992, page 55), this type of coin was mainly minted by John, but partly into Henry III reign between c.1208-1217/8. This particular coin was minted in London. The coin is in a slightly worn but fair condition with all detail clearly visible.

A struck/ hammered silver voided long cross penny of Henry III, minted by the moneyer Nicole in London, 1248 AD (diameter: 16.7mm; thickness: 0.7mm; weight: 1.16g). Classified as a Class IIa in Wren, 'The Voided Long Cross Coinage 1247-1279', 1993 and North, 'English Hammered Coinage: Volume I', 1980. Characteristically for this class, the 'X' is formed from one straight and one curved limb as well have having the obverse inscription 'HENRICVS REX TERCI', which only appears on Class II. coins. The coin is in a slightly worn but fair condition, with all detail visible. [l-c2]

WMID-019567: SCABBARD
A cast copper alloy scabbard chape of rounded 'V' shape (length: 31.1mm; width: 31mm; thickness/ depth of overall chape: 16mm; thickness of metal: 2.7mm; weight: 14.11g). Of an openworked design, the chape has four identical cavities copied on both sides that have been cut out. The top two are in an upside and back-to-front 'L' shape; the bottom two of a comma type shape. There is sporadic and uneven ring and dot decoration distributed all over the artefact, but there is an organised line of this decoration particularly on the outer edges of the rounded 'V' shape of the chape as well as along the top on both sides. Additionally, again on both sides, there is a small drilled hole (diameter: 2.1mm) in the centre across the top of the artefact. This may have been for attachment to the scabbard by rivets or fasteners? On one side, there has been two breaks in the openwork design, which seems to be old damage. Overall, the chape is in a slightly worn but fair condition with a dark green patina. A similar example is illustrated in Nigel Mills 'Saxon & Viking Artefacts', 2001, page 101, Ref no V281. This illustrated example was found around South Humberside and has been dated to the 10th century. Even though this other chape is larger, has a more pointed bottom, larger amount of openwork design and has a human figure depicted in the centre, the overall style remains similar.

WMID-F0CE58: BUCKLE
A cast copper alloy annular buckle (diameter of frame: 45.9mm; thickness of frame section: 5mm; length of pin: 51.5mm; width of pin: 5.1mm; weight: 36.59g). A large undecorated annular frame with the pin still attached with the hooked end curled over the frame. There is a rectangular-shaped raised platform (just after the pin straightens out) with small incised multiple crossing lines. This is the only decoration on the buckle. The end of the pin tapers of slightly and there is a groove on the underside, probably to help the pin rest on the frame. It may also be due to wear and tear. Overall, the buckle is in a slightly worn but fair condition with a smooth dark green-brown patina. Similar examples are illustrated in Egan & Pritchard's 'Dress Accessories: Medieval Finds from Excavations in London', pages 57-8, Fig 36, Ref nos 31, 32, 36 & 38. All these examples have been dated from 1350-1400 AD.

WMID-F03B23: MOUNT
A cast copper alloy plate fragment of a possible mount (length: 53.9mm; width: 71.9mm; thickness: 1mm; weight: 13.79g). Of probably of rectangular/ square shap originally, this fragment has three slits (average length: 5mm; width: 0.8mm along the longest edge as well as another down one of the sides which still has a roughly square headed rivet still intact inside. Another lose rivet was found and has been kept with the plate fragment. The plate has broken underneath the intact rivet and there an unven break to the other side. One side of the plate in particular has numerous scratch and wear marks on the surface, but it is difficult to assess whether it is old or recent damage. The fragment has been slightly bend in the centre as well as at one of the sides. There is no decoration. The artefact is in a worn and damaged, but fair condition with a dark green-black patina. There is greater amounts of corrosion at the sides and rivet slots. A similar example is illustrated in Clark's 'The Medieval Horse and its Equipment: Medieval Finds from Excavations in London', 1995, pages 63-4, Fig 47, Ref no 54. This example is also rectangular in shape with two plates fastened together by small square rivets at corners. It is the back plate with no decoration that is similar. As well as this find from London, another double-plate pendant was found at Dorset. The London example has been dated stylistically from the knight's costume on the front of the plate as 13th century (Clark, page 63).

WMID-EE9FA1: HARNESS MOUNT
A cast and flat copper alloy circular harness bridle boss or mount (diameter: 81.6mm; thickness: 1.8mm; weight: 55.12g). There are four rivet holes placed on the boss/ mount to form a square. Two of these holes still have intact iron rivets with a high concentration of corrosion around one of them. In the centre, there is a shield-shaped raised platform with a further raised border (length: 46mm; width: 38mm) with a heraldic design of a rampant lion facing left with tail outstretched behind and mouth open. Outside the shield platform, there is incised dotted decoration in the form of double-lined triangles radiating outwards towards the edge of the mount. Additionally, particularly around the edges of the mount, there are further incised zig-zag lines which continue all the way round in the recesses of the triangles. There are abundant remains of gilding on the upper surface of the mount/ boss, especially on the slopes of the raised shield platform in the centre. The back of the mount is plain of any decoration as this would have been the side that would not be seen. There is, however, a slight recess where the shield platform is raised on the other side. Overall, the artefact is in a worn and slightly corroded but fair condition with a dark green patina. There is only one area of damage where part of the mount has broken off at the bottom of the shield-shaped platform. A similar example is illustrated in P & E Saunders, 'Salisbury & South Wiltshire Museum: Medieval Catalogue', 1991, page 21 & 25, Fig 2, Ref no 10. Even though this similar example is a harness pendant and is square in shape, it still has the central shield-shaped platform with an identical rampant lion which still has traces of enamel on it, particularly around the face. It was found in the vicinity of Old Sarum and is dated to the 14th century. Other bridle bosses are also illustrated in Clark's 'The Medieval Horse and its Equipment: Medieval Finds from Excavations in London', 1995, pages 53-55, Fig 40. All examples date to the 14th/ 15th century and most have the characteristic four rivet holes for attachment.

WMID-EE1826: DIE
A slightly uneven cast lead die of three-dimensional cuboid shape (14.4mm x 14.5mm; weight: 30.92g). Each side shows a number from 1-6 that have been incised as single dots to a depth of approximately 1mm. There is one deep cut/ damage mark on the side with 5 dots. The die is in a slightly worn but fair condition. It is difficult to date dice as they appear in all periods, but Mills suggests that the more conventional Roman dice were made of bone or lead (see Mills, 'Celtic & Roman Artefacts', 2000, page 113, Ref no RB356). However, many examples of excavated dice from Roman sites such as Colchester, South Shields & Richborough, Kent have only yielded bone dice with ring and dot patterning on them to represent the numbers. Mills continues to note that Roman dice found in Britain can be poorly made and often have opposite sides that do not add up to 7 (page 113-4). They seems to be mostly the case with this example. 6 is opposite 1, but the other numbers do not add up. In his paper titled 'Dice' for the Finds Research Group 700-1700 datasheets, Geoff Egan does note that lead dice are very rare in the Early Medieval/ Medieval periods. Therefore, this example may probably date to the Roman period.

WMID-DC2B70: TOILET ARTICLE
A cast iron possible toilet set pick (length: 124.7mm; width at hooked/ curled end: 13.6mm; thickness of shank [sub-circular sectioned]: 5mm; weight: 13.07g). A long pick with a sub-circular sectioned curled head forming a loop or attachment head which then scrolls back out on itself. The other end tapers off slightly to form a pointed end. There is a large amount of general encrusted corrosion over the whole of the artefact, therefore possible indicating that the original artefact may have been smaller in section. The artefact is in a worn, corroded but fair condition with a rough, pitted orange/ brown patina. A similar example is illustrated in MacGregor & Bolick's 'A Summary Catalogue of the Anglo-Saxon Collections', 1993, page 217, Ref no 37.3. The longest artefact on this toilet set is identical in size and length to this iron example with the only differences being made of copper alloy and having a flattened section. The copper alloy example has been identified by MacGregor & Bolick as a 'pick, with a flattened, recurved head forming a wide loop; rectangular-section shank, rounded towards the tip'. The tolietry pick was found in Cambridgeshire and dates to the early Medieval period. Additionally, a less similar example can be illustrated in Bushe-Fox's 'Third Report on the Excavations of the Roman Fort at Richborough, Kent', 1932, page 80 & plate XI, Ref no 23. This example is described as a bronze pin with the head 'fashioned to represent a human hand holding a small ball between the thumb and forefinger'. Another example was also found at Wroxeter. The Richborough example does have a thick shank and the decorated end can form an attachment or loop. It has been dated to the 1st century AD.

WMID-DB9F65: STUD
A cast circular copper alloy stud/ fastener with remains of enamel on upper surface (diameter: 20mm; thickness: 3.5mm; length of shaft at back: 3.2mm; weight: 3.64g). A slightly convex stud with floral design on the upper face. Six petals surround a central ring of red enamel, within which would have originally held enamel, possibly white. The petals have intermittent coloured enamel in each of them: three with brightly surviving yellow, the other three with possible remains of white. Each petal is shaped like a droplet with pointed ends radiatting outwards. There is green enamel spreading around the petals and central features, with a border of red surrounding the outside. Additionally, there is some of the outer edge green enamel remaining in places. There is one single off-centre stud at the back of the artefact. This feature is very worn and corroded, therefore making it difficult to assess how long the original stud would have been. The fastener is in a slightly worn and corroded especially around the edges where some areas have broken away, but fair condition. Most of the enamel still remains and the colours are still very bright. There are a number of similar examples. Firstly, other enamelled studs and are illustrated in Crummy’s ‘Colchester Archaeological Report 2: The Roman small finds from excavations in Colchester 1971-9’, page 118, Fig 121, Ref no 3218 particularly. A bronze stud was also found during excavations at Richborough, Kent and is illustrated in Bushe-Fox’s ‘Fourth Report on the Excavations of the Roman Fort at Richborough, Kent, 1949, page 124 & plate XXXIV, ref no 79. The stud protruding out from the back of the artefact is much longer and the decoration is different, but the style is still similar. The Richborough example’s head is covered with a thin silver plate in which a geometric pattern has been cut and the interstices filled with niello. Finally, an example is illustrated in Mills ‘Celtic & Roman Artefacts’, pages 72-3, Ref no RC205. This example is of flat disc form with four petals in the centre of the mount, the field around them decorated with red enamel. This artefact has been dated to the 1st century AD.

WMID-DA3604: KEY (LOCKING)
A cast copper alloy key terminal/ head (length: 38mm; width: 39.5mm; thickness: 5.2mm; diameter of collar/ top of shank: 13.9mm; weight: 27.53g). The head itself is roughly lozenge/ diamond shaped with a cross in the centre cut struck through to the other side (length: 13.9mm; width: 17.4mm). On each of the four sides outside the cross and nearer the edge, there are cut rectangular grooves (approximate length: 8.1mm; width: 3.4mm) on back and front, which do not penetrate still through. There are integrally cast copper alloy knobs along the outer edge of the bow and to either side and in line with the horizontal arm of the openwork cross in the centre of the head. The collar/ top of shank has been separately added onto the openworked key head and has a bar across the diameter. The rest of the shank and bit are missing. Additionally, there may have been a loop at the top of the key head for suspension as this area seems broken. The key terminal is in a slightly worn but fair condition with a few small areas of probable bronze disease on both faces of the openworked head. The artefact has a dark green- brown patina. A very similar design was found at Aldgate and is now part of the Museum of London collection (see London Museums Catalogues: No 7, 1940, pages 140, plate XXIX, ref no 13). This type of key has been classified as a Type VI in the catalogue, and may be dated to the 14th and 15th centuries. Keys with suspension loops may specific date to the 15th century.

WMID-D7EAC7: COIN
A struck/ hammered silver penny of Edward I (diameter: 18mm; thickness: 0.8mm; weight: 1.18g). The coin can be classified as a Class 10cf, dating from 1301-1310 AD (North, 1991, pages 31-2), minted in Canterbury. Due to the crown on the obverse being particularly worn, it is difficult to identify the class of coin any further. Additionally, there is a break in the letter 'E' of 'EDWAR..' on the obverse which illustrates that the die may have been slightly broken when the coin was punched. The coins is in a worn but fair condition.

A struck/ hammered silver Edward III penny, dating between 1351-1361 AD, minted as part of his fourth coinage. The coin is broken in two and was originally bent when just in one piece, probably as a result of being deposited in the ground (diameter of two parts together: 18.9mm; thickness: 0.8mm; weight of two parts together: 1.14g). The coin was minted pre-treaty in York, identified from the quatrefoil in the centre of the cross on the reverse. There is one annulet stop visible on the obverse. The coin is in a worn but fair condition with more detail lost from the obverse.

WMID-D6FC68: COIN
A struck/ hammered silver penny of Edward III (diameter: 17.8mm; thickness: 0.7mm; weight: 0.87g). The coin can be classed as Pre-Treaty Series G, dating from 1356-1361 AD (North, 1991, pages 52-4), minted in Durham. The coin is in a worn but fair condition, with most of the detail still visible. The coin is incomplete in one place where part of the coin has broken off.

WMID-C7E9A1: COIN
A struck/ hammered silver penny of late 14th/ 15th century date (diameter: 13.8mm; thickness: 0.4mm; weight: 0.66g). The coin is heavily clipped and slightly worn on the obverse, making it impossible to identify the coin further. The reverse has a quatrefoil in the centre, indicating that the coin was minted in York. Part of the inscription can still be seen on the reverse. Due to the lack of detail on the coin, no exact date or ruler can be suggested.

WMID-C7A667: COIN
A struck/ hammered silver short cross penny of John (diameter: 16.9mm; thickness: 0.9mm; weight: 1.36g), Class 5b, dated by North from 1205-1210 AD. The moneyer is Pieres of Durham. The coin is in a slightly worn but fair condition, with all detail clearly visible.

WMID-C59653: MOUNT
A probable cast pewter mount or stud of sexfoil design (diameter: 32.1mm; thickness: 12.9mm; weight: 17.75g). Of a sub circular design, this artefact has six radiatting pellets or drops(each approximately 12mm in length and each one slightly curved) with protruding ridges in between each one. In the centre, there is a slightly raised circular platform (diameter: 7.1mm), forming the shape of a flower. The back of the mount is generally flat with a shank protruding outwards from slightly off-centre by 7.6mm. There is also a small ridge running from one side of the mount's back to the other with the shank in the middle. This could be an indication of the maunfacturing or casting process? Overall, the mount or stud in a worn, corroded and poor condition with greater amounts of corrosion around the edges. The artefact has a brown-grey patina. Similar artefacts are illustrated in Brian Read's 'Metal Artefacts of Antiquity', pages 22, 27 & 32, ref nos 242, 244-246. All these examples are described as studs or tacks and have been dated to 15th/ early 16th century. They have all been found in Devon.

WMID-C3B978: BROOCH
An incomplete cast copper alloy Trumpet brooch (length: 54.3mm; width at head: 16.4mm; thickness/ depth: 26mm; weight: 13.04g). An example of a typical trumpet brooch with acanthus moulded decoration. This brooch has a particularly wide oval-shaped head with slight remains of what appears to be an attachment or possibly part of a loop protruding out from the top of the head. There is a faint border aound the edge of the head, but most of this is disguised by heavy corrosion, particularly from iron. The bow kicks outwards and down to the worn and rather simple acanthus moulding which extends around the bow, in between transverse ridges decorated with linear markings. The bottom half of the bow is triangular in section with and there is a two-pary foot knob. On the back of the brooch, only the central lug survives of the original spring mechanism surrounded by heavy iron corrosion, indicating that the axis bar was made of iron. The pin is not present. Most of the catch plate survives and curves upwards towards the acanthus moulding. Overall, the brooch is in a slightly worn and corroded but fair condition with a dark green-brown patina. The original surface of the metal is revealed by scratches on the back of the brooch, on the central lug, catchplate and the edge of the head. Other similar examples are illustrated in Hattatt's 'Brooches of Antiquity', page 132-3, fig 43, ref no 958, found in London at the Billingsgate dump site. Other examples are shown in Hattatt's 'Iron Age & Roman Brooches', page 106-7, fig 44, ref no 430, found at Lower Hacheston, Suffolk. Additionally, further examples are shown in Hattatt's 'Ancient & Romano-British Brooches', page 108, fig 45, ref no 81, found at Thetford, Norfolk and ref no 83, also found at Thetford, Norfolk.

WMID-C25392: BROOCH
An incomplete cast copper alloy brooch of Colchester derivative Polden Hill (Mackreth Group 4, flat wing ends, hinged pin), Mackreth 2011, 4.l.b. Plate 49. Length: 65.4mm; width at wings: 26.1mm; thickness/ depth: 25.1mm; weight: 24.86g). The brooch has short and slightly uneven semi-cylindrical wings with small incised linear decoration on the side lugs at both ends, holding the probable copper alloy axis bar in place. There are slightly protruding crescent-shaped appendages to either side of the head, which has a flattened and snubbed top. There is a central line of small linear decoration running down part of the bow to a small protruding knob (diameter: 3.2mm). The bow tapers off and remains at a constant width of 4.9mm most of the way down. A small hole/ damage appear half way down the bow with evidence of a complete break (recently mended) further down the bow. There is other damage towards the bottom of the bow, including a small hole below the break, which may have actually been part of the original size of it. There is a three-ribbed slightly protruding foot knob with flat base at the bottom. At the back of the brooch, the complete copper alloy brooch is held in place by a hinged mechanism, which still drops down to the partly incomplete copper alloy catch plate that runs down half the length of the bow and curls over to one side to house the pin. , Overall, the brooch is in a slightly worn and corroded but good condition. There are particular areas of corrosion and damage on one of the side lugs at the wings and towards the bottom of the brooch, which may have been caused by possible ploughing. The artefact has a smooth dark green patina.

