Rights Holder: Kent County Council
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Unique ID: KENT-DD9F73
Object type certainty: Certain
Workflow
status: Published
A fragment of a Roman cast copper alloy eating multi-functional eating utensil known as a folding knife or spoon. The elongated body is U-shaped in cross-section, the underside being recessed with a maximum depth of 4.39mm. The body terminates in an old break on this examples but it would probably have had a moulded decoration in the form of a elongated, crouching feline, probably a lion, with front legs outstretched. The swelling in the body of this example probably represents the creature's hind quarters and legs. The handles continues, terminating in a crescentic curve. On the reverse of the terminal a double lug hinge with drilled holes in the centre. These are surrounded by iron corrosion. An implement, possibly a spike for extracting flesh from crustaceans, would have hinged around a rivet within the perforation and been stored against the handle's side, This hinge would have retained a probable blade that would have folded underneath the handle in the wide groove. Remains within the hinges suggest that the rivets would have been made of iron. The fragment is 36.30mm long and weighs 6.4 grams.
The form of the handle is known from published examples, and can be classified as Sherlock's (1976, 250) Type B. Other examples have been recorded on this database (see 'Notes' below). It is known the spoon bowls were held within the paws and would have folded up above the cat's head. The general dating given to these folding spoons is 2nd or 3rd century given the form of spoon bowls and the contexts in which they have been excavated.
Notes:
Written by Rob Webley for a similar object: HAMP-BC38B6
These objects have been examined by David Sherlock. They are rare and often misidentified simply as folding knifes in the absence of a bowl (e.g. Mills 2000, 86; ref. RB258). In 1976 Sherlock had gathered details of four handles, alongside three separate bowls with their distinctive L-shaped attachment ends. Very few were found with their bowls attached (e.g. BM Registration number: 1856, 0701.1152); all but one of these were 'mandolin' shaped. By 2007 Sherlock's cumulative totals had reached eight handles and six separate bowls. Excitingly, along with this example, a further five handles have been recorded on this database: SF2196, GLO-C01E93 (= UKDFD 9052), DENO-AEBF93, LIN-A68C52, KENT-DD9F73. To these we might add HAMP-349434 (a possible bowl) and NLM4722 (a seemingly related piece). If one of Sherlock's (2007, 364; ref. B12) examples is treated as a related piece (Crummy 1983, 69; ref. 2020 - in the form of a dolphin), and the bowls treated with caution, then the six definite PAS examples nearly double the known corpus. Most examples are of a comparable form, although another as yet unpublished is more ornately decorated. Another is of the same style but far more involved, with extra lugs for a total of six implements (Meadows 2003, 36; ref. 12; Sherlock 2007, 364-365; ref. B14). The distribution pattern of the corpus so far recorded does not suggest any clear pattern and seems to rule out a direct association with the army as with the latter day successor of these objects, the Swiss Army knife.
This is a find of note and has been designated: Potential for inclusion in Britannia
Broad period: ROMAN
Period from: ROMAN
Date from: AD 100
Date to: AD 300
Quantity: 1
Length: 36.3 mm
Weight: 6.4 g
Date(s) of discovery: Wednesday 13th January 2010
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Primary material: Copper alloy
Manufacture method: Cast
Completeness: Incomplete
4 Figure: TR3564
Four figure Latitude: 51.326518
Four figure longitude: 1.371697
1:25K map: TR3564
1:10K map: TR36SE
Grid reference source: From finder
Unmasked grid reference accurate to a 100 metre square.
No references cited so far.