Record ID: ESS-79D304
Object type: UNIDENTIFIED OBJECT
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
Cast-copper alloy item of unknown function. On first inspection the artefact appears to be a blade tip, as it is sub-rectangular in shape and tapers in thickness to a point. However, when looking at the item in section, there appear to be sub-spherical cavities inside the item which suggest it was mounted or attached to another object. Based on the surface patina and the composition of the copper-alloy, a suggested date within the Bronze Age is given. Dimensions Length (mm) Width (mm) Thickness (mm) Weight (g) …
Created on: Friday 6th October 2017
Last updated: Monday 1st October 2018
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-D1D1E9
Object type: TORC
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Published
Description: Single fragment of a gold, four-flange, twisted bar torc comprising one terminal and a length of twisted metal which represents probably less than half of the original hoop. The surviving terminal is round in cross section and is between 3mm and 5mm in diameter. The end of the terminal displays a slight double depression which is likely to have been caused during the manufacturing process. The terminal tapers slightly before it joins the twisted hoop. Four longitudinal cuts have been made into the bar to create an X-shaped cross-section and the bar has then been twisted. T…
Created on: Tuesday 26th November 2019
Last updated: Tuesday 18th July 2023
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Near Mistley', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: ESS-DB51A6
Object type: SPEARHEAD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
Workflow stage: Published
Cast copper-alloy Bronze Age socketed spear head fragment. Broken along the vertical plane through the centre of the socket and blade, the remaining spear fragment is compose of one half of the likely original artefact. Dating from the Middle to Late Bronze Age c. 1500 - 800 BC. The blade and socket is roughly triangular in profile and tapers in thickness from socketed central portion to the thin blade edge. The shape of the item in plan also tapers slightly from a narrow pointed end, which would reflect the blade tip, to a wider portion on the opposite edge. For a simi…
Created on: Thursday 16th November 2017
Last updated: Sunday 6th June 2021
No spatial data available.

Record ID: ESS-4A5641
Object type: SPEARHEAD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
Fragment of a cast Bronze Age spear tip, likely dating from c. 1500 - 800 BC. Both the terminal tip and the base are now missing, though some of the mid-portion remains. The fragment is circular in section at the centre, with flanges extending to either side to form the flattened edges of the spear. The centre of the spear appears to be hollow, but is now filled with material that has been heavily compacted. The circular section gives the fragment a distinctive raised mid-rib. The surface patina is dark green and abraded in places. Dimensions: weight: 8.43g, length: 25.9mm, …
Created on: Thursday 27th June 2019
Last updated: Monday 23rd March 2020
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-1A7A76
Object type: SPEARHEAD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
A fragment of a Bronze Age spear head dating to 1500BC to 800BC. Only the tip of the spear head remains and is sub-triangular in plan and profile. The edges have sustained damage and the break appears not to be recent. The item is triangular in shape. The mid portion of the spear is cylindrical in section, and there are two triangular sectioned flanges that protrude at each side to prodice the sharp blade edges. The spear tapers to a point, and the breakage is at the opposite end. The surface patina is a light brown with patches of green, and the inside (seen through the breakage…
Created on: Tuesday 8th May 2018
Last updated: Thursday 26th March 2020
No spatial data available.

Record ID: ESS-17E797
Object type: SOCKETED AXEHEAD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
Complete copper-alloy Late Bronze Age (c. 950-800 BC) socketed axehead. The axe is sub rectangular in plan and has a flared crescent shaped cutting blade edge. The sides are triangular in shape. The socket is sub-square in section. The axe is 101.2mm in length. The blade is 44.4mm wide. The internal wall of the axe is approx 6.4mm thick. The external width of the socket is 40.7mm, whilst the internal width is 30.6mm. The width of the axe inclusing the loop is 40.6mm. The weight is 307.0g The socket features a moulded bevelled collar which is immediately above a similar mould…
Created on: Wednesday 31st July 2019
Last updated: Tuesday 12th April 2022
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-D41BDF
Object type: SOCKETED AXEHEAD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
Fragment of a Bronze Age copper-alloy socketed axe, probably dating to the late Bronze Age, c. 1100-800 BC. The fragment is partially rounded on one edge and features a collar at the socketed edge. There are ribs visible on the surface. The inside of the fragment is plain. The patina is mostly red/brown with areas that have worn away to reveal green colouring. The red/brown colouring attests to the likely inclusion of a significant amount of iron in the alloy. The fragment has a weight of 17.6g, a length of 33.2mm, a width of 30.3mm and a maximum thickness of 6.1mm.