WMID-87EE67: BROOCH
A complete cast copper alloy Polden Hill brooch (length: 59.5mm; width at wings: 27mm; thickness/ depth: 24.2mm; weight: 26.39g). The semi-cylindrical wings are complete with curved appendages to either side of the head. The ends of the wings are capped with lugs holding the iron axis bar in place which can still be seen at either end. At each end of the front of the wings, there is a groove followed by a slightly protruding ridge. The back fo the wings seems to have a crack or slight separation running across the width. Two slight ribs running down the sides of the bow from the head and seem to disappear nearly half way down, but do appear to move towards the middle of the bow and meet in the centre. The bow tapers off to a slightly out-turned toe at the foot with a ridge separating the bow from the foot. The complete catch plate sweeping fairly high up to half way at the back of the bow. there is a small circular perforation (diameter: 2.5mm) in the catch plate. Most other similar examples have triangular perforations, which seem to be part of the decroation. However, these circular pierced example does not seem to have any decorative function. The complete pin (approximate length: 47mm is still held in place by the axis bar at the back of the wings and is held in the curled catch plate. This brooch is only slightly corroded down the pin, but is otherwise in good condition with a dark green-brown patina. Similar examples, particularly with perforations can be seen illustrated in Hattatt's 'Ancient & Romano-British Brooches', 1982, page 70, Fig 23b, Ref no 26 as well as in Hattatt's 'Brooches of Antiquity', 1987, pages 97 & 101, Fig 34, Ref no 895.

A cast copper alloy headstud brooch (length: 59mm; width at wings: 25.8mm; thickness/ side profile: 30.5mm; weight: 29.67g). The brooch is made without a chain loop and has an odd feature on the top of the head with two lines of incised dotted decorated, which is similar to an example illustrated in Hattatt's 'Ancient and Romano-British Brooches', page 78-9, Ref no 38 where the feature is described as a 'large and clumsy lug serving no useful purpose, merely being an exaggerated vestige of the chord lug of the earlier sprung type'. The similar example was found at Thetford, Norfolk. This example, however, is still different in many ways from the Thetford example. The wings are short with an angular/ square-like design. there is a slight appendage to either side of the head, with what appears to be a double leaf-style design on each of the wings. At the end tips of the wings, there is one line of incised dotted decoration, similar to the lug on top of the head. Below the lug at the top of the brooch, there is a conical drilled hole (diameter: 8.2mm) where runs straight through becoming smaller to the back of the brooch. This hole is now empty, but may have originally had a stone or gem placed inside. Travelling down the bow of the brooch there is again a series of two incised dotted lines running down possibly near the foot, but there is some corrosion near the bottom, making it hard to tell. The sides of the bow are decorated with flat side pieces/ appendages round ended at the head. There is a three-ribbed platform circling round above the foot, with two possible ribs at the foot, but corrosion makes it hard to tell. Quite strangely, there is a slightly corroded large circular indentation on the underside of the foot base (diameter: 8mm). This may have housed a stone or gem, but this area would hardly be noticed when the brooch was worn. The back of the wings and pin are completely intact. The hinge mechanism is clearly visible by the way the pin swivels around the axis bar. The axis bar seems to be copper alloy, but there does appear to be possible iron corrosion around the feature. The copper alloy pin measures to approximately 46mm long. The catch plate of almost bow length is deeper then normal, but identical features can be seen on the Thetford example (see above) and an example from Grimsby, Lincolnshire illustrated in Hattatt's 'Iron Age & Roman brooches', page s 101 & 103, Fig 42, Ref No 419. Part of the catch plate on this example curls round to house the bottom of the pin. This brooch is in a good condition with all of its features virtually intact. The make up of the brooch is very thick and sturdy and dates to the 2nd century AD. There is a few small areas of bronze disease on one of the wings, at part of the hole at the head, on the unusual lug on top of the head and at the bottom part of the curling catch plate. The artefact has a good dark green-brown patina.

A cast copper alloy oval framed buckle with offset narrowed bars and remains of an incomplete recessed plate (overall length 29mm; width of buckle frame: 18.6mm; width of plate: 12.2mm; overall thickness where plate has separated outwards: 6mm; weight: 2.70g). The plate survives still attached to the strap bar of the buckle and is made from one plate folded back on itself. There is remains of a probable iron rivet on the plate, approximately 7.3mm from the buckle bar. There is possible remains of a rivet hole further down the plate, but the plate is broken at this point. There is no visible decoration on the buckle and plate, apart from a possible incised grooves running down the length on one side of the plate. The artefact is in a generally corroded and poor state with a dark green-brown patina. A very similar example was found during excavations in London and is illustrated in Egan & Pritchard's 'Dress Accessories: Medieval Finds from Excavations in London', pages 74-5, Fig 45, Ref no 304. This example has been closely dated from a Medieval context between 1230-1260 AD.

A cast copper alloy simple oval/ D-shaped frame buckle frame with pin missing (length: 29mm; width: 39mm; thickness: 6.8mm; weight: 20.96g). Even though the pin is missing, there is a deep cut rectangular indentation on the thicker outer edge of the frame for the pin to rest, as well as another smaller indentation along the narrow strap bar , probably marking where the pin was originally fixed. There are slight slanted grooves at either end of the bar. There is no other decoration. The buckle frame is slightly corroded with some areas of probable bronze disease, but is in a fair condition with a dark green-brown patina. A very similar example was found during excavations taking place in London and is illustrated in Egan & Pritchard's 'Dress Accessories: Medieval Finds from Excavation in London', pages 68-9, Fig 41, Re no 264. This example was date from a medieval context between 1350-1400 AD.

A cast copper alloy annular single looped framed buckle with pin and frame still attached together(diameter of frame: 32.9mm; thickness of frame: 4.5mm; length of pin: 39.9mm; weight: 13.93g). The pin has a slight protruding ridge just below the hooked end with small incised linear markings above. There is no other decoration. Similar examples have ben excavated from medieval deposits in London and are illustrated in Egan & Pritchard's 'Dress Accessories: Medieval Finds from Excavations in London', pages 57-8, Fig 36, Ref nos 28-38. Egan & Pritchard indicate that these plain circular items with a frame uninterrupted by a constriction for a pin are listed under their present category as buckles, while those with a constriction are included under brooches (page 57). All these similar examples have been dated between 1270-1400 AD.

WMID-214FA3: VESSEL
A wheel thrown rim sherd of probable Nene valley ware (39mm x 24.5mm; thickness: 11.3mm; weight: 10.24g). The fill of the smoothy-textured sherd is an orange-brown sandwiching grey-brown. The surface coated in a dark brown/ red - black colour with what appears to be white slip scrollwork, which would date the sherd to the 3rd/ 4th centuries. Fine and small inclusions throughout the fill of probable quartz. The sherd is in a worn but fair condition. Nene Valley-colour-coated wares have a variety of forms which include a wide range of tablewares, including jugs, flagons and bottles, imitation samian forms, Castor boxes, cups and beakers (Tyers, 1996, page 173). The production of Nene Valley wares starts mid 2nd century and continues late 4th century. The source of the wares are centred around Water Newton in the Lower Nene Valley. Much of the distribution of the wares spread throughout Eastern England (Tyers, 1996, pages 173-5).

A complete miniature grey ware wheel thrown vessel (length: 92mm; diameter at neck: 83.5mm; diameter at base: 32mm; thickness at neck: 3.5mm; weight: 189.43g). A wide necked vessel with a flared and everted rim from the shoulder. The rim diameter is greater then the greatest diameter of the body. There is a slight rib running around the shoulder of the vessel before the body slightly curves outwards and back in to slope straight down to the base. Whilst upstanding, the vessel is slightly off-centre which could be due to a slightly unlevel base or the way the vessel was made. There is a fair amount of chipped damage round one side of the rim as well as slight damage at the base. Additionally, their seems to be a scratched line running around the body just below the shoulder. It is impossible to tell whether this was recent or damage to the vessel while deposited. Overall, the vessel is in a good condition. This is similar to a fully-sized version of Black Burnished Ware Type 3, as illustrated in Smith’s and Davies’ report ‘Black Burnished Ware Type Series: The Roman Pottery from Excavations at Greyhound Yard, Dorchester, Dorset’, 1993, figure 122, page 230. This example has been described as a cooking pot/ storage jar with very everted rim, sharply flaring from the shoulder. This vessel form appears from the late 3rd century and can appear as late as the 5th century, as seen by those found at Dorchester Bath House. At Greyhound Yard, the most common examples date to post- AD 250 (Smith & Davies, page 231). Other miniature vessels found at Coleshill, Warwickshire where they form part of a larger assemblage. Although these artefacts have been found at a number of sites, miniature pots have only been found at three locations in substantial numbers: Market Rasen (131); Uley (94) and Frensham (65+). Most miniature pots are found in central southern England, but also in Gaul (David & Audrey Graham forthcoming). These types of vessel are usually confined to being associated/ found at Roman temple or burial sites, even from road-side shrines (see the Uley report). Miniature pots may have had a specific function in certain rituals performed in the temple at Uley, as possibly in common with other temple sites. However, Woodward and Leach have identified that it is difficult to include any detailed discussion regarding these miniature vessels as the study is hampered by the lack of publication of many of the examples (page 144-5). Unfortunately, the original finder (who used to be a farmer labourer in Stretton-upon-Dunsmore) died a few years ago, and the two vessels were passed on to the present owner. Therefore, the exact location and context in which the vessels were found is unknown. The present owner suggests a connection with the sites at Wappenbury, which is situated approximately two miles away. Six or seven kilns sites were excavated at the site in the 1950s/ 60s and the vessel fabric appears similar. This vessel was apparently found with another miniature vessel: see WMID-200257.

WMID-1BECA6: COSMETIC MORTAR
A cast copper alloy cosmetic mortar (length: 77.3mm; width: 9.1mm; thickness: 4.2mm; weight: 7.88g). The mortar has a long, thin simple form with a slightly knobbed terminal on one end and a possible curling lip for an end loop at the other. There is a hole 13mm long and 2.5mm wide in the centre of the base of the mortar. This hole seems to be due to corrosion or damage rather than evidence of where a possible central loop would have been protruding from underneath. Overall, the mortar is in a poor and corroded condition with a dark green/ grey patina. The majority of cosmetic sets have been found in southern Britain, particularly in Norfolk and Suffolk and a massive concentration in Colchester. Many cosmetic sets or their component parts are not closely dated, but most of them seem to fall between 1st-2nd century AD (Jackson, 1985, pages 172-6), and some do appear in the late Iron Age.

WMID-0BE376: MOUNT
A complete cast copper alloy mount in the form of a zoomorphic probable equine head (length: 41.5mm; width: 33mm; thickness: 14.2mm; weight: 36.73g). Of Roman provincial type, the equine head has strong facial features including small incised holes for the lop-sided nostrils as well as a deep incised mouth. The horse has a long nose with eyes that are only slight visible as protruding humps. The animal's ears are also clearly defined either side near the back of the head. The neck and front legs are also included. One of the legs is particularly broken and corroded at the end as they stretch out from the body. The damaged legs protrudes outwards by 2.5mm, while the other longer leg has a visible knee making the leg slightly bend, and protrudes out by 8mm. It is difficult to identify whether the horse's mane is illustrated as there is particular corrosion in that area. The body of the animal stops just below the legs and neck with a flat base. A triangular spike 16.5mm long which ends at would have been a sharp point projects out from underneath the animal's head and may have been used to attach the equine head into an article as a mount/ fitting. Overall, the artefact is in a worn but fair condition with a dark green-brown patina and particular corrosion at the back of the animal's head Sometimes described as 'protomes', these mounts date from the 1st-4th century AD. Parallels are illustrated in Menzel's 'Die Romischen Bronzen aus Deutschland (1986).

WMID-094F41: BROOCH
A small cast copper alloy fragment of a possible trumpet brooch (length: 20.2mm; width at head: 9.8mm; thickness at head: 11.5mm; weight: 2.63g). The head, loop and probable spring mechanism survive. The loop at the top of the brooch is in a roughly-shaped diamond with a hole of 1.8mm in the centre. There is a slight ridge down the centre of th head at the front which continues down to single rib, unerneath which the brooch has been broken and the bottom is no longer intact. At the back of the head, there are remains of a singly pierced central lug with two turns of the spring surviving to the left side. The probable iron axis bar is still held in place within the pierced lug. Additionally, there seems to be remains of silver plating along the left side of the head. The incomplete brooch is in a slightly worn but fair condition with an overall dark grey/ brown patina.

An incomplete struck/ hammered silver denarius of Caracalla (198-217 AD), dating in 215 AD (14.5mm x 19.5mm; thickness: 0.8mm; weight: 1.65g). Aesculapius is shown on the reverse. He was the god of medicine and healing, shown as a man of mature years, holing a staff about which a serpent twines, and he is often accompanied by a small figure representing Telesphorus, his attendant (Sear, 1981, page 16). The coin is in slight worn and in a good condition. RIC reference: Mattingly & Sydenham, 1936, Volume IV, part I (Pertinax to Geta), page 248, No 251.

WMID-CCDF05: BRACELET
A cast copper alloy penannular bracelet, probably dating to the Roman period (length unrecordable as the artefact has coiled round and bent back on itself; width of most of band: 6.2mm; thickness at terminals: 3.2mm; weight: 28.86g). There are infrequent remains of gilding on one side of the bracelet as well as additional decoration of a central indentation running down the length of the band. The bracelet, including the terminals, are flat in section and they splay outwards at the ends at a width of 10mm. Overall, the bracelet is in a worn and corroded condition with a dark green patina. Plain penannular bracelets are difficult to date as they occur throughout the period, but examples are known from late Roman contexts.

WMID-CC3236: BRACELET
A cast copper alloy semi-cylindrical bracelet, probably dating to the Roman period (70.5mm x 59.3mm; thickness at band ends: 8.5mm; weight: 31.79g). The bracelet is the same overall thickness most of the way around the band apart from an area of 19/20mm where the band is very worn and there seems to be a small amount of bronze disease. The bracelet terminals are plain with no decoration. The termials do become thicker, wider and semi cylindrical in shape with flat ends. Overall, the bracelet is in a very worn and corroded condition with a patchy green-dark brown patina. Plain penannular bracelets are difficult to date as they occur throughout the Roman period, but examples are known from late Roman contexts (Sally Worrell).

WMID-CBB1B8: COIN
A worn and incomplete copper-alloy Roman sestertius of Trajan (AD 98-117), dating to the period AD 116-117 (Reece period 5). Probably [REX PARTHIS-DATVS], S C reverse type depicting Trajan in military dress seated left on a platform holding a parazonium and with an officer behind, placing diadem on the head of Parthamaspates standing before him, to the left Parthia kneeling on the ground facing Trajan wearing a pointed cap and holding out hands. Mint of Rome. As BMC p. 223, nos. 1046-1048; RIC II, p. 291, no. 667 Diameter: 31.5mm; thickness: 2.9mm; weight: 17.65g. The coin is in a worn and poor condition with bronze disease on parts of the obverse, reverse and particularly round the edges where it has caused the coin to corrode.

WMID-CA6016: BROOCH
An incomplete cast copper alloy brooch of Colchester derivative Polden Hill (Mackreth Group 4, flat wing ends), Mackreth 2011, 4.f. Plate 47. Length: 18.5mm; width at wings: 14.7mm; thickness at wings/ head: 12mm; weight: 4.20g). Only the head, wings and a small part of the bow have survived. The brooch has very small wings with side lugs at each end of the wings with a probable iron axis bar still in situ holding the extremely corroded spring together. The spring appeasr to be iron as approximately six turns can still be seen, but the whole area is a general mass of iron corrosion. The remains of a overhead backward hook at the top of the head are still present. From the hook to the broken area down the bow, there are two slightly protruding ribs running down the length's centre, which seem to stop at chevron lentoids at the junction with the rest of the leg. Overall, the brooch is in a very worn and badly corroded condition, particularly at the back of the brooch. The artefact has a patchy brown patina. A similar example is illustrated in Hattatt's 'Brooches of Antiquity', pages 98 & 101, fig 34, Ref no 900. Even though this example is complete apart from the pin, the decoration is identical and the example also has an iron axis bar and spring.

