HOARD

The 185 objects represented in this hoard include a wide variety of artefact types. There are 57 socketed axe fragments, of which four are complete or almost complete. The axes are of the South-Eastern type and most show signs of having been deliberately broken for inclusion in the hoard as scrap metal. In addition, there is one socketed chisel fragment, one palstave fragment, four end-winged axe fragments, two socketed hammers, three socketed gouges, 11 knife fragments with socketed, tanged and shouldered and Hog-backed examples represented, three sickle fragments, 17 Ewart Park sword fragments, one Gundlingen sword fragment, ten Carp's Tongue sword fragments, 16 spearheads, one fragment of a socketed tool of indeterminate form, four bracelet fragments, four rings, two cap ends, one strap fitting, three probable vessel fragments, six fragments from objects of unidentified form, one axe mould, three casting jets and 37 ingot fragments. The large numbers of broken tools, ingots of raw material and metalworking equipment may be interpreted as scrap and suggest that this is a founder's hoard.

Many of the artefacts show heavy wear, signs of use and deliberate breakage and it is likely that they were collected with other surplus bronze to form a metal resource for recycling. The metal objects are in a stable condition. Some objects bear corrosion products on variable dark to mid-green patinas and the varied condition of the different surfaces of the same object has been noted in a number of cases.

With the exception of three artefacts that were found dispersed from the main group within the ploughsoil, the Crundale bronzes were found together as a group. They date to the Ewart Park stage of the Late Bronze Age and suggest a date of deposition towards the end of the period, around 1000-800 BC. The hoarding of metalwork at this period was not an uncommon phenomenon, particularly in the south-east of Britain, although the size of the hoard and the variety of artefact types represented is an unusual feature.

Description:
1. Socketed axe, South Eastern class A1. Incomplete. The blade is missing.

Length: 67.5 mm; width mouth: 37.47 mm; breadth mouth: 33.7 mm; width break: 28.65 mm; breadth break: 16.2 mm; breadth loop: 8.77 mm; weight: 151.1g.

2. Socketed axe, South Eastern. Incomplete small axe. The mouth and most of the loop handle are missing. The cutting edge is straight and there is no sign of reworking. Vertical striations down the length of one face. At the break, the walls are of uneven thickness; on one side the walls are very thin and a casting fault may explain the incompleteness of the axe and that there is no sign of wear on the blade edge. The edges at the break are rounded which is also suggestive of a fault during manufacture.

Length: 73.06 mm; width mouth: 28.22 mm; breadth. mouth: 24.76 mm; weight: 110.7g.

3. Socketed axe, South Eastern class A1. Incomplete. There is a piece missing from half of the mouth and the upper part of one of the faces. Expanded blade edge. The broad loop is irregular due to the misalignment of the mould.

Length: 88.37 mm; width mouth: 43.4 mm; breadth loop: 12 mm; width blade: 45.9 mm; weight: 126.9g.

4. Socketed axe, South Eastern. Incomplete. Well defined triple mouth moulding. Both faces have broad
wing mouldings. The break is straight and at this point the wall varies in thickness from 1.5-8.1 mm. The blade is missing.

Length: 74.7 mm; width mouth: 35.5 mm; breadth mouth: 39 mm; width at break: 27.5 mm;
breadth loop: 6.77-8.6 mm; weight: 107.7g.

5. Socketed axe, South Eastern. Part of one face, side and loop. Poorly defined triple mouth moulding. Part of one faint wing moulding joins the lower mouth moulding and would have formed an hour-glass moulding. Vestiges of one casting jet stump. Prominent ridge down the centre of the internal face.

Length: 39.45 mm; breadth loop: 6.5-8.9 mm; weight: 20.8g.

6. Socketed axe, South Eastern. Part of one face and side. Poorly defined double mouth moulding. Part of one wing moulding, which joins the lower mouth moulding and would have formed an hour-glass moulding. Vestiges of one casting jet stump.

Length: 48.25 mm; weight: 16.05g.

7. Socketed axe, South Eastern. Part of one face and side. Triple mouth moulding. Part of one well-defined wing moulding, which joins the lower mouth moulding and would have formed an hour-glass moulding. Vestiges of one casting jet stump.

Length: 36 mm; weight: 12g.

8. Socketed axe. Part of one face and side and the loop. Double mouth moulding. Ring and pellet moulding with pellet enclosed by circular moulding below the lower mouth moulding.

Length: 38.68 mm; breadth loop: 5.9-8.05 mm; weight: 20.45g.

9. Socketed axe, South Eastern class A2. Circular pellet below lower mouth moulding on one face only. Cutting edge expands slightly, and horizontal striations from resharpening the edge. The blade tips are missing from both ends. The cutting edge is intact. Vestige of two casting jet stumps.

Length: 109.7 mm; width mouth: 34.75 mm; breadth mouth: 37.6 mm; weight: 150.75g.
10. Socketed axe, South Eastern class B2. Double mouth moulding, with five short, vertical ribs on each face, although on one face the ribs are very poorly defined. The blade is expanded, and one tip and half of the cutting edge is missing revealing a socket extension which may have originally held lead. Shallow blade tip hollows. The walls are very thin at the break on the lower blade (1.46-2.36 mm). Vestige of two casting jet stumps.

Length: 88.3 mm; width mouth: 33.42 mm; breadth mouth: 31.08 mm; width blade: 41.4 mm; breadth loop: 7.7-8.46 mm; weight: 93.65g.
11. Socketed axe, South Eastern. Part of mouth, one face and side. Double mouth moulding. Vestige of one casting jet stump.

