DOR-BF5356: VESSEL
Fragment of rim from a copper alloy vessel. This is probably a rim from a cauldron or similar vessel. The rim is pointed with a bevelled interior face and flat exterior. The vessel wall is thinned from the rim. The interior surface appears smoothed whilst the exterior is rougher and covered in horzontal scratches. There are traces of sooting on the exterior. Late Medieval to post medieval. Possibly 15th to 18th century. Dimensions: 46.5 mm x 42.2 mm x 6.67 mm Weight: 52.35 g
Stable URI: https://finds.org.uk/database/artefacts/record/id/190588

DOR-BF7A05: VESSEL
Fragment from a copper alloy vessel. This is probably from a cauldron or similar vessel. The rim is incomplete, but is everted and thinned from the vessel body. The interior surface appears smoothed whilst the exterior is rougher and covered in horizontal scratches. There are traces of sooting on the exterior. Late Medieval to post medieval. Possibly 15th to 18th century. Dimensions: 44.02 mm x 53.36 mm x 3.83 mm Weight: 42.24 g
Stable URI: https://finds.org.uk/database/artefacts/record/id/190589

DOR-BFC323: VESSEL
Fragment from a copper alloy vessel. This is a large vessel leg probably from a cauldron. The fragment consists of the foot and part of the leg, which is has an irregular break at the top. The leg is tri-lobate in section with a rounded, prominent ridge running up the centre of the front of the leg. The back of the leg is flat. The foot projects forwards from the leg and has a triangular profile. The base of the foot apears mis-cast and is slightly hollowed and rough.The surface of the leg is quite pitted and bumpy. This also indicates mis-casting and poor finishing. Late medieval to post medieval (possibly 15th to 18th century). Dimensions: 57.31 mm x 55.36 mm x 32.96 mm Weight: g
Stable URI: https://finds.org.uk/database/artefacts/record/id/190591

DOR-869351: VESSEL
An incomplete cast copper alloy vessel foot. A plain rectilinear L-shaped foot from a tripod vessel (skillet or cauldron). The casting is poor with inclusions and imperfections resulting in a large oval recess on the underside of the foot, where there is also sooting. Date: Post-medieval - 16th to 17th century Dimensions: 21.33 mm x 24.05 mm x 24.55 Weight: 32.00 g

DOR-86C6E5: VESSEL
An incomplete cast copper alloy vessel foot. A plain semi-circular foot from a tripod vessel (skillet or cauldron). The casting is poor with many inclusions and imperfections resulting several voids. There is also sooting over mich of the surface. Date: Post-medieval - 16th to 17th century Dimensions: 34.94 mm x 46.93 mm x 21.98 mm Weight: 92.04 g

DOR-836E91: VESSEL
A cast copper alloy skillet leg. A long, D-sectioned leg. The convex front has cast decoration of a transverse ridge towards the top of the leg and three cast longitudinal ridges extending from the top to the base. DAte: Late Medieval to Post-medieval late 15th to 17th Dimensions: 58.4 mm x 29.01 x 16.2 mm Weight: 101.55 g

DOR-8396C5: VESSEL
A cast copper alloy cauldron leg. A large triangular sectioned foot with a raised central rib on the front. Date: Late Medieval to Post-medieval late 15th to 17th Dimensions: 46.01 mm x 49.02 mm x 27.30 mm Weight: 174.01 g

DOR-995E01: VESSEL
A large copper alloy vessel foot from a cauldron or skillet. The foot is tri-lobed at the front, giving a W shaped cross section. The lobes form ridges running up the body of the foot creating a paw-like shape. At the back the foot is convex and hs a retangular sectioned mid-rib running longitudinally. Date: Late Medieval to Post Medieval - 15th to 18th century Dimensions: 24.77 mm x 42.38 mm x 36.32 mm Weight: 109.18 g

DOR-DC6575: VESSEL
A fragment of cast copper alloy vessel. A piece of cauldron or skillet rim. The rim is pointed with a slight internal bead. The external surface is rough cast. Date: Late medieval to Post-medieval - 15th to 17th Century Dimensions:48.95 mm x 41.40 mm x 23.52 mm Weight: 18.84 g

DOR-DC8742: VESSEL
A fragment of cast copper alloy vessel. Probably a piece of a bowl or lid. The rim is flat topped and has an internal bead. The external and internal surfaces are rough cast. Date: Late medieval to Post-medieval - 15th to 17th Century Dimensions: 30.02 mm x 67.35 mm x 7.35 mm Weight: 52 g

SOMDOR-0FE673: VESSEL
The broken terminal end of a Roman copper alloy patera (skillet) handle. The sides of the handle taper towards the break with a double grooved linear border on either side. The terminal of the handle is circular with a beaded border running around its circumference, the centre is pierced for suspension and also has a beaded rim around its edge. A good parallel for this handle is provided by a complete vessel from Gloucestershire recorded on the database as GLO-048BB1. The handle would originally have been cast as one with the vessel. However, there is evidence for re-use. the broken end of the handle was filed down on the underside and reattatched, presumably to the original vessel, through three iron rivets. The holes for these rivets can be seen at the broken end of the handle with corroded remains in two of them. The resulting handle would have been much shorther than the original. The handle measures 61.74mm long, 50.56mm wide and up to 3.26mm thick and weighs 44.68g

SOMDOR-9AE3A5: VESSEL
Copper alloy cauldron leg. D sectioned leg which flares towards the base and has a thick, rounded collar near the top. The back is flat and undecorated and the fornt is decorated with five longitudinal cast ridges (the same alignment above and below the collar). The collar is undecorated. The underside of the foot is worn and blackened. Originally soldered to a cauldron or skillett. Date: Post-medieval 16th to 17th century

