WAW-03038A: WEIGHT
A probable post medieval lead trade weight or net weight dating to circa AD 1500-1700. The object is broadly oval in plan and flat in profile with an integral circular perforation hole. The weight has a cream coloured surface patina. The object has abraded edges. A parallel can be found on the PAS database CORN-E790D6, discovered in Cornwall. The object has a height of 23.1 mm and a width of 24 mm. The thickness is 4.8 mm. It weighs 9.3 grams.
Stable URI: https://finds.org.uk/database/artefacts/record/id/1128604

WAW-6AFAC6: WEIGHT
A lead alloy weight of probably Medieval to Post Medieval date (c. AD 1100-1800). The object is discoid with a raised rim around the edge of the obverse. There are two prominent grooves in the rim, one at around 12 o'clock (8.42mm long, 2.34mm wide) and one at 7 o'clock (9.02mm long, 1.85mm wide). There is a raised, separate trapezoidal lead alloy section (18.56mm long, 10.38mm wide) that is attached to the obverse via a rusted rivet or nail at an oblique angle near the centre from 10 o'clock to 12 o'clock. In the centre, there is a single, transverse engraved line, potentially the Roman numeral I, whilst there are the remains of a capital 'R' around 6 o'clock. There are two parallel, curved lines closer to the raised rim going from around 6 o'clock to 12 o'clock. The reverse has a prominent central groove running from around 3 o'clock to 9 o'clock on the reverse, being much deeper at 3 o'clock and reducing in depth until the end. There is also another prominent groove running from around 2 o'clock to 3 o'clock on the outside edge of the weight. The object weighs c. 445g, which is 0.98 Avoirdupois pounds or 1.19 Troy pounds. With the inscribed Roman numeral I on the weight, it is thus potentially likely that this was meant to be a 1 Avoirdupois pound weight. Dimensions. Diameter: 66.35mm. Thickness: 16.64mm. Weight: 445g.
Stable URI: https://finds.org.uk/database/artefacts/record/id/1105706

WAW-5513A4: TOKEN
An incomplete, lead alloy discoid object, possibly a uniface token of Medieval to Post Medieval date (c. AD 1400-1800). The object is irregularly shaped, being largely semi-circular from 2 o'clock to 9 o'clock on the obverse, with a section that is trapezoidal from 9 o'clock to 2 o'clock. There is a raised border around the edge of the obverse, whilst obverse has an uncertain design that appears to possibly be some form of bust with what appears to be a crown near the top of the token and a hexagonal shaped face beneath. Thus, it may be a Powell Type 10 akin to PUBLIC-1C2B91, however it is not certain. Part of the token is missing from around 9 o'clock to 11 o'clock on the obverse, and a section may be missing along the edge from around 12 o'clock to around 2 o'clock, though this may be due to the token being poorly struck. The reverse is flat and undecorated and the token has a grey patina. Dimensions. Length: 17.38mm. Width: 17.61mm. Thickness: 2.78mm. Weight: 2.62g.
Stable URI: https://finds.org.uk/database/artefacts/record/id/1105531

WAW-2ED095: SEAL
An incomplete lead alloy bag seal of Modern date (c. AD 1894-1910). The object is sub-oval in plan and rectangular in cross section and is of the bulla type, with a central hole through which the fastening cord is passed prior to stamping. The object was decorated in low relief with a raised circular border on both sides. Obverse inscription: WEB[B] [&] [SONS] [SALT]N[EY] CHES[TER] (around) // MANURE // MANFR[S]. Reverse description: Crowned company emblem. Reverse inscription: [REGISTE]RED [TRADE] [MARK] (around) // WEBBS (across top). Length: 20.12mm. Width: 18.78mm. Thickness: 4.39mm. Die axis: 1.

WAW-2E1077: SEAL
An incomplete lead alloy bag seal of Modern date (c. AD 1894-1910). The object is sub-circular in plan and rectangular in cross section and is of the bulla type, with a central hole through which the fastening cord is passed prior to stamping. The object was decorated in low relief with a raised circular border on both sides. Obverse inscription: [WEBB] & SONS [SALTNEY] [CH]EST[ER] (around) // MANURE // MANFRS. Reverse description: Crowned company emblem. Reverse inscription: REGI[STERED] TRADE [MARK] (around) // WEBBS (across top). Length: 20.03mm. Width: 18.42mm. Thickness: 5.01mm. Die axis: 5.

WAW-DE2E72: TOKEN
An incomplete, lead alloy uniface token of Medieval to Post Medieval date (c. AD 1400-1800). The token is roughly circular and is uniface, with a four petalled flower on the obverse and thus conforms to Powell Type 1. The reverse is quite heavily damaged, with large numbers of missing chips and potential evidence of corrosion. The object has a largely light grey patina with some cream coloured sections. Dimensions. Diameter: 22.26mm. Thickness: 4.54mm. Weight: 8.32g.

WAW-DDCA59: TOKEN
An incomplete, cast lead alloy, uniface token of Medieval to Post Medieval date (c. AD 1400-1800). The token is circular, with small segments missing at 4 o'clock and 11 o'clock. The obverse is decorated with four concentric circles, including the raised outside edge, and thus falls under Powell Type 31. The reverse is largely flat and undecorated, except for a chip around 10 o'clock. THe object has a dark, grey patina. Dimensions. Diameter: 20.46mm. Thickness: 2.05mm. Weight: 4.37g.

WAW-075F92: SHOT
A complete lead shot dating to the Post Medieval period (c. AD 1600-1800). The object is sub-spherical in form with one slightly flattened surface possibly from impact. The remians of a casting sprue can be seen on the opposing side. The object is covered in pits and scratches and has a light grey patina. As stated by Leahy and Lewis (2018: 345), it is important to accurately record the exact location of lead shots or musket balls and cannon balls, because they can 'reveal the course of a battle or even tell us where an action took place.' Overall dimensions: 10mm in diameter and 3.5g in weight.

PUBLIC-F4CB0F: WEIGHT
A complete lead / lead alloy weight probably dating to the medieval to post medieval period (c.AD 1200-1600). The object is flat and circular. The obverse and reverse are undecorated. The surface has a powdery white patina. Dimensions: Diameter 27.8mm; thickness 3.8mm

BERK-CD96C4: SHOT
A lead-alloy pistol shot of Post-Medieval date. The shot is spherical and unfired as the casting sprue is still attached.

WMID-249989: TOKEN
A complete lead alloy unifaced token of Medieval dating (AD 1400 to AD 1500). The obverse of the token has a long cross fleuretty extending from a central lozenge, resembling the Shield of France jettons (Powell type 14). The detail on the reverse is unclear. It measures 23.8 mm in diameter and 3.2 mm thick. It weighs 7.2 g. The token is a light grey colour, with an even surface patina. Token is worn.

HAMP-3C4886: SPINDLE WHORL
A medieval or post medieval biconical lead alloy spindle whorl of 26.3mm diameter. The surface is decorated with triangles arranged in an alternating star shaped pattern. Each triangle has a central line. The aperture of the whorl is around 10mm. The surface retains reddish sediment from the local geology.

GLO-54D452: CLOTH SEAL
A Post Medieval lead alloy alnage seal dating to 1675. One side has the letters S.L which are surrounded by * SOMERSET which is in turn surrounded by a boarder of annulets, on the other side is a harp with a double pellet/annular/pellet on the three sides of the instrument, this is surrounded by a ropework and then annular boarder.

HESH-FE7B66: WEIGHT
A cast lead alloy circular ball (similar in size and shape to a musket ball) of probable post medieval 1600-1800 date. The ball has a circular shaped hole through its mid point (5.19mm in diameter) and has no sign of decoration, casting seam or casting spur. It is a light grey colour with a relatively thick surface patina. It is highly unlikely that the ball is from shot and instead is suggested to be from a line or net weight. The ball measures: 16.35mm in diameter, 14.76mm high and weighs 20.0 grams

HESH-FE6677: WEIGHT
Six cast lead alloy weight, probably from a net or line of unknown date, probably medieval - modern (1200-1900). The weight is sub-cylindrical with a single transverse cast hole set off centre diameter 9.8 mm. The objects measure: 29.73mm length, object diameter of 19.65mm and cast hole set off centre diameter 7.05 mm. It weighs 63.5 grams. 29.67mm length, object diameter of 18.04mm and cast hole set off centre diameter 7.1 mm. It weighs 50.2 grams. 29.16mm length, object diameter of 18.17mm and cast hole set off centre diameter 6.86 mm. It weighs 49.8 grams. 29.87mm length, object diameter of 17.95mm and cast hole set off centre diameter 6.4 mm. It weighs 49.4 grams. 29.82mm length, object diameter of 17.94mm and cast hole set off centre diameter 7.38 mm. It weighs 49.0 grams. 28.71mm length, object diameter of 18.08mm and cast hole set off centre diameter 6.84 mm. It weighs 47.5 grams. The bulk weight is 309.4 grams

HESH-FE296F: WEIGHT
Cast lead or lead alloy weight of probable medieval date (1300 - 1550). The weight is square in plan and pyramidal in profile with four triangular faces rising to a blunt top. The base is relatively flat and even. The weight is undecorated. A drilled transverse hole (diameter: 1.19mm) is present on the upper edge of the weight. The weight is a mid grey white colour with an even patina that covers all surfaces. It has been marked and abraded in the soil this has caused it to become asymmetrical. Similar standing weights have been dated to the medieval period. (Norman Biggs, 1992: 'English Weights - an illustrated survey' pages 40-41). The weight measures 26.11mm high, 11.6mm width, 8.58mm thick and weighs 14.4 grams

HESH-FE0A47: WEIGHT
A cast lead alloy weight, probably from a net or line of unknown date, probably Medieval- modern (1200-1800). The weight is irregular being formed from an irregular sheet of lead alloy which has been rolled to form a conical cone shape. There is no decoration present and the external edges are uneven and irregular. There is indication of sheeting at the base but not enough to record by measuring. The weight is a mid grey colour with an abraded slight dusty surface patina. The weight measures 21.62mm high, is 14.13mm wide and 10.02mm thick at the base and 4.86mm wide and 3.50mm thick at the top. The diameter of the hole at the top is 2.13mm and base is 4.09mm. The weight weighs 13.1 grams.

HESH-FD5D87: WEIGHT
A cast lead alloy weight, probably from a net or line of unknown date, probably Medieval- modern (1200-1800). The weight is irregular being formed from an irregular sheet of lead alloy which has been rolled to form a conical cone shape. There is no decoration present and the external edges are uneven and irregular. The weight is a mid grey colour with an abraded slight dusty surface patina. The weight measures 20.58mm high, is 20.82mm wide and 17.75mm thick at the base and 8.48mm wide and 6.33mm thick at the top. The diameter of the hole at the top is 3.67mm and base is 4.26mm. The weight weighs 32.5 grams.

HESH-FD3734: WEIGHT
Cast lead or lead alloy weight of probable medieval date (1300 - 1550). The weight is sub-circular (formed from eight uneven and irregular facets / faces) in plan and sub-triangular (conical) in profile. Through the centre of the weight is a cast conical hole. The purpose of this hole is uncertain but it might have had a length of wire or string to allow it to be suspended, this would aid safe-keeping and storage. The weight measures 22.41mm in length, 20.74mm width and is 21.77mm high. It weighs 60.1 grams. The weight undecorated. It is a mid grey colour with an even patina that covers all surfaces. The weight has been marked and abraded in the soil this has caused it to become asymmetrical. Similar standing conical or pyramid weights have been dated to the medieval period. (Norman Biggs, 1992: 'English Weights - an illustrated survey' pages 40-41).

HESH-FB7EC8: SHOT
One spherical lead alloy shot / ball of probable post medieval or early modern date (1600-1800 AD). Due to the size and weight of the ball it is most likely to be from a grapeshot. The shot is spherical in shape with an even surface. It has no casting seams or casting sprues from the mould. There is no evidence of the shot having been fired. It is a light cream colour with abraded powdery patinated surface. Similar shot has been dated to the later post medieval period however the date range should extend into the early modern period as similar projectiles were used in firearms throughout this period. Musket balls are discussed in Courtney's "Small Arms Accessories of the Mid-Seventeenth Century" (1988) and on page 202 of "Material Culture in London in an Age of Transition" by Geoff Egan (2005). The grapeshot measures: 6.85mm in diameter and weighs 1.8 grams

HESH-FB66B8: SHOT
Three spherical lead alloy shot / ball of probable post medieval or early modern date (1600-1800 AD). Due to the size and weight of the ball they are most likely to be from a pistol. The shot are sub spherical in shape with an even surface. Two of the shot possess casting sprues and are sub-spherical. None of the balls show any indication of being fired, however two are heavily degraded. They are a mid-grey colour with abraded powdery patinated surface. Similar shot have been dated to the later post medieval period however the date range should extend into the early modern period as similar projectiles were used in firearms throughout this period. Musket balls are discussed in Courtney's "Small Arms Accessories of the Mid-Seventeenth Century" (1988) and on page 202 of "Material Culture in London in an Age of Transition" by Geoff Egan (2005). The pistol balls measures: 11.00mm in diameter and weighs 7.8 grams 11.41mm in diameter and weighs 7.3 grams 9.49mm in diameter and weighs 4.3 grams They have a combined bulk weight of 19.4 grams

HESH-FADBA9: SHOT
Four lead alloy shot / ball, of probable post medieval or early modern date (1600-1800 AD). F=Likely from a small musket or carbine- the shot are spherical in shape with an even surface. None of the balls have been fired, one exhibits casting seam and none exhibit casting sprues. The colour of the balls varies from a dark grey colour to a mid cream white and the weight is unusually light. Similar shot has been dated to the later post medieval period however the date range should extend into the early modern period as similar projectiles were used in firearms throughout this period. One of the shots significantly larger but is too small for use in a conventional musket however smaller weapons could be used. Carbine balls are discussed in Courtney's "Small Arms Accessories of the Mid-Seventeenth Century" (1988) and on page 202 of "Material Culture in London in an Age of Transition" by Geoff Egan (2005). The carbine ball measures: 16.03mm in diameter and weighs 22.5 grams 12.75mm in diameter and weighs 11.4 grams 13.12mm in diameter and weighs 11.2 grams 12.59mm in diameter and weighs 9.2 grams They have a combined bulk weight of 54.3 grams

HESH-6B4B8D: SHOT
Three lead alloy shot / ball, of probable post medieval or early modern date (1600-1800 AD). From a musket - the shot are sub spherical in shape with an even surface. None of the two balls have been fired. The balls exhibit casting seams and trimmed casting sprues. The colour of the balls varies from a slight grey colour to a mid cream white. Similar shot has been dated to the later post medieval period however the date range should extend into the early modern period as similar projectiles were used in firearms throughout this period. Musket balls are discussed in Courtney's "Small Arms Accessories of the Mid-Seventeenth Century" (1988) and on page 202 of "Material Culture in London in an Age of Transition" by Geoff Egan (2005). The musket balls measures: 19.51mm in diameter and weighs 37.1 grams 18.69mm in diameter and weighs 34.1 grams 17.41mm in diameter and weighs 33.5 grams They have a combined bulk weight of 104.7 grams

HESH-6720F2: SPINDLE WHORL
Cast lead or lead alloy bi-convex decorated spindle whorl of Medieval date (1000 - 1450 AD); most probably from 1300-1550 AD. The spindle whorl is circular in plan and bi-convex in profile. Both faces have a cast rim around the edge and also a similar rim around the circumference of the inner hole. The central hole is broadly circular and has been cast / set slightly off centre; it has an internal diameter of 9.2mm. The upper and lower faces are decorated with the same design - this consists of a radiating ribs extending from the hole to the external edge filling both the upper and lower faces. The spindle whorl is a light grey colour with an even but eroded surface patina. Spindle whorls are used for a long period of time and as such are very difficult to date precisely without other evidence (such as pottery). This form is often attributed to the Medieval period although this example has a very high bi-convex profile. The object measures: Width: 22.55mm, Length: 23.01mm, Thickness: 7.29.mm, Height: 19.73mm, Weight: 36.5 grams.