Length: 32 mm; weight: 10.9g.
12. Socketed axe, South Eastern. Part of mouth, one face and side. Double mouth moulding. Loop intact. Vestige of one casting jet stump.

Length: 57.2 mm; breadth loop: 6.4-10 mm; weight: 27.75g.
13. Socketed axe, South Eastern. Part of mouth, one face and side. Double mouth moulding, with poorly
defined lower moulding. Flattened after breakage, dented and cracked.

Length: 41.67 mm; weight: 28.15g.

14. Socketed axe, South Eastern. Part of mouth, one face and side. Double mouth moulding. Loop intact.

Length: 36.04 mm; breadth loop: 8.7 mm; weight: 16.05g.

15. Socketed axe, South Eastern. Part of mouth, one face and side. Double mouth moulding; the upper moulding of which is very broad.

Length: 44.78 mm; weight: 11.8g.

16. Socketed axe, South Eastern. Part of mouth, one face and side. Double mouth moulding. Flattened post breakage.

Length: 35.5 mm; weight: 10.35g.

17. Socketed axe, South Eastern. Part of mouth, one face and side. Double mouth moulding.

Length: 29.96 mm; weight: 7.05g.

18. Socketed axe, South Eastern. Part of mouth, two faces and a side. Double mouth moulding. The thickness of the walls of the two faces are very uneven, ranging from 2.65-6.50 mm at the opposing sides of the break.

Length: 40.3 mm; weight: 25.35g.

19. Socketed axe, South Eastern. Mouth fragment. One body angle retained. Double mouth moulding. Loop intact.

Length: 37 mm; breadth loop: 8.4 mm; weight: 14g.

20. Socketed axe, probably South Eastern. Mouth fragment. One body angle retained. Triple mouth
moulding. Complete loop.

Length: 34.58 mm; width loop: 9.15 mm; weight: 13.2g.

21. Socketed axe, probably South Eastern. Mouth fragment. Double mouth moulding. One body angle
retained. Traces of one casting jet stump.

Length: 24.24 mm; weight: 10.55g.

22. Socketed axe, probably South Eastern. Mouth fragment. Double mouth moulding. ?Miscast.

Length:14.55 mm; weight: 7.35g.

23. Socketed axe. Mid-body fragment. All body angles are retained. Both faces are dented.

Length: 47.38 mm; width: 36.4-37.8 mm; weight: 59.3g.

24. Socketed axe. Mid-body fragment. All body angles are retained. The sides are narrow and both faces have been compressed at the centre. The break on the lower body is straight.

Length: 34.4 mm; width: 32.05 mm; weight: 34.1g.

25. Socketed axe. Mid-body fragment. All body angles are retained. The lower break is straight and occurs at the base of the socket.

Length: 34.7 mm; width: 29.2-31.31 mm; weight: 41.8g.

26. Socketed axe. Mid-body fragment. Three body angles retained. Narrow face. Uneven wall thickness.

Length: 24.65 mm; width: 29.15-29.40 mm; weight: 24.2g.

27. Socketed axe. Mid-body and blade fragment. Trace of lower part of loop. Socket extension, which may originally have been lead filled, to just above the cutting edge. Very expanded blade but no trace of blade tip hollows. Most of the blade edge is missing.

Length: 62.5 mm; blade width: 49.7 mm; length from loop to blade: 54.9 mm; breadth: 20.6 mm; weight: 75.1g.

28. Faceted axe, South Eastern class D. Mid-body and blade fragment. Rectangular socket. The upper part of one face is dented at the break. Expanded cutting edge, but no blade tip hollows. Intact blade edge. Casting flash very well removed.

Length: 56.35 mm; width cutting edge: 47.45 mm; breadth: 15.35 mm; weight: 49.55g.

29. Socketed axe, Southern English ribbed. Double mouth moulding, although the lower moulding is
minimal. Deep trumpet moulding. Four ribs which extend from the lower moulding to the lower body. Theloop is broad (13.26 mm in width). Expanded blade, much of the cutting edge is intact, but burred in places, as is one of the tips.

Length: 107.05 mm; width mouth: 45.7 mm; width cutting edge: 57.5 mm; breadth at mouth: 45.25 mm; breadth loop: 13.35 mm; weight: 196.65g.

30. Socketed axe. Body and loop fragment. One body angle retained.

Length: 38.3 mm; weight: 11.5g.

31. Socketed axe. Body fragment. One body angle retained, but heavily flattened.

Length: 28.2 mm; weight: 5.9g.

32. Socketed axe. Body fragment. One body angle retained. Casting flashes not removed.

Length: 22.68 mm; weight: 8.4g. 33. Socketed axe. Body fragment. One body angle retained. Flattened at one end.

Length: 39 mm; weight: 9.6g.

34. Socketed axe. Body fragment. One body angle retained.

Length: 31.65 mm; weight: 8.4g.

35. Socketed axe. Lower body fragment. Two body angles retained. Base of socket. Straight break below the socket.

Length: 28.21 mm; breadth: 14.65 mm; weight: 18.05g.

36. Socketed axe. Lower body fragment. Two body angles retained.

Length: 34.41 mm; breadth: 14.4821.62 mm; weight: 10.85g.

37. Socketed axe. Body fragment. Two body anglesretained, although badly distorted by hammering.
Hammer marks visible on the face.

Length: 27.54 mm; weight: 12.45g.

38. Socketed axe. Body fragment, with a vertical rib on the internal face.

Dimensions: 23.5 × 18.8 mm; weight: 5.9g.

