2024-03-29T08:39:11+00:00https://finds.org.uk/database/search/results/format/jsonhttps://finds.org.uk/database/search/results/format/xmlhttps://finds.org.uk/database/search/results/format/rsshttps://finds.org.uk/database/search/results/format/atomhttps://finds.org.uk/database/search/results/format/kmlhttps://finds.org.uk/database/search/results/format/geojsonhttps://finds.org.uk/database/search/results/format/qrcodehttps://finds.org.uk/database/search/results40120Essex1CountyKnapped/flakedBRONZE AGE1Metal detectorESS1EF776.jpg19687From finder1196751BA7.1DistrictCertain4ESS19701-1500South Woodham Ferrersx137124.7Chelmsford108372018-07-23T16:07:17ZReturned to finderEasternCirca
Possible debitage flake with evidence of some edge flaking. Likely early Bronze Age in date, c. 2500 - 1500 BC.
The ventral face is uneven and mottled, though the right edge does show evidence of retouch in a parallel scaled fashion at the section nearest the butt. The retouch seems to continue along the right side for the length of the flak, though is not as clearly defined toward the tip.
The dorsal face shows evidence of removals toward the butt and along the right side of the arris. These are not as regular as the small retouch on the ventral face.
It is likely that the small flake was utilised opportunistically after removal from a larger core. There seems to be little predetermination as to its shape in terms of the fashion of removals.
Dimensions: weight: 4.7g, length: 36.4mm, width: 15.7mm, thickness: 7.1mm
Sophie Flynn36.4100.59903549ESS-1EFC8E911410Flake1BRONZE AGELITHIC IMPLEMENTTQ8095finds-9114101115.710ESS-1EF776Complete-2500x13712images/slflynn/21021155PAS5B51EF7700163E42018-07-20T15:19:35ZProbablyx1371241351.62502542BRONZE AGEFlint41425BA1Circa13http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/BRONZE AGECertainCivil Parish2022-07-14T07:14:48.33ZEssex1CountyKnapped/flakedBRONZE AGE1Metal detectorESS1F247F.jpg19687From finder1196751BA11.4DistrictCertain4ESS19701-1500South Woodham Ferrersx1371220.2Chelmsford108372018-07-26T11:09:37ZReturned to finderEasternCirca
Primary flake which has been utilised as a scraper or other lithic hand-held tool. The flake's dorsal surface is covered almost entirely by cortex, suggesting it was struck as a primary flake without any prior removals on the dorsal surface. It is likely that the flake was utilised opportunistically, as there is little in terms of retouch.
Where retouch is seen, primarily on the mid right edge when viewed from the dorsal face, it takes the form of parallel removals forming a steep 'backed' edge. This was likely done to blunt this portion of the edge. The retouch continues, though to a less invasive extent, down the right edge toward the butt portion.
There is also less regular more scaled retouch along the mid right edge when viewed from the ventral face.
There is a prominent bulb of percussion on the ventral face. Suggested date is Bronze Age c. 2500 - 1500 BC
Dimensions: weight: 20.2g, height: 46.3mm, width: 41.3mm, thickness: 11.4mm
Sophie Flynn46.3100.59903549ESS-1F283A911421Flake1BRONZE AGELITHIC IMPLEMENTTQ8095finds-9114211141.310ESS-1F247FComplete-2500x13712images/slflynn/21021727PAS5B51F247001FD142018-07-20T15:31:35ZProbablyx1371241351.62502542BRONZE AGEFlint41425BA1Circa13http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/BRONZE AGECertainCivil Parish2022-07-14T07:14:48.335ZEssex1CountyKnapped/flakedBRONZE AGE1Metal detectorESS1F6B9C.jpg19687From finder1195081BA10.8DistrictCertain4ESS19569-1500East Merseax1371210.1Colchester108372018-07-23T16:18:46ZReturned to finderEasternCirca
Partially worked flake of grey flint, likely dating to the late Neolithic/early Bronze Age, c. 3000 - 1500 BC.
There is retouch along the upper left edge when viewed from the ventral face which is scaled and thins the flake edge slightly. The right edge of the ventral face also shows evidence of retouch, along the bottom edge forming a shallow crescent. The upper right edge of the ventral face is straight and diagonal. When viewed from the dorsal face this edge is backed almost all along its length, with only a small portion in the middle showing no evidence of retouch.
The retouch along the straight edge on the dorsal face is steep and takes the form of small parallel removals.
There are also removals along the right edge of the dorsal face, with small scale retouch centred on a protrusions which is an extension of the striking platform. There are also some more invasive removals toward the distal end of the flake on the dorsal face.