WAW-4B7FA1: VESSEL
The object is a vessel lid. It is sub circular in plan, with a sub-semi circular platform protruding from one edge. There are at least 5 very small angular protrusions which are probably decorative. The upper surface is slightly convex, the under surface is concave. Only the upper surface is decorated. The decoration is in the form of ‘ring and dots’ forming a border around the edge, and an inner circle which has trefoils of ‘ring and dot’ designs in the centre. There are also two fine concentric grooves between the inner and outer ‘ring and dot’ borders. The semi-circular platform is also decorated on the upper surface with a moulded trefoil edge and a central ‘ring and dot’. The underside of this protrusion has a semi-circular integral lug which has a central rivet hole. This lug would have formed the hinge to connect the lid to the vessel. There are file marks visible on the underside of the protrusion and this area of the lid. The lid has a heavy brown/green coloured patina, with occasional recent scrapes. It measures 67.35mm long, 54.86mm wide and 11.46mm thick at the lug. It weighs 54.94g. The lid possibly dates to the Roman period. The lug is reminiscent of hinges seen on Roman brooch and seal boxes.

DOR-BBEA7E: VESSEL
A fragment from a cauldron leg. A fragment from the mid section of a large vessel leg with a distinct longitudinal mid-rib at the front. The back is concave and the leg has V-shaped cross section.There are breaks at both ends.The leg flares slightly. Date: Post Medieval - c. 1500 - 1700 Dimensions: 85.26 mm x 47.94 mm x 19.70 mm Weight: 157.55 g

DOR-871A89: VESSEL
A copper alloy vessel fragment from the Medieval to Post-Medieval periods, circa 1250-1750, possibly from a cauldron or skillet. The rim is beaded internally and there are file markings on the internal surface. The rim has a straight wall on the outer surface which is pitted. Both surfaces are blackened suggesting sooting. The fragment is 29.07mm in length, 38.05mm in width and 4.36mm in thickness. It weighs 15.41g.

DOR-876D55: VESSEL
A fragment of a cast copper-alloy vessel, probably a skillet or cauldron, of Medieval to Post-Medieval date, circa 1200-1700. The rim is beaded internally and there are file markings on the internal surface. The shaping of the lower section of the fragment suggests that the vessel may have had an everted rim. The object is pitted, with a blackened surface suggesting sooting. The vessel fragment is 60.91mm in length, 37.67mm in width and 4.36mm in thickness. It weighs 46.91g.

DOR-3F6207: VESSEL
A copper alloy pot leg dating to c.1400-1450. The object comprises a semi-cylindrical leg or foot with the curved vessel base at one end and a flat end on which the foot would have rested. Running down the outside of the leg are five moulded vertical ridges with deep grooves between them. Copper alloy vessels were used from the medieval period until the 19th century though cast iron pots became increasingly prevalent from the mid 17th century. Reference: Egan 1998, p.164-165. A similar pot leg can be seen on the PAS database: DOR-A93421 Date: Medieval. Dimensions: 60.9mm x 32.6 x 15.9mm Weight: 106.90g

DOR-AC03DE: VESSEL
A copper alloy leg from a cauldron or skillet., broken across the leg. The underside of the foot is D-shaped in cross-section. The leg rises above and is D-shaped in cross-section at the (old) break. A prominent midrib runs along the centre of the leg to the front. The foot is crudely cast and there are numerous voids in the fabric. Date: Medieval to Late Post-Medieval (1200-1800) Dimensions: 52.07 mm x 51.06 mm x 25.71 mm Weight: 221 g Crudely made cast copper alloy vessels were widely used from c.1200-1800 for serving and cooking. Butler and Green (2003; 15) state 'there is evidence that (cast copper alloy) metal cooking vessels became increasingly common during the 13th and 14th centuries'. While certain specialist cast copper alloy vessels such as skillets remained in use later 'bronze cauldrons in general seem to have been superseded in the early years of the 18th century when their place was taken by cast-iron vessels which were cheaper to make and more durable to use.' (ibid: 22).

WILT-03A637: VESSEL
A Post-Medieval copper alloy pot leg, of Butler, Green and Payne's type C, probably dating to c. AD 1500-1700. The leg is sub-rectangular in plan and plano-convex in cross-section, with a prominent transverse collar dividing the foot and leg, with the latter lost to an old break. The inside edge is flat and plain, whilst the foot has five prominent longitudinal ridges down its front. Dimensions: length 46.7mm; width 26.1mm; thickness 18.0mm; weight 68.01g. Butler, Green & Payne (2009) classify such legs as their type C, in use by the 16th century and ubiquitous by the 17th.