39a-c. Socketed axe. Cutting edge fragment. Blade edge intact. Well-finished, with casting flashes completely removed. Fine horizontal scratch marks close to the cutting edge. Two body fragments (39b-c), 3.5 mm thick, probably of socketed axes have been placed within the socket and both faces have been squashed at the break to secure the fragments.

Length: 69.5 mm; width cutting edge: 41.57 mm; breadth at break: 16.25 mm; weight: 108.05g.

40. Socketed axe. Cutting edge fragment. Narrow unfinished axe. The cutting edge is unsharpened and the casting flashes have not been removed. Blade tip missing on one side. Casting dimples and hammer
marks on surfaces. The faces have not been hammered and polished, although the casting flashes have been removed.

Length: 68.8 mm; width cutting edge: 24.8 mm; breadth at break: 15.15 mm; weight: 55.65g.

41. Socketed axe. Cutting edge fragment. Large piece missing from one blade tip. Approximately half of the cutting edge remains and is burred.

Length: 73.7 mm; breadth at break: 16.65 mm; weight: 61.5g.

42. Socketed axe. Cutting edge fragment. Blade edge intact. All surfaces have casting dimples.

Length: 57.2 mm; width cutting edge: 37.7 mm; breadth at break: 16.8 mm; length from base of socket to cutting edge: 37.2 mm; weight: 80g.

43. Socketed axe. Missing the loop and mouth. The break is reasonably even. The blade edge is unsharpened.

Length: 56.37 mm; width blade edge: 35.4 mm; thickness of walls at break: 1.85-4.3 mm; weight: 85.3g.

44. Socketed axe. Missing the loop and mouth. Uneven break. Expanded blade edge which is damaged with small chips and burring.

Length: 64.2 mm; width blade edge: 45.6 mm; weight: 121.9g.

45. Socketed axe. Missing the mouth, loop and upper body (as 43-44). Even break. One face is dented at the break. The blade edge expands out unevenly and has not been sharpened. Faint scratches on the lower blade.

Length: 58.23 mm; width at break: 28.38 mm; breadth at break: 19.25 mm; width blade edge: 42.86 mm; weight: 117.8g.

46. Socketed axe. Missing the loop, mouth and upper body. Reasonably straight break. At the break, the wall thickness varies from 2.73-5 mm. The socket is irregular. Heavily expanded blade edge, with much of the edge missing.

Length: 64.7 mm; width blade edge: 48.2 mm; weight: 132.7g.

47. Socketed axe. Missing the loop, mouth and upper body. Even break. Each face is squashed inwards at the centre. At the break the thickness of the walls of each face is narrow (1.6-2.8 mm). One end of the blade is missing.

Length: 53.35 mm; width blade edge: 41.15 mm; wall thickness at break: 1.67-3.87 mm; weight: 78.9g.

48. Socketed axe. Missing the loop, mouth and upper body. The blade edge is slightly expanded. Horizontal striations close to the blade edge which survives in short sections. Very even break.

Length: 41.1 mm; width blade edge: 42.25 mm; weight: 63.3g.

49. Socketed axe. Missing the loop, mouth and upper body. Very even break. Large chip from one end of the blade.

Length: 41.71 mm; width blade edge: 38.9 mm; wall thickness at break: 1.72-5.54 mm; weight: 71.3g.

50. Socketed axe. Blade end fragment. The break is uneven and is close to the base of the socket on one face. Expanded blade forming slight blade tip hollows. One end of the blade is missing and the blade edge is damaged. Horizontal striations from blade re-sharpening on both faces.

Length: 50.5 mm; width blade: 45.9 mm; weight: 88.9g.

51. Small socketed axe or chisel. Blade end fragment. Break uneven, close to the base of the socket on one face. The cutting edge does not appear to have been sharpened for use and it has a rounded edge.

Length: 38.8 mm; width blade: 33.87 mm; weight: 38.1g.

52. Socketed axe. Blade end fragment. The break is uneven and is close to the base of the socket on one face. Expanded cutting edge. Approximately 50% of the blade and one blade tip is missing. Length: 42.35 mm; width: 30.53 mm; wall thickness at break: 2.65-7.25 mm; weight: 33.9g.

53. Socketed axe. Blade end fragment, with trace of the socket beginning 30.4 mm from the cutting edge, which is mostly intact. Slight expansion on the blade. Length: 31.8 mm; width: 30.4 mm; thickness at break: 11.1 mm; weight: 38.9g.

54. Socketed axe. Blade end, with part of one face and traces of the other face and the two sides. The base of the socket is 3.8 mm from the cutting edge. Even break. Narrow and thin socketed axe. Length: 29.76 mm; width: 23.1 mm; width blade edge: 28.83 mm; width side close to blade edge: 5.53 mm; weight: 13.7g.

55. Probable socketed chisel. Faceted mouth fragment, with part of mouth moulding and four sides. Flattened upper edge. Length: 26.33 mm; wall thickness mouth: 3.5-4 mm; wall thickness: 1.8-3.15 mm; weight: 9.6g.

56. Palstave. Butt fragment. Off centre casting seams on both tapering sides. Length: 29.9 mm; width: 25.6-27 mm; thickness: 7.08-13.3 mm; weight: 33.5g.

57. ?End-winged axe. Cutting edge fragment. The break is straight and even on both faces. The blade edge is intact and slightly expanded. Length: 35.95 mm; width at break: 26.9 mm; width blade edge: 38.81 mm; thickness at break: 12.03 mm; weight: 63g.