Dimensions: weight: 10.1g, length: 38.9mm, width: 39.4mm, thickness: 10.8mm
Sophie Flynn38.910-0.49348373ESS-1F70AD911436Flake1BRONZE AGELITHIC IMPLEMENTTQ0614finds-9114361139.410ESS-1F6B9CComplete-3000x13712images/slflynn/21021159PAS5B51F6B9001CE542018-07-20T15:50:33ZProbablyx1371241350.91573914BRONZE AGEFlint41425BA1Circa13http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/BRONZE AGECertainCivil Parish2022-07-14T07:14:48.341ZEssex1CountyCastBRONZE AGE1Metal detectorESS79D304.jpg196872017From finder1201311BA4.6DistrictCertain4ESS20033Elmdonx1371210.2Uttlesford106272018-10-01T11:38:03ZReturned to finderEasternCirca
Cast-copper alloy item of unknown function. On first inspection the artefact appears to be a blade tip, as it is sub-rectangular in shape and tapers in thickness to a point.
However, when looking at the item in section, there appear to be sub-spherical cavities inside the item which suggest it was mounted or attached to another object.
Based on the surface patina and the composition of the copper-alloy, a suggested date within the Bronze Age is given.
Dimensions
Length (mm)
Width (mm)
Thickness (mm)
Weight (g)
16.1
14.7
1.7
1.3
Sophie Flynn24.970.1259369ESS-1F8D788684771BRONZE AGEUNIDENTIFIED OBJECTTL4637finds-8684771116.510ESS-79D304Completex13712images/slflynn/11029232PAS59D79D300014B642017-10-06T16:11:44ZCertainx1371212017-03-11T00:00:00Z1352.01222973BRONZE AGECopper alloy41425BA1Circa13http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/BRONZE AGECertainCivil Parish2022-07-14T07:14:20.816ZCastBRONZE AGE1Metal detector512017T990BA
Conclusion: As a find of more than two pieces of copper alloy, this case qualifies as Treasure under the stipulations of the Treasure Act (1996) (Designation Order 2002).
Certain4ESSx13712106272021-11-12T12:57:46ZAcquired by museum after being declared TreasureCirca
Socketed tools
1.Socketed axe fragment. Copper alloy, blade end fragment. Socket filled with soil, undecorated. Dark green patina, one corrosion welt on cutting edge. Faint horizontal and vertical striations on body. Indented near socket end (likely heated and broken up).
Length: 54mm. Breadth: 37mm. Socket length: 27mm. Socket breadth: 15mm. Weight: 84.0g.
2. Socketed hammer fragment. Copper alloy, dark green patina, corrosion welts on contact surface. Casting seam well-trimmed. Socket filled with soil. 4mm indent/notch on body. Undecorated. Two faces on contact surface, one substantially larger than the other and worn down into a V-shape through use.
L: 40mm. B: 27mm. SL: 18mm. SB: 16mm. W: 98.8g.
3. Socketed axe fragment. Copper alloy, dark green patina. Large casting seam/internal flash (check for similar in Turner). Soil adhering to surface. Damaged loop present. Undecorated.
L: 35mm. B: 21mm. D: 3mm. W: 23.3g.
Copper alloy ingots
4. Complete bun ingot. Copper alloy, green patina, heavy corrosion. Plano-convex shape. 3mm diameter gas hole on one side. Red/copper colour visible on flat side (possibly mineral inclusion).
Diameter: 116mm. Depth: 32mm. Weight: 1453.7g.
5. Complete bun ingot. Copper alloy, green patina, heavy corrosion. Plano-convex shape. Void present possibly relating to melting of finished objects into a molten state. Oval shaped.
L: 106mm. B: 95mm. D: 23mm. W: 804.1g.
6. Bun ingot fragment. Copper alloy, green patina, heavy corrosion, soil adhering to surface. Plano-convex shape. Edge fragment, one-fifth of original ingot. Three depressions in flat surface (8mm, 6mm and 4mm).
L: 96mm. B: 132mm. D: 40mm. W: 1146g.
7. Bun ingot fragment. Copper alloy, green patina, heavy corrosion, soil adhering to surface. Plano-convex shape. Edge fragment.
L: 101mm. B: 68mm. D: 42mm. W: 811.8g.
8. Bun ingot fragment. Copper alloy, green patina, heavy corrosion, soil adhering to surface. Plano-convex shape. Edge fragment.
L: 70mm. B: 53mm. D: 25mm. W: 252.1g.
9. Bun ingot fragment. Copper alloy, green patina, heavy corrosion, soil adhering to surface. Plano-convex shape. Edge fragment. Corrosion welts.
