Record ID: LEIC-084A97
Object type: AXEHEAD
Broad period: UNKNOWN
County: Nottinghamshire
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
An iron axehead of an uncertain date, dating to c.AD 800 - 1500. The axehead is triangular in plan and profile. The socket is sub-triangular in shape with a rectangular-shaped butt. The axehead tapers slightly before widening to a flared crescentic blade. The axehead has a mid orange patina with brown mottles. Length: 185 mm Weight: 109.21 Thickness: 41.42 mm Weight: 915 g The axehead appears to fit with Petersen Type G (Wheeler Type IV), a more direct date cannot be attributed as this type of axehead was used from the Early Medieval period through to the late Medieval.
Created on: Wednesday 8th December 2021
Last updated: Thursday 3rd March 2022
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: WILT-2E4020
Object type: AXEHEAD
Broad period: MEDIEVAL
County: Wiltshire
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
A complete Late Anglo-Saxon (Early Medieval) to early Post Medieval iron single bladed axehead, dating to c AD 850 - 1650. The surface is moderately corroded. It has an almost symmetrical form, but with a slightly extended beard on the lower part of the curved cutting edge. Something of the bevel on the cutting edge remains. The blade narrows towards the axe head (point of contact with handle, now missing) flaring out again to create two sub triangular extensions (axe lips or lugs) above and below, on both sides, of the axe eye (opening for handle). These gave more wood (handle) to me…
Created on: Monday 5th July 2021
Last updated: Thursday 24th March 2022
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: SUSS-343A3A
Object type: SPEARHEAD
Broad period: EARLY MEDIEVAL
County: West Sussex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
A complete iron socketed spearhead of Early Medieval date c. 525-585. The blade and socket are complete but heavily corroded. The socket is circular in cross-section and split on one side. It measures 140mm in length and 20mm in diameter at the wider end. Below the socket is a corroded protrusion that is the remains of an iron rivet that would have secured the blade to the shaft. The parallel sided, leaf shaped blade has gently sloping shoulders between the blade and socket shaft and is slightly lentoid in cross section. There are two pairs of opposing notches on both edges of t…
Created on: Wednesday 23rd June 2021
Last updated: Wednesday 22nd December 2021
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: SWYOR-680620
Object type: AXEHEAD
Broad period: MEDIEVAL
County: Rotherham
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
A probably Medieval iron axehead dating from AD 1100 - 1500. The socket is incomplete, with one face missing. The cutting edge is convex, or this may be a broken end. It is wider than the rest of the blade, which tapers smoothly to the socket. The sides of the socket are shaped into a point so the socket is taller than the neck of the blade. It is covered with corrosion. Weight is 1470g, Length 262mm, Width 98mm and Thickness 28mm. Dr Kevin Leahy looked for parallels to the shape in books by Manning on Roman iron, Goodhall on Medieval ironworkand Salman on recent tools, and sugg…
Created on: Thursday 20th May 2021
Last updated: Tuesday 25th May 2021
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: WMID-FE8819
Object type: UNIDENTIFIED OBJECT
Broad period: UNKNOWN
County: Staffordshire
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
An incomplete iron object of uncertain date. The object is roughly oval in plan and flat in profile. The object may have been sharpened at one end so could be the remains of a blade. The possibly sharpened end is slightly flattened, whilst the opposite end tapers and is rounded off. The object could also represent spillage from metalworking. It has mid-green copper alloy staining and shows signs of corrosion on both faces. The overall dimensions are as follows: 79.19mm in length, 31.47mm in width, 6.94mm in thickness and 67.72g in weight.