Created on: Thursday 14th November 2019
Last updated: Thursday 14th November 2019
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-BD9843
Object type: SOCKETED AXEHEAD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Published
Very worn fragment of a copper-alloy socketed axehead dating to the Late Bronze Age period, that is c. 1000-800BC. The remaining fragment of the axehead takes the form of a slightly curved sub rectangular piece of the looped section of a socketed axe. The loop is still present and is integrally cast. Dimensions: weight: 10.8g, length: 27.0mm, width: 16.3mm, height: 14.9mm
Created on: Monday 23rd November 2020
Last updated: Wednesday 3rd February 2021
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-A81B50
Object type: SOCKETED AXEHEAD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
Fragment of a copper alloy socketed axe likely dating to the late Bronze age, c. 1000 - 800 BC. The fragment is 'C' shaped in cross section and represents a 'corner' piece of the socket from a Bronze Age axe head. There is a moulded ridge on the lip of the socket, as well as another moulded transverse ridge next to this. A casting seem is still visible on the top of the object, both on the outer and inner surfaces. The item has a rough surface and a dark green/grey patina. Due to the fragmentary nature of the find, it is not possible to designate a 'type' to this axe. Dimensi…
Created on: Tuesday 28th March 2017
Last updated: Tuesday 18th July 2017
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Mayland', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: ESS-28290D
Object type: SOCKETED AXEHEAD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
The blade tip of a bronze age axe blade. The item is broken and only the end or tip of the blade remains. It is made from cast copper alloy. The axe tip is sub-rectangular in shape, with the top and bottom edges of the axe widening slightly to form a sloghtly curved blade tip. The blade tip does not flare out and then back in on itself into the top and bottom edges, suggesting that the blade was a realtively plain and flat design. As none of body of the axe reamains, it is not possible to further identify in which way the item may have been hafted or secured. Dimensions: weight: 51.8…
Created on: Wednesday 22nd March 2017
Last updated: Monday 5th December 2022
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Roxwell', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: ESS-5F9D4A
Object type: SCABBARD
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
Copper-alloy 'bag-shaped' scabbard chape, dating to the Late Bronze Age, c. 1000-800BC.  The chape is rounded on the lower edge and flared slightly in thickness.The interior is hollow and upper edge of the front face is damaged. The thickness of the walls is approx. 1.5mm. Both the front and back edges are broken, so that only the lower portion of the chape remains.  The slightly longer back face has two drilled holes present (likely to attachment to a belt), each with an approximate diameter of 2.1mm. The patina is mostly worn, with some patches of smoother c…
Created on: Thursday 2nd April 2020
Last updated: Friday 2nd December 2022
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-9DB6CE
Object type: RIBBON
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Published
Description:  A fragment possibly from a gold Middle Bronze Age composite penannular ring, dating to c.1300-1100 cal BC. The warped fold plate made of three strands of gold wire, stacked on top of each other and fused together to produce a ribbed effect.  The wires are a D-shape, in cross-section, the flat surface being the inner surface of the ring where the fusing of these two pieces can be clearly seen. These wires end in smooth rounded terminals but at each end which may indicate this represents the original circular form now bent out of shape. In profile the ring is an i…
Created on: Wednesday 16th December 2020
Last updated: Thursday 2nd March 2023
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Leaden Roding', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: ESS-DB8E6E
Object type: RIBBON
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Published
Description: A Bronze Age (c.BC2150-1150) gold ribbon ornament in the form of a thin, parallel-sided strip with tightly rolled ends.  The strip is decorated with four rather irregular grooves which create a corrugated effect.  The object has been bent out of shape. Dimensions; Length: 26mm; width: 11mm; thickness: 1mm; weight: 2.07g. Discussion: It is difficult to identify this as a particular object type, beyond its belonging to a broad range of ribbon, or strip, ornaments of Bronze Age date. A number of parallels have been recorded on the PAS database, including …
Created on: Tuesday 14th January 2020
Last updated: Friday 5th January 2024
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'High Easter', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: ESS-046731
Object type: PENANNULAR RING
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Published