WMID-B7AE01: BROOCH
An incomplete cast copper alloy brooch of Colchester derivative Polden Hill (Mackreth Group 4, flat wing ends), Mackreth 2011, 4.l. Plate 48. Remains of silver plating on the surface (length: 47.2mm; width at wings: 14.5mm; thickness at wings: 17mm; weight: 8.30g). The brooch has small wings, each measuring approximately 4mm either side of the head. At either end of the semicylindrical wings, an axis bar, possibly iron, is held passing through the flat rounded lugs. Part of the spring mechanism remains with four turns visible. The pin has disappeared. There are slight appendages either side of the head with a pronounced ridge running down the top of the bow by 15mm. The slim bow becomes more narrow as it reaches the foot at the bottom. Part of the catch plate is still present. Overall, the brooch is in a poor condition with small patches of silvering occuring down the bow. There is also a large amount of corrosion behind the head, underneath the spring. The brooch has a pitted, light green patina.

WMID-B6D470: BROOCH
An incomplete cast copper alloy trumpet brooch (length: 53.5mm; width: 12.6mm; thickness where catch plate protrudes from the back: 10.6mm; weight: 10.87g). The brooch has been broken below the head as just the bow and foot remain. The fragment continues 5mm above triple moulded buttons, the central button protruding out furthest by 7.3mm. There also seems to be incised markings along the lower rib. Underneath this moulding, the bottom part of the bow has lozenge-panelled or zig zagged decoration running down its length either side of a central rib. The large foot at the base of the brooch is still intact with a tiny nodule underfoot. The back of the incomplete brooch is flat with small remains of the catch plate still attached. There is a slight protruding knob in between the catch plate and the foot. Overall, the brooch is in a poor and corroded condition with small areas of bronze disease present near the foot. Similar examples have been found at Wroxeter, Salop (Hattatt, 1987, fig 42, Ref no 949) where the moulded buttons are identical. The example also has a tiny nodule underfoot. Another example was found near Lambourn, Berkshire (Hattatt, 1985, fig 45, Ref no 438B). The brooch's form is similar to the Chester & allied brooch types which are commonly found in the lower Severn area and nearby counties (Hattatt, 1987, 127).

WMID-A22047: STRAP FITTING
A fragment of a cast copper alloy asymmetrical mount with part of one integral suspension loop remaining with a forked end (overall length: 28.8mm; overall width: 38mm; thickness: 1.5mm, weight: 9.74g). The incomplete single-looped mount has one intact iron rivet at the end of the artefact. All areas on the front of the mount and possibly part of the suspension loop fragment have foliate decoration. There is an integrally cast fleur de lys at the end of the mount's length. There is no decoration on the back of the mount and the remaining suspension loop is still integrally attached to the main body of the mount. The loop hole has an average outer diameter of 10mm and an internal diameter of 7mm. The artefact is in a worn and poor condition with high levels of corrosion, particularly on the back. The suspension loop hole is fairly worn in places suggesting usage over a period of time. Originally, there would have been three hooked fittings or tags attached through the loops. A very similar example has been found in West Somerset (Brian Read, 2001, page 43, Fig 26, No 373) and is described as being 'from a sword belt' and is dated to 16th century.

WMID-A039B5: BROOCH
A cast copper alloy and silver plated flat disc brooch with remains of red and yellow enamel, and without peripheral lugs(diameter: 24mm; thickness: 0.9mm; weight: 6.61g). The brooch is decorated on one side only with a 'sunburst' pattern. In the centre, there is a slightly indented circular area (diameter: 5.5mm) surrounded by a raised circular border (width: 2.8mm). The central indentation may have been filled with enamel or other decoration as there is a orange/ brown colouration. Outside the circular border, there are a series of sixteen dots with a possible sixteen pointed star-shaped floreate pattern radiatting towards the outer edge of the brooch. There are remains of red enamel on the circular border as well as the areas beyond which lead up to and sometimes outside the ring of dots. There is also slgiht remains or yellow enamel in between the star pattern circulating the brooch completely. Therefore, red enamel seems to appear in the inner zones of the decoration while yellow enamel appears in the outer areas. There are only remains of silver plating on the very outside edge of the decorated face as well as partly continuing round to the back of the brooch. On the back of the brooch, there are remains of a sprung pin with three turns held into place between two lugs with a probable copper axis bar running through the spring. An additional turn of the spring is still attached but hangs below the main spring mechanism. Part of the catch plate remains and protrudes out by 2.5mm. the back of the brooch is plain and undecorated. The artefact is in a worn but fair condition with the star pattern difficult to see in places. There are also two small areas of possible bronze disease on the decorated front of the brooch. The back of the brooch has a grey/ black patina. Similar examples have been found near Ipswich , Suffolk (Hattatt, 1982, page 138-9, fig 58, Ref no 119; at Colchester, Essex (Hattatt, 1985, page 140 & 143, fig 60, Ref no 515; ana another found 'in Britain' (Hattatt, 1987, page 169 & 171, fig 55, Ref no 1035). Additionally, an example was excavated from an archaeological context at Richborough, Kent and has been dated from AD 140-180. Other examples include those found at Newstead, Scotland and St. Albans. These disc brooches are among are the earliest plate brooches, dated from the 1st-late 2nd century AD, and it is later types that start to develop knobs around the perimeter and as a centre-piece. Even later examples become domed, stepped, dished or perforated. Many disc brooches are decorated with a derivation of the 'sunburst' pattern, which was introduced from Gaul. Hattatt suggests that Mithraism with its cult of the sun - the sol invictus - was largely responsible for the popularity of the design (Hattatt, 1982, pages 137-8).

WMID-38E9E8: FLAKE
A Neolithic flint flake with re-touch, dating from 4000-2200 BC (length: 25mm; width: 28.5mm; thickness: 11mm; weight: 7.03g). The bulb of percussion is missing from the ventral side as the flint appears to be broken (as it also seems to be at the opposite end). However, there are still numerous radiatting ribbles or 'lunettes' running down the flint's length, therefore indicating where the bulb would have been. There are flaking scars down the left side of the ventral. Pressure flaking on the ventral created numerous flaking scars on the left side working edge of the dorsal. There is one single arise running down the dorsal's length which appears slightly off-centre. The flint has a grey/ borwn patina.

WMID-3858C8: FLAKE
A Neolithic flint flake, dating from 4000-2200 BC (length: 27.5mm; width: 27.5mm; thickness: 4mm; weight: 3.93g). The striking platform and bulb of percussion are clearly visible, as is a eraillure scar running partly down the length of the flake by 10mm. Numerous slight radiatting ripples or 'lunettes' also appear down the length of the flake. Pressure flaking on the ventral side has produced flaking scars around most of the dorsal's edges, apart from at the very top near the striking platform. There is a single slight arrise to the left on the dorsal side. Overall, the flake is convex in shape and is narrower at the top (width: 9mm) than it is at the base (width: 22mm). The flint looks like it may have been broken along the base. The flake has a grey/ brown patina.

WMID-37BC22: SCRAPER (TOOL)
A Neolithic flint scraper, dating from 4000-2200 BC (length: 27.2mm; width: 20.5mm; thickness: 8.5mm; weight: 4.68g). There is no visible striking platform and only slight evidence of the bulb of percussion in the top left corner on the ventral side with numerous fine radiatting ripples or 'lunettes' covering the length of the flint. There is a large flaking scar from the top right side of the dorsal creating a ridge down the centre. Pressure flaking from the ventral side has created small abundant flaking scars/ re-touch at the top, down the left side and at the bottom. The patina is light-dark grey.

WMID-36A663: BLADE
A Neolithic flint blade, dating between 4000-2200 BC (length: 28mm; width: 28.2mm; thickness: 11mm; weight: 8.70g). The bulb of percussion is clearly visible on the ventral side below the striking platform with only slight and sparse radiatting ribbles or 'lunettes'. There does also appear to be possible radial scars radiatting outwards from the bulb. On the dorsal, there is a line of off-white cortex along the left side with a large flaking scar in the centre running nearly to the end of the tool's length. A curved/ smei-circular blade to the right side on the dorsal which continues onto a flat blade at the base. The flint has been pressure-flaked from the ventral side to produce the flaking scars and the blades. The blade has a grey-black patina.

WMID-363326: SCRAPER (TOOL)
A Neolithic scraper and blade dating between 4000-2200 BC (length: 38mm; width: 37.7mm; thickness: 10.5mm; weight: 11.19g). The bulb of percussion on the ventral side is clearly evident with a slight eraillure scar running downwards by 12mm with few radiatting ripples or 'lunettes' running down the tool's length. There are small radial scars running outwards to the sides from the striking platform and bulb also indicating the pressure of impact. The flint has been pressure-knapped from the ventral to create flaking scars/ re-touch on the dorsal down the right side. One area of these scars on the lower half of the right side appears to have a steep edge, possibly indicating that this area was used as a scraper. The other edge above on the same side has a sloping edge, possibly indicating another function as a blade. A small area of the cortex still remains on the dorsal to the left side. The flint tool has a light-dark grey patina.

WMID-239DC2: TRANSVERSE ARROWHEAD
A transverse arrowhead, probably of petit tranchet type (length: 20mm; width: 18mm; thickness: 6mm; weight: 2.02g). The narrower end is what the shaft would have been connected. There has been extensively knapping on all three sides apart from the narrow end to create a sharp edge. There are three principal types defined as transverse arrowheads defined by typological analysis. These are the petit tranchet, chisel and oblique types. It is uncertain when petit tranchets were first manufactured in Britain. Some may perhaps date to the Mesolithic period, but most of the Mesolithic sites producing these arrowheads are contaminated by later Neolithic or Bronze Age flintwork, therefore confusing the matter. As a result, the chronology of petit tranchets must remain open and it is safer to date them as Neolithic. There does seem to be a long survival of these arrowheads as some have been found with mulitple inhumation burials of the Neolithic tradition (Stephen Green, 'The Flint Arrowheads of the British Isles, 1980, Part I, pages 111-113). Over one third of all petit tranchet arrowheads derive from the Wessex region and the majority of these cluster around Windmill Hill. Another high concentration focusses on the hills above the Avon Valley near Bath. Other area where these arrowheads have been found include Surrey, Sussex and the Yorkshire Wolds. Stray petit tranchets occur in every region except the Upper Thames and East Cornwall. They are extremely rare in the Highland Zone and are absent from Ireland (Stephen Green, pages 100-3)

WMID-FAFA06: MOUNT
Fragment of a probable cast copper alloy mount (possibly without rivets) in the style of a griffin's head (length: 18.5mm; width; 24mm; thickness: 2.5mm; weight: 5.24g). The fragemtn has a flat side profile with a pointed ear projecting from the back of the head and a curved, pointed beak at the front. The eye is illustrated with two indented circular grooves, with the centre of the eye being slightly deeper. There is no decoration on the fragment. The artefact is in a fair condition with slightly acclerated corrosion at the top of the head and a dark green/ brown patina. A similar example is illustrated in Brian Read's 'Metal Artefacts of Antiquity', 2001, page 7 & 11, ref no 67. Even though this example is convex in side section, the style of head remains the same and has been dated to the 14th century.

WMID-E4CA54: BUTTON AND LOOP FASTENER
A copper alloy button and loop fastener of Wild's Class Vd. It has a circular head and possible remains of a triangular loop (length: 32.8mm; diameter of circular head: 20mm; thickness of circular head: 3mm; weight: 9.48g). The circular head has an off-centre indented border approximately 4mm from the outside edge, with what appears to be a small circular fragment of blue glass in the middle (diameter: 2mm). Part of the outside edge of the circular head has broken off, and there are substantial amounts of bronze disease here as well as across the front of the head. There are remains of gilding on small areas of the head. The loop protruding from below the head has been broken off where the feature would have separated into two forks. A break that has been recently mended appears below the fork. Overall, the fastener is in a a poor condition with a general spread of corrosion and pockets of bronze disease. The artefact has a light green/ brown patina. A similar example was found during excavations at South Shields Roman Fort (Allason-Jones & Miket, 1984, pages 185-7, Ref no 584). Other examples have been dated to the 1st and 2nd century AD.

WMID-E3C045: COIN
A silver Roman Republican denarius of A Albinus, probably dating to 96 BC (diameter: 17.8mm; thickness: 1.2mm; weight: 3.39g). Albinus was perhaps killed at the Battle of the Colline Gate. This type of the coin seems to allude to the sacrifice to Diana as a result of which Rome became caput rerum, and to the battle of Lake Regillus in which A. Postumius Albus Regillensis is reported to have hurled a standard among the enemy (Crawford, 1974, Volume I, page 335).

WMID-E27D01: TOKEN
A cast lead token (diameter: 23mm; thickness: 2mm; weight: 6.87g) decorated on both sides. On one side, there is a long cross marked with a pellet in the centre and at each of the four ends. Four other pellets appear between the arms of the cross. On the other side, a slightly irregular pellet which may be off-centre with linear markings or veins radiatting outwards, sometimes in a 'T' shape. This example is slightly similar to a late 16th century/ Elizabethan derivative token (Mitchiner & Skinner, 1984, pages 122 & 156, Plate 15, No 17).

WMID-FC5D73: BROOCH
A cast copper alloy crossbow brooch (length: 62.5mm; width at wings: 46mm; thickness at arched bow: 9mm; weight:32.15g). A large and heavy brooch with wings decorated with incised ridge designs running four times down the wings' length in between the end knobs and where the central knob would have been. At each end of the wings, there are very characteristic onion-shaped knobs with deep hollowed holes facing out from the front of the bow where there may have been enamel originally (of which there is no trace). It does appear that these cavities where designed for decoration. In the centre between the wings and at the top of the bow, there is a small hole of approximately 3.5mm diameter which presumably held the top knob, therefore providing the brooch with a cross or cruciform-type appearance. There are two additional holes to either side of this which are drilled straight through to the other side (diameter: 2mm). It is uncertain what these holes were for - they may have been for decorative purposes to possibly hold enamel? The bow (length: 34mm) is semi-circular in profile and has a very pronounced arched back. The bow leg is slightly shorter than the bow (length: 33mm). Thre may be some evidence of decoration on the leg as geometric patterns are faintly visible under the corrosion. The hinge mechanism and pin are both missing at the back of the brooch. The back of the bow and leg are flat with only slight remains of a catch plate protruding from the leg. Overall, the brooch is in a poor and corroded condition, particularly on the two surviving knob terminals, the bow and leg at the front of the brooch. There are some areas of bronze disease, most notably on one of the knobs and along the side edges of the leg. The brooch has a pitted dark brown patina. There are a number of similar crossbow brooch examples illustrated in Hattatt's work. Firstly, three examples are shown of the 'heavy' brooches in Hattatt's 'Brooches of Antiquity', 1987, pages 282-288. Unfortunately, two do not have more specific find spot areas and are similar classed as 'eastern Mediterranean' (Ref no 1265, Fig 91)and 'provenance unknown - London saleroom' (Ref no 1267, Fig 92). However, these both have multiple holes along the wings either side of the central knob as well as the onion-shape terminals. Another example from the late 4th century was found near Bury St. Edmunds which also has similar features (Ref no 1269, Fig 93). A brooch illustrated in Hattatt's 'Iron Age & Roman Brooches', 1985, Fig 56, Ref no 505) is also similar apart from the knobs have developed into a more angular design. The provenance for this brooch is unknown. From the late third to fifth centuries AD, the Crossbow brooch was the only surviving bow brooch to continue in use until the end of the Roman period throughout the whole of the Roman Empire. This form of brooch can be traced back to the La Tene and Nauheim derivatives in the first century. In 'Brooches of Antiquity', page 283, Hattatt has categorised Crossbow brooches into many types. This badly corroded example can be classified as either K4 or K5, dating between 350-400 AD.

WMID-D1FDC6: MOUNT
A cast copper alloy probable furniture mount (length: 31.5mm; width at shoulders: 30mm; thickness at shoulders: 1mm; weight: 14.18g). The mount is in the form of a bust of a male. The head has clear facial features, with rather sunken eyes, a snubbed nose, rounded ears, a mouth which is slightly open and a beard in the form of deep ringlets. The shoulders are flat. At the back of the mount there is a slot/ bar which protrudes by 7mm out from the back of the head as a possible attachment fitting which helps to secure the mount to a larger object. The mount is hollow but there is what appears to be metallic corrosion (possibly copper alloy) inside the back of the head. Overall, this object is in a fair condition but there are specific areas of corrosion at the top of the head, the front of the face and towards the back. The mount has a dark green-black patina. A similar example was found near Lakenheath, Suffolk and is illustrated in Nigel Mill's book 'Celtic & Roman Artefacts', 2000, page 128, Ref no 399. This example is possibly from a belt mount and depicts Silenus, the foster-father of Bacchus and leader of satyrs. He is usually shown as bald-beaded with a snub-nose, pointed ears and a moustache and beard, giving him an Oriental appearance. This probable furniture fitting mount is also likely to depict Silenus, therefore dating it to the Roman period.

WMID-CD2406: COIN
A fragment of a silver struck/ hammered Charles I shilling (33mm x 20mm; thickness: 1.2mm; weight: 6.75g), minted at the Tower under parliament between 1642-8 AD. The reverse is similar to Classes 4E-4G illustrated in Richard Lobel's 'Coincraft's Standard Catalogue of English & UK Coins 1066 to date', page 235. The coin fragment is in a fair condition with the detail on the obverse being completely worn, apart from parts of the inscription. 2nd reference: Seaby, 'Coins of England and the United Kingdom', 30th edition, 1995, page 195, Ref no 2845A (illustrations of the reverse shown).