58. ?End-winged axe. Cutting edge fragment. The blade tip is missing on one side, but otherwise the blade edge, which is slightly expanded, is intact. The break is straight on both faces. Length: 44.83 mm; width at break: 24.85 mm; width blade edge: 34.55 mm; thickness at break: 13.15 mm; weight: 81g.

59. End-winged axe-chisel. Mid body and stop fragment. The breaks at both ends are straight and even. Length: 32.35 mm; width: 19.49-21.05 mm; thickness: 10.55-17.10 mm; weight: 58.2g.

60. End-winged axe. Mid body fragment. Length: 46.95 mm; width: 17.55-29.80 mm; weight: 115.5g.

61. Socketed hammer, fragment. Part of three sides and two angles. The end is worn relatively evenly on two planes. Length: 36.32 mm; width at end: 21.4 mm; thickness at hammered end: 2 mm; weight: 35.1g.

62. Socketed hammer; complete. Collar at the mouth (9.6 mm wide). Straight sides, casting seams not fully removed. The end has two diagonal planes; the longer plane is about 15.8 mm and the shorter plane is 4.7 mm. There are two perforations below the collar and a small chip from the mouth. Length:

62.15 mm; width mouth: 20.75 mm; internal width mouth: 17 mm; breadth mouth: 17.9 mm; internal breadth mouth: 14 mm; dimensions hammer end: 20.8 × 18.25 mm; weight: 97.3g.

63. Socketed gouge; complete. Circular socket, single mouth moulding with horizontal ridge below. The furrow tip is 16.6 mm wide and the furrow is 43 mm long. The casting seams are removed below the ridge. Length: 67.8 mm; diameter socket: 19.35 mm; weight: 52.7g.

64. Socketed gouge; incomplete. Sub-circular socket, with collar from the rim to about 9.3 mm. Thick walled, 2.95 mm at mouth. The surviving length of the furrow is 12.95 mm. Casting seam removed from collar, but intact below. Length: 46.65 mm; diameter mouth: 19.95 mm; diameter at break: 14 mm; weight: 32.5g.

65. Socketed gouge; fragment. The socket is crushed at the mouth and at the broken end. Slight recess below the mouth. Length: 47 mm; width at mouth: 28.75 mm; width at break: 19.9 mm; weight: 46.9g.

66. Socketed tool of indeterminate form. Body fragment. Part of one moulding. Flattened side. Dimensions: 24.6 × 18.35 mm; thickness: 3-3.5 mm; weight: 6.2g.

67. Socketed knife; fragment. One blade edge is intact, the other is missing. The handle contains four objects (67a-d). Length (knife): 55.16 mm; width blade: 26.68 mm; weight: 63.2g; socket length: 21.1 mm; Socket width: 11 mm.

67a. Strap fitting, fragment. At least eight diagonal ribs. Loop at one end, square in section. The internal area within the loop is 6.3 mm in length and 4.7 mm in width. Width: 6.3 mm; thickness: 3.6 mm.

67b. Socketed axehead, body fragment. One body angle retained. Width: 13.5 mm; thickness: 3.35 mm.

67c. Fragment, ?bracelet. Flat sheet copper-alloy, rectangular section with rounded ends. Incised decoration, parts of two diagonal lines. Width: 8.1 mm; thickness: 1.3 mm.

67d. Body fragment, indeterminate form. Rectangular in section, but one outer edge is slightly champfered. Width: 8.6 mm; thickness: 3.1-3.4 mm.

68. Socketed knife; fragment. Only a small part of the blade is intact; the blade edge is intact and the blade tapers gently. The break at the blade is straight. Length: 40.9 mm; width blade: 22.1 mm; weight: 27.7g.

69. Tanged and shouldered knife; fragment. The shaft is bent and has a trace of one circular perforation. The blade is lentoid in section and tapers gently. The blade edges are intact on both sides, but missing on the tang on one side. On both faces, there are two pairs of two close-set incised lines extending from the shaft and following the angle of the blade. Length: 54.15 mm; width shaft: 12.15-15.6 mm; width blade: 19.15-26.2 mm; weight: 22g.

70. Tanged and shouldered knife; fragment. The blade edge is intact on one side, but missing on the other. Lentoid-sectioned blade, sides tapering. Length: 42.35 mm; width shaft: 16.85-19.3 mm; width blade: 33.45 mm; thickness: 4.4 mm; weight: 20.4g.

71. Knife. Blade fragment. Fluted, tapering gently. The blade edges are intact. Six bevels on one side and five on the other. Length: 29.8 mm; width blade: 24.4-26.85 mm; thickness: 5.1-5.5 mm; weight: 17g.

72. Knife. Blade fragment. Straight sided, plano-convex to lentoid in section. The blade edges are intact and there are edge bevels on both sides, c. 6 mm from the blade edge. Length: 65.4 mm; width blade: 24.6-25.6 mm; thickness: 4 mm; weight: 29.4g.

73. Knife. Blade fragment. Lentoid in section, straight sided. Blade edges intact, apart from chip from one side. Length: 34 mm; width: 22.6-23.15 mm; thickness: 2.88 mm; weight: 9.2g.

74. Knife. Blade fragment. Narrow straight-sided blade which tapers in slightly and is lentoid in section. Blade edges intact. Length: 49.45 mm; width: 18.25-19.45 mm; thickness: 2.3-2.45 mm; weight: 12.2g.

75. Hog-backed knife; complete. Horizontal striations on both sides of the blade from re-sharpening. The blade edge is mostly intact, but a small part is missing from one end of the blade. There is a bevel on both sides about 11-14.4 mm from the blade edge. Length: 41.15 mm; width: 75.95 mm; thickness: 6.35 mm; weight: 57.4g.