L: 92mm. B: 57mm. D: 25mm. W: 460.5g.
10. Bun ingot fragment. Copper alloy, green patina, heavy corrosion, soil adhering to surface. Plano-convex shape. Edge fragment. Corrosion welts. Voids possibly relating to melting of finished objects into a molten state.
L: 84mm. B: 48mm. D: 20mm. W: 230g.
11. Bun ingot fragment. Copper alloy, green patina, heavy corrosion, soil adhering to surface. Plano-convex shape. Edge fragment. Oval void on flat face (18mm length), circular voids on curved face (6mm diameter).
L: 79mm. B: 52mm. D: 27mm. W: 502.5g.
12. Bun ingot fragment. Copper alloy, green patina, heavy corrosion, soil adhering to surface. Plano-convex shape. Edge fragment. Copper colour visible beneath patina.
L: 71mm. B: 66mm. D: 28mm. W: 432.5g.
13. Bun ingot fragment. Copper alloy, green patina, heavy corrosion, soil adhering to surface. Plano-convex shape. Edge fragment. Corrosion welts.
L: 82mm. B: 50mm. D: 32mm. W: 513.5g.
14. Bun ingot fragment. Copper alloy, green patina, heavy corrosion, soil adhering to surface. Plano-convex shape. Edge fragment. Corrosion welts. Voids present possibly relating to the melting of finished objects into the molten metal.
L: 78mm. B: 47mm. D: 25mm. W: 194.9g.
15. Bun ingot fragment. Copper alloy, green patina, heavy corrosion, soil adhering to surface. Plano-convex shape. Edge fragment.
L: 58mm. B: 31mm. D: 32mm. W: 197.5g.
16. Bun ingot fragment. Copper alloy, green patina, heavy corrosion, soil adhering to surface. Plano-convex shape. Centre fragment.
L: 49mm. B: 45mm. D: 25mm. W: 217.3g.
17. Bun ingot fragment. Copper alloy, green patina, heavy corrosion, soil adhering to surface. Plano-convex shape. Centre fragment.
L: 54mm. B: 31mm. D: 26mm. W: 208.4g.
18. Bun ingot fragment. Copper alloy, green patina, heavy corrosion, soil adhering to surface. Plano-convex shape. Edge fragment. Circular voids. White inclusion (chalk?)
L: 69mm. B: 32mm. D: 16mm. W: 132.7g.
19. Bun ingot fragment. Copper alloy, green patina, heavy corrosion, soil adhering to surface. Plano-convex shape. Edge fragment.
L: 40mm. B: 24mm. D: 18mm. W: 66.1g.
20. Ingot fragment. Copper alloy, green patina, soil adhering to surface, heavy corrosion.
L: 74mm. B: 42mm. D: 15mm. W: 214.2g.
21. Ingot fragment. Copper alloy, green patina, soil adhering to surface, heavy corrosion.
L: 40mm. B: 36mm. D: 25mm. W: 133.2g.
22. Ingot fragment. Copper alloy, green patina, soil adhering to surface, heavy corrosion.
L: 46mm. B: 31mm. D: 23mm. W: 119.0g.
23. Ingot fragment. Copper alloy, green patina, soil adhering to surface, heavy corrosion. Possible voids.
L: 40mm. B: 38mm. D: 23mm. W: 198.7g.
24. Ingot fragment. Copper alloy, green patina, soil adhering to surface, heavy corrosion. Triangular possible void.
L: 51mm. B: 36mm. D: 22mm. W: 192.5g.
25. Ingot fragment. Copper alloy, green patina, soil adhering to surface, heavy corrosion. Circular voids.
L: 56mm. B: 37mm. D: 25mm. W: 134g.
26. Ingot fragment. Copper alloy, green patina, soil adhering to surface, heavy corrosion.
L: 33mm. B: 30mm. D: 23mm. W: 138.6g.
27. Ingot fragment. Copper alloy, green patina, soil adhering to surface, heavy corrosion. Possible void
L: 57mm. B: 42mm. D: 24mm. W: 275.3g.
Discussion: This hoard of three socketed tools, two complete bun ingots and 22 fragments of bun ingot is consistent with a Late Bronze Age date, especially with the Ewart Park phase (c.1000 – 800 BC) (cf. Needham 1990). Perhaps the most notable feature of the hoard is the relative paucity of socketed tools compare to ingot (fragments and complete). Complete (or near complete) bun ingots formed part of the Bexley Heath hoard, Essex (Turner 2010, 126-39, no. 15). Other relevant comparanda include the hoard from ‘Burnham on Crouch’, Essex, which contained socketed tools, weapons and fragments of copper alloy ingot (Treasure case 2010 T509), and the hoard from ‘East Colchester’, Essex, which contained socketed tools, complete and fragmentary ingot fragments (Treasure case 2004 T116).