WMID-CC9F14: JETTON
A struck/ hammered copper alloy Tournai jetton (diameter: 21.2mm; thickness: 0.8mm; weight: 2.55g) dating between 1497-1547 AD, during the reigns of Louis XII & Francis I. This Tournai jetton is shows the characteristic three circles of Tournai on the obverse and a simple cross patty on the reverse. The outer edges of the jetton are broken/ corroded so no recognisable inscription remains. Overall, the jetton is worn on both sides and in a poor condition with a dark green patina. Reference: Michael Mitchiner, 'Jettons, Medalets & Tokens: The Medieval Period and Nuremburg: Volume I', pages 242-5.

WMID-BDAEC5: COIN WEIGHT
A cast brass square coin weight dating to the reign of James I between the years 1611-1620 AD (13.5mm x 13.5mm; thickness: 2.5mm; weight: 4.20g). The weight and value of 11 shillings concludes that the coin weight is known as an 'angel', especially with the angel on the reverse. In 1620, there was an upsurge in the use of coin weights, and in the following decade many types were produced. They were square and made of brass and have the standard reverse of a crown surmounting the value of the relevant coin. Weights of this period bear an official counterstamp or verification mark which can be see on this example to the extreme top left of the crown on the obverse as a stamped crowned I for James I.

WMID-B984D5: VESSEL
A cast copper alloy cooking vessel fragment (length: 73.5mm; width: 31mm; thickness: 3.5mm; weight: 38.98g). At one end of the fragment, the vessel seems to curve outwards, possibly towards a rim? The artefact is in a fair condition with general corrosion on both sides. On the probable inner side of the vessel, the surface has a dark green patina, while the outer surface has a dark green-back patina. It is impossible to date this fragment specifically, but it is most likely to date to the Medieval or post-Medieval period.

WMID-B93102: FURNITURE FITTING
A cast copper alloy furniture handle pivot pin with a spike fitting (which is unusual), dating to the 16th/ 17th century (length: 32.5mm; width at the collar: 7mm; weight: 3.04g). The head of the fitting has a hole running straight through the attachment end with a slight groove and collar below. The fitting is in a fair condition with a general layer of corrosion and a light green/ brown patina.

WMID-B8CBA6: TOKEN
A cast lead token dating to the 17th century (thickness: 1.8mm; diameter: 26.5mm; weight: 6.83g). The token is only decotated on one surface with four petals, a cross bar running across the diameter and six pellets in between. The reverse is plain. Similar examples are illustrated in Mitchiner & Skinner's paper 'English Tokens, c.1425 to 1672' in The British Numismatic Journal, Volume 54, 1984, pages 140 & 163 (plate 22), ref nos 47, 48 & 49. These examples have been dated between c. 1650-75 and were found from the Thames area, London.

WMID-B7F065: COIN
A contemporary forgery of a silver struck/ hammered Commonwealth halfgroat, dating between 1649-1660 AD. The coin is poorly engraved and struck with a crudely cut die. Additionally, the two slightly interlocking shields of St. George and the Irish harp on the coin's reverse are the wrong way round.

WMID-7BA1D1: BELL
A complete cast copper alloy crotal bell (length including handle: 41.5mm; diameter across sphere: 30mm; thickness: approximately 1mm; weight: 27.38g). A square looped handle at the top with small sphere containing the remains of an iron ball. There are three holes at the top near the looped handle (one of them presumably due to damage) as well as the double-holed gap on the underside, where there also appears to be very faint sunburst decoration. The crotal bell is in a poor condition with a heavily corroded surface which is partly due to iron corrosion from the ball inside. Part of the surface also appears to be flaking towards the bottom. The artefact has a dark brown-green-orange/ brown patina. This example probably dates to the 17th/ 18th centuries.

WMID-7B2412: WEIGHT
A flat, circular possible cast lead weight (diameter: 22mm; thickness [slightly uneven]: 7mm; weight: 25.63g) with a drilled hole in the middle, but slightly off-centre (diameter of hole: 8mm). This artefact is similar in shape to lead weights illustrated in Margeson's 'Norwich Households: Medieval & Post-Medieval Finds from Norwich Survey Excavations 1971-78, 1993, page 138-9, Fig 103, Ref Nos 937 & 938). The conical example was found in a context dating between 1096-1200, while the cylindrical example was found in a context dating from 1500-50. Both examples had weighed approximately the same as this flatter example. Therefore, it is difficult to determine an exact date range. At best, this artefact could possibly be dated to the Medieval period. This artefact could also be a spindle whorl, but the exact date would still be unknown.

WMID-7A21D3: COIN
A silver sixpence of William III, minted in 1697 AD. The coin is in a fair and slightly worn condition with most of the detail still recognisable.

WMID-79B9C3: BELL
A broken fragment from the main body of a cast copper alloy crotal bell (43mm x 40mm; thickness: 1.5mm; weight: 23.13g). The central ridge running around the crotal bell can still be seen, as can scroll work decoration, particularly surviving on one side of the ridge, possible indicating that this was the bottom? Additionally, half a drilled hole is still visible just before the break. The artefact is in a fair condition and has significant areas of corrosion on the outer and inner surfaces. The bell has a light green/ brown patina. As a result of the decoration and structure, this crotal bell fragment would probably date to the 18th/ 19th centuries.

A cast copper alloy cauldron/ skillet foot (length: 42.5mm; width: 41.5mm; thickness [at base of foot]: 28mm; weight: 116.33g). A simple form with flange/ ridge down the centre at the front of the foot. There are remains of heavy iron corrosion at the top of the foot where it becomes more narrow. This may indicate a possible fixing screw of attachment to fix the leg onto the main body of the cauldron? Overall, the artefact is in a poor condition due to the corrosion and wear. The leg has a light green patina. A similar example is illustrated by Margeson in 'Norwich Households: Medieval and Post-Medieval Finds from Norwich Survey Excavations 1971-78', East Anglian Archaeology, 1993, page 90, figure 57, Ref no 562. Similar legs can be seen on this complete example of a skillet and were excavated from a datable context of 1507 AD. However, it is noted that these and other examples found in this deposit were 'likely to have been of considerable age in 1507' (Margeson, page 93).

WMID-2A28E7: COIN
Elizabeth I threepence, dating to 1580 AD. The coin is in a poor condition with most of the obverse and reverse worn away.

WMID-2986D5: BUCKLE
A cast copper alloy trapezoidal shoe or knee buckle with drilled frame (length: 24.2mm; width: 16.5mm; thickness: 4.2mm;weight: 3.02g). There are moulded pin rests at opposite ends of the buckle's length as well as moulded, bifid knops around the spindle holes opposite each other across the buckle's width. There is slight evidence of a probable iron spindle. There is no decoration on the underside of the buckle. The condition of the buckle is fair with a general spread of corrosion. The artefact has a light green-brown patina. Similar examples are illustrated in Ross Whitehead's 'Buckles' book, pages 98-9. These have been dated between 1660-1720 AD, but a widened date range should be noted.

A small rim sherd of wheel-made grey ware pottery (43.5 x 22mm; thickness: 9.5mm; weight: 9.53g). A coarse grit with small sparse quartz inclusions. The slightly angular-shaped rim extends outwards from the neck by approximately 4.5mm. The sides of the vessel are thin with a thickness of 4mm. This type of pottery would have been used as general kitchen/ household ware.

A cast copper alloy drilled sub rectangular shoe buckle frame (length: 34.8mm; width: 26.9mm; thickness: 5mm; weight: 6.00g). There are four slightly curved (inwards) moulded collars on each side, particularly those at either end of the frame's length which have an elaborate leaf pattern to form the pin rests. There is no decoration on the underside. The frame is slightly curved rising upwards. Overall, the buckle is in a fair condition with increased amounts of corrosion on either side of the leaf-patterned pin rests and a dark green patina. Similar examples are illustrated in Ross Whitehead's 'Buckles' book, page 98. This are dated between 1660-1720 AD, but a more widened dateline should be introduced.

A cast copper alloy drilled shoe buckle frame (length: 31.5mm; width: 24.5mm; thickness: 3.2mm; weight: 4.63g). The buckle is rectangular in shape with moulded tranverse grooves running around the upper face of the frame and no decoration underneath. The buckle is in a poor condition with a generalised spread of corrosion on both sides and has a light green-brown patina. Similar examples are illustrated in Ross Whitehead's 'Buckles' book, page 102. These are dated between 1690-1720 AD, but a slightly more widened dateline should be introduced.

WMID-AB0868: BUCKLE
A simple cast copper alloy D-shaped buckle (length: 31.5mm; width: 32.8mm; thickness: 4.2mm; weight: 8.76g). Only the frame survives from this D-sectioned buckle with no decoration. The buckle is in a poor condition with a generally extensively amount of corrosion over its surface. There is a slight notch where the pin would have rested, but this notch seems to be due to a breakage rather than natural wear and tear. The buckle has a light green-brown patchy patina.

WMID-AA7268: BRIDLE FITTING
A cast copper alloy bridle fitting with gilding and silver 'tinning' on the upper surface (length: 71.3mm; width: 26mm; thickness: 2mm; weight: 14.65g). The fitting is decorated with chip carved Style I gilt ornament along most of its length appears to show two faces with wavey eyebrows and staring eyes beneath. The pronged end probably faces downwards to illustrate the faces in this way. There seems to be remains of silver 'tinning' covering the copper alloy base on the square and flattened end at the top, the damaged pronged end at the bottom as well as the short side wings, with possible faint traces of scroll-work decoration. This ornamentation is typical of the gilt and applied sheet silver work in the 6th century AD. A dotted line with forks at each end separates the probable faces. This art style is related to the art of the early phased square-headed brooches and florid cruciform brooches. This style is established before 500 Ad and continues into the 6th century. The back of the fitting is plain without decoration, but does have remains of probable copper alloy rivets that would have originally held the artefact in place. Corresponding to the ends of the gilding on the front, there are extensively corroded patches running across the fitting's width. There is only one rivet still visibly protruding by approximately 0.5mm, while there are only traces of a further four rivets probably in place. There are many scratch marks along the back surface (as well as parts of the front). The overall condition of the fitting is fair with extensive corrosion only on parts of the back. Part of the gilding has worn away showing the copper alloy beneath. The copper alloy has a good dark green patina. Few parallels have been found for this artefact. A similar example from Lakenheath, Suffolk was reported through the Treasure Act (see Treasure Annual Report 1998-1999). It is mostly made of heavily gilded copper alloy and decorated with Style I ornament. Additionally, it is ornamented with thin silver sheet appliqués. It was excavated as part of a mid 6th century grave of a male buried in a coffin. The horse was within the grave too and was saddled and bridled for burial (A. C. Evans). The Lakenheath bridle is similar to the bridle found from Mound 17 in the royal cemetery at Sutton Hoo, Suffolk, which dates to c. 600 AD. These two bridles are of similar status. However, these examples still have their differences. This fitting is much flatter and bigger than the Lakenheath example, while the Sutton Hoo parallel is of a later type and quite different in style and design with circular mounts and axe-shaped pendants. Faces continue on harness-mounts in the Vendel style in eastern Sweden as seen from the graves with horses at Vendel (La Necropole de Vendel, Arne & Stolpe, 1927). Another example was also found at Buttshole, Kent. The appliqué, which with the other examples illustrated in Baldwin Brown's 'The Arts in Early England' (1915), were without a parallel in Kentish graves and had been identified as ornaments of a belt or horse-harness trappings. They have at the back tangs for fixing them that are in some cases pierced, while in others they are evidently meant to be beaten out rivet-fashion when in place. This object was made in cast bronze, chased, and parcel gilt (Baldwin Brown, 1915, plate 24 [Ref no 3], pages 203-4). References: Baldwin Brown; 'The Arts in Early England', 1915, pages 203-4, plate 24, Ref no 3. Treasure Annual Report 1998-9, pages 27-9, fig 52

WMID-A885C5: TOKEN
A struck/ hammered copper alloy Coventry halfpenny trade token (diameter: 20.8mm; thickness: 0.7mm; weight: 2.90g), dating to 1669 AD. References: S.O.C.O.T.B.I Vol 46: The Norweb Collection Part V, Plate 47, No 5304C. Dickinson M, 'Seventeenth Century Tokens of the British Isles and their values', 1986, page 219, Ref no 55. Williamson, 'Boyne's Trade Tokens: Trade Tokens Issued in the Seventeenth Century', Volume III, 1967, page 1206, Ref no 55.

WMID-96CFF1: BELL
A cast copper alloy fragment of a crotal bell (length: 27.9mm; width: 17.5mm; thickness: 1.3mm; weight: 4.72g). A fairly corroded example with possible decorative with two incised lines running parallel to each other at one end. The fragment has a dark green patina. Such a small fragment can only been dated generally from the 16th-19th centuries.

WMID-966367: FURNITURE FITTING
A cast copper alloy backplate (diameter: 36mm; thickness: 4.5mm; weight: 10.06g). The sexfoil-shaped backplate is in a roughly circular design with slight knobs protruding from each petal. Each petal is divided by an incised line running towards a sub-rectangualr hole in the centre. The is no decoration on the back of the plate and the side profile is relatively flat with the artefact slightly lifting upwards towards the centre giving the front of the plate a humped appearance. The overall condition of the backplate is fair with a general spread of corrosion, particularly on the back. The artefact has a light green/ brown patina. A similar example was excavated as part of the Norwich Survey Excavations between 1971-8. This example has been defined as a part of a possible coffin handle and may have originally had a loop handle attached. The Norwich example was dated between 1700-1800 AD (Margeson, 1993, page 78 & 80, fig 45, Nos 487 & 488).

WMID-56D8A8: COIN
A Roman copper alloy nummus, House of Constantine or House of Valentinian. Possible Victory reverse may suggest that the latter is more likely. The coin is exceptionally worn (thickness: 0.2mm; diameter: 16mm; weight: 1.26g).

A silver hammered sixpence of William III, minted in 1697 (thickness: 0.4mm; diameter: 21.7mm; weight: 2.75g). The coin appears to be fairly bad quality silver and has been double struck. Evidence of this can be seen on both sides, particularly with the inscriptions. Apart from this, the coin is in a fair and slightly worn condition. In 1696, a great re-coinage was undertaken to replace the hammered silver that made up most of the coinage in circulation, much of it being clipped and badly worn. Branch mints were set up in Bristol, Chester, Exeter, Norwich and York to help with the re-coinage. For a short time before they were finally demonetized, unclipped hammered coins were allowed to circulate freely provided they were officially pierced in the centre.

A silver hammered sixpence of William III, minted in 1697 (thickness: 0.5mm; diameter: 20.3mm; weight: 3.04g). The coin is in a fair condition with all detail being clearly visible. In 1696, a great re-coinage was undertaken to replace the hammered silver that made up most of the coinage in circulation, much of it being clipped and badly worn. Branch mints were set up in Bristol, Chester, Exeter, Norwich and York to help with the re-coinage. For a short time before they were finally demonetized, unclipped hammered coins were allowed to circulate freely provided they were officially pierced in the centre.

A silver hammered groat of Edward IV, dating between 1464-70 AD. This coin was minted during these years as part of the 'light coinage' and can be identified as a type Vc which are classified as having quatrefoils by the neck on the obverse and fleurs or trefoils on the cusps. Additionally, there is an extra pellet in one quarter. The coin is in a good condition with all detail still very visible (thickness: 0.4mm; diameter: 25.1mm; weight: 2.98g). Reference: 'English Hammered Coinage: Volume 2: Edward I to Charles II (1272-1662)', Jeffrey J North, 1991, pages 86-7.

A tin halfpenny of William III and Mary II (1688-1694). The coin is incomplete around the edges and is very worn, especially on the obverse as the two heads are very hard to see (thickness: 2.5mm; diameter: 27mm; weight: 9.45g). After 1694, tin halfpennies and farthings were replaced by copper coins. Reference: 'Coins of England and the United Kingdom', Seaby, 30th edition, 1995, pages 231-4.

WMID-526DE2: COIN
A copper alloy as of Antoninus Pius (AD 138-161), dating from AD 154-155 (Reece period 7). BRITANNIA COS IIII, S C reverse type depicting Britannia seated left on rock, head propped on right hand, left hand resting on rock. Mint of Rome. The coin is fairly worn with most of the inscription illegible due to wear and tear around the edges (thickness: 2mm; diameter: 22.1mm; weight: 7.16g). Cf. RIC III, p. 142, no. 934. This is a Coin of British Association as listed by D. Walker in his study of the Sacred Spring at Bath, cf. Walker, 1988: pp. 294, 297-8, nos. 73-122, 136-288, pls. XXXV-VI. Reference: 'Coins of the Roman Empire in the British Museum - Volume IV: Antoninus Pius to Commodus', Harold Mattingly, 1968, Plate 48 / Page 330, No 1971.

A cast copper alloy shoe or knee buckle (length: 30.2mm; width: 28.7mm; thickness: 4mm; weight: 4.30g). A trapezoidal buckle with a drilled frame for separate iron spindle. The frame itself has been decorated with moulded pin rest at each end of the length and concave, bifid sides with moulded bifid knops around the spindle holes. Remains of what is likely to be the chape are visible on the spindle. The underside of the buckle is plain and undecorated. The overall condition of the buckle is fair with little evidence of corrosion apart from the iron spindle across the buckle's width. Most of the chape and all of the pin are now missing. The patina is a green/ grey colour. Similar examples are illustrated in R. Whitehead's 'Buckles' book, particularly on pages 98-9. Specific parallels are seen on Ref Nos 614, 615, 618 & 619. These buckles have been dated from c. 1660-1720, but a slightly broader date range needs to be identified.