SUR-169F50: AMPULLA
A fragment of a medieval lead alloy pilgrims' ampulla comprising the lower portion of the flask. One side has a crowned Lombardic letter T framed by floral sprays; the other side depicts a fleur-de-lis within a pellet border. Circa 13th to 15th century but most likely late 13th to early 14th century.

HESH-D61196: TOKEN
A complete lead alloy uniface token. It is circular in plan and rectangular in profile.The upper face is decorated with a central raised ladder and sided by 2 V's facing outwards. The reverse is plain and is not detailed. The token is in good condition and has little wear, however it has been broken in half and glued together and a section of the edge has been chipped on one half. The object measures: Width: 16.15mm, Length: 17.33mm, Thickness: 1.91mm, Weight: 2.7 grams.

HESH-D5F6EE: TOKEN
A large complete lead alloy uniface token or weight. It is circular in plan and rectangular in profile.The upper face is decorated with a cross marked on a faded circle which has been heavlily damaged by soil erosion to a point where it is devoid of detail that can be identified. The reverse is faded but possibly is a knight wearing a close helmet facing to the right. The token has a cream grey coloured surface patina. It is heavily abraded. The object measures: Width: 21.49mm, Length: 24.60mm, Thickness: 3.04mm, Weight: 10.1 grams.

HESH-D5C444: TOKEN
A complete lead alloy uniface token. It is circular in plan and rectangular in profile, however due soil erosion and potential ploughing has become misshapen and worn.The upper face is decorated with a raised letter that could be identified as an M or W. The reverse is plain and undecorated. The token has a cream grey coloured surface patina. It is heavily abraded. The object measures: Width: 21.10mm, Length: 24.75mm, Thickness: 2.95mm, Weight: 10.2 grams.

HESH-421125: BULLA
An incomplete fragment from a medieval lead papal bulla most probably of Pope Urban VI (AD 1378-1389). Originally the seal would have been circular, however, it is broken irregularly in half along the central suspension cord line. The front face bears the conventional stamped / impressed busts of Saints Peter and Paul both within drop-shaped pelleted borders: On the left, St Paul's beard is portrayed as being long, straight and pointed, whilst his hair is straight and swept back. The opposing representation of St Peter is lost but would have been represented with his more rounded hair and beard both formed of pellets. Between the busts is the partial representation of a crozier. Above inscription: 'SPA [SPE]' (abbreviations for St Paul and St Peter). The reverse face contains the partial inscription arranged over three lines: [UR]B /[AN]US / [PP] VI all contained within a pelleted border. In the inscription the U's are presented with rounded bases whilst The V is formed from a distinctive triangular wedge. Within the pellet border but below the inscription are the indistinct remains of a pair of eagles are depicted 'displayed'. The 'PP' stands for 'Pastor Pastorum', translated as 'shepherd of the shepherds'. A parallel can be found illustrated in Egan (2001, 88, 90; ref. 7). Egan (ibid., 88) quotes other examples and notes that the birds refer to the arms of the family of Bartolomeo Prignano, to which this Pope belonged. The bulla measures: 38.44mm in length, 17.32mm in width, 6.9mm in thickness and weighs 22.5 grams. Notes: The papal bulla is a formal seal of office used by the Popes to stamp and authenticate documents produced by the papal curia. Tim Pestell has commented: "Papal bulls came as two basic types, according to the contents of the document: Tituli, or "Letters of Grace", essentially granted or confirmed rights, conferred benefices or promulgated statutes. They generally had their lead bullae attached with cords of silk. Mandamenta, or "Letters of Justice" were mandates that conveyed papal orders, prohibitions or injunctions, and had their bullae attached by hemp threads"

HESH-020573: SHOT
One spherical lead alloy shot / ball of probable post medieval or early modern date (1600-1800 AD). Due to the size and weight of the ball it is most likely to be from a pistol. The shot is sub spherical in shape with an uneven surface. It has clear casting seams and trimmed casting sprues from the mould. There is no evidence of the shot having been fired. It is a mid-grey colour with abraded powdery patinated surface. Similar shot has been dated to the later post medieval period however the date range should extend into the early modern period as similar projectiles were used in firearms throughout this period. Musket balls are discussed in Courtney's "Small Arms Accessories of the Mid-Seventeenth Century" (1988) and on page 202 of "Material Culture in London in an Age of Transition" by Geoff Egan (2005). The pistol ball measures: 12.52mm in diameter and weigh 9.00 grams

HESH-6EFECB: SPINDLE WHORL
A cast lead or lead alloy spindle whorl or weight of Roman to Post Medieval date (1 - 1650 AD), most probably Roman (AD50-350). The spindle whorl is broadly ovullar in plan and is D shaped in the cross section; it has been eroded in the soil. The central hole is a circular shape; it has an internal diameter of 5.95mm x 5.85mm. Both faces are plain and undecorated. The spindle whorl has a cream - white coloured surface patina. Spindle whorls are used for a long period of time and as such are very difficult to date precisely without other evidence (such as pottery), though it was found it close proximity to a concentrated area of Roman finds. The object measures: 14.58mm in length, 14.32mm in diameter and weigh 13.72 grams.

HESH-6EC976: SPINDLE WHORL
A cast lead or lead alloy spindle whorl or weight of Roman to Post Medieval date (1 - 1650 AD), most probably Roman (AD50-350). The spindle whorl is broadly ovullar in plan and is D shaped in the cross section; it has been eroded in the soil. The central hole is a circular shape; it has an internal diameter of 5.95mm x 5.85mm. Both faces are plain and undecorated. The spindle whorl has a cream - white coloured surface patina. Spindle whorls are used for a long period of time and as such are very difficult to date precisely without other evidence (such as pottery), though it was found it close proximity to a concentrated area of Roman finds. The object measures: 3.49mm thick, 37.08mm in length, 29.97mm in width and weigh 16.8 grams.

HESH-23E7E5: POWDER MEASURE
An incomplete cast lead powder flask cap, used for measuring a charge of gunpowder; of probable seventeenth century date (AD 1600 -AD 1700). The cap is mostly complete, however the mouth of the cup is squashed / crumpled resulting in vertical splits. The cap, which has an indistinct rim, is broadly circular in plan and cylindrical in profile, however much has been distorted by movement in the ploughsoil. Originally it would have been circular or oval in plan (as viewed from above). The comparatively thin sides (or walls) would have flared outwards towards the oval or circular mouth. The closed end, the "base" is oval in plan, on opposing edges of the base are small projecting tabs which have been pierced and are now crushed against the body of the measure. On one of the edges is a vertical "casting" seam. The powder measure is in a fair condition and has traces of a light buff patina; however laminating corrosion affects some of the recent abraded edges. The side loops enabled the cap to be attached separately to the bandolier (belt) of the wearer so that they could be removed without the possibility of being dropped and lost. The cap would have been part of a powder-charger or powder-holder, a small flask holding enough powder for a complete charge for the weapon. A series of these holders were attached to the bandolier. They were often known as apostles presumably because they were often grouped in sets of 12. For information on small arms accessories of the seventeenth century, see: Courtney, P. 1988. "Small Arms Accessories of the Mid-Seventeenth Century". Finds Research Group 700 - 1700. The cap measures 24.56mm length 17.55mm width at the base and rises to a height of 17.51mm; it weighs 12.5 grams.

HESH-1EC8D4: WEIGHT
A cast lead alloy weight, most likely of Post Medieval in date. This weight is circular in shape. The obverse face of the disc is roughly flat and undecorated. The reverse however contains a large casting sprue which was never removed, meaning this weight was never finished; the general surface is also uneven. Length: 31.82mm, Width: 31.18mm, Thickness (without spur): 6.36mm, Thickness (with spur): 14.47 Weight: 42.5 grams

HESH-1E93A6: POWDER MEASURE
An incomplete cast lead powder flask cap, used for measuring a charge of gunpowder; of probable seventeenth century date (AD 1600 -AD 1700). The cap is mostly complete, however the mouth of the cup is squashed / crumpled resulting in vertical splits. The cap, which has an indistinct rim, is broadly circular in plan and cylindrical in profile, however much has been distorted by movement in the ploughsoil. Originally it would have been circular or oval in plan (as viewed from above). The comparatively thin sides (or walls) would have flared outwards towards the oval or circular mouth. The closed end, the "base" is oval in plan, on opposing edges of the base are small projecting tabs which have been pierced and are now crushed against the body of the measure. On one of the edges is a vertical "casting" seam. The powder measure is in a fair condition and has traces of a light buff patina; however laminating corrosion affects some of the recent abraded edges. The side loops enabled the cap to be attached separately to the bandolier (belt) of the wearer so that they could be removed without the possibility of being dropped and lost. The cap would have been part of a powder-charger or powder-holder, a small flask holding enough powder for a complete charge for the weapon. A series of these holders were attached to the bandolier. They were often known as apostles presumably because they were often grouped in sets of 12. For information on small arms accessories of the seventeenth century, see: Courtney, P. 1988. "Small Arms Accessories of the Mid-Seventeenth Century". Finds Research Group 700 - 1700. The cap measures 26.21mm length 18.39mm width at the base and rises to a height of 18.09mm; it weighs 16.5 grams.

HESH-1DF0C1: BUTTON
A cast copper alloy button of post medieval date (1550-1750). The button is circular in plan and D shaped in cross section with a central projecting nipple or knop. The front face of the button is undecorated. The reverse is flat and a scar at the mid-point is present where an applied wire hoop was attached. The button measures: 4.13mm thick, 11.83mm in diameter and weigh 2.0 grams

HESH-8D1488: WEIGHT
A lead alloy circular pan weight, of most likely Post Medieval date. This weight is circular in shape. The two faces of the disc are roughly flat, and there are no traces of decoration on the object. Diameter: 35.88mm, Thickness: 8.76mm, Weight: 76.02 grams

HESH-8C3BCE: BUTTON
Copper alloy button. Spherical composite button comprising a plain hollow spherical front, a flat round back plate, and the stub of a wire loop inserted into the latter. Suggested date: Post-Medieval, 1800-1900. Diameter: 11.78mm, Height (incuding loop): 14.42mm, Weight: 2.3 grams

HESH-8A7BFE: SHOT
One spherical lead alloy shot / ball of probable post medieval or early modern date (1600-1800 AD). Due to the size and weight of the ball it is most likely to be from a pistol. The shot is sub spherical in shape with an uneven surface and has grooves consistent with a cartridge. It has clear casting seams and trimmed casting sprues from the mould. There is no evidence of the shot having been fired. They are a mid-grey colour with abraded powdery patinated surface. Similar shot has been dated to the later post medieval period however the date range should extend into the early modern period as similar projectiles were used in firearms throughout this period. Musket balls are discussed in Courtney's "Small Arms Accessories of the Mid-Seventeenth Century" (1988) and on page 202 of "Material Culture in London in an Age of Transition" by Geoff Egan (2005). The pistol ball measures: 10.25mm in height, 10.3mm in diameter and weigh 6.7 grams

HESH-FAD3AE: SPINDLE WHORL
A cast lead or lead alloy bi-convex decorated spindle whorl of Roman to Post Medieval date (1 - 1650 AD); most probably medieval date (AD 1300-1550). The spindle whorl is circular in plan and bi-convex in profile. Both faces have a cast ridge around the internal and external edges. The central hole is broadly circular and has been cast / set off centre; it has an internal diameter of 6.41mm. The upper and lower faces are decorated with radiating ribs, extending from the hole to the external edge with single raised pellets between each rib; this pattern is majorly dented and therefore the patterns are unclear. The lower face has a similar design although the pellets are arranged on the external edge. The spindle whorl is a white colour with an even but eroded surface patina. Spindle whorls are used for a long period of time and as such are very difficult to date precisely without other evidence (such as pottery). This form is often attributed to the Medieval period although this example has a very high bi-convex profile. The whorl measures 26.66mm in diameter, is 6.97mm thick. It weighs 22.0 grams

HESH-FA8F56: SPINDLE WHORL
Cast lead or lead alloy bi-convex decorated spindle whorl of Roman to Post Medieval date (1 - 1650 AD); most probably medieval date (AD 1300-1550). The spindle whorl is circular in plan and bi-convex in profile. Both faces have a cast rim around the edge and also a similar rim around the circumference of the inner hole. The central hole is broadly circular and has been cast / set on centre; it has an internal diameter of 7.97mm. The upper face is decorated with radiating ribs terminating in rounded pellets; the ribs extend from the central hole to the external edge covering the entire upper face. The lower face is decorated with raised annulet shaped pellets positioned within a wedge shaped panel; these panels conjoin and cover the entire reverse surface. The spindle whorl is a white colour with an even but eroded surface patina. Spindle whorls are used for a long period of time and as such are very difficult to date precisely without other evidence (such as pottery). This form is often attributed to the Medieval period although this example has a very high bi-convex profile. The whorl measures 27.86mm in diameter, is 7.37mm thick. It weighs 26.7 grams