76. Hog-backed knife; fragment. Horizontal striations on both sides of the blade, although more extensive on one side. The bevel is 16.45 mm from the blade edge. The upper edge is straight. No trace of a looped handle but half of a circular perforation. Length: 35.75
mm; width: 39.65 mm; thickness: 6.2 mm; weight: 35.2g.

77. Hog-backed knife; blade fragment. Plano-convex in section. Horizontal striations on one side.
Dimensions: 27.35 × 24 mm; thickness: 6.57 mm; weight: 13.9g.

78. Button sickle; blade fragment. The blade curves slightly and the blade edge is intact. Length: 36.5 mm; width: 42.55 mm; thickness blade: 4-5.2 mm; weight: 30.3g.

79. Button sickle, blade fragment. Sub-square, button intact. Length: 34.1 mm; width: 38 mm; thickness: 3.2 mm; weight: 24.2g.

80. Ribbed sickle, blade fragment. Three curving ribs at the outer edge. Length: 31.8 mm; width: 38.48 mm; thickness: 1.5-3.6 mm; weight: 14.6g.

81. Sword; Ewart Park type. Grip fragment. Length: 29.73 mm; width: 21 mm; thickness: 4.85 mm; weight: 15.2g.

82. Sword, Ewart Park type. Grip fragment. Length: 39.3 mm; width: 19.75 mm; max. thickness: 6.35 mm; weight: 24.5g.

83. Sword, Ewart Park type. Grip fragment. Length: 28.35 mm; width: 20.35 mm; thickness: 5.9 mm; weight: 18.5g.

84. Sword, Ewart Park type. Hilt, shoulder and blade fragment. Length: 78.38 mm; width ricassos: 46.4 mm; width blade: 38.3 mm; bevel 4.3 mm from edge; thickness blade: 10.3 mm; weight: 112.5g.

85. Sword, Ewart Park type. Shoulder and hilt fragment. Length: 24.8 mm; width hilt: 19.65 mm;
weight: 28.1g.

86. Sword, Ewart Park type. Blade fragment. Blade edges intact and edge bevel c. 4.5-5.3 mm from edge, chip from edge on one side. Fine longitudinal scratches close to the blade edge. Straight breaks. Length: 107.1 mm; width: 32-36.15 mm; thickness: 7.8-9.1 mm; weight: 129.3g.

87. Sword, Ewart Park type. Blade fragment. Blade edge intact on one side, slightly chipped on the other side. Edge bevel about 2.55-4.7 mm from edge. Length: 35.8 mm; width: 33.8 mm; thickness: 8-8.2 mm; weight: 43.7g.

88. Sword, Ewart Park type. Blade fragment. Blade edge intact on one side with edge bevels 5.2 mm from edge; blade edge missing on the other side. Length: 35.85 mm; width: 33.2 mm; thickness: 4-5 mm; weight: 38.5g. 28

89. Sword, Ewart Park type. Blade fragment. Blade edgeintact on both sides. Edge bevels 3.8-4.7 mm from edge. Length: 29.5 mm; width: 30.4-35 mm; thickness: 7.8-7.9
mm; weight: 29.8g.

90. Sword, Ewart Park type. Blade fragment. Blade edges mostly intact, shallow edge bevel about 10 mm from edge. Heavy longitudinal striations. Length: 73 mm; width: 31-32.5 mm; thickness: 4.5-5.5 mm; weight: 49g.

91. Sword, Ewart Park type. Blade fragment, close to the tip which is missing. Blade edge mostly intact, but corrosion chipped on one side. Edge bevels c. 4.4 mm from edge. Length: 43.8 mm; width: 20.65-29.7 mm; thickness: 4.18-5.9 mm; weight: 28.1g.

92. Sword, Ewart Park type. Blade fragment. Short sections of blade edge intact, but otherwise burred and with short and shallow transverse notches on both sides. Well-developed, but shallow edge bevels, c. 4.5 mm from edge. Length: 34.6 mm; width: 32.85-35.9 mm; thickness: 7.75-8.05 mm; weight: 43.3g.

93. Sword, Ewart Park type. Upper blade fragment. Unbroken inturned and blunted surfaces suggesting the bases of ricassos on one side. The blade edge on the other side is damaged by corrosion. Poorly defined shallow edge bevels. Length: 38.7 mm; width: 35.4-46.4 mm; thickness: 8.95-9.8 mm; weight: 59g.

94. Sword, Ewart Park type. Blade fragment. Blade edges intact. Faint longitudinal striations. Length: 27.75 mm; width: 36.7-37.7 mm; thickness: 7.5 mm; weight: 32.8g.

95. Sword, Ewart Park type. Blade fragment. The blade edge and much of one side of are missing. Length: 21 mm; width: 29.55 mm; thickness: 8.85 mm; weight: 22.8g.

96. Sword, Ewart Park type. Blade fragment. Blade edges corrosion chipped on both sides. On one side, the edge bevels 3.2 mm from the blade edge. Length: 35 mm; width: 37.4 mm; thickness: 7.75 mm; weight: 44.6g (ploughsoil find).

97. Sword, ?Ewart Park type. Blade fragment. Three longitudinal grooves on each side of the midrib on both sides. Blade edges missing on both sides. Length: 24 mm; width: 36.15 mm; thickness: 7.9 mm; weight: 23.6g (ploughsoil find).