DOR-73E24C: VESSEL
A fragment of a cast copper alloy pot leg or foot from a cooking vessel dating to a probable Medieval date. The fragment is low and wide with a smooth rounded outer edge and has a D-shaped section. The surface is smooth and grey with no decoration. Date: Medieval (probably) Dimensions: 47.1mm x 22.4mm x 12.9mm

DOR-8A7A88: VESSEL
A copper alloy leg from a tripod cooking vessel dating to c.1200-1500. The leg is sub-triangular with a triangular cross section. It tapers from the top where it was attached to the vessel to the foot. The outer surface has five high raised parallel ridges running longitudinally to approximately three quarters of the way down where there is a rounded transverse collar dividing the leg and the foot, below the collar it narrows and tapers to a rounded foot, the foot is slightly flattened and worn at the tip. The reverse is flat and undecorated. The surface is slightly blackened from use. Date: Medieval. Height: 87.70mm Width: 31.11mm (tapering to 14.91mm) Thickness: 21.82mm. Weight: 163g Geoff Egan (Egan G. 1998 The Medieval Household Daily Living c. 1150-c.1450 Museum of London, London, The Stationary Office) comments that commonly used cooking vessels in the Medieval period include skillets, ewers, and cauldrons. According to Butler, Green and Payne (Butler, R., Green, C. and Payne, N. 2009 'Cast copper-alloy cooking vessels' Finds Research Group AD700-1700 Datasheet 41), "From about AD 1100, cast copper alloy vessels...were commonly used for downhearth cooking, with the vessel sitting among the embers or suspended over the fire. All but the poorest medieval or post-medieval households would have had at least one metal cooking vessel....These vessels gradually passed out of use between 1700 and 1850, superceded by cast iron pots...".

DOR-8B0403: VESSEL
An incomplete cast copper alloy pot foot dating to c.1200-1700. The foot is trapezoidal in section, tapering into a slightly rounded rear and with three longitudinal raised ribs running down the front, flaring slightly towards the base. It has an old irregular break at the upper end. The leg widens and spreads outwards at the base forming a trapezoid foot. Crudely made cast copper alloy vessels were widely used from c.1200-1700 for serving and cooking. Butler et al (2009:4) suggest there were four main types of leg used. This is an example of Type A which they suggest was widespread in the Medieval period with some examples continuing into the early 17th century (ibid). Date: Medieval to Post Medieval Height: 26.26mm Width: 49.13mm Thickness: 28.1mm. Weight: 160.86g.

DOR-040EC5: VESSEL
An incomplete copper alloy pot leg probably from a skillet or cauldron dating to c.1100-1750. The leg is a long rod, which is sub-triangular in section and tapers to a broken terminal, the break is old and abraded. The opposite terminal is obliquely angled with a lip on the inner edge. The surface is a dark green-grey colour with traces of sooting from use in a hearth. Reference: Egan (1998) comments that commonly used cooking vessels in the Medieval period include skillets, ewers, and cauldrons. According to Butler, Green and Payne (2009), "From about AD1100, cast copper alloy vessels...were commonly used for downhearth cooking, with the vessel sitting among the embers or suspended over the fire. All but the poorest medieval or post-medieval households would have had at least one metal cooking vessel....These vessels gradually passed out of use between 1700 and 1850, superseded by cast iron pots...". Butler, R., Green, C. and Payne, N. 2009 'Cast copper-alloy cooking vessels' Finds Research Group AD700-1700 Datasheet 41 Date: Medieval to Post medieval Dimensions: 64.01mm x 19.54mm (angled terminal) 12.89mm (broken terminal) Weight: 47.97g

DOR-9739DB: VESSEL
An incomplete cast copper-alloy leg from a cooking vessel. The leg is broadly rectangular with a D-shaped cross section. The front is has three wide longitudinal ridges below a thick transverse collar. Above the collar are four sharper, narrower longitudinal ridges, two on either side flanking a wider central ridge to the break. The base of the foot is smoothed and worn. Date: Medieval to Post Medieval - c.1200-1700 AD. Dimensions: 38.79 mm x 18.73 mm x 10.74 mm. Weight: 32.06 g Crudely made cast copper-alloy vessels such as cauldrons and skillets were widely used from c.1200-1700 for serving and cooking. Butler et al. (2009:4) suggest there were four main types of leg used.

DOR-53F6CC: VESSEL
A fragment of a cast copper alloy vessel dating to c.1200-1700. The object is the leg of a vessel or pot and has a D-shaped section with three cast vertical ridges and rounded foot. The back is hollowed. Crudely made cast copper alloy vessels were widely used throughout the Medieval and Post-Medieval periods for serving and cooking (Butler et al 2009). Date: Medieval to Post Medieval. Dimensions: 50.3mm x 31.9mm x 22.9mm. Weight: 100.58g.

WILT-6BE2EA: VESSEL
A fragment of a medieval to post-medieval copper-alloy foot of a vessel leg dating to c.AD 1250 - 1700. The fragment comprises the foot of a leg. The foot is broadly a narrow D-shape in cross-section, with a raised central longitudinal rib running down the front. The object widens towards the base of the foot, where it is a rounded D-shape in cross-section. Cast copper alloy vessels were widely used from AD 1200 to 1700 for serving and cooking. Legs and feet are the most commonly recorded finds and Butler et alii (2009, p. 4) suggest there were four main types of leg used. Dimensions: 47.31mm in width; 45.56mm in height; 26.86mm thick; weight: 208g.

SOM-A8CF36: VESSEL
Fragment of a copper alloy item, probably part of the side of a large cast vessel. The fragment is irregular in shape with very worn breaks on all sides. One face has a raised ridge, a casting seam running down it, the ridge has been fettled. In profile the piece is slightly concave so the edges at each end of the casting seam curve upwards and the centre curves downwards. Cracking on the back suggests some of this is due to damage but the way the piece thickens slightly towards these edges suggests some might be original curvature. The piece is 36.7mm long, 34.7mm wide and 4.4mm thick, 5.1mm over the ridge,.and weighs 21.99g. While very fragmentary it appears likely this is part of a large cast copper alloy vessel of Medieval to Post Medieval date. The width and the way the convex curved sections at the end are concave at the back suggests this is not a part of a socketed axe, as was tentatively suggested from photographs. Cast copper alloy vessels were widely used for cooking over open fires from c.AD 1200-1800 (Butler, Green and Payne 2009:1).