WMID-40F5E8: BUCKLE
A cast copper alloy asymmetrical single loop frame, possible shoe or knee buckle (length: 26.9mm; width: 26mm; thickness: 1.7mm; weight: 3.26g). The buckle has some crude linear decoration curving outwards towards the sides of the frame, as well as three incised marks on the end in the centre. The frame is the only part of the buckle surviving. There is no pin or possible spur chape. The overall condition of this buckle is poor with extensive amounts of corrosion and wear, particularly along the strap bar and the opposite end. The patina has a green/ brown colour. Similar examples are illustrated in R. Whitehead's 'Buckles' book, particularly Ref No 597, page 97.

A cast copper alloy shoe or knee buckle (length: 26.7mm; width: 18.1mm; thickness: 11mm; weight: 4.24g). A sub-rectangular shape with drilled frame for separate spindle and moulded transverse lines and grooves along the upper side of the frame. A cast copper alloy stud chape is still attached to the iron bar running across the width of the buckle. There may have originally been a copper alloy spindle projecting from the opposite end of the stud chape from the iron bar, but this no longer remains. The overall condition of the buckle is poor with extensive corrosion particularly along the iron bar, the stud chape and parts of the frame as well as areas of possible bronze disease on the underside of the stud chape. The buckle has a green brown patina. Similar examples are illustrated in R. Whitehead's 'Buckles' book on pages 99-103. They have been dated between 1650-1720 AD.

WMID-15C660: STRAP FITTING
A cast copper alloy probable belt fitting (length: 43.5mm; width: 25.8mm; thickness at lion head mount: 12.2mm; weight: 14.16g). Firstly, the hook/ clasp seems to have lain on its side due to the lion's head protruding out of the circular centre positioned at a certain angle. At the right side, there is a square headed loop which may have been used to attach the fitting to a belt. This loop has been soldered onto the main circular body in the centre (diameter: 25.8mm). In additional, a further smaller circular loop has been soldered on (possibly for the fitting of a hook) at a 90 degree angle to the square headed loop at the opposite end. The male lion's head in the centre of the fitting is very prominent. The face has a heavy mane sweeping out to the sides and protrudes outwards. As the mouth is open and the eyes slightly closed with high cheeks, this may suggest that the lion is roaring. This is a circular rim/ border around the lion. The back of the fitting is plain with no decoration. The circular centre piece slopes inwards to make a bowl effect. The hook/ clasp is in a fair condition with small amounts of general corrosion and wear and tear, particularly on the loops at either end, possibly indicating some use? The artefact has a dark brown patina. This hook/ clasp is certainly post-medieval in date, and most likely dates from the 16th-18th century AD.

A small sherd of 17th/ 18th century slipware (33.9mm x 20.6mm; thickness at point where base meets side: 4.8mm; weight: 4.67g). A rather thin sherd, possibly from a plate or shallow vessel. The fabric is a fine (with small and sparse inclusions) and slightly powdery with a creamy pink colour, while the slip is light brown/ red with creamy yellow additional design on top.

WMID-C31F15: BROOCH
An incomplete trumpet brooch (length: 49.8mm; width (at head): 11.5mm; thickness/ depth: 27.2mm; weight: 8.65g). The head of the brooch is slightly splayed and open with the central lug still attached at the back. The top of the bow is highly arched and becomes slightly more narrow before reaching a moulding with three worn transverse ridges. The protruding button beneath the ridges has short longitudinal grooves. These seem to contain possible remains of red enamel, particularly on the left side. The mouldings are not continuous and only occur on the front of the brooch. A further three transverse ridges appear below the button. The brooch then becomes more narrow towards the slightly upturned foot. There is no spring mechanism or pin remaining, but most of the catchplate is still intact. Overall, the condition of the brooch is poor. There is generally large amounts of corrosion, particularly at the head and the lower part of the bow towards the foot. The brooch has a dark brown patina. This trumpet brooch can be associated with those characterised as the 'Chester and allied' type which cover 75% of the Lower Severn and nearby counties (Hattatt, 1987, 127). A similar example has been found at Lambourn, Berkshire (Hattatt, 1985, pages 108 & 111, fig 45, No 438 B). Trumpet brooches are dated from the late 1st-late 2nd century AD.

WMID-BFA192: BROOCH
An incomplete cast copper alloy Aesica brooch with Celtic-style motif (length: 47.8mm; width (at wings): 21.9mm; thickness (at wings): 5.1mm; weight: 12.66g). This brooch’s style is rather unusual and has its origins among the Rosette/ Thistle brooches of the 1st century AD. The wings have rounded terminals, which at one end, seem to extend out of an open-mouthed decoration. There is a hole at the head in between the wings (diameter: 1.9mm) which perforates through to the back. This would have been for a crest, now missing. There is a simple line of scroll work lifting from one wing terminal, over the perforated hole, and coming down to the other wing terminal. There is another larger perforated hole (diameter: 2.8mm) in the centre of the circular section in the middle of the bow (diameter: 17.8mm). This is also for a crest, now missing, circled by a protruding ridge. This design is very similar to a decorated bronze well-disc found at Monasterevan, Co. Kildare, dating to the Iron Age (Kilbride-Jones, 1980, page 126-7, fig 33, Ref no 2). The hole and circular ridge are surrounded by a crescent decoration. It has been suggested that this feature is also similar in design to a ‘pelta’ or a type of Greek shield with a thick crescent shape and a semicircular indentation on one side (Smith, 1901, page 363-4). The circular section mid bow has a protruding rib running round the edge. There is slight evidence of two small knobs protruding out to the side just below this circular area. The reminder of the bow, leading down to the foot, starts with a width of 13mm and ends at the bottom where it splays out to a width of 19.1mm. There is further Celtic-style motif scroll decoration running down its length (21.9mm). The decoration could be a simplified version of the Elmswell-Broighter Style which is illustrated on a handle and mount from a decorated bronze mirror found at Nijmegen, Holland (Kilbride-Jones, 1980, page 81, fig 21, Ref no 2). The artwork is similar in the formation of a circular head with scrolls running down from it to form two other scrolls facing away from each other. There is no evidence of a hinge/ spring mechanism behind the wings as only the cusp/ cover remains. A substantial amount of the catch plate does remain, but has been interrupted by a break just below the middle of the bow. The brooch has been attached together again. The side profile of the brooch is flat about from the bottom slightly angling out to the front. No pin remains. Overall, the condition of the brooch is rather poor with high concentrations of corrosion specifically at the wing terminals and the bottom/ foot of the brooch, therefore disguising part of the decoration too. The break and missing features especially from the back of the brooch are probable evidence of ware and tear that the brooch has contended with. The brooch has a dark green patina. Close parallels of other Aesica brooches can be seen in Hattatt’s ‘Iron Age & Roman Brooches’, 1985, page 47, fig 20, Ref nos 287-9. However, this unusual Aesica derives from Thistle/ Rosette brooches of the 1st century AD, and you are able to see closer parallels with these brooches. For example, Ref no 285, Fig 19, page 44, Hattatt, 1985. The side profile for this example is flat and more similar to this discussed brooch with Celtic-style motif. Thistle/ Keyhole type brooches are also similar, for example, Ref no 72, fig 41, page 101, ‘Ancient & Romano-British Brooches’, Hattatt, 1982. The distribution for these types covers eastern England, notably Essex, Suffolk and North Lincolnshire as well as some spread down to the south (see distribution map 6, fig 18, page 49, ‘Brooches of Antiquity’, Hattatt, 1987). Dr W Smith; 'Dictionary of Greek & Roman Antiquities' (3rd edition); 1901; pages 363-4.

WMID-ADA414: COIN
A silver hammered probable twopence of Elizabeth I. The reverse mintmark of the bell before 'CIVI' illustrates that this coin was minted between 1582-3 AD. The edges of the coin are quite irregular as may have been clipped in certain areas.

WMID-AB9916: BUCKLE
A cast copper alloy buckle (length: 51.3mm; width: 40.4mm; thickness: 2.1mm; weight: 11.09g). A large double-loop asymmetrical buckle with a slightly looped edge at one end. The buckle becomes more narrow at the centre where the strap bar is present. The pin is missing. Overall, the buckle is in a poor condition with general corroding on the surface. It has a dark brown patina. Similar examples are illustrated in Ross Whitehead's publications: 'Buckles: 1250-1800 AD'. Ref: No. 571 especially, page 91. This type of buckle can be generally dated from 1550-1750 AD.

WMID-AB0E71: MOUNT
A cast copper alloy mount with integral pointed lugs (length: 17.5mm; width: 11.2mm; thickness: 1.9mm; weight: 2.00g). The mount has a pointed shield-shaped design with the two slightly incomplete lugs projecting outwards from the back. The overall condition of the mount is poor with a generally corroded surface. The patina is a dark brown colour with frequent patches of green copper alloy corrosion. Similar examples of this mount have been found in East Devon and South Somerset. This examples have been dated to the 17th century (Read, 2001, pages 27-29 & 37, Ref Nos 322, 323 & 324).

WMID-A89507: COIN
A silver Roman denarius of Lucius Verus (AD 161-169), dating to the period c.AD 163-164 (Reece period 8). TR P IIII IMP II COS II reverse type depicting Mars standing right holding spear and leaning on shield. Mint of Rome. As RIC III, p. 255, no. 516.

WMID-A80FA3: COIN
A cut quarter of a possible Henry III short cross silver hammered penny. From the little evidence we do have from the remains of the coin, the three curls illustrating hair on the obverse may suggest that this coin can be classified as a Class VI, dating from 1210-1217 AD.

WMID-9831D7: TOGGLE
A cast copper alloy toggle/ clothes fastener (length: 25.9mm; width: 19.7mm; diameter of terminals: 10.9mm; weight: 14.46g). The artefact has an oval-shaped body and circular section with flat circular terminals/ discs at either end. A small circular suspension loop has been separately soldered onto the main body. On the underside of the oval body and parallel to the suspension loop, there is an indented and drilled hole protruding into the body. The hole's functional is unclear. The overall condition of the toggle is generally worn and fairly corroded with a pitted surface. The top of the suspension loop does not appear to be particularly worn, which may indicate little use. The toggle has a patchy light green and dark brown patina. The main body of the toggle/ fastener is very similar to an example illustrated by Mills (2000, page 69, Ref no RC189). The only difference is the suspension loop. Mill's illustration shows a triangular loop instead of a circular one. Mills describes this fastener as 'the bar head type' and dates it to the early 2nd century.

WMID-96A4C1: FINGER RING
An incomplete cast copper alloy finger ring with engraved intaglio stone/ gem setting (length of ring from shoulder to shoulder: 20.2mm; width at widest point of bezel: 13.9mm; thickness at bezel: 3.8mm; weight: 3.66g). Only the top of the ring remains and has broken just below the shoulders either side as the arms start to curl back in on themselves. The original internal diameter may have been approximately 18mm. There is incised curved linear and dotted decoration to either side of the central engraved setting. This decoration stops as it meets the shoulders and is replaced by a line of incised dots along the width of the ring. Beyond this line travelling further down the arms, there are incised ridges running down the length of the arm, but the ring is broken just beneath. The blue stone setting is worn and damaged but the outline of a running figure (probably) staged left can still be seen. The figure is possibly wearing a helmet and is holding something to their left side but it is too unclear to recognise. Similar examples have been found in Colchester (Crummy, 1983, pages 48-9, Fig 50, Ref No 1786); Lowbury Hill, Berkshire (Atkinson, 1916, plate XI, Ref Nos 11 & 12) and South Shields (Allason-Jones & Miket, 1984, pages 123-4, Ref Nos 184, 186 & 187). Other examples can be seen as part of the British Museum collection (Marshall, 1907, Plate XIV, Ref no 493). Guy de la Bedoyere illustrates a similar form of ring and described it as a 'circular ring expanding at the bezel: a type typical of the second century' (Bedoyere, 1989, page 122, Ref no 73a). The ring could also be classed under Martin Henig's typology as Class II, of probable 2nd-3rd century date. 'The Romano-British Site on Lowbury Hill in Berkshire'; Donald Atkinson; 1916; Plate XI, Ref Nos 11 & 12; published by University College Reading.

A rim and body sherd of probable Midlands Purple Ware (49mm x 51mm; thickness: 6.5mm; weight: 22.74g). A wheel-thrown and very hard fired earthenware/ stoneware. The inner side of the sherd is glazed with a lead glaze coloured with iron which has migrated from the clay body, giving a brown, black or purplish glaze. Apart from the gritty glazed inner surface, the sherd has few inclusions. Additionally, the sherd is decorated on the outside with ridges and raised spots. Midlands Purple ware originates in the late Medieval period (15th/ 16th century). The wares may come in the form of jars, chafing dishes, jugs, bowls, cisterns and butter pots. This type of pottery was made at several centres throughout its distribution range in the Midlands. Some of the centres may not have been in operation throughout the entire long lifespan of its ware. Production centres are known in Staffordshire (Burslem & Wednesbury), Warwickshire (Chilvers Coton) and Derbyshire (Ticknall) (D. A. Ford, 1999).

A rim sherd of Midlands Yellow ware pottery (79.5mm x 31mm; thickness: 22mm; weight: 40.41g). A hard-fired earthenware with internal (and partly external) lead glaze which fired to a yellow colour while in an oxidising atmosphere. The main fabric has a creamy pink colour with relatively frequent small inclusions of red and black grit. Midlands Yellow ware can be seen in a variety of vessel forms including butter pots which are cylindrical jars in a variety of sizes with distinctive rim profiles made for transporting butter from farmer to consumer (D. A. Ford, 1999). Despite Midlands Yellow ware being made in Staffordshire, it has its origins in the Midland White wares of the 13th-15th centuries. It is recognised as a distinct ware from the 16th century, though it displays no new technology. Kiln centres in the Midlands include Ticknall, Derbyshire and the Nuneaton area in Warwickshire (which was in decline from the end of the 16th century) (D. A. Ford & D. Barker, 1999).

A rim sherd of Midlands Yellow ware pottery (69.5mm x 27mm; thickness: 20.5mm; weight: 42.49g). A hard-fired earthenware with internal (and partly external) lead glaze which fired to a yellow colour whilst in an oxidising atmosphere. The main fabric has a creamy pink colour with frequent small inclusions of red and black grit. Midlands Yellow ware can be seen in a variety of vessel forms including butter pots which are cylindrical jars in a variety of sizes with distinctive rim profiles made for transporting butter from farmer to consumer (D. A. Ford, 1999). Despite Midlands Yellow ware also being made in Staffordshire, it has its origins in the Midland White wares of the 13th-15th centuries. It is recognised as a distinct ware from the 16th century, though it displays no new technology. Kiln centres in the Midlands include Ticknall, Derbyshire and the Nuneaton area in Warwickshire (which was in decline from the end of the 16th century) (D. A. Ford & D. Barker, 1999).

WMID-6DD3F5: VESSEL
A small sherd of late Iron Age pottery (35mm x 41mm; thickness: 8.5mm; weight: 14.00g). A fairly smooth, hard and thick probable sand-tempered fabric with large inclusions throughout and protruding out of the surface. The sherd is a light brown/ red colourwhile the inner surface is almost black in places. This sherd is very similar to examples found during excavations at Gussage All Saints in Dorset, particularly the type classified as Fabric A/C (Wainwright, 1979, pages 49-51). From these other examples, this sherd may have come from a bead rim vessel or flat rimmed barrel jar. In general, these vessels were wheel-made. G. J. Wainwright; 'Gussage All Saints: An Iron Age Settlement in Dorset'; 1979, pages 49-51.

A small sherd of Iron Age pottery (28.5mm x 27mm, thickness: 9.5mm; weight: 5.54g). A hard and fairly thick probable sand-tempered fabric with a smooth fracture and a small even distribution of quartzite throughout. The outer and interior surfaces are fairly rough and a dark grey, black colour. This sherd is very similar to examples found during excavations at Gussage All Saints in Dorset that have been classed as Fabric A/B. From these other examples, we could suggest that this sherd may have come from a bead rim vessel or a flat rimmed barrel jar. In general, these vessels were wheel-made (Wainwright, 1979, pages 49-51). G. J. Wainwright; 'Gussage All Saints: An Iron Age Settlement in Dorset', 1979, pages 49-51.

WMID-6BC8B7: VESSEL
A small wheel-thrown sherd of colour-coated ware (40.5mm x 38.5mm; thickness: 8mm; weight: 15.03g). A soft off-white/ cream coloured fabric with small red gritty inclusions. There is very worn remains of a grey coloured slip on the one side. This type of pottery could be connected with colour-coated cups and beakers with pale brown or white fabrics that were produced in Central Gaul and were widely distributed across Gaul and Britain during the 1st-2nd century AD. However, as the sherd is so worn, it is difficult to tell. Colour-coated wares are defined by Webster as being pottery which has been dipped into a slip rich in iron compounds. The colour of the slip varies but is usually darker than the paste, and occasionally the surface has a metallic lustre (Webster, 1976, 13).