98. Sword, Gundlingen type. Lower blade fragment. The blade is broad and flattish with a lenticular section. Corrosion chips along much of blade edges. Well-defined edge bevels, c.4.25 mm from the edge becoming a vestigial ridge. Length: 60.6 mm; width: 33.3-36.3 mm; thickness: 5.1-5.9 mm; weight: 62.8g

99. Sword, Carp's Tongue type. Ricassos and blade fragment. Blade edges are mostly intact. Length. 51.69-56.32 mm; width: 32.37-34.29 mm; thickness: 8.29-9.51 mm; weight: 71.6g.

100. Sword, Carp's Tongue type. Blade fragment; blade edges intact. Fine longitudinal striations along the blade. Length: 64.24 mm; width: 42.42 mm; thickness: 9.77-10.01 mm; weight: 93.2g.

101. Sword, Carp's Tongue type. Blade fragment; blade edge corrosion chipped. Mid-rib defined by single narrow groove, outer groove with fine striations inside. Fine longitudinal striations on mid-rib and blade edges.Length: 81.94 mm; width: 27.75 mm; thickness: 10.4 mm; weight: 88.6g.

102. Sword, Carp's Tongue type. Blade fragment; blade edges mostly intact. Well-defined edge bevels, 3.3 mm from edge. Length: 55.55 mm; width: 35.1 mm; thickness: 11.48 mm; weight: 87.9g.

103. Sword, Carp's Tongue type. Blade fragment; blade edges intact. Length: 39.95 mm; width: 33.38 mm; thickness: 9.88 mm weight: 51.3g.

104. Sword, Carp's Tongue type. Blade fragment; edges intact. Defined edge bevels, c. 4 mm from edge. Length: 33.9 mm; width: 34.25 mm; thickness: 8.95 mm; weight: 39.9g.

105. Sword, Carp's Tongue type. Blade fragment. Blade edges intact. Groove defining mid-rib and outer groove are of even thickness. Length: 35.41 mm; width: 34.12 mm; thickness: 8.8 mm; weight: 39.1g.

106. Sword, Carp's Tongue type. Blade fragment; edges intact. Length: 29.48 mm; width: 32.2 mm; thickness: 8.15 mm; weight: 27.1g.

107. Sword, Carp's Tongue type. Blade fragment. Shallow outer groove. Blade edges corrosion chipped, slight edge bevels. Fine longitudinal striations between the grooves on blade. Length: 32 mm; width: 32.55 mm; thickness: 8.45 mm; weight: 33.9g.

108. Sword, Carp's Tongue type. Lower blade fragment, tip missing. Blade edges partly intact, otherwise corrosion chipped. Broad outer groove with internal elongated V-shaped groove on both sides. Fine longitudinal striations between the blade edge andgroove. Length: 91.55 mm; width: 17.17-27.15 mm; thickness: 4.95-7.65 mm; weight: 58g.

109. Spearhead; incomplete. Leaf-shaped blade, tip missing. Blade edges mostly intact, but some corrosion chipping. Well-defined edge bevels. The mouth is decorated with 8-9 radial incised lines below the perforations. Length: 100.1 mm; width: 37 mm; thickness blade wings: 3.2 mm; diameter socket: 19.821.4 mm; weight: 61.6g.

110. Spearhead; incomplete. Flame-shaped blade, tip missing. Corrosion chips along much of the blade edge. Mouth decorated with four bands of incised lines. The lower three bands have three lines and the upper band has two lines with a row of small circular stamps above and below. Length: 101.2 mm; width: 30 mm; thickness blade wings: 2.65 mm; diameter socket: 18.25-19.5 mm; weight: 57.1g.

111. Spearhead; complete apart from a chip from the lower edge of the socket. Flame-shaped blade, the blade edges are intact and the edge bevels are ill-defined. Mouth decorated with a broad groove just above the lower edge and below the rivet holes. There is a faintline above the lower line. Length: 112.7 mm; width: 24 mm; thickness blade wings: 1.8 mm; diameter socket: 18 mm; weight: 37.4g.

112. Spearhead; incomplete. Flame-shaped blade, tip missing. The blade edges are intact and the edge bevels are ill-defined. The mouth is decorated with 4-5 irregular poorly defined radial lines below the rivet holes. There are two incised lines on each blade wing on both sides. Length: 72.4 mm; width: 27 mm; thickness blade wings: 2.7-3.2 mm; diameter socket: 17.9-19.1 mm; weight: 41.2g.

113. Spearhead; fragment. Part of one side of the socket and one wing survives. Fillet-defined blade. The blade edge is heavily corrosion chipped and there are welldefined edge bevels, 4.45-5.2 mm from the blade edge. Fine longitudinal striations between the edge and edge bevel. Length: 67 mm; width: 23.2 mm; thickness blade wing: 4.7 mm; weight: 26.6g.

114. Spearhead; incomplete. The upper blade and part of the socket are missing and the socket is slightly distorted at the break at both ends. The blade edges are intact and there are fine longitudinal striations on the blade wings on one side. Length: 64.1 mm; width: 43.2 mm; thickness blade wings: 1.4-2.6 mm; weight: 53.1g.

115. Spearhead; incomplete. The blade tip and socket are missing. Mid-rib defined by grooves. Blade edges mostly intact, but corrosion chipped on one side. Fine longitudinal striations between the mid-rib and edge bevels. Well-defined neatly hollowed edge bevels with regular broad transverse striations between the bevels and edge. There are two small fragments (116a-b) of copper alloy wedged within the lower socket; one of which is thicker and more plate-like than the other.

Length: 68.2 mm; width: 36.2 mm; thickness blade wings: 1.15-3.4 mm; weight: 47.8g.