DOR-26D857: VESSEL
A copper alloy cast vessel pot-leg, probably from a tripod cooking vessel dating to c.1200-1600. The pot leg has a sub-triangular section with a sub-circular leg beneath. The base is uneven and coarse. The leg is not decorated and likely from a crude domestic vessel. Date: Medieval to Post Medieval Dimensions: 37.01 mm x 27.44 mm Diameter: 13.25 mm Weight: 34.23 g

DEV-849F4D: VESSEL
A copper alloy fragment of a chafing vessel dating from the medieval to post medieval period, c. AD 1400-1600. The fragment is a lug from a larger vessel handle. The lug is formed of a sub-oval body with one end narrower than the other. An oval hole is pierced through the centre of this body which is placed around the frame. At the narrow end of the lug's body is a projecting rectangular collar with a short oval platform protruding from it. Chafing dishes were domestic utensils made of metal or earthenware for holding burning charcoal or other combustible material. This was then used to cook food or keep it hot at the table.This particular handle fragment is from a Lewis (1973, 60-70) type D1 chafing-dish. This type of dish probably dates to the 16th century and there are a number of further and more complete examples on the PAS database such as: SOM-8E7A5A IOW-4AF602, WREX-7AB7BE and KENT-2A7E1A. Measurements: 25.4mm length, 17.6mm width, 10.4mm thick and weight 24.3g.

DOR-278B32: VESSEL
A fragment of copper alloy vessel rim. An everted, pointed rim with an internal bead. The fragment is externally sooted and scored. A rim fragment from a cauldron. There is a mend in the rim where a hole has been sealed with a handmade, rolled sheet metal rivet. Date: Medieval to Post medieval - 13th to 18th century Dimensions: 75.65 mm x 43.03 mm x 6.54 mm Weight: 63.14 g

DEV-C40A15: VESSEL
A Medieval to Post Medieval copper alloy vessel foot, probably dating to c. AD 1200-1700. The foot is sub-trapezoidal in cross section, with the front, broad, face cast into three parallel longitudinal ribs and a central longitudinal ridge on the reverse. The underside is slightly concave and shows signs of sooting. Dimensions: length 43.0mm; width 52.3mm; thickness 15.3mm; weight 106.23g This is an example of Butler, Green and Payne's type A, which they suggest was in use throughout the medieval period and into the 17th century.

DOR-DCE8C5: VESSEL
An incomplete cast copper-alloy pot leg from a cooking vessel. The leg is D-shaped in cross-section with a flat front and convex back and a central raised rib running down the front. It has an old irregular break at the upper end. The leg flares forwards at the base to create the plain D-shaped foot. . The surfaces are sooted from use in a hearth. Date: Medieval to Post Medieval - c.1200-1650 AD. Dimensions: 59.68 mm x 56.22 mm x 45.55 mm Weight: Crudely made cast copper-alloy vessels such as cauldrons and skillets were widely used from c.1200-1700 for serving and cooking. Butler et al. (2009:4) suggest there were four main types of leg used. This is an example of type A which they suggest was widespread in the medieval period with some examples continuing into the early 17th century.

DOR-4FA6A3: VESSEL
A fragment of a medieval copper-alloy cooking vessel foot dating to c. AD 1300 - 1600. A foot form a large cauldron. The foot trapezoidal and an irregular faceted pentagon in cross section (flat at the back and on the underside). It tapers towards the broken upper edge. It is decorated with deeply moulded vertical ridges, angled inwards towards the top. Width: 66.27 mm Height: 53.32mm Thickness: 35.77 mm Weight: 400 g Crudely made cast copper-alloy vessels such as cauldrons and skillets were widely used from c.1200-1700 for serving and cooking. Butler et al. (2009:4) suggest there were four main types of leg used.

DOR-8D9853: VESSEL
An incomplete Iron Age copper alloy probable vessel escutcheon, dating to the Late Iron Age (c. 150 - 100 BC). A bi-lobed escutcheon with a stub of a projecting handle. It consists of of two oval lobes, each with a hooked projection at the outer edge. Both have a large circular attachment hole set slightly off centre. Both these holes are filled with corrosion product. One has a copper alloy rich material and the other is filled with iron corrosion which also covers the front of the lobe. Projecting from the the lobes is a narrowed stub, possibly of a handle, which is decorated with a moulded transverse ridge at the base and terminates in an old break. The rear of the object is flat and undecorated. Length: 20.67 mm Width: 35.28 mm Thickness: 9.52 mm Weight: 24.96 g A thinner example can be seen on the database under BH-894FA4

DOR-BB7159: VESSEL
An incomplete cast copper-alloy pot leg or foot from a cooking vessel. The leg is D-shaped in cross-section with a flat front and convex back and a central raised rib running down the front. It has an old irregular break at the upper end. The leg flares forwards at the base to create the foot. . The surfaces are sooted from use in a hearth. Date: Medieval to Post Medieval - c.1200-1650 AD. Dimensions: 37.44 mm x 48.03 mm x 20.84 mm Weight:115.49 g Cast copper-alloy vessels such as cauldrons and skillets were widely used from c.1200-1700 for serving and cooking. Butler et al. (2009:4) suggest there were four main types of leg used. This is an example of type A which they suggest was widespread in the medieval period with some examples continuing into the early 17th century.

