Record ID: CAM-E9D305
Object type: FINGER RING
Broad period: ROMAN
County: Northamptonshire
Workflow stage: Published
A copper-alloy strip from a Roman bracelet that has been cut down to form a small finger-ring. The strip has a rectangular cross-section. Weight is 1.49g, width 5.82mm narrowing to 5.30mm. Length 38mm now bent round into a 'C' shape. The outer surface at the widest end is decorated with criss-crossed incised lines for a length of 8.64mm. The next rectangular field is decorated with six incised ring and dot motifs of 2.25mm diameter that are arranged in lines of one, two and three motifs that form a triangle. The field containing the ring and dot motifs are bordered on each side by a w…
Created on: Thursday 25th November 2010
Last updated: Sunday 6th December 2015
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Aldwincle Area', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: CAM-825902
Object type: COIN
Broad period: IRON AGE
County: Northamptonshire
Workflow stage: Published
A gold Iron Age quarter stater of the Eastern Region / Catuvellauni, struck by Tasciovanus, c. 20 BC - AD 10. Hobbs BMC 1645; Rudd ABC 2592. This coin is very rare.
Created on: Friday 15th April 2011
Last updated: Friday 6th May 2011
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Islip Area', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: CAM-A8FB05
Object type: VESSEL
Broad period: ROMAN
County: Northamptonshire
Workflow stage: Published
A single sherd from a ceramic fineware vessel. The sherd is from the area where the base curves upwards to form the wall. Weight 5.84g, thickness of the base 6.22mm, thickness of the wall just above the base 4.20mm. Maximum height of the sherd 11.30mm. Use of a rim chart indicates that the vessel base had a diameter of 75.00mm and that about 21.25% of the circumference of the base survives. The fabric of the sherd is very pale creamy white with a dark grey reduced outer surface at the base which seems to possibly be changing to lighter grey at the top of the sherd. The fabric is very …
Created on: Friday 28th October 2011
Last updated: Tuesday 17th November 2015
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Yarwell', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: CAM-477AD4
Object type: BROOCH
Broad period: ROMAN
County: Northamptonshire
Workflow stage: Published
An incomplete copper-alloy bow brooch, probably a sprung dolphin type AD 43-65. The spring and pin are missing. The wings are curved and decorated on the outer surface with two slight vertical grooves. The bow has a sub-triangular cross-section with fluted edges on the upper surface. The foot of the bow has a curved terminal. A catch plate with return survives and the catchplate has a triangular pierced centre. Weight is 4.2g, total width (across wings) is 16.80mm, total length is 29.80mm, maximum width of bow (just below base of wings) is 6.44mm, length of catchplate is 16.27mm.
Created on: Monday 14th January 2013
Last updated: Wednesday 23rd January 2013
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Islip Area', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: CAM-478D36
Object type: BROOCH
Broad period: ROMAN
County: Northamptonshire
Workflow stage: Published
A copper-alloy Colchester derivative (double lug) or Harlow type, dating to the first century AD 43-100. This brooch is incomplete with the lower end of the bow and part of the pin missing. The chord is external, passing through the upper hole of the lug. The wings are curved and have a single vertical groove 1.45mm in from the end on the outer surface. The spring is of c.14 coils. There is a distinct division between the wings and the top of the bow. The bow has a 'D'-shaped cross-section. The upper surface of the bow is decorated with a central vertical rib 1.52mm wide and defined b…
Created on: Monday 14th January 2013
Last updated: Tuesday 14th January 2014
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Islip Area', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: CAM-479747
Object type: BROOCH
Broad period: ROMAN
County: Northamptonshire
Workflow stage: Published
A copper-alloy Colchester derivative brooch of double pierced lug type, AD43-100. The spring and pin are missing with the exception of a short length of 2.89mm of copper-alloy wire that stucks out from the upper lug piercing. The wings are flat and rectangular in shape. The bow is very thin, with a maximum width of 3.50mm just below the lower edge of the wings. The bow has a triangular cross-section and just a slight impression of a groove along either edge on the upper surface. The bow tapers to a rounded terminal behind which is a solid catchplate and return. This catchplate has a l…