116. Spearhead; incomplete. The blade tip, part of the socket and part of one blade edge are missing. Blade edges mostly intact. Length: 51.8 mm; width: 29.8 mm; thickness blade wings: 3.7 mm; weight: 35.5g.

117. Spearhead; fragment. Blade edge intact on one wing, corrosion chipped on the other. Shallow edge bevels. Length: 38.2 mm; width: 34.6 mm; thickness blade wings: 5.46 mm; weight: 28.7g.

118. Spearhead; fragment. Blade edges intact. Socket dented on one side. Length: 46 mm; width: 35.9 mm; thickness blade wings: 3.5 mm; socket width: 18.1 mm; weight: 28.6g.

119. Spearhead; fragment. Lower part of spearhead only, missing most of socket on one side. Blade edges intact. . Length: 31.4 5 mm; width: 34.75 mm; thickness blade wings: 4.3 mm; weight: 16.5g.

120. ?Spearhead; fragment. Lower part of socket, with parts of two rivet holes. Length: 47.2 mm; diameter: 14.4-20.3 mm; weight: 15.2g.

121. ?Spearhead, fragment. Lower part of socket with traces of two rivet holes; now flattened. Hammer marks. Length: 60.8 mm; width: 33.4 mm; weight: 14.8g.

122. ?Spearhead; fragment. Lower part of socket, with part of one rivet holes. Length: 41.9 mm; weight: 13.6g. 123. ?Spearhead; fragment. Only part of socket surviving. Length: 30 mm; width: 12.6 mm; weight: 5.4g.

124. Spearhead, fragment. Blade edges corrosion chipped. Length: 42.25 mm; width: 20 mm; thickness blade wings: 4.15 mm; weight: 16g. (ploughsoil).

125. Bracelet, fragment (fig. 15.2). The section is Dshaped with a slightly pointed apex at one end, and is oval at the other. Length: 43.8 mm; width: 6.35 mm; thickness: 4.5 mm; weight: 7g.

126. Bracelet, fragment (fig. 15.2). Rectangular in plan and section. An incised border on both outer edges consists of two longitudinal lines enclosing an incised zig-zag pattern. Length: 38.5 mm; width: 12.65 mm; thickness: 1.1 mm; weight: 4.1g.

127. ?Bracelet, fragment (fig. 15.2). One terminal and a short length of the D-sectioned hoop survive. There is a band of five transverse grooves close to the terminal and a band of four narrow, ill-defined transverse grooves approximately 4 mm from the outer band. The back is flat, but the edge of the terminal on the back is burred. Length: 25.93 mm; width: 15.45 mm; thickness: 5.05-6.6 mm; weight: 11.6g.

128. Copper alloy hollow ring (fig. 15.2). Formed from thin sheet rolled inwards so that an unsealed seam is created on the inside. External diameter: 25.7 mm; internal diameter: 14.9 mm; width: 7.1 mm; weight: 6.4g.

129. Copper alloy ring filled with lead (fig. 15.2). Formed from thin sheet rolled inwards so that an unsealed seam is created on the inside. External diameter: 28.88 mm; internal diameter: 16.15 mm; width: 7.4 mm; weight: 24.6g.

130. Copper alloy ring; filled with lead (fig. 15.2). Incomplete, c. 50 per cent intact. Formed from thin sheet rolled inwards so that an unsealed seam is created on the inside. The inner edge of the ring tapers in on both sides. Cracked. External diameter: 32.54 mm; internal diameter: 4.3 mm; width: 12.4 mm; weight: 23.3g.

131. Copper alloy hollow ring (fig. 15.2). Complete, but slightly damaged. Formed from thin sheet rolled inwards so that an unsealed seam is created on the inside. External diameter: 30.63 mm; internal diameter: 17.6 mm; width: 8.9 mm; weight: 7.8g.

132. Boat-shaped cap end (fig. 15.2). Two circular rivet holes in each face and a sub-rectangular perforation with rounded ends. Width: 41 mm; height: 9.85 mm; thickness: 1.7 mm; weight: 11g.

133. Boat-shaped cap end (fig. 15.2). Two circular rivet holes in each face and a sub-rectangular perforation with rounded ends. Width: 43.62 mm; height: 11.22 mm; thickness: 1.45 mm; weight: 13.5g.

134. Handle strap from a vessel (fig. 15.3). Slightly curving, corrugated in section. Width: 28.6 mm; length: 20.5 mm; thickness: 4.1-4.3 mm; weight: 19g.

135. Handle strap from a vessel (fig. 15.3). Slightly curving. Bevelled outer edges. Width: 21.7-22.22 mm; thickness: 3.8-5 mm; weight: 12.2g.

136. ?Cauldron stay (fig. 15.3). Slightly curving outer edges which are very narrow and mostly intact. Vsectioned ribs on both long edges. The lower surface is completely flat. Length: 33.7 mm; width: 22-24.2 mm; thickness: 4.53 mm; weight: 10.3g.

137. Fragment, possibly a mis-cast sword (fig. 15.3). Lenticular section, outer edges un-worked. At one end the break occurs at an irregular and hollow point and issquashed at one edge. Very fine striations on one face. Length: 36.18 mm; width: 36.36-39.2 mm; thickness:7.42 mm; weight: 51.9g.

138. Fragment, unidentified form (fig. 15.3). Parts of two sides with what resembles ribbing. The upper edge is irregular and partially flattened. Length: 33.23 mm; width: 23.23 mm; thickness: 2.92-5.05 mm; weight: 16.8g.