Bibliography
Needham, S.P. 1990, The Petters Late Bronze Age Metalwork. An Analytical study of Thames Valley metalworking in its settlement context, London: British Museum Occasional Paper 70
Turner, L. 2010, A Re-Interpretation of the Later Bronze Age Metalwork Hoards of Essex and Kent (2 vols.), Oxford: BAR British Series 507
Authors
Katie Sawyer, University of Durham
Neil Wilkin, Curator, The British Museum
Lisa Pitt-Jones178719801BRONZE AGEHOARDfinds-87198011ESS-1E4FB6Completex13712images/slflynn/1PAS59F1E4FB0015E742017-10-26T14:36:59ZCertainx13712113BRONZE AGECopper alloyBA27Circa13BRONZE AGEColchester + Ipswich MuseumsCertain2022-07-14T07:14:22.717ZLateCastBRONZE AGE1MiddleMetal detectorESSDB51A6.jpg201711BA7.5Certain4ESS-800x1371212106272021-06-06T15:42:12ZReturned to finder3Circa
Cast copper-alloy Bronze Age socketed spear head fragment. Broken along the vertical plane through the centre of the socket and blade, the remaining spear fragment is compose of one half of the likely original artefact.
Dating from the Middle to Late Bronze Age c. 1500 - 800 BC.
The blade and socket is roughly triangular in profile and tapers in thickness from socketed central portion to the thin blade edge. The shape of the item in plan also tapers slightly from a narrow pointed end, which would reflect the blade tip, to a wider portion on the opposite edge.
For a similar (complete) artefact, see WREX-E64E9C.
Dimensions: weight: 12.0g, length: 59.3mm, width: 11.8mm, thickness: 7.5mm
Sally Worrell59.3728751911BRONZE AGESPEARHEADfinds-8751911111.8ESS-DB51A6Complete-1500x13712images/slflynn/1637753PAS5A0DB51A00162032017-11-16T15:56:10ZCertainx1371212017-07-14T23:00:00Z13BRONZE AGECopper alloyBA1Circa13http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/BRONZE AGECertain2022-07-14T07:14:24.563ZEssex1CountyCastBRONZE AGE1Metal detectorESSBB59D5.jpg19687From finder1197961BA9.8DistrictCertain4ESS19795-801White Notleyx137129.5Braintree106272018-07-19T14:24:16ZReturned to finderEasternCirca
Copper-alloy cast chisel of probable Bronze Age date (c. 2350 - 801BC).
The item is composed of a waisted portion with a curved end comprising the chisel edge, and a tapering square sectioned length emerging from the opposite side.
The joint between the emergent square sectioned length and the chisel 'body' is the thickest part of the item.
Dimensions: weight: 9.5g, length: 41.9mm, width: 12.2mm, thickness: 9.8mm
Sophie Flynn41.970.59641978ESS-BC12489072671BRONZE AGECHISELTL7918finds-9072671112.210ESS-BB59D5Complete-2350x13712images/slflynn/11020753PAS5B2BB59D00159442018-06-21T15:26:37ZCertainx1371211351.83192819BRONZE AGECopper alloy41425BA1Circa13http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/BRONZE AGECertainCivil Parish2022-07-14T07:14:25.449ZKnapped/flakedBRONZE AGE1Metal detectorESS633fbe.jpg11BA22.6Certain4ESS-800x1371266108372018-01-15T12:03:30ZReturned to finderCirca
Lithic flake implement of probable Bronze Age date c. 2500 - 800BC.
The implement is composed of dark grey flint with mottled light grey inclusions.
The flake is irregularly shaped and was knapped from a larger core or nodule. Despite the long edge being thin and sharp, there is limited evidence of retouch along the edge which would suggest refinement of the working edge.
The flake was likely knapped via hard hammer technique as the curving fracture scar on the ventral face suggests that it was removed with significant force and perhaps with limited precision.
There is evidence of some small parallel steep sided or oblique flake removals along a portion of the blade edge on the dorsal face. This gives the appearance of a 'backed' portion of the blade edge. The retouch continues along the edge, though is composed of smaller removals, to what appears to be the edge of the platform. This worked section shows a pointed protrusion which was defined through the knapping process along the 'blade' edge of the ventral face. Opposite this, on the dorsal face, the site of the protrusion shows one long and thin flake removal which could have been used to produce a thinner, sharper point.
There is some iron staining along the arris of the dorsal face and also along the platform edge.