Created on: Monday 14th January 2013
Last updated: Tuesday 14th January 2014
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Islip Area', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: CAM-48F4C7
Object type: RING
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Northamptonshire
Workflow stage: Published
A copper-alloy ring or ferrule of uncertain date or function. The ring has a 'D'shaped cross section. The external diameter is 23.97mm. The band has a thickness of 2.60mm and width of 11.87mm. The internal surface of the band is slightly rough which might suggest that this was not used as a finger-ring but some form of unidentified ferrule. The outer surface is decorated with three parallel grooves following the circumference of the band. This decoration forms four raised parallel lines that gives the appearance of a coil. Weight is 10.5g. Peter Reavill comments "patina definately s…
Created on: Monday 14th January 2013
Last updated: Monday 12th May 2014
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'East Northamptonshire Area', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: CAM-8A78F2
Object type: CUFF LINK
Broad period: POST MEDIEVAL
County: Northamptonshire
Workflow stage: Published
Description: A silver disc of shaped sheet metal that has a loop soldered onto the reverse surface, which would have been one half of a cufflink. Weight is 0.90g. The central field has a diameter of 13.5mm after which the edge of the metal disc turns down to form a skirt, of approximately 2.6mm length, that ends in an out-turned lip. The centre 11.3mm diameter is depressed and slightly stippled. Filling most of the depressed zone is a raised, to the same height as the edge of the disc, design of a heart with flame above and two arrows crossing through the centre. The tips of th…
Created on: Monday 9th February 2015
Last updated: Monday 6th March 2017
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: CAM-3B2446
Object type: VESSEL
Broad period: POST MEDIEVAL
County: Northamptonshire
Workflow stage: Published
A ceramic vessel sherd from a stoneware container referred to as a 'Bellarmine' or 'Bartmann' jug or bottle. These were made in Germany from c. AD 1300 and peaked in imports to England in the early seventeenth century AD and by the beginning of the eighteenth century AD imitations were being manufactured in England, see . This sherd weighs 21.42g, has a maximum thickness of 9.3mm, maximum width of 51.4mm and maximum height of 40.1mm. All of the edges of this sherd…
Created on: Tuesday 17th February 2015
Last updated: Tuesday 17th November 2015
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Lowick Parish Area', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: CAM-468B2E
Object type: COIN
Broad period: ROMAN
County: Northamptonshire
Workflow stage: Published
A copper-alloy Roman Antonine Sestertius of Marcus Aurelius or Commodus dating to the period AD 161-192 (Reece period 8 or 9). Reverse is illegible, depicting an unclear standing figure. Mint of Rome. Die axis is probably 6 o'clock.
Created on: Friday 2nd August 2019
Last updated: Monday 16th September 2019
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: CAM-46A7F5
Object type: COIN
Broad period: ROMAN
County: Northamptonshire
Workflow stage: Published
An incomplete copper-alloy Roman coin, probably a Sestertius, dating to c. AD 117-96. Both the obverse and reverse are illegible. The obverse and reverse legends are also illegible. Mint is uncertain. Die axis is uncertain.
Created on: Friday 2nd August 2019
Last updated: Monday 16th September 2019
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: CAM-46B99B
Object type: COIN
Broad period: ROMAN
County: Northamptonshire
Workflow stage: Published
A copper-alloy Roman radiate of Victorinus, AD 269-271 (Reece period 13) dating to the period AD 269-271. Reverse type: [INVIC]TVS, depicting Sol invictvs. Gaul Mint 1. Die axis is 6 o'clock. Cunetio p. 149, cf. no. 2534.
Created on: Friday 2nd August 2019
Last updated: Monday 16th September 2019
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: CAM-46C8C2
Object type: COIN
Broad period: ROMAN
County: Northamptonshire
Workflow stage: Published
A copper-alloy Roman radiate of Claudius II, AD 268-270 (Reece period 13). Reverse: [A]EQV[ITAS AVG] depicting Aequitas holding cornucopiae and scales. Mint is Rome. Die axis is 6 o'clock. This coin is possibly a contemporary copy. For general type, see Cunetio p. 135, no. 1975 passim.