Description: Gold or gold plated copper alloy, Penannular Ring dating from the Late Bronze Age (c.1150-750 BC). Circular in shape and cross-section with a narrow gap between the terminals which are flat ended. Surface comprising of a bright gold colour with bands of lighter (silver-rich) gold. The ring is likely to have a copper-alloy core as its weight does not suggest it is solid gold. There are also small scratches on the surface of the ring and some cracks on both the flat terminal ends which look to cover a darker metal this could be copper-alloy. Dimensions: Weight: 1.56g,…
Created on: Monday 8th May 2017
Last updated: Wednesday 6th December 2017
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Great Dunmow', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: ESS-EDCA69
Object type: PENANNULAR RING
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Published
A Late Bronze Age gold-plated copper alloy penannular ring dating from 1300-800BC. The ring is oval in shape and the terminals are flat ended. The ring is cracked and chipped in several places where the inner copper alloy core has corroded underneath, and the terminals have become joined by corroded metal. Dimensions: Diameter: 15.3mm, thickness: 4.1mm, weight: 3.48g Discussion: A gold-plated lock ring of a similar style on the database (LANCUM-C2543F) that is Bronze Age in date was submitted for consideration as treasure (Treasure case tracking number: 2017T810) and includes t…
Created on: Tuesday 22nd October 2019
Last updated: Friday 14th April 2023
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-1BFC58
Object type: PENANNULAR RING
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Published
A probable Middle to Late Bronze Age (c. 1400-800 BC) gold penannular ring of uncertain function. Description: The ring is made of wire with a circular cross-section that tapers at the terminals to form rounded points. It is thickest and widest section at its centre and is curled into the shape of a ring. One end is bent outwardly, misshaping the ring, but the length is sufficient for the terminals to overlap if brought together.     Dimensions:  Length: 75.3mm; width at widest point: 3.4; thickness at widest point:  3.6; Weight: 6.77g Discussion: …
Created on: Thursday 25th October 2018
Last updated: Friday 10th November 2023
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Little Bromley', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: ESS-17C46C
Object type: PALSTAVE
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
Fragmentary copper-alloy palstave axe dating from the Middle Bronze Age c. 1500 - 1000 BC. The axe retains part of the blade and stop-ridge. The blade is lentoid in section and sub-rectangular in shape, flaring outwards nearer the blade edge. The blade edge is now missing. The stop-ridge is rectangular in shape, though the depression in one face is deeper than the other. The butt portion of the axe is also missing. The thickest portion of the item is the junction between blade and stop-ridge where flanges rise to meet at the centre. The surface is very worn and the axe app…
Created on: Tuesday 8th May 2018
Last updated: Thursday 7th June 2018
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-A769EC
Object type: PALSTAVE
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
Fragment of a copper alloy axe of middle to late Bronze age date (c. 1500 to 1150 BC). The item is rectangular in shape. The butt and the flanged sides remain, whilst the majority of the axe blade is missing. The flanged sides of the axe fragment are parallel to the stop, and the upper and lower faces are concave, forming an 'H' shaped cross section. The item has a rough surface, and a reddish-brown patina all over. It was treated with renaissance wax. Due to the fragmentary nature of the axe, it is not possible to assign a type. Dimensions: weight: 106.61g, length: 70.…
Created on: Tuesday 28th March 2017
Last updated: Tuesday 12th October 2021
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Brentwood', grid reference and parish protected.

Record ID: ESS-1EF776
Object type: LITHIC IMPLEMENT
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
Possible debitage flake with evidence of some edge flaking. Likely early Bronze Age in date, c. 2500 - 1500 BC. The ventral face is uneven and mottled, though the right edge does show evidence of retouch in a parallel scaled fashion at the section nearest the butt. The retouch seems to continue along the right side for the length of the flak, though is not as clearly defined toward the tip. The dorsal face shows evidence of removals toward the butt and along the right side of the arris. These are not as regular as the small retouch on the ventral face. It is likely that …
Created on: Friday 20th July 2018
Last updated: Monday 23rd July 2018
Spatial data recorded.

Record ID: ESS-1F247F
Object type: LITHIC IMPLEMENT
Broad period: BRONZE AGE
County: Essex
Workflow stage: Awaiting validation
Primary flake which has been utilised as a scraper or other lithic hand-held tool. The flake's dorsal surface is covered almost entirely by cortex, suggesting it was struck as a primary flake without any prior removals on the dorsal surface. It is likely that the flake was utilised opportunistically, as there is little in terms of retouch. Where retouch is seen, primarily on the mid right edge when viewed from the dorsal face, it takes the form of parallel removals forming a steep 'backed' edge. This was likely done to blunt this portion of the edge. The retouch continues, though t…
Created on: Friday 20th July 2018
Last updated: Thursday 26th July 2018
Spatial data recorded.