139. Fragment, unidentified form (fig. 15.3). Sheet copper alloy, narrow body fragment. Length: 21.28 mm; width: 13.95 mm; thickness: 1.18-1.94 mm; weight: 1.1g.

140. Axe mould in copper alloy; fragment (fig. 15.3). For casting socketed axes of South-Eastern Class A. Part of double mouth moulding. The reverse of the mould is smooth. The top is flat. Length: 48.33 mm; width: 21.44-25 mm; thickness: 6.5-11.5 mm; weight: 51g.

141. Casting jet. Twin-feeder (fig. 15.3). Undulating surface. Length: 35.3 mm; dimensions head: 25.7 × 33.85 mm; weight: 64.7g.

142. Casting jet, fragment (fig. 15.3). ?Twin-feeder, but only one feeder survives. Outer edge of head is lipped. Length: 42.73 mm; diameter head: 29.85 mm; weight: 33.9g.

143. Casting jet. Twin-feeder (fig. 15.3). Length: 31.8 mm; dimensions head: 32.2 × 20.67 mm; weight: 60.3g.

144. Copper ingot (fig. 15.4). Thick bar. At one end the section is square, at the other rectangular. Almost flat lower surface. Length: 58.85 mm; width: 28.7-44.47 mm; thickness: 18.9-24.95 mm; weight: 295.8g.

145. Ingot; fragment (fig. 15.4). Copper plate-like ingot, even thickness. Surfaces smooth. Length: 43.3 mm; width: 21.22-25.1 mm; thickness: 3.15-3.8 mm; weight: 25.7g.

146. Ingot; fragment (fig. 15.4). Copper slab-like ingot, as cast. Diameter 43.03 × 39.6 mm; thickness: 6.45-10.8 mm; weight: 72.6g.

147. Ingot; fragment (fig. 15.4). Surfaces mostly uneven and dimpled as cast and edges rounded. Length: 58.36 mm; width: 30.93 mm; thickness: 8.13 mm; weight: 70g.

148. Ingot (fig. 15.4). Sub-circular, rounded edges, as cast. One surface is reasonably smooth, with occasionaldepressions and a short projecting irregular 'rod'. Length: 52.68 mm; width: 44.15 mm; thickness: 10.5 mm; weight: 96.9g.

149. Ingot; fragment (fig. 15.4). Sub-circular, rounded ends, as cast.. Length: 30.27 mm; width: 29.75 mm; thickness: 7.62 mm; weight: 24g.

150. Ingot; fragment (fig. 15.4). Copper ingot. Subrectangular,as cast. Length: 31.75 mm; width: 21.42mm; thickness: 6.13 mm; weight: 9.5g.

151. Ingot; edge fragment. Plano-convex. Thickness: 26.8mm; weight: 1128.5g.

152. Ingot; edge fragment. Plano-convex. Thickness: 37mm; weight: 943.3g.

153. Ingot, edge fragment. Plano-convex. Thickness: 30.5mm; weight: 814.6g.

154. Ingot, fragment. Thickness: 38.8 mm; weight: 460.6g.

155. Ingot, edge fragment. Plano-convex. Thickness: 24.5mm; weight: 611.3g.

156. Ingot, edge fragment. Plano-convex. Thickness:30.95 mm; weight: 610.7g.

157. Ingot. Edge fragment. Plano-convex. Thickness:26.26 mm; width: 221.7g.

158. Ingot, fragment. Plano-convex. Thickness: 28.52 mm; width: 216.5g.

159. Ingot, edge fragment. Plano-convex. Thickness: 22.95 mm; width: 186.4g.

160. Ingot, edge fragment. Plano-convex. Thickness: 23.85 mm; width: 164.8g.

161. Ingot, fragment. Plano-convex. Thickness: 26.9 mm;width: 172.7g.

162. Ingot, fragment. Plano-convex. Thickness:28.88 mm; width: 309.9g.

163. Ingot, edge fragment. Plano-convex. Thickness: 21.4mm; width: 125.1g.

164. Ingot, edge fragment. Plano-convex. Thickness:35.35 mm; width: 248.9g.

165. Ingot fragment, probably plano-convex. Thickness:19.6 mm; width: 46.3g.

166. Ingot, edge fragment. Plano-convex. Thickness:24.2 mm; width: 160.6g.

167. Ingot, edge fragment. Plano-convex. Thickness: 22.4mm; width: 120.1g.

168. Ingot, edge fragment. Plano-convex. Thickness: 19.8mm; width: 123.1g.

169. Ingot, edge fragment. Plano-convex. Thickness: 19.45 mm; width: 87.9g.

170. Ingot, fragment. Plano-convex. Thickness: 31.1 mm;width: 132.9g.

171. Ingot, fragment. Plano-convex. Thickness: 24.3 mm;width: 65.7g.

172. Ingot, fragment. Plano-convex. Thickness: 22.58 mm; width: 58.8g.

173. Ingot, fragment. Plano-convex. Thickness: 12.8 mm;width: 7.6g.

174. Ingot, fragment. Plano-convex. Thickness: 13.9 mm;width: 10.6g.

175. Ingot, fragment. Thickness: 18.9 mm; width:101.9g.

176. Ingot, fragment, probably plano-convex. Thickness: 19.7 mm; width: 56g.

177. Ingot, fragment. Thickness: 11.4 mm; width: 31.9g.

178. Ingot, fragment. Thickness: 10.65 mm; width: 30.1g.

179. Ingot, fragment. Thickness: 13.7 mm; width: 19.7g.

180. Ingot, fragment. Thickness: 15.4 mm; width: 15.1g.