HESH-F91C56: SHOT
Two spherical lead alloy shot / ball of probable post medieval or early modern date (1600-1800 AD). Due to the size and weight of the ball they are most likely to be from a pistol. The shot are sub spherical in shape with an even surface. One has clear casting seams and trimmed casting sprues from the mould. There is no evidence of the shot having been fired. They are a mid-grey colour with abraded powdery patinated surface. Similar shot has been dated to the later post medieval period however the date range should extend into the early modern period as similar projectiles were used in firearms throughout this period. Musket balls are discussed in Courtney's "Small Arms Accessories of the Mid-Seventeenth Century" (1988) and on page 202 of "Material Culture in London in an Age of Transition" by Geoff Egan (2005). The pistol ball measures: 11.85mm in diameter and weigh 3.2 grams 87.6mm in diameter and weigh 3.5 grams They have a combined bulk weight of 6.7 grams

HESH-F8FC1C: SHOT
One lead alloy shot / ball, of probable post medieval or early modern date (1600-1800 AD). From a small musket or more likely carbine - the shot circular in shape with an uneven surface and a flattened face due to collision. The ball exhibits no casting seams or trimmed casting sprues and is severely deformed as a consequence of firing. The colour of the ball varies from a slight grey colour to a mid cream white. Similar shot has been dated to the later post medieval period however the date range should extend into the early modern period as similar projectiles were used in firearms throughout this period. Musket balls are discussed in Courtney's "Small Arms Accessories of the Mid-Seventeenth Century" (1988) and on page 202 of "Material Culture in London in an Age of Transition" by Geoff Egan (2005). The carbine ball measures: 17.88mm in diameter, 5.22mm in thickness and weigh 9.5 grams

HESH-F8D2BB: SHOT
Six lead alloy shot / ball, of probable post medieval or early modern date (1600-1800 AD). F=Likely from a small musket or carbine- the shot is sub spherical in shape with an uneven surface. All of the balls have been fired, none exhibit casting seams or exhibit seam casting sprues. The colour of the balls varies from a slight grey colour to a mid cream white and the weight is unusually light. Similar shot has been dated to the later post medieval period however the date range should extend into the early modern period as similar projectiles were used in firearms throughout this period. Carbine balls are discussed in Courtney's "Small Arms Accessories of the Mid-Seventeenth Century" (1988) and on page 202 of "Material Culture in London in an Age of Transition" by Geoff Egan (2005). The Musket balls measure: 19.90mm in diameter and weighs 29.9 grams 18.64mm in diameter and weighs 25.0 grams 19.71mm in diameter and weighs 31.1 grams 17.60mm in diameter and weighs 24.5 grams 17.49mm in diameter and weighs 22.3 grams 20.22mm in diameter, 5.9mm thick and weighs 13.8 grams They have a combined bulk weight of 146.6 grams

HESH-F89F3D: SHOT
Seven lead alloy shot / ball, of probable post medieval or early modern date (1600-1800 AD). F=Likely from a small musket or carbine- the shot is sub spherical in shape with an even surface. None of the balls have been fired, however four exhibit casting and three exhibit seam casting sprues. The colour of the balls varies from a slight grey colour to a mid cream white and the weight is unusually light. Similar shot has been dated to the later post medieval period however the date range should extend into the early modern period as similar projectiles were used in firearms throughout this period. Carbine balls are discussed in Courtney's "Small Arms Accessories of the Mid-Seventeenth Century" (1988) and on page 202 of "Material Culture in London in an Age of Transition" by Geoff Egan (2005). The Carbine balls measure: 14.25mm in diameter and weighs 9.5 grams 14.07mm in diameter and weighs 13.9 grams 13.58mm in diameter and weighs 11.8 grams 12.94mm in diameter and weighs 13.4 grams 13.30mm in diameter and weighs 11.7 grams 13.35mm in diameter and weighs 11.4 grams 13.21mm in diameter and weighs 11.5 grams They have a combined bulk weight of 83.2 grams

HESH-F7BC16: SHOT
Eight lead alloy shot / ball, of probable post medieval or early modern date (1600-1800 AD). F=Likely from a musket - the shot is sub spherical in shape with an even surface. None of the balls have been fired or exhibit casting seam or trimmed casting sprues. The colour of the balls varies from a slight grey colour to a mid cream white and the weight is unusually light. Similar shot has been dated to the later post medieval period however the date range should extend into the early modern period as similar projectiles were used in firearms throughout this period. Musket balls are discussed in Courtney's "Small Arms Accessories of the Mid-Seventeenth Century" (1988) and on page 202 of "Material Culture in London in an Age of Transition" by Geoff Egan (2005). The Musket balls measure: 16.75mm in diameter and weighs 26.7 grams 16.05mm in diameter and weighs 25.1 grams 17.76mm in diameter and weighs 28.2 grams 17.15mm in diameter and weighs 27.2 grams 19.02mm in diameter and weighs 34.8 grams 16.06mm in diameter and weighs 23.2 grams 15.94mm in diameter and weighs 21.1 grams 15.96mm in diameter and weighs 23.6 grams They have a combined bulk weight of 209.9 grams

HESH-D15048: WEIGHT
Lead weight, probably of post-medieval date (c. AD 1500 - 1800). The objects upper face is concave and roundly shaped in the body with a D-shaped section, and a rectangular extension at one end, presumably for suspension. The other face is flat with some intrusion from the extension along the surface. The weight is dark grey in colour with a white patina. It is 21.59mm in length and 14.58mm thick. It weighs 24.4g.

HESH-D08D47: WEIGHT
A lead weight, likely dating to the post medieval period. The weight is roughly cylindrical in plan. This surface expands from the top downwards, on the top surface is a hole going on to the object. The object has a great deal of abrasion and as a consequence the shape is deformed. The object measures 34.84mm high, has a length of 20.26, a width of 17.16 and weighs 86.6g.

HESH-D05309: WEIGHT
A lead weight, likely dating to the post medieval period. The weight is cylindrical in plan. This surface expands from the top downwards, on the top surface is a hole going on to the object. The object has some abrasion possessing two thin and long cuts across the surfaces sides and a scarred surface which has been created by wear. The object measures 46.43mm high, has a diameter of 19.30 and weighs 100.00g.

HESH-CFC988: CASTING WASTE
Lead alloy casting waste of uncertain date; most probably post medieval (1500-1800 AD). This fragment is from the neck (funnel / well) of a composite, probably two part, mould. The casting waste is conical; being oval in plan and D shaped in cross section. In profile the edges of the waste taper relatively evenly. This conical well descends into a rectangular runner which has been clipped at the junction of the well. The fragment is heavily abraded and so evidence of casting seams are lost. The casting waste is a grey colour. Casting waste is very hard to date in isolation but the patina and form might suggest a later medieval or more probably post medieval date. The casting waste measures: 22.49mm length; it measures 19.35mm wide and 1.59mm heigh and weighs 17.3 grams.

HESH-403596: CAME
A fragment of post medieval window came. The lead alloy artefact is very abraded, making its original shape hard to determine. Horizontally is a line of depression of the front face, this is feature is joined to a vertical faced T and parallel to it a line which form a cross shape. The rear is eroded with all but potruding feature of metal in the centre. The fragment measures 16.97mm in length, 13.34mm in width, and 5.06mm thick; weighs 3.23g.

HESH-97952B: TOKEN
Lead alloy bi-face token later medieval - post medieval 1400-1650 The token is a light grey colour with a silver like corrosion product which maybe tin / white metal coating - or differential corrosion products from the soil. The front face is decorated with an irregular shape formed of angular lines. In form it is D shaped with a triangular projection from the front edge creating an irregular "bow tie" shape. A horizontal line divides the design. The reverse face is decorated with two diagonal lines which might be flags or possibly a bunch of keys. The token is a light grey colour with a powdery granular surface. Measurements: 18.5mm diameter, 2.7mm thick and weighs 3.98 grams.

HESH-852585: SPINDLE WHORL
A cast lead or lead alloy spindle whorl or weight of Roman to Post Medieval date (1 - 1650 AD), most probably Roman (AD50-350). The spindle whorl is ireregularly square in plan and is a deformed shaped in the cross section; it has been eroded in the soil. The central hole is a circular shape; it has an internal diameter of 4.42mm x 4.03mm. Both faces are plain and undecorated. The spindle whorl has a cream - white coloured surface patina. Spindle whorls are used for a long period of time and as such are very difficult to date precisely without other evidence (such as pottery), though it was found it close proximity to a concentrated area of Roman finds. The object measures: 18.82mm in length, 17.07mm width and is 9.04mm high; it weighs 15.9 grams.

HESH-850353: SPINDLE WHORL
A cast lead or lead alloy spindle whorl or weight of Roman to Post Medieval date (1 - 1650 AD), most probably Roman (AD50-350). The spindle whorl is ireregularly ovullar in plan and is D shaped in the cross section; it has been eroded in the soil. The central hole is a circular shape and has a pertrusion of lead alloy on the upper surface; it has an internal diameter of 6.80mm x 6.50mm. Both faces are plain and undecorated. The spindle whorl has a cream - white coloured surface patina. Spindle whorls are used for a long period of time and as such are very difficult to date precisely without other evidence (such as pottery), though it was found it close proximity to a concentrated area of Roman finds. The object measures: 33.05mm in length, 26.97mm width and is 10.09mm high; it weighs 26.9 grams.

HESH-84D4E8: SPINDLE WHORL
A cast lead or lead alloy spindle whorl or weight of Roman to Post Medieval date (1 - 1650 AD), most probably Roman (AD50-350). The spindle whorl is broadly ovullar in plan and is D shaped in the cross section; it has been eroded in the soil. The central hole is a circular shape; it has an internal diameter of 5.95mm x 5.85mm. Both faces are plain and undecorated. The spindle whorl has a cream - white coloured surface patina. Spindle whorls are used for a long period of time and as such are very difficult to date precisely without other evidence (such as pottery), though it was found it close proximity to a concentrated area of Roman finds. The object measures: 21.99mm in length, 16.82mm width and is 12.04mm high; it weighs 22.5 grams.

HESH-8380BE: SPINDLE WHORL
A cast lead or lead alloy spindle whorl or weight of Roman to Post Medieval date (1 - 1650 AD), most probably Roman (AD50-350). The spindle whorl is broadly circular in plan and flat in cross section; it has been eroded in the soil. The central hole is a an irregular square shape; it has an internal diameter of 3.88mm x 3.98mm. Both faces are plain and undecorated. The spindle whorl has a cream - white coloured surface patina. Spindle whorls are used for a long period of time and as such are very difficult to date precisely without other evidence (such as pottery), though it was found it close proximity to a concentrated area of Roman finds; yet the object does have resemblance to later Medieval and Post Medieval Spindle Whorls. The object measures: 17.80mm in length, 16.76mm width and is 4.04mm thick; it weighs 7.2 grams.

HESH-832AB5: SPINDLE WHORL
A cast lead or lead alloy spindle whorl or weight of Roman to Post Medieval date (1 - 1650 AD), most probably Roman (AD50-350). The spindle whorl is broadly circular in plan and D shaped in cross section; it has been heavily eroded in the soil and on one edge has been severely damaged. The central hole is a an irregular circle shape with a protrusion from the eroded edge; it has an internal diameter of 4.51mm x 9.47mm. Both faces are plain and undecorated. The spindle whorl has a cream - white coloured surface patina. Spindle whorls are used for a long period of time and as such are very difficult to date precisely without other evidence (such as pottery), though it was found it close proximity to a concentrated area of Roman finds. The object measures: 23.67mm in length, 20.53mm width and is 7.66mm thick; it weighs 15.3 grams.

HESH-80E897: METAL WORKING DEBRIS
A large assemblage of cut lead sheet, smelted lead alloy droplets and fragments of metal working debris. As an assemblage this group is undatable having a variety of sizes, shapes and weight. It has been recovered from the plough-zone of the field and is therefore without secure context. However, this assemblage was recovered through systematic metal detecting near to two Roman scheduled monuments and as such may represent primary evidence of lead alloy working on the site. The dating of the material is problematic, as the site is near a historic battlefield and therefore it may represent material accumulated from the casting of shot. Finally, there are also a series of other lead alloy weights, spindle whorls and musket balls within the area. As such it is almost impossible to accurately date the activity, it is nonetheless important that such density of material be recorded in some form. Therefore the lead is all a mid-grey in colour and has varying patination commensurate with items of more than 300 years old. The material has also been abraded in the ploughsoil and spread across much of the detected area. The largest measures: 87.62mm in length, 66.88mm width and is 9.99mm thick; it weighs 245 grams. The smallest measures: 18.79mm in length, 7.92mm width and is 3mm thick; it weighs 2.3 grams. The bulk weight is 3491 grams

HESH-092832: UNIDENTIFIED OBJECT
A cast lead alloy / pewter strip of uncertain date and function - it is triangular in section with a raised longitudinal seam on the upper face. The metal is a mid grey colour with an even 'pewter like' patina. This object has a length of 29.55mm, a width of 21.46mm and a thickness of 4.58mm; it weighs 9.4 grams

HESH-068B4A: WEIGHT
An incomplete cast lead or lead alloy weight of probable medieval date (1300 - 1550). The weight is broadly oval (sub-rectangular with tapering sides terminating in blunt points) in plan and cross section. On the upper point is an integral cast suspension loop which is circular in plan and oval in cross section and is broken across its upper edge. The perforation / hole through the centre is also oval with the upper edge being worn. The body of the weight has a large central rib which extends from the upper edge to the base. The weight seems to be relatively undecorated. There are two horizontal seems present on one face, however, these may be the remains of the cast jets. The weight measures 70.2mm in length, 19.2mm width and is 15.9mm thick. It weighs 90.0 grams The weight is a mid grey white colour with an even patina that covers all surfaces. The weight has been marked and abraded in the ploughsoil soil which has caused it to become asymmetrical. The upper suspension loop has been damaged and badly abraded by movement. Similar weights are recorded as being associated with fishing in the medieval period cf: CBA Research Report No 74 at - T he Archaeology of Medieval Fishing Tackle - by J M Steane and M Foreman. At Fig 12.8