DOR-5325FB: VESSEL
An incomplete cast copper alloy pot leg from a cauldron, skillet or other cooking vessel. The leg is broadly D-shaped in section with convex front and flat back. It has an old irregular break at the lower end. The leg widens and spreads outwards at the base to create the foot which is mostly lost to breaks or wear. A raised rib runs down the centre of the front of the leg, becoming more pronounced on the foot. At the top is a rounded transverse ridge. There are remains of sooting on all faces. Date: Medieval to Post medieval - c1200 - 1650 Dimensions: 64.86 mm x 37.87 mm x 25.89 mm Weight: 153.73 g Crudely made cast copper alloy vessels were widely used from c.1200-1700 for serving and cooking. Butler et al (2009:4) suggest there were four main types of leg used. This is an example of type A which they suggest was widespread in the Medieval period with some examples continuing into the early 17th century (ibid).

LEIC-A0DBBD: VESSEL
Medieval to early Post medieval copper alloy vessel foot, 41mm in length, 22mm wide and 14mm thick with a weight of 56.73grams. The objcet is rectangular in form and semi-circular in cross section. It has a rounded collar just below the break and below this it is formed of three slight lobed areas above a flat base.

YORYM-05EDB3: VESSEL
A fragment of a copper alloy Medieval to post Medieval vessel, dating to the period c.AD 1100-1700. The fragment comprises the foot, which is trapezoidal in cross section at the base. The cross section then narrows to become broadly lentoid when the foot extends upwards and narrows in width. A central longitudinal rib is present down the centre of the front.The upper terminal ends in a worn break. A green patina is on the surface, and sooting is present over much of the surface. Cast cooking vessels seem to have been in use from c.AD 1100 until c.1850, when they were superseded by cast iron pots and saucepans designed for use on kitchen ranges (Butler, Green and Payne 2009, 1). The vessel foot measures 42.18mm in length, 55.5mm in width at its widest, 37.96mm at its narrowest, 28.53mm at its thickest, 15.67mm at its thinnest and weighs 171g.

YORYM-068271: VESSEL
A fragment of a copper alloy Post-Medieval vessel, dating to the period c.AD 1500-1900. The fragment comprises the foot, which is broadly rectangular in plan and square in cross section. An integrally cast semi-circular flat surface is present at the upper terminal, with a worn break around its edge where it would have attached to the vessel. Its lower terminal slopes at an angle of 45 degrees to allow the leg to stand flat. A green-brown patina is on the surface.. A similar, but not identical example is dated to the 18th and 19th centuries (Butler, Green and Payne 2009, p.6), and therefore a wide post-medieval date is suggested for this vessel leg. The vessel foot measures 32.52mm in length, 13.72mm in width, 7.28mm in thickness and weighs 12.25g.

DOR-238FE1: VESSEL
A Post-Medieval copper alloy pot leg probably from a tripod skillet, dating AD 1500-1700. The fragment is roughly D-shaped in section, the reverse is flat and the obverse rounded. There are traces of three ribs running downwards on the front face of the leg terminating in a rounded foot. Dimensions: Length: 40.48 mm, Width: 30.00 mm, Thickness: 11.64 mm, Weight: 43.26 g.

DOR-A93421: VESSEL
A cast copper alloy vessel leg from a cauldron or (more likely) a skillet. The leg is D sectioned and decorated with five parallel longitudinal ridges. The foot is rounded with a flattened and worn tip. At the top is a remnant of thin vessel wall with a smooth inner surface. Date: Post Medieval - c. 1500 - 1700 Diameter: 61.47 mm x 40.31 mm x 17.73 mm Weight: 119.52 g

SOM-58D397: VESSEL
A Post Medieval cast copper alloy pot foot with a small remnant of the pot attached, dating to c. AD 1500-1700. The foot is triangular in cross-section, tapering downwards. There are three longitudinal, convex raised ribs running down the front, the central rib protruding further than the others (thus forming the triangular cross-section), and extending further up as it joins the remnant of the pot body. The ribs come together towards the base of the foot. The back of the foot is flat. It has an old irregular break at the lower end. The leg widens and spreads outwards towards the pot body remnant. The piece is 71.4.mm tall at the front and c53mm tall at the back to the point where it meets the pot body. Its transverse width tapers from 38.3mm to 18.3mm, while its depth (front to back) tapers from 28.8mm to 9,2mm; it weighs 191.64g. The fragment of pot body is concave (as viewed from above) and extends(as viewed from the front) to the right of the top of the foot in a roughly quadrilateral shape measuring c37mm along the foot margin and 25mm away from this plane. The thickness of the body varies from c5mm closest to the foot to c3mm furthest from the foot. It protrudes from the back of the foot by up to 5mm Crudely made cast copper alloy vessels were widely used from c.1200-1700 for serving and cooking. Butler et al (2009:4) suggest there were four main types of leg used. This is an example of Type C which they state was already in use in the 16th century and almost universal in the 17th century (ibid).