Created on: Wednesday 5th September 2018
Last updated: Friday 7th September 2018
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: CAM-5D8F2E
Object type: AXEHEAD
Broad period: EARLY MEDIEVAL
County: Cambridgeshire
Workflow stage: Published
An iron axehead of Early-Medieval date. These early Anglo-Saxon 'Francisca', Frankish throwing axes date from the 5th to the 8th century AD. The example recorded in this PAS record is a type from early in the chronology of Francisca. The remains of this socketed tool-head weigh c.0.6kg (600.00g). It has a length of c.146.0mm, maximum width of c.37.0mm and maximum height of c.85.0mm. The butt-end of the tool is flat and sub-rectangular in shape measuring 41.5mm x 36.7mm with angular corners on all, but the upper, edges. The sides of the tool-head expand slightly with a convex curve …
Created on: Sunday 29th April 2018
Last updated: Thursday 10th May 2018
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Huntingdon District Area', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: CAM-5D7341
Object type: AXEHEAD
Broad period: UNKNOWN
County: Cambridgeshire
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
An iron axehead of uncertain date. The remains of this socketed tool-head weigh c.1.1kg (1100.00g). It has a length of c.160.0mm, maximum width of c.55.0mm and maximum height of c.61.0mm. The butt-end of the tool-head has an irregular oval shape through which is a sub-rectangular socket. This socket has a length of 39.0mm and width of 20.9mm. The width of the artefact then starts to taper forming what now appears to be a triangular cross-sectioned bladed end. Iron decay in the form of rust is present over all surfaces of this artefact and in places it is obvious that varying sized …
Created on: Sunday 29th April 2018
Last updated: Friday 11th May 2018
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: WMID-8748EC
Object type: CANNON BALL
Broad period: POST MEDIEVAL
County: Staffordshire
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
A cast iron Post Medieval cannon ball, probably dating to circa AD 1500 - 1700. The object is spherical in shape with pitting and corrosion visible on the surface. The cannon ball has an orange coloured patina across its surfaces. Abrasion caused by movement whilst within the plough soil may have resulted in the loss of some of the original surface detail and full diameter and weight. The diameter and weight suggest that the type of cannon used to fire the cannon ball may have been the Demi-Culverin. This cannon had a 4 inch bore and fired a ball weighing 9.5 lb (4309 g). Gordon…
Created on: Thursday 19th April 2018
Last updated: Wednesday 25th April 2018
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: NLM-55DD82
Object type: BLOOM
Broad period: POST MEDIEVAL
County: North Lincolnshire
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
Iron metalworking debris. A large oval-ended furnace bottom or bloom [the finder's identification] with a flat top and near-vertical if irregular sides, formed either in the base of an iron ore burning furnace or in a channel cut to receive molten metal from such furnace. The object was retrieved from a reported depth of c.0.9m, and involved the cooperative labours of two people working at arms' length to extract it from the hole. Dr Kevin Leahy kindly comments that the object has the superficial appearance of cast iron, and that this would carry with it an implication of a date af…
Created on: Tuesday 29th August 2017
Last updated: Tuesday 26th September 2017
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: WILT-919D8F
Object type: AXE
Broad period: MEDIEVAL
County: Wiltshire
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
A complete iron axehead of medieval to post-medieval date (AD 700-1660). The object is sub-rectangular with a wedge shaped blade and an open triangular socket. None of the haft is retained. It is c 225.50mm in length and 91.20mm in width/height at the cutting edge The blade tapers towards the socket where it is 49.36mm in width/height, then widens to 57.43mm at the far end of the socket. The triangular aperture is 56.80mm x 38mm. The thickness of the blade is 25mm at the join with the socket and tapers away to a blunt point at the cutting edge. The thickness of the metal around the…
Created on: Monday 26th September 2016
Last updated: Sunday 6th November 2016
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: WILT-0BBFE7
Object type: HELMET
Broad period: POST MEDIEVAL
County: Wiltshire
Workflow stage: Published
An incomplete iron helmet of post-medieval date probably a English civil war lobster pot helmet. The helmet is 200mm in surviving height and 210mm wide and 300mm in length. The helmet is formed of two plates joined in the centre with a raised comb. A number of incomplete rivets survive within the two plates, internally they have square sectioned washers (12.6mm wide). The front of the helmet is incomplete in places, the front plate extends 55mm from the raised comb. The front edges has been curled downwards slightly, at this point the helmet is 0.75mm thick. The raised comb widens and…
Created on: Monday 9th November 2015
Last updated: Tuesday 14th June 2016
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: LVPL-17B859
Object type: KNIFE
Broad period: ROMAN
County: Denbighshire
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
An iron whittle tanged knife of Roman to Medieval date. The blade measures 93.02mm in length and the tang 13.17mm in length. The tang is incomplete. Each edge is slightly curved with the cutting edge measuring 1.28mm thick and the opposite edge measuring 2.07mm. The knife terminates with a rounded point. The surfaces of the object are uneven due to corrosion. It is mid-brown in colour. The form is of Manning's Roman Type 16, which he says is a long-live type. The form would also be quite acceptable in the Early Medieval period (Drinkall type A) and there are good parallels in Cowgi…
Created on: Thursday 11th September 2014
Last updated: Thursday 11th September 2014
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Tremeirchion', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: LANCUM-1B1C8A
Object type: KNIFE
Broad period: ROMAN
County: Cumbria
Workflow stage: Published