Created on: Friday 2nd August 2019
Last updated: Monday 16th September 2019
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: CAM-46DAED
Object type: COIN
Broad period: ROMAN
County: Northamptonshire
Workflow stage: Published
A copper-alloy Roman barbarous radiate, copying a radiate of Tetricus I AD 271-274 or Victorinus AD 269-271 (Reece period 14) dating to the period AD 275-285. Reverse legend reads: SATI[?...]. Depicting Salus feeding snake rising from altar, mixed with Spes holding a flower. Mint is unknown. Die axis is 12 o'clock.
Created on: Friday 2nd August 2019
Last updated: Monday 16th September 2019
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: CAM-46EAD5
Object type: COIN
Broad period: ROMAN
County: Northamptonshire
Workflow stage: Published
A copper-alloy Roman Nummus of Constans, c.AD 337-341 (Reece period 17). Reverse: [SECVRITAS REI P], depicting Securitas standing facing, head right, holding vertical sceptre in right hand and leaning on column. Mint is uncertain. Die axis is 6 o'clock. This type was only struck at the Mint of Rome. See RIC VIII, pp. 249-50, no. 6 passim.
Created on: Friday 2nd August 2019
Last updated: Monday 16th September 2019
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: CAM-46FCFE
Object type: COIN
Broad period: ROMAN
County: Northamptonshire
Workflow stage: Published
A copper-alloy Roman contemporary copy of a nummus of the House of Constantine AD 307-361 (Reece period 17) dating to AD c.330-c.340. VRBS ROMA type, depicting she-wolf and twins. The obverse has an imperial bust as opposed to a helmeted bust of Roma. Mint is unknown. Die axis is 6 o'clock.
Created on: Friday 2nd August 2019
Last updated: Monday 16th September 2019
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: CAM-301115
Object type: COIN
Broad period: ROMAN
County: Northamptonshire
Workflow stage: Published
A contemporary copy of a silver denarius of Septimius Severus (AD 193-211) (Reece 10), with blundered reverse legend: INPVIVIIM/VI COS IIII, Aequitas standing left holding scales and cornucopiae. Obverse legend also somewhat blundered: T SEV PERT/AVG IMP. Obverse shows laureate head right. Die axis is 6 o'clock. Weight is 2.58g, diameter is 17.9mm, thickness is 2.4mm.
Created on: Friday 14th March 2014
Last updated: Tuesday 6th May 2014
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: CAM-2EB0E2
Object type: COIN
Broad period: ROMAN
County: Northamptonshire
Workflow stage: Published
A lightly clipped silver siliqua of Arcadius (383-408), dating to AD 395-402 (Reece Period 21), VIRTVS ROMANORVM, Roma seated left. Mint of Milan, RIC X, p,. 321, 1227.Obverse shows pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right. Die axis is 12 o'clock. Weight is 1.32g, diameter is 15.9mm, thickness is 1.3mm.
Created on: Friday 14th March 2014
Last updated: Tuesday 6th May 2014
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: CAM-2EDF46
Object type: COIN
Broad period: ROMAN
County: Northamptonshire
Workflow stage: Published
An almost complete silver denarius of Commodus (AD 180-192), dating to AD 187-88 (Reece Period 9) P M TR P XIII IMP VIII COS V P P; Aequitas standing left. Mint of Rome. RIC III, p. 164 no. 164. Obverse legend reads M COMMAN-P - FEL AVG BR. Obverse shows Laureate head right. Die axis is 6 o'clock. Weight is 2.50g, diameter is 18.0mm, thickness is 2.3mm.