WILT-25F54D: VESSEL
A fragment of a copper alloy post Medieval vessel, some kind of small cooking pot (perhaps a pipkin, posnet or skillet), being part of one of the legs, dating to cAD 1500 - 1700. It is broadly sub-triangular in cross section, with a moulded transverse collar close to the upper terminal. The leg has broken off at an early date above this collar. Below the collar the foot continues and has a rounded, blunt terminal, widening a little at the extreme end such that here it is more oval in section. It has a pale green patina with blackening on all outside surfaces. The foot measures 50.2mm in length, 18mm in width and 13.2mm in thickness. It weighs 57.11g. See SOM-38FF30 for similar cf Butler, Green & Payne (2009) classify such legs as their type C

DOR-50E619: VESSEL
An incomplete copper alloy zoomorphic spout. The terminal only remains. It is in the form of an elabotaely moulded beast head. An animal with mouth open around a slightly projecting circular spout, showing two rows of rectangular teeth along either side. The lower jaw is narrow with a rounded end. The muzzle is long with a central ridge and folds of skin delineated on either side. It terminates in a snub-nose with two nostrils. It has large pellet eyes below prominent, bulbous brows with a groove between them which extends onto the sloping rear of the head and between the two molded, pointed oval ears pointing backwards. The remnant of the neck is circular. It ends in an old break. Date: Medieval - c. 12th to 14th century Dimensions: Weight:

DOR-60DEC4: VESSEL
A fragment of a medieval copper alloy vessel handle from a tripod cauldron. The handle is cylindrical with an angled break at the end which indicates that this is part of an angled lug from the top of a cauldron. At the opposite end is a fragment of the vessel rim and body. The rim is pointed with an internal bead and the internal surface is very smooth. The surface of the handle is rough and sooted. The breaks are worn. Date: Late Medieval to Post Medieval - c. 1400 - 1700 Dimensions: 54.94 mm x 24.75 mm, The handle is 12.30 mm in diameter Weight: 48.46 g.

DOR-C44A02: VESSEL
An incomplete cast copper-alloy pot leg from a cooking vessel. The leg has an irregular quadrilobed cross-section. The rear race is flat with a small central longitudinal rib. The front has three much larger, rounded, longitudinal ribs which form a three lobed flared foot at the base. It has an old irregular break at the upper end. The surfaces are sooted from use in a hearth. Date: Medieval to Post Medieval - c.1200-1700 AD. Dimensions: 31.12 mm x 63.11 mm x 37.23 mm Weight: 221 g Crudely made cast copper-alloy vessels such as cauldrons and skillets were widely used from c.1200-1700 for serving and cooking. Butler et al. (2009:4) suggest there were four main types of leg used. This is an example of type A which they suggest was widespread in the medieval period with some examples continuing into the early 17th century.

DOR-C46CC0: VESSEL
An incomplete cast copper-alloy pot leg from a cooking vessel. The leg has a trapezoidal cross-section .The internal face is flat and the external face has central, vertical linear moulding. At the base the leg is almost right angled into a flared foot onto which the central rib extends. It has an old irregular breaks at both ends. The surfaces are sooted from use in a hearth. Date: Medieval to Post Medieval - c.1200-1700 AD. Dimensions: 51.20 mm x 46.16 mm x 32.13 mm Weight: 213 g Crudely made cast copper-alloy vessels such as cauldrons and skillets were widely used from c.1200-1700 for serving and cooking. Butler et al. (2009:4) suggest there were four main types of leg used. This is an example of type A which they suggest was widespread in the medieval period with some examples continuing into the early 17th century.

DOR-7AEF89: VESSEL
Copper alloy zoomorphic mount from a vessel handle, probably from a chafing dish. A zoomorphic head, possibly a lion or dog, with a tapering circular aperture all the way through it. The animal's head has incised lentoid eyes below a moulded double-arched brow, moulded and recessed rounded oval ears at the back of the head on either side and a moulded snub-nosed snout with incised nostrils. The open mouth is delineated with two angled incised lines forming a chevron on each side with a slight spout-like projection emerging from it. Date: Dimensions: 23.02 mm x 13.90 mm x 17.82 mm Weight: 18.5 g A complete example of the type of handle which this mount is likely to have formed part can be seen in database record SUR-73F863 where Simon Maslin notes that similar items are recorded in Egan G 1998, The Medieval Household: Daily Living c.1150-c.1450 (Medieval Finds from Excavations in London) p. 175, no. 487.

DOR-13143B: VESSEL
A copper alloy vessel spout with a zoomorphic terminal. A narrow, curving spout from a ewer or copper. The base is expanded and oval and would have attached to the body of a vessel. It tapers sharply into an upright tube which curves outwards at the top and terminates in a zoomorphic head with a tapering circular projecting spout in its open mouth. The animal's head is well defined with lentoid eyes, incised and moulded brows with triangular indentation along the rear edges, a central, tapering and notched crest, deeply moulded ears with flattened tops and internal moulded oval ridges, an open mouth with a snub nose and incised nostrils. There is a dent and two holes in the body of the spout below the head. Date: Late Medieval to Early Post Medieval - c. 1400 - 1600 Dimensions: 120.13 mm x 58.00 mm x 29.62 mm Weight: 117.78 g There are a number of zoomorphic spouts recorded on the PAS database, but few are as slender and curved as this example. The closest in form is SUSS-4270CC and LANCUM-225AC6 which also has a similar crest and spout extending from the mouth. Similar spouts can be seen attached to a suspended copper depicted in the Merode Altarpice held by the Metropolitan Musuem of Art, New York (see the central panel showing, at the back of the scene on the left side) - Workshop of Robert Campin | Annunciation Triptych (Merode Altarpiece) | South Netherlandish | The Metropolitan Museum of Art (metmuseum.org)

DOR-D6AF07: VESSEL
An incomplete sheet copper alloy probable handle attachment plate from a skimmer (or similar) dating to c.1550-1700. The handle attachment is sub-rectangular and comprises two sheets of copper alloy riveted together with three separate rolled sheet metal rivets in situ. The upper sheet has a central groove. The lower sheet is more fragmentary and torn Reference: Egan G & Pritchard F 1998, A Medieval Household, pg.157, fig.126 illustrates a complete strainer with handle and attachment plate. Date: Early Post Medieval. Dimensions: 48.64 mm x 30.95 mm x 4.13 mm Weight: 7.10 g