It is not known precisely what function this tool would have performed, though the sharp blade edge is suggestive of cutting, whilst the worked protrusion could relate to boring or scoring proceedures.
Dimensions: weight: 66.0g, length: 72.9mm, width: 51.5mm, thickness: 22.6mm
Sophie Flynn72.910882532flake2BRONZE AGELITHIC IMPLEMENTfinds-8825321151.5ESS-633FBEComplete-2500x13712images/slflynn/1644150PAS5A5633FB001E9142018-01-10T15:40:43ZCertainx13712413BRONZE AGEFlintBA1Circa13http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/BRONZE AGEProbably2022-07-14T07:14:29.152ZEssex100CountyCastBRONZE AGE1Metal detectorESS4A5641.jpg19687From finder1200151BA8.6DistrictCertain1ESS19968-800Matchingx137128.43Epping Forest106272020-03-23T17:39:25ZReturned to finderEasternCirca
Fragment of a cast Bronze Age spear tip, likely dating from c. 1500 - 800 BC. Both the terminal tip and the base are now missing, though some of the mid-portion remains. The fragment is circular in section at the centre, with flanges extending to either side to form the flattened edges of the spear. The centre of the spear appears to be hollow, but is now filled with material that has been heavily compacted. The circular section gives the fragment a distinctive raised mid-rib.
The surface patina is dark green and abraded in places.
Dimensions: weight: 8.43g, length: 25.9mm, width: 20.7, thickness: 8.6mm
Sally Worrell25.970.15796238ESS-4A58BD960344socketed1BRONZE AGESPEARHEADTL4910finds-9603441120.76ESS-4A5641Fragment-1500x13712images/slflynn/11063207PAS5D14A56400114842019-06-27T12:15:48ZCertainx1371211351.7688531BRONZE AGECopper alloy41425BA1Circa13http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/BRONZE AGECertainCivil Parish2022-07-14T07:15:23.369ZLateEssex1CountyCastBRONZE AGE1LateMetal detectorESS17E797.jpg196872018From finder11BADistrictCertain4ESS19795-800x13712307Braintree106272022-04-12T16:45:21ZReturned to finder3EasternCirca
Complete copper-alloy Late Bronze Age (c. 950-800 BC) socketed axehead. The axe is sub rectangular in plan and has a flared crescent shaped cutting blade edge. The sides are triangular in shape. The socket is sub-square in section.
The axe is 101.2mm in length. The blade is 44.4mm wide. The internal wall of the axe is approx 6.4mm thick. The external width of the socket is 40.7mm, whilst the internal width is 30.6mm. The width of the axe inclusing the loop is 40.6mm. The weight is 307.0g
The socket features a moulded bevelled collar which is immediately above a similar moulded band of lower relief. It is from this band that the top of the loop emerges. The loop has an external diameter of 22.7mm and in internal diameter of 10.6mm. It extends approx. 11.7mm from the side of the axe.
Both triangular shaped sides of the axe have the remains of a prominent casting seam still visible. The sub-rectangular faces of the axe are plan and undecorated. The axe widens towards the curving blade edge.
The axe is a dark green colour and the surface patina is relatively intact; being smooth with some abrasion, particular on the blade edge.
The diagnostic feature of this axe are prominent collar above a rib and plain decoration on the axe's body. This is characteristic of South-Eastern type socketed axeheads first defined by Butler (1963: 82-3). O’Connor (1980: 161) and Schmidt and Burgess (1981: 212, 216-7) date these to Ewart Park phase (950-800 cal BC following Roberts et al 2013)
Edward Caswell101.2730.55649143ESS-17EE2E964996south eastern1BRONZE AGESOCKETED AXEHEADTL7625finds-9649961140.610ESS-17E797Complete-950x13712images/slflynn/11067151PAS5D417E790016FB42019-07-31T12:41:45ZCertainx1371212018-07-28T23:00:00Z1351.89575441BRONZE AGECopper alloy41425BA1Circa13http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/BRONZE AGECertain2022-07-14T07:15:25.794ZEssex1CountyCastBRONZE AGE1Metal detectorESS975247.jpg19687From finder1194891BA10.3DistrictCertain4ESS1950119Restricted Accessx1371210.13Maldon106272020-02-03T13:46:33ZReturned to finderEasternCirca
Bronze age copper alloy bead, bi-conical in cross section with a central circular hole.
The surface patina is generally smooth and light brown in colour, with some patches of wear
Similar in form to SUSS-0C04D4, SUSS-3278C4 and BH-3A6E57.