A Roman iron knife blade and a cast copper alloy scabbard fitting, found together. The knife measures 125mm in length, 16.5mm in width and 6mm in thickness and it weighs 33.24g. The scabbard fitting, which came from the top of the sheath measures 35mm x 11.5mm x 8mm and the metal is c. 1.2mm thick. It weighs 10.07g. This type of knife is long-lived, but the scabbard mount probably dates from the earlier Roman period, that is the 1st or 2nd century AD. The knife was tanged with a probably symmetrical, leaf-shaped blade and a tang that the wooden handle was mounted on. Remains of the…
Created on: Monday 30th June 2014
Last updated: Friday 22nd April 2016
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Urswick', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: SWYOR-496F04
Object type: STEELYARD
Broad period: POST MEDIEVAL
County: Kirklees
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
A cast iron artefact, probably an incomplete steelyard balance. It is in the form of a circular-sectioned rod, one end of which is stepped and thicker than the central section with, at the other end, a flat plate of metal of sub-rectangular shape, the outer end of which is rounded and pierced with a circular hole. Where the plate meets the rod there is a thickened circular collar. The upper face of the plate is then marked with a broad, transverse groove. The reverse of the plate is concave. The edges of the rectangular plate are damaged, but there are two short stubs of metal project…
Created on: Tuesday 27th May 2014
Last updated: Tuesday 14th May 2019
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: NLM-DF43C3
Object type: PLOUGH
Broad period: EARLY MEDIEVAL
County: Lincolnshire
Workflow stage: Published
Iron plough coulter, as kindly identified by Dr Kevin Leahy, intended to cut the sod which is then lifted by the plough share and, when it was introduced, turned by a mould board. Heavy wrought iron blade of V section of length 290mm, with an angled back towards its point and worn to a convergent point on its cutting edge, and with a thick and [now] rectangular tang of length 83mm; the junction between tang and blade is angled at forty-five degrees. The blade is at its broadest just before the convergence of the upper and lower edges begins. Dr Leahy notes the object resembles Anglo-S…
Created on: Wednesday 26th February 2014
Last updated: Friday 19th February 2021
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Laughton', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: SWYOR-A808B0
Object type: SPEAR
Broad period: MODERN
County: Wakefield
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
An iron spear of Modern date, possibly a replica or ethnographic piece. It has an angular blade which is a lozenge in section. The neck is sub-square in section and the socket is a rounded square near the neck, gradually changing to oval in section at the end. The socket appears to be of solid construction. An unusual feature, and the one that indicates a Modern date, is a bolt across the socket of which only the hexagonal head and nut can be seen projecting from the sides of the socket. The socket is full of earth and corrosion. When recovered from the ground, the spear had laye…
Created on: Thursday 30th January 2014
Last updated: Tuesday 5th May 2020
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: LON-6FF7E6
Object type: DAGGER
Broad period: MEDIEVAL
County: Greater London Authority
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
A Medieval iron dagger possibly dating to the 15th - 16th century. The blade is double-edged with a lozenge-shaped cross-section. The tang tapers slightly (from 15mm to 7mm) towards the end and has a rectangular cross-section. The end of the tang has been hammered flat against the handle that is no longer present. The tip of the blade is broken but has been reattached by the finder using tape. Dimensions: length: 290mm; width: 34.35mm; thickness: 11.16mm; weight: 159.29g.
Created on: Monday 18th March 2013
Last updated: Thursday 11th July 2013
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: SOM-D58A95
Object type: SPEAR
Broad period: UNKNOWN
County: Somerset
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
Iron spearhead with an elongated leaf shaped blade which appears to narrow then widen again to broad projecting points (ricasso) above the socket. The blade is pointed oval in section with a slightly thickened centre but no midrib. It is 35.5mm wide at the widest point and 26.6mm at the narrowest section above the projecting points. This narrow section is damaged but does appear to be an original feature although the alternative, that it originally continued straight before curving out to the projecting points, cannot be ruled out. It is 30.8mm across at the points and 3.5mm thick. Th…
Created on: Tuesday 16th October 2012
Last updated: Tuesday 16th October 2012
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: YORYM-C70664
Object type: AXEHEAD
Broad period: UNKNOWN
County: North Yorkshire
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
A complete iron axehead of uncertain date. The axehead is of the bearded type being sub-rectangular in plan with an expanded blade with a pronounced downward projection. Much of the original cutting edge has been lost to degradation though it appears to have had a gentle curve. The socket of the axe is deltoid in plan with two sub-triangular projections from the bottom edge which would have stabilised the axe on the wooden shaft. The metal is a mid orangey-brown colour and is heavily corroded. The axehead is 158mm long, 126.5mm wide at the blade, 71.3mm wide at the socket, 3.2mm thi…
Created on: Friday 21st September 2012
Last updated: Friday 21st September 2012
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: BH-E23E57
Object type: AXEHEAD
Broad period: MEDIEVAL
County: Hertfordshire
Workflow stage: Published
An iron axehead of probable Late Medieval date. The socket is of sub-triangular section and contains what appears to be the mineralised remains of the wooden shaft, held in place by an iron wedge. The butt is roughly vertical, the upper side of the socket is convex and slopes upwards, towards the blade, and there is a pronounced lip at its base. The thickness of the blade gradually tapers, towards the convex cutting edge. The upper side of the blade is straight, gradually sloping upwards, while the underside has a pronounced concavity, with its lower corner located well below the ba…
Created on: Friday 17th August 2012
Last updated: Wednesday 4th July 2018
Spatial data recorded.