WMID-6A72A2: VESSEL
A wheel-thrown base (and side) sherd of probable Mancetter-Hartshill mortaria (54mm x 56mm with a thickness of 11.5mm at the edge of the base; weight: 45.79g). The sherd has a fine-textured and powdery fabric with an off-white core and inclusions of fine quartz and occasional red-brown and white particles grit. The grit seems to be fairly worn which may indicate that the vessel was used to a fair extent. This type of mortaria has its main source at Mancetter and Hartshill on the Warwickshire/ Leicestershire border, where many kilns have been recorded and excavated. Unfortunately, without part of the rim, it is difficult to date the sherd closely, but the curved base indicates it is probably later in date between 200-350 AD. Its distribution is extensive in the Midlands and north during this time (Tyers, 1997, page 123).

A large body sherd of probably locally made greyware (130mm x 86.5mm; thickness: 11.5mm; weight: 150.59g). This sandy, gritty and micaeous reduced ware was most likely to have be a storage jar. The core of the fabric is slightly darker grey in the centre. The outside of the vessel is a dark grey/ brown colour while the inside is dark grey. Similar examples have been found in Warwickshire and Gloucestershire and have been dated from the 1st-3rd century AD.

WMID-2E0DF3: VESSEL
A small rim sherd of a flanged grey ware vessel, possibly a small bowl (56mm x 34mm; thickness at flange: 12mm; weight: 27.58g). There is a small band of incised linear decoration (width: 7mm) on the lip of the flange. The fabric is hard with frequent small grits.

WMID-2DC5A2: VESSEL
A base sherd from of a large grey ware jar (105.5mm x 66mm; thickness at base: 15.5mm; weight: 131.48g).The fabric is fairly soft and sandy with frequent inclusions of quartz and grit. The core of the base is a different colour to that of the sides. Base: red/ brown at edges with a light grey core in between. The base inside the vessel has a outer ridge and a raised platfrom in the centre. Sides: grey/ brown at edges and orange/ brown core in between. The vessel is most likely to be a storage jar as it is probably made for heavy duty use.

WMID-2C6C26: VESSEL
A sherd from a flanged bowl (101mm x 65mm; thickness at flange: 16.5mm; weight: 95.62g). The form of the sherd looks similar to the flanged black burnished wares, but the colour of this sherd is light brown/ red with a light grey inner fill. The fabric is hard, coarse and fairly sandy. It may have originally been a larger bowl with substantial diameter, but quite shallow. It is likely that these was locally produced due to the sandy material, but may have travelled to nearby distribution areas. Similar examples have been found at York. It is difficult to give the sherd a specific date.

A small rim sherd of Derbyshire ware (56mm x 25.5mm; thickness: 10.5mm; weight: 24.19g). The sherd is hard and coarsely made with a gritted surface like 'petrified gooseflesh', the colour varying from grey and light-brown to red. The surface texture is due to the presence of silica particles in the local clay (Webster, 1976, page 13). The rim is slightly everted. The sherd is similar to Type B examples of rounded rim jars illustrated in fig 9, page 34 as part of a publication by S. O. Kay titled 'Romano-British Pottery Kilns At Hazelwood & Holbrook, Derbyshire' in the Derbyshire Archaeological Journal (date unknown). Most examples of Derbyshire ware are bell-mouthed jars and it has been suggested that the rim form was designed to hold a lid. However, no lids have ever been found and Kay suggests that perhaps a stopper was used instead. Derbyshire ware has been dated between 150-350 AD.

WMID-2BA922: VESSEL
A rim and body sherd of Derbyshire ware. The fabric is hard and heavily gritted with a surface like 'petrified gooseflesh', the colour varying from grey and light-brown to red. The surface texture is due to the presence of silica particles in the local clay (Webster, 1976, page 13). The fill is very thick and coarsely made. There are two small grooves running just below the rim and at the bottom of the neck before the vessel's body slopes outwards. Its dimensions are 74mm x 45mm, the thickness at the base of the neck is 20mm and it weighs 79.05g). This sherd is very similar to an example of type A19 & A37, type A rim, dated from 150-350 AD from the kilns at Hazelwood and Holbrook, Derbyshire, (Webster 1976, 33, fig 6). Most examples of Derbyshire ware vessels are deep bell-mouthed jars. It has been suggested that the rim form is to hold a lid, but no lids have ever been found. Therefore, it may be more likely that stoppers were used instead (Kay 1962, 34).

A body and neck sherd of Black-burnished ware (45mm x 40mm; thickness: 8mm; weight: 19.00g. The sherd has an everted neck with a slight groove before the body of the vessel slopes outwards. The outside surface is burnished while the inside becomes lighter brown towards what would have been the bottom of the pot. These sherds are very similar to cooking pots or storage jars from Greyhound Yard, Dorchester which were were dated from the 2nd century AD onwards (Seager Smith & Davies 1993, Type 2; 230 fig 122). This also indicates that Black-burnished ware vessels were distributed widely throughout most of England.

A body and neck sherd of Black-burnished ware (57mm x 24mm; thickness: 9mm; weight: 12.95g). The fabric is fairly soft with frequent quartz inclusions. The outer surface is burnished while the inner surface is lighter red-brown in colour. This sherd is similar to Type 2 cooking pots or storage jars dating from the 2nd century onwards, from Greyhound Yard, Dorchester (Seager Smith & Davies 1993, 230 fig. 122). This also indicates that the vessel and ware types were distributed widely throughout most of England.

WMID-2ACC63: VESSEL
A rim sherd of Black-burnished ware, probably from a jar with an everted rim and a slight groove at the junction with the upper body. From the shape and angle of this sherd, the pot (when complete) may have been of a substantial size. The fabric is fairly soft with frequent quartz inclusions. Additionally, there are two fairly deep grooves on the outer surface of the sherd which seem to be old abrasions. Its dimensions are 73mm x 54mm, it is 8mm thick and weighs 38.95g. These sherds are very similar to Type 2 (fig 122, page 230) illustrated by Seager Smith & Davies and are classified as being cooking pots or storage jars. These parallels were illustrated as part of excavations taking place at Greyhoud Yard, Dorchester, Dorset between 1981-1984 and were dated from the 2nd century AD onwards. This also indicates that the vessel and ware types were distributed widely throughout most of England.

A rim sherd of Black-burnished ware (72mm x 41mm; thickness: 9mm; weight: 30.41g). The sherd has a slightly everted rim with beading as well as slight ribs running along the rim and neck. The fabric is rather soft with frequent quartz inclusions. The sherd is very similar to cooking pots or storage jars from Greyhound Yard, Dorchester which were were dated from the 2nd century AD onwards (Seager Smith & Davies 1993, Type 2; 230 fig 122). This also indicates that Black-burnished ware vessels were distributed widely throughout most of England

WMID-29EB76: VESSEL
Two sherds of Black-burnished ware that were originally part of the same vessel. The larger sherd measures 97.5mm x 64mm; thickness: 9mm; weight: 81.79g. The smaller sherd measures 56mm x 38mm; thickness: 9mm; weight: 18.60g. The larger sherd has an everted rim with beading. There are ribs running along the rim and neck with a slight groove before the body of the vessel slopes outwards. The smaller sherd is also part of the rim and has the same decoration. The outside of both sides is burnished while the inside becomes lighter brown towards what would have been the bottom of the pot. From the shape and angle of these sherds, the pot (when complete) would have been of a substantial size and rather deep with a large rim diameter and rounded body. These sherds are very similar to cooking pots or storage jars from Greyhound Yard, Dorchester which were were dated from the 2nd century AD onwards (Seager Smith & Davies 1993, Type 2; 230 fig 122). This also indicates that Black-burnished ware vessels were distributed widely throughout most of England

Two Roman samian ware sherds. One is a rim sherd, whose vessel form can not be identified. The other is a mortarium sherd with a slight overhanging flange, (67mm x 42mm; thickness at overhanging flange: 23mm; weight: 34.25g). There are two grooves present behind the flange as well as curvilinear ridges indicating that the vessel was wheel-thrown. Some of the original slip survives and there are frequent black and yellow-white trituration grits on the lower half on the sherd which would have sloped down towards the base. It is possibly from a Form 43 mortaria (Webster 1996, 53 fig. 38). Most examples of this form are East Gaulish, so importation up to the mid 3rd century is possible. If it is a Form 43 mortaria, it can be closely dated between 180-230 AD.

A substantial base and body sherd of a black colour-coated Lower Nene Valley ware 'dog-dish' bowl/dish (120mm x 73mm; thickness: 8.5mm; weight: 114.54g). The fabric is hard with smooth surfaces. There are abundant very fine quartz sand inclusions in the fill. Additionally, there are multiple circular marks on the base of the dish indicating that the dish was wheel-thrown The distribution of Lower Nene Valley ware mainly occurs in south east England (particularly from its main base of Cambridgeshire/ Northamptonshire, centred on Water Newton). However, examples are known from Hadrian's Wall (Tyers, 1996, 175, fig 217, Ref No 87).

WMID-19BFE1: VESSEL
A small body sherd of wheel-thrown Mancetter-Hartshill mortaria (23mm x 20.5mm; thickness: 9.5mm; weight: 8.08g). A fine-textured and powdery fabric with an off-white colour. There are fine quartz inclusions. Infrequent black trituration grits and iron inclusions on the inner surface of the sherd. The inner surface is not very worn, possibly indicating that it may not have seen much use. Mancetter and Hartshill mortaria has a strong concentration on the Warwickshire/ Leicestershire border, where many kilns have been recorded and excavated. Its distribution is extensive in the Midlands and the north and is dated from the mid 2nd-early 4th century (Tyers, 1996, 123).

A small body sherd of wheel-thrown Mancetter-Hartshill mortaria (36mm x 22.5mm; thickness: 9mm; weight: 12.59g). A fine-textured and powdery fabric with an off-white colour. There are fine quartz inclusions in the fill with black and yellow trituration grits and iron inclusions on the inner surface of the sherd. The grit is not very worn, possibly indicating that it may not have seen much use. Mancetter and Hartshill mortaria has a strong concentration on the Warwickshire/ Leicestershire border, where many kilns have been recorded and excavated. Its distribution is extensive in the Midlands and the north and is dated from the mid 2nd-early 4th century (Tyers, 1996, 123).

A base and lower body sherd from a Mancetter-Hartshill mortaria (72mm x 68mm with a thickness of 15.5mm at the edge of the base). The sherd has a fine-textured and powdery fabric with an off-white/ pink core and inclusions of fine quartz and occasional red-brown and white particles as well as iron trituration grit on the inside of the vessel, mostly spread around the sides. The grit does not seem to be very worn which may indicate that the vessel was not used much. This type of mortaria has its main source at Mancetter and Hartshill on the Warwickshire/ Leicestershire border, where many kilns have been recorded and excavated. Unfortunately, without part of the rim, it is difficult to date the sherd closely, but the curved base indicates it is probably later in date between 200-350 AD. Its distribution is extensive in the Midlands and north during this time (Tyers, 1997, page 123).

WMID-98A850: ARROWHEAD
A complete cast iron arrowhead (length: 72mm; width: 19.5mm; thickness (at widest point in socket): 9mm; weight: 14.80g) except for the tip being slightly broken. A triangular blade (length: 35mm) with a diamond cross-section. The socket is complete (length: 37mm) and expands to a larger diameter of 9mm at the bottom. There also seems to be material lodged inside the cavity of the socket which could possibly be wood. Similar examples have been found particularly at castle excavations including Goltho Manor (11th century), Castle Acre (12th century) as well as Rumney Castle and Bramber Castle (13th/ 14th century). Jessop suggests that these arrowheads were mainly used for hunting and span a wide date range from the 11th-15th centuries. The overall condition of the arrowhead is fair. It only has slight corrosion, particularly on the blade, and has a dark brown patina.

WMID-975AE4: TOGGLE
A cast copper alloy Roman dumbell toggle (overall length: 17mm; width: 7.5mm). The artefact has rounded globular terminals (length: 5.5mm) separated by two collars (thickness: 1.8mm) and a narrow section at the central waist (length: 3mm). The condition of the toggle is fair with a slightly pitted surface on the collars and terminals. The patina is a dark green/ brown colour. A similar example has been found at Dragonby, North Lincolnshire and was dated from the 1st-3rd century AD (Knowles & May 1996, 274 no. 34 fig. 11.21).

WMID-8417E0: ARROWHEAD
A flint tanged arrowhead (length: 30.5mm; width: 17mm; thickness: 3.5mm; weight: 1.65g). A small crudely worked arrowhead with more extensive working down one edge. The head is rather uneven and tang is very small and fragile (length: 8mm; width: 6mm) and tapers down into a point. There is remains of the original core surface on one side. This arrowhead is clearly paralleld with those of the Sutton 'a' type which mainly occur in the Upper Thames region, Cotswolds and the Midlands (Stephen Greeen, 1980, page 119).

WMID-837197: BARBED AND TANGED ARROWHEAD
A flint barbed and tanged arrowhead (length: 38mm; width: 29mm; thickness: 4mm; weight: 3.67g). A finely knapped artefact (particularly along the edges) forming a sharply pointed tip as well as particularly square barbs and the base of the arrowhead is convex in plan. The barbs are slightly shorter than the tang and angle upwards to the right on the outside edge. This arrowhead has clear parallels with those of the Conygar Hill types which are present through-out Britain (Stephen Green, 1980, pages 117, 123 & 127, figs 46 & 50). The barbed and tanged arrowheads are largely dated to the early Bronze Age (2,200-1,500 BC).

WMID-826AF1: COIN
A struck/ hammered copper alloy (with remains of thin silver plating) forgery of a Charles II halfcrown (1660-1685 AD).

A cast copper alloy buckle with oval frame and ornate outer edge (length: 18.5mm; width: 21.5mm; thickness: 4.5mm; weight: 2.71g). There are two knobs either side of the outer edge with a central narrow bar in between where the pin would have been attached. The side arms of the frame loop outwards. Pin and plate are missing. There is some iron corrosion along the outer edge, possibly indicating the corroded remains of an iron pin that would have rested there. To either side of the iron corrosion, there are are small knobs which project out to the side. The buckle is in a fair condition and in most places has a light grey/ green patina. A similar example was found at Norwich during the 1971-8 excavations and was dated to the 13th/ 14th century (Margeson, 1993, pages 25-6, Ref no 131).

WMID-81CFD8: BUCKLE
A cast copper alloy spectacle/ double loop oval buckle (length: 21.5mm; width: 21.5mm; thickness: 1.5mm; weight: 2.09g). The buckle is badly corroded and small in shape. Pin is now missing. The axis bar is slightly worn in the centre where the pin would have originally been attached. No decoration. The patina is an orange/ brown colour. A similar example was found during the 1971-8 excavations at Norwich (Margeson, 1993, page 28 & 30, Ref no 164).

A struck/ hammered copper farthing of Charles II, probably dating to 1674 AD.

WMID-80ADD2: COIN
Long cross penny Class 5c

Long cross cut halfpenny class 3.

WMID-46F0E7: COIN
This coin has been classified as Class 5b. As a result of the strange lettering especially on the reverse, this coin may be a contemporary imitation, but it could also show a mistake in the original die-casting. Other contemporary imitations can be seen in J. J. North's article 'Some Imitations and Forgeries of the English and Irish Long Cross Pence of Henry III', The British Numismatic Journal, 1995. Class 5 is the largest and commonest group in the series of voided long-cross coins. As opposed to earlier classes, all coins now have a sceptre on the obverse. The obverse legend now starts at 10 o'clock with the letters III by the sceptre [l-c5] contemp. counterfeit?

WMID-457FF6: COIN
Edwardian penny Class 10ab

A clipped silver halfcrown of Charles I (1641-3 AD).

WMID-42B2B0: TOGGLE
A cast copper alloy Roman dumbell toggle (overall length: 17mm; width: 7.5mm). The artefact has rounded globular terminals (length: 5.5mm) at each end separated by two collars (thickness: 1.8mm) and a narrow section at the central waist (length: 3mm). The condition of the toggle is fair with a slightly pitted surface on the collars and terminals. The patina is a dark brown colour. A similar example has been found at Dragonby, North Lincolnshire and was dated from the 1st-3rd century AD (Knowles & May 1996, 273 no. 34 fig. 11.21).

WMID-601177: CLASP
A cast copper alloy folding clasp (overall length: 33mm; width (at the frame): 13mm; thickness: 2.5mm; weight: 1.68g). The sides of the frame are slightly convex with a ridge near each corner. The folding end is missing. Part of the incomplete plate is still attached (length: 21.5mm; width: 10mm) and has one drilled hole at the far end where the rivet has now disappeared. There is no decoration on the artefact. The clasp is in a fair condition with a dark green/ brown smooth patina. A similar example has been found in London from a late 13th/ early 14th - early 15th century context (Egan & Pritchard, 1991, pages 118, Ref no 552).