Dimensions
weight: 10.13g
diameter: 19mm
thickness: 10.3mm
Sophie Flynn7South Woodham FerrersESS-97592C9002061BRONZE AGEBEADRestricted Accessfinds-9002061110ESS-975247Completex13712images/slflynn/11011779PAS5AE9752400173C42018-05-02T09:21:56ZCertainx13712113BRONZE AGECopper alloy41425BA1Circa13http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/BRONZE AGECertainCivil Parish2022-07-14T07:14:39.812ZMiddleEssex10CountyCastBRONZE AGE1MiddleMetal detectorESS17C46C.jpg19687From finder1195861BA18DistrictCertain1ESS19547-1000Elmsteadx13712177.73Tendring106272018-06-07T13:34:07ZReturned to finder2EasternCirca
Fragmentary copper-alloy palstave axe dating from the Middle Bronze Age c. 1500 - 1000 BC.
The axe retains part of the blade and stop-ridge. The blade is lentoid in section and sub-rectangular in shape, flaring outwards nearer the blade edge. The blade edge is now missing.
The stop-ridge is rectangular in shape, though the depression in one face is deeper than the other. The butt portion of the axe is also missing.
The thickest portion of the item is the junction between blade and stop-ridge where flanges rise to meet at the centre.
The surface is very worn and the axe appears to be heavily damaged. The patina is a dark green and dark brown mottled colour, with iron staining on the blade portion.
Dimensions: weight: 177.73g, length: 99mm, width: 38mm, thickness: 18mm
Sophie Flynn99720.97739227ESS-9263AB9007871BRONZE AGEPALSTAVETM0525finds-90078711388ESS-17C46CFragment-1500x13712images/slflynn/11012456PAS5AF17C46001C4E42018-05-08T11:30:30ZCertainx1371211351.88585181BRONZE AGECopper alloy41425BA1Circa13http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/BRONZE AGECertainCivil Parish2022-07-14T07:14:40.547ZLateCastBRONZE AGE1MiddleMetal detectorESS1A7A76.jpgFair11BA
A date of middle to late Bronze Age was decided by the cross sectional shape to similar items.
9.4Certain1ESS-800x137127.1106262020-03-26T14:23:08ZReturned to finder3Circa
A fragment of a Bronze Age spear head dating to 1500BC to 800BC. Only the tip of the spear head remains and is sub-triangular in plan and profile. The edges have sustained damage and the break appears not to be recent.
The item is triangular in shape. The mid portion of the spear is cylindrical in section, and there are two triangular sectioned flanges that protrude at each side to prodice the sharp blade edges. The spear tapers to a point, and the breakage is at the opposite end. The surface patina is a light brown with patches of green, and the inside (seen through the breakage) is a light orange/brown.
Dimensions: weight: 7.1g, length: 28.7mm, width: 15.9mm, thickness: 9.4mm
Sally Worrell28.75329009181BRONZE AGESPEARHEADfinds-9009181115.9ESS-1A7A76Fragment-1500x13712images/slflynn/11013405PAS5AF1A7A700169642018-05-08T14:35:35ZCertainx137121131BRONZE AGECopperBA1Circa13http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/BRONZE AGECertain2022-07-14T07:14:40.656ZEssex1CountyCastBRONZE AGE1Metal detectorESSD41BDF.jpg19687From finder1200041BA6.1DistrictCertain1ESS20033-800Great Dunmowx1371217.6Uttlesford106272019-11-14T12:18:39ZReturned to finderEasternCirca
Fragment of a Bronze Age copper-alloy socketed axe, probably dating to the late Bronze Age, c. 1100-800 BC.
The fragment is partially rounded on one edge and features a collar at the socketed edge. There are ribs visible on the surface. The inside of the fragment is plain. The patina is mostly red/brown with areas that have worn away to reveal green colouring. The red/brown colouring attests to the likely inclusion of a significant amount of iron in the alloy.
The fragment has a weight of 17.6g, a length of 33.2mm, a width of 30.3mm and a maximum thickness of 6.1mm.
Sophie Flynn33.270.3209317ESS-D4225B9803891BRONZE AGESOCKETED AXEHEADTL6018finds-9803891130.310ESS-D41BDFFragment-1100x13712images/slflynn/11081093PAS5DCD41BD001F7F42019-11-14T11:59:57ZCertainx1371211351.8376893BRONZE AGECopper alloy41425BA1Circa13http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/BRONZE AGECertainCivil Parish2022-07-14T07:15:38.519ZEssex100CountyCastBRONZE AGE1Metal detectorESS825B65.jpg196872018From finder1199921BA10DistrictCertain4ESS2003318.4Barnstonx1371213.24Uttlesford106272020-05-11T16:48:10ZReturned to finderEasternCirca
Cast copper-alloy bead of Bronze Age date. The bead is bi-conical in shape with a circular hole slightly off-centre. This circular hole is 6.0mm in diameter. The patina is smooth and dark brown in colour with some small areas of surface wear.