Created on: Friday 14th March 2014
Last updated: Tuesday 6th May 2014
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: CAM-2FEB36
Object type: COIN
Broad period: ROMAN
County: Northamptonshire
Workflow stage: Published
A silver denarius of Severus Alexander (AD 222-35), dating to AD 229 (Reece Period 11), P M TR P VIII COS III P P, Mars advancing left. Mint of Rome. RIC IV, pt. 2, p. 77, no. 92. Die axis is 6 o'clock. Weight is 2.71g, diameter is18.9mm, thickness is 2.1mm.
Created on: Friday 14th March 2014
Last updated: Tuesday 6th May 2014
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: CAM-302F47
Object type: COIN
Broad period: ROMAN
County: Northamptonshire
Workflow stage: Published
A silver denarius of Faustina II under Marcus Aurelius (AD 161-75) (Reece Period 7), IVNO, Juno standing left. Mint of Rome. RIC III, p. 269, no. 288. Obverse legend reads FAVSTINA / AVGVSTA. Obverse shows female draped bust with head in bun right. Die axis is 12 o'clock. Weight is 2.66g, diameter is 19.9mm, thickness is 2.1mm.
Created on: Friday 14th March 2014
Last updated: Tuesday 6th May 2014
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: CAM-306453
Object type: COIN
Broad period: ROMAN
County: Northamptonshire
Workflow stage: Published
A silver-plated contemporary copy of a Roman Republican denarius of the moneyer P. Clodius, the prototype being struck at Rome in 42 BC (Reece period 1), Radiate head or sol / Crescent surrounded by five stars. RRC p. 505, cf. 494/21. Die axis is 6 o'clock. Weight is 1.72g, diameter is 17.4mm, thickness is 1.8mm.
Created on: Friday 14th March 2014
Last updated: Monday 24th March 2014
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: CAM-309505
Object type: COIN
Broad period: ROMAN
County: Northamptonshire
Workflow stage: Published
A silver denarius of Gordian III (AD 238-244), dating to c. AD 241-4 (Reece Period 12), PROVIDENTIA AVG, Providentia standing left. Mint of Rome. RIC - The style of the coin, traces of green patina and the fact that it is unpublished, suggests that it is a contemporary copy, probably plated. Die axis is 12 o'clock. Weight is 3.24g, diameter is 19.2mm, thickness is 2.2mm.
Created on: Friday 14th March 2014
Last updated: Tuesday 25th March 2014
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: CAM-30C116
Object type: COIN
Broad period: ROMAN
County: Northamptonshire
Workflow stage: Published
A silver denarius of Septimius Severus (AD 193-211), dating to AD 195-6 (Reece Period 10), P M TR P III COS II P P, Minerva standing left. RIC IV, pt 1, p. 99, no. 68. Obverse legend: L SEPT SEV PERT - AVG IMP VII. Obverse shows laureate head right. Die axis is 12 o'clock. Weight is 2.32g, diameter is 16.7mm, thickness is 2.2mm.
Created on: Friday 14th March 2014
Last updated: Tuesday 6th May 2014
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: CAM-30EB84
Object type: COIN
Broad period: ROMAN
County: Northamptonshire
Workflow stage: Published
A copper-alloy nummus of Constantine I (AD 306-337), dating to AD 323 (Reece Period 16), SARMATIA DEVICTA, Victory advancing right. C (?)//PLGcrescent. Mint of Lyon. RIC VII, p. 135, cf. 214. Obverse legend reads CONSTAN - TINVS AVG. Obverse shows laureate head right. Die axis is 12 o'clock. Weight is 2.49g, diameter is 19.1mm, thickness is 1.75mm.
Created on: Friday 14th March 2014
Last updated: Tuesday 6th May 2014
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: CAM-311146
Object type: COIN
Broad period: ROMAN
County: Northamptonshire
Workflow stage: Published
A copper-alloy radiate of Tetricus I (AD 271-4) (Reece Period 13), PAX AVG, Pax standing left. Gaul Mint I. Normanby p. 196, no. 1473. Die axis is 6 o'clock. Weight is 1.62g, diameter is 18.4mm, thickness is 1.6mm.