HESH-51E69F: TOKEN
Lead alloy uniface token of post medieval date. The token is decorated with a central raised pellet around which are four pointed oval knops forming a simple flower / daisy wheel pattern. The reverse is plain and undecorated - the metal is a mid yellow colour Diameter: 18.2mm Weight: 2.52 grams

HESH-4D923F: UNIDENTIFIED OBJECT
A cast lead alloy / possibly pewter fragment of uncertain date and function; given the size and shape it is possibly a fragment from the rear / reverse of a later medieval - post medieval spoon bowl (Ad 1550 - 1750). The fragment is irregular in plan and profile and vaies in thickness. On the reverse face of the fargment are a series of radiating lines which terminate in rounded blobs / pellets. The fragment is a mid-grey gcolour with a laminating surface. It has a width of 16.38mm, a length of 28.92 and a height of 4.62mm; it weighs 5.9 grams

HESH-37F98E: WEIGHT
A complete lead alloy weight of probable later post medieval date. The weight is circular in plan and the upper surface is decorated with a relatively simplistic design. The upper surface has a raised rim whose internal edge is serrated with incised triangular marks. The internal field is decorated with an incised design depicting a female figure wearing a smock like dress and pointed hat, holding a yoke across their shoulder from which are suspended two pales - one either side. It is possible that there are two birds sat / perched on the yoke but details are lost due to wear and condition. The reverse face is plain and undecorated and the entire piece has a mid grey to cream grey coloured surface patina. A direct parallel has not been found and it is possible that this may in-fact be a mould or matrix for producing a seal on something like butter. Although the choice of metal for this would seem strange. It is equally possible that it could be a counter seal matrix or an elaborate trade weight (given the production in lead). Diameter: 39.3mm , thickness: 7.5mm, weight: 63.62 grams (2.25oz or 982.4 grains)

HESH-6A1DE8: SPINDLE WHORL
A cast lead or lead alloy spindle whorl or weight of Roman to Post Medieval date (1 - 1650 AD), most probably Roman (AD50-350). The spindle whorl is broadly circular in plan and D shaped in cross section; it has been heavily eroded in the soil. The central hole is a an irregular oval shape and has been cast / set off centre; it has an internal diameter of 7.95mm x 7.14mm. Both faces are plain and undecorated; there is an indistinct wavy line around the bottom edge of the whorl - this maybe decoration. The spindle whorl has a cream - white coloured surface patina. Spindle whorls are used for a long period of time and as such are very difficult to date precisely without other evidence (such as pottery). The whorl measures 28.58mm diameter, is 12.06mm thick and weighs 47.46 grams.

HESH-69EC05: SPINDLE WHORL
A cast lead or lead alloy spindle whorl or weight of Roman to Post Medieval date (1 - 1650 AD), most probably Roman (AD50-350). The spindle whorl is broadly circular in plan and D shaped in cross section; it has been heavily eroded in the soil. The central hole is a an irregular oval shape and has been cast / set off centre; it has an internal diameter of 4.65mm x 5.51mm. Both faces are plain and undecorated. The spindle whorl has a cream - white coloured surface patina. Spindle whorls are used for a long period of time and as such are very difficult to date precisely without other evidence (such as pottery). The whorl measures 21.18mm diameter, is 4.80mm thick and weighs 10.99 grams.

HESH-69A8C3: SPINDLE WHORL
A cast lead or lead alloy spindle whorl or weight of Roman to Post Medieval date (1 - 1650 AD), most probably Roman (AD50-350). The spindle whorl is broadly circular in plan and D shaped in cross section; it has been heavily eroded in the soil. The central hole is a an irregular oval shape and has been cast / set off centre; it has an internal diameter of 7.87mm x 8.11mm. Both faces are plain and undecorated. The spindle whorl has a cream - white coloured surface patina. Spindle whorls are used for a long period of time and as such are very difficult to date precisely without other evidence (such as pottery). The whorl measures 26.35mm diameter, is 7.57mm thick and weighs 23.07 grams.

HESH-5CCBD1: MUSKET BALL
Bag 8 Photo C - Musket Ball One possible lead alloy musket shot / ball of post medieval 1600-1800 date. The ball has lost its spherical shape and possesses a relatively even surface on one half of the shot. The other has a large curving surface created by an impact from collision, as a consequence the ball resembles a crescent shape. The shot has a casting seam and spurs from the mould removed. It is a light grey colour with a relatively thick surface patina. Similar shot have been dated to the later post medieval period however the date range should extend into the early modern period as similar projectiles were used in firearms throughout this period. Musket balls are discussed in Courtney's "Small Arms Accessories of the Mid-Seventeenth Century" (1988) and on page 202 of "Material Culture in London in an Age of Transition" by Geoff Egan (2005). This find was discovered within an area where significant numbers of other shot have been discovered. It is unusual in shape and it is possible that it may be a very distorted weight or represent scrap lead which has been recycled. It is recorded as a musket shot due to this being the most likely identification. The musket ball measures: 23.8mm in diameter and weigh 30.69 grams

HESH-D0536C: SPINDLE WHORL
Cast lead or lead alloy bi-convex decorated spindle whorl of Roman to Post Medieval date (1 - 1650 AD); most probably medieval date (AD 1300-1550). The spindle whorl is broadly circular in plan and a globular bi-convex shape in profile. Both faces have a cast rim around the edge and also a similar rim around the circumference of the inner hole - this central rim is very high compared to most examples recorded to date. The central hole is broadly circular and has been cast / set slightly off centre; it has an internal diameter of 7.8mm. The upper and lower faces are decorated with the same design - this consists of a series of radiating lines each of which has a small pellet on its terminal. The spindle whorl is a white colour with an even but eroded surface patina. Spindle whorls are used for a long period of time and as such are very difficult to date precisely without other evidence (such as pottery). This form is often attributed to the Medieval period although this example has a very high bi-convex profile The whorl measures 25.3mm diameter, is 14.8mm thick. It weighs 40.12 grams

HESH-867040: TOKEN
A complete lead alloy uniface token. It is circular in plan and rectangular in profile.The upper face is decorated with a saltire cross bisected by a vertical line dividing the face into six irregular triangular wedges - witin each division is a single pellet. The reverse is plain and undecorated. The token has a mid grey coloured surface patina. Diameter: 16.1mm , thickness: 2.1mm, weight: 2.79 grams

HESH-864BD5: TOKEN
A complete lead alloy uniface token. I is circular in plan and rectangular in profile.The upper face is decorated with a vertical cross with a pellet in each divided quarter - the pellets are joined vertically by a curvi-linear bar forming an arc which flanks the vertical central cross. The reverse is plain and undecorated. The token has a mid grey coloured surface patina. Diameter: 24.2mm , thickness: 2.6mm, weight: 6.52 grams

HESH-7519CE: WEIGHT
Cast lead or lead alloy weight of probable medieval date (1300 - 1550). The weight is sub-cylindrical being oval in plan and cross section; it is D shaped in profile. A single cast hole extends through the middle of the weight and is filled with a white coloured lead alloy corrosion product; it is likely that this was used to suspend the weight and aided safe-keeping and storage. The underside of the weight has an irregular recess within and the surface is uneven. The weight is undecorated although the external surface is covered in knife marks and cuts. It is a mid-grey colour with an abraded and corroded patina that covers all surfaces. Similar weights have been dated to both the Roman and the medieval periods. The context of this find would suggest the later. The weight measures 32.3mm in high, 39.1mm width and is 38.8mm thick. It weighs 222.7 grams or 7.8 ozs. As such it may have been used as a 8 oz or 1/2 lb weight.

HESH-378D27: SHOT
A lead alloy shot / ball of probable post medieval or early modern date (1600-1800 AD). Due to the size and weight the ball is most likely to be from a small carbine or pistol. The shot is sub spherical in shape with an uneven surface and a clear casting seam from the mould is present; there is no evidence of the shot having been fired. It is a mid-grey colour with an abraded patina. Similar shot has been dated to the later post medieval period however the date range should extend into the early modern period as similar projectiles were used in firearms throughout this period. Musket balls are discussed in Courtney's "Small Arms Accessories of the Mid-Seventeenth Century" (1988) and on page 202 of "Material Culture in London in an Age of Transition" by Geoff Egan (2005). The shot measures diameter: 10.8mm, weight: 6.87 grams

WMID-CA8B5B: TOKEN
A complete cast lead alloy token of later Medieval to Post-Medieval date, circa (AD1400-1800). The token is broadly circular in plan. The token is decorated on one face with a long cross in light relief (Powell type 14).The reverse face is flat and undecorated. The surface of the token has been abraded and worn. The token has a grey coloured patina across all surfaces. Lead tokens had a wide variety of potential uses such as use as tallies, gaming pieces, tickets, weights, etc. and are believed to have been locally produced; they are therefore difficult to date precisely. Those carrying initials are generally deemed to be Post Medieval in date (1500-1850AD), those which seem to mimic Medieval penny designs are deemed to be Medieval, the remainder which carry stylised designs remain difficult to date but the majority are probably Post Medieval in date c.1500-1800. Powell (2012) comments that Type 1, 31, and 3 are designs which were commonly made stock and occur in large quantities, dating to the late 16th to mid-19th centuries. The token measures 21.7 mm diameter, is 3.13 mm thick and weighs 6.9 grams Powell, D. (2012) The 18th century Sophistication of the Stock Design. Lead Token Telegraph. Issue 86.

WMID-9BB0D2: TOKEN
A fragment, of a cast lead alloy, possible token of Post-Medieval date, circa 15th - 17th century. The fragment is irregular in plan, with three sides, one flat edge and two curved edges forming a rounded edge. Two edges are damaged. The object is decorated on one face with a series of letters in light relief that are placed around the edges. The letters read: E h W then possibly C or G. R. The reverse face is decorated with a large V or A in light relief. The token has a mid-grey coloured patina across all surfaces. The function of this object is uncertain. The object measures 23.02mm in length, 22.03mm in width, is 2.08mm thick and weighs 4.2 grams

WMID-B1180E: TOKEN
A complete cast lead alloy token of later Medieval to Post-Medieval date, circa (AD 1400-1800). The token is broadly circular in plan. The token is decorated on one face with a central pellet and a series of radiating ribs. The ribs are moulded in light relief and extend to the outer edges of the token. This possibly represents the sun or a star (Powell type 26, celestial). The reverse face is flat and undecorated. The token has a grey coloured patina across all surfaces. Lead tokens had a wide variety of potential uses such as use as tallies, gaming pieces, tickets, weights, etc. and are believed to have been locally produced; they are therefore difficult to date precisely. Those carrying initials are generally deemed to be Post Medieval in date (1500-1850AD), those which seem to mimic Medieval penny designs are deemed to be Medieval, the remainder which carry stylised designs remain difficult to date but the majority are probably Post Medieval in date c.1500-1800. Powell (2012) comments that Type 1, 31, and 3 are designs which were commonly made stock and occur in large quantities, dating to the late 16th to mid-19th centuries. The token measures 17.81mm diameter, is 3.7mm thick and weighs 5.6 grams Powell, D. (2012) The 18th century Sophistication of the Stock Design. Lead Token Telegraph. Issue 86.

HESH-356984: MOUNT
A decorative cut lead alloy sheet of uncertain function or date - probably late medieval / post medieval (AD 1300-1600). The plate is broadly triangular in shape having one edge deliberately rolled over to form a U shaped edge. The upper part has been deliberately cut to shape with a rectangular tab extending from the outer edge. The long edge on the front face is decorated with what remains of a double incised line with a rocker arm zig zag pattern between. Along the lower edge and break are small circular holes which may have been for pins / sewn holes for attaching the plate to another object. The piece is a mid grey colour with a white corroded surface patina. The piece has been heavily consolidated by conservation specialists and a lateral crack across the piece has been repaired. The function of the piece is uncertain - the fact that it is shaped suggests it once protected the corner or long edge of either a book or box. The incised decoration suggests that it is possible that this was on view. A direct parallel has not been found. The dating is reliant on the rocker arm decoration and the overall surrounding archaeology. The artefact measures: 64.8mm length, 51.2mm width is 1.6mm maximum thickness and weighs 7.55 grams.

WMID-3DDF93: WEIGHT
A lead alloy weight or possible spindle whorl of Roman to Post Medieval date (AD1 - 1650). In plan the object is semi-circular. The object has a central semi-circular perforation which measures 4.10mm in width. It is possible the object was once circular and only half of the object is now remaining. The upper surface is decorated with a series of linear incisions. The reverse surface of the object is un-decorated. The object has a cream coloured patina across all surfaces. Spindle whorls and weights have been used for a long period of time and are therefore very difficult to date precisely without other evidence (such as pottery). Weights with a similar diameter and perforation have been classified as flat weights for bullion (Biggs and Withers 2000: 23-26). The object measures 44.12mm in diameter, is 7.7mm thick and weighs 37.5 grams. Biggs, N and Withers, P. 2000. Lead Weights: The David Rogers Collection. Llanfyllin, Powys: English Weights Series - 6.

WAW-572643: SPINDLE WHORL
Roman to Medieval (1st to 15th centuries) spindle whorl: A cast lead or possibly more likely lead alloy spindle whorl which is sub-circular in plan and in profile is sub bi-convex. There is a central sub-circular perforation which is 9.97mm diameter. One face of the spindle whorl is decorated with radiating ridges, the other face is decorated with a concentric ring with intermittent pellets equidistant along it and radiating ridges. The surface is oxidised and is laminating as it corrodes. It measures 28.45mm diameter and is 13.53mm thick. It weighs 24.98g. Spindle whorls, as an artefact type, can be hard to date accurately as they remained in use for a long period of time. The weight of the spindle whorl is suggestive of a thick wool thread being spun, as there is a direct relationship between the weight of the whorl and the thickness of the resulting thread. Fine threads such as silk require a lighter whorl than those used to spun wool or linen.

WAW-3C57B9: SHOT
Post Medieval (mid 17th to mid 19th century) pistol: A lead or lead alloy sub-spherical ball. It has an oxidised cream coloured patina. It measures 12.88mm diameter, and weighs 10.68g. Ball shot was the prime form of small arms projectile used from the very late Medieval Period to middle of the 19th century. However, the majority of small arms shot originates from the mid 17th to the end of the 19th century. Dating small arms shot is extremely difficult as there was no standardisation of calibre or weight until the middle 17th century and then only for military arms. Based on the weight this example is likely to be a pistol shot.