Similar in form to ESS-975247
Dimensions
weight: 13.24g, diameter: 18.4mm, thickness: 10.0mm
Sophie Flynn70.37941049ESS-8261619913481BRONZE AGEBEADTL6419finds-991348116ESS-825B65Completex13712images/slflynn/11103383PAS5E3825B60014EF42020-02-03T13:52:54ZCertainx1371212018-08-31T23:00:00Z1351.8455132BRONZE AGECopper alloy41425BA1Circa13http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/BRONZE AGECertainCivil Parish2022-07-14T07:15:45.765ZEssex100CountyCastBRONZE AGE1Metal detector2017T427.jpg19687From finder723200041106272017T427BA
Conclusion: As the item is prehistoric in date and contains gold it is considered treasure under the Treasure Act 1996 - Subject to Coroner's Inquest
3.79DistrictCertain4ESS2003313.68-800Restricted Accessx137121.56Uttlesford108922017-12-06T11:32:55ZSubmitted for consideration as TreasureEasternCirca
Description: Gold or gold plated copper alloy, Penannular Ring dating from the Late Bronze Age (c.1150-750 BC). Circular in shape and cross-section with a narrow gap between the terminals which are flat ended. Surface comprising of a bright gold colour with bands of lighter (silver-rich) gold.
The ring is likely to have a copper-alloy core as its weight does not suggest it is solid gold. There are also small scratches on the surface of the ring and some cracks on both the flat terminal ends which look to cover a darker metal this could be copper-alloy.
Dimensions: Weight: 1.56g, Diameter: 13.68mm, Thickness: 3.79mm.
Discussion: The Penannular ring belongs to a class of artefact which has been termed 'hair-rings' and 'ring-money' (Taylor 1980; Green 1988; Egan 1994; 1997; Varndell 2001; Hobbs 2003; Meeks et al 2008; O'Connor et al 2008). Their function remains uncertain, although it is likely that they were personal adornments, possibly worn on the ears or nose, rather than being hair-ornaments or items of exchange' (Mark Lodwick and Mary Davis in record NMGW-04216C; references therein). Similar examples to this object are found: DUR-EC189D, HAMP-F7B741, YORYM-0DD2F7.
Report by: Charley Morgan Finds volunteer
Neil Wilkin123Great DunmowESS-96E1B88460551BRONZE AGEPENANNULAR RINGRestricted Accessfinds-846055116ESS-046731Complete-1000x13712images/slflynn/2636103PAS591046730010A332017-05-08T11:20:35ZProbablyx13712113BRONZE AGEGold41425BA1Circa13http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/BRONZE AGECertainCopper alloyCivil Parish2022-07-14T07:14:07.931ZSuffolk100CountyCastBRONZE AGE1Metal detectorESS56EE7A.jpg15934Centred on field1152911BA
Other examples of similar items on the database include: YORYM-8CDEB3, WILT-232C22
6.1DistrictCertain4ESS15692-1150Restricted Accessx137128.14Babergh106272017-05-30T10:39:21ZReturned to finderEasternCirca
The item is possibly a copper-alloy Bronze Age (c. 1500 - 1150BC) small chisel or awl. The blade is square in cross section and tapers to a flat edge. One side of the blade tapers slightly more, making the edge on one side thinner and forming a slight concavity on this side.
At the widest end of the blade there is an integral stop ridge which is semi-circular in plan and is partially broken. It would have been fully circular originally. It emerges perpendicular to the blade and tang, and is about 1.6mm thick. The blade protrudes from the centre of the face of this stop ridge on one face, and the tang protrudes directly opposite from the centre of the stop ridge on the other face.
The tang is square in cross-section and like the blade, tapers in thickness. The tang, however, ends in a blunt edge, and there is possibly some of the tang end missing.
The object is almost identical to another recorded on the database (WAW-EF4C84) which is dated to the Middle Bronze Age. Though this example is significantly smaller, and also shows evidence of potential gilding and/or decoration on one face of the tang. It is possible that this was caused by insertion into or contact with another item which was decorated in this way, though it is not certain. If it is a chisel or awl, it was almost certainly used for small-scale metal-working.