Created on: Friday 14th March 2014
Last updated: Tuesday 6th May 2014
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: CAM-313973
Object type: COIN
Broad period: ROMAN
County: Northamptonshire
Workflow stage: Published
A copper-alloy nummus oF Maximinus II (AD 309-313), dating to AD 310-11 (Reece Period 15), GENIO AVGVSTI CMH, Genius standing left. Mint of Nicomedia. RIC VI, p. 565, no. 66c. Die axis is 6 o'clock. Weight is 6.25g, diameter is 26.4mm, thickness is 2.0mm.
Created on: Friday 14th March 2014
Last updated: Wednesday 26th August 2015
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: CAM-3164D6
Object type: COIN
Broad period: ROMAN
County: Northamptonshire
Workflow stage: Published
A copper-alloy Nummus of the House of Constantine, dating to AD 333-4 (Reece Period 17), VRBS ROMA / Wolf and twins. Mint of Lyon. RIC VII, p. 139, no. 267. Die axis is 6 o'clock. Weight is 1.43g, diameter is 16.7mm, thickness is 1.8mm.
Created on: Friday 14th March 2014
Last updated: Tuesday 6th May 2014
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: CAM-318532
Object type: COIN
Broad period: ROMAN
County: Northamptonshire
Workflow stage: Published
A copper-alloy Nummus of Theodora, dating to AD 337-41 (Reece Period 17), PIETAS ROMANA, Pietas holding infant. Mint of Trier. RIC VIII, p. 143, no. 65. Die axis is 6 o'clock. Weight is 1.11g, diameter is 14.3mm, thickness is 1.5mm.
Created on: Friday 14th March 2014
Last updated: Tuesday 6th May 2014
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: CAM-31A303
Object type: COIN
Broad period: ROMAN
County: Northamptonshire
Workflow stage: Published
A copper-alloy Nummus of Valens (AD 364-78), dating to AD 367-78 (Reece Period 19), SECVRITAS REI PVBLICAE, Victory advancing left. Mintmark: -//PCON. Mint of Arles. LRBC p. 56, nos. 528/532. Die axis is 6 o'clock. Weight is 2.40g, diameter is 18.9mm, thickness is 1.6mm.
Created on: Friday 14th March 2014
Last updated: Tuesday 6th May 2014
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: CAM-323477
Object type: COIN
Broad period: MEDIEVAL
County: Northamptonshire
Workflow stage: Published
A medieval silver penny of Richard II (1377-99); North 1329 (Type IIIa, die 2); mint: York. Die axis is 6 o'clock. Weight is 0.87g, diameter is 17.5mm, thickness 0.5mm.
Created on: Friday 14th March 2014
Last updated: Friday 28th March 2014
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: CAM-CD55B7
Object type: COIN
Broad period: IRON AGE
County: Northamptonshire
Workflow stage: Published
An Iron Age uninscribed silver unit of the North Eastern region / Corieltavi, dating to the period c.50-20 BC, South Ferriby Boar type. Obverse: Simplified boar right, single front leg, pellet in ring above and below, traces of other rings before and behind. Reverse: Horse right, double upper front legs, ring above, pellet in ring below. As ABC, p. 94, no. 1800. The coin has a U-shaped notch to one side of the flan, probably the result of old breaks.
Created on: Friday 20th December 2019
Last updated: Tuesday 21st January 2020
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'East Northamptonshire District Area', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: CAM-CD73D5
Object type: COIN
Broad period: IRON AGE
County: Northamptonshire
Workflow stage: Published
An Iron Age copper-alloy unit of the North Thames region / Catuvellauni, dating to the period c.20 BC-AD 10, Tasciovanos Verlamio type. Obverse: Geometric pattern forming an eight pointed star around a central pellet, [VE]R[LAM]IO between the points. Reverse: A bull left pawing at the ground, tail raised over back. As ABC p. 131, no. 2679.