WAW-3C2F21: SHOT
Post Medieval (mid 17th to mid 19th century) pistol or buck shot: A lead or lead alloy sub-spherical ball which has multiple, slightly impacted faces. The ball is sub-sphereical. It has a mid grey patina. It measures 8.7mm diameter, and weighs 3.88g. Ball shot was the prime form of small arms projectile used from the very late Medieval Period to middle of the 19th century. However, the majority of small arms shot originates from the mid 17th to the end of the 19th century. Dating small arms shot is extremely difficult as there was no standardisation of calibre or weight until the middle 17th century and then only for military arms. Based on the weight this example is likely to be a pistol or buck shot.

HESH-D31351: MOUNT
An incomplete cast lead alloy zoomorphic mount or figurine in the form of a stylised fish or dolphin. The figure consists of the head facing right with a slightly rounded open mouth. The upper part of the jaw is thicker and more prominent than the lower half. The figure has a large eye consisting of an oval shaped pellet set in an oval shaped groove. The body of the figurine has an arched back which curves and tapers to a broken terminal. Other examples on the database suggest that the body would have then terminated in a forked tail. The lead is a mid-greyish cream colour. This is very similar to Roman depictions of the dolphin. Under the head, it is flattened to form a basic base, it is possible that this area formed an attachment area to another object. There is currently still a degree of debate over the dating and functionality of these items. Similar ones have been recorded on the PAS database (HESH-407E14) which was discovered in Herefordshire (LVPL-F329E2) found in Tottington, Bury and (LON-AECDD4) found in Greater London. Dating has varied from Roman through to the Georgian period (circa AD 43 to circa 1900). The object measures 39.97 mm in length, 34.8 mm height and is 11.17mm thick. It weighs 52.4 grams.

HESH-18BFCD: WEIGHT
Cast lead alloy weight, probably from a net or line of unknown date, probably medieval - modern (1200-1900). The weight is sub-cylindrical with a single transverse cast hole set off centre (diameter 5.0 mm); the hole is filled with soil and one end is crushed and the hole is sealed. The weight measures 29.1mm length and 17.7mm diameter. It weighs 28.8 grams.

HESH-049F63: WEIGHT
Cast lead or lead alloy weight of probable medieval - post medieval date (1300 - 1700). The weight is a pointed oval shape in plan and D shaped in profile . The base is flat with a slight depression at its mid point. The upper surface has a distinct high domed curve - but is undecorated; although the surface is roughened - but patinated. The weight is a mid grey white colour with an even patina that covers all surfaces. It has been marked and abraded in the soil this has caused it to become asymmetrical. A direct parallel has not been found. The weight measures 41.2mm in length, 23.7mm width, 14.8mm thick and weighs75.4 grams or 2.66 ozs.

HESH-CCB98D: AMPULLA
A complete and sealed / closed cast lead or lead alloy pilgrims ampulla dating from the medieval period; late 13th - late 15th century (1250-1500). The pilgrims' ampulla is broadly sub-rectangular in plan and profile. The lower part has a rounded convex base that tapers slightly to form a waste at the mid point. This then flares outwards towards the upper edge which is closed / sealed by crimping at the top. Where the ampulla sides flare there is are loops one on either side; one of these is broken and small scars remain. The surviving loop has an angular shape. The front face of the ampulla is decorated with cast design consisting of a crowned W whilst the reverse is decorated with a six petalled flower formed from oval / lentoid shaped hoops. The crowned W is the mark for the popular pilgrimage site for the Shrine of our lady at Walsingham, Norfolk. A large casting flaw crosses through the centre of one face and trimmed casting flashes can be seen around the edge of the flask.The ampulla is a mid creamy grey colour with an even patina that covers the majority of surfaces. This patina has been abraded in several areas revealing a mid grey metal beneath. Ampullae were used to contain holy water, as a souvenir of a pilgrimage; they date to the 13th to 15th centuries. It has been suggested that many of these are found unconnected with religious sites (specifically in East Anglia) and it is thought that they could have been used and discarded in a religious ceremony to bless the fields. Similar examples can be seen (along with a discussion on the crowned W types) in the Salisbury Medieval Museum Catalogue (Spenser,1990: p59-60 ref 131 and 138 figs 174 and 180) The ampulla measures, 51.8mm in length (from the upper edge to the apex of the base), 29.8mm maximum width (across the base of the ampulla), and is 8.0mm thick (at the base). The ampulla weighs 36.1 grams.

WILT-653F46: WHISTLE
A post-medieval lead alloy whistle, of a type described as a 'police whistle'. The whistle is circular in cross section (14.21mm in diameter). The mouth of the whistle, which is an open ring (10.7mm in diameter), tapers upwards towards a collar, and from there the main body of the whistle (35.19mm in length, including the collars) joins another collar, tapering away to a ring at the top. There are two sound-hole openings just above the collar. The body (57.50mm overall) is undecorated A number of whistles have been recorded by the PAS, however a direct parallel has not been found. It is likely that the dating of this whistle falls within the period 1500-1800.

HESH-943DE2: WEIGHT
Cast lead alloy weight, probably from a net or line of unknown date, probably medieval - modern (1200-1900). The weight is sub-cylindrical with a single cast hole set off centre (diameter 10.2mm). The weight is a mid grey colour with an abraded slight dusty surface patina. The weight measures 39.5mm length 21.5mm width, is 20.7mm thick and weighs 83.03 grams.

HESH-942C45: WEIGHT
Cast lead alloy weight of unknown date probably later medieval or modern 1300-1800 AD. The weight is sub-circular in plan and rectangular in profile. Through the centre is a circular hole (10.4mm) . There is no decoration. The weight is a white colour with an even, but powdery corrosion. Similar weights have been dated to both the Roman and the medieval periods however it is most likely that this is of medieval date, probably for use as a net or line weight. The weight measures 22.9mm diameter 13.4mm high and weighs 29.38 grams.

HESH-942037: WEIGHT
Cast lead alloy weight of unknown date probably later medieval or modern 1300-1800 AD. The weight is sub-circular in plan and D shaped in profile. Through the centre is a circular hole (9.6mm ) with a distinct wear facet on the internal edge. There is no decoration. The weight is a mid grey colour with an even, but powdery corrosion. Similar weights have been dated to both the Roman and the medieval periods however it is most likely that this is of medieval date, probably for use as a net or line weight. The weight measures 22.6mm diameter 12.3mm high and weighs 20.94 grams.

HESH-9411B5: WEIGHT
Cast lead alloy weight of unknown date probably later medieval or modern 1300-1800 AD. The weight is sub-circular in plan and D shaped in profile; in cross section it is an irregular rectangle. Through the centre is a circular hole (8.4mm ) with a distinct wear facet on the internal edge. The underside has a distinct circumferential recess which could be interpreted as decoration. The weight is a mid grey colour with an even, but powdery corrosion. Similar weights have been dated to both the Roman and the medieval periods however it is most likely that this is of medieval date, probably for use as a net or line weight. The weight measures 23.9mm diameter, 12.4mm high and weighs 34.68 grams.

HESH-93F4A1: SPINDLE WHORL
A cast lead or lead alloy spindle whorl of Roman to Post Medieval date (1 - 1650 AD), most probably Medieval (AD 1200-1450). The spindle whorl is broadly circular in plan and has an irregular bi-convex cross section / profile. The central hole is circular and has been cast / set off centre; it has an internal diameter of 10.1mm. The side wall of the internal hole has an irregular oval shaped a casting void. The upper and lower faces both have been cast with the similar designs. The upper consists of a series of regularly spaced radiating triangular wedges arranged in a star burst - sun pattern. The reverse face is much flatter and decorated with recessed triangular wedges. The spindle whorl is a mid grey colour with an even but abraded and broken patina. Spindle whorls are used for a long period of time and as such are very difficult to date precisely without other evidence (such as pottery). The design on this example is most likely to date from the Medieval period c. AD 1100-1500. The whorl measures 29.4mm diameter, is 15.4mm thick and weighs 54.17 grams.

HESH-937F46: TOKEN
A cast lead alloy uni-faced token of later medieval or post-medieval date (1200-1800). The token is irregular in plan (being broadly circular) and profile. The upper face is decorated with a cast design consisting of a series of irregular radiating spokes emanating from a central pellet. The reverse is plain and undecorated. The token is a grey colour with a polished surface patina. The token measures 16.8mm length, 13.2mm width, 3.2mm thick; it weighs 3.21 grams.

HESH-934925: TOKEN
A cast lead alloy uni-faced token of later medieval or post-medieval date (1200-1800). The token is irregular in plan (being broadly oval) and profile. The upper face is decorated with a cast design consisting of a series of a vertical cross . The reverse is plain and undecorated. The token is a grey colour with a polished surface patina. The token measures 16.9mm length, 14.4mm width, 5.1mm thick; it weighs 6.87 grams.

WMID-6C3CB0: TOKEN
A complete miscast lead alloy bifaced token, of Medieval to Post Medieval dating (AD 1300 to AD 1600). The token is sub circular in plan. The obverse depicts a long cross with a pellet in each quarter (Powell type 14). The reverse bears the remnants of an initial, probably an L (Powell type 2). The token has a length of 20.51 mm, is 17.71 mm wide and 4.32 mm thick. It weighs 7.8g The token is a mid grey colour, with an even surface patina. Lead tokens are a frequently occurring find, with a variety of different designs. Tokens like this, were used as tallies or as replacement low denomination coinage during the Medieval and Post Medieval periods.

HESH-6542E6: AMPULLA
An incomplete cast lead or lead alloy pilgrims ampulla dating from the medieval period; late 13th - late 15th century (1250-1450). The pilgrims' ampulla is much more angular and robust than most examples having a very rectangular flask mouth and D shaped body. In plan and profile the ampulla is broadly sub-rectangular. The lower part has a rounded convex base that is stepped to form a waste at the mid point. This then extends vertically upwards towards the upper edge which is lost due to a lateral break / split . At the mid point of the neck of the flask there are two small integral cast loops which have both been broken away leaving small irregular projections. The front and rear face of the ampulla are decorated with cast motifs. These designs have been abraded. The front face has a cast design of a triangular shaped shield which is decorated with a similar shaped shield within. Outside the shield are a series of radiating ribs that are continuations of the reverse design. The design on the reverse face is deeply cast (and incised) consisting of curvilinear lines forming a shell / scallop design. This represents the shell of St James - the symbol of Pilgrimage. The neck on both faces seems undecorated. The damage on the upper edge is consistent with that seen in the burial environment. The split is irregular and the edges are feathered. The ampulla is a mid grey cream colour with an uneven patina. This patina has been abraded in several areas revealing a mid grey metal beneath. Ampullae were used to contain holy water, as a souvenir of a pilgrimage; they date to the 13th to 15th centuries. It has been suggested that many of these are found unconnected with religious sites (specifically in East Anglia) and it is thought that they could have been used and discarded in a religious ceremony to bless the fields. Not enough ampullae have been recorded in the West to say if a similar tradition is prevalent here. Several similar ampullae with shield like patterns can be seen in Salisbury Museum Medieval Catalogue II cat. no.128-130 fig: 171-173. Spence in his description suggests that these were decorative arms rather than heraldic as similar designs can be seen on contemporary objects such as costrels (contemporary travellers water bottles). Interestingly this example is best paralleled against cat no 130 - which has a similar shaped design / arms which Spencer links to the arms of the Mortimer's (Earls of March) The ampulla measures, 47.9mm in length (from the upper edge to the apex of the base), 39.4mm maximum width (across the base of the ampulla), and is 14.4mm thick (at the base). The ampulla weighs 81.16 grams.

HESH-A4AAC2: MUSKET BALL
A cast lead alloy shot / ball, of probable post medieval or early modern date (1600-1800 AD). The ball is an irregular sphere with one face having a distinct flattened surface. It is most probably from a small bored carbine or possibly a large pistol. The exterior surface is uneven with a mid cream grey coloured surface patina. The flattened surface may indicate it has been fired and hit something - although the ball itself is not misshapen - another explanation is that it were poorly cast. An indistinct circumferential ridge casting seam can be seen and the casting sprues have been removed. Similar shot has been dated to the later post medieval period however the date range should extend into the early modern period as similar projectiles were used in firearms throughout this period. Musket balls are discussed in Courtney's "Small Arms Accessories of the Mid-Seventeenth Century" (1988) and on page 202 of "Material Culture in London in an Age of Transition" by Geoff Egan (2005). The ball measures : Diameter 13.2mm, thickness (across the damaged face): 12.3mm, weight: 12.1 grams.

HESH-6A6F38: SPINDLE WHORL
A cast lead or lead alloy spindle whorl of Roman to Post Medieval date (1 - 1650 AD), most probably later medieval (1150-1600 AD). The spindle whorl is broadly circular in plan and bi-convex in cross section. The central hole is circular and has been cast / set off centre; it has an internal diameter of 10.2mm. A large concave casting flaw is present in one of the side walls of the internal hole. The upper and lower faces both have been cast with similar decoration consisting of irregular triangular wedges radiate from the central hole creating a multi-pointed star. The spindle whorl is a mid-white or light grey colour with an even abraded and broken patina. The whorl has also been abraded and rolled in the plough soil and the edges have been damaged. Spindle whorls are used for a long period of time and as such are very difficult to date precisely without other evidence (such as pottery). This example is most likely to date from the later medieval or post medieval period. The whorl measures 25.0mm diameter, is 10.4mm thick and weighs 18.20 grams.

HESH-14E4D6: WEIGHT
An incomplete cast lead or lead alloy weight of probable late Medieval or Post Medieval date (1250 - 1700). The weight was originally circular but now semi-circular being broken (possibly cut) in half. It is rectangular in cross section. The upper face of the disc is decorated with incised concentric rings which have been cut over with deep knife scores. The reverse face was originally flat and plain however a number of deep grooves have been cut into the reverse with a knife. The weight is a light grey colour with a powdery uneven and corroded patina that covers all surfaces. A light active powdery corrosion product is present on all surfaces. A direct parallel for this weight has not been found. It is most likely to date from the later medieval or post medieval periods. The weight measures 44.6mm diameter (27.2mm wide), 7.8mm thick and weighs 58.69 grams

HESH-146FF3: WEIGHT
Cast lead or lead alloy weight of probable late Medieval or Post Medieval date (1250 - 1700). The weight is oval / sub-circular in plan and rectangular in cross section. The disc is undecorated although both the upper and lower faces are marked with small triangular knife cuts. The weight is a mid creamy yellow colour with a relatively even patina that covers all surfaces. A direct parallel for this weight has not been found. It is most likely to date from the later medieval or post medieval periods. The weight measures 27.6mm length, 23.9mm width is 7.0mm thick and weighs 34.64 grams or 1.22 ozs .