WMID-5F8AC5: BROOCH
A cast copper alloy incomplete brooch of Colchester derivative Polden Hill (Mackreth Group 4, flat wing ends), Mackreth 2011, 4.a-4.b, 4c, Plate 46. Overall length: 28mm; width (at wings): 21mm; thickness (at wings): 17mm; weight: 9.27g). Only the top half of the brooch remains and has been broken halfway down the bow. The head leaps over the top of the wings (a characteristic feature of Dolphin and Polden Hills types). Protruding from the head of the brooch, a claw type backward hook reaches out to hold the external chord. The semi-cylindrical short wings are still intact and are open at the rear to take the spring. The copper alloy axis bar is still in place and is held by the pierced circular plate at the wing tips. There are nine turns in the spring still visible. There are flat rounded mouldings at either side of the very top of the head. There is no specific decoration on the brooch, and apart from only the top part surviving, the artefact is in a fair condition with a dark green/ brown smooth patina. A similar example was found at Stainfield in South Lincolnshire. Even though this example was silver plated, there is no other decoration (Hattatt, 1982, page 69, Fig 23a, Ref no 24). Another more elaborate but similar example was found at Hadrian's Wall, near Newcastle-upon-Tyne (Hattatt, 1985, page 85, fig 35, Ref no 377). These two examples were dated to the 1st/ 2nd century AD.

WMID-5C1921: STRAP FITTING
A cast copper alloy asymmetrical mount with integral suspension loops (overall length: 71mm; overall width: 30mm; thickness: 2.5mm, weight: 15.93g). The triple-looped mount has three intact iron rivets: two are at either end and one in the centre. All areas on the front of the mount (except the suspension loops) have foliate decoration. At the top of the mount there are three protruding humps as well as integrally cast fleur de lys at each end of the mount's length. There is no decoration on the back of the mount. Two of the suspension loops are still integrally attached to the main body of the mount, but the third has broken off. The loops are slightly varied in size with an average outer diameter of 11mm and an internal diameter of 6.5mm. Originally, there would have been three hooked fittings or tags attached through the loops. A very similar example has been found in West Somerset (Brian Read, 2001, page 43, Fig 26, No 373) and is described as being 'from a sword belt' and is dated to 16th century.

A cast copper alloy asymmetrical mount with integral suspension loops (overall length: 71mm; overall width: 30mm; thickness: 2.5mm, weight: 15.93g). The triple-looped mount has three intact iron rivets: two are at either end and one in the centre. All areas on the front of the mount (except the suspension loops) have foliate decoration. At the top of the mount there are three protruding humps as well as integrally cast fleur de lys at each end of the mount's length. There is no decoration on the back of the mount. Two of the suspension loops are still integrally attached to the main body of the mount, but the third has broken off. The loops are slightly varied in size with an average outer diameter of 11mm and an internal diameter of 6.5mm. Originally, there would have been three hooked fittings or tags attached through the loops. A very similar example has been found in West Somerset (Brian Read, 2001, page 43, Fig 26, No 373) and is described as being 'from a sword belt' and is dated to 16th century.

WMID-4AF445: COIN
With the accession of James VI of Scotland to the English throne, the royal titles and coat of arms are altered on the coinage. On the latter the Scottish rampant lion and the Irish harp now appear in the second and third quarters (Seaby, 1995).

This coin was probably minted during the reign of Edward IV or Henry VI. There is a possibly that the coin could have been minted in Ireland (at Drogheda: see the rose in the centre on the reverse). Possible Reference: 'Coins of Scotland, Ireland and the Islands', Seaby, page 121, ref no 6375, 1929.

WMID-4A4B66: COIN
A clipped penny of Edward IV (second reign). It was issued by Bishop William Dudley of Durham (1476-83 AD): see the 'D' and 'V' near the bust.

A clipped penny of Edward IV (probably). It could fall in the restored reign of Henry VI (1470-71) but there is no detailed inscription left on the coin to confirm either way. It was issued by Archbishop George Neville (1465-72 AD) at his archi-episcopal mint in York. See the 'G' and key by the bust on the obverse.

WMID-E076D4: SPOON
A cast copper alloy spoon finial (length: 34mm; width at shoulders of blade: 13mm; thickness at shoulders of blade: 3mm; weight: 3.03g). Intregrally cast with the blade, the small handle/ end knob (length: 7mm) has bead, reel and spool mouldings. The blade tapers fairly gently from shoulders to the blade where the forked tip has been broken off to form a jagged edge. The front of the blade has been engraved/ incised with possible animal motifs. This decoration, however, is fairly crude and mostly consists of unidentifiable linear markings. The overall condition of the artefact is fair with a smooth dark brown patina. Other than the forked tip being broken and a number of scratch marks an slight wear on the back, the object is complete.

WMID-DFA492: SPOON
A cast copper alloy spoon finial (length: 41mm; width at shoulders of blade: 12mm; thickness at shoulders of blade: 4mm; weight: 4.24g). Integrally cast with the blade, the small handle/ end knob (length: 12mm) has bead, reel and spool mouldings. The blade tapers fairly gently from shoulders to the blade where the forked tip has been broken off. The front of the blade has been engraved/ incised with possible animal motifs including two possible beasts facing opposite directions. This decoration, however, is fairly crude and mostly consists of unidentifiable linear markings. The overall condition of the artefact is fair with a smooth dark brown patina. Other than the forked tip being broken and a number of scratch marks on the back, the object is complete.

WMID-CA4E74: BROOCH
A copper alloy Knee brooch (length: 33mm; width at wings: 14mm; thickness at bow: 5mm) with remains of silvering across the wings, bow and foot as well as the back of the brooch behind the head and following down the edges towards remains of the catch plate. There is a headloop, which is now incomplete. The wings are very short with the characteristic rounded lugs at each end showing remains of the circular holes where the axis bar holding the spring would have been. The axis bar, spring and bar no longer remain and there are cut marks in the spring cavity which could indicate possible damage while in the ground from a plough. The bow arches to an acute angle and has two raised ribs running down the front. The bow narrows to a width of 3mm before it slightly splays outwards to form the curled foot. Only a small amount of the catch plate occurs. Overall, this is a fairly badly damaged example, particularly at the top of the brooch. The patina is a dark green/ black colour.

WMID-A29CA2: TOKEN
A cast lead pictorial token dating to the 14th century. On the obverse, a crudely stylised bird facing right with a border of rays (now fairly damaged around the edges). The reverse is plain and unmarked. These lead issue tokens date to the reign of Edward III (1327-77 AD). The token is in a poor condition with the edge broken in a number of places, therefore loosing most of the ray border. A parallel for the token can be found in Mitchiner, 1984 with a provenance of London. This has also been dated to the 14th century (Plate 8, Ref 100).

WMID-9D9E27: COIN
A sestertius of Diva Faustina II dating to the period AD 176 to 180. CONSECRATIO reverse depicting altar. Rome mint. RIC III, p. 349, no. 1706.

WMID-237681: JETTON
A sestertius of Diva Faustina II dating to the period AD 176 to 180. CONSECRATIO reverse depicting altar. Rome mint. RIC III, p. 349, no. 1706.

WMID-229DB2: BUCKLE
A cast copper alloy double loop oval buckle (length: 53mm; width: 23mm; thickness: 3mm) with a pointed knob on the outer edge of each loop, one with a notch for the pin. There is incised ring decoration along the upper surface of the frame, as well as traces of gilting. The buckle pin is now missing. This buckle is likely to date from the 16th/ 17th century.

A cast copper alloy cauldron leg (overall length: 41mm; width at foot: 24mm; thickness at base of foot: 15mm). The leg has a triangular profile, with a slight ridge near the top and a smooth and rounded foot at the base. The leg is considerably worn and corroded and has a brown/black patina.

A cast copper-alloy cauldron leg (overall length: 76mm; width at top of leg: 39mm; thickness at top of leg: 26mm) which tapers to a pointed tip at the bottom (approximately 10mm wide). There is a central ridge running down to bottom of the leg. The top of the leg is uneven, with the edges corroded around a central platform which may have been where the leg was attached to the vessel. Overall, the cauldron leg is in a fair condition with small pockets of corrosion near the top and base. The artefact has a smooth dark green/grey patina.

A cast copper alloy cauldron foot (length: 58mm; width at base of foot: 46mm; thickness at base of foot: 23mm). The weight is approximately 240g. The foot has a triangular top to bottom profile and has been broken from the main body of the vessel just above a rim (width: 8mm) that runs across the front. Below the rim, the bottom of the foot protrudes slightly outwards in five toes or paws. The back of the foot is flat, but the base is slightly uneven with the front toe forming a point. The overall condition of the cauldron foot is fair with more concentrated areas of corrosion around the top and base of the artefact. A similar example has been found in London where the feet were part of a large bronze ewer (Museum of London Catalogue, 1965; Field, 1984), but this artefact may date to a slightly later period. 'Irons in the Fire: A History of Cooking Equipment': Rachel Field, 1984, The Crowood Press.

WMID-20C8F2: VESSEL
A cast copper alloy cauldron foot (overall length: 35mm; width at base of foot: 47mm; thickness at base of foot: 34mm). The foot has been broken from the rest of the vessel or vessel leg at the top where the it tapers to a smaller area (length: 14mm; width: 34mm). The foot splays outwards into three protruding paws or toes. One of these has been badly corroded. The overall condition of the artefact is fair with some highly concentrated areas of corrosion down the front of the foot and down the paws. It weighs 153.16g and may have been used to support quite a substantial vessel. A similar example has been found during the Norwich Survey Excavations 1971-8 (Margeson, 1993) and was dated between 1550-1620 AD.

WMID-0B61E7: COIN
A cast copper alloy cauldron foot (overall length: 35mm; width at base of foot: 47mm; thickness at base of foot: 34mm). The foot has been broken from the rest of the vessel or vessel leg at the top where the it tapers to a smaller area (length: 14mm; width: 34mm). The foot splays outwards into three protruding paws or toes. One of these has been badly corroded. The overall condition of the artefact is fair with some highly concentrated areas of corrosion down the front of the foot and down the paws. It weighs 153.16g and may have been used to support quite a substantial vessel. A similar example has been found during the Norwich Survey Excavations 1971-8 (Margeson, 1993) and was dated between 1550-1620 AD.

WMID-0CEEC1: SPINDLE WHORL
A biconical lead spindle whorl (overall diameter: 34mm) with central perforation (diameter: 10mm) that does not narrow more at one end. Both faces are decorated. On one side, there is what appears to be a raised branch-like design with one line splitting into three towards the outer edge of the artefact with occasional dots in between. The other side also has raised linear decoration, but of an elongated cross design which reaches to the far edge of the whorl. It is difficult to date these spindle whorls precisely, but the highly decorated ones like this example usually date to the 15th/ 16th century.

WMID-FBFCC4: BOOK FITTING
A cast copper alloy book clasp (length: 38mm; width: 28mm; thickness: 0.7mm), flat and rectangular in shape. There are three rivets still connected to the clasp. One of these rivets is present near the hooked end, while the other two are nearer the end which splits and protrudes out to the side. The rivets also protrude at the back of the clasp. In the centre of the clasp, there is a cross pattern of five punched holes within a very faint circle (diameter of each hole: 1.5mm), probably for decoration. Similar examples have been found during the Norwich excavations 1971-8 (Margeson, 1993, page 74 & 75, Ref No 452) as well as York (Ottaway & Rogers, 2002, page 2937, Ref No 14480). These examples have been dated between the 15th-17th centuries.

WMID-FB68C4: KEY (LOCKING)
A cast copper alloy casket key (overall length: 37mm; width: 17mm) comprising of a small hooped circular head (diameter: 14mm), a shank which is slightly hollow at the end (length: 21mm) and a simple bit which protrudes out from the shank in a 'I' shape. The key has a smooth grey patina and is generally in good condition. This type of casket key would have been used in chests and cabinets. Similar examples have been dated to the late 12th-early 14th centuries (Read, 2001, page 72, Ref Nos 544-552).

WMID-FAD254: KEY (LOCKING)
A cast copper alloy key with a circular head (diameter: 27mm). There are four large holes around the outer edge of the head, each having an approximate diameter of 5mm. There is a much smaller hole in the centre of the head with a diameter of 2mm. At four points (in a cross shape) on the head, there are four rivets (diameter: 3mm) that appear to be holding three plates together which make up the head. There are slight remains of a collar just below the head. The bottom half of the key consists of a hollow oval-sectioned shank (which is partly broken at the end) measuring 61mm in length and the bit, which is made up of two main prongs with a ridge running down the outer edge, is complete. The overall patina on the key is a rather patchy green/ brown colour. There is slight damage to the head where part of the outer plate has broken away. Additionally, there is a hole of 6mm in length along the shank and just below the collar. Parallels of keys with a circular head similar to this one are less common than other types of keys, but there is a close example in the Museum of London's Medieval Catalogue, 1965, Plate XXX, No 25 which can be dated to the 12th-14th centuries.

WMID-FA36E1: KEY (LOCKING)
A cast copper alloy key with a lozenge-shaped bow (length: 23mm; width:28mm), comprised of a quatrefoil framework with a collar just below. There is a double loop above the framework which has been integrally cast with the rest of the key. The loop protrudes outwards from both sides by approximately 3mm, possibly for attachment purposes. The key has a hollow oval-sectioned shank (length: 58mm) with the bottom of the shank and part of the bit broken. The overall patina is of a dark brown colour and is in a good state of preservation. Parallels of this key have been found in a 14th century context (Read, 2001). The style of a lozenge bow appears throughout the 13th/ 14th century (Mills, 1999).

WMID-F9C111: COIN
A cast copper alloy key with a lozenge-shaped bow (length: 23mm; width:28mm), comprised of a quatrefoil framework with a collar just below. There is a double loop above the framework which has been integrally cast with the rest of the key. The loop protrudes outwards from both sides by approximately 3mm, possibly for attachment purposes. The key has a hollow oval-sectioned shank (length: 58mm) with the bottom of the shank and part of the bit broken. The overall patina is of a dark brown colour and is in a good state of preservation. Parallels of this key have been found in a 14th century context (Read, 2001). The style of a lozenge bow appears throughout the 13th/ 14th century (Mills, 1999).

WMID-F94D61: FINGER RING
A cast copper alloy 'stirrup-shaped' finger-ring with a green stone (3mm x 4mm) set in the bezel which rises up to a point 5mm deep. The stone is crudely placed within the bezel. The hoop has a diameter of 19mm. The ring has a dark green patina and is in a fair condition. Similar examples have been illustrated in Egan & Pritchard, 1991 (Ref Nos. 1608 & 1609, pages 326 & 327) and have been dated to the 13th or 14th century. This type of ring was popular in England from the middle of the 12th century for at least 300 years. Such rings were worn by both men and women (Egan & Pritchard, 1991; Mills, 1999). Examples are known in copper alloy, silver and gold. Some also had imitation gemstone settings in the bezel.

WMID-77FBC2: COIN
A cast copper alloy 'stirrup-shaped' finger-ring with a green stone (3mm x 4mm) set in the bezel which rises up to a point 5mm deep. The stone is crudely placed within the bezel. The hoop has a diameter of 19mm. The ring has a dark green patina and is in a fair condition. Similar examples have been illustrated in Egan & Pritchard, 1991 (Ref Nos. 1608 & 1609, pages 326 & 327) and have been dated to the 13th or 14th century. This type of ring was popular in England from the middle of the 12th century for at least 300 years. Such rings were worn by both men and women (Egan & Pritchard, 1991; Mills, 1999). Examples are known in copper alloy, silver and gold. Some also had imitation gemstone settings in the bezel.

WMID-527776: FINGER RING
A cast copper alloy finger ring. At the top of the ring, the bezel reaches a height of 6mm. The stone/ gem is now missing, but the bezel is of considerable size (length: 5mm; width: 11mm). An inscription runs along the shoulders of the ring from either side of the bezel nearly to the base. The inscription is indecipherable with each letter made up from one or more punched lines with serifs. Due to the position of the inscription on the shoulders, it would be difficult for the letters to make sense when read as they seem to get smaller nearer the bottom. It was probably intended to be a magical/ protective inscription. Overall height of the ring: 27mm; inside diameter: 20mm

WMID-2AFB34: COIN
A cast copper alloy finger ring. At the top of the ring, the bezel reaches a height of 6mm. The stone/ gem is now missing, but the bezel is of considerable size (length: 5mm; width: 11mm). An inscription runs along the shoulders of the ring from either side of the bezel nearly to the base. The inscription is indecipherable with each letter made up from one or more punched lines with serifs. Due to the position of the inscription on the shoulders, it would be difficult for the letters to make sense when read as they seem to get smaller nearer the bottom. It was probably intended to be a magical/ protective inscription. Overall height of the ring: 27mm; inside diameter: 20mm

WMID-2A22A6: AMPULLA
A cast lead pilgrim's ampulla. Part of the top of the artefact has broken off in a diagonal line. One loop at the side is also missing. The loop that is still intact is triangular and projects at a sharp angle. The neck is slightly pinched together where the handles are. The bottom of the ampulla is rounded into a circle, 34mm in diameter at the widest point, and is 9mm thick. The ampulla has been slightly bent down the centre. Two different designs are visible on either side. One has possibly eight radiating wavy lines surrounded by a ring of pellets. The other has a circular design with what looks to be some kind of crest on top. Similarly shaped ampullae have been dated to the 14th or 15th century (Spencer 1998). Ampullae are generally flask-shaped, but with a narrow, flattish section. They were designed to contain a dose of thaumaturgic water that was dispensed to pilgrims at shrines. The loops at either side were used to suspend the ampulla from a cord or chain around the wearer's neck. They were used between the 12th and 16th centuries.