DOR-E762C3: VESSEL
An incomplete cast copper-alloy pot leg from a cooking vessel. The leg has an irregular trilobed cross-section. The front has three rounded, longitudinal ribs which form a three lobed flared foot at the base. It has an old irregular break at the upper end. The surfaces are sooted from use in a hearth. Date: Medieval to Post Medieval - c.1200-1700 AD. Dimensions: 36.31 mm x 50.50 mm x 26.75 mm Weight: 149 g Crudely made cast copper-alloy vessels such as cauldrons and skillets were widely used from c.1200-1700 for serving and cooking. Butler et al. (2009:4) suggest there were four main types of leg used. This is an example of type A which they suggest was widespread in the medieval period with some examples continuing into the early 17th century.

DOR-E78841: VESSEL
A fragment of copper alloy cooking vessel. A piece from the rim of a cauldron or skillet. The rim is pointed with an internal bead. There is a circumferential groove on the internal surface. The exterior of the vessel is scored and sooted. Date: Medieval to Post Medieval - c.1200-1700 AD. Dimensions: 53.94 mm x 48.08 mm x 6.03 mm Weight: 47.93 g Crudely made cast copper-alloy vessels such as cauldrons and skillets were widely used from c.1200-1700 for serving and cooking. Butler et al. (2009:4) suggest there were four main types of leg used. This is an example of type A which they suggest was widespread in the medieval period with some examples continuing into the early 17th century.

WILT-7D910F: VESSEL
An incomplete copper alloy vessel foot dating to the Roman period (AD 43-410). The object is pelta shaped in plan, D shape in section, with a crescent shaped outer edge with two semi-circular cut out sections (biconcave) that create projecting outer 'arms' on each side of the object and a middle projection. The inward edge is bevelled. Two of the three tips have a rounded end. The centre one is blunt. It has a pale green patina. cf. Crummy 1983: 73, no. 2051 fig. 76 "Possibly a foot from a bowl". Also: LEIC-055A12 and SUR-88F999. Dimensions: Length: 37.7mm; Width: 23.8mm; Thickness: 3.5mm; Weight: 12.47 g Similar vessel feet have been found with a Roman copper alloy spouted wine strainer vessel in a hoard from Alvediston, Wiltshire (Hawke, forthcoming)

SOM-E1B7E2: VESSEL
An incomplete copper alloy cooking vessel leg of medieval to post-medieval date, c. 12th-19th centuries AD. The leg is sub-rectangular in section with a prominent central vertical rib, while overall its form is narrower at the base of the vessel and flares out to the foot. The upper edge is broken, and the patina is a covering mottled green and black. Butler, et al. 2009: "From about AD 1100, cast copper alloy vessels...were commonly used for downhearth cooking, with the vessel sitting among the embers or suspended over the fire. All but the poorest medieval or post-medieval households would have had at least one metal cooking vessel....These vessels gradually passed out of use between 1700 and 1850, superseded by cast iron pots...". Height: 47.53mm, width at foot: 46.50mm, width at top: 27.51mm, thickness: 16.59mm.

Complete cast copper alloy vessel. The vessel has a bulbous rounded body and base , a narrow neck, a collar at the rim and asymmetrical open handles. The mouth opening is sub-circular. The handles have differently sized sub-circular apertures and are D-shaped in cross section. The handles are attached at opposite sides to the collar at the rim and extend downwards to join at the base of the neck. Date: Early Medieval - c. 1100 - 1300 Dimensions: 31.15 mm x 25.49 mm x 20.50 mm Weight: 23.21 g See database records WILT-7942F2, SUR-FA2AB0 and WAW-FFC367 for comparison. In WILT-7942F2, the author notes: Similar examples are recorded on the PAS database (cf. ESS-E60906). They have often been found with the name of their contents engraved on the outside.Traditional interpretations of these vessels are as flasks for holy oil. It is possible that it is from a travelling chrismatory, or set of three holy oils used in the Medieval church:oleum infirmorum for the sick; oleum catechumenorum for baptism; and chrisma or balm, used for confirmation, ordination and certain consecrations.

DOR-55C2FC: VESSEL
An incomplete cast copper alloy, drop handle from a chafing dish. A handle and an incomplete attachment lug that still freely articulates around the handle. The handle is a broadly a trapeziodal ; wider at the base with rounded lower corners and an in-curved lower edge and narrowed at the top with a short straight upper edge.It is rectangular in cross section along the sides and base with a more rounded cross section. The thick lug is attached to the shorter top edge. The lug has a drop-shaped, sub-oval body which is rectangular in cross section. It is attached to the handle through an off-centre sub-circular hole. At the narrow end of the lug's body is a rectangular collar, on the base of which is a short, flat, oval projection. Date: Early Post Medieval - c. 1500 - 1600 Dimensions: Handle 41.64 mm x 53.62 mm x 4.98 mm Attachment lug 21.04 mm x 15.75 mm x 8.26 mm Weight: 33.27 mm Similar handles are recorded in database records SOM-8E7A5A , LIN-47624S, IOW-4AF602, WREX-7AB7BE and KENT-2A7E1A. In SOM-8E7A5A Ed Caswell notes: Chafing dishes were domestic utensils made of metal or earthenware for holding burning charcoal or other combustible material. This was then used to cook food or keep it hot at the table.This particular handle is from a Lewis (1973, 60-70) type D1 chafing-dish. This type of dish probably dates to the 16th century .