HESH-018606: TOKEN
A cast lead alloy uni-faced token of later medieval or post-medieval date (1200-1800). The token is regular in plan (being broadly circular) and profile. The upper face is decorated with a cast design comprising a cross potent formed by four conjoined triangular shaped wedges - at the centre of the cross is a small square. It is possible that this might represent the sails of a windmill (Powell Type 22) but the geometric form compares best with that described as Crosses (Powell Type 14a) The token is a grey colour with a polished surface patina. The token measures 19.8mm diameter and is 2.4mm thick; it weighs 3.82 grams.

A cast lead alloy uni-faced token of later medieval or post-medieval date (1200-1800). The token is regular in plan (being broadly circular) and profile. The upper face is decorated with a cast design comprising a cross formed from vertical and horizontal ribs with a single pellet in each divided angle of the cross - these pellets are positioned irregularly. The overall design can be compared to of Powell's type 14b - possibly designed to simulate medieval coinage. The reverse is face has an oval (vesica shaped) depression. The shape of this could suggest that the token has been impressed with a seal matrix, the detail on the impression is poor and the central device does not survive well. A small fragment of the inscription is present - it reads [...]RDI[?]O [...]. The style of the letters looks to the later - post medieval period. The token is a grey colour with a polished surface patina. The token measures 26.4mm diameter and is 4.1mm thick; it weighs 15.68 grams.

WAW-AA7110: CLOTH SEAL
Post Medieval cast lead or lead alloy cloth seal. It is composed of two sub-circular discs linked with an integral ribbon joining the discs. The ribbon is folded in half, thereby the two discs lay over each other. One disc has an integral stud which passes through the perforation in the second disc. Both discs have then been flattened and only one has been stamped. One face has '88' within an annulet and a legend forming the border. Only 'M followed by a pellet' is visible of the legend. The reverse reads doesn't appear to be stamped with a design. The surface of the seal has oxidised forming a mottled cream/grey colour. It measures 20.62mm long, 12.87mm wide and 2.89mm thick. It weighs 2.8g. Cloth seals were in use between the 14th and 18th centuries (Egan, G. 1989 'Leaden Seals for Textiles - Some Archaeological Evidence Relating to Fabric and Trade' Costume No. 23) as a form of quality control. The seal probably dates to the 17th century. A similar seal is recorded on the PAS database; SF-61EA97.

HESH-3B27C7: CASTING WASTE
An irregular casting sprue or jet of casting debris of unknown date - most probably later medieval - post medieval (1400-1800 AD). The jet is broadly rectangular in plan and irregular in section. The reverse face is flat; the front face has a raised longitudinal D shaped bar extending an projecting from one edge to the other; one terminal of this bar has a rounded boss. The lead is a mid grey colour and the patina is well formed. A specific date cannot be attributed but from the condition of the metalwork a very late medieval or post medieval date is preferred. The casting debris measures 50.4mm length, 21.8mm width is 8.6mm thick and weighs 30.33 grams.

HESH-3B0D61: VESSEL
A fragment of a cast lead alloy sheeting possibly made into a form or pattern for casting copper alloy cooking vessel escutcheons. The fitting is an irregular semi-circular in plan and rectangular shape in cross section. It has been cut from a sheet of lead alloy - the external edge is scalloped and a circular hole has been drilled / cut through the mid point of one edge (diameter 8.4mm). The upper surface is augmented with lines between the scallops. The surface of the object has a mottled dark grey patina. The fragment is similar in form to that of a type of cooking vessel, some of which were suspended by chains. Egan (Egan G. 1998 The Medieval Household Daily Living c. 1150-c.1450 Museum of London, London, The Stationary Office) illustrates a suspended cooking vessel with similar suspension loops, Figure 146, and Figure 137. These types of objects tend to date to the later Medieval and early Post Medieval periods. It should be noted that this identification is tentative as the shape broadly conforms with that seen on these vessels. Casting forms / patterns are rare and as such it is possible that this object could have been made either to cast repairs to existing handles or possibly be an offcut from a lead alloy sheet that has been augmented for no particular purpose. The object measures 60.3mm long and 45.6mm wide is 5.8mm thick and weighs 64.49 grams.

WAW-948175: AMPULLA
An incomplete cast lead-alloy medieval pilgrim's ampulla. The artefact would have been flask-shaped only the rounded, semi-circular lower chamber survives. The ampulla is decorated bifacially on the lower chamber. On one surface are numerous incised grooves to create an X. edge. On the other surface there appear to two simple lines forming an X. The ampulla is 27.95mm in length, 30.0mm wide, 5.4mm thick and weighs 16.6 grams

WAW-30F985: SEAL MATRIX
A cast lead seal matrix of Medieval date, c. 1300-1500. The seal matrix is a circular shape, the suspension loop is missing. The seal matrix is incomplete and there is an old break running down the centre of the seal matrix. The seal has S'WI[L]: DE: CO[...] inscribed around an eight pointed star.

HESH-3AF0D4: WEIGHT
Cast lead or lead alloy weight (or possibly a very thick token) of probable late Medieval or Post Medieval date (1350 - 1650). The weight is circular in plan and D shaped in cross section. The edges around the front face are faceted; the design on the front consists of high relief cast ribs and pellets. These forms the initial I b or possibly 91 depending on direction of orientation. The lines are all pellet terminalled and there are two pellets in the field, one below the 9 (or above the b) and one after the 1 (or before the I). The reverse face is plain and undecorated. The weight is a mid grey brown colour with an even slightly abraded patina that covers all surfaces. A direct parallel for this weight has not been found. The weight measures 28.2mm in diameter and is 5.7mm thick. It weighs 22.83 grams or 0.81ozs (352.8 grains).

HESH-27A4C8: WEIGHT
Cast lead alloy weight, or possible spindle whorl of unknown date probably later medieval 1300-1600 AD. The weight is sub-circular in plan and D shaped in profile; in cross section it is an irregular rectangle. Through the centre is a sub-circular hole (diameter: 8.7mm). There is no sign of decoration and the ring is a mid grey colour with an even, but powdery corrosion. Similar weights have been dated to both the Roman and the Medieval periods however it is most likely that this is of medieval date, probably for use as a net or line weight. The weight measures 24.9mm diameter, is 10.2.mm thick and weighs 33.49 grams.

HESH-277B38: WEIGHT
Cast lead alloy weight, of unknown date probably later medieval 1300-1800 AD. The weight is sub-circular in plan and sub-rectangular in profile; in cross section it is an irregular circle. Through the centre is a sub-circular hole (11.6mm x 12.8mm) The upper edge on the internal face of the hole are a series of worn grooves, presumably from cord, the grooves have an even width of 1.8mm each. There is no sign of decoration and the ring is a mid grey colour with an even, but powdery corrosion. Similar weights have been dated to both the Roman and the Medieval periods however it is most likely that this is of medieval date. The weight measures 37.0mm diameter, is 13.6mm thick and weighs 106.21 grams.

WAW-0A1505: TOKEN
A worn uniface cast lead-alloy token of post-medieval date with a long cross with a single pellet in each quarter. The token is sub-oval in shape.

HESH-71C877: UNIDENTIFIED OBJECT
Cast lead alloy artefact of unknown date or function; it is highly likely that this artefact may date from the post medieval period and be some form of weight but at present no parallel for this artefact is known. The artefact is irregular in plan and cross section; it is formed with a cast cylindrical knop at the base which expands in width and thins in section to form a sub-rectangular sheet which has been curved. The upper edge of this sheet is cut and the longest part folded back to form a pointed V shaped hook or tab. The front face of the upper part is decorated with an incised design which is heavily worn. This design consists of curvi-linear lines. The decoration is either in the form of a lily or flower; another interpretation is that it is decorated like a fly. The wear on the artefact precludes exact identification. The reverse face is hollowed due to the outer edges of the artefact being curved back upon themselves. The artefact is a mid grey cream colour with a relatively thick patina which is well preserved. The artefact measures 22.0mm length, is 18.4mm wide and 9.0mm thick (measurement taken across the diameter of the op like cylinder). It weighs 9.11 grams

HESH-6FAA75: SPINDLE WHORL
Cast lead or lead alloy bi-convex decorated spindle whorl of probable Medieval date (1300 – 1650 AD). The spindle whorl is sub-circular in plan. Both faces have a cast rim around the edge and also a similar rim around the circumference of the inner hole. The central hole is broadly circular and has been cast / set slightly off centre. The diameter of the hole measures 11.3mm. The design on the upper and lower is broadly the same consisting of a series of radiating diagonal lines forming irregular panels. Each panel is decorated with a letter or symbol cast in high relief. The front face reads (clockwise / left - right): Panel with vertical cross with diagonal chevron in each quarter: Y L A N [upside down] followed by two panels of diagonal chevrons. The reverse similarly reads: P N [reverse bared] XY S [reversed and on its side] Y P [backwards]. This inscription is poorly executed and seems to be illegible; this is similar to other inscriptions in the medieval period. The spindle whorl is a mid-light grey cream colour with an even but broken patina. The whorl has also been abraded and rolled in the plough soil and the edges have been damaged. Spindle whorls are used for a long period of time and as such are very difficult to date precisely without other evidence (such as pottery). This form is often attributed to the medieval period. The whorl measures 28.8mm diameter, is 12.6mm thick and weighs 31.12 grams.

HESH-723644: WEIGHT
Cast lead alloy weight, probably from a net or line of unknown date, probably medieval – modern (1200-1900). The weight is sub-cylindrical with a single cast hole set off centre (diameter 2.9 mm); the hole is filled with soil. It measures 29.7mm length and 18.4mm diameter. It weighs 53.84 grams.

HESH-722D51: WEIGHT
Cast lead alloy weight, probably from a net or line of unknown date, probably medieval – modern (1200-1900). The weight is sub-spherical with a single cast hole set off centre (diameter 6.4 mm). It measures 16.2mm diameter and is 14.0mm thick. It weighs 16.92 grams.

HESH-722682: WEIGHT
Cast lead alloy weight, probably from a net or line of unknown date, probably medieval – modern (1200-1900). The weight is sub-spherical with a single cast hole set off centre (diameter 9.0 mm). It measures 21.9mm diameter and is 15.8mm thick. It weighs 29.25 grams.

Cast lead or lead alloy weight of probable medieval date (1200 - 1400). The weight is sub-circular in plan and sub-rectangular in cross section. Both faces of the weight are undecorated. The weight measures 31.2mm in diameter and is 6.3mm thick; it weighs 43.9 grams or 1.55ozs. The weight may suggest it was used as a trade or bullion / sterling weight of 1 1/2oz’s. The weight is a mid grey cream colour with an even but abraded patina that covers all surfaces. It has been marked and abraded in the soil; this has caused the weight to become slightly asymmetrical. Similar weights have been dated to the medieval period

Cast lead or lead alloy weight of probable medieval date (1200 - 1400). The weight is sub-circular in plan and D shaped in cross section. The front face is undecorated but the remains of a encrusted projection of some sort remains on both faces. The reverse face of the weight is flat and undecorated. The weight measures 40.8mm in diameter and is 11.1mm thick; it weighs 114.1 grams or 4.01ozs. The weight may suggest it was used as a trade or bullion / sterling weight of 4oz’s or ¼ of a pound. The weight is a mid grey colour with an even but abraded patina that covers all surfaces. It has been marked and abraded in the soil; this has caused the weight to become slightly asymmetrical. Similar weights have been dated to the medieval period and it is suggested that they were used as pan weights by traders / merchants etc.

HESH-A79748: SPINDLE WHORL
Incomplete and miscast lead or lead alloy bi-convex spindle whorl of Roman to later Medieval date (1 – 1500 AD). The spindle whorl is sub-circular in plan, it measures 16.8mm diameter, and is 9.3mm thick. There is a miscast circular hole which does not extend completely through the whorl and this is set slightly off centre. The diameter of the hole would have measured 8.7mm. The whorl weighs 27.17 grams. The upper edge of the spindle whorl has been decorated with a series of cast high-relief lines which radiate from the central hole. The central hole is fouled with a concreted mass of lead. Similar waste lead is present on the edges of the whorl creating an uneven surface. The reverse face of the whorl is flat and undecorated. It is also perfectly smooth with only a small indication of the central hole. The spindle whorl is of a mid-light grey colour with an uneven patina. It is suggested that this example represents the waste / mis-casting of a spindle whorl from a two part mould. Spindle whorls are used for a long period of time and as such are very difficult to date precisely without other evidence (such as pottery). Due to the context of the area the find is most likely to date from the medieval period. It is also likely to represent a miscast or unfinished whorl and suggest that there may be medieval metalworking in the adjacent area.

HESH-A78763: TOKEN
Uni-faced cast lead-alloy token of probable late medieval / post-medieval date (1400 - 1650). The design is limited to one face and is formed from a series of cast ribs. The design on this token consists of a series of six radiating spokes which divide the token irregularly arranged unevenly. These spokes are joined by an outer concentric circle creating a border to the pattern. Diameter: 25.5mm, thickness 2.7mm. Weight 7.91 grams

HESH-7AFA21: WEIGHT
Cast lead or lead alloy weight of probable medieval date (1300 - 1550). The weight is sub-circular in plan and sub-triangular (conical) in cross section. From the upper part of the weight a small pierced integrally cast lug extends. The pierced hole has been achieved by cutting from each side it has a diameter of 2.7mm. The weight is plain and decorated with a circumferential incised groove which has been applied to the lower part of the weight. The weight measures 18.8mm diameter and is 24.1mm high. It weighs 42.78 grams or 1.5ozs (660.2 grains). The weight is a mid grey colour with an even patina that covers all surfaces. It has been marked and abraded in the soil; this has caused the weight to become asymmetrical. Similar standing weights have been dated to the medieval period (Biggs and Withers Lead Weights 32-33 ref 77-78). It is likely that the weight would have been used as a trade weight to weigh 1 ½ ozs.