Dimensions: weight: 8.14g, length: 65.6mm, length of blade: 38.8mm, length of tang: 25.8mm, thickness of blade: 6.1mm, thickness of tang: 5.8mm, diameter of stop ridge: 13.7mm
Sophie Flynn65.67HolbrookESS-5706D28490742BRONZE AGECHISELRestricted Accessfinds-8490741113.76ESS-56EE7AComplete-1500x13712images/slflynn/1616800PAS59256EE7001ACD42017-05-24T12:30:47ZCertainx13712113BRONZE AGECopper alloy41425BA1Circa13http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/BRONZE AGEProbablyCivil Parish2022-07-14T07:14:09.964ZEssex1CountyCastBRONZE AGE1Metal detector19687From finderPoor231968212017T258BA
In terms of age, number, and its status as part of a previously recorded hoard find, it qualifies as Treasure under the stipulations of the Treasure Act 1996.
DistrictCertain1ESS19501Restricted Accessx1371210.79Maldon106272021-06-24T10:35:58ZSubmitted for consideration as TreasureEasternCirca
Two more fragments from a Bronze Age metal working hoard, found at the same site as the previously recorded ‘Great Canney Rapier Hoard’. These two finds amount to an addendum to this hoard (ESS-5DF6D2, 2016 T591).
One fragment is lozenge shaped in cross section and is largely similar in shape and section to artefact number 12 in the original PAS record (ESS-5DF6D2). One end of this fragment is hollow, showing a circular depression. There is also some water damage present on much of the surface.
Weight: 8.95g, length: 20.92mm, width: 13.62mm
The other fragment is a thin ‘flake’ of surface metal. The patina on one side is mostly blue. On the other it is green with iron inclusions
Weight: 1.85g, length: 18.86mm, width: 13.32mm
Discussion: Fragment 1 could be part of the same artefact as fragment 12 from the previously recorded hoard (ESS-5DF6D2).
Ian Richardson17Great CanneyESS-E447178367351BRONZE AGEHOARDRestricted Accessfinds-8367351110ESS-A684CAFragmentx13712images/slflynn/1PAS58CA684C001AD542017-03-16T10:26:20ZCertainx137121133BRONZE AGECopper alloy41425BA2Circa13BRONZE AGECertainCivil Parish2022-07-14T07:14:00.257ZLateEssex1CountyCast14.9BRONZE AGE2LateMetal detectorESSBD9843.jpg196872019From finder1201171BADistrictProbably1ESS20033-800Arkesdenx1371210.8Uttlesford106272021-02-03T15:42:49ZReturned to finder3EasternCirca
Very worn fragment of a copper-alloy socketed axehead dating to the Late Bronze Age period, that is c. 1000-800BC.
The remaining fragment of the axehead takes the form of a slightly curved sub rectangular piece of the looped section of a socketed axe. The loop is still present and is integrally cast.
Dimensions: weight: 10.8g, length: 27.0mm, width: 16.3mm, height: 14.9mm
Dot Boughton27730.15462487ESS-BD9C5D10165731BRONZE AGESOCKETED AXEHEADTL4836finds-10165731116.310ESS-BD9843Fragment-1000x13712images/slflynn/11122949PAS5FBBD98400137532020-11-23T15:47:16ZCertainx1371212019-10-03T23:00:00Z1352.00271617BRONZE AGECopper alloy41425BA1Circa13http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/BRONZE AGECertainCivil Parish2022-07-14T07:16:01.107ZEssex100CountyKnapped/flakedBRONZE AGE1FieldwalkingESS35909C.jpg196871195081BA9.1DistrictCertain4ESS19569-801East Merseax1371214.5Colchester108372019-04-11T12:07:55ZReturned to finderEasternCirca
A possible flint scraper tool. The object is of light grey flint and sub-triangular in shape with a rounded point. There appears to be some flaking at the round point or the dorsal face, which may not be natural, and may therefore suggest that the object is a lithic artifact.
It is likely that the flake on which the tool was produced was a secondary, due to the occurrence of a small portion of cortex on the proximal end. There are no distinctive ripples or a bulb of percussion present on the ventral face of the flake, though there are at least two small removals at the very tip of the object on this face. It is not known if these are natural.
Suggested date: Bronze Age
Dimensions: weight: 14.5g, length: 54.3mm, width: 28.3mm, thickness: 9.1mm
Sophie Flynn54.3100.98535794ESS-359AB39331143BRONZE AGELITHIC IMPLEMENTTM0614finds-9331141328.36ESS-35909CComplete-2350x13712images/slflynn/11053184PAS5C335909001D3E42019-01-07T13:50:01ZCertainx1371241351.78671775BRONZE AGEFlint41425BA1Circa13http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/BRONZE AGEPossiblyCivil Parish2022-07-14T07:15:01.818Z