Created on: Friday 20th December 2019
Last updated: Tuesday 21st January 2020
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'East Northamptonshire District Area', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: CAM-1DE406
Object type: COIN
Broad period: ROMAN
County: Northamptonshire
Workflow stage: Published
A copper-alloy Roman nummus of the House of Valentinian (AD 364-378) dating to the period c.AD 364-378 (Reece period 19). [SECVRITAS REI PVBLICAE] reverse type depicting Victory advancing left, holding wreath and palm. Mint is unclear. Die axis is 12 o'clock. Weight is 1.12g, diameter is 16.2mm, thickness is 1.2mm.
Created on: Friday 17th January 2020
Last updated: Monday 17th February 2020
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: CAM-1E16FD
Object type: COIN
Broad period: ROMAN
County: Northamptonshire
Workflow stage: Published
A copper-alloy Roman nummus of the House of Valentinian (AD 364-378), dating to the period c.AD 364-378 (Reece period 19). [SECVRITAS REI PVBLICAE] reverse type depicting Victory advancing left, holding wreath and palm. Mint is unclear. Die axis is 6 o'clock. Weight is 1.66g, diameter is 17.8mm, thickness is 1.6mm.
Created on: Friday 17th January 2020
Last updated: Monday 17th February 2020
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: CAM-1E2643
Object type: COIN
Broad period: ROMAN
County: Northamptonshire
Workflow stage: Published
A copper-alloy Roman nummus of the House of Valentinian (AD 364-378), dating to the period c.AD 364-378 (Reece period 19). [SECVRITAS REI PVBLICAE] reverse type depicting Victory advancing left, holding wreath and palm. Mint is unclear. Die axis is 6 o'clock. Weight is 1.59g, diameter is 18.0mm, thickness is 1.5mm.
Created on: Friday 17th January 2020
Last updated: Monday 17th February 2020
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: CAM-1E3A76
Object type: COIN
Broad period: ROMAN
County: Northamptonshire
Workflow stage: Published
An incomplete and double-pierced copper-alloy Roman nummus of the House of Valentinian (AD 364-378), dating to the period c.AD 364-378 (Reece period 19). SECVRITAS REI PVBLICAE reverse type depicting Victory advancing left holding wreath and palm. Unclear mint. Die axis is 12 o'clock. Weight is 1.77g, diameter is 17.8mm, thickness is 1.4mm. The coin has the remains of two small circular piercings, which appear to have been made in antiquity. One is positioned at 6 o'clock when viewed from the obverse, the other at approximately 2 o'clock. The latter is incomplete due to old break…
Created on: Friday 17th January 2020
Last updated: Monday 17th February 2020
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: CAM-AC36AD
Object type: COIN
Broad period: ROMAN
County: Northamptonshire
Workflow stage: Published
A copper-alloy Roman nummus, probably a contemporary copy of the House of Constantine dating to the period c.AD 355-361 (Reece period 18). [FEL TEMP REPARATIO] reverse type depicting a Soldier spearing a fallen horseman. Possibly copying a prototype of the mint oy Lyon or similar. Die axis is 6 o'clock.
Created on: Friday 24th January 2020
Last updated: Monday 17th February 2020
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: CAM-ACA43B
Object type: COIN
Broad period: ROMAN
County: Northamptonshire
Workflow stage: Published
An incomplete copper-alloy Roman nummus of unclear type, possibly of the House of Valentinian dating to the period c.AD 364-378 (Reece period 19). Unclear reverse, possibly GLORIA NOVI SAECVLI depicting the emperor standing right holding standard and leaning on shield. Die axis is 12 o'clock. Mint is uncertain.
Created on: Friday 24th January 2020
Last updated: Friday 8th April 2022
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: CAM-ACF995
Object type: COIN
Broad period: ROMAN
County: Northamptonshire
Workflow stage: Published
An incomplete copper-alloy Roman coin, probably a nummus of unclear type dating to the period c.AD 330-402. Reverse type is illegible. Unclear mint. The coin is incomplete due to old breaks, missing a U-shaped fragment to one side of the flan.
Created on: Friday 24th January 2020
Last updated: Monday 17th February 2020
Spatial data recorded.