DOR-8A891B: VESSEL
A cast copper alloy vessel fragment in two pieces. Part of a vessel wall and rim, probably from a large vessel such as a cauldron. The rim is plain and slightly everted with a low internal bead. The interior surface is worn and smooth. The exterior of the vessel is scored, probably as a result of the manufacturing process and also sooted. Date: Medieval to Post-medieval - c. 1200 - c.1700 Dimensions: 94.77 mm x 33.98 mm x 5.46 mm Weight: 64.00 g Cast copper-alloy vessels such as cauldrons and skillets were widely used from c.1200-1700 for serving and cooking.

DEV-F51FA5: VESSEL
A cast copper alloy pot leg dating to the post medieval period, c. 1600-1750. The leg is triangular in section and rectangular in shape, the triangular sectional appearance is caused by a tall central midrib which extends downwards in the centre of the object. It is unusually broken at the upper area, with the break occurring midway down the leg rather than at the point where the leg meets the body. Cast copper alloy vessels were widely used from AD1200 to 1700 for serving and cooking. Legs and feet are the most commonly recorded finds and Butler et alii (2009: 4) suggest there were four main types of leg used. This is an example of Type C which they suggest was already in use by the 16th century and was almost universal in the 17th century. Measurements: 78.6mm length, 35.1mm width, 18.9mm thickness, weight 189.17g.

DEV-F50E2B: VESSEL
A cast copper alloy pot leg dating to the post medieval period, c. 1500-1750. The leg is D-shaped in cross section with a flat back and a convex front. It has three conjoined convex ribs on the outer face, evenly spaced apart and very shallow. Above the ribs is a raised fetlock which runs horizontally across the outer face. The break is directly above this fetlock, but the ribs continue above it up to the break, and survive in better condition here. Cast copper alloy vessels were widely used from AD1200 to 1700 for serving and cooking. Legs and feet are the most commonly recorded finds and Butler et alii (2009: 4) suggest there were four main types of leg used. This is an example of Type C which they suggest was already in use by the 16th century and was almost universal in the 17th century. Measurements: 35.9mm length, 19.8mm width, 12.1mm thickness, weight 39.25g.

DOR-AA7BB8: VESSEL
A Medieval to Post Medieval copper-alloy fragment from a cooking vessel such as a tripod skillet dating to c. 1300 - 1700. An incomplete cast copper-alloy leg from a cooking vessel, The leg is broadly rectangular with a sub triangular-shaped cross section (flat at the rear). On the front, convex face of the flared foot are five narrow longitudinal ridges below a thick transverse collar. Above the collar the leg is narrowed and decorated with central longitudinal ridges. The base of the foot is smoothed and worn. Date: Medieval to Post Medieval - c.1300-1700 AD. Dimensions: 48.34 mm x 31.27 mm x 17.43 mm Weight: 94.35 g Similar to DOR-6C6FF5. Datasheet 41 ( Butler, Green, and Payne 2009 ) states that copper-alloy cooking vessels were in use from AD 1100 and gradually passed out of use between AD 1700 - 1850. This style of leg is similar to Figure 4c in Datasheet 41 , and is commonly recorded on the PAS Database with DOR-56805B as an example.

DOR-DE2F34: VESSEL
An incomplete cast copper-alloy pot leg from a cooking vessel. The leg has an irregular trilobed cross-section. The front a central rounded, longitudinal rib. It has old irregular breaks at both ends. Date: Medieval to Post Medieval - c.1200-1700 AD. Dimensions: 58.58 mm x 43.73 mm x 11.05 mm Weight: 154 g Crudely made cast copper-alloy vessels such as cauldrons and skillets were widely used from c.1200-1700 for serving and cooking. Butler et al. (2009:4) suggest there were four main types of leg used. This is an example of type A which they suggest was widespread in the medieval period with some examples continuing into the early 17th century.

DOR-DE22A6: VESSEL
An incomplete cast copper-alloy pot leg from a cooking vessel. The leg has an irregular trilobed cross-section. The front has three rounded, longitudinal ribs which form a three lobed flared foot at the base. It has old irregular breaks at both ends. Date: Medieval to Post Medieval - c.1200-1700 AD. Dimensions: 66.02 mm x 47.85 mm x 25.26 mm Weight: 246 g Crudely made cast copper-alloy vessels such as cauldrons and skillets were widely used from c.1200-1700 for serving and cooking. Butler et al. (2009:4) suggest there were four main types of leg used. This is an example of type A which they suggest was widespread in the medieval period with some examples continuing into the early 17th century.

SOMDOR-53DF91: VESSEL
A cast copper alloy Roman vessel foot, probably from a bucket. These items were used in sets of three to protect the bases of Roman cast or sheet bronze vessels, in particular buckets (Jackson 1990, 46). The foot has a slightly curving rectangular shape, which would have corresponded to the size of the base of the vessel it supported. In this case the bucket's base must have been around 18 cm in diameter. There are two opposing kidney-shaped perforations through the centre of the object and at each end is a cut away stepped notch. One side of the object is flat, but the other has a longitudinal concave depression, in between the two perforations and the indentations at each end. On the latter (upper) side there are traces of the lead-tin solder which would have been used to affix the foot to the main body of the vessel. The slightly convex (outer) edge is decorated with an engraved running wave design, with annulets in the centre of the free spaces created by the waves, which gives the appearance of a series of human eyes. The running wave may be in imitation of guilloche, a motif commonly used in Roman mosaics.