HESH-7AF1A5: WEIGHT
Cast lead or lead alloy weight of probable medieval date (1300 - 1550). The weight is sub-circular in plan and sub-triangular (conical) in cross section. The weight is plain and undecorated. Through the centre of the weight is a length of iron wire which has snapped at the top of the weight. It is likely that this wire would have been looped to aid safe-keeping and storage. The weight measures 28.2mm diameter and is 18.9mm thick. It weighs 93.79 grams or 3.3ozs (1447.4 grains). The weight is a mid grey colour with an even patina that covers all surfaces. It has been marked and abraded in the soil; this has caused the weight to become asymmetrical. Similar standing conical or pyramid weights have been dated to the medieval period. (Norman Biggs, 1992: 'English Weights - an illustrated survey' pages 40-41, Biggs and Withers Lead Weights 32-33).

HESH-538D93: UNIDENTIFIED OBJECT
Incomplete cast lead artefact of unknown function. The artefact consists of a cast lead alloy irregular ball which has been trimmed on five sides to create irregular and uneven facets which cover approximately 2/3rds of the surface of the ball. These facets seem to have been created by cutting rather than being cast and the faces have a similar patina to the rest of the artefact. The ball measures 8.4mm length, 7.2mm width, is 7.5mm thick and weighs 3.35 grams The artefact is not decorated although patination on the cut faces does seem to resemble some form of decoration. No direct parallel has been found. A number of similar examples have been recorded as pinhead terminals dating to the early medieval period 700-1000 AD. However, there is no evidence for the stem or shaft of the pin in this example. Another, more likely, function would be to act as the pea from a post medieval lead alloy whistle. This does not explain why the pea should be faceted but a number of similar examples have been recorded as such. See PAS record

HESH-238C82: TOY
Fragment of a cast lead alloy toy, probably that of a single sided ‘Shy Cock’, of probable post medieval date (1600-1800). The shy cock toy is irregular in plan and profile. It is cast in one piece which has subsequently been folded to form a shy. The main elements are a wide sub-circular thick base from which extends a relatively thin sectioned sheet which has cast decoration on one face and is plain on the other. The shape of the sheet is irregular due to it forming an elaborately tailed cockerel, which has subsequently been badly abraded and torn in the ploughsoil. The cockerel is decorated with a series of curvi-linear ribs which are meant to represent feathers; the tail is best described as a fan. The head of the cock has been lost completely. The fragment measures 33.8mm length, 29.8mm width, is 10.4mm thick and weighs 24.63 grams. The stand measures 23.9mm x 21.8mm. The fragment of figurine is a mid-grey colour with an even but abraded patina. The edges are worn and abraded, in places the metal has also started to laminate. Where this occurs a mid-white coloured active corrosion is present. Similar shy cocks have been published by Forsyth and Egan 2005, section 7 pages 239-241. The only example from a dated context was found in London and dated 1730-1780. However the tradition is likely to be much older.

HESH-BD9011: WEIGHT
Cast lead or lead alloy weight of probable Post Medieval or early modern date (1550 - 1800). The weight is broadly sub-rectangular in plan and profile being formed in the shape of the royal crown. The front face of the weight has an intricate designed crown which has been achieved through casting. It consists of a double jeweled band from which a double looped frame expands. Detailed floriated side fleurs are present as a fluer-de-lys shaped ornaments. At the centre of the crown is a cross formed with wedge shaped axis, above this is a much degraded plume of feathers (presumably the emblem of the Prince of Wales. Much of the detail has been lost through abrasion and corrosion. The reverse of the weight is flat with a series of vertical and horizontal channels. These channels are filled with a much corroded iron wire, which forms a frame to aid suspension. A large iron hook is present at the upper part of the weight and this may aided use or storage. The weight is a mid grey cream colour with a relatively even patina that covers all surfaces. A light active powdery corrosion product is present on some surfaces. A direct parallel for this weight has not been found. It is most likely to date from the post medieval or modern periods. It is also possible that this might have been a harness decoration, although most of these are gilt and more decorative than this example – hence the suggestion that it is a weight. The weight measures 28.4mm length, 38.4mm width, is 14.4mm thick / high and weighs 66.46 grams or 2.35ozs (1025 grains).

HESH-B97042: PIN
An incomplete post medieval (1500-1620) cast lead alloy (pewter) pin. The fragment consists of a sub-spherical decorated pin head (terminal). A small oval shaped scar is present on the underside of the pinhead. This is the point where the pin shaft would have joined the head. This damage is relatively old as a patina has developed over the break. It is highly likely that the pin head is hollow, being formed from two parts joined by solder, the pin shaft would have been attached through a oval slot in the lower half. A clear longitudinal seam can be seen at the mid point of the head. The fragment measures 17.2mm length, 16.2mm wide, is 12.9mm thick and weighs 5.12 grams. The head of the pin is decorated with a repeating pattern present on both the upper and lower faces. Much of the detail has been lost through abrasion in the plough soil. The overall design of the head is formed from cast pellets within a raised annulet (a form of ring and dot decoration). These pellets and annulets are arranged around a slightly larger central pellet within an annulet. It is possible that the surface was tinned or silvered at one point but there is no evidence of this surface surviving. The pin head is a mid matt grey colour with an abraded patina which covers all surfaces. A direct parallel has not been discovered for this example. Similar spherical headed pins can be seen in Margesson’s Norwich Households Catalogue pages 10-11. These pin heads are often formed from silver which are gilt. They date to the late Tudor period.

HESH-950FA8: WEIGHT
Cast lead or lead alloy weight (possibly apothecaries’ weight) of probable later Medieval or Post Medieval date (1350 - 1700). The weight is sub-rectangular in plan and profile being formed from a clipped sheet of lead. Each of the sides is slightly flattened and tapers. The upper surface of the weight is decorated with four circular stamps. Each stamp is exactly the same as the others being a raised rose with a central pellet set above a border of pellets. It is possible that the weight is further decorated with small pellets or notches around the outer edge; these have been badly abraded by movement in the ploughsoil. The weight is a mid brown buff colour with a relatively even patina that covers all surfaces. A light active powdery corrosion product is present on some surfaces. A direct parallel for this weight has not been found. It is most likely to date from the later medieval or post medieval periods, due to the use of the rose motif which is very similar to the Tudor rose. The weight measures 16.3mm length, 17.8mm width, is 2.6mm thick / high and weighs 5.89 grams or 0.21ozs (91.6 grains).

HESH-94F871: WEIGHT
Cast lead or lead alloy weight (possibly apothecaries’ weight) of probable later Medieval or Post Medieval date (1350 - 1700). The weight is sub-rectangular in plan and profile being formed from a clipped sheet of lead. Each of the sides is slightly flattened and tapers. The upper surface of the weight is decorated with four circular stamps. Each stamp is exactly the same as the others being a raised rose with a central pellet set above a border of pellets. It is possible that the weight is further decorated with small pellets or notches around the outer edge; these have been badly abraded by movement in the ploughsoil. The weight is a mid grey colour with a relatively even but corroded patina that covers all surfaces. A light active powdery corrosion product is present on some surfaces. A direct parallel for this weight has not been found. It is most likely to date from the later medieval or post medieval periods, due to the use of the rose motif which is very similar to the Tudor rose. The weight measures 16.2mm length, 19.3mm width, is 2.4mm thick / high and weighs 5.23 grams or 0.18ozs (80.2 grains).

HESH-5F6B16: BELL
Fragment of cast lead alloy / pewter crotal or rumbler bell of probable post-medieval or early modern date (1600-1800). The fragment is irregular in plan with a curved shaped cross section. All the edges on the fragment have been broken but not abraded which suggests relatively modern damage probably by agricultural machinery. The outer surface of the fragment has cast design, which is partially preserved. On this fragment The design is likely to consist of radiating curvi-linear ribs extending from the mouth of the bell to the outer edge / seam. This design is relatively common on the mouths of crotal bells dated to the 17th and 18th centuries. The fragment is a mid grey colour with a good well developed patina. The fragment measures 25.4mm length, 22.2mm wide, 1.7mm thick and weighs 5.05 grams.

HESH-B8EBB2: TOKEN
Uni-faced cast lead-alloy (possibly pewter) token of probable late medieval / post-medieval date (1400 - 1650). The design is limited to one face and is formed from a series of curvi-linear cast ribs. These form a design centred around a crude (christian?) fish which is enclosed with a series of similar ribs. Diameter: 18.9mm, thickness 3mm. Weight 4.66 grams

HESH-D7C856: TOKEN
Uni-faced cast lead-alloy (possibly pewter) token of probable late medieval / post-medieval date (1400 - 1650). The design is limited to one face and is formed from a series of linear cast ribs. These form a central cross which divides the token evenly. The edges of the token are ragged and possibly clipped? Diameter: 18.7mm, thickness 2.8mm. Weight 4.17 grams

HESH-D79C02: TOKEN
Uni-faced cast lead-alloy token of probable late medieval / post-medieval date (1400 - 1650). The design is limited to one face and is formed from a series of linear cast ribs. The design can be interpreted in two ways, firstly as a crude house with pointed gables and secondly as the initials ID with a single line passing through the centre of the coin. Diameter: 17.5mm, thickness 2.2mm. Weight 4.1 grams

HESH-E88D47: PLAQUE
Cast lead bi-faced plaque of modern date (1857-1870). The plaque is one of a number which are known commonly as ‘Billy and Charley’s’ or the ‘Shadwell Forgeries.’ They were produced as a series of fake antiquities in direct response to the growth of the antiquities market in the Victorian period. This example is bi-faced. On one side is a radiate crowned bust facing right. The bust has an elaborate brooch formed from pellets, on either side of the figure are the letters CS. This image is contained within a circle. On the outer edge of the circle are a series of letters and numbers including the date; 1030. The opposite face has the bust of a knight with the helm raised, facing right. There is also a series of letters around the outside edge of the design. On the upper edge is a small cast lead loop. The condition of the piece is relatively poor and the metal has started to corrode and laminate. This has distorted the design and the lower edge of one face. This example measures 112.6mm length, 93.1mm width, is 3.3mm thick and weighs 150.53 grams. For more information on these artefacts see http://www.mernick.co.uk/B&C/index.htm

HESH-760485: AMPULLA
Incomplete cast lead or lead alloy pilgrims ampulla dating from the medieval period; late 13th - late 15th century (1250-1500). The pilgrims’ ampulla is broadly sub-rectangular in plan and profile. The lower part has a rounded convex base that tapers slightly to form a waste at the mid point. This then flares outwards towards the upper edge which has been damaged. Where the ampulla sides flare there are two slightly flattened loops one on either edge. Both these loops are irregular in shape. The ampulla has been flattened / crushed and all the faces are worn. The ampulla measures, 52.6mm in length (from the upper edge to the apex of the base), 33.6mm maximum width (across the base of the ampulla), and is 7.7mm thick (at the base). The ampulla weighs 41.15 grams. The front and rear face of the ampulla are decorated with cast motifs. These designs have been badly abraded and are indistinct. On one face, on the lower part of the ampulla, is a heart shaped (?) cross hatched design, above this there is an indistinct pattern which may be either a crown or possibly an M. The crown maybe that of a martyr or if it is an M it may be for Maria (Mary the Virgin Mother) possibly suggesting a shrine to the Holy Mother. Above this design on the neck of the flask is a distinct square shaped puncture, this only pierces this face of the ampulla. The reverse (other side) of the ampulla has a floral design. This consists of a central pellet around which four flower petals are arranged evenly; each petal is formed from a pointed oval hoop. The areas between the petals are decorated with raised diagonal cross hatching. A large casting ridge crosses through the centre of this design, extending from the mouth of the flask to the base. The ampulla is a mid grey white colour with an uneven patina that covers the majority of surfaces. This patina has been abraded in several areas revealing a mid grey metal beneath. There are several areas of damage present; the most significant of these is the feathering of the upper edge of the flask. These areas of damage are consistent with abrasion occurring in the plough zone of a field. Ampullae were used to contain holy water, as a souvenir of a pilgrimage; they date to the 13th to 15th centuries. It has been suggested that many of these are found unconnected with religious sites (specifically in East Anglia) and it is thought that they could have been used and discarded in a religious ceremony to bless the fields.

HESH-A82587: TOKEN
Incomplete, worn, uni-faced cast lead-alloy token of probable late medieval / post-medieval date (1400 - 1650). The design is limited to one face and is formed from a series of cast ribs. The design on this token consists of a crudely attempted R or possibly K. The top edge of the token is missing – hence uncertainty. Diameter: 13.5mm, thickness 3.4mm. Weight 3.02 grams

HESH-F5CAB3: BUTTON
Cast lead alloy button or possibly token or weight of probable late medieval or post medieval date (1400-1700). The artefact is sub-circular in plan, and semi-circular (D shaped) in cross-section with the remains of a central rectangular lug on the rear. The button measures 28.2mm in diameter, is 8.6mm thick and weighs 20.06 grams. The front face of the button is domed and is decorated by a series of raised cast linear lines and domed circular pellets. The button is divided into four panels by six linear ribs arranged in a cross (each arm of the cross is formed from three ribs). Within each divided quarter are three raised circular pellets joined together by more linear raised ribs to form an irregular triangle. The reverse of the button is undecorated. However, a vertical linear casting ridge is present. In the centre of the reverse of the button are the remains of two projections which would have formed the lug to attach the button to a clothing garment. The button is a mid grey colour with an even patina. The edges and reverse have been abraded. The design, decoration, and method of manufacture of the button is similar to a number of lead tokens of late medieval and post-medieval. Hence this example having a similar proposed date. Gordon Bailey has recently published a book on buttons and fasteners and this example is similar to his figure 6.1 which he dates to the medieval period pp16-17. With this artefact there is some question to function. The broken lugs on the reverse of the button are well worn and therefore indistinct. This might mean that they may be residual metal from the mould. If this is the case the artefact could be a uni-faced token or possibly a weight.

HESH-BCC822: SPINDLE WHORL
Cast lead or lead alloy spindle whorl of Roman to post medieval date (1 – 1650 AD). The spindle whorl is sub-circular in plan, its diameter measures 31mm and is 10.5mm thick. There is a circular cast hole through the whorl and this is set off centre. The diameter of the hole measures 11.3mm. The whorl weighs 48.41 grams. The upper side of the spindle whorl has been decorated with a series of cast high-relief lines. These form a pattern of X shaped marks and radiating diagonal lines. Some of this decoration is lost through abrasion and some has also been lost through poor quality casting. There are a number of areas of pitting where presumably the alloy has not taken the form of the mould. The reverse of the whorl is flat and undecorated. The spindle whorl is of a mid-light grey colour with an even patina which covers all surfaces. The whorl has been abraded and rolled in the plough soil. The edges of the whorl have also been damaged and this has resulted in it becoming irregular in plan. Spindle whorls are used for a long period of time and as such are very difficult to date precisely without other evidence (such as pottery).

HESH-A66DE4: BUCKLE
Cast lead alloy buckle of medieval date (1300 - 1500). The frame of the buckle is sub-rectangular in plan and oval in cross section. There is no recess for the pin. Attached to the rear of the buckle is an incomplete rectangular folded lead alloy sheet which acts as a belt plate. Through the rear of the plate is a single rivet hole. This would have been used to attach the leather strap to the buckle. There is some iron corrosion around this rivet hole which might suggest that the rivet was made of iron. The pin is missing. The buckle frame measures 21.5mm length, 19.8mm width and is 4.1mm thick. The plate measures 27.8mm, length, 13.7mm width, and is 2.7mm thick. The buckle frame and plate weighs 3.16 grams. The buckle frame is decorated by a series of rounded cast projections at each corner. The plate is decorated by a series of vertical cast bars situated near the junction of the frame with the plate. It also seems that the plate (and possibly) the frame of the buckle have been tinned or slivered. This applied surface only survives in small areas. The buckle and plate are of a mid - grey colour with an uneven and abraded patina that covers all surfaces. Similar examples to this buckle can be seen in Ross Whitehead's book 'Buckles 1250 - 1800', pages 26-27, ref: 130.

HESH-276571: SPINDLE WHORL
Fragment of a cast lead or lead alloy bi-convex spindle whorl of Roman to later Medieval date (1 – 1500 AD). The spindle whorl is oval (originally sub-circular) in plan, it measures 29.5mm length, 20.9mm width, and is 14.4mm thick. There is a circular cast hole through the whorl and this is set slightly off centre. The diameter of the hole measures 8.5mm. The whorl weighs 30.43 grams. Both sides of the spindle whorl have been decorated with a series of cast high-relief lines which radiate from the central hole. These lines produce a series of sub-triangular panels. Within each of these panels is a single raised pellet. Some of this decoration is lost through abrasion. The spindle whorl is of a mid-light grey colour with an even patina which covers all surfaces. The whorl has also been abraded and rolled in the plough soil so some of the original surface and decoration has been lost. Spindle whorls are used for a long period of time and as such are very difficult to date precisely without other evidence (such as pottery).

Fragment of a cast lead or lead alloy bi-convex spindle whorl of Roman to later Medieval date (1 – 1500 AD). The spindle whorl is oval (originally sub-circular) in plan, it measures 39.7mm length, 23.1mm width, and is 17.8mm thick. There is a circular cast hole through the whorl and this is set slightly off centre. The diameter of the hole measures 8.1mm. The whorl weighs 32.73 grams. Both sides of the spindle whorl have been decorated with a series of cast high-relief lines which radiate from the central hole. These lines produce a series of sub-triangular panels. Most of this decoration is lost through abrasion. The spindle whorl is of a mid-light grey colour with an even patina which covers all surfaces. The whorl has also been abraded and rolled in the plough soil so most of the original surface and decoration has been lost. Spindle whorls are used for a long period of time and as such are very difficult to date precisely without other evidence (such as pottery).

HESH-272EC3: SPINDLE WHORL
Cast lead or lead alloy bi-convex spindle whorl of Roman to later Medieval date (1 – 1500 AD). The spindle whorl is sub-circular in plan, its diameter measures 29.2mm and is 11.6mm thick. There is a circular cast hole through the whorl and this is set slightly off centre. The diameter of the hole measures 10mm. The whorl weighs 33.09 grams. Both sides of the spindle whorl have been decorated with a series of cast high-relief lines which radiate from the central hole. These lines produce a series of sub-triangular panels. Within each of these panels are two raised pellets. Some of this decoration is lost through abrasion. The spindle whorl is of a mid-light grey cream colour with an even patina which covers all surfaces. The whorl has also been abraded and rolled in the plough soil so some of the original surface and decoration has been lost. Spindle whorls are used for a long period of time and as such are very difficult to date precisely without other evidence (such as pottery).

Cast lead or lead alloy bi-convex spindle whorl of Roman to later Medieval date (1 – 1500 AD). The spindle whorl is sub-circular in plan, its diameter measures 30.6mm and is 15mm thick. There is a circular cast hole through the whorl and this is set slightly off centre. The diameter of the hole measures 10.5mm. The whorl weighs 46.56 grams. Both sides of the spindle whorl have been decorated with a series of cast high-relief lines which are set at a number of angles. These lines produce a series of sub-triangular tessellating panels. Within most of these panels are single raised pellets. Much of this pattern is lost through abrasion. The spindle whorl is of a mid-light grey colour with a patchy patina which covers most of the surfaces. The whorl has also been abraded and rolled in the plough soil so much of the original surface and decoration has been lost. There are also patches of new active light-grey / white flaking corrosion present in some areas. One side of the whorl has a large area of iron (orange) staining: this maybe a result of the burial conditions. Spindle whorls are used for a long period of time and as such are very difficult to date precisely without other evidence (such as pottery).

HESH-147D45: CLOTH SEAL
An incomplete cast lead or lead alloy two part cloth seal of probable post medieval date (1600-1700 AD). The surviving part of the cloth seal consists of the rear disc, linking strip and central rivet. The cloth seal is sub-oval in plan and irregular in cross section. It measures 17.5mm length, 18.8mm width and is 2.6mm thick. It weighs 3.3 grams. Both faces (rear of disc and the flattened rivet) of the cloth seal are marked or decorated. The decoration on the reverse of the rear disc consists of two cast curvilinear lines of pellets. The decoration on the rivet (and front face) consists of a shield (with a horizontal top) divided into four quarters. The initials I and I (or H or M) are in the upper two quarters and the date 16 [??] in the lower two. The cloth seal is a mid white colour with an even unabraded patina that covers all surfaces. Cloth seals were used to mark cloth from the 14th – 18th centuries. The inscription on this one suggests a 17th century date.

HESH-8DC410: BUTTON
Cast lead alloy button of probable late medieval or post medieval date (1400-1700). The button is sub-circular in plan, and semi-circular (D shaped) in section with a central rectangular lug on the rear. The front face of the button measures 27.2mm in diameter and is 7.2mm thick. The rear lug measures 15.5mm in length and 11.5mm width, it projects 7.4mm. The button weighs 27.14 grams. The front face of the button is domed and is decorated by a series of raised cast linear and circular lines. The button is divided into eight equal panels by four linear ribs (formed by two over lapping crosses one vertical the other diagonal). This is further sub-divided by two raised concentric circles. The overall design is of a spider-web. The reverse of the button is undecorated. However, a vertical linear casting ridge is present. In the centre of the reverse of the button is a raised lug. This has a small cast circular hole (diameter of 3.3mm) through its centre. The lug seems to be unfinished as there is a large quantity of lead waste around its edges. The button is a mid grey colour with an even patina. The edges and reverse have been abraded. The design, decoration, and method of manufacture of the button is similar to a number of lead tokens of late medieval and post-medieval. Hence this example having a similar proposed date.

HESH-0A8E63: CANNON BALL
Cannon ball of probable post medieval date (1500 - 1700). The cannon ball is sub-spherical with a diameter of 49.5mm. It weighs 664 grams (1lb 7¼ ozs). It is made of either lead or lead alloy which has been presumably cast; although no casting flanges are present. The surface of the cannon ball has a number of dents and scrapes. These may have been formed through use, however they seem to be regular and the cannon ball may have been trimmed. However, this trimming might have been a result of recycling. The ball is of a mid grey white colour with small areas of slight flaking and active corrosion. There is also some evidence of mineralisation build up on some areas; specifically a large amount of iron staining. This could come either form the natural (wet) depositional environment or from iron artefacts whose corrosion (rust) has discoloured the cannon ball in the ground. Found with the cannon ball were a number of well cast tokens (HESH-E5ECA0, HESH-E61942, HESH-E639B8, HESH-E651C8, HESH-E65DF2, HESH-E67611) and an open stone mould for making them (HESH-E487F2). Also found with these were a number of lead waste and poorly cast tokens (HESH-0A0041). This group could be interpreted as a metalworkers or token makers assemblage with both used (and recycled) tokens as well as a large amount of recycled or scrap lead. Similar tokens are often found and are dated to the post-medieval period (1500 - 1700)

HESH-0A0041: METAL WORKING DEBRIS
This group consists of four pieces of cast and miscast lead alloy found in association with a group of lead tokens and an open stone mould. These are likely to date from the post medieval period (1500-1700 AD). 1) Badly cast or miscast sub-circular token: The token measures 25mm in length, 23.5mm in width, it is 3.6mm thick, and weighs 9.02 grams. The front face is decorated with a raised cast cross, which divides the token unevenly. The surface of this face is very uneven with a number of ridges in the metal. The rear of the token is undecorated. It also has a number of ridges and is very uneven. The sides of the token are also slightly feathery where they have not been fully cast. 2) Badly cast or miscast sub-circular token: The token measures 28.5mm in length, 27.2mm in width, it is 2.4mm thick, and weighs 9.49 grams. The front face is decorated with a series of raised cast lines, which divide the token unevenly. These lines may represent either a wheel or spiderweb. The surface of this face is very uneven with a number of ridges in the metal as well as a number of holes created from gasses in the molten metal. The rear of the token is undecorated. It also has a number of ridges and is very uneven with large amounts of pitting and similar gas holes. The sides of the token are also slightly feathery where they have not been fully cast. 3) Badly cast or miscast sub-circular disc: The disc measures 22.9mm in length, 22.3mm in width, it is 4.7mm thick, and weighs 11.09 grams. The front face is flat and undecorated. The rear of the token is also undecorated but has a large dome of metal which extends from the edges. The sides of the token are also slightly feathery where they have not been fully cast. 4) A piece of lead metalworking debris: This item has been formed by pouring the molten metal onto a flat surface forming an un-uniform shape. It measures 24.9mm in length, 22.6mm in width, it is 4.8mm thick, and weighs 9.78 grams. One surface is flat with a number of small gas holes pitting the surface. The other surface is heavily ridged. Found with the lead waste and poorly cast tokens were a number of well cast tokens (HESH-E5ECA0, HESH-E61942, HESH-E639B8, HESH-E651C8, HESH-E65DF2, HESH-E67611) and an open stone mould for making them (HESH-E487F2). Also found with these items was a large lead cannon ball (HESH-0A8EC3). This group could be interpreted as a metalworkers or token makers assemblage with both used (and recycled) tokens as well as a large amount of recycled or scrap lead. Similar tokens are often found and are dated to the post-medieval period (1500 - 1700 AD).

HESH-E67611: TOKEN
A number of lead tokens (HESH-E5ECA0, HESH-E61942, HESH-E639B8, HESH-E651C8, HESH-E65DF2, HESH-E67611) were found with an open stone mould for making tokens (HESH-E487F2). Also found with these items was some lead waste (HESH-0A0041)and a large lead cannon ball (HESH-0A8EC3). This group could be interpreted as a metalworkers or token makers assemblage with both used (and recycled) tokens as well as a large amount of lead awaiting to be melted down. Similar tokens are often found and are dated to the post-medieval periods (1500 - 1700 AD).

HESH-E65DF2: TOKEN
A number of lead tokens (HESH-E5ECA0, HESH-E61942, HESH-E639B8, HESH-E651C8, HESH-E65DF2, HESH-E67611) were found with an open stone mould for making tokens (HESH-E487F2). Also found with these items was some lead waste (HESH-0A0041)and a large lead cannon ball (HESH-0A8EC3). This group could be interpreted as a metalworkers or token makers assemblage with both used (and recycled) tokens as well as a large amount of lead awaiting to be melted down. Similar tokens are often found and are dated to the post-medieval periods (1500 - 1700 AD).

HESH-E651C8: TOKEN
A number of lead tokens (HESH-E5ECA0, HESH-E61942, HESH-E639B8, HESH-E651C8, HESH-E65DF2, HESH-E67611) were found with an open stone mould for making tokens (HESH-E487F2). Also found with these items was some lead waste (HESH-0A0041)and a large lead cannon ball (HESH-0A8EC3). This group could be interpreted as a metalworkers or token makers assemblage with both used (and recycled) tokens as well as a large amount of lead awaiting to be melted down. Similar tokens are often found and are dated to the post-medieval periods (1500 - 1700 AD).

HESH-E639B8: TOKEN

HESH-E61942: TOKEN

HESH-E5ECA0: TOKEN
It is likely that this token came from the open stone mould described in record HESH-E487F2. A number of these were found with the mould (HESH-E5ECA0, HESH-E61942, HESH-E639B8, HESH-E651C8, HESH-E65DF2, HESH-E67611). Also found with these items was some lead waste (HESH-0A0041)and a large lead cannon ball (HESH-0A8EC3). This group could be interpreted as a metalworkers or token makers assemblage with both used (and recycled) tokens as well as a large amount of lead awaiting to be melted down. Similar tokens are often found and are dated to the post-medieval periods (1500 - 1700 AD).

HESH-E09153: SPINDLE WHORL
Cast lead alloy bi-convex spindle whorl of Roman to later Medieval date (1 – 1500 AD). The spindle whorl is sub-circular in plan, its diameter measures 25.7mm and is 16.5mm thick. There is a circular cast hole through the whorl and this tapers and is set slightly off centre. The diameter of the hole measures 9.1mm. The whorl weighs 45.63 grams. Both sides of the spindle whorl have been decorated with a series of cast high-relief lines which are set at a number of angles. These lines produce a series of sub-triangular tessellating panels. Much of this pattern is lost through abrasion. The spindle whorl is of a mid-light grey colour with a patchy patina which covers most of the surfaces. The whorl has also been abraded and rolled in the plough soil so much of the original surface and decoration has been lost. There are also patches of new active light-grey / white flaking corrosion present in some areas.

NMGW-716F17: WHISTLE
Cast lead-alloy whistle in the shape of a pipe bowl, probably late 19th century in date. The pipe bowl is similar to clay pipe examples and is decorated with moulded decoration consisting of joined semicircles and small raised knops. The base of the bowl ends in a pointed spike. Casting flashes are prominent on both sides. Iron corrosion is evident on the rim, suggesting an iron collar. The beginning of the stem is intact, and it is unclear if the stem was also made of a lead alloy, ceramic or other material. See NARC-6E7E81 for a similar example. Further information on this artefact type can be found in the Society for Clay Pipe Research Newsletter 76, page 43 'Metal Pipes and Toy Whistles' (2009).