A cast lead pilgrim's ampulla. Part of the top of the artefact has broken off in a diagonal line. One loop at the side is also missing. The loop that is still intact is triangular and projects at a sharp angle. The neck is slightly pinched together where the handles are. The bottom of the ampulla is rounded into a circle, 34mm in diameter at the widest point, and is 9mm thick. The ampulla has been slightly bent down the centre. Two different designs are visible on either side. One has possibly eight radiating wavy lines surrounded by a ring of pellets. The other has a circular design with what looks to be some kind of crest on top. Similarly shaped ampullae have been dated to the 14th or 15th century (Spencer 1998). Ampullae are generally flask-shaped, but with a narrow, flattish section. They were designed to contain a dose of thaumaturgic water that was dispensed to pilgrims at shrines. The loops at either side were used to suspend the ampulla from a cord or chain around the wearer's neck. They were used between the 12th and 16th centuries.

WMID-293B17: STRAP END
A possible strap end made from cast copper alloy. The plate terminates in two three-dimensional lobes or knobs, each 9mm long, projecting outwards to form a Y shape. There is one rivet hole at the opposite end, where the object is split into two plates. The rivet has now disappeared. The overall patina of the artefact is patchy with some corrosion particularly on one side. No parallels have yet been found. Length: 31mm; width (at widest point): 18mm.

WMID-28F084: FINGER RING
A cast copper alloy merchant or signet ring engraved with an unidentified merchant's mark. The ring is complete with an oval bezel ( length: 17mm; width: 11mm) engraved with the merchants mark and surrounded by an engraved border. There are two cut square holes approximately 5mm from the bezel on either side. A possible cut and polished stone or garnet survives in one of these holes; the other is now missing. The ring is particularly corroded along the inside of the loop, but overall the artefact has a light green patina. Height: 27mm; width: 23mm. Parallels found with rings from the 'Salisbury & South Wiltshire Museum Medieval Catalogue; Part 1' (Saunders, 1991).

WMID-C1E562: BUCKLE
A cast copper alloy oval frame with integral plate (possibly from a spur). The oval frame forms into a crude rectangular platform before tapering to a narrow plate with an ornate ending. The end of the plate consists of two slight ridges which then develops into a possible flower motif with a point at the end. There are two probable rivet holes for rivets: one at the rectangular platform where the integral plate develops from the frame, and the other at the very tip. Overall, the frame and plate are badly corroded and narrow with a patchy dark brown patina. From the side, the plate has a slightly humped appearance. Parallels can be found in the Ahmolean Museum as well as excavated finds from London (Egan & Pritchard, 1991).

WMID-C160A4: BUCKLE
A cast copper alloy oval-framed buckle with plate still attached. The buckle has two knobs projecting outwards with two raised bands in between. The oval frame has been slightly worn away at the sides to form a more angular appearance. (Length of buckle: 19mm; width: 23mm). The pin is missing, but the plate (made of a folded metal sheet) still has the holes for where the pin should be. There is a set of crude, engraved and dotted parallel lines running around the outer edge of the plate (length of plate: 39mm; width: 16mm). Evidence of two rivets on the upper and under sides of the plate. However, in comparison to the other rivets, there is only a hole remaining on the under side where one of the rivets does not survive. The plate's folded sheet has separated and the rivets in between have broken as a result. There is no decoration on the under side of the plate. Overall, the buckle and plate are in good condition with a smooth dark green-brown patina. In comparison with finds found in London, this basic style of buckle and plate was a long-lasting fashion, in use from the late 12th to the late 14th centuries (Egan & Pritchard, 1991).

WMID-C08E84: BUCKLE
Two cast copper alloy annular buckles with copper alloy pins. Both buckles have slight decoration. There is a small ridge along the pin of one (diameter: 42mm)which seems to have been crushed as is more oval in appearance. The end of the pin seems to have been broken at one end as it does not reach the other side of the frame. This buckle has a slightly corroded surface with a patchy dark green/ brown patina. The other circular buckle (diameter: 47mm) is much thicker and bigger in comparison and has five distinctive ridges running along the top of the pin. The condition of this buckle is good with a smooth dark green/ brown patina.

WMID-C032D3: WEIGHT
A cast lead shield-shaped weight with a second shield-shaped raised platform in the centre which seems to depict a cross using pellets. The border around this platform is decorated with fourteen pellets along the edge. The back of the weight is flat, except for a slight identation. Length: 66mm; Width: 61mm; Weight: unrecordable

WMID-AD65B4: CLASP
A cast copper alloy clasp frame (without the folded plate)which has a stylized head facing forwards along the outside edge. There are numerous incised lines probably representing hair, below which are a pair of eyes formed by two holes under prominent ridged eyebrows. The eyes are also pronounced by two lines that run away to meet in a point. This could suggest that the face is laughing. A splayed nose runs between the eyes to what could be a smiling mouth. The frame is partly broken and becomes more narrow where the folded plate would have been attached at one end. The incomplete clasp frame is in good condition with a rich dark brown patina. All th facial features are particularly clear. Parallels where faces are used on clasps can be dated from the 13th-15th centuries (Egan & Pritchard)

WMID-ACC271: BROOCH
A probable incomplete cast copper alloy rosette brooch. Although the brooch is highly corroded, the artefact has tubular wings with a slight humped ridge across the top. There seem to be two rivets facing frontwards on the wings at either end with a recessed hole in the centre. Below the wings, there is an integral circular disc with a hole in the centre made through to the other side. At the bottom of the circular plate, there is another recessed hole in the same alignment as the one on the wings. this hole is also marked on the back which could have been for a rivet. The brooch is flat plated and is incomplete without the possible splayed foot which would have extended outwards and could have been attached separately. The spring mechanism at the back still survives, but with a large amount of iron corrosion. The axis bar holding the spring together is still evident at either end of the wings. Overall, the brooch is badly corroded and has a patchy light green patina. Close parallels can be made with the 'keyhole' type (Hattatt, 1987).

WMID-F05255: MOUNT
A cast copper-alloy mount with integral pointed lugs. The mount is in the shape of a cross, with a circular hole in the centre that does not seem to have a practical use but to be more of a decorative feature. The ends of each arm on the cross are jagged with three slightly protruding points. All four lugs are present at the back of the mount but only one of them is complete; this is long enough to bend back to form a hook. The other three are broken before they bend. The overall condition of the mount is poor with a corroded surface and dark brown/ black patina. This mount can be dated to the 16th or 17th century by using parallels of other mounts with integral pointed lugs (Read 2001), and could be used as a fitting to attach on to leather.

WMID-EF60A6: TOKEN
An imitation of a Venetian gold coin.

WMID-EF02E7: COIN
This coin is a forgery of a George III third guinea. The fabric of the coin is poor and the copper alloy corrosion is patchy.

WMID-EE2B33: COIN
Farthing of George II

A copper alloy probable brooch. The top of the artefact forms a hollow cusp that curls slightly backwards from the bow. There is no indication that there ever had been any side wings to this brooch. The head slowly becomes narrow further down towards the foot. The foot of the brooch consists of two ridges which are very worn. There is no catch plate remaining, but something has indeed broken off from that area. There is a crude ridge running from the back of the head to the foot where there are traces of gilt. There also ssems to be very worn decoration down the bow of a criss-cross design. This brooch may be a regional type, but no parallels seem to have been found.

WMID-9BBA45: VESSEL
A probable sherd of Midlands Yellow Ware which is a soft to hard-fired earthenware. The fabric is quite rough and there are patchy remains of a yellow/ green glaze on the outer surface. The inner colour of the sherd is pink and has a grey fill with sparse but coarse inclusions. It seems that the outer surface of the sherd has been coated with a white slip underneath the glaze to stop iron migrating from the pot body. Other decorations are still visible in the form of large zig-zag lines which may have run in bands around the pot. Midlands Yellow Ware has its origins in the white wares of the Midlands in the 13th to 15th centuries. It comes into existence in its own right by the 16th century, but it does not seem to continue in Staffordshire after the 17th century.

Two rim sherds of iron-rich sandy pottery dating to between the 11th and 14th centuries. The larger rim sherd has evidence of slight decoration with mild flaring coming out from the rim to probably form a handle for the vessel. The second sherd also has a well-defined rim. Both sherds have a dark orange/brown body with a dark grey/ black fill. There are sparse small inclusions in the fill. This type of pottery has been found throughout Staffordshire (particularly Stafford) from this period. However, no kilns producing this ware have yet been found in the area. This style of pottery has been found as part of earthenware jars, jugs, bowls, dishes, dripping pans, pipkins and curfews (fire covers).

WMID-9B1A37: VESSEL
A sherd of probable Midlands Yellow Ware, possibly forming part of a handle. It is a soft to hard-fired earthenware with a lead glazed which has fired to a yellow/green colour on the front and slightly along the back. The fabric is white/ cream with sparse inclusions. As well as the glaze the sherd has closely formed looped or 'turning' decoration and each loop continues to form another.

WMID-9AAC27: VESSEL
A sherd of Iron-rich sandy ware dating from the 11th-14th century. The sherd comes from the handle of a vessel and has deep incisions that are up to 21mm in length and form a very crude decoration. The fabric is sandy and is has a orange/brown colour. There is remains of a yellow/ brown glaze running around the incisions. Parallels of this type of pottery can be found amongst the archaeology collections at the Potteries Museum & Art Gallery, Stoke on Trent.

A sherd of Iron-rich sandy ware dating from the 11th-14th century. The sherd comes from the handle of a vessel and has deep incisions that are up to 21mm in length and form a very crude decoration. The fabric is sandy and is has a orange/brown colour. There is remains of a yellow/ brown glaze running around the incisions. Parallels of this type of pottery can be found amongst the archaeology collections at the Potteries Museum & Art Gallery, Stoke on Trent.

WMID-993EA6: COIN
A sherd of Iron-rich sandy ware dating from the 11th-14th century. The sherd comes from the handle of a vessel and has deep incisions that are up to 21mm in length and form a very crude decoration. The fabric is sandy and is has a orange/brown colour. There is remains of a yellow/ brown glaze running around the incisions. Parallels of this type of pottery can be found amongst the archaeology collections at the Potteries Museum & Art Gallery, Stoke on Trent.

A circular copper alloy vessel mount. There are three clear rivet holes (as well as a possible fourth that has been slightly broken) around the outer edge of the disc where there is a raised rim. Another rim is present before the centre of the mount starts to rise to form a circular knobbed projection. Between the outer and innner rim, there is stamoed ring and dot decoration which also appears as a six doted flower-like fearure at regular intervals. This decoration appears again just inside the inner rim. Overall, the mount is a very thin (approximately 1mm) sheet and the rimmed and dot decoration is very clear on the back too. Similar parallels were found as part of the Norwich Survey Excavations of 1971-1978 in a 14th century context, but it is likely that this mount will be slightly more recent.

A sherd of Iron-rich sandy ware dating from the 11th-14th century. The sherd comes from the handle of a vessel with no visible decoration. The fabric in very sandy and has fine inclusions making up part of the fill which is more grey in colour compared to he rest of the body which is a yellow/ orange. Parallels of this type of pottery can be found amongst the archaeology collections at the Potteries Museum & Art Gallery, Stoke on Trent.

A sherd of iron-rich sandy ware dating from the 11th to 14th century. The sherd is part of a jug handle with some evidence of a yellow glaze on the inner side and heavily incised lines running down the outer side. The fabric is very sandy and has fine inclusions making up part of the fill which is more grey in colour compared to the rest of the body which is a yellow/ orange. Parallels of this type of pottery are amongst the archaeology collections in the Potteries Museum & Art Gallery, Stoke on Trent.

WMID-86EDE5: VESSEL
A cast copper alloy cauldron or skillet foot. The bottom half of the foot has a crude triangular section with a large ridge running down the foot. There are a few hollow bubbles possibly occuring when the object was made on the back and front, with some bronze disease occuring in one of them. This type of vessel may have been used in an open fire for general domestic use. It is clear from one end that the artefact broke from a larger leg or vessel. Most cauldron or skillet legs date to the medieval period, generally between the 13th and 16th centuries. Parallels are illustrated in a datable context for this period from York and the Norwich Survey Excavations (1971-1978).

A cast copper alloy cauldron or skillet foot. The bottom half of the foot has a crude triangular section with a large ridge running down the foot. There are a few hollow bubbles possibly occuring when the object was made on the back and front, with some bronze disease occuring in one of them. This type of vessel may have been used in an open fire for general domestic use. It is clear from one end that the artefact broke from a larger leg or vessel. Most cauldron or skillet legs date to the medieval period, generally between the 13th and 16th centuries. Parallels are illustrated in a datable context for this period from York and the Norwich Survey Excavations (1971-1978).

This brooch has a trumpet head which terminates into a flat crescent-shaped plate with scratches or indentations radiatting outwards along the edge. There is no indication of a chain loop extending from the top of the head, but the brooch is particularly worn in this area. There is a central lug behind the head protruding outwards by 8mm with remains of the iron axis bar still attached and a fair amount of iron corrosion. There is no clear 'acanthus' moulding down the front of the bow but the decoration does consist of five ridges protruding at irregular intervals down the centre. A small foot knob consisting of two ridges still exists as does the complete catch plate at the back of the brooch behind the foot. The pin is missing, but otherwise the brooch is in good condition with a well developed dark green patina in places with slight corrosion. There is no clear parallel to this brooch, but its features are still very charcteristis of the trumpet.

WMID-F1F441: BROOCH
An incomplete copper alloy brooch of Colchester derivative Polden Hill (Mackreth Group 5, Western Group, flat wing ends), Mackreth 2011, 5.a3. Plate 49. The wings of the brooch are reasonably wide (28mm) with flattened terminals. The bar holding the spring within the cavity behind the brooch is clearly visible at either end of the wings. The coiled spring still exists with part of the pin extending outwards. However, only the top half of this brooch still exists and is broken just below the head, therefore making its overall length 19mm. There is no decoration visible on the artefact. The remains of the brooch are quite corroded but still possess a deep green patina.

WMID-F1A517: BROOCH
A copper alloy Roman brooch of Colchester derivative, Polden Hill (Mackreth 2011, Part 3, Group 3, hybrid Plate 46). The pin and most of the catch plate missing. The wings of the brooch are fairly short with rounded and worn ends. Most of the bow still remains but the foot has been damaged and broken off, taking part of the catch plate with it. There is simple decoration including very slight appendages to each side of the head, four incised lines running down the front of the bow and one line running down each side. No evidence of the spring mechanism exists except for the hollow recess at the back of the wings where it was once held in place. There is also a deep hole that intercepts the four lines down the front of the bow. It is slightly off-centre and irregularly cut into the metal in rather a crude fashion. This could have been a recess for a stud or stone to be placed. There is a reasonable amount of extensive corrosion particularly along the bow, but the brooch generally possesses a deep green patina.

WMID-DDFDA6: BUCKLE
A cast copper alloy single loop buckle. It has a sub-rectangular shape and has expanded, splayed feet with narrow and recessed strap bars.The pin is completely missing but there is a fragment of extra corrosion on the along the strap bar where the pin would have been attached. A slight groove along the rounded outer edge of the buckle can still be seen to indicate where the point of the pin would have lain. Generally, the buckle is badly corroded and worn all over. There is no evidence of decoration and the buckle has a dark brown patina. Parallels of this type of buckle have been generally dated from the 16th to 17th century.

WMID-DD9445: COIN
Threepence of Elizabeth I

Threepence of Elizabeth I

WMID-4A0230: JETTON
A fourteenth century English jetton.

A cast copper alloy double loop asymmetrical buckle with hook and pin still attached, measuring 42mm long and 25mm wide. The buckle frame has a trapezoidal shape at one end and a rounded shape the other. There are two notched points protruding from the rounded end of the buckle frame forming a simple decoration. The buckle plate is made from a thin copper alloy sheet folded in half to make a rectangular shape, with two rivets at one end (both approximately 3mm in diameter) which sandwich the hook in place which had been added separately. At the other end of the plate, a slot exists for the complete pin to wind round the strap bar. The pin tapers off to a point and still rests on the outer bar of the trapezoidal end of the buckle plate. The buckle is in reasonable condition with the buckle frame possessing a darker brown patina while the plate, hook and pin are in a slightly worse condition of corrosion forming a patchy green and brown patina. This type of buckle is post medieval, dating between the 16th to 18th centuries. Parallels can be seen in Buckles (Whitehead, 1996).

A Viking imitation of a St. Edmund coin (memorial coinage by Danish settlers), moneyer probably Chenapa?

WMID-4CC758: COIN
A Viking imitation of a St. Edmund coin (memorial coinage by Danish settlers), moneyer probably Chenapa?

WMID-4BA415: COIN
A Viking imitation of a St. Edmund coin (memorial coinage by Danish settlers), moneyer probably Chenapa?

WMID-4A